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WO2017133371A1 - 一种顶吸式吸油烟机 - Google Patents

一种顶吸式吸油烟机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017133371A1
WO2017133371A1 PCT/CN2017/000134 CN2017000134W WO2017133371A1 WO 2017133371 A1 WO2017133371 A1 WO 2017133371A1 CN 2017000134 W CN2017000134 W CN 2017000134W WO 2017133371 A1 WO2017133371 A1 WO 2017133371A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fan
rear wheel
air inlet
flow
range hood
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/000134
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁雪斐
刘逸
周佳杰
王青山
茅忠群
诸永定
刘戈
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd filed Critical Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Publication of WO2017133371A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017133371A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a range hood, in particular to a top suction type range hood.
  • the fan is an important part of the range hood.
  • the impeller of the fan plays the role of energy conversion.
  • the performance of the impeller directly affects the performance of the range hood.
  • the homogenization of the fan system which is the core component of the range hood, is becoming more and more serious, and the space for the improvement of the performance of the traditional fan is limited.
  • the fan impeller for the conventional range hood is generally formed by flat-plate stamping and forming, and the blades are generally only formed into a circular arc of uniform thickness. Since the impeller speed generally exceeds 800 RPM, the actual between the blades is Fluid separation and reflux are more pronounced.
  • the air inlet of the fan generally faces the front, and the air outlet of the fan is arranged upward, that is, the air inlet of the fan and the air outlet of the fan are 90° with each other, and the fan is operated due to the impeller.
  • the pre-spin action of the gas and the gas gradually change direction during the 90° steering process into the impeller.
  • the simple front and rear uniform inlet and outlet angles are unfavorable for the actual functional force of the impeller.
  • the existing range hood generally has the problems of low static pressure, small effective air volume, poor anti-interference ability and escape of soot. In summary, it is necessary to further improve the structure of the existing top suction range hood.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a top suction type range hood having a novel structure and capable of greatly increasing the static pressure value and the effective air volume in view of the above-mentioned state of the art.
  • the top suction type range hood includes a fan cover, and a fan is installed in the fan cover, wherein the fan cover is divided into a fan inside. a mounting cavity and a rectifying cavity, the rectifying cavity is located below the fan mounting cavity, the fan adopts a three-element flow impeller, the fan is installed in the fan mounting cavity, the air inlet of the fan faces downward and the rectification is performed The cavities are connected.
  • the rectifying chamber has a structure in which the upper end is small and the lower end is large, and the air inlet of the fan is disposed at a central portion of the top of the rectifying chamber.
  • the longitudinal section of the rectifying chamber has a trapezoidal structure with a short bottom and a long bottom, and the relationship between the height h1 of the rectifying chamber and the diameter D of the air inlet of the fan is D ⁇ h1 ⁇ 3D.
  • a horizontally arranged rectifying net is installed in the rectifying cavity, and the whole The relationship between the first vertical distance h2 between the flow net and the air inlet of the fan and the diameter D of the air inlet of the fan is h2 ⁇ D.
  • a sound-absorbing hole is opened in the cavity wall of the rectifying chamber, and sound-absorbing cotton is filled between the outer wall of the rectifying chamber and the inner wall of the fan casing.
  • the three-way flow impeller includes a rear wheel and a blade
  • the bottom of the blade is mounted on the disk surface of the rear wheel and arranged in the circumferential direction of the rear wheel
  • the outer side of the blade is The edge of the air outlet, the angle between the projection of the outer side on the outer circumferential surface of the rear wheel and the normal line of the outer circumference of the rear wheel ranges from -60° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 60°
  • the inner side of the blade The edge is the air inlet edge
  • the angle ⁇ between the inner side edge projected on the outer circumferential surface of the rear wheel disc and the outer circumference of the rear wheel disc is 20° ⁇ 70°
  • the outer side is The angle ⁇ formed by the line connecting the center of the bottom end and the center of the rear wheel and the line between the bottom end of the inner side and the center of the rear wheel is 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65°
  • the outer side The relationship between the second vertical height h3 of the side apex relative to the rear wheel and the third
  • the three-way flow impeller further includes a front cover mounted on the top of the blade, and a first arc segment that smoothly transitions from the inside to the outside is formed at a portion where the front cover intersects the meridian plane where the impeller shaft is located,
  • the second arc segment and the straight segment, the relationship between the radius R1 of the first arc segment and the radius R2 of the second arc segment is 0.1 ⁇ R1/R2 ⁇ 0.6, and the length L of the straight segment
  • the relationship between the value and the radius R2 of the second circular arc segment is 0.1 ⁇ L / R2 ⁇ 0.4.
