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WO2017158393A1 - Méthodes de traitement d'une maladie du greffon contre l'hôte - Google Patents

Méthodes de traitement d'une maladie du greffon contre l'hôte Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017158393A1
WO2017158393A1 PCT/IB2016/000440 IB2016000440W WO2017158393A1 WO 2017158393 A1 WO2017158393 A1 WO 2017158393A1 IB 2016000440 W IB2016000440 W IB 2016000440W WO 2017158393 A1 WO2017158393 A1 WO 2017158393A1
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Prior art keywords
gvhd
subject
agent
vedolizumab
intestinal
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English (en)
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Yngvar FLOISAND
Knut LUNDIN
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Oslo Universitetssykehus hf
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Oslo Universitetssykehus hf
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Priority to PCT/IB2016/000440 priority Critical patent/WO2017158393A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K16/00Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
    • C07K16/18Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
    • C07K16/28Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • C07K16/2839Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against the integrin superfamily
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/06Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/505Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies comprising antibodies
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/54Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the route of administration
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K2039/545Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the dose, timing or administration schedule
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/20Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
    • C07K2317/24Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin containing regions, domains or residues from different species, e.g. chimeric, humanized or veneered
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/70Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by effect upon binding to a cell or to an antigen
    • C07K2317/76Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
  • GVHD graft-versus-host disease
  • the present invention relates to methods of treating GVHD with agents that target integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7.
  • Acute graft-versus-host disesase occurs in up to 50 % of patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
  • Grade III-IV GvHD is associated with poor outcome, 70 - 90 % mortality (1, 2).
  • Severe intestinal involvement is particularly difficult to treat and often leads to prolonged illness before death occurs.
  • Treatment of steroid refractory or steroid dependent acute GvHD is notoriously difficult.
  • Second and third line treatments are not well documented and show erratic responses.
  • all treatment modalities of steroid refractory acute GvHD imply intensifying systemic immunosuppression with the risk of excess mortality due to infectious complications.
  • the present invention relates to methods for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease
  • the present invention relates to methods of treating GVHD with agents that target integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7.
  • the present invention provides the use of an agent that inhibits one or more biological activities of integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 to treat or prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a subject.
  • the agent is a monoclonal antibody (e.g., vedolizumab).
  • the GVHD is steroid refractory intestinal GVHD.
  • the subject received corticosteroid therapy prior to or concurrent with the agent.
  • the subject received immunosuppressive therapy prior to or concurrent with the agent.
  • the subject exhibits or does not exhibit symptoms of GVHD (e.g., steroid refractory intestinal GVHD).
  • graft-versus-host disease comprising: administering an agent that inhibits one or more biological activities of integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 to the subject.
  • FIG. 1 Colonic biopsies in patients 1 - 3 before (a, c and e) and after (b, d and f) treatment with vedolizumab.
  • Patient 1 had substantial crypt loss and some remaining and regenerating crypts with a few apoptotic bodies, corresponding to GVHD grade III (a).
  • Biopsies taken after vedolizumab showed prominent regenerative changes with crypt branching and crowding, and very few apoptotic bodies. Some areas still lacked crypts and were edematous with capillary dilatation and proliferation and iron-laden macrophages (b). In patient 2, pre-treatment biopsies showed erosions and substantial crypt loss and inflammation, and marked apoptosis in the remaining crypts, corresponding to GVHD grade III(c). After vedolizumab histology showed crypt regeneration and branching with reactive epithelial changes, and no apoptosis or inflammation (d).
  • pre-treatment biopsies showed large eroded areas with crypt loss, numerous apoptotic cells in remaining crypts, and edematous lamin apropria with capillary proliferation and scattered neutrophils, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells.
  • the findings corresponded to GVHD grade III-IV (e).
  • CMV cytomegalovirus
  • FIG. 2 Endoscopic findings in patients 1, 2 and 3.
  • Duodenal mucosa pre-treatment (a,b and c) and after three doses of vedolizumab (d, e and f).
  • Colonic mucosa in patient 1 pre- treatment (g) and after three doses (j).
  • Ileal mucosa in patient 2 pre- and post-treatment (h, k) and colonic mucosa in patient 3 pre- and post-treatment (i, 1)
  • the term “subject” refers to any animal (e.g., a mammal), including, but not limited to, humans, non-human primates, rodents, and the like, which is to be the recipient of a particular treatment.
  • the terms “subject” and “patient” are used interchangeably herein in reference to a human subject.
  • non-human animals refers to all non-human animals including, but not limited to, vertebrates such as rodents, non-human primates, ovines, bovines, ruminants, lagomorphs, porcines, caprines, equines, canines, felines, aves, etc.
  • sample is used in its broadest sense. In one sense, it is meant to include a specimen or culture obtained from any source, as well as biological and environmental samples. Biological samples may be obtained from animals (including humans) and encompass fluids, solids, tissues, and gases. Biological samples include blood products, such as plasma, serum and the like. Environmental samples include environmental material such as surface matter, soil, water, crystals and industrial samples. Such examples are not however to be construed as limiting the sample types applicable to the present invention.
  • drug is meant to include any molecule, molecular complex or substance administered to an organism for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, including medical imaging, monitoring, contraceptive, cosmetic, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and prophylactic applications.
  • drug is further meant to include any such molecule, molecular complex or substance that is chemically modified and/or operatively attached to a biologic or biocompatible structure.
  • the term “purified” or “to purify” or “compositional purity” refers to the removal of components (e.g., contaminants) from a sample or the level of components (e.g. , contaminants) within a sample. For example, unreacted moieties, degradation products, excess reactants, or byproducts are removed from a sample following a synthesis reaction or preparative method.
  • test compound and “candidate compound” refer to any chemical entity, pharmaceutical, drug, and the like that is a candidate for use to treat or prevent a disease, illness, sickness, or disorder of bodily function (e.g., cancer).
  • Test compounds comprise both known and potential therapeutic compounds.
  • a test compound can be determined to be therapeutic by screening using screening methods known in the art.
  • the present invention relates to methods for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
  • GVHD graft-versus-host disease
  • the present invention relates to methods of treating GVHD with agents that target integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7.
  • Vedolizumab a monoclonal antibody targeting the homing of T-cells to the intestinal endothelium through inhibition of binding of integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 to the mucosal addressin
  • MadCAM-1 has been effective in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (3-5). As it is selective for receptors in the gut, it has not been associated with progressive multifocal
  • PML leukencephalopathy
  • Acute GvHD is an immunologically mediated disease where alloreactive donor T- cells are important contributors to the pathogenesis (6). Inhibiting T-cell induced
  • the ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 integrin is expressed on lymphocytes, natural killer cells, mast cells and basophilic granulocytes and mediate lymphocyte binding to MAdCAM-1 (7).
  • This intestinal specificity makes the interaction an attractive target for treating immunologically mediated disease of the intestine, such as GvHD in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (8) .
  • Expression of ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 on donor T-cells have been described to be important in the development of intestinal GvHD in mice (9, 10). Choi et al have reported that disruption of alloreactive donor T-cell trafficking to the target organs significantly reduces GvHD in both MHC fully - mismatched and minor-mismatched allo-HCT models (11).
  • the adhesion molecule MAdCAM-1 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is constitutively expressed on high endothelial venules of both mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyers patches (PP) as well as on postcapillary venules of the lamina intestinal of the small and large intestine. PPs are essential in the development of anti-host cytotoxic T-cells leading to acute intestinal GvHD (12).
  • MAdCAM-1 is the major ligand for ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 integrin, as well as being the ligand for L-selectin (13).
  • the expression level of ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 integrin is relatively low on naive T-cells and B-cells, but increased on IgA-secreting plasma cells, memory T cells, and activated gut- homing CD4+ T-cells.
  • ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 integrin is expressed on NK-cells, activated monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and dendritic cells (14).
  • GVHD e.g., steroid refractory acute GVHD
  • agents that inhibit integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 e.g., integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7
  • subjects are at risk for GVHD (e.g., steroid refractory acute GVHD).
  • GVHD e.g., steroid refractory acute GVHD
  • subjects have undergone an organ transplant and have no symptoms of GVHD.
  • subjects have initial symptoms of GVHD.
  • subjects have symptoms of GVHD but not steroid refractory acute GVHD.
  • subjects have symptoms of steroid refractory acute GVHD.
  • subjects are monitored for symptoms or markers of GVHD before, during, or after treatment with vedolizumab.
  • a treatment course of action (e.g., starting, stopping, or adjusting the dosage) of vedolizumab) based on the results of the monitoring.
  • the monitoring is repeated one or more times before, during, or after treatment with vedolizumab.
  • subjects have previously or are currently being treated with an immunosuppressant (e.g., steroid therapy, antithymocyte globulin (ATG), extracorporeal photopheresis, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), daclizumab, sirolimus, infliximab, alemtuzumab, methotrexate, basiliximab, tacrolimus, pulses of cyclophosphamide, pentostatin, mesenchymal stromal cells, or etanercept).
  • an immunosuppressant e.g., steroid therapy, antithymocyte globulin (ATG), extracorporeal photopheresis, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), daclizumab, sirolimus, infliximab, alemtuzumab, methotrexate, basiliximab, tacrolimus, pulses of cyclophosphamide, pentostatin, me
  • Table 1 Patient characteristics are given in Table 1. All patients were categorized as having grade IV intestinal acute GvHD with few or no other manifestations of acute GvHD. Patients 1 and 2 had been through 2nd and 3rd line therapy with several modalities of treatment without improvement of symptoms. Patient 3 to 6 received vedolizumab as second line therapy after steroid failure (table 1). Previous treatments are described in table 1.
  • Vedolizumab was given as described for IBD with 300 mg intravenously without premedication week 0, 2 and 6, followed by infusions every 8 weeks on clinical indication and guided by serum concentration measurements.
  • vedolizumab After three doses of vedolizumab, 4 patients were off systemic corticosteroids. Five out of six patients received oral medication, including immunosuppressants. Concomitant immunosuppressive therapy was administered as oral cyclosporine or MMF. There were no or limited clinical symptoms of acute intestinal GvHD, maximum, grade I. Five out of six patients could be discharged from hospital after the third dose of vedolizumab. Patient 2 initially achieved a complete response after three doses of vedolizumab, but experienced a relapse of AML and developed grade IV intestinal GvHD after cessation of
  • Patient 3 developed acute GvHD of the skin after discharge from hospital and high dose corticosteroids were reinstitued, subsequently complicated by staphylococcal sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to death.
  • Patient 4 already had multi-organ failure with hemodialysis and liver failure prior to start of vedolizumab treatment. She succumbed to complications. An autopsy was declined.
  • Patients 1 and 2 are receiving continuous treatment with vedolizumab 12 months after start of treatment and display no or limited symptoms of intestinal GvHD. Patients 5 and 6 did not require additional treatment after the 2. and 3. dose.
  • Acute GvHD remains the major cause of non-relapse mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. This case series provides proof that targeting integrin ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 is feasible and may provide clinical meaningful responses in steroid refractory intestinal GvHD. The mechanism is probably a direct inhibition of homing of allo-reactive T-cells to the intestinal endothelium.
  • MAdCAM-1 is not only an organ- and stimulus-specific adhesive determinant, but is also density dependent, suggesting that its highly restricted expression is decisively related to particular phases in inflammation (17).
  • MadCAM-1 is constitutively expressed on high endothelial venules of both mesenteric lymph nodes and PPs. Inhibition of ⁇ 4 ⁇ 7 integrin may not only affect T-cell homing to the intestine, but also homing of other cells that are important for initiating and propagating an allo-response, such as dendritic cells and NK-cells.
  • vedolizumab will primarily be effective in intestinal GvHD, and should probably not be used as a single agent in the treatment of acute GvHD involving other tissues.
  • Lam MC Bressler B. Vedolizumab for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: results and implications of GEMINI studies. Immunotherapy.6(9):963-71.
  • Petrovic A Alpdogan O, Willis LM, et al. LP AM (alpha 4 beta 7 integrin) is an important homing integrin on alloreactive T cells in the development of intestinal graft- versus-host disease. Blood. 2004 Feb 15;103(4): 1542-7.

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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne des méthodes pour le traitement d'une maladie du greffon contre l'hôte (GVH). En particulier, la présente invention concerne des méthodes de traitement de GVH avec des agents qui ciblent l'intégrine α4β7.
PCT/IB2016/000440 2016-03-18 2016-03-18 Méthodes de traitement d'une maladie du greffon contre l'hôte Ceased WO2017158393A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12304956B1 (en) 2023-05-30 2025-05-20 Paragon Therapeutics, Inc. Dosing regimen for treating inflammatory bowel disease

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WO2012151248A2 (fr) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. FORMULATION POUR UN ANTICORPS ANTI-α4β7

Patent Citations (2)

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WO2007061679A1 (fr) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-31 Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. IMMUNOGLOBULINE HUMANISEE REACTIVE AVEC L’INTEGRINE α4β7
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12304956B1 (en) 2023-05-30 2025-05-20 Paragon Therapeutics, Inc. Dosing regimen for treating inflammatory bowel disease
US12404334B2 (en) 2023-05-30 2025-09-02 Paragon Therapeutics, Inc. Methods of treating gastrointestinal inflammatory disease

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