WO2017114370A1 - Hydrogen ion gas-filled aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a hydrogen ion gas-filled aircraft composed of a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, a sealed container, a light source, an electric field and a propeller. The cylinder is made of plastic, and is connected to the sealed container through a valve; during lift-off, a valve of the sealed container is opened, hydrogen ions enter the cylinder, and the cylinder expands; when the density of the hydrogen ions in the cylinder is lower than the density of air outside the cylinder, the aircraft is provided with a lift force; a light source is mounted inside the cylinder; during landing, the light source is used to irradiate the hydrogen ions so as to generate an attractive force between the hydrogen ions, the pressure in the cylinder is lowered, and the external atmospheric pressure compresses a piston of the cylinder so that the volume of the cylinder is reduced and the density of the hydrogen ions in the cylinder is increased; and when the density of the hydrogen ions in the cylinder is higher than the density of the air outside the cylinder, the aircraft lands; and the hydrogen ions enter the sealed container under the action of the electric field force, the valve is closed, and the cylinder is retracted. The flight speed and direction of the aircraft are controlled by controlling the propeller. The aircraft is low in cost and not easy to explode, and is suitable for use as a personal aircraft.

Description

Hydrogen-charged ion vehicle Technical field

This type of aircraft consists of a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, a sealed container, a light source, an electric field and a propeller. The multi-stage telescopic cylinder is made of plastic, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is connected with the sealed container through the valve; when lifting, the valve of the sealed container is opened, the hydrogen ions enter the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder expands, when the hydrogen in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder When the ion density is less than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft obtains lift; the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is equipped with a light source, and when landing, the hydrogen ion is irradiated by the light source to make the hydrogen ions in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder attractive, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder The internal pressure is reduced, the external atmospheric pressure oppresses the piston of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the volume of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced, and the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is increased. When the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than the external air of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder At the time of density, the aircraft landed and the aircraft descended. Under the action of the electric field force, hydrogen ions were introduced into the sealed container, the valve was closed, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder was closed. Control the speed and direction of the aircraft by controlling the propeller.

Background technique

We know that hydrogen-filled aircraft are easy to explode, and the cost of a gas-filled aircraft is too high, and that the hydrogen-filled and helium-filled aircraft still take up a lot of space after landing, which is not suitable for personal aircraft.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a hydrogen-filled ion gas aircraft, which is composed of a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, a sealed container, a light source, an electric field and a propeller. Multi-stage telescopic cylinders are made of plastic, such as nylon or Kevlar. The multi-stage telescopic cylinder is connected to the sealed container through the valve; when lifting, the valve of the sealed container is opened, the hydrogen ions enter the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder expands. After the expansion, the internal pressure of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than or equal to the external of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder. Atmospheric pressure, when the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is less than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft obtains lift and lifts off; the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is equipped with a light source, and when landing, the light source is used to illuminate the hydrogen ion at the incident light. Under irradiation, hydrogen ions will be forced to vibrate. When the direction of the electric field strength of the incident light and the electric moment of the two oscillating hydrogen ions are on the same radial line and in the same direction, the attraction between the oscillating hydrogen ions is attractive. The average kinetic energy of the irregular thermal motion of the hydrogen ions is reduced, and the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced. When the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the external atmospheric pressure presses the piston of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder to make the multi-stage telescopic cylinder The volume is reduced, and the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is increased. When the density of hydrogen ions in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than that of the multi-stage extension Outside the cylinder air density, aircraft landing; hermetically sealed container made of glass or plastic, an electric field in a sealed vessel, after the landing of the aircraft, hydrogen ions into the sealed vessel, closing the valve, a multi-stage telescopic cylinder stowed under the electrostatic force. Control the speed and direction of the aircraft by controlling the propeller.

Such an aircraft can also be charged with other ionic gases, such as nitrogen ion gas or oxygen ion gas.

The attraction between the oscillating hydrogen ions and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder pressure reduction are based on the following principles:

Hydrogen ions are positively charged. Under the illumination of incident light, the hydrogen ions will be forced to vibrate, similar to an oscillating electric dipole, and will emit secondary electromagnetic waves.

When the direction of the electric field intensity of the incident light and the electric moment of the two oscillating electric dipoles are on the same radial straight line and in the same direction, the two oscillating electric dipoles are mutually attracted radial forces, that is, The two oscillating hydrogen ions are mutually attracted radial forces.

According to the electromagnetic theory of light, light is generated by accelerating charge. High-speed accelerating charge is usually only found in electron accelerators and other high-energy particle accelerators or in space. Ordinary laboratory sources, such as ultraviolet light, can be thought of as being generated by low-speed accelerating charges. Low-speed accelerating charges can be considered as oscillating electric dipoles. .

Let the incident light be generated by the low-speed accelerating charge, and set the low-speed acceleration charge to be Q, the amplitude is a, and the frequency is ω, then the radiant electric field of the oscillating electric dipole is

Where ε ₀ is the vacuum dielectric constant, c is the vacuum speed of light, and R is the distance from the observation point to the center of the oscillating electric dipole.

make

Then the formula (1) becomes

将会使氢离子作受迫振动，类似于一个振荡电偶极子，它的振荡频率等于入射光的频率ω，并发射次级电磁波。Electric field strength

The hydrogen ion will be forced to vibrate, similar to an oscillating electric dipole whose oscillation frequency is equal to the frequency ω of the incident light and emits secondary electromagnetic waves.