  • the fan may have various structures.
  • the fan includes the three-way flow impeller, the volute, the motor, the air inlet ring and the air outlet cover, and the three-way flow impeller is installed inside the volute,
  • the output shaft of the motor is vertically downward, and the rear wheel of the three-way flow impeller is mounted on the output shaft of the motor, and the air inlet ring is installed at the air inlet of the fan and the front cover of the three-way flow impeller
  • the air outlet of the fan faces upward and is offset at a side of the fan installation cavity, and the air outlet cover is mounted on the air outlet.
  • the distance ⁇ between the rear wheel and the volute wall adjacent to the rear wheel is 1 mm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 mm
  • the front cover is sleeved outside the air inlet ring and the front cover is
  • the vertical distance ⁇ between the side edge and the outer side wall of the air inlet ring is 0.5 mm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 5 mm.
  • the air outlet edge of the air outlet hood is in the shape of a lobe, or a through hole is formed in the annular wall of the air outlet of the air outlet to make the annular wall of the air outlet have a mesh structure.
  • the invention has the advantages that the fan casing of the top suction range hood is internally divided into a fan installation cavity and a rectification cavity located below the fan installation cavity, and the fan installed in the fan installation cavity adopts three yuan.
  • the impeller is flowed, and the air inlet of the fan is facing downward and communicates with the rectifying chamber.
  • the structure and space layout of the whole range hood are relatively novel, and after the fan adopts the ternary flow impeller, the fan structure is relatively compact, the size is relatively small, and the fan efficiency
  • the wind pressure is high, and the generated negative pressure gradient is large, which can effectively prevent the smoke from escaping, and can greatly improve the suction rate of the range hood.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a top suction type range hood according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a top suction range hood according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fan impeller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the fan impeller shown in Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view showing a blade rearward tilting of an air outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a blade air outlet side leaning forward according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the projection of the air inlet side of the blade on the meridional surface of the impeller according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the fan impeller shown in Figure 3;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the fan impeller shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 10 is a projection view of the blade on the meridional surface of the impeller in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a fan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective exploded view of the fan shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the fan of Figure 11 .
  • the top suction type range hood comprises a fan cover 1, a fan 2, a collecting hood 8, a rectifying plate 9 and the like, and the inside of the fan cover 1 is divided into a fan mounting chamber 4 and a rectifying chamber 5 through a transverse partition 3, and a rectifying chamber 5 is located below the fan installation chamber 4, the fan 2 is installed in the fan installation chamber 4, the air inlet 2a of the fan 2 faces downward and communicates with the rectification chamber 5, and the air inlet 2a of the fan 2 is disposed at the center of the top of the rectification chamber 5
  • the air outlet of the fan 2 may be in the middle or substantially centered position, and the structure of the hood 8 and the rectifying plate 9 may be a conventional structure, and the description will not be made here.
  • the longitudinal section of the rectifying chamber 5 has a trapezoidal structure with a short bottom and a long bottom.
  • the relationship between the height h1 of the rectifying chamber 5 and the diameter D of the air inlet 2a of the fan 2 is D ⁇ h1 ⁇ 3D.
  • a horizontally arranged rectifying net 6 is installed in the rectifying chamber 5, and the rectifying net 6 is provided with a filtering hole 61, the opening ratio of the rectifying net is >30%, and the rectifying net 6
  • the relationship between the first vertical distance h2 of the fan inlet 2a and the diameter D of the fan inlet 2a is h2 ⁇ D.
  • a sound attenuating hole 51 is opened in the cavity wall of the rectifying chamber 5, the opening ratio is > 5%, and a sound absorbing cotton is filled between the outer wall of the rectifying chamber 5 and the inner wall of the fan casing 1 7.
  • the impeller (installed in the fan 2) used in the embodiment of the top suction type range hood of the present invention, that is, the three-way flow impeller 20 is used.
