WO2017154924A1 - Iii族窒化物系化合物層を有する半導体基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
Iii族窒化物系化合物層を有する半導体基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017154924A1 WO2017154924A1 PCT/JP2017/009061 JP2017009061W WO2017154924A1 WO 2017154924 A1 WO2017154924 A1 WO 2017154924A1 JP 2017009061 W JP2017009061 W JP 2017009061W WO 2017154924 A1 WO2017154924 A1 WO 2017154924A1
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- 0 CC(C**=C1)C1=C Chemical compound CC(C**=C1)C1=C 0.000 description 6
- OENJDNXNAHSDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCc1cc(C(c(cc2CO)cc(CO)c2O)c(cc2CO)cc(CO)c2O)cc(CO)c1O Chemical compound OCc1cc(C(c(cc2CO)cc(CO)c2O)c(cc2CO)cc(CO)c2O)cc(CO)c1O OENJDNXNAHSDOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08G12/06—Amines
- C08G12/08—Amines aromatic
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
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- C09D161/00—Coating compositions based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D161/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C09D161/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/094—Multilayer resist systems, e.g. planarising layers
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- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/40—Treatment after imagewise removal, e.g. baking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/3065—Plasma etching; Reactive-ion etching
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- H10P50/246—
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- H10P50/692—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate having a patterned group III nitride compound layer.
- the present invention also provides a substrate on which a patterned mask layer is formed on a group III nitride compound layer, a method for manufacturing a compound semiconductor device having a group III nitride compound layer, and a group III nitride compound.
- the present invention also relates to a method for forming a pattern on a semiconductor substrate having a layer.
- a conventional GaN-based HEMT has a normally-on characteristic that is turned on even when no voltage is applied to the gate electrode. That is, a current flows between the source and drain even though no voltage is applied to the gate electrode. This has a safety problem during a power failure.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for dry etching with a gas containing Cl 2 while a substrate is heated to a high temperature of 200 ° C. to 600 ° C. as shown in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. This document describes that by using this etching method, a pattern such as a recess structure can be created without degrading the quality of the GaN semiconductor.
- a mask pattern as a base is required.
- the mask pattern is formed on a resist film by lithography.
- the resist material does not have high heat resistance. Therefore, when an etching method at a high temperature of 200 ° C. to 600 ° C. as shown in Patent Document 1 is used, the formed mask pattern is broken by reflow or decomposition. The problem occurs.
- the present invention can solve the above-mentioned problem, that is, the mask pattern formed even when using an etching method at a high temperature of 300 ° C. to 700 ° C. is patterned without being broken by reflow or decomposition.
- An object is to provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate having a group III nitride compound layer.
- the inventors of the present invention formed a patterned mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate, and then dried at 300 ° C. or more and 700 ° C. or less.
- the mask layer includes a polymer having a specific structure or a crosslinked structure of these polymers, the formed mask pattern is reflowed or The inventors have found that a semiconductor substrate having a group III nitride compound layer patterned without being destroyed by decomposition can be manufactured, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides, as a first aspect, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate having a patterned group III nitride compound layer, Forming a patterned mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate, and etching the group III nitride compound layer according to the mask pattern by dry etching at a temperature of 300 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the patterned mask layer has the following formula (1): (In the formula (1), Ar 1 and Ar 2 each represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and R 1 and R 2 are each a substituent of a hydrogen atom on the ring, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group , A hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a combination thereof, and the alkyl group ,
- the alkenyl group and the aryl group represent an organic group which may contain an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond
- R 3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a heterocyclic group, and the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the heterocyclic ring
- the group represents a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or an organic group which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, and R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a ring.
- n 1 and n 2 are each an integer of 0 to 3.
- the patterned mask layer includes a step of forming a mask layer on a group III nitride compound layer, a step of forming an organic film on the mask layer, and a lithography technique for the organic film. It relates to the manufacturing method according to the first aspect, which includes a step of forming an organic pattern by a step, and a step of patterning a mask layer through the organic pattern. As a third aspect, the patterned mask layer includes a step of forming a mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer, a step of forming a resist film on the mask layer, and a light to the resist film.
- the patterned mask layer includes a step of forming a mask layer on a group III nitride compound layer, a step of forming a hard mask on the mask layer, and on the hard mask.
- a step of forming an organic film, a step of forming an organic pattern on the organic film by a lithography technique, a step of patterning a hard mask through the organic pattern, and a patterning of a mask layer through the patterned hard mask The manufacturing method as described in a 1st viewpoint formed including the process to convert.
- the said mask layer is related with the manufacturing method as described in any one of the 1st viewpoint thru
- the mask forming composition relates to the manufacturing method according to the fifth aspect including a crosslinking agent.
- the mask forming composition relates to a manufacturing method according to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, which includes an acid and / or an acid generator.
- the present invention relates to a substrate on which the patterned mask layer according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is formed on the group III nitride compound layer.
- a method for manufacturing a compound semiconductor device having a group III nitride compound layer wherein the semiconductor substrate obtained by the manufacturing method according to any one of the first to seventh aspects is further processed. It is related with the manufacturing method including the process to do.