Let the charge of hydrogen ion 1 be q _e and the amplitude be l ₁ . In the spherical coordinates, the electric field strength and magnetic field strength of the near-field of the oscillating hydrogen ion 1 are:

Where r is the distance from the observation point to the center of the oscillating hydrogen ion 1, r>>l ₁ , r<<λ, λ is the wavelength of the incident light.

沿

方向时，θ＝0，公式(4)、(5)和(6)变为Let the oscillating hydrogen ion 2 be at the observation point, so the distance between the oscillating hydrogen ion 1 and the oscillating hydrogen ion 2 is r. Electric field strength

along

In the direction, θ = 0, and equations (4), (5), and (6) become

和

作用下作简谐受迫振动，其振荡频率等于入射光的频率ω，并将发射次级电磁波。设其质量为m_e，带电量为q_e，振幅为l₂，则振荡氢离子2在

方向上的运动方程为：Oscillating hydrogen ion 2 at electric field strength

with

Under the action, the harmonic vibration is forced, the oscillation frequency is equal to the frequency ω of the incident light, and the secondary electromagnetic wave will be emitted. Which is set mass m _e, charge amount q _e, amplitude l _2, 2 hydrogen ions in the oscillation

The equation of motion in the direction is:

Where ω ₀ is the natural frequency of the oscillating hydrogen ion 2, and γ is the damping coefficient.

Because γ<<ω, so

并沿

方向，则Since the oscillating hydrogen ion 2 can be considered as an oscillating electric dipole, the electric dipole moment of the oscillating hydrogen ion 2 is defined as

And along

Direction, then

和距离r没有关系，因此不会给振荡氢离子2

方向的力。Electric field strength

Has nothing to do with distance r, so it will not give oscillating hydrogen ions 2

Direction of force.

将会给振荡氢离子2

方向的力F_N，电场强度

振荡氢离子1和振荡氢离子2的电矩沿

连线且同向，Near-field electric field strength of oscillating hydrogen ion 1

Will give oscillating hydrogen ions 2

Directional force F _N , electric field strength

The electric moment along the oscillating hydrogen ion 1 and the oscillating hydrogen ion 2

Connected and in the same direction,

In the middle

方向上的吸引力。It can be seen from the formula (16) that in the near region, there is a relationship between the oscillating hydrogen ion 1 and the oscillating hydrogen ion 2

The attraction in the direction.

方向上的吸引力F_N可在直角坐标上分解为F_Nx、F_Ny和F_Nz：This one

The attractive force F _N in the direction can be decomposed into F _Nx , F _Ny and F _Nz on the Cartesian coordinates:

There is a Coulomb repulsion F _C between hydrogen ion 1 and hydrogen ion 2:

The Coulomb repulsion F _C can be decomposed into F _Cx , F _Cy , F _Cz in Cartesian coordinates :

Because the volume of hydrogen ions is very small, hydrogen ions can be regarded as mass points. Except for the collision moment, the interaction between hydrogen ions is negligible. The hydrogen kinetic energy is conserved before and after the collision. Therefore, the pressure P has the following relationship:

和

是各速度分量的平方的平均值，m_e是氢离子质量，k_B是玻尔兹曼常数，T是绝对温度。Where n is the hydrogen ion number density,

with

Is the average of the squares of the velocity components, m _e is the mass of the hydrogen ions, k _B is the Boltzmann constant, and T is the absolute temperature.

Because

Since A can be controlled,

When ω>>ω ₀ ,

due to

Integral (32) and (33) are available,

Since A, l ₁ and r can be controlled, when

Time,

V _x1 -V _x0 <0 (38)

P ₁ -P ₀ <0 (39)

when

Time,

V _x1 =0, P ₁ =0 (41)

because

and so

V _x = 0 (43)

The same reason

V _y =0, V _z =0 (44)

It can be seen from the above principle that under the irradiation of incident light, an attractive force is generated between the oscillating hydrogen ions, and the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced to zero. However, due to the presence of impurities, the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder cannot be truly reduced to zero.

It can be known from the above principle that the attraction between the oscillating hydrogen ions can be controlled by controlling the frequency of the incident light, the charge amount and amplitude of the acceleration charge generating the incident light, and the distance between the light source and the oscillating hydrogen ions, thereby controlling the landing of the aircraft. speed.

The smaller the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the greater the lift obtained, but the multi-stage telescopic cylinder after expansion should be greater than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, so through the illumination and control of hydrogen ions Density and the stroke of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder piston to control the lift obtained. When the aircraft is lifted off, the hydrogen ion is accelerated by the electric field force to increase the hydrogen ion velocity, so that the multi-stage telescopic cylinder expands and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder pressure is greater than or equal to Multi-stage telescopic cylinder external atmospheric pressure.

detailed description

A specific embodiment is described below, and the specific embodiment is not limited to this example.