  • the three-way flow impeller 20 is a closed impeller including a rear wheel 21, a blade 22 and a front cover 23, and the blade 22 is mounted between the rear wheel 21 and the front cover 23, and the blade 22 has 10 to 50 pieces, specifically
  • the bottom of the blade 22 is mounted on the disk surface of the rear wheel 21 and arranged in the circumferential direction of the rear wheel.
  • the outer side 221 of the blade 22 is the air outlet side, and the outer side 221 is on the outer circumference of the rear wheel.
  • the upper projection 221a and the rear wheel 21 The angle ⁇ between the circumferential normals 21a is -60° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 60°, the inner side 222 of the blade is the air inlet side, and the inner side 222 projects the rear wheel 222a on the outer circumferential surface of the rear wheel
  • the angle ⁇ between the outer circumference normal 21a of the disk 21 is 20° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 70°, and the line L1 between the bottom end of the outer side 221 and the center of the rear wheel 21 and the bottom side of the inner side 222 are rearward and rearward.
  • the angle L2 formed by the line L2 between the centers of the discs 21 is 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65°, and the apex P1 of the outer side 221 is opposite to the second vertical height h3 of the rear wheel 21 and the apex P2 of the inner side 222
  • the value of the third vertical height h4 of the rear wheel 21 is 0.2 ⁇ h3 / h4 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the outer side edges 221 of the blades 22 are distributed on the outer circumferential surface of the same cylinder, the inner side edges 222 of the blades 22 are inclined obliquely inward from the top, and the bottom edges 223 of the blades 22 are located on the same plane.
  • the top edge 224 of the blade 22 has a smooth transition structure.
  • the front cover 23 is mounted on the top of the blade, and a portion of the front cover 23 intersecting the meridian plane where the impeller shaft is located is formed with a first arc segment 231, a second arc segment 232, and a straight segment 233 which smoothly transition from the inside to the outside.
  • the relationship between the radius R1 of the first arc segment 231 and the radius R2 of the second arc segment 232 is 0.1 ⁇ R1/R2 ⁇ 0.6, the length L of the straight segment 233 and the radius of the second arc segment 232.
  • the relationship between R2 is 0.1 ⁇ L / R2 ⁇ 0.4.
  • the ternary flow is defined from the dimension of the design.
  • the ternary flow means that in the actual flow, all the flow parameters are the three-direction variable functions (x, y, z) of the spatial coordinate system. Since the actual flow of the gas is irregular, the binary flow (x, y) cannot truly reflect the actual flow trajectory of the gas, and the ternary flow can be truly reflected.
  • the aerodynamic shape of the blade is more reasonable, the flow acceleration zone is longer, the steady flow zone is relatively longer, and the number of blades is small, which can reduce losses such as inlet impact, outlet wake de-flow, gas separation, and closer to gas.
  • the real flow state so the efficiency is obviously improved, the static pressure is better, the ternary flow impeller has the characteristics of compressed air.
  • a large gradient negative pressure zone is formed at the air inlet 2a of the fan to improve the anti-interference ability, thereby effectively preventing the soot. escape.
  • the total suction pressure distribution of the top suction range hood at the fan inlet is better, and the total pressure loss is small.
  • the fan 2 used in the embodiment of the range hood of the present invention comprises a three-way flow impeller 20, a volute 24, a motor 25, an air inlet ring 26 and an air outlet cover 27, and a three-way flow impeller.
  • 20 is installed inside the volute 24, the output shaft of the motor 25 is vertically downward, the rear wheel 21 of the three-way flow impeller 20 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 25 and locked with a nut 28, and the air inlet ring 26 is mounted on the fan 2
  • the air inlet 2a is installed in cooperation with the front cover 23 of the three-way flow impeller 20.
  • the air outlet of the fan 2 faces upward and is offset at the side of the fan installation chamber 4, and the air outlet cover 27 is mounted on the air outlet, and the air outlet is installed.
  • the annular wall of the air outlet of the cover 27 is provided with a through hole 271 to make the annular wall of the air outlet have a mesh structure, thereby reducing the noise of the air outlet of the range hood.
  • the distance ⁇ between the rear wheel 21 and the volute wall 241 adjacent to the rear wheel is 1 mm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10 mm
  • the front cover 23 is sleeved outside the air inlet ring 26.
