WO2018045619A1 - Porous medium radiation board and dehumidification air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

A porous medium radiation board, comprising a radiation board body (21), heat transfer pore channels (61), and dehumidification pore channels (62). The radiation board is simultaneously connected to an air conditioning loop (13) and a dehumidification loop (14); the radiation board is the radiation end of the air conditioning loop (13) and also the absorption section of condensate, and therefore can simultaneously achieve heat transfer, and condensate absorption and discharging. Also disclosed is a dehumidification air conditioning system.

Description

Porous medium radiation plate and air conditioning dehumidification system Technical field

The invention relates to the field of HVAC, and in particular to a porous medium radiant panel and an air conditioning dehumidification system.

Background technique

Conventional air conditioners use convection heat transfer to achieve refrigeration or heating. Convective heat transfer has the advantages of fast heat exchange speed and rapid response, but also has many shortcomings, such as heat exchange airflow blowing through the human body, affecting human comfort; In the same case, the energy consumption is too high in the case of warm and comfortable comfort; the fan has a certain noise, and it is easy to accumulate dust and germs.

With the improvement of people's living standards, radiant air conditioning is a better air conditioning equipment that provides space for cooling and heating. The radiant air-conditioning system has a small temperature difference of water supply, which is 20%~40% more energy-efficient than the traditional method; there is no obvious airflow in the space, so there is no blowing feeling and comfortable feeling; the radiant air conditioner transmits heat to the human body through the form of heat radiation, and the radiation process does not heat the air. The effect on the air humidity in the space is small, and the air will not be excessively dried; since there is no running device such as a fan coil, the noise can be reduced to a human perceptible range.

However, when the radiant air conditioner is cooled in summer, condensation will occur if the radiant surface temperature is lower than the air dew point temperature, and condensate accumulates on the radiant surface, which will affect the radiation efficiency and cause mold and affect hygiene. In order to overcome the condensation problem of radiant air conditioners, the generally designed radiant air conditioner must be equipped with a corresponding fresh air system for air exchange and dehumidification. In this way, the air is ventilated in an active manner, and the energy consumption is increased. The fresh air system also brings some noise. In addition, the special dehumidifier must be able to closely monitor and control the air in each room. Temperature and humidity, so the system must have high reliability and complexity, which increases the input cost of radiant air conditioning, which is the main barrier affecting the widespread use of radiant air conditioning.

In order to avoid this problem, CN 102563781A designed a vertical radiant metal plate. The radiant panel is not in contact with the heat exchanger. A narrow air passage is formed between the two, and gravity is used for convective heat transfer under the heat exchanger. Set up a condensate tray to collect condensate from the heat exchanger. CN 105627439A A ceiling transmissive cold and heat radiation air conditioner is designed. An infrared transmissive plate is arranged outside the radiation plate, an air layer is formed between the radiation plate and the infrared transmission plate, and the infrared absorption and refractive index are transmitted by the infrared transmission plate. The low feature establishes infrared radiant heat transfer between the radiant panel and the human body. The above-mentioned designs are essentially two-layer radiant panel designs, with only the inner layer of hot and cold water pipes. This type of design only relieves the problem of condensed water to a certain extent, but all require a special dehumidification device, and the two radiations cause a layer of thermal resistance to be radiated, which has low heat transfer efficiency and slow response, and is difficult to be widely used. CN 103982017 proposes an anti-condensation metal radiant panel, that is, the metal plate is subjected to super-hydrophobic treatment, and in a humid environment, the cold surface does not condense; but under actual environmental conditions, the dust in the air changes the metal radiant panel. Hydrophobicity, on the other hand, when the temperature in the space is lowered, the water vapor in the air does not condense on the metal plate, and it condenses in the space such as the floor and the furniture surface, thus limiting its wide application.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, an object of the present invention is to provide a porous medium radiant panel and an air conditioning dehumidification system to overcome the condensed water problem in the prior art without reducing the radiation efficiency of the radiation surface.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A porous medium radiant panel comprising a radiant panel body, the radiant panel body being made of a porous dielectric material, wherein the radiant panel body is provided with at least one hole for heat transfer or for dehumidification. The tunnel is penetrated from one end of the radiant panel body to the other end.

