WO2017168650A1 - 圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機 - Google Patents
圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017168650A1 WO2017168650A1 PCT/JP2016/060477 JP2016060477W WO2017168650A1 WO 2017168650 A1 WO2017168650 A1 WO 2017168650A1 JP 2016060477 W JP2016060477 W JP 2016060477W WO 2017168650 A1 WO2017168650 A1 WO 2017168650A1
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- Prior art keywords
- scroll
- flow path
- axis
- compressor
- winding
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
- F05D2250/52—Outlet
Definitions
- This invention relates to a compressor scroll and a centrifugal compressor.
- a centrifugal compressor used in a compressor such as a turbocharger imparts kinetic energy to a fluid by rotating an impeller, and discharges the fluid radially outward to cause centrifugal force to act on the fluid to increase the pressure of the fluid. Raise.
- This type of centrifugal compressor generally has a diffuser and a scroll on the radially outer side of the impeller. The diffuser reduces the fluid flow rate. The scroll is formed in a spiral shape and guides the fluid discharged from the diffuser to the outlet channel.
- Patent Document 1 in order to satisfy the demand for high pressure ratio and high efficiency in a wide operating range, the cross-sectional shape of the flow path connection portion where the scroll start and the end of winding intersect is made flat, A technique for gradually returning the cross-sectional shape of the scroll to a circle from the beginning toward the end of winding is described.
- Patent Document 2 describes a technique in which the cross-sectional shape at the beginning of scrolling is a shape similar to a triangle, mainly for improving efficiency at a small flow rate operating point.
- centrifugal compressors realization of a high pressure ratio and improvement of efficiency in the entire region from the large flow rate operation point to the small flow rate operation point are desired.
- the centrifugal compressors of Patent Documents 1 and 2 can improve the efficiency at the small flow rate operating point, the efficiency improvement at the large flow rate operating point is not considered.
- the fluid diffuser outlet flow has a velocity component in the radial direction of the impeller larger than that in the circumferential direction of the impeller. Therefore, the diffuser outlet flow intersects at an angle close to a right angle with respect to the ridge line portion formed at the portion where the scroll start and end of the scroll are connected. In this way, when the diffuser outlet flow intersects the ridgeline portion, fluid separation occurs at the ridgeline portion, resulting in a large loss.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a compressor scroll capable of improving efficiency at a large flow rate operating point, and a centrifugal compressor.
- the compressor scroll extends in the circumferential direction with the axis as the center, and the winding start portion and the winding end portion intersect and communicate with each other, and the first side in the axial direction And a scroll flow path forming portion that forms a scroll flow path through which a fluid flows from a diffuser outlet formed radially inward with the axis as the center.
- the compressor scroll further includes an outlet channel forming portion that communicates with the winding end portion of the scroll channel and forms an outlet channel that extends in a tangential direction of a circle around the axis.
- the scroll flow path forming portion is a bulge that bulges the scroll flow path toward the winding start portion side in the radial direction at least at the winding end portion at a portion where the winding start portion and the winding end portion intersect. Provide an exit.
- intersects the winding start part can be enlarged. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the rise of the ridge line portion formed by the intersection of the winding start portion and the winding end portion, and suppress the occurrence of peeling. Therefore, it is possible to improve the efficiency by reducing the loss at the large flow rate operating point.
- the compressor scroll bulges from the bulging portion toward at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the scroll flow path from the bulging portion.
- the bulging portion in the first or second aspect may include a curved surface having an elliptical cross section in which the major axis extends toward the side close to the axis.
- the bulging portion since the bulging portion has a curved surface having an elliptical cross section, the scroll channel can be bulged without increasing the dimension in the axial direction.
- the compressor scroll has the bulging portion in any one of the first to third aspects expanded to the side closest to the axis in the cross section orthogonal to the scroll flow path.
- the protruding vertex portion may be arranged on the second side opposite to the first side in the direction in which the axis extends, rather than the intermediate position of the maximum width dimension of the winding end portion in the direction in which the axis extends. .
- the fluid flow rate increases at the large flow rate operating point described above. Therefore, when the flow rate of the fluid is used as a reference, it seems that the flow path cross-sectional area of the scroll flow path is relatively reduced. Thereby, especially the swirl component of the fluid in the winding end part may increase.
- the diffuser outlet flow and the swirl flow toward the outlet at the end of the winding interfere with each other, causing separation and increasing the loss.
- the radius of curvature on the second side can be made larger than that on the first side with respect to the apex position. That is, the radius of curvature of the inner peripheral surface of the bulging portion can be rapidly increased on the second side. Therefore, the swirling component can be reduced by collision of the swirling flow in a form that is nearly perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface due to the increase in the radius of curvature. As a result, separation due to collision (interference) between the swirling component and the diffuser outlet flow can be suppressed.