  • the vertical distance ⁇ between the front side edge of the front cover 23 and the outer side wall of the air inlet ring 26 is 0.5 mm ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 5 mm.
  • a fan can also be used.
  • the open impeller that is, the front cover in the closed impeller of the present embodiment is omitted, and the vent edge of the air hood can also be designed as a lobe type, which is considered to be within the protection scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种顶吸式吸油烟机，包括风机外罩（1）、风机（2）、集烟罩（8）、整流板（9），风机外罩（1）的内部通过横向隔板（3）分隔成风机安装腔（4）和整流腔（5），整流腔（5）位于风机安装腔（4）的下方，风机（2）安装在风机安装腔（4）内，风机（2）的进风口（2a）朝下并与整流腔（5）相连通，风机（2）的进风口（2a）设于整流腔（5）顶部的中央部位，风机（2）采用三元流叶轮（20），且风机（2）的进风口（2a）朝下并与整流腔（5）相连通，整流腔（5）的纵向截面呈上底短、下底长的梯形结构，整流腔（5）内安装有水平设置的整流网（6），在整流腔（5）的外壁与风机外罩（1）的内壁之间填充有吸音棉（7）。该吸油烟机的结构和空间布局较为新颖，而且风机（2）结构较为紧凑，尺寸相对较小，风机（2）效率和风压高，产生的负压梯度大，能有效防止油烟逃逸，提升吸油烟机的吸净率。

Description

一种顶吸式吸油烟机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸油烟机，尤其是涉及一种顶吸式吸油烟机。
背景技术
风机是吸油烟机的重要组成部分，风机的叶轮起到能量转换的作用，叶轮性能的好坏直接影响着吸油烟机的性能。随着行业发展，作为吸油烟机核心部件的风机系统同质化日趋严重，传统风机性能提升空间有限。目前，传统的吸油烟机用的风机叶轮一般为平板冲压成形后通过两端扣合连接，叶片一般只能做成均匀厚度的圆弧形，由于叶轮转速普遍超过800RPM，因而叶片之间实际的流体分离与回流较为明显。此外，对于顶吸式的吸油烟机而言，风机的进风口一般朝向正前方，风机的出风口朝上设置，即风机的进风口与风机出风口相互成90°，风机工作时，由于叶轮对气体有预旋作用以及气体在流入叶轮中进行90°转向过程中会逐步改变方向，单纯的前后一致进出口角度对于叶轮的实际做功能力是不利的。为了提高风机效率，虽然人们也在叶片结构上进行了不少改进，但这些改进述是局限于二元流动技术，风机的效率提高较为有限，无法从根本上克服二元叶轮所存在的缺陷，相应地，现有的吸油烟机普遍存在着静压偏低、有效风量偏小、抗干扰能力差和油烟逃逸的问题。综上所述，有待对现有的顶吸式吸油烟机结构作进一步改进。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对上述现有技术现状，提供一种结构新颖、能大幅提升静压值和有效风量的顶吸式吸油烟机。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：该顶吸式吸油烟机，包括有风机外罩，在所述风机外罩内安装有风机，其特征在于：所述的风机外罩内部被分隔成风机安装腔和整流腔，所述整流腔位于所述风机安装腔的下方，所述风机采用三元流叶轮，所述风机安装在风机安装腔内，风机的进风口朝下并与所述的整流腔相连通。
为了提高整流效果，优选地，所述的整流腔呈上端小、下端大的结构，所述风机的进风口设于整流腔顶部的中央部位。
进一步优选，所述整流腔的纵向截面呈上底短、下底长的梯形结构，所述整流腔的高度h1与风机进风口的直径D之间的取值关系为D≤h1≤3D。
为了提高整流腔的整流效果，在所述的整流腔内安装有水平设置的整流网，所述整 流网与风机进风口的第一垂直距离h2与风机进风口的直径D之间的取值关系为h2＜D。
为了减小吸油烟机的工作噪音，在所述整流腔的腔壁上开有消音孔，在所述整流腔的外壁与所述风机外罩的内壁之间填充有吸音棉。