- a method for forming a pattern of a semiconductor substrate having a group III nitride compound layer Forming a patterned mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate, and etching the group III nitride compound layer according to the mask pattern by dry etching at a temperature of 300 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the patterned mask layer has the following formula (1): (In the formula (1), Ar 1 and Ar 2 each represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and R 1 and R 2 are each a substituent of a hydrogen atom on the ring, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group , A hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a combination thereof, and the alkyl group ,
- the alkenyl group and the aryl group represent an organic group which may contain an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond
- R 3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a heterocyclic group, and the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the heterocyclic ring
- the group represents a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or an organic group which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, and R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a ring.
- n 1 and n 2 are each an integer of 0 to 3.
- a manufacturing method can be provided.
- the semiconductor substrate manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention can be advantageously used in the manufacture of a compound semiconductor device having a group III nitride compound layer. Further, the manufacturing method of the present invention can suppress the change in the surface composition of the group III nitride compound layer and the generation of crystal defects by employing an etching method at a high temperature of 300 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the method for producing a semiconductor substrate having a patterned group III nitride compound layer according to the present invention includes: A step of forming a patterned mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate, and a dry etching at 300 ° C. to 700 ° C. for etching the group III nitride compound layer following the mask pattern.
- the patterned mask layer has the following formula (1): (In the formula (1), Ar 1 and Ar 2 each represent a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and R 1 and R 2 are each a substituent of a hydrogen atom on the ring, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group , A hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a combination thereof, and the alkyl group ,
- the alkenyl group and the aryl group represent an organic group which may contain an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond
- R 3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a heterocyclic group, and the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the heterocyclic ring
- the group represents a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or an organic group which may be substituted with a hydroxyl group, and R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded form a ring.
- n 1 and n 2 are each an integer of 0 to 3.
- Group III nitride compounds that can be used in the present invention include GaN, AlN, and InN, and preferably GaN.
- the patterned mask layer includes a polymer including a unit structure represented by the above formula (1) or a polymer including a unit structure represented by the above formula (2).
- a polymer containing the structural unit represented by the above formula (3), a polymer containing a combination of the unit structure represented by the formula (2) and the unit structure represented by the formula (3), or these polymers A crosslinked structure.
- the polymer including the unit structure represented by the above formula (1) has a weight average molecular weight of 600 to 1000000, or 600 to 200000.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 represent a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring, respectively, and R 1 and R 2 are each a substituent of a hydrogen atom on these rings, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxy group Selected from the group consisting of a group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof, and the alkyl group,
- the alkenyl group and the aryl group represent an organic group that may include an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond
- R 3 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10
- R 5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a heterocyclic group, and the alkyl group, the aryl group, and the heterocyclic ring
- the group is an organic group which may be substituted with a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or a hydroxy group, and R 4 and R 5 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form a ring. May be.
- n 1 and n 2 are each an integer of 0 to 3.
- halogen group examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, cyclopropyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, s-butyl group, and t-butyl group.
- Cyclobutyl group 1-methyl-cyclopropyl group, 2-methyl-cyclopropyl group, n-pentyl group, 1-methyl-n-butyl group, 2-methyl-n-butyl group, 3-methyl-n-butyl Group, 1,1-dimethyl-n-propyl group, 1,2-dimethyl-n-propyl group, 2,2-dimethyl-n-propyl group, 1-ethyl-n-propyl group, cyclopentyl group, 1-methyl -Cyclobutyl group, 2-methyl-cyclobutyl group, 3-methyl-cyclobutyl group, 1,2-dimethyl-cyclopropyl group, 2,3-dimethyl-cyclopropyl group, 1-ethyl-cyclopropyl group 2-ethyl-cyclopropyl group, n-hexyl group, 1-methyl-n-pentyl group, 2-methyl-n-pentyl group, 3-methyl-n-pentyl group,
- alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms examples include ethenyl group, 1-propenyl group, 2-propenyl group, 1-methyl-1-ethenyl group, 1-butenyl group, 2-butenyl group, 3-butenyl group, 2- Methyl-1-propenyl group, 2-methyl-2-propenyl group, 1-ethylethenyl group, 1-methyl-1-propenyl group, 1-methyl-2-propenyl group, 1-pentenyl group, 2-pentenyl group, 3 -Pentenyl group, 4-pentenyl group, 1-n-propylethenyl group, 1-methyl-1-butenyl group, 1-methyl-2-butenyl group, 1-methyl-3-butenyl group, 2-ethyl-2 -Propenyl group, 2-methyl-1-butenyl group, 2-methyl-2-butenyl group, 2-methyl-3-butenyl group, 3-methyl-1-butenyl group, 3-methyl-2-buten
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is, for example, methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, i-propoxy group, n-butoxy group, i-butoxy group, s-butoxy group, t-butoxy group, n -Pentoxy group, 1-methyl-n-butoxy group, 2-methyl-n-butoxy group, 3-methyl-n-butoxy group, 1,1-dimethyl-n-propoxy group, 1,2-dimethyl-n- Propoxy group, 2,2-dimethyl-n-propoxy group, 1-ethyl-n-propoxy group, n-hexyloxy group, 1-methyl-n-pentyloxy group, 2-methyl-n-pentyloxy group, 3 -Methyl-n-pentyloxy, 4-methyl-n-pentyloxy, 1,1-dimethyl-n-butoxy, 1,2-dimethyl-n-butoxy, 1,3-dimethyl-n-but Si group, 2,
- Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms include phenyl group, o-methylphenyl group, m-methylphenyl group, p-methylphenyl group, o-chlorophenyl group, m-chlorophenyl group, and p-chlorophenyl group.