- the bulging portion is formed at least partially on the inner peripheral surface thereof, and a cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the scroll flow path is formed linearly. May be provided.
- the compressor scroll has the linear portion from the apex portion where the bulging portion in the fifth aspect bulges most on the side close to the axis to the first side in the axial direction. May be formed.
- the compressor scroll may include a diffuser connecting portion to which the diffuser is connected. Furthermore, the linear portion may be formed so as to gradually move from the second side in the axial direction toward the first side from the upstream side to the downstream side of the scroll flow path.
- a linear part can be arrange
- the winding start portion in any one of the first to seventh aspects is arranged on the outermost side in the radial direction centering on the axis. From the apex part, in the direction in which the axis extends, the channel width in the direction in which the axis extends extends gradually toward the second apex arranged on the second side, and the second apex is Further, it may be arranged on the inner side in the radial direction from the midpoint of the maximum flow path width in the radial direction.
- the centrifugal compressor includes an impeller, a diffuser, and the compressor scroll according to any one of the first to seventh aspects. By comprising in this way, the performance of a centrifugal compressor can be improved.
- FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 2. It is sectional drawing corresponded in FIG. 3 in 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 3 in the modification of 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the position of 360 degree
- the centrifugal compressor in this embodiment is used as a compressor such as a turbocharger mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the centrifugal compressor 1A of this embodiment compresses air taken from the outside and supplies the compressed air to an internal combustion engine (not shown).
- the centrifugal compressor 1A mainly includes a rotating shaft 2, an impeller 3, and a compressor housing 4A.
- the rotating shaft 2 is formed in a column shape extending in the direction of the axis O around the axis O.
- the rotary shaft 2 is rotatably supported, for example, via a thrust bearing and a journal bearing housed in a bearing casing (not shown).
- the impeller 3 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 2.
- the impeller 3 includes a disk 3a and a blade 3b.
- the disk 3a is formed in a disk shape centered on the axis O. More specifically, the disc 3a has an axis line as it goes from one side (second side; left side in FIG. 1) to the other side (first side; right side in FIG. 1) of the rotation shaft 2 in the axis O direction. It is formed so as to gradually expand in the radial direction centered on O.
- the blade 3b is formed on a surface facing one side of the disk 3a in the axis O direction, and a plurality of blades 3b are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the axis O. Further, these blades 3b extend away from the disk 3a and are arranged radially about the axis O.
- the compressor housing 4A includes a suction flow path forming part 5, an impeller chamber forming part 6, a diffuser part 7A, a scroll flow path forming part 8A, and an outlet flow path forming part 9 (see FIG. 2).
- the suction flow path forming part 5 forms a suction flow path 5a that guides the fluid introduced from the outside of the compressor housing 4A to the space 6a of the impeller chamber forming part 6.
- the suction flow path forming part 5 is formed in a cylindrical shape that opens to one side in the direction of the axis O.
- the impeller chamber forming portion 6 forms a space 6a for accommodating the impeller 3 described above.
- the impeller chamber forming portion 6 has an inner peripheral surface 6b that faces the blade 3b with a slight gap.
- the inner peripheral surface 6b is formed so as to gradually increase in diameter in the radial direction around the axis O as it goes from one side to the other side of the rotary shaft 2 in the axis O direction.
- the diffuser portion 7A forms a diffuser flow path 7a that extends radially outward from the radially outer end of the space 6a with the axis O as the center.
- the diffuser channel 7a is formed so that the channel cross-sectional area gradually increases toward the radially outer side. As a result, the diffuser flow path 7a recovers the pressure of the fluid sent from the impeller chamber forming portion 6 toward the radially outer side.
- the diffuser channel 7a and the scroll channel 8a communicate with each other in the circumferential direction with the axis O as the center.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the scroll flow path forming portion and the outlet flow path forming portion in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8A is a scroll that smoothly guides the fluid discharged from the diffuser flow path 7a toward the radially outer side centering on the axis O to the outlet flow path 9a.
- a flow path 8a is formed.
- the scroll flow path 8a is formed to extend in the circumferential direction around the axis O, and has a winding start portion 10 at one end in the circumferential direction and a winding end portion 11 at the other end.
- the winding start portion 10 points to a predetermined range from one end in the circumferential direction of the scroll flow path 8a, and the winding end portion 11 points to a range overlapping the winding start portion 10 on the other end side in the circumferential direction of the scroll flow path 8a. Yes.
- the scroll channel 8a is formed so that the channel cross-sectional area gradually increases in the fluid flow direction from the winding start portion 10 toward the winding end portion 11. Moreover, the winding start part 10 and the winding end part 11 cross
- a portion where the winding start portion 10 and the winding end portion 11 intersect is referred to as a tongue portion 12.