进一步优选，所述的三元流叶轮包括后轮盘和叶片，所述叶片的底部安装在后轮盘的盘面上并沿着后轮盘的圆周方向依次排列，所述叶片的外侧边为出风口边，所述外侧边在后轮盘外圆周面上的投影与后轮盘外圆周法线之间的夹角α范围为-60°≤α≤60°，所述叶片的内侧边为进风口边，所述内侧边在后轮盘外圆周面上投影的与后轮盘外圆周法线之间的夹角β范围为20°≤β≤70°，所述外侧边底端与后轮盘圆心之间的连线与所述内侧边底端与后轮盘圆心之间的连线所形成的夹角θ范围为10°≤θ≤65°，所述外侧边顶点相对于后轮盘的第二垂直高度h3与所述内侧边顶点相对于后轮盘的第三垂直高度h4的取值关系为0.2≤h3/h4≤0.8。三元流叶轮采用上述结构后，风机的气动性能更好，风机效率和风压更高，产生的负压梯度更大。
进一步优选，该三元流叶轮还包括有安装在叶片顶部的前盖，在所述前盖与叶轮转轴所在的子午面相交的部分形成有自内而外依次圆滑过渡的第一圆弧段、第二圆弧段和直线段，所述第一圆弧段的半径R1与第二圆弧段的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤R1/R2≤0.6，所述直线段的长度L与第二圆弧段的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤L/R2≤0.4。这样，该三元流叶轮为闭式叶轮，叶片安装在后轮盘与前盖之间。
风机可以有多种结构，优选地，所述风机包括有所述的三元流叶轮、蜗壳、电机、进风口圈和出风罩，所述三元流叶轮安装在蜗壳内部，所述电机的输出轴竖直朝下，所述三元流叶轮的后轮盘安装在所述电机的输出轴上，所述的进风口圈安装在风机的进风口并与三元流叶轮的前盖配合安装，所述风机的出风口朝上并偏置在所述风机安装腔的侧部，所述的出风罩安装在所述的出风口上。
为了进一步提高风机效率，所述后轮盘与邻近该后轮盘的蜗壳壁之间的间距δ为1mm≤δ≤10mm，所述前盖套设在进风口圈外，且前盖的前侧边沿与所述进风口圈外侧壁间的垂直距离Δ为0.5mm≤Δ≤5mm。
为了降低吸油烟机的工作噪音，所述出风罩的出风口边沿呈波瓣型，或者在出风罩的出风口环形壁上开有通孔而使出风口环形壁呈网孔结构。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：该顶吸式吸油烟机的风机外罩内部分隔成风机安装腔和位于风机安装腔下方的整流腔，安装在风机安装腔内的风机采用三元流叶轮，且风机的进风口朝下并与整流腔相连通，整个吸油烟机的结构和空间布局较为新颖，而且风机采用三元流叶轮后，风机结构较为紧凑，尺寸相对较小，风机效率和风压高，产生的负压梯度大，能有效防止油烟逃逸，能大幅提升吸油烟机的吸净率。
附图说明
图1为本发明顶吸式吸油烟机的实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明顶吸式吸油烟机的实施例的剖视图；
图3为本发明实施例中风机叶轮的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示风机叶轮的侧视图；
图5为本发明实施例中叶片出风口边后倾的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中叶片出风口边前倾的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中叶片进风口边在叶轮子午面上的投影示意图；
图8为图3所示风机叶轮的剖视图；
图9为图3所示风机叶轮的剖视图；
图10为本发明实施例中叶片在叶轮子午面上的投影图；
图11为本发明实施例中风机的结构示意图；
图12为图11所示风机的立体分解示意图；
图13为图11所示风机的剖视图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。
如图1和图2所示，为本发明顶吸式吸油烟机的一个优选实施例。该顶吸式吸油烟机包括风机外罩1、风机2、集烟罩8、整流板9等主要部件，风机外罩1的内部通过横向隔板3分隔成风机安装腔4和整流腔5，整流腔5位于风机安装腔4的下方，风机2安装在风机安装腔4内，风机2的进风口2a朝下并与整流腔5相连通，风机2的进风口2a设于整流腔5顶部的中央部位，比如可以正中间或者大致居中的位置，风机2的出风口朝上，集烟罩8和整流板9的结构为现有常规结构，在此不展开描述。