- the heterocyclic group is preferably an organic group composed of a 5- to 6-membered heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.
- a pyrrole group, a furan group, a thiophene group, an imidazole group, an oxazole group, a thiazole group, a pyrazole group, An isoxazole group, an isothiazole group, a pyridine group, etc. are mentioned.
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom
- R 4 may be a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, or a pyrenyl group that may be substituted.
- R 3 can be a hydrogen atom or a phenyl group.
- a unit structure (a1) in which one of Ar 1 and Ar 2 is a benzene ring and the other is a naphthalene ring can be used.
- Ar 1 and Ar 2 may both be unit structures (a2) that form benzene rings.
- polymer containing the unit structure represented by said Formula (1) As a polymer containing the unit structure represented by said Formula (1), it can be set as the copolymer polymer containing the said unit structure (a1) and the said unit structure (a2). Moreover, as a polymer containing the unit structure represented by said Formula (1), the unit structure shown by Formula (1) and following formula (4) It can also be set as the copolymer containing the unit structure shown by these.
- R 6 is selected from the group consisting of an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms and a heterocyclic group, and the aryl group and heterocyclic group are a halogen group, Substituted with a nitro group, an amino group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a formyl group, a carboxyl group, or a hydroxy group
- R 7 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and a heterocyclic group, and the alkyl group, the aryl group and heterocyclic group may be substituted, a halogen group, a nitro group, an amino group, or be substituted by a hydroxyl group is also good organic group, and R 6 and R 7 together
- carbazoles are used for the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1), for example, carbazole, N-methylcarbazole, N-ethylcarbazole, 1,3,6,8-tetranitrocarbazole, 3,6 -Diaminocarbazole, 3,6-dibromo-9-ethylcarbazole, 3,6-dibromo-9-phenylcarbazole, 3,6-dibromocarbazole, 3,6-dichlorocarbazole, 3-amino-9-ethylcarbazole, 3 -Bromo-9-ethylcarbazole, 4,4'bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl, 4-glycidylcarbazole, 4-hydroxycarbazole, 9- (1H-benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl) -9H-carbazole 9-acetyl-3,6-diiodocarbazole, 9-be Zoylc
- triphenylamines are used for the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1), triphenylamines and substituted triphenylamines are exemplified, and examples of the substituent include the halogen group, nitro group, and amino group described above. , A hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or an ether bond, a ketone bond, or an ester bond. A combination of them is mentioned.
- Aldehydes used for the production of the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1) include formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propyl aldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, capronaldehyde, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, Hexyl aldehyde, undecane aldehyde, 7-methoxy-3, 7-dimethyloctyl aldehyde, cyclohexane aldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butyraldehyde, glyoxal, malonaldehyde, succinaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, glutaraldehyde, adipine aldehyde, etc.
- Saturated aliphatic aldehydes unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes such as acrolein, methacrolein, furfural, pyridine aldehyde, thiophene alde And other heterocyclic aldehydes, benzaldehyde, naphthaldehyde, anthracenecarboxaldehyde, phenylbenzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, terephthalaldehyde, pyrenecarboxaldehyde, phenanthrylaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, 3-phenylpropionaldehyde, tolylaldehyde And aromatic aldehydes such as (N, N-dimethylamino) benzaldehyde and acetoxybenzaldehyde.
- an aromatic aldehyde can be preferably used.
- ketones used for the production of the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1) are diaryl ketones such as diphenyl ketone, phenyl naphthyl ketone, dinaphthyl ketone, phenyl tolyl ketone, ditolyl ketone, 9- Examples include fluorenone.
- the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1) is a novolak resin (corresponding to the formula (1)) obtained by condensing amines such as diarylamine and aldehydes or ketones. In this condensation reaction, aldehydes or ketones can be used at a ratio of 0.1 to 10 equivalents per 1 equivalent of the phenyl group of amines such as diarylamine.
- Examples of the acid catalyst used in the above condensation reaction include mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and perchloric acid, organic sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, formic acid and oxalic acid. Carboxylic acids such as are used.
- the amount of the acid catalyst used is variously selected depending on the type of acids used. Usually, 0.001 to 10000 parts by mass, preferably 0.01 to 1000 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of carbazoles or the total of carbazoles and triphenylamines. Part by mass.
- the above condensation reaction is carried out without solvent, but is usually carried out using a solvent. Any solvent that does not inhibit the reaction can be used. Examples thereof include cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane.
- the acid catalyst used is a liquid such as formic acid, it can also serve as a solvent.
- the reaction temperature during the condensation is usually 40 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the reaction time is variously selected depending on the reaction temperature, but is usually about 30 minutes to 50 hours.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the formula (1) obtained as described above is usually 600 to 1000000, or 600 to 200000.
- the unit structure represented by the formula (2) represents a unit structure having a polyether structure
- the unit structure represented by the formula (3) represents a unit structure having a polyether ether ketone structure or a polyether ether sulfone structure.
- Ar 1 represents an organic group containing an arylene group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms. The organic group is divalent to tetravalent, for example.