Preferably, the porous medium material is one or more of sintered brick, blue brick, molded sand type, porous ceramic, glass fiber, activated carbon, wood density board, cement, zirconia ceramic, silicide, metal foam and rock. Kind.

Preferably, the porous medium material has a porosity of from 2% to 94%.

Preferably, the radiant panel is a heat transfer end, and there is no other intermediate heat transfer medium between the radiant panel and the heat transfer space and the human body.

Preferably, the porosity of the porous medium is distributed according to a porosity which is higher near the air side and lower in porosity near the dehumidification channel side.

Preferably, the cross section of the tunnel is set to be circular, elliptical, square, trapezoidal or polygonal, and the axial direction is set to a straight line, a U shape, a serpentine shape or a concentric shape.

Preferably, the tunnel is formed by porous media molding or drilling and milling of a radiant panel, or a pipe is inserted in the tunnel, the wall surface of the pipe is arranged in a hollow or porous shape, and the pipe is made of a metal material or an organic material. .

Preferably, the channel is divided into a dehumidification channel for dehumidification and a heat transfer channel for heat transfer, the radiation plate body includes a heat transfer layer and a dehumidification layer, and the heat transfer hole is disposed through the hole In the heat transfer layer, the surface of the heat transfer layer is convexly formed to form the fin, the plurality of fins are arranged at intervals and the top end is closed, and the adjacent two fins form the Dehumidification tunnel.

The present application also provides an air conditioning dehumidification system of the porous medium radiant panel, wherein the tunnel is divided into a dehumidification tunnel for dehumidification and a heat transfer tunnel for heat transfer, and the air conditioning dehumidification system includes a dehumidification circuit. An air conditioning circuit, a dehumidifying device disposed on the dehumidifying circuit, and an air conditioning device disposed on the air conditioning circuit, wherein the dehumidification channel of the radiant panel body is in communication with the dehumidification circuit, the radiant panel The heat transfer channels of the body are in communication with the heat transfer circuit.

Preferably, the air conditioning dehumidification system comprises a plurality of porous media radiant panels that are spliced together.

The present application also provides an air conditioning dehumidification system of the porous medium radiant panel, the air conditioning dehumidification system comprising an air conditioning dehumidification circuit and an air conditioning dehumidification device disposed on the air conditioning dehumidification circuit, the radiant panel body The tunnel is in communication with the air conditioning dehumidification circuit.

Preferably, the air conditioning dehumidification system comprises a plurality of porous media radiant panels that are spliced together.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

The radiant panel of the present invention is a refrigeration or heating end in a HVAC system. The invention can use the radiation plate to directly transfer heat to the human body and the environment inside the space, has high heat transfer efficiency, fast response speed of cooling and heating, strong human body comfort, and obvious energy saving effect. The invention directly condenses water vapor in the air on the radiation surface and is absorbed by the porous medium of the radiation plate, and the porous medium is dehumidified by the dehumidification working medium in the radiation plate, thereby taking away the condensed water in the space. The system automatically adjusts the humidity in the space without the need for an additional dehumidification device or the corresponding humidity monitoring equipment. The invention utilizes air condensation to automatically adjust the humidity in the space, does not cause the humidity in the space to be too high, causes the water vapor to condense on the surface of the furniture in the space, and does not have the dry feeling after the conventional air conditioner is used. The radiant panel of the invention is composed of a porous medium, has a high surface hardness, can be normally cleaned, and does not cause degradation of radiation and dehumidification performance due to factors such as adsorption of dust.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a connection diagram of a radiant air conditioning system to which the present invention is applied;

Figure 2 (a) is a schematic view of a radiation plate of the present invention;

Figure 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the radiant panel of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a dehumidification pipe installed in a dehumidification tunnel according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the mass transfer of liquid phase condensed water in the porous medium of the present invention;

Figure 5 (a) is a system connection diagram of a heat transfer tunnel and a dehumidification tunnel in the radiation plate of the present invention;

Figure 5 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a radiant panel incorporating a heat transfer tunnel and a dehumidification tunnel in the radiant panel of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a radiation plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the advantages and features of the invention can be more readily understood by those skilled in the art.

