WO2018056376A1 - 作業車両の管理システム及び作業車両の管理方法 - Google Patents
作業車両の管理システム及び作業車両の管理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018056376A1 WO2018056376A1 PCT/JP2017/034162 JP2017034162W WO2018056376A1 WO 2018056376 A1 WO2018056376 A1 WO 2018056376A1 JP 2017034162 W JP2017034162 W JP 2017034162W WO 2018056376 A1 WO2018056376 A1 WO 2018056376A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- work
- work vehicle
- dump truck
- area
- traveling
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0212—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
- G05D1/0214—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory in accordance with safety or protection criteria, e.g. avoiding hazardous areas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F1/00—General working methods with dredgers or soil-shifting machines
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/20—Instruments for performing navigational calculations
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0212—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
- G05D1/0217—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory in accordance with energy consumption, time reduction or distance reduction criteria
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0289—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling with means for avoiding collisions between vehicles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0291—Fleet control
- G05D1/0297—Fleet control by controlling means in a control room
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
- B60P1/16—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element actuated by fluid-operated mechanisms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
- G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
- G08G1/096811—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed offboard
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
- G08G1/165—Anti-collision systems for passive traffic, e.g. including static obstacles, trees
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work vehicle management system and a work vehicle management method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technology in which a work vehicle performs a switchback operation at a switchback point of a loading site and moves it to the loading point.
- An aspect of the present invention aims to provide a work vehicle management system and a work vehicle management method capable of improving the productivity of a work site.
- traveling conditions for generating traveling condition data in which a work vehicle is advanced from the entrance of the work area to the work point of the work area in a forward direction and retreated from the work point to the exit of the work area in reverse.
- a management system of a work vehicle comprising: a data generation unit; and an output unit that outputs the traveling condition data to the work vehicle.
- a method of managing a work vehicle including: outputting the traveling condition data to the work vehicle.
- a work vehicle management system and a work vehicle management method are provided that can improve the productivity of the work site.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing an example of a work vehicle management system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the work vehicle according to the present embodiment as viewed from the front.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the work vehicle according to the present embodiment as viewed from the rear.
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the work vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an example of a management device and a control device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing traveling condition data according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of managing a work vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view for explaining the method of managing a work vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing an example of a work vehicle management system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the work vehicle according to the present embodiment as viewed from
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view for explaining a method of managing a work vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view for explaining the method of managing a work vehicle according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view for explaining a management method of a work vehicle according to the conventional example.
- FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing an example of a management system 1 of a work vehicle 2 according to the present embodiment.
- the management system 1 carries out operation management of the work vehicle 2.
- the work vehicle 2 is a dump truck 2 which is a transport vehicle capable of traveling in a mine.
- the dump truck 2 travels at least a part of the transport path HL leading to the work site PA and the work site PA of the mine.
- the work site PA includes at least one of the loading site LPA and the discharge site DPA.
- the transport path HL includes an intersection IS.
- the dump truck 2 travels in accordance with the target travel route set in the transport path HL and the work site PA.
- the loading place LPA is an area where loading operation for loading the dump truck 2 is performed.
- a loading machine 3 such as a hydraulic shovel operates.
- the discharge site DPA is an area where a discharge operation is performed in which a load is discharged from the dump truck 2.
- a crusher CR is provided at the discharge site DPA.
- the management system 1 includes a management device 10 and a communication system 9.
- the management device 10 includes a computer system and is installed in a control facility 7 provided in a mine.
- the communication system 9 performs data communication and signal communication between the management device 10 and the dump truck 2.
- the communication system 9 includes a plurality of relays 6 that relay data and signals.
- the management device 10 and the dump truck 2 communicate wirelessly via the communication system 9.
- the dump truck 2 is an unmanned dump truck that travels in a mine based on a command signal from the management device 10.
- the dump truck 2 travels in the mine based on a command signal from the management device 10 regardless of the driver's operation.
- the position of the dump truck 2 is detected using a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System).
- Global navigation satellite systems include GPS (Global Positioning System).
- the GNSS has a plurality of positioning satellites 5.
- the GNSS detects a position defined by coordinate data of latitude, longitude, and altitude.
- the position detected by the GNSS is an absolute position defined in the global coordinate system.
- the absolute position of the dump truck 2 in the mine is detected by the GNSS.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the dump truck 2 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the front.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the dump truck 2 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the rear.
- FIG. 4 is a side view showing the dump truck 2 according to the present embodiment.
- an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system is set, and the positional relationship of each part will be described with reference to the XYZ orthogonal coordinate system.
- the Y-axis direction is the traveling direction of the dump truck 2
- the + Y direction is the advancing direction of the dump truck 2
- the ⁇ Y direction is the backward direction of the dump truck 2.
- the part or direction on the + Y side of the dump truck 2 is appropriately referred to as front or front
- the part or direction on the -Y side of the dump truck 2 is appropriately referred to as rear or rear.