- the outlet channel forming part 9 forms an outlet channel 9a communicating with the winding end part 11 of the scroll channel 8a.
- the outlet channel 9 a extends from the winding end portion 11 in a tangential direction of a circle centering on the axis O.
- the outlet channel 9a is formed in a cylindrical shape extending linearly.
- the outlet flow path forming portion 9 indicates a portion disposed on the outlet side from the broken line shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
- the winding start portion 10 gradually becomes the winding end portion 11 from the tongue portion 12 toward the upstream side of the winding end portion 11 in a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the winding end portion 11. It is formed so as to be absorbed in the radial direction around the axis O.
- FIG. 3 the winding start portion 10 gradually becomes the winding end portion 11 from the tongue portion 12 toward the upstream side of the winding end portion 11 in a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the winding end portion 11. It is formed so as to be absorbed in the radial direction around the axis O.
- the winding end portion 11, the winding start portion 10, and the diffuser portion 7 ⁇ / b> A are arranged in this order in the radial direction around the axis O at the portion where the winding start portion 10 and the winding end portion 11 intersect. It is arranged with.
- the flow path cross-sectional shapes of the winding start portion 10 and the winding end portion 11 are formed by closed curves that are close to a circle.
- the first virtual circle 10K that forms the winding start portion 10 and the second that forms the winding end portion 11 The virtual circle 11K intersects at two intersections of the first intersection P1 and the second intersection P2.
- the first virtual circle 10K and the surface obtained by extending the wall surface 7b on the other side (the lower side in FIG. 3) of the diffuser portion 7A intersect at the third intersection P3.
- the cross section of the winding start portion 10 is an ellipse extending in the direction of the axis O. This is because the drawings shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. This is because of the cross section.
- the winding start part 10 is on the first virtual circle 10K so as to cross between the first intersection point P1 and the third intersection point P3 and between the second intersection point P2 and the fourth intersection point P4, respectively. Is formed.
- the winding start portion 10 approaches the center of the winding end portion 11 in the radial direction centering on the axis O toward the upstream side of the scroll flow path 8a. Therefore, the curved surface length between the first intersection point P1 and the third intersection point P3 described above gradually decreases.
- the wall surface 7 b on the other side of the diffuser portion 7 ⁇ / b> A in the direction of the axis O extends in the tangential direction with respect to the end portion 11 a on the other side of the winding end portion 11.
- the ridgeline which has two concave curved surfaces between the 5th intersection P5 where the 1st virtual circle 10K and the wall surface 7b of the other side of the diffuser part 7A cross, and the edge part 11a, and makes the 1st intersection P1 a vertex Part 13 is formed.
- the height of the ridge line portion 13 in the direction of the axis O gradually decreases at the winding end portion 11 toward the upstream side of the scroll flow path 8a, in other words, as the winding end portion 11 and the winding start portion 10 overlap.
- This ridge line portion 13 is substantially at a position where the second virtual circle 11K described above completely enters the first virtual circle 10K (a position upstream of FIG. 5) in the flow direction of the scroll flow path 8a.
- the height is zero.
- the apex of the ridge portion 13 forms a curved ridge line extending from the tongue portion 12 toward the upstream side of the scroll flow path 8a.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8A described above includes a bulging portion 15A.
- the bulging portion 15A is formed at least at a portion where the winding start portion 10 and the winding end portion 11 intersect in the circumferential direction about the axis O.
- the bulging portion 15A is formed on the winding end portion 11 side of the scroll flow path 8a.
- the bulging portion 15A is formed to bulge the scroll flow path 8a of the winding end portion 11 in the radial direction around the axis O toward the winding start portion 10 side, in other words, the side close to the axis O. ing.
- the flow path cross section of the winding end portion 11 in the first embodiment is such that the half of the second virtual circle 11K described above closer to the axis O than the center O2 is outside the curve of the second virtual circle 11K. It is formed by an elliptical curve D1 arranged in a circle.
- the flow path cross section of the winding end portion 11 is configured by a closed curve combining a circle and an ellipse.
- the elliptical semi-major axis R1 of the curve D1 extends in a plane extending in the radial direction around the axis O
- the elliptical semi-minor axis R2 extends in the axis O direction.
- the short radius of this ellipse is the same as the radius r of the second virtual circle 11K.
- the above-mentioned “bulge” means that the bulge is formed so as to bulge radially inward with the axis O as the center from the second virtual circle 11K.
- the position of the first intersection P1 ′ between the elliptical curve D1 forming the bulging portion 15A and the first virtual circle 10K of the winding start portion 10 is as described above.