If there is air in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder and the sealed container, the thermal kinetic energy of the air molecules will affect the pressure of the hydrogen ion gas. Therefore, the multi-stage telescopic cylinder and the sealed container should be vacuumed to make the pressure inside the multi-stage telescopic cylinder and the sealed container. Less than 1P _a . After vacuuming, the hydrogen ion gas is injected. In order to make the oscillating hydrogen ions in the near field of each other, the average distance between the hydrogen ions in the multistage telescopic cylinder and the sealed container should be much smaller than the wavelength of the incident light, r<<λ. Because the average distance r between hydrogen ions and the hydrogen ion number density n have the following relationship:

Therefore, the hydrogen ion number density n and the incident light wavelength λ have the following relationship:

That is, the cube of the hydrogen ion number density is much larger than the incident light wavelength. The required number of hydrogen ions is known from the wavelength of the incident light.

Since hydrogen ions are generated from gas ionization, the hydrogen molecules have two hydrogen ions, and there are 6.023 × 10 ²³ hydrogen molecules per mole of hydrogen. From the wavelength of the incident light, the number of moles of hydrogen that needs to be ionized is known.

Due to the illumination, the hydrogen ion gas pressure is reduced, the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced in volume, the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is increased, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is made of plastic, such as nylon or Kevlar.

Because the sealed container is filled with hydrogen ion gas, the sealed container is made of glass or plastic, and the sealing tube is wrapped with heat insulating material to prevent the pressure of hydrogen ion gas from increasing after heat absorption.

When lifting off, open the sealed container valve, hydrogen ions enter the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, multi-stage telescopic cylinder expands, after expansion, the multi-stage telescopic cylinder pressure is greater than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, when the hydrogen ion in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder When the density is less than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft gains lift and lifts off.

Control the speed and direction of the aircraft by controlling the propeller.

The multi-stage telescopic cylinder is equipped with a light source. When landing, the light source is used to illuminate the hydrogen ions, so that the attraction between the oscillating hydrogen ions is generated. The attraction force reduces the average kinetic energy of the irregular thermal motion of the hydrogen ions, and the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced. When the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the external atmospheric pressure presses the piston of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, so that the volume of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced, and the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is increased, when the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is inside. When the hydrogen ion density is greater than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft descends.

The buoyancy of the aircraft is controlled by the use of light and the movement of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder piston.

There is an electric field in the sealed container. After the aircraft descends, the hydrogen ions enter the sealed container under the action of the electric field force, the valve is closed, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is collected.

references:

1,

BingXin Gong, 2013, The light controlled fusion, Annals of Nuclear Energy, 62 (2013), 57–60.

Claims (4)

An apparatus for charging hydrogen ion gas, characterized in that: the hydrogen-charged ion gas aircraft is composed of a multi-stage telescopic cylinder, a sealed container, a light source, an electric field and a propeller; the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is made of plastic, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder passes The valve is connected with the sealed container; when lifting, the valve of the sealed container is opened, the hydrogen ions enter the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and the multi-stage telescopic cylinder expands. After the expansion, the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder. When the hydrogen ion density in the stage telescopic cylinder is less than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft obtains lift and lifts off; the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is equipped with a light source. When landing, the light source is used to irradiate hydrogen ions, and under the irradiation of incident light, hydrogen ions Forced vibration will occur. When the direction of the electric field strength of the incident light and the electric moment of the two oscillating hydrogen ions are on the same radial line and in the same direction, the attraction between the oscillating hydrogen ions is attractive, and the attraction force makes the hydrogen ions irregular. The average kinetic energy of the thermal motion is reduced, and the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is reduced, when the external atmospheric pressure is greater than the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder The external atmospheric pressure oppresses the piston of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, which reduces the volume of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and increases the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder. When the hydrogen ion density in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than the external air density of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder, the aircraft The sealed container is made of glass or plastic. The sealed container has an electric field. After the aircraft descends, the hydrogen ions enter the sealed container under the action of the electric field force, close the valve, and close the multi-stage telescopic cylinder; control the aircraft by controlling the propeller. Flight speed and direction. The hydrogen-charged ion-gas aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydrogen-charged ion-gas aircraft can also be filled with nitrogen ion gas or oxygen ion gas or other ion gas. The hydrogen-filled ion gas-based aircraft according to claim 1, wherein the oscillating hydrogen is controlled by controlling a frequency of incident light, a charge amount and amplitude of an acceleration charge for generating incident light, and a distance between the light source and the oscillating hydrogen ion. The attraction between the ions to control the landing speed of the aircraft. The apparatus for charging hydrogen ion gas according to claim 1, wherein the obtained lift is controlled by illumination and controlling the hydrogen ion density and the stroke of the multistage telescopic cylinder piston, and the hydrogen ion is accelerated by the electric field force when the aircraft is lifted off. The hydrogen ion velocity is increased, and the pressure in the multi-stage telescopic cylinder after the expansion of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder is greater than or equal to the external atmospheric pressure of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder.