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WO2017161421A1 - Améliorations apportées à l'efficacité énergétique de réfrigérateur - Google Patents

Améliorations apportées à l'efficacité énergétique de réfrigérateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017161421A1
WO2017161421A1 PCT/AU2017/050260 AU2017050260W WO2017161421A1 WO 2017161421 A1 WO2017161421 A1 WO 2017161421A1 AU 2017050260 W AU2017050260 W AU 2017050260W WO 2017161421 A1 WO2017161421 A1 WO 2017161421A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
cabinet
exchanger
container
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2017/050260
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John William MASLEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maslen Technology Australia Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Maslen Technology Australia Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2016901122A external-priority patent/AU2016901122A0/en
Application filed by Maslen Technology Australia Pty Ltd filed Critical Maslen Technology Australia Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2017161421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017161421A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0478—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/06—Removing frost
    • F25D21/12—Removing frost by hot-fluid circulating system separate from the refrigerant system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/23—Time delays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refrigerators, for storing chilled or frozen goods, which are adapted for reduced energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a commercial vapor compression refrigerator 30 as may be found in supermarkets and other situations where it is necessary to store refrigerated goods such as frozen or chilled food.
  • the refrigerator 30 includes an insulated cabinet 36 that is fronted by glass display doors 38a,.., 38d, which locate into a surrounding fascia 37.
  • the cabinet 36 contains a brine-to- air heat exchanger 10, or as it is variously referred to in the following "a cabinet exchanger" through which a chilled solution flows.
  • the cabinet exchanger 10 draws heat out of the air within the cabinet 36 thereby keeping the cabinet at a desirably low temperature for storing the chilled or frozen goods.
  • FIG. 40 is a block diagram of the refrigerator 30.
  • the refrigerator 30 includes a pump 8 for pumping brine 9a from a container in the form of tank 9 through a first side 1 a of a heat exchanger 1 , wherein the brine is cooled.
  • the cooled brine is then forced through tube 20 into an inlet side 15a of cabinet exchanger 10.
  • Cabinet exchanger 10 draws heat from the air within the cabinet 36 into the brine thereby warming the brine as it passes through the cabinet exchanger 10.
  • the warmed brine leaves the outlet side 15b of cabinet exchanger 10 via tube 21 and is returned to the first brine storage tank 9 from whence the cooling cycle repeats.
  • a refrigerant vapor compression system 32 In order to remove heat from the brine in heat exchanger 1 there is provided a refrigerant vapor compression system 32.
  • the system 32 consists of a second side 1 b of the heat exchanger 1 , the output of which is coupled to a compressor 2.
  • the compressor 2 acts to elevate the pressure and by doing so also elevates the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the compressed refrigerant is then passed through a first side 3a of a second heat exchanger 3.
  • the second heat exchanger 3 draws heat from the compressed refrigerant and causes it to condense to a liquid.
  • the pressurized liquid refrigerant leaves the heat exchanger 3 and passes through an expansion valve or "throttle" 5 which causes the refrigerant to vaporize and undergo a drastic temperature drop.
  • the cold refrigerant then passes through the second side 1 b of the first heat exchanger 1 thereby drawing heat from the brine that is passing through the first side 1 a of heat exchanger 1 and then proceeding along
  • the cold side 3b of the refrigerant heat exchanger 3 has brine circulating through it by means of a pump 12 that draws cooled brine from a second brine tank 13.
  • a pump 12 that draws cooled brine from a second brine tank 13.
  • the heated brine that emerges from the second side 3b of heat exchanger 3 is cooled to near-ambient air temperature by radiator 14.
  • the cooled brine from the radiator 14 is then transferred via pipe 17 to the second brine tank 13.
  • a typical arrangement for performing the defrost is an electric heating filament 42.
  • the heating filament 42 is located in proximity to the cabinet exchanger 10 and by passing electric current through the filament it becomes hot and defrosts the cabinet exchanger.
  • electrically defrosting the cabinet exchanger 10 consumes a substantial amount of energy and it would be desirable if there were a better way for performing a defrost that did not consume so much energy.
  • a refrigerator including:
  • a cabinet exchanger located within the cabinet and coupled to a refrigeration assembly having a number of valves, the valves being arranged to switch the refrigeration assembly between a cooling configuration and a defrost configuration;
  • the valves place a chilling fluid in fluid communication with the cabinet exchanger for passage therethrough and wherein in the defrost configuration the valves place a warming fluid in fluid communication with the cabinet exchanger for passage therethrough for defrosting the cabinet exchanger.
  • the refrigeration assembly includes a first container for storing the chilling fluid therein and a second container for storing the warming fluid therein. It is preferable that at least some of said valves are arranged to divert fluid exiting the cabinet exchanger to either the first container or the second container.
  • the refrigerator includes a controller wherein at least some of the valves are responsive to the controller for diverting cool fluid from the cabinet exchanger to the first container and warmer fluid from the cabinet exchanger to the second container.
  • the controller comprises a temperature sensor arranged to sense temperature of fluid at an outlet side of the cabinet exchanger and wherein the at least some valves responsive to the temperature sensor are arranged to divert the fluid to the second tank upon the temperature sensor indicating the fluid at the outlet side exceeding a predetermined threshold.
  • the controller may comprise a time delay or timer assembly that diverts the fluid to the second tank after a delay sufficient to flush cold fluid from the cabinet exchanger and prior to warmer defrosting fluid leaving the cabinet exchanger.
  • the refrigerator includes:
  • a first pump arranged to pump cooling fluid from the first container, through a first side of the first heat exchanger
  • a first tube for conveying fluid from an outlet of the first side of the first heat exchanger to an inlet of the cabinet exchanger
  • a first valve of the number of valves arranged to selectively open and close the first tube; a second tube connected between the outlet of the first side of the first heat exchanger and the first container;
  • a second valve of the number of valves arranged to selectively open and close the second tube
  • cooling fluid is transferred to the inlet of the cabinet exchanger and whereby upon closing the first valve and opening the second valve cooling fluid is returned from the outlet of the first side of the first heat exchanger to the first container.
  • the refrigeration assembly includes;
  • a second heat exchanger having a first side that is coupled to a second side of the first heat exchanger for drawing heat from the first side of the first heat exchanger.
  • the refrigeration assembly preferably includes;
  • a second pump arranged to pump fluid from the second container through a second side of the second heat exchanger
  • a radiator having a fluid inlet side coupled to an outlet of the second side of the second heat exchanger by a third valve of the number of valves, the radiator having a fluid outlet side coupled to the second container; and a fourth valve of the number of valves coupled between a point between the outlet of the second side of the second heat exchanger and a point between the first valve and the inlet of the cabinet exchanger;
  • closing the third valve and opening the fourth valve diverts warming fluid from the second container through the second side of the second heat exchanger and thence to the inlet of the cabinet exchanger for defrosting thereof.
  • the refrigerator includes a fifth valve of the number of valves and a sixth valve of the number of valves in parallel with an outlet of the cabinet exchanger; wherein the sixth valve is disposed between the outlet and the second container and wherein the fifth valve is disposed between the outlet and the first container whereby alternative opening and closing of the fifth and sixth valves diverts fluid from the outlet to either the second container or the first container. It is preferred that the fifth valve and the sixth valve are responsive to a temperature sensor for the outlet of the cabinet exchanger.
  • the refrigerator includes a second heat exchanger in fluid communication with the second tank via a pump wherein in the defrost configuration the valves divert fluid from the second heat exchanger to an inlet side of the cabinet exchanger.
  • the refrigerator includes a container to collect condensation from components of the refrigerator and tubing located for heat exchange with condensation collected in the container, wherein the tubing is in fluid communication with a hot side of the second heat exchanger for heat exchange between condensation collected in the tray and the fluid from said heat exchanger to thereby cool the fluid from the second heat exchanger.
  • the refrigerator may include tubing arranged to circulate fluid from the second heat exchanger around a fascia of the refrigerator to thereby reduce condensation forming thereon.
  • a refrigerator that includes fascia tubing arranged to circulate fluid warmed by a heat exchanger of the refrigerator about a fascia of the refrigerator to thereby reduce condensation forming thereon.
  • the fascia tubing is connected between an outlet of a first side of the heat exchanger of the refrigeration assembly and an inlet of a radiator of the refrigeration assembly.
  • Figure 1 shows a refrigerator which includes a prior art defrosting assembly.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the refrigerator of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of a refrigerator according to a preferred embodiment of an aspect of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram corresponding to that of the refrigerator of Figure 3 in a defrosting configuration.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a refrigerator according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a refrigerator according to a further embodiment of the invention wherein heated fluid is passed through tubing of a fascia of the refrigerator cabinet to reduce condensation forming on glass doors of the refrigerator.
  • Figure 7 depicts a further embodiment of the invention which incorporates features of the embodiments of Figures 3 and 6.
  • FIG. 3 there is depicted a block diagram of a refrigerator 50 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refrigerator 50 has some components in common with the system illustrated in Figure 2, and so like item numbers will be used in the Figures where appropriate.
  • the refrigerator 50 includes an insulated cabinet 36 that is fronted by glass display doors 38a,..,38e, which locate into a surrounding fascia 37.
  • Refrigerator 50 includes a brine tank equalization tube 33, which ensures that the levels in the first and second brine tanks 9 and 1 3 are equal and prevents either of them from overfilling or running dry.
  • the refrigerator 50 also includes a number of solenoid actuated flow valves S1 , ...
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • user interface 52 Whilst a PLC is used in the presently described embodiment of the invention other controllers such as microprocessor or even a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) might be used and the invention is not limited to the use of a PLC.
  • the solenoid valves S1 , ... ,S6 may be operated by the PLC 52 to change the configuration of the refrigerator 50 from a cooling configuration, such as as illustrated in Figure 2, to a defrost configuration, as illustrated in Figure 4. It is also conceivable, though less desirable that a manual system be provided wherein the valves are manually operated.
  • the solenoid valves S1 , ... ,S6 are variously opened and closed to pump fluid, namely warmed brine from the second side 3b of heat exchanger 3 through the cabinet exchanger 1 0, thereby causing it to defrost.
  • the PLC 52 may be programmed to control S1 and S2 to alternatively open and close during the cooling cycle in order to keep cooling the fluid that is stored in tank 9. For example, when S1 is closed and s2 is opened then cooled fluid is returned from the output of first side 1 a of heat exchanger 1 via tube 22b to tank 9. Alternatively, when S1 is opened and S2 is closed then cooled fluid proceeds through S1 , through tube 22a to the inlet 15a of cabinet exchanger 10.
  • S3 When it is determined that defrosting is required then S3 is closed and S4 is opened. Closing S3 and opening S4 allows the warm fluid exiting the second side 3b of heat exchanger 3 to enter the inlet side 15a of the cabinet exchanger 10 and pass therethrough, thereby warming and defrosting the cabinet exchanger 10. The fluid then exits the outlet side 15b of the cabinet exchanger 10 through tube 21 .
  • PLC 52 is responsive to a temperature sensor 27 that is mounted adjacent the outlet side of the cabinet exchanger 10 for monitoring the temperature of fluid leaving the cabinet exchanger 10 through tube 21 . Once the temperature sensor 27 has detected that the brine exiting the cabinet exchanger 10 is above a threshold level then PLC 35 closes s5 and opens s6.
  • the first brine tank 9 contains brine that is substantially cooler than the brine that is collected in the second brine tank 13 during defrost.
  • the PLC 52 may be programmed to implement a time delay or timer that operates the solenoid valves to divert the fluid to the second tank only after a delay sufficient to flush cold fluid from the cabinet exchanger 10 and prior to warmer defrosting fluid leaving the cabinet exchanger 10.
  • the volume of fluid in the cabinet exchanger 10 is about six litres which is a considerable amount to cool or heat.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a further embodiment of the refrigerator 50 wherein a tray 7 is provided.
  • the embodiment of Figure 5 includes the cabinet 36 that is shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the chilled brine pump 8, primary heat exchanger 1 , compressor 2, second heat exchanger 3 and cooling fluid pump 12 may be mounted upon the tray 7.
  • the tray 7 is arranged for heat conduction with a serpentine copper tube 58.
  • the copper tube may be located adjacent a base of the tray.
  • the serpentine tray tube 58 is coupled by tubes 56 and 60 between the hot output of the second side 3b of the second heat exchanger 3 and the inlet side of the radiator 14 via solenoid valve S3.
  • condensation drips into the tray 7 from the cabinet heat exchanger 10 via collection tube 62. Condensation may also drip into the tray from the cold sides of the primary heat exchanger 1 and the second heat exchanger 3 and from the expansion device 5 and associated tubing. Accordingly, during the cold cycle the tray 7 tends to collect cool condensate which cools the serpentine tray tube 58 and so assists in cooling the hot fluid from the second heat exchanger 3 prior to it entering radiator 14 via solenoid valve S3.
  • the hot fluid flowing through the tray tube 58 may assist in evaporating off the condensation that is collected in the tray 7. In this way energy consumption is further reduced as the radiator 14 need not work as hard as it would otherwise have to if cool condensate were not collected in tray 7.
  • Figure 6 there is depicted a further embodiment of an aspect of the invention wherein heated fluid leaving the second heat exchanger 3 is diverted through tubing 50 prior to entering the radiator 14.
  • the tubing 50 is disposed about fascia 37 of the cabinet so that in use it distributes the warmed fluid from heat exchanger 3 and warms the fascia.
  • the warming of the fascia assists in reducing condensation forming.
  • the formation of condensation is undesirable.
  • the tubing 50 may be provided in conjunction with the electrically defrosted system of Figure 2.
  • Figure 7 shows the fascia warming arrangement in combination with the embodiment of the invention that is illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the fascia warming arrangement may also be provide in combination with the tray arrangement that is illustrated in Figure 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réfrigérateur comprenant une armoire pour le stockage d'articles à réfrigérer ou congeler. Un échangeur d'armoire est situé dans l'armoire et est accouplé à un ensemble de réfrigération par l'intermédiaire d'un certain nombre de soupapes. Les soupapes sont conçues pour commuter entre une configuration de refroidissement et une configuration de dégivrage. Dans la configuration de refroidissement, les soupapes placent un fluide de réfrigération en communication fluidique avec l'échangeur d'armoire de telle sorte que le fluide de réfrigération passe à travers l'échangeur d'armoire et refroidit des articles dans l'armoire. Autrement, dans la configuration de dégivrage, les soupapes placent un fluide chauffant en communication fluidique avec l'échangeur d'armoire de telle sorte que le fluide chauffant passe à travers l'échangeur d'armoire pour dégivrer l'échangeur d'armoire.
PCT/AU2017/050260 2016-03-24 2017-03-23 Améliorations apportées à l'efficacité énergétique de réfrigérateur Ceased WO2017161421A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2016901122A AU2016901122A0 (en) 2016-03-24 Improvements to refrigerator energy efficiency
AU2016901122 2016-03-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017161421A1 true WO2017161421A1 (fr) 2017-09-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2017/050260 Ceased WO2017161421A1 (fr) 2016-03-24 2017-03-23 Améliorations apportées à l'efficacité énergétique de réfrigérateur

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020111671A1 (de) 2020-02-21 2021-08-26 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Verkaufskühlgerät mit Rahmenheizung
EP3908119A4 (fr) * 2019-01-07 2022-09-28 Roni Shafir Machine à glaçons

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5743102A (en) * 1996-04-15 1998-04-28 Hussmann Corporation Strategic modular secondary refrigeration
JP2001012843A (ja) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-19 Nakano Refrigerators Co Ltd ブライン冷却システムの除霜方法
US20110314843A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2011-12-29 Bernd Heinbokel Co2-refrigeration device with heat reclaim

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5743102A (en) * 1996-04-15 1998-04-28 Hussmann Corporation Strategic modular secondary refrigeration
JP2001012843A (ja) * 1999-06-28 2001-01-19 Nakano Refrigerators Co Ltd ブライン冷却システムの除霜方法
US20110314843A1 (en) * 2005-02-18 2011-12-29 Bernd Heinbokel Co2-refrigeration device with heat reclaim

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3908119A4 (fr) * 2019-01-07 2022-09-28 Roni Shafir Machine à glaçons
DE102020111671A1 (de) 2020-02-21 2021-08-26 Liebherr-Hausgeräte Lienz Gmbh Verkaufskühlgerät mit Rahmenheizung

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