- the X axis direction is taken as the vehicle width direction of the dump truck 2, and in the vehicle width direction, the part or direction on the + X side of the dump truck 2 is referred to as the right or right as appropriate.
- the site or direction is referred to as left or left as appropriate.
- the Z-axis direction is the vertical direction of the dump truck 2, and in the vertical direction, the part or direction on the + Z side of the dump truck 2 is appropriately referred to as the upper or upper, and the part or direction on the -Z side of the dump truck 2 As appropriate, it is called lower or lower.
- the dump truck 2 includes a chassis 20, a dump body 21 supported by the chassis 20, a traveling device 22 supporting the chassis 20, a drive device 23 generating power for operating the traveling device 22, and a radiator 24. , A hoist cylinder 25 for driving the dump body 21, and a control device 40.
- the dump truck 2 is a carbureted dump truck that does not have a cab (driver's cab).
- the dump truck 2 travels unattended without the driver's operation.
- the dump truck 2 may be a dump truck having a cab and traveling unmanned.
- the traveling device 22 is provided at the front of the dump truck 2 and supports the tire 26T, and the wheel 27 supporting the tire 27T and brakes the wheel 26, and the wheel 27 are provided at the rear of the dump truck 2. It has a brake device and a steering device that steers the wheel 26 and the wheel 27.
- One wheel 26 and one tire 26 T are provided on each of the right and left portions of the chassis 20.
- One wheel 27 and one tire 27 T are provided on each of the right and left portions of the chassis 20.
- the wheel 26 and the wheel 27 are supported by the chassis 20 via a suspension system. As the wheel 26 and the wheel 27 rotate, the dump truck 2 travels.
- the driving device 23 generates power for rotating the wheel 26 and the wheel 27.
- the drive device 23 includes an internal combustion engine, a generator that generates electric power by the operation of the internal combustion engine, and an electric motor that operates based on the electric power generated by the generator.
- the radiator 24 radiates the coolant of the internal combustion engine.
- the wheel 26 and the wheel 27 are rotated by the power generated by the electric motor.
- the electric motor is an in-wheel motor and is provided to each of the wheel 26 and the wheel 27.
- the generator operates to generate electric power.
- An electric motor is driven by the power generated by the generator.
- An electric motor is provided on each of the two wheels 26.
- an electric motor is provided to each of the two wheels 27. That is, in the present embodiment, the traveling device 22 is a four-wheel drive traveling device.
- the wheel 26 is steered by the first steering device.
- the wheel 27 is steered by the second steering device. That is, in the present embodiment, the traveling device 22 is a four-wheel steering traveling device.
- the dump truck 2 is forwardable and reverseable.
- the traveling performance of the dump truck 2 at the time of forward movement and the traveling performance of the dump truck 2 at the time of reverse traveling are preferably substantially the same. That is, at least one of the drive performance, the braking performance, and the turning performance of the traveling device 22 at the time of forward movement, and at least one of the driving performance, the braking performance, and the turning performance of the traveling device 22 at the time of reverse movement are substantially the same. is there.
- the maximum traveling speed of the dump truck 2 at the time of forward movement and the maximum traveling speed of the dump truck 2 at the time of reverse movement are substantially the same.
- the maximum acceleration of the dump truck 2 during forward movement and the maximum acceleration of the dump truck 2 during reverse movement are substantially the same.
- forward travel means traveling with the front portion of the dump truck 2 facing the traveling direction.
- reverse travel means traveling with the rear portion of the dump truck 2 facing the traveling direction.
- the dump body 21 accommodates a load.
- the dump body 21 is rotatably supported at the rear of the chassis 20 via a hinge mechanism 28.
- the dump body 21 has a protrusion 29 at the front and an inclined surface 30 at the rear.
- the hoist cylinder 25 drives the dump body 21.
- Two hoist cylinders 25 are provided in the vehicle width direction.
- the upper end of the hoist cylinder 25 is rotatably connected to the front of the dump body 21.
- the lower end of the hoist cylinder 25 is rotatably coupled to the chassis 20.
- the dump body 21 performs a dumping operation by the operation of the hoist cylinder 25.
- the extension of the hoist cylinder 25 causes the dump body 21 to pivot about the hinge mechanism 28 so that the front portion of the dump body 21 is lifted. Due to the dumping operation of the dump body 21, the load loaded on the dump body 21 is discharged from the rear of the dump body 21.
- Control device 40 includes a computer system.
- the control device 40 controls the dump truck 2 based on a command signal including traveling condition data supplied from the management device 10.
- the dump truck 2 includes a position detector 31 for detecting the absolute position of the dump truck 2, a lamp 32 provided at the front, a lamp 33 provided at the rear, and an obstacle sensor provided at the front 36 and an obstacle sensor 37 provided at the rear.
- the position detector 31 includes a GPS antenna that receives a GPS signal from the positioning satellite 5 and a GPS calculator that calculates the absolute position of the dump truck 2 based on the GPS signal received by the GPS antenna.
- the GPS antenna of the position detector 31 is provided at the rear of the dump body 21.
- the illumination light 32 illuminates an object in front of the dump truck 2.
- the illumination light 33 illuminates an object behind the dump truck 2.
- the obstacle sensor 36 detects an obstacle in front of the dump truck 2 when the dump truck 2 advances.
- the obstacle sensor 37 detects an obstacle behind the dump truck 2 when the dump truck 2 is in reverse.
- the obstacle sensor 36 and the obstacle sensor 37 include, for example, a radar device.
- the obstacle sensor 36 and the obstacle sensor 37 may include a laser scanner device or a camera.
- the control device 40 prevents the collision between the dump truck 2 and the obstacle based on the detection data of the obstacle sensor 36. Perform the process.
- the control device 40 avoids the collision between the dump truck 2 and the obstacle based on the detection data of the obstacle sensor 37. Perform the process.
- the processing for avoiding the collision between the dump truck 2 and the obstacle is, for example, processing for decelerating or stopping the traveling dump truck 2.
- the obstacle sensor 36 can detect not only obstacles in front of the dump truck 2 but also terrain data in front of the dump truck 2 when the dump truck 2 advances.
- the obstacle sensor 37 can detect not only obstacles behind the dump truck 2 but also topography data behind the dump truck 2 when the dump truck 2 is in reverse.
- the dump truck 2 advances, using the detection data of the obstacle sensor 37 provided at the rear of the dump truck 2, a collision between the dump truck 2 and another dump truck 2 behind the dump truck 2 Processing may be performed to avoid the problem.
- the dump truck 2 is in reverse, using the detection data of the obstacle sensor 36 provided at the front of the dump truck 2, a collision between the dump truck 2 and another dump truck 2 ahead of the dump truck 2 is detected. A process for avoiding may be performed.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing an example of the management device 10 and the control device 40 according to the present embodiment.
- the management device 10 is installed in the control facility 7.
- the control device 40 is mounted on the dump truck 2.
- the management device 10 and the control device 40 communicate wirelessly via the communication system 9.
- the management device 10 includes a computer system.
- the management device 10 includes an arithmetic processing unit 11 including a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a storage device 12 including a memory and storage such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory). And an output interface 13.
- arithmetic processing unit 11 including a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a storage device 12 including a memory and storage such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the management device 10 is connected to the wireless communication device 14.
- the management device 10 performs data communication with the dump truck 2 via the wireless communication device 14 and the communication system 9.
- the management device 10 is connected to the input device 15 and the output device 16.
- the input device 15 and the output device 16 are installed in the control facility 7.
- the input device 15 includes, for example, at least one of a keyboard for a computer, a mouse, and a touch panel.
- Input data generated by operating the input device 15 is output to the management device 10.
- the output device 16 includes a display device.
- the display device includes a flat panel display such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic electroluminescence display (OELD).
- the output device 16 operates based on display data output from the management device 10.
- the output device 16 may be, for example, a printing device.
- the arithmetic processing unit 11 includes a traveling condition data generating unit 111, an entering traveling area calculating unit 112, a leaving traveling area calculating unit 113, an overlapping area calculating unit 114, and a traveling condition data correcting unit 115.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 traveling in the mine.
- the traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 includes at least one of a traveling path, traveling speed, acceleration, deceleration, and traveling direction of the dump truck 2.
- the traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 may include at least one of the stopping position and the departure position of the dump truck 2.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 advances at least the dump truck 2 from the entrance of the work place PA to the work point of the work place PA in advance, and retreats from the work point of the work place PA to the exit of the work place PA in reverse.
- the traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 is the entry route data indicating the entry route of the dump truck 2 from the entrance of the work place PA to the work point of the work place PA, and from the work point of the work place PA to the exit of the work place PA And exit route data indicating the exit route of the dump truck 2 of FIG.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data so that the entering route and the leaving route do not overlap in the work place PA.
- the entry travel area calculation unit 112 calculates, based on the entry route data and the external shape data of the dump truck 2, an entry travel area indicating an area through which the dump truck 2 traveling on the entry route passes.
- the external form data of the dump truck 2 includes the external form and dimensions of the dump truck 2.
- the external shape data of the dump truck 2 is known data and is stored in the storage device 12.
- the entry travel area calculation unit 112 calculates an entry travel area based on the entry route data generated by the travel condition data generation unit 111 and the external shape data of the dump truck 2 stored in the storage device 12.
- the leaving travel area calculation unit 113 calculates, based on the leaving route data and the external shape data of the dump truck 2, a leaving running area indicating an area through which the dump truck 2 traveling on the leaving route passes.
- the leaving traveling area calculation unit 113 calculates a leaving traveling area based on the leaving route data generated by the traveling condition data generation unit 111 and the external shape data of the dump truck 2 stored in the storage device 12.
- the overlapping area calculation unit 114 calculates an overlapping area between the entry travel area and the exit travel area.
- the entry travel area and the exit area are respectively defined in the global coordinate system.
- Overlapping area calculation unit 114 sets an overlapping area defined in the global coordinate system based on the entry travel area calculated by entry travel area calculation unit 112 and the exit travel area calculated by exit travel area calculation unit 113. calculate.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 waits at the standby point outside the overlap area for the second dump truck 2B entering from the entrance of the work area PA.
- the traveling condition data generated by the traveling condition data generation unit 111 is corrected so that the second dump truck 2B waiting at the standby point starts moving when the dump truck 2A comes out of the overlapping area.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 determines, for example, the time from when the first dump truck 2A finishes the work at the work point of the work area PA to when it exits the overlapping area, and the second dump truck 2B The travel condition data of the first dump truck 2A and the travel condition data of the second dump truck 2B are corrected so that the sum of the time from the standby point of PA to the movement to the work point of the work site PA becomes small.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 corrects the entering route data and the leaving route data so that the overlapping area becomes smaller.
- the input / output interface 13 outputs the traveling condition data generated by the traveling condition data generation unit 111 to the dump truck 2. Further, the input / output interface 13 outputs the traveling condition data corrected by the traveling condition data correction unit 115 to the dump truck 2. In the present embodiment, the input / output interface 13 outputs the traveling condition data to the dump truck 2 It functions as an output unit.
- the traveling condition data generated by the arithmetic processing unit 11 is output to the dump truck 2 via the input / output interface 13 and the communication system 9.
- Control device 40 includes a computer system.
- the control device 40 includes an arithmetic processing unit 41 including a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a storage device 42 including a memory and storage such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory). And an output interface 43.
- arithmetic processing unit 41 including a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and a storage device 42 including a memory and storage such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory).
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- the control device 40 is connected to the wireless communication device 44.
- the control device 40 performs data communication with the management device 10 via the wireless communication device 44 and the communication system 9.
- the control device 40 is connected to the position detector 31, the drive device 23, the brake device 34, and the steering device 35.
- the position detector 31, the drive device 23, the brake device 34, and the steering device 35 are mounted on the dump truck 2.
- the position detector 31 detects the absolute position of the dump truck 2.
- the driving device 23 operates to drive the traveling device 22 of the dump truck 2.
- the brake device 34 operates to brake the traveling device 22 of the dump truck 2.
- the steering device 35 operates to steer the traveling device 22 of the dump truck 2.
- the arithmetic processing unit 41 includes an operation control unit 411 and an absolute position data acquisition unit 412.
- the operation control unit 411 outputs an operation control signal for controlling at least one of the drive device 23 of the dump truck 2, the brake device 34, and the steering device 35 based on the traveling condition data supplied from the management device 10.
- the operation control signal includes an accelerator command signal output to the drive device 23, a brake command signal output to the brake device 34, and a steering command signal output to the steering device 35.
- the absolute position data acquisition unit 412 acquires the absolute position data of the dump truck 2 from the detection data of the position detector 31.
- FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing traveling condition data according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of travel condition data defined on the transport path HL.
- the traveling condition data includes a collection of a plurality of course points PI set at a constant interval W.
- Each of the plurality of course points PI includes target absolute position data of the dump truck 2, target traveling speed data of the dump truck 2 at the position where the course point PI is set, and dump truck 2 at the position where the course point PI is set. And the target travel direction data of
- a target travel route RP of the dump truck 2 is defined by trajectories passing through a plurality of course points PI. Based on the target traveling speed data, the target traveling speed of the dump truck 2 at the position where the course point PI is set is defined. Based on the target traveling direction data, the target traveling direction of the dump truck 2 at the position where the course point PI is set is defined.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of traveling condition data set on the conveyance path HL.
- the traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 is also set in the work place PA.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of managing the dump truck 2 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG.8, FIG.9 and FIG.10 is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the management method of the dump truck 2 which concerns on this embodiment.
- the work point of the loading station LPA is a loading point LP indicating a position at which the loading operation is performed by the loading machine 3.
- the loading machine 3 is a hydraulic shovel having a top swing body and a work implement supported by the top swing body
- the loading point LP is defined in the turning range of the work implement.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 at the loading place LPA (step S10).
- FIG. 8 shows an example of traveling condition data set in the loading place LPA according to the present embodiment.
- an inlet Gi and an outlet Go are defined in the loading field LPA.
- the dump truck 2 traveling on the transport path HL enters the loading space LPA from the entrance Gi.
- the dump truck 2B that has entered the loading space LPA from the entrance Gi moves toward the loading point LP, which is a working point, and stops at the loading point LP.
- the dump truck 2A loaded with the load at the loading point LP moves toward the outlet Go and withdraws from the outlet Go to the transport path HL.
- the traveling performance of the dump truck 2 at the time of forward movement and the traveling performance of the dump truck 2 at the time of reverse movement are substantially the same.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 causes the dump truck 2 to advance forward from the entrance Gi of the loading place LPA to the loading point LP of the loading place LPA, and from the loading point LP to the loading place LPA. Generate traveling condition data to be retreated backward at the exit Go of. As shown in FIG. 8, the dump truck 2 advances from the entrance Gi to the loading point LP based on the traveling condition data. After the loading operation is completed at the loading point LP, the dump truck 2 retreats backward from the loading point LP to the exit Go based on the traveling condition data.
- the target travel route RP set in the loading place LPA is an entrance route RPi of the dump truck 2 from the entrance Gi to the loading point LP, and a removal route RPo of the dump truck 2 from the loading point LP to the exit Go. Including.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data so that the entering route RPi and the leaving route RPo do not overlap in the loading place LPA.
- the entry travel area calculation unit 112 enters the entry travel area RPAi indicating the area through which the dump truck 2 traveling on the entry route RPi passes.
- the leaving running area calculation unit 113 determines the leaving running area RPAo indicating the area through which the dump truck 2 traveling on the leaving route RPo passes. Calculate (step S20).
- FIG. 9 shows an example of the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo according to the present embodiment.
- the dimensions of the width of the entry travel area RPAi and the dimensions of the width of the exit travel area RPAo are, for example, substantially the same as the dimensions of the vehicle width of the dump truck 2.
- the entry travel area calculation unit 112 calculates the entry travel area RPAi based on the entry route data indicating the entry route RPi and the outline data including the dimension of the vehicle width of the dump truck 2.
- the leaving travel area calculation unit 113 calculates a leaving travel area RPAo based on the leaving route data indicating the leaving route RPo and the outline data including the dimensions of the vehicle width of the dump truck 2.
- the width of the entry travel area RPAi and the width of the exit travel area RPAo do not have to be the same as the width of the dump truck 2 and may be larger than the dump truck 2 Good.
- the overlapping area calculation unit 114 calculates an overlapping area VA between the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo (step S30).
- the entry travel area RPAi and the exit area RPAo are each defined in the global coordinate system.
- the overlapping area calculation unit 114 calculates an overlapping area VA defined in the global coordinate system, based on the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo.
- the overlap area VA includes a loading point LP.
- the size of the overlapping area VA changes based on the relative position of the entrance route RPi and the exit route RPo.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 corrects the traveling condition data based on the overlapping area VA (step S40).
- a plurality of dump trucks 2 are sequentially arranged at the loading point LP, and the loading operation for the dump trucks 2 arranged at the loading point LP is sequentially performed.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 sets a plurality of dump trucks so that only one dump truck 2 exists in the overlap area VA, in other words, a plurality of dump trucks 2 does not exist in the overlap area VA. Correct the respective driving condition data of 2.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 causes the next dump truck 2B entering the loading field LPA from the entrance Gi to be outside the overlapping area VA. Dumping is performed so that the next dump truck 2B waiting at the waiting point WP starts moving to the loading point LP when waiting at the waiting point WP and the first dump truck 2A comes out of the overlapping area VA. The travel condition data of truck 2 is corrected.
- the dump truck 2A after finishing the loading work at the loading point LP quickly leave from the overlapping area VA, and the next dump truck 2B quickly move from the waiting point WP to the loading point LP .
- the next dump truck 2B waits It is preferable that the traveling condition data of the first dump truck 2A and the traveling condition data of the next dump truck 2B be set such that the sum with the time Ti from the point WP to the loading point LP becomes small.
- the overlapping area VA As a measure to reduce the sum of time To and time Ti, it is possible to reduce the overlapping area VA.
- the moving distance until the previous dump truck 2A leaves the overlapping area VA is shortened, and the time To is shortened. Further, since the overlapping area VA is reduced, the distance between the waiting point WP and the loading point LP is shortened, the moving distance of the next dump truck 2B is shortened, and the time Ti is shortened.
- At least one of the traveling speed of the dump truck 2A and the traveling speed of the next dump truck 2B may be raised.
- the time To for the previous dump truck 2A to exit the overlapping area VA is shortened.
- the traveling speed of the next dump truck 2B entering the loading point LP increases, the time Ti is shortened.
- management system 1 can shorten time To and time Ti.
- the input / output interface 13 outputs the traveling condition data corrected by the traveling condition data correction unit 115 to the dump truck 2 (step S50).
- the dump truck 2 travels based on the traveling condition data output from the traveling condition data correction unit 115.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of the dump truck 2 traveling based on the traveling condition data according to the present embodiment.
- a loading point LP and a waiting point WP are set at the loading place LPA. Entry route data and exit route data are set such that the entry route RPi and the exit route RPo do not intersect in the loading field LPA.
- the waiting point WP is set outside the overlapping area VA.
- entry route data and exit route data are set such that the overlapping area VA is reduced.
- the entry route data is set such that the entry route RPi detours from the leaving route RPo in the vicinity of the loading point LP.
- the next dump truck 2B is advanced from the entrance Gi to the waiting point WP.
- the dump truck 2A which has finished the loading operation at the loading site LPA, moves backward from the loading point LP to the exit Go.
- the next dump truck 2B waiting at the waiting point WP starts moving to the loading point LP when the previous dump truck 2A comes out of the overlapping area VA.
- the next dump truck 2B advances forward from the waiting point WP to the loading point LP.
- the next dump truck 2B that has finished the loading operation at the loading site LP moves backward from the loading point LP to the exit Go.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 reduces the sum of the time To and the time Ti by reducing the overlapping area VA.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 may not correct the entry route data and the exit route data so that the overlapping area VA becomes smaller.
- the traveling condition data correction unit 115 may reduce the sum of the time To and the time Ti by increasing the traveling speed of the dump truck 2A and the traveling speed of the next dump truck 2B.
- the traveling speed of the dump truck 2 is increased, it is preferable to reduce the curvatures of the curves of the entry route RPi and the exit route RPo. If the curvature of the curve is reduced, the overlap area VA may be increased, but the travel speed of the dump truck 2 is increased, so the sum of the time To and the time Ti is decreased.
- the method of managing the dump truck 2 in the loading field LPA has been described as an example of the method of managing the dump truck 2 in the work site PA.
- the above-described management method is also applicable to the dump truck 2 in the discharge site DPA.
- the unloading site DPA a plurality of dump trucks 2 are sequentially traveled to the unloading point DP which is a working point, and the unloading operation is sequentially performed.
- the dump truck 2 enters the unloading point DP of the unloading site DPA from the entrance Gi of the unloading site DPA in reverse and advances from the unloading point DP to the exit Go of the unloading site DPA To leave.
- traveling condition data is generated so that the approach route RPi and the leaving route RPo do not overlap.
- the entry travel area RPAi is calculated based on the entry route data and the outer shape data of the dump truck 2
- the exit travel area RPAo is calculated based on the exit route data and the outer shape data of the dump truck 2.
- the overlap area VA between the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo is calculated.
- the next dump truck 2B stands by at the waiting point WP outside the overlapping area VA, and stands by at the waiting point WP when the previous dump truck 2A comes out of the overlapping area VA The next dump truck 2B starts moving to the earth unloading point DP.
- the time To from the end of work at dump point 2A before the end of work at dump point DP to time To that the next dump truck 2B moves from standby point WP to dump point DP from the next dump truck 2B is Ti
- the traveling condition data of the first dump truck 2A and the traveling condition data of the next dump truck 2B are set so that the sum becomes small.
- the dump truck 2 whose traveling performance at the time of forward movement and traveling performance at the time of reverse movement are substantially the same advances from the entrance Gi of the work place PA to the work point of the work place PA. And exit from the work point to the exit Go of the work area PA in reverse.
- the management apparatus 10 generates traveling condition data for advancing the dump truck 2 from the entrance Gi of the work area PA to the work point of the work area PA in a forward direction and for retreating from the work point to the exit Go of the work area PA in a reverse direction. Output.
- the switchback operation of the dump truck 2 at the work site PA is omitted.
- the cycle time of the dump truck 2 is shortened, and the productivity of the mine is improved. Further, by omitting the switchback operation, the occurrence of uneven wear in the tire 26T and the tire 27T is suppressed, and the life of the tire 26T and the tire 27T is improved.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data so that the entry route RPi and the leaving route RPo do not overlap in the work place PA. As a result, the interference between the dump truck 2A traveling from the work point toward the exit Go and the next dump truck 2B traveling from the entrance Gi toward the work point is suppressed, and the dump truck 2 travels smoothly. be able to.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view for explaining a management method of the dump truck 2J according to the conventional example.
- the switchback operation of the dump truck 2J is performed at the work place PA.
- the switchback operation refers to an operation in which the advancing dump truck 2J changes the traveling direction and starts reverse movement.
- the traveling condition data it is necessary to set the traveling condition data so that the entry route RPi and the leaving route RPo intersect.
- the dump truck 2J traveling from the work point toward the exit Go may interfere with the next dump truck 2J traveling from the entrance Gi toward the work point, and the dump truck 2J smoothly It becomes difficult to run.
- the traveling condition data generation unit 111 generates traveling condition data so that the approach route RPi and the leaving route RPo do not intersect in the work place PA. As a result, the interference between the dump truck 2A traveling from the work point toward the exit Go and the next dump truck 2B traveling from the entrance Gi toward the work point is suppressed, and the dump truck 2 travels smoothly. be able to.
- the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo are calculated, and the overlap area VA between the entry travel area RPAi and the exit travel area RPAo is calculated.
- the management apparatus 10 waits at the standby point WP outside the overlapping area VA, and the first dump truck 2A
- the traveling condition data is set such that the next dump truck 2B waiting at the waiting point WP starts to move to the work point when it comes out of the overlapping area VA.