- the first virtual circle 10K and the second virtual circle 11K are located on the other side (lower side in FIG. 3) in the axis O direction from the first intersection P1.
- the first intersection P1 ′ between the elliptical curve D1 and the second virtual circle 11K is a vertex rather than the ridge line portion 13 having the first intersection P1 of the first virtual circle 10K and the second virtual circle 11K as a vertex.
- the height of the ridge line portion 13 ′ is lower in the ridge line portion 13 ′ than in the ridge line portion 13 in the entire region in the extending direction of the ridge line portions 13 and 13 ′.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8A is gradually bulged from an angular position of 270 degrees toward 360 degrees in the circumferential direction centering on the axis O and starting from the end of the winding start portion 10.
- a bulging change portion 16 is provided that gradually decreases in bulging amount from the tongue portion 12 (or the ridge line portion 13 ′) to the outlet channel 9a.
- the winding end portion 11 in the first embodiment described above is formed in an elliptical shape by the bulging portion 15A only on the inner peripheral side near the axis O has been described.
- the entire scroll channel 8a of the winding end portion 11 may be formed in an elliptical shape.
- the bulging portion 15A by forming the bulging portion 15A, it is possible to increase the substantial curvature radius of the winding end portion 11 that intersects with the winding start portion 10. Therefore, the fluid (indicated by an arrow in FIG. 2) flowing from the diffuser flow path 7a toward the radially outer side with the axis O as the center is suppressed while the height (swell) of the ridge line portion 13 ′ is kept low. It is possible to suppress peeling due to contact with the substrate. As a result, it is possible to reduce the loss at the large flow rate operating point and improve the efficiency.
- the bulging portion 15A includes the curve D1 having an elliptical cross section, the scroll flow path 8a can be swollen without increasing the size of the scroll flow path 8a in the direction of the axis O. Furthermore, when the cross-sectional shape of the scroll channel 8A orthogonal to the flow direction upstream from the winding end portion 11 is circular, the scroll channel can be smoothly expanded by the bulging portion 15A.
- the fluid flowing through the scroll flow path 8a toward the bulging part 15A and at least one of the upstream side and the downstream side of the bulging part 15A is It can suppress that it peels from the internal peripheral surface of 8 A of formation parts.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the compressor housing 4B in the second embodiment mainly includes a suction flow passage forming portion 5, an impeller chamber forming portion 6, a diffuser portion 7A, a scroll flow passage forming portion 8B, and an outlet flow passage forming portion 9. ing.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8B forms a scroll flow path 8b.
- the scroll flow path 8b is formed to extend in the circumferential direction around the axis O, and has a winding start portion 10 at one end in the circumferential direction and a winding end portion 11 at the other end.
- the winding start part 10 and the winding end part 11 intersect as in the first embodiment.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8B includes a bulging portion 15B.
- the bulging portion 15B is formed at least at a portion where the winding start portion 10 and the winding end portion 11 intersect in the circumferential direction centering on the axis O, similarly to the bulging portion 15A of the first embodiment. .
- the bulging portion 15B is formed on the winding end portion 11 side of the scroll flow path 8b.
- the bulging portion 15B bulges the scroll flow path 8b of the winding end portion 11 toward the winding start portion 10 side (in other words, the inner peripheral side) in the radial direction centered on the axis O.
- the vertex portion 30 that bulges most toward the side close to the axis O is closer to the axis O than the intermediate position Wm of the maximum width dimension of the winding end portion 11 in the axis O direction. It is arranged on one side of the direction.
- the length between the point P6 on the most one side and the point P7 on the other side of the winding end portion 11 is “H”. Then, the distance h of the apex 30 in the direction of the axis O with respect to the point P7 is greater than 0.5H (h> 0.5H). Further, the shortest distance I from the virtual plane Kh passing through the points P6 and P7 to the apex 30 is greater than 0.5H (I> 0.5H).
- the distance h and the shortest distance I are the same, and the cross-sectional shape of the curved surface connected from the vertex 30 to the point P7 is a circle having the distance h and the shortest distance I as the radius r2. It is formed in an arc shape.
- the cross-sectional shape of the curved surface connected from the apex 30 to the point P6 is formed in an elliptical arc shape having the shortest distance I as a semi-major axis and the difference between the length H and the distance h as a semi-minor axis.
- the dimension Wd of the diffuser portion 7A in the direction of the axis O is formed to be smaller than 0.5H.
- a diffuser outlet 7d which is an outlet of the diffuser flow path 7a, is formed in the middle of the curved surface connected from the vertex 30 to the point P7.
- the vertex 30 to the point P7 are formed by one arc.
- the cross-sectional curve from the vertex 30 to the point P7 may be formed by a combination of a plurality of arcs having different radii.
- the flow rate of the fluid discharged from the diffuser portion 7A increases. Therefore, when the flow rate of the fluid is used as a reference, it is the same as that the flow path cross-sectional area of the scroll flow path 8B is relatively reduced.
- the swirl component of the fluid at the winding end portion 11 may increase. Due to the increase of the swirling component, the diffuser outlet flow at the tongue portion 12 interferes with the swirling flow at the winding end portion 11 toward the diffuser outlet 7d, causing separation and increasing the loss.
- the position of the apex portion 30 is arranged on one side of the intermediate position (0.5H) of the winding end portion 11, so that one side of the apex portion 30 is the boundary.
- the curvature radius on the other side can be increased. Therefore, the swirling flow that flows along the inner circumferential surface of the elliptical arc due to the increase in the radius of curvature collides with the arc-shaped inner circumferential surface in a form that is nearly perpendicular. Thereby, the turning component is decelerated. As a result, separation due to collision (interference) between the swirling component and the diffuser outlet flow can be suppressed.
- the height of the ridge line 13 ' is suppressed as in the first embodiment. Can do.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 in a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 2nd embodiment mentioned above the case where it connects between the vertex part 30 and the point P7 with the internal peripheral surface formed in circular arc shape was demonstrated.
- the shape is not limited to this.
- a linear portion 32B having a linear cross-sectional shape may be provided between the apex portion 30 and the point P7.
- the straight portion 32B is formed in a straight line shape, the swirl flow can be inhibited and decelerated more than in the case of the arc shape in the second embodiment.
- the position of the linear portion 32B is not limited to this position.
- the straight line portion 32B may be provided between the vertex portion 30 and the point P6. Further, the straight line portion 32B may be provided at a part between the apex portion 30 and the point P7.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view at a 360 ° position of the scroll flow path forming portion in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view at a position of 315 degrees of the scroll flow path forming portion in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view at a position of 270 degrees of the scroll flow path forming portion in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8 ⁇ / b> C in the third embodiment has a linear changing portion 35.
- the straight line changing portion 35 is formed on the upstream side of the winding end portion 11. More specifically, the straight line changing portion 35 in this embodiment is formed in a range from 270 degrees to 360 degrees (see FIG. 2) in the circumferential direction around the axis O of the scroll flow path 8c.
- the straight line changing portion 35 has a straight portion 36 that forms a part of the cross section of the scroll flow passage 8c in a straight line.
- the straight line section 36 is located on the inner peripheral side of the scroll flow path forming section 8C with the axis O as the center. It is formed so as to gradually move from one side in the direction of the axis O to the other side.
- the straight portion 36 is formed so as to be continuous with the straight portion 32B formed in the bulging portion 15C of the second embodiment formed in the winding end portion 11.
- the direction in which the linear portion 32B extends in the flow path cross section is provided so as to be orthogonal to the swirling flow (indicated by arrows in FIGS. 8 to 10).
- the bulging change part 16 mentioned above is also formed in the location in which the linear change part 35 is formed, it is abbreviate
- the swirling speed of the swirling flow is gradually decreased, and the swirling component is sufficiently obtained at the position of the winding end portion 11. Can be reduced.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the winding start portion in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the scroll flow path forming portion 8D according to the fourth embodiment is configured such that, in the winding start portion 10 of the scroll flow path 8d, from the first vertex 40a disposed on the outermost side in the radial direction around the axis O, the axis O direction
- the recirculation flow suppression cross section 50 is formed so that the flow path width WD in the direction of the axis O gradually increases toward the second vertex 40b arranged on the most one side.
- the second apex portion 40b is disposed on the inner side in the radial direction than the intermediate position of the maximum flow path width Wmax in the radial direction with the axis O as the center.
- the first apex portion 40a of the winding start portion 10 in this embodiment has a maximum flow path width WDmax in the direction of the axis O and a maximum flow path in the radial direction centered on the axis O. It is arranged on the other side (right side in FIG. 11) in the direction of the axis O from the common intermediate point C of the width Wmax. Further, the second apex portion 40b is disposed on the inner side of the intermediate point C in the radial direction with the axis O as the center. That is, in the scroll flow path forming portion 8D in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the flow path at the winding start portion 10 is similar to a triangle. In addition, the flow path cross-sectional shape of the winding start part 10 should just have the recirculation suppression raw cross section 50, and is not restricted to a shape similar to a triangle.
- the channel cross-sectional shape of the winding start portion 10 may be gradually returned to a circular shape toward the downstream side of the scroll channel 8d.