- Ar 2 , Ar 3 , and Ar 4 each represents an organic group containing an arylene group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms, and T represents a carbonyl group or a sulfonyl group.
- the arylene group or heterocyclic group in the organic group represented by Ar 1 to Ar 4 can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the arylene group and the heterocyclic group are, for example, divalent to tetravalent.
- the arylene group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms is a divalent organic group corresponding to an aryl group, such as a phenyl group, an o-methylphenyl group, an m-methylphenyl group, a p-methylphenyl group, an o-chlorophenyl group, m-chlorophenyl group, p-chlorophenyl group, o-fluorophenyl group, p-fluorophenyl group, o-methoxyphenyl group, p-methoxyphenyl group, p-nitrophenyl group, p-cyanophenyl group, ⁇ - Naphtyl group, ⁇ -naphthyl group, o-biphenylyl group, m-biphenylyl group, p-biphenylyl group, 1-anthryl group, 2-anthryl group, 9-anthryl group, 1-phenanthryl group, 2-phenanthryl
- Heterocyclic groups correspond to heterocyclic rings such as pyrrole, thiophene, furan, imidazole, triazole, oxazole, thiazole, pyrazole, isoxazole, isothiazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine, pyran, carbazole, etc.
- An organic group can be used.
- the organic group containing an arylene group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms is the above arylene group alone or the above arylene group and a group containing a carbon-carbon triple bond and / or a group containing a carbon-carbon double bond. It can be used as a combination.
- an organic group containing an arylene group an organic group containing a fluorene structure or an organic group containing a biphenylene structure can be used.
- Examples of the unit structure represented by the formula (2) and the unit structure represented by the formula (3) include the following unit structures.
- a polymer containing a combination of the unit structures represented, or a crosslinked structure of these polymers has a weight average molecular weight of 600 to 1000000, preferably 1000 to 200000.
- the method of manufacturing a semiconductor substrate having a patterned group III nitride compound layer according to the present invention includes a step of forming a patterned mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate.
- the formation of the mask layer includes a polymer containing a unit structure represented by the above formula (1) or a polymer containing a unit structure represented by the above formula (2), the above formula (3)
- the mask forming composition is represented by the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the above formula (1), the polymer containing the unit structure represented by the above formula (2), or the above formula (3).
- a polymer containing a structural unit a polymer containing a combination of a unit structure represented by formula (2) and a unit structure represented by formula (3), or a crosslinked structure of these polymers, a crosslinking agent And an acid, and may contain an additive such as an acid generator and a surfactant as necessary.
- the solid content of the mask forming composition is 0.1 to 70% by mass, or 0.1 to 60% by mass. Solid content is a content rate of the remaining component remove
- the polymer can be contained in a solid content in a proportion of 1 to 100% by mass, or 1 to 99% by mass, or 50 to 99.9%.
- the mask forming composition can contain a crosslinking agent component.
- the cross-linking agent include melamine type, substituted urea type, or polymer type thereof.
- a cross-linking agent having at least two cross-linking substituents, methoxymethylated glycoluril, butoxymethylated glycoluril, methoxymethylated melamine, butoxymethylated melamine, methoxymethylated benzogwanamine, butoxymethylated benzogwanamine, Compounds such as methoxymethylated urea, butoxymethylated urea, methoxymethylated thiourea, or methoxymethylated thiourea.
- the condensate of these compounds can also be used.
- a crosslinking agent having high heat resistance can be used as the crosslinking agent.
- a compound containing a crosslinking-forming substituent having an aromatic ring for example, a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring
- this compound include a compound having a partial structure represented by the following formula (5), and a polymer or oligomer having a repeating unit represented by the following formula (6).
- R 7 and R 8 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms
- n7 represents an integer of 1 to 4
- n8 is 1 To an integer of (5-n7)
- n7 + n8 represents an integer of 2 to 5.
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 10 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- n9 represents an integer of 1 to 4
- n10 represents 0 To (4-n9)
- n9 + n10 represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- the oligomer and polymer can be used in the range of 2 to 100 or 2 to 50 repeating unit structures.
- the above compounds can be obtained as products of Asahi Organic Materials Co., Ltd. and Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the compound represented by the formula (C-21) can be obtained as Asahi Organic Materials Co., Ltd. under the trade name TM-BIP-A.
- the compound represented by the formula (C-22) among the above crosslinking agents can be obtained as Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name TMOM-BP.
- the addition amount of the crosslinking agent varies depending on the coating solvent used, the substrate used, the required solution viscosity, the required film shape, etc., but is 0.001 to 80% by mass, preferably 0, based on the total solid content.
- crosslinking agents may cause a crosslinking reaction by self-condensation, a polymer containing a unit structure represented by the above formula (1) or a polymer containing a unit structure represented by the above formula (2), A polymer containing the structural unit represented by the above formula (3), a polymer containing a combination of the unit structure represented by the formula (2) and the unit structure represented by the formula (3), or a combination of these polymers
- a crosslinking reaction can occur with these crosslinkable substituents.
- acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, pyridinium p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, sulfosalicylic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, naphthalenecarboxylic acid
- a compound or / and a thermal acid generator such as 2,4,4,6-tetrabromocyclohexadienone, benzoin tosylate, 2-nitrobenzyl tosylate, and other organic sulfonic acid alkyl esters can be blended.