本实施例中，整流腔5的纵向截面呈上底短、下底长的梯形结构，整流腔5的高度h1与风机2进风口2a的直径D之间的取值关系为D≤h1≤3D。此外，为了进一步提高整流腔的整流效果，在整流腔5内安装有水平设置的整流网6，整流网6上开有过滤孔61，整流网的开孔率为＞30％，并且，整流网6与风机进风口2a的第一垂直距离h2与风机进风口2a的直径D之间的取值关系为h2＜D。为了有效降低风机工作时的噪音，在整流腔5的腔壁上开有消音孔51，开孔率＞5％，并且，在整流腔5的外壁与风机外罩1的内壁之间填充有吸音棉7。
如图3至图10所示，为本发明顶吸式吸油烟机实施例所采用的(安装在风机2内)的叶轮，即，三元流叶轮20。该三元流叶轮20为闭式叶轮，其包括有后轮盘21、叶片22和前盖23，叶片22安装在后轮盘21与前盖23之间，叶片22有10～50片，具体地，叶片22底部安装在后轮盘21的盘面上并沿着后轮盘的圆周方向依次排列，叶片22的外侧边221为出风口边，且外侧边221在后轮盘外圆周面上的投影221a与后轮盘21外 圆周法线21a之间的夹角α为-60°≤α≤60°，叶片的内侧边222为进风口边，且内侧边222在后轮盘外圆周面上投影222a的与后轮盘21外圆周法线21a之间的夹角β为20°≤β≤70°，且外侧边221底端与后轮盘21圆心之间的连线L1与内侧边222底端与后轮盘21圆心之间的连线L2所形成夹角θ为10°≤θ≤65°，外侧边221顶点P1相对于后轮盘21的第二垂直高度h3与内侧边222顶点P2相对于后轮盘21的第三垂直高度h4的取值关系为0.2≤h3/h4≤0.8。
另外，本实施例中，叶片22的外侧边221分布在同一圆柱的外周面上，叶片22的内侧边222自上而下斜向内倾斜，叶片22的底边223位于同一平面上，叶片22的顶边224呈圆滑过渡结构。
前盖23安装在叶片的顶部，在前盖23与叶轮转轴所在的子午面相交的部分形成有自内而外依次圆滑过渡的第一圆弧段231、第二圆弧段232和直线段233，第一圆弧段231的半径R1与第二圆弧段232的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤R1/R2≤0.6，直线段233的长度L与第二圆弧段232的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤L/R2≤0.4。
三元流是从设计的维度上定义，三元流是指在实际流动中，所有的流动参数都是空间坐标系三个方向变量函数(x、y、z)。由于气体的实际流动是不规则的，因此二元流(x、y)不能真实反映气体的实际流动轨迹，而三元流动则能真实反映。
采用上述三元流叶轮后，叶片气动外形更合理，流动加速区更长，稳流区相对较长，叶片数少，可以减少进口冲击、出口尾迹脱流、气体分离等损失，更接近气体的真实流动状态，因此效率明显提升，静压力更好，三元流叶轮具有压缩空气的特性，工作时，在风机进风口2a形成一个大梯度的负压区来提升抗干扰能力，从而有效防止油烟逃逸。经试验，该顶吸式吸油烟机在风机进口的总压分布均匀性较好，总压损失较小。
如图11至图13所示，本发明吸油烟机实施例所采用的风机2，包括有三元流叶轮20、蜗壳24、电机25、进风口圈26和出风罩27，三元流叶轮20安装在蜗壳24内部，电机25的输出轴竖直朝下，三元流叶轮20的后轮盘21安装在电机25的输出轴上并用螺母28锁紧，进风口圈26安装在风机2的进风口2a并与三元流叶轮20的前盖23配合安装，风机2的出风口朝上并偏置在风机安装腔4的侧部，出风罩27安装在出风口上，且出风罩27出风口环形壁上开有通孔271而使出风口环形壁呈网孔结构，从而降低吸油烟机出风口的噪音。此外，为了使风机具有更高的效率，后轮盘21与邻近该后轮盘的蜗壳壁241之间的间距δ为1mm≤δ≤10mm，前盖23套设在进风口圈26外，且前盖23的前侧边沿与进风口圈26外侧壁间的垂直距离Δ为0.5mm≤Δ≤5mm。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的原理前提下，可以对本发明进行多种改型或改进，比如风机还可以采用开式叶轮，即省去本实施例的闭式叶轮中的前盖，又比如还可以将出风罩的出风口边沿设计成波瓣型，这些均被视为本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种顶吸式吸油烟机，包括有风机外罩(1)，在所述风机外罩(1)内安装有风机(2)，其特征在于：所述的风机外罩(1)内部被分隔成风机安装腔(4)和整流腔(5)，所述整流腔(5)位于所述风机安装腔(4)的下方，所述风机(2)采用三元流叶轮(20)，所述风机(2)安装在风机安装腔(4)内，风机(2)的进风口(2a)朝下并与所述的整流腔(5)相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述的整流腔(5)呈上端小、下端大的结构，所述风机(2)的进风口(2a)设于整流腔(5)顶部的中央部位。