- the inner peripheral surface of the scroll flow path 8d extending from the first vertex 40a to the second vertex 40b can be made closer to a flat surface. it can. Therefore, at the small flow rate operating point, the diffuser outlet flow of the winding start portion 10 is quickly turned back from the first vertex portion 40a to the second vertex portion 40b, and returned from the second vertex portion 40b to the diffuser outlet 7d side. it can. That is, the diffuser outlet flow can be quickly returned to the inner peripheral side around the axis O of the scroll flow path 8d.
- the loss by peeling of a fluid can be suppressed by employ
- the efficiency can be improved at both the small flow rate operating point and the large flow rate operating point.
- This invention can be applied to a compressor scroll and a centrifugal compressor. According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the efficiency at the large flow rate operating point.
- First virtual circle 11 Winding end part 11K ... Second virtual circle 12 ... Tongue part 13, 13 '... Ridge part 15A, 15B ... Swelling part 16 ... Swelling change Part D1 ... Curve R1 ... Semi-long axis R2 ... Semi-short axis 28 ... Scroll channel forming part 30 ... Vertex part 32B Straight section 35 ... linear change portion 36 ... straight portion 40a ... first apex portion 40b ... second apex portion 50 ... recirculation flow dampening profile
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Abstract
Description
この種の遠心圧縮機は、一般に、羽根車の径方向外側にディフューザーとスクロールとを有している。ディフューザーは、流体の流速を低下させる。スクロールは、渦巻き状に形成されてディフューザーから吐出された流体を出口流路に導く。
特許文献2には、主に小流量作動点における効率改善のために、スクロールの巻き始めの断面形状を三角形に類似する形状とする技術が記載されている。
この発明は、大流量作動点における効率改善を図ることが可能な圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機を提供することを目的とする。
このような膨出部を備えることで、巻き始め部と交わる部分の巻き終わり部の実質的な曲率半径を大きくすることができる。そのため、巻き始め部と巻き終わり部との交わりにより形成される稜線部の盛り上がりを低く抑えて、剥離が生じることを抑制できる。したがって、大流量作動点における損失を低減して、効率改善を図ることが可能となる。
このように構成することで、膨出部と、膨出部の上流側と下流側との少なくとも一方に向かってスクロール流路を流れる流体がスクロール流路形成部の内周面から剥離することを抑制できる。
このように膨出部が断面楕円形状の曲面を備えることで、軸線方向の寸法を増大させることなしにスクロール流路を膨出させることができる。
上述した大流量作動点では、流体の流量が増加する。そのため、流体の流量を基準にするとスクロール流路の流路断面積が相対的に減少したように見える。これにより、特に、巻き終わり部における流体の旋回成分が増加してしまう場合がある。この旋回成分の増加により、ディフューザー出口流れと、巻き終わり部を出口に向かう旋回流れとが干渉して、剥離を起こしてしまい損失が増大する可能性が有る。しかし、上記のように頂点部の位置を中間位置よりも第二側に配置することで、頂点位置を境にして第一側よりも第二側の曲率半径を大きくすることができる。つまり、膨出部の内周面の曲率半径を第二側で急激に増加させることができる。そのため、曲率半径の増加により旋回流が内周面に垂直に近い形で衝突して、旋回成分を低減することができる。その結果、旋回成分とディフューザー出口流れとの衝突(干渉)による剥離を抑制できる。
このように構成することで、スクロール流路の旋回流を直線部に衝突させることができる。そのため、スクロール流路の旋回流を低減して、ディフューザー出口流れに対する旋回流の干渉による損失を抑制できる。
このように構成することで、頂点部から第一側に向かって曲面が形成されている場合よりも、スクロール流路における流体の旋回成分を低減できる。
このように構成することで、旋回流の位置に応じて直線部を配置することができる。そのため、スクロール流路の上流から下流に渡って旋回流を効率よく低減することができる。
このように構成することで、小流量作動点において巻き終わり部から巻き始め部への再循環流を抑制することができる。そのため、大流量作動点における損失を低減しつつ、小流量作動点における損失を低減できる。したがって、大流量作動点から小流量作動点までの全域で効率改善することができる。
このように構成することで、遠心圧縮機の性能を向上することができる。