- the time To from when the previous dump truck 2A finishes the work at the work point until it leaves the overlapping area VA, and until the next dump truck 2B moves from the standby point WP to the work point The traveling condition data of the dump truck 2 is set such that the sum of the time Ti and the time Ti becomes small. As a result, the non-operating time of the loading machine 3 is effectively shortened, and the productivity of the mine is dramatically improved.
- the functions of the traveling condition data generation unit 111, the entering traveling area calculation unit 112, the leaving traveling area calculation unit 113, the overlapping area calculation unit 114, and the traveling condition data correction unit 115 It was included. A part or all of the functions of the traveling condition data generation unit 111, the entry traveling area calculation unit 112, the departure traveling area calculation unit 113, the overlapping area calculation unit 114, and the traveling condition data correction unit 115 are mounted on the dump truck 2. May be included in the control device 40.
- the work vehicle is the dump truck 2 operating in the mine.
- the work vehicle may operate at a wide area work site separate from the mine.
- SYMBOLS 1 Management system, 2 ... Dump truck (work vehicle), 3 ... Loading machine, 5 ... Positioning satellite, 6 ... Repeater, 7 ... Control facility, 9 ... Communication system, 10 ... Management apparatus, 11 ...
- Arithmetic processing apparatus 12: storage device, 13: input / output interface, 14: wireless communication device, 15: input device, 16: output device, 20: chassis, 21: dump body, 22: traveling device, 23: driving device, 24: radiator , 25: Hoist cylinder, 26: wheel, 26 T: tire, 27: wheel, 27 T: tire, 28: hinge mechanism, 29: projecting portion, 30: inclined surface, 31: position detector, 32: illumination light, 33: Lighting, 34: Brake device, 35: Steering device, 36: Obstacle sensor, 37: Obstacle sensor, 40: Control device, 41: Arithmetic processing device, 42: Storage device, 43: I / O Interface, 44: wireless communication device, 111: traveling condition data generation unit, 112: entry traveling area calculation unit, 113: eviction traveling area calculation unit, 114: overlapping area calculation unit, 115: traveling condition data correction unit, 411 ...
- Operation control unit, 412 absolute position data acquisition unit, CR: crushing machine, DPA: discharge place, Gi: entrance, Go: exit, HL: transport path, IS: intersection, LPA, loading place, PA, work place, RP ... target travel route, RPi ... entry route, RPAi ... entry travel area, RPo ... exit route, RPAo ... exit travel area, VA ... overlapping area.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態に係る作業車両2の管理システム1の一例を模式的に示す図である。管理システム1は、作業車両2の運行管理を実施する。本実施形態において、作業車両2は、鉱山を走行可能な運搬車両であるダンプトラック2である。
次に、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2について説明する。図2は、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2を前方から見た斜視図である。図3は、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2を後方から見た斜視図である。図4は、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2を示す側面図である。図2、図3、及び図4を用いる説明においては、XYZ直交座標系を設定し、XYZ直交座標系を参照しつつ各部の位置関係について説明する。
次に、本実施形態に係る管理装置10及び制御装置40について説明する。図5は、本実施形態に係る管理装置10及び制御装置40の一例を示す機能ブロック図である。上述のように、管理装置10は、管制施設7に設置される。制御装置40は、ダンプトラック2に搭載される。管理装置10と制御装置40とは、通信システム9を介して無線通信する。
次に、本実施形態に係る走行条件データについて説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る走行条件データを模式的に示す図である。図6は、搬送路HLに規定された走行条件データの一例を示す。
次に、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2の管理方法について説明する。図7は、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2の管理方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。図8、図9、及び図10は、本実施形態に係るダンプトラック2の管理方法を説明するための模式図である。
以上説明したように、本実施形態によれば、前進時における走行性能と後進時における走行性能とが実質的に同一であるダンプトラック2は、作業場PAの入口Giから作業場PAの作業点に前進で進入し、作業点から作業場PAの出口Goに後進で退去することができる。管理装置10は、ダンプトラック2を作業場PAの入口Giから作業場PAの作業点に前進で進入させ、作業点から作業場PAの出口Goに後進で退去させる走行条件データを生成し、ダンプトラック2に出力する。これにより、作業場PAにおけるダンプトラック2のスイッチバック動作は省略される。したがって、ダンプトラック2のサイクルタイムが短縮され、鉱山の生産性が向上する。また、スイッチバック動作が省略されることにより、タイヤ26T及びタイヤ27Tにおける偏摩耗の発生が抑制され、タイヤ26T及びタイヤ27Tの寿命が向上する。
Claims (8)
- 作業車両を作業場の入口から前記作業場の作業点に前進で進入させ、前記作業点から前記作業場の出口に後進で退去させる走行条件データを生成する走行条件データ生成部と、
前記走行条件データを前記作業車両に出力する出力部と、
を備える作業車両の管理システム。 - 前進時における前記作業車両の走行性能と後進時における前記作業車両の走行性能とは実質的に同一である、
請求項1に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 前記作業車両は、前部及び後部のそれぞれに障害物センサを有し、前進時及び後進時のそれぞれにおいて障害物を検出する、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 前記走行条件データは、前記入口から前記作業点までの前記作業車両の進入経路を示す進入経路データと、前記作業点から前記出口までの前記作業車両の退去経路を示す退去経路データとを含み、