- the blending amount is 0.0001 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.0005 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 3% by mass, based on the total solid content.
- the mask forming composition may contain a photoacid generator in order to match the acidity with the photoresist coated on the upper layer in the lithography process.
- Preferred photoacid generators include, for example, onium salt photoacid generators such as bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, and phenyl-bis (trichloromethyl) -s.
- -Halogen-containing compound photoacid generators such as triazine
- sulfonic acid photoacid generators such as benzoin tosylate and N-hydroxysuccinimide trifluoromethanesulfonate.
- the photoacid generator is 0.2 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.4 to 5% by mass, based on the total solid content.
- a further light absorber, rheology adjusting agent, adhesion aid, surfactant and the like can be added to the mask forming composition.
- the light absorbing agent examples include commercially available light absorbing agents described in “Technical Dye Technology and Market” (published by CMC) and “Dye Handbook” (edited by the Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry), such as C.I. I. Disperse Yellow 1,3,4,5,7,8,13,23,31,49,50,51,54,60,64,66,68,79,82,88,90,93,102,114 and 124; C.I. I. D isperse Orange 1,5,13,25,29,30,31,44,57,72 and 73; I. Disperse Red 1, 5, 7, 13, 17, 19, 43, 50, 54, 58, 65, 72, 73, 88, 117, 137, 143, 199 and 210; I.
- Disperse Violet 43; C.I. I. Disperse Blue 96; C.I. I. FluorescentesBrightening Agent 112, 135 and 163; I. Solvent Orange 2 and 45; I. Solvent Red 1, 3, 8, 23, 24, 25, 27 and 49; I. Pigment Green 10; C.I. I. Pigment Brown 2 or the like can be preferably used.
- the above light-absorbing agent is usually blended in a proportion of 10% by mass or less, preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the total solid content of the mask-forming composition.
- the rheology modifier is added mainly for the purpose of improving the fluidity of the mask-forming composition, particularly in the baking process, in order to improve the film thickness uniformity of the mask layer and to increase the filling property of the mask-forming composition into the holes.
- the Specific examples include phthalic acid derivatives such as dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate, butyl isodecyl phthalate, adipic acid derivatives such as dinormal butyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, diisooctyl adipate, octyl decyl adipate, Mention may be made of maleic acid derivatives such as normal butyl maleate, diethyl maleate and dinonyl maleate, oleic acid derivatives such as methyl oleate, butyl oleate and tetrahydrofurfuryl oleate, or
- the adhesion auxiliary agent is added mainly for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the substrate or the resist and the mask forming composition and preventing the resist from being peeled off particularly during development.
- Specific examples include chlorosilanes such as trimethylchlorosilane, dimethylvinylchlorosilane, methyldiphenylchlorosilane, chloromethyldimethylchlorosilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, methyldimethoxysilane, dimethylvinylethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, Alkoxysilanes such as enyltriethoxysilane, hexamethyldisilazane, N, N'-bis (trimethylsilyl) urea, silazanes such as dimethyltrimethylsilylamine, trimethylsilylimidazole, vinyltrichlorosilane, ⁇ -chloropropyltrimeth
- a surfactant can be blended in order to further improve applicability to surface unevenness.
- the surfactant include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl Polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers such as phenol ether, polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene block copolymers, sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan tristearate Sorbitan fatty acid esters such as rate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sol
- Nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as t
- ethylene glycol monomethyl ether ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, methyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene Recall monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol propyl ether acetate, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-propionate, ethyl 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, ethyl ethoxyacetate, Ethyl hydroxyacetate, methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl
- a high boiling point solvent such as propylene glycol monobutyl ether or propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate can be mixed and used.
- a high boiling point solvent such as propylene glycol monobutyl ether or propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, and cyclohexanone are preferable for improving the leveling property.
- the mask layer is formed by applying a mask forming composition on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate by an appropriate application method such as a spinner or a coater, followed by baking and curing.
- a mask forming composition on the group III nitride compound layer of the substrate by an appropriate application method such as a spinner or a coater, followed by baking and curing.
- the thickness of the mask layer is preferably 0.01 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the conditions for baking after coating are 80 to 350 ° C. and 0.5 to 120 minutes.
- the mask layer is formed from the mask forming composition by a spin coating method.
- the patterned mask layer comprises a step of forming a mask layer on a group III nitride compound layer, a step of forming an organic film on the mask layer, the organic layer
- the film may be formed including a step of forming an organic pattern by a lithography technique and a step of patterning a mask layer through the organic pattern.
- the material used for forming the organic film is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used as a photoresist, and a commonly used method can be adopted as the forming method.
- the organic pattern can be formed by a lithography technique using a method used in a normal lithography technique. For example, patterning with a light or electron beam through a photomask and subsequent development or nanoimprinting can be performed.
- the patterning of the mask layer via the organic pattern can be achieved by, for example, dry etching using O 2 gas or the like.
- the organic film is a resist film
- the formation of the organic pattern by the lithography technique is a resist pattern formation by light or electron beam irradiation and development on the resist film. preferable.