次に、この発明の第一実施形態における圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機を図面に基づき説明する。この実施形態における遠心圧縮機は、例えば、自動車等の車両に搭載されるターボチャージャー等の圧縮機として用いられる。
この実施形態の遠心圧縮機1Aは、外部から取り入れた空気を圧縮して内燃機関(図示せず)に供給する。図1に示すように、遠心圧縮機1Aは、回転軸2と、インペラ3と、コンプレッサハウジング4Aとを主に備えている。
回転軸2は、軸線Oを中心に軸線O方向に延びる柱状に形成されている。この回転軸2は、例えば、軸受ケーシング(図示せず)に収容されたスラスト軸受およびジャーナル軸受を介して回転自在に支持されている。
インペラ3は、回転軸2の端部に設けられている。インペラ3は、ディスク3aと、ブレード3bと、を備えている。
図2に示すように、スクロール流路形成部8Aは、ディフューザー流路7aから軸線Oを中心とする径方向外側に向かって吐出された流体を旋回させながら円滑に出口流路9aへと導くスクロール流路8aを形成する。スクロール流路8aは、軸線Oを中心とした周方向に延びるように形成され、その周方向の一端に巻き始め部10を有し、他端に巻き終わり部11を有している。巻き始め部10は、スクロール流路8aの周方向の一端から所定の範囲を指し、巻き終わり部11は、スクロール流路8aの周方向の他端側において巻き始め部10と重なる範囲を指している。
図3から図5に示すように、巻き終わり部11の流れ方向に直交する断面において、舌部12から巻き終わり部11の上流側に向かって、巻き始め部10が徐々に巻き終わり部11に軸線Oを中心とする径方向で吸収されるように形成されている。そして、図3に示す断面では、巻き始め部10と巻き終わり部11とが交差する部分において、軸線Oを中心とした径方向で巻き終わり部11、巻き始め部10、ディフューザー部7Aの順に並んで配置される。
さらに、巻き終わり部11よりも上流側の流れ方向に直交するスクロール流路8Aの断面形状が円形である場合などに、膨出部15Aによって円滑にスクロール流路を膨出させることができる。
次に、この発明の第二実施形態を図面に基づき説明する。この第二実施形態は、上述した第一実施形態と膨出部の形状が異なるだけである。そのため第一実施形態と同一部分に同一符号を付して説明するとともに、重複説明を省略する。
第二実施形態におけるコンプレッサハウジング4Bは、吸込み流路形成部5と、インペラ室形成部6と、ディフューザー部7Aと、スクロール流路形成部8Bと、出口流路形成部9と、を主に備えている。
この実施形態の一例において、軸線O方向におけるディフューザー部7Aの寸法Wdは、0.5Hよりも小さく形成されている。
この第二実施形態では、頂点部30から点P7までを一つの円弧により形成する場合について説明した。しかし、頂点部30から点P7までの断面曲線は、それぞれ半径の異なる複数の円弧の組合せにより形成しても良い。
図7は、この発明の第二実施形態の変形例における図3に相当する断面図である。
上述した第二実施形態においては、頂点部30から点P7の間を円弧状に形成された内周面で繋ぐ場合について説明した。しかし、この形状に限られるものでは無い。
図7に示す膨出部15Cのように、例えば、頂点部30と点P7との間に断面形状が直線状に形成された直線部32Bを設けるようにしても良い。
このように構成することで、上述した第二実施形態と同様に、楕円弧状の内周面に沿って流れた旋回流を直線部32Bに衝突させて、旋回流を減速させることができる。しかも直線部32Bが直線状に形成されているため、第二実施形態の円弧状の場合よりも、より旋回流を阻害して減速させることができる。
この第二実施形態の変形例においては、頂点部30と点P7との間に直線部32Bを設ける場合について説明したが、直線部32Bの位置はこの位置に限られない。例えば、直線部32Bは、頂点部30と点P6との間に設けても良い。また、直線部32Bは、頂点部30と点P7との間の一部に設けても良い。
次に、この発明の第三実施形態を図面に基づき説明する。この第三実施形態は、上述した第二実施形態の変形例における直線部の位置を巻き終わり部11よりも上流側において変化させている点でのみ相違する。そのため、第一実施形態、および、第二実施形態の変形例と同一部分に同一符号を付して説明するとともに、重複説明を省略する。
図8は、この発明の第三実施形態におけるスクロール流路形成部の360度の位置における断面図である。図9は、この発明の第三実施形態におけるスクロール流路形成部の315度の位置における断面図である。図10は、この発明の第三実施形態におけるスクロール流路形成部の270度の位置における断面図である。
次に、この発明の第四実施形態を図面に基づき説明する。この第四実施形態は、スクロール流路における巻き始め部の断面形状が上述した各実施形態と異なるだけである。そのため、第一から第三実施形態と同一部分に同一符号を付して説明するとともに、重複説明を省略する。
この第四実施形態のスクロール流路形成部8Dは、スクロール流路8dの巻き始め部10において、軸線Oを中心とする径方向で最も外側に配置される第一頂点部40aから、軸線O方向で、最も一方側に配置される第二頂点部40bに向けて軸線O方向の流路幅WDが漸次増加するように形成された再循環流抑制断面50を有している。第二頂点部40bは、軸線Oを中心とした径方向における最大流路幅Wmaxの中間位置よりも、径方向の内側に配置されている。
さらに、第二頂点部40bは、軸線Oを中心とした径方向で中間点Cよりも内側に配置されている。すなわち、この実施形態におけるスクロール流路形成部8Dは、巻き始め部10における流路断面形状が、三角形に類似する形状とされている。なお、巻き始め部10の流路断面形状は、再循環抑制生断面50を有していればよく、三角形に類似する形状には限られない。
さらに、第一から第三実施形態においては、巻き始め部10、巻き終わり部11以外のスクロール流路8aの流路断面形状が円形である場合について説明した。しかし、円形以外の閉曲線により構成されていても良い。
Claims (9)
- 軸線を中心とした周方向に延びて、巻き始め部と巻き終わり部とが交差して連通されるとともに、前記軸線方向の第一側、且つ前記軸線を中心とした径方向内側に形成されたディフューザー出口から流体が流入するスクロール流路を形成するスクロール流路形成部と、
前記スクロール流路の前記巻き終わり部と連通し、前記軸線を中心とした円の接線方向に延びる出口流路を形成する出口流路形成部と、を備え、