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述整流腔(5)的纵向截面呈上底短、下底长的梯形结构，所述整流腔(5)的高度h1与风机(2)进风口(2a)的直径D之间的取值关系为D≤h1≤3D。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：在所述的整流腔(5)内安装有水平设置的整流网(6)，所述整流网(6)与风机进风口(2a)的第一垂直距离h2与风机进风口(2a)的直径D之间的取值关系为h2＜D。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：在所述整流腔(5)的腔壁上开有消音孔(51)，在所述整流腔(5)的外壁与所述风机外罩(1)的内壁之间填充有吸音棉(7)。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一权利要求所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述的三元流叶轮(20)包括后轮盘(21)和叶片(22)，所述叶片(22)的底部安装在后轮盘(21)的盘面上并沿着后轮盘的圆周方向依次排列，所述叶片(22)的外侧边(221)为出风口边，所述外侧边(221)在后轮盘外圆周面上的投影(221a)与后轮盘(21)外圆周法线(21a)之间的夹角α范围为-60°≤α≤60°，所述叶片(22)的内侧边(222)为进风口边，所述内侧边(222)在后轮盘外圆周面上投影(222a)的与后轮盘(21)外圆周法线(21a)之间的夹角β范围为20°≤β≤70°，所述外侧边(221)底端与后轮盘(21)圆心之间的连线(L1)与所述内侧边(222)底端与后轮盘(21)圆心之间的连线(L2)所形成的夹角θ范围为10°≤θ≤65°，所述外侧边(221)顶点(P1)相对于后轮盘(21)的第二垂直高度h3与所述内侧边(222)顶点(P2)相对于后轮盘(21)的第三垂直高度h4的取值关系为0.2≤h3/h4≤0.8。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：还包括有安装在叶片(22)顶部的前盖(23)，在所述前盖(23)与叶轮转轴所在的子午面相交的部分形成有自内而外依次圆滑过渡的第一圆弧段(231)、第二圆弧段(232)和直线段(233)，所述第一圆弧段(231)的半径R1与第二圆弧段(232)的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤R1/R2≤0.6，所述直线段(233)的长度L与第二圆弧段(232)的半径R2之间的取值关系为0.1≤L/R2≤0.4。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述风机(2)包括有所述的三元流叶轮(20)、蜗壳(24)、电机(25)、进风口圈(26)和出风罩(27)，所述三元流叶轮(20)安装在蜗壳(24)内部，所述电机(25)的输出轴竖直朝下，所述三元流叶轮(20)的后轮盘(21) 安装在所述电机(25)的输出轴上，所述的进风口圈(26)安装在风机(2)的进风口(2a)并与三元流叶轮(20)的前盖(23)配合安装，所述风机(2)的出风口(2a)朝上并偏置在风机安装腔(4)的侧部，所述的出风罩(27)安装在所述的出风口(2a)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述后轮盘(21)与邻近该后轮盘的蜗壳壁(241)之间的间距δ为1mm≤δ≤10mm，所述前盖(23)套设在进风口圈(26)外，且前盖(23)的前侧边沿与所述进风口圈(26)外侧壁间的垂直距离Δ为0.5mm≤Δ≤5mm。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的顶吸式吸油烟机，其特征在于：所述出风罩(27)的出风口边沿呈波瓣型，或者在出风罩(27)的出风口环形壁上开有通孔(271)而使出风口环形壁呈网孔结构。
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