- the patterned mask layer includes a step of forming a mask layer on the group III nitride compound layer, a step of forming a hard mask on the mask layer, A step of forming an organic film on the hard mask, a step of forming an organic pattern on the organic film by a lithography technique, a step of patterning a hard mask via the organic pattern, and the patterned hard mask And a patterning step of the mask layer.
- the material used for forming the hard mask is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used as a hard mask, and the formation method can be a generally used method.
- a silicon-containing composition is preferably used. Examples thereof include a silicon-containing hard mask formed of the silicon-containing resist underlayer forming composition described in International Publication No. 2009/104552 pamphlet and International Publication No. 2011/102470 pamphlet.
- the material used for forming the organic film is not particularly limited as long as it is a material used as a photoresist, and a commonly used method can be adopted as the forming method.
- the formation of the organic pattern by the lithography technique can be achieved by light or electron beam pattern irradiation through a photomask and subsequent development, but a method used in a normal lithography technique can be adopted.
- the patterning of the hard mask through the organic pattern is achieved by, for example, dry etching using CF 4 gas or the like.
- the patterning of the mask layer via the patterned hard mask is achieved by, for example, dry etching using O 2 gas or the like.
- the method of manufacturing a semiconductor substrate having a patterned group III nitride compound layer according to the present invention also includes etching the group III nitride compound layer in accordance with the mask pattern by dry etching at 300 ° C. to 700 ° C. And forming a patterned group III nitride compound layer thereby.
- the dry etching at 300 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower is achieved by performing dry etching using an etching gas in a state where the temperature of the substrate is in the range of 300 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower.
- the etching gas may contain a rare gas such as He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, or Rn. Further, H 2 , O 2 , N 2 , CCl 3 , BCl 3 , and SiCl 4 having reducibility may be included. Therefore, as an etching gas containing Cl 2 , a mixed gas of Cl 2 and Ar, a mixed gas of Cl 2 , H 2 and Ar, a mixed gas of Cl 2 and BCl 3, and a mixed gas of Cl 2 and N 2 Etching gas containing Cl 2 is preferable.
- the temperature of the substrate is 300 ° C. or higher and 700 ° C. or lower, such as 300 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower, such as 400 ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower, such as 450 ° C. or higher and 550 ° C. or lower, eg 500 ° C.
- the etching time is usually about 1 to 5 minutes, but it depends on the degree of etching, the type of group III nitride compound layer to be etched, the state of the surface of the group III nitride compound layer, and the like. , Different time can be set.
- the manufacturing method of the present invention can suppress the change in the surface composition of the group III nitride compound layer and the generation of crystal defects by employing an etching method at a high temperature of 300 ° C. to 700 ° C.
- the present invention also relates to a substrate in which the above-described patterned mask layer is formed on a group III nitride compound layer.
- the group III nitride compound layer in the substrate described above has suppressed surface composition changes and generation of crystal defects, and the pattern is reflowed or decomposed even at high temperatures on the group III nitride compound layer. Since the patterned mask layer which does not collapse by the above is formed, the subsequent semiconductor formation can be advantageously performed.
- the present invention also relates to a manufacturing method of a compound semiconductor device having a group III nitride compound layer, which further includes a step of processing the semiconductor substrate obtained by the manufacturing method.
- the processing includes, for example, a step of growing a crystal (AlGaN or the like) on a patterned group III nitride compound layer and a step of producing an electrode.
- the group III nitride compound layer in the substrate is suppressed from changing the surface composition and the occurrence of crystal defects, and the group III nitride compound layer is also formed at a high temperature on the group III nitride compound layer. Since a patterned mask layer is formed in which the pattern does not collapse by reflow or decomposition, the compound semiconductor device can be advantageously manufactured.
- Synthesis example 1 In a flask equipped with a stirrer, a reflux condenser and a thermometer, 28.04 g of 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, 13.97 g of 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone, 12.32 g of potassium carbonate, N-methyl 162.56 g of -2-pyrrolidinone was added. Thereafter, the inside of the flask was purged with nitrogen, and then the internal temperature was heated to 140 ° C. and reacted for about 24 hours.
- the filtrate is recovered by filtration in order to remove the precipitate, and about 90:10 mixture of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and 2 mol / l hydrochloric acid is used. Mix with 10 ml. Thereafter, the reaction filtrate was poured into methanol for reprecipitation purification. Further, the precipitate was washed with water and methanol and vacuum dried at 85 ° C. for about 1 day to obtain a polyether used in the present invention. The obtained polymer corresponded to Formula (1-1).
- the weight average molecular weight was 6900 in terms of standard polystyrene, and the polydispersity Mw / Mn was 1.83.
- Synthesis example 2 In a 100 mL four-necked flask, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine (8.00 g, 0.036 mol, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde (8.39 g, 0.036 mol, Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Product), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.727 g, 0.0036 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and 1,4-dioxane (21.03 g, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) were added and stirred. Then, the temperature was raised to 110 ° C. and dissolved to initiate polymerization.
- the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature and then reprecipitated into methanol (400 g, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.).
- methanol 400 g, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- the obtained precipitate was filtered and dried in a vacuum dryer at 50 ° C. for 10 hours, further 120 ° C. for 24 hours, and 8.4 g of the target polymer (formula (1-2), hereinafter abbreviated as pNPNA-Py) was obtained. Obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw measured by GPC of pNPA-Py in terms of polystyrene was 1000, and the polydispersity Mw / Mn was 1.37.