1 is a system connection diagram of a porous medium radiant panel applied to a radiant air conditioner according to the present invention. As shown, the radiant panel system 10 is connected to a cooling and heating air conditioner 11. The air conditioning circuit 13 is formed and connected to the dehumidifying device 12 for discharging the condensate to form the dehumidifying circuit 14. The radiant panel system 10 is the heat transfer end of the air conditioning circuit 13 for transmitting cold and heat through convection and radiation to the space environment and the human body, and the heat transfer coefficient h _h ; at the same time, the radiant panel system 10 is also the air in the space. After the vapor condenses the condensate absorption device, the condensate is condensed on the surface of the radiant panel system 10, absorbed by the radiant panel system 10, and transmitted to the dehumidification circuit 14, with a mass transfer coefficient h _m . The condensate is passed through a dehumidification circuit 14 to the dehumidification system 12, and after the dehumidification system 12 has dried, returns to the radiant panel system 10 and is circulated. In the heating condition, since the condensate is not formed, the system does not need to be dehumidified, but the humidity can be increased to the air in the space by the dehumidification circuit 14 instead.

As shown in Figures 2(a)-(b), the radiant panel system 10 includes a radiant panel body 21, a heat transfer aperture 61 and a dehumidification aperture 62, a thermal insulation panel 23, and an inlet and outlet manifold 27, 28; the radiant panel body 21 is provided with The outer surface 24 and the inner surface 25; the outer surface 24 is the radiating surface of the radiant panel body, in direct contact with the air in the space, and transfers heat to the human body and the space environment by convection and radiation; the inner surface 25 is closely related to the heat insulating plate 23. contact. The heat transfer holes 61 and the dehumidification holes 62 are connected to the inlet and outlet manifolds 27, 28, respectively. The thermal insulation plate 23 is in contact with the inner surface 25 of the radiation plate 21, and the upper surface is in contact with the air or the wall. The thermal insulation board 23 serves to isolate the radiation panel 21 from other environments, reducing energy loss.

The heat transfer channel 61 in the radiant panel body 21 has a cooling or heating fluid cooled by a conventional air conditioner, a heat pump, a boiler, or the like, and transfers heat/cooling amount to the radiant panel body 21, and then further transferred into the space. Environment and human body; the dehumidification gas flowing through the dehumidification tunnel 62 is dried by the dehumidification system 12, and the dehumidification drying method can adopt the conventional suction method. Attached and refrigerated, adsorption drying is based on the adsorption principle. When the humid air passes through the desiccant, the water is adsorbed to obtain dry air. Commonly used desiccants are calcium chloride, sodium hydroxide, soda lime, polymer resin, and Silica and the like; refrigerating drying is the principle of using cooling air to lower the temperature of the air, and the moisture in the humid air is condensed and precipitated from the air to obtain dry air. It is also possible to directly dry the outdoor relatively dry gas through the circuit 14 directly. When the humidity in the winter space is too low, high-humidity air may be introduced into the dehumidification tunnel 62 or water may be directly introduced, and the humidity may be increased to the air in the space by reverse seepage. The cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer channel 61 and the dehumidification channel 62 can be flexibly designed according to needs, including but not limited to circular, elliptical, square, trapezoidal, polygonal, etc.; the axial shape can also be flexibly designed according to needs, including linear type and serpentine shape. , U-shaped, concentric, and so on. The relative positions of the heat transfer holes 61, the dehumidification holes 62, the size of the holes, the number of holes, and the distribution can also be flexibly designed according to actual needs.