前記スクロール流路形成部は、前記巻き始め部と巻き終わり部とが交差する部分における少なくとも前記巻き終わり部に、前記径方向で前記巻き始め部側に向かって前記スクロール流路を膨出させる膨出部を備える圧縮機スクロール。 - 前記膨出部から、前記スクロール流路の上流側と下流側との少なくとも一方に向かうにつれて前記膨出部の膨出が漸次低減される膨出変化部を備える請求項1に記載の圧縮機スクロール。
- 前記膨出部は、前記軸線に近い側に向かって長軸が延びる断面楕円形状の曲面を備える請求項1又は2に記載の圧縮機スクロール。
- 前記膨出部は、
前記スクロール流路と直交する断面において最も前記軸線に近い側に膨出した頂点部が、前記軸線の延びる方向で前記巻き終わり部の最大幅寸法の中間位置よりも、前記軸線の延びる方向で前記第一側とは反対の第二側に配置されている請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の圧縮機スクロール。 - 前記膨出部は、
その内周面のうち少なくとも一部に、前記スクロール流路に直交する断面形状が直線状に形成された直線部を備える請求項4に記載の圧縮機スクロール。 - 前記膨出部は、
前記軸線に近い側に最も膨出した頂点部から前記軸線方向の第一側に向かって前記直線部が形成されている請求項5に記載の圧縮機スクロール。 - 前記膨出部から、前記スクロール流路の上流側に向かうにつれて前記直線部が、前記軸線方向の第二側から第一側に漸次移動するように形成された直線変化部を備えている請求項6に記載の圧縮機スクロール。
- 前記巻き始め部は、
前記軸線を中心とする径方向で最も外側に配置される第一頂点部から、前記軸線の延びる方向で、最も第二側に配置される第二頂点部に向けて前記軸線の延びる方向の流路幅が漸次増加するように形成され、
前記第二頂点部は、前記径方向における最大流路幅の中間点よりも、前記径方向の内側に配置されている請求項1から7の何れか一項に記載の圧縮機スクロール。 - 羽根車と、ディフューザーと、前記請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載の圧縮機スクロールと、を備える遠心圧縮機。
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| CN201680082484.6A CN108700090B (zh) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | 压缩机涡旋及离心压缩机 |
| US16/079,852 US11067094B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Compressor scroll and centrifugal compressor |
| JP2018507953A JP6638159B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | 圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機 |
| EP16896869.1A EP3406913B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | Compressor scroll and centrifugal compressor |
| PCT/JP2016/060477 WO2017168650A1 (ja) | 2016-03-30 | 2016-03-30 | 圧縮機スクロール、および、遠心圧縮機 |
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| JPWO2022123839A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-16 | ||
| WO2022123839A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-16 | 株式会社Ihi | 遠心圧縮機および過給機 |
| CN116057265A (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-05-02 | 株式会社Ihi | 离心压缩机及增压器 |
| JP7452708B2 (ja) | 2020-12-09 | 2024-03-19 | 株式会社Ihi | 遠心圧縮機および過給機 |
| US11965524B2 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2024-04-23 | Ihi Corporation | Centrifugal compressor and turbocharger |
| CN116057265B (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2025-07-25 | 株式会社Ihi | 离心压缩机及增压器 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108700090A (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
| JP6638159B2 (ja) | 2020-01-29 |
| EP3406913A1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
| JPWO2017168650A1 (ja) | 2018-12-20 |
| EP3406913B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
| EP3406913A4 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
| US11067094B2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
| CN108700090B (zh) | 2020-05-15 |
| US20190055959A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
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