- Example 1 A mask forming composition solution was prepared by dissolving 3 g of the resin obtained in Synthesis Example 1 in 12 g of cyclohexanone to obtain a solution.
- Example 2 To 2.0 g of the polymer obtained in Synthesis Example 1, 0.3 g of a trade name TMOM-BP (produced by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., formula (C-22)) is used as a crosslinking agent, and TAG-2629 (Enomoto Kasei Co., Ltd.) is used as a catalyst. )) 0.05 g, 0.004 g of a trade name Megafax R-40LM (manufactured by DIC Corporation) as a surfactant is mixed, 4.23 g of PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), PGME (propylene glycol monomethyl ether) A solution was prepared by dissolving in 4.23 g and 12.68 g of cyclohexanone. Then, it filtered using the polyethylene micro filter with a hole diameter of 0.10 micrometer, and prepared the mask formation composition.
- TMOM-BP produced by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., formula (C-22)
- TAG-2629 En
- Example 3 To 2.0 g of the polymer obtained in Synthesis Example 2, 0.4 g of a trade name TMOM-BP (produced by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., formula (C-22)) as a crosslinking agent, and 0.06 g of pyridinium paratoluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst As a surfactant, 0.001 g of a trade name Megafax R-40LM (manufactured by DIC Corporation) is mixed, 7.31 g of PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate), 2.44 g of PGMEA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether) and cyclohexanone A solution was prepared by dissolving in 14.63 g. Then, it filtered using the polyethylene micro filter with a hole diameter of 0.10 micrometer, and prepared the mask formation composition.
- TMOM-BP produced by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., formula (C-22)
- Comparative Example 2 A solution was prepared by dissolving 3 g of polyethylene glycol (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) having a molecular weight of 1000 in 12 g of propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.
- Test Example 1 (Film heat resistance test) The mask forming composition solutions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were applied on a silicon wafer using a spin coater. It was baked on a hot plate at 240 ° C. for 1 minute + 400 ° C. for 1 minute to form a mask layer (film thickness 0.20 ⁇ m). The film on the wafer was scraped off to obtain a powder of the mask layer. The obtained powder was heated at a rate of 10 ° C. for 1 minute and subjected to thermogravimetric analysis in the air, and the temperature at which the mass decreased by 5 percent was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
- each mask forming composition solution prepared in Examples 1 to 3 was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spin coater. After baking at 240 ° C. for 1 minute on a hot plate, baking was performed at 450 ° C. for 1 minute to form a mask layer (film thickness 200 nm). Further, a silicon hard mask forming composition solution corresponding to Example 15 in the pamphlet of International Publication No. 2009/104552 was applied on the mask and baked at 240 ° C. for 1 minute to form a silicon hard mask layer (film thickness 40 nm). . A resist solution was applied thereon and baked at 100 ° C.
- etching apparatus the following etching apparatus owned by Nagoya University was used. Like a general etching apparatus, it is composed of a reaction chamber, a voltage application section, a partition, a gas chamber, a gas supply chamber, and the like, and is an apparatus that generates capacitively coupled plasma (CCP). A heating function is given to the stage in the reaction chamber where the wafer on which the film to be etched is formed is placed, and the temperature can be raised to 600 ° C.
- the gas used for etching was a mixed gas of Cl 2 and N 2 , and the pressure was 20 Pa.
- the upper power was set to 200 W
- the lower bias power was set to 200 W
- the etching time was 1 minute.
- the temperature of the heating stage was changed to 250, 300, 400, and 500 ° C., and the pattern change before and after etching was confirmed by SEM.
- the results are shown in Table 2. Corresponding SEM photographs are shown in FIGS.
- the solution of the mask forming composition prepared in Example 2 was applied onto a wafer on which GaN was formed using a spin coater. After baking at 240 ° C. for 1 minute on a hot plate, baking was performed at 450 ° C. for 1 minute to form a mask layer (film thickness 300 nm). Further, a silicon hard mask forming composition solution corresponding to Example 15 in the pamphlet of International Publication No. 2009/104552 is applied on the mask layer and baked at 240 ° C. for 1 minute to form a silicon hard mask layer (film thickness: 35 nm). Formed.
- a resist solution was applied thereon and baked at 90 ° C. for 90 seconds to form a resist layer (film thickness 1100 nm).
- a resist pattern was obtained. When one of the pattern sizes was confirmed, the line width was about 7 ⁇ m.
- dry etching was performed with a fluorine-based gas (component is CF 4 ), and the resist pattern was transferred to a hard mask.
- dry etching was performed with an oxygen-based gas (component is O 2 ) to transfer the hard mask pattern to the mask layer.
- the etching apparatus the following etching apparatus owned by Nagoya University was used. Like a general etching apparatus, it is composed of a reaction chamber, a voltage application unit, a partition, a gas chamber, a gas supply chamber, and the like, and is an apparatus that generates inductively coupled plasma (ICP). A heating function is given to the stage in the reaction chamber where the wafer on which the film to be etched is formed is placed, and the temperature can be raised to 600 ° C.
- the gas used for etching was Cl 2 gas, and the pressure was 20 Pa.
- the upper power was set to 400 W, the lower bias power was set to 15 W, and the etching time was 6 minutes.