The body of the radiant panel body 21 is processed by a porous medium, and the selected porous medium should have high thermal conductivity, high permeability and appropriate porosity; and optional porous medium for the radiant panel body 21 includes but is not limited to sintered bricks and blue bricks. One or more of molded sand, porous ceramics, glass fiber, activated carbon, wood MDF, cement, zirconia ceramics, silicides, metal foams and rocks, and other novel materials having the properties of the above porous media . Preferred are silicon compounds such as silica, zeolite, porous glass, apatite, diatomaceous earth, kaolinite, sepiolite, allophane, imogolite, activated clay, silica-oxidation Aluminum composite oxide, silica-titania composite oxide, silica-zirconia, silica-alumina composite oxide, silica-titania composite oxide, silica-zirconia, silica - Magnesium oxide, silicon dioxide - cerium oxide, dioxane A composite metal oxide such as silicon-germanium oxide or silicon dioxide-yttria. Among them, as the silicon compound, silica, sepiolite, zeolite or the like is preferable. Combinations of one or more of the above materials may also be employed.

The amount of pores in porous media is one of the important factors affecting its properties. The porosity of a porous dielectric material is defined as the ratio of the total volume of minute voids within the porous medium to the total volume of the porous medium. Porosity is related to the shape, structure and arrangement of the solid particles of the porous medium. In common non-biological porous media, the porosity of glass fiber is up to 83% to 94%, the porosity of concrete cement, limestone and dolomite is as low as 2% to 4%, and the porosity of underground sandstone is mostly 4 % to 30%, the porosity of bricks is 12% to 34%. The porosity of the porous medium for the radiant panel body of the present invention ranges from 2% to 94%.

2(b) shows a case where the density and hardness of the porous medium in the radiation plate body 21 are relatively high. At this time, the heat transfer holes 61 can be formed directly on the radiation plate body 21 by die casting, drilling and milling, and dehumidification. Hole 62. For the case where the density and hardness of glass fiber, activated carbon, MDF are low, or when the toughness of cement, rock, etc. is low, special interpolated pipes, interposed pipes and heat transfer holes 61, dehumidification holes can be inserted into the tunnel. 62 close contact. The insertion pipe can be made of metal, such as copper, iron, steel, silver, aluminum, etc., or can be made of organic materials such as PVC, PPP, and PEC. As shown in FIG. 3, for the interpolating dehumidification pipe in the dehumidification tunnel 62, a plurality of dehumidification holes 41 or a hollow structure are provided on the pipe wall of the dehumidification pipe 40 to facilitate dehumidification.

Under refrigeration conditions, when the temperature near the radiant panel body 21 is lower than the water vapor dew point temperature, the water vapor will condense on the outer surface 24 of the radiant panel body 21, and the condensate is adsorbed by the porous medium of the radiant panel body 21, Forming a liquid phase in a porous medium and then in a porous The medium is transferred to the dehumidification tunnel 62, and the dehumidification medium in the dehumidification tunnel 62 carries out the radiant panel body 21. The mechanism of liquid phase mass transfer in a porous medium is shown in Fig. 4. The mechanism of liquid phase transfer in the body of the radiant panel 21 mainly includes the following three types:

(1) Liquid phase concentration gradient driving: close to the outer surface 24 of the radiation plate body 21, the liquid phase concentration in the porous medium is relatively high, near the dehumidification channel 62, and the liquid phase concentration is relatively low. In the presence of a concentration gradient, the diffusing substance tends to shift from a high concentration to a low concentration. Its governing equation is Fick's law:

Here q _m mass flow, D is the mass transfer coefficient, and ρ _L is the mass concentration of the liquid phase in the porous medium.

(2) Capillary force drive: The porosity of different regions in the porous medium is different. The pores of the porous medium near the outer surface 24 are larger, and the feature size r _{1 is} relatively larger; the pores of the porous medium near the dehumidification channel 62 are smaller, the feature size r _{2 is} relatively small. According to the capillary driving principle, the capillary flow driving force caused by the interface force is different interface force difference:

Here σ is the surface tension and θ is the contact angle. ΔP drives the liquid phase in the porous medium to flow from r ₁ to r ₂ .