前記走行条件データ生成部は、前記作業場において前記進入経路と前記退去経路とが重複しないように前記走行条件データを生成する、
請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 前記進入経路データと前記作業車両の外形データとに基づいて、前記進入経路を走行する前記作業車両が通過するエリアを示す進入走行エリアを算出する進入走行エリア算出部と、
前記退去経路データと前記作業車両の外形データとに基づいて、前記退去経路を走行する前記作業車両が通過するエリアを示す退去走行エリアを算出する退去走行エリア算出部と、
前記進入走行エリアと前記退去走行エリアとの重複エリアを算出する重複エリア算出部と、
第1作業車両が前記重複エリアに存在するときに前記入口から進入した第2作業車両が前記重複エリアの外側の待機点で待機し、前記第1作業車両が前記重複エリアから出たときに前記待機点に待機している前記第2作業車両が移動を開始するように前記走行条件データを補正する走行条件データ補正部と、
を備え、
前記出力部は、前記走行条件データ補正部で補正された前記走行条件データを前記作業車両に出力する、
請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 前記走行条件データ補正部は、前記第1作業車両が前記作業点における作業を終了してから前記重複エリアを出るまでの時間と、前記第2作業車両が前記待機点から前記作業点に移動するまでの時間との和が小さくなるように、前記第1作業車両の走行条件データ及び前記第2作業車両の走行条件データを補正する、
請求項5に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 前記走行条件データ補正部は、前記重複エリアが小さくなるように、前記進入経路データ及び前記退去経路データを補正する、
請求項5又は請求項6に記載の作業車両の管理システム。 - 作業車両を作業場の入口から前記作業場の作業点に前進で進入させ、前記作業点から前記作業場の出口に後進で退去させる走行条件データを生成することと、
前記走行条件データを前記作業車両に出力することと、
を含む作業車両の管理方法。
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| AU2017332940A AU2017332940A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2017-09-21 | Management system for work vehicle and management method for work vehicle |
| CA3031203A CA3031203A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2017-09-21 | Management system for work vehicle and management method for work vehicle |
| US16/316,676 US11650589B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2017-09-21 | Management system for work vehicle and management method for work vehicle |
| AU2020264391A AU2020264391A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2020-11-06 | Management system for work vehicle and management method for work vehicle |
| AU2023200077A AU2023200077A1 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2023-01-06 | Management system for work vehicle and management method for work vehicle |
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| JP2016186326A JP6662741B2 (ja) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | 作業車両の管理システム及び作業車両の管理方法 |
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| JP7565674B2 (ja) * | 2019-02-01 | 2024-10-11 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 無人車両の制御システム及び無人車両の制御方法 |
| USD1006678S1 (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2023-12-05 | Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd. | Dump truck |
| JP7296345B2 (ja) * | 2020-06-26 | 2023-06-22 | 酒井重工業株式会社 | 転圧ローラの障害物検知装置 |
| JP7505378B2 (ja) * | 2020-11-13 | 2024-06-25 | 井関農機株式会社 | 作業車両の制御システム |
| EP4250047A4 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2024-09-04 | Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | DUMP TRUCK CONTROL SYSTEM |
| JP7785461B2 (ja) * | 2021-03-30 | 2025-12-15 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 作業現場の管理システム及び作業現場の管理方法 |
| JP7514874B2 (ja) * | 2022-03-16 | 2024-07-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 情報処理方法、情報処理装置及びプログラム |
| CN115123298B (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2025-08-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | 适用于双桥转向无驾驶室矿用作业车辆的主动感知系统 |
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| JPS63155307A (ja) * | 1986-12-19 | 1988-06-28 | Shin Caterpillar Mitsubishi Ltd | 無人自走体の障害物監視システム |
| JPH1038598A (ja) * | 1996-03-28 | 1998-02-13 | Caterpillar Inc | 機械のコースを求める方法 |
| JP2010073080A (ja) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-04-02 | Komatsu Ltd | 無人車両の走行経路生成方法 |
| WO2015129013A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-03 | 株式会社小松製作所 | ダンプトラック |
| WO2016051526A1 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-04-07 | 日立建機株式会社 | 無人運搬車両の走行制御方法及びシステム |
| WO2015076420A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-05-28 | 株式会社小松製作所 | 鉱山機械の管理システム、鉱山機械の管理方法、及びダンプトラック |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6662741B2 (ja) | 2020-03-11 |
| AU2020264391A1 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
| US11650589B2 (en) | 2023-05-16 |
| CA3031203A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
| JP2018049571A (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
| US20190163192A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
| AU2017332940A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
| AU2023200077A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
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