- the temperature of the heating stage was set to 500 ° C., and the pattern change before and after etching was confirmed by SEM. The obtained SEM photograph is shown in FIG. Even after GaN was etched, the upper mask layer had a sufficient remaining film, and was confirmed to be useful as an etching mask.
- Examples 1 to 3 can maintain the pattern shape even when etching is performed under high temperature. Thus, it has a function as an etching mask even at high temperatures, and can be said to be useful for this process.
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Abstract
Description
該基板のIII族窒化物系化合物層の上にパターン化されたマスク層を形成する工程、及び
300℃以上700℃以下のドライエッチングにより前記III族窒化物系化合物層を該マスクパターンに倣いエッチングし、これによりパターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を形成する工程を含み、
前記パターン化されたマスク層は、下記式(1):
R3は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及びアリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R4は炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、ホルミル基、カルボキシル基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、
R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、若しくは水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、そしてR4とR5はそれらが結合する炭素原子と一緒になって環を形成していてもよい。n1及びn2はそれぞれ0乃至3の整数である。)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーを含むか、又は、
下記式(2):
下記式(3):
第2観点として、前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上に有機膜を形成する工程、該有機膜をリソグラフィ技術により有機パターンを形成する工程、及び該有機パターンを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される第1観点に記載の製造方法に関する。
第3観点として、前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上にレジスト膜を形成する工程、該レジスト膜への光又は電子線の照射と現像によりレジストパターンを形成する工程、及び該レジストパターンを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される第2観点に記載の製造方法に関する。
第4観点として、前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上にハードマスクを形成する工程、該ハードマスクの上に有機膜を形成する工程、該有機膜をリソグラフィ技術により有機パターンを形成する工程、該有機パターンを介してハードマスクをパターン化する工程、及び該パターン化されたハードマスクを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される第1観点に記載の製造方法に関する。
第5観点として、前記マスク層は、スピンコート法にてマスク形成組成物から形成される第1観点乃至第4観点の何れか1つに記載の製造方法に関する。
第6観点として、前記マスク形成組成物は、架橋剤を含む第5観点に記載の製造方法に関する。
第7観点として、前記マスク形成組成物は、酸及び/又は酸発生剤を含む第5観点又は第6観点記載の製造方法に関する。
第8観点として、前記III族窒化物系化合物層の上に、第1観点乃至第7観点の何れか1つに記載のパターン化されたマスク層が形成された基板に関する。
第9観点として、III族窒化物系化合物層を有する化合物半導体装置の製造方法であって、第1観点乃至第7観点の何れか1つに記載の製造方法により得られた半導体基板を更に加工する工程を含む製造方法に関する。
第10観点として、III族窒化物系化合物層を有する半導体基板のパターン形成方法であって、
該基板のIII族窒化物系化合物層の上にパターン化されたマスク層を形成する工程、及び
300℃以上700℃以下のドライエッチングにより前記III族窒化物系化合物層を該マスクパターンに倣いエッチングし、これによりパターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を形成する工程を含み、
前記パターン化されたマスク層は、下記式(1):
R3は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及びアリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R4は炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、ホルミル基、カルボキシル基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、
R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、若しくは水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、そしてR4とR5はそれらが結合する炭素原子と一緒になって環を形成していてもよい。n1及びn2はそれぞれ0乃至3の整数である。)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーを含むか、又は、
下記式(2):
下記式(3):
本発明の製造方法により製造された半導体基板は、III族窒化物系化合物層を有する化合物半導体装置の製造において有利に使用し得る。
また、本発明の製造方法は、300℃から700℃という高温でのエッチング法を採用することで、III族窒化物系化合物層の表面組成の変化や結晶欠陥の発生を抑制することができる。
本発明の、パターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を有する半導体基板の製造方法は、
基板のIII族窒化物系化合物層の上にパターン化されたマスク層を形成する工程、及び
300℃以上700℃以下のドライエッチングにより前記III族窒化物系化合物層を該マスクパターンに倣いエッチングし、これによりパターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を形成する工程を含み、
前記パターン化されたマスク層は、下記式(1):
R3は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及びアリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R4は炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、ホルミル基、カルボキシル基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、
R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、若しくは水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、そしてR4とR5はそれらが結合する炭素原子と一緒になって環を形成していてもよい。n1及びn2はそれぞれ0乃至3の整数である。)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーを含むか、又は、
下記式(2):
下記式(3):
式(1)中、Ar1、及びAr2はそれぞれベンゼン環、ナフタレン環を示し、R1及びR2はそれぞれこれら環上の水素原子の置換基でありハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及び該アリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R3は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及び該アリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R4は炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、ホルミル基、カルボキシル基、又はヒドロキシ基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、
R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、若しくはヒドロキシ基で置換されていてもよい有機基であり、そしてR4とR5はそれらが結合する炭素原子と一緒になって環を形成していてもよい。n1及びn2はそれぞれ0乃至3の整数である。
炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、シクロプロピル基、n-ブチル基、i-ブチル基、s-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロブチル基、1-メチル-シクロプロピル基、2-メチル-シクロプロピル基、n-ペンチル基、1-メチル-n-ブチル基、2-メチル-n-ブチル基、3-メチル-n-ブチル基、1,1