(3) Convective mass transfer: at the dehumidification tunnel 62, the convective surface mass transfer caused by the flow of the fluid in the tube, the liquid phase condensate in the porous medium is taken away:

q _m =h _m (ρ _L,W -ρ _L,f ) (3)

Here, h _m is the surface mass transfer coefficient, and ρ _{L, W} , ρ _{L, and f} are the liquid phase mass concentrations in the porous medium and the dehumidification medium pipe 62 _, respectively.

Based on the mass transfer mechanism in the above three porous media, the porous medium pores of the radiant panel body 21 can be designed in detail, including the porosity distribution of the porous medium in the radiant panel body 21 (ie, the relative size and absolute size of r ₁ , r ₂ ) The size and spacing of the dehumidification channels 62 and the form and size of the porous or hollow 41 on the inner cannula on the dehumidification channel 62.

Since the pore size in porous media is very small, it is generally in the order of millimeters, micrometers or even nanometers. In this case, the viscous force and surface tension of the fluid are far greater than the influence of gravity, and the mass transfer mechanism in the porous medium is The direction of gravity is irrelevant, so the radiant air conditioning system of the present invention can be installed at any angle, either horizontally on the ceiling, on the floor, or on a vertical, sloping wall.

According to the actual needs of the installation design, the size of the radiant panel body 21 can be flexibly designed: an entire top, a wall, and a ground can be used as a heat exchange unit, and only one inlet and outlet are provided; The radiant panel, the plurality of radiant panel bodies 21 are spliced together to form a large radiant panel, and the splicing of the aluminum gusset plate is used to fill the entire heat exchange area, and the heat transfer holes and the dehumidification holes between the radiant panels can be connected in series. Can be connected in parallel.

The heat insulation board 23 is used for isolating the radiation board body 21 from the surrounding environment to reduce energy loss; the heat insulation board 23 is made of a heat insulating material having a small thermal conductivity, such as an extruded board EPS or XPS, polystyrene board, polyurethane, phenolic resin, polystyrene. Ethylene, fiberglass, rock wool, wool, sponge, rubber. A tin foil is attached to the upper surface 26 of the thermal insulation panel 23 in contact with the radiant panel body 21 to reduce radiation heat transfer. The heat insulating plate 23 also isolates the condensed water in the radiant panel body 21 from the outside to prevent the water vapor from entering the air in the space again, thereby reducing the dehumidification effect of the radiation system. fruit.

The following is another form of the invention.

By properly selecting the heat transfer medium of the air conditioning circuit 13 and the dehumidification medium of the dehumidification circuit 14, the function of the dehumidification circuit 14 can be incorporated into the air conditioning circuit 13. As shown in Figures 5(a)-(b), the radiant panel system 10 is used to transfer heat and absorb condensate, and the circuit 16 is connected to the air conditioning and dehumidification system 15, and the working fluid in the circuit 16 is a gas such as air, oxygen, Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, an inert gas or the like is preferably air. As shown in Fig. 5(a), in the cooling condition, the air conditioning and dehumidification system 15 cools the working gas and simultaneously performs drying and dehumidification, and then the low temperature drying gas flows into the radiant panel system 10 through the circuit 16 to transfer the cooling amount to The radiant panel 10, while absorbing moisture therein, is then returned to the air conditioning and dehumidification system 15, and thus circulated. In this case, the heat transfer holes 61 and the dehumidification holes 62 in the radiation plate body 21 are functionally combined into one, and are shown as heat transfer and dehumidification holes 22, as shown in Fig. 5(b). Other aspects of the design are consistent with the above-described inventive examples.

The following is another form of the invention.

Another optimization of the present invention, as shown in Figure 6, includes a radiant panel body 21 and a thermal insulation panel 23, which are consistent with the above-described inventive examples. The main difference is that the heat transfer and dehumidification functions of the radiation plate body 21 are separated, and the heat transfer holes 61 and the dehumidification holes 80 are provided.

The radiant panel 21 includes a lower heat transfer layer 82 and a dehumidifying layer 83; the heat transfer layer 82 is in close contact with the dehumidifying layer 83, or both, and the material is the same or different porous medium materials as described above. The holes arranged in the heat transfer layer 82 are all heat transfer holes 61 for transferring heat and cooling to the porous medium in the radiation plate body 21. Radiant plate 21 The upper dehumidifying layer 83 includes a plurality of fins 84. The upper surface of the fins 84 is closed by a flat plate 81, and a dehumidifying opening 80 is formed between the fins 84 and the fins 84. The dehumidified gas flows in the dehumidification tunnel 80, and carries out the liquid phase condensate in the dehumidifying layer 83. According to the principle of heat and mass transfer, the fins 84 increase the contact area between the dehumidifying layer 80 and the heat transfer layer 82 and the gas flow, and help to enhance the liquid phase mass transfer in the porous medium and increase the dehumidification speed. Further, the dehumidification channel 80 of the dehumidification gas can be optimally designed according to the actual design, and combined with the shape of the fin 84, the cross section thereof can be square, circular, elliptical, polygonal or the like.

For those skilled in the art, porous separators, felts, fiber mats, sponges, and the like can be further added according to the technical solutions and concepts described above to further reduce flow noise in the pipes, enhance heat preservation, and all of these changes and Modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and the features of the present invention, and are intended to be understood by those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes or modifications made are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

A porous medium radiant panel comprising a radiant panel body, wherein the radiant panel body is made of a porous dielectric material, and the radiant panel body is provided with at least one of therethrough for heat transfer or for dehumidification The tunnel extends from one end of the radiant panel body to the other end. The porous medium radiant panel according to claim 1, wherein the porous dielectric material is sintered brick, blue brick, molded sand type, porous ceramic, glass fiber, activated carbon, wood MDF, cement, zirconia. One or more of ceramics, silicides, metal foams, and rocks. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 2, wherein said porous dielectric material has a porosity of from 2% to 94%. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 1, wherein said radiant panel is a heat transfer end, and there is no other intermediate heat transfer medium between said radiant panel and the heat transfer space and the human body. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous medium is distributed according to a porosity which is higher near the air side and lower in porosity near the dehumidification port side. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the tunnel is circular, elliptical, square, trapezoidal or polygonal, and the axial direction is linear, U-shaped, serpentine or concentric. Round shape. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 6, wherein said tunnel is formed by die-casting or drilling and milling of a porous medium of a radiant panel, or a pipe is inserted into the tunnel. The wall surface of the pipe is arranged in a hollow or porous shape, and the material of the pipe is a metal material or an organic material. A porous medium radiant panel according to claim 6, wherein said tunnel is divided into a dehumidification tunnel for dehumidification and a heat transfer tunnel for heat transfer, said radiant panel body comprising a heat transfer layer And the dehumidifying layer, the heat transfer hole is disposed in the heat transfer layer, the surface of the heat transfer layer is convexly formed to form the fin, and the plurality of fins are arranged at intervals and the top end is closed The dehumidification channel is formed between two adjacent fins. An air conditioning dehumidification system comprising the porous medium radiant panel according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the tunnel is divided into a dehumidification tunnel for dehumidification and a heat transfer tunnel for heat transfer, characterized in that: The air conditioning dehumidification system includes a dehumidification circuit, an air conditioning circuit, a dehumidification device disposed on the dehumidification circuit, and an air conditioning device disposed on the air conditioning circuit, the dehumidification channel of the radiation plate body and the dehumidification The loops are in communication, and the heat transfer channels of the radiant panel body are in communication with the heat transfer loop. An air conditioning dehumidification system according to claim 9, wherein said air conditioning dehumidification system comprises a plurality of porous medium radiation plates spliced to each other. An air conditioning dehumidification system comprising the porous medium radiant panel according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the air conditioning dehumidification system comprises an air conditioning dehumidification circuit and an air conditioning dehumidification provided on the air conditioning dehumidification circuit The device, the channel of the radiant panel body is in communication with the air conditioning dehumidification circuit. An air conditioning dehumidification system according to claim 11, wherein said air conditioning dehumidification system comprises a plurality of porous medium radiation plates spliced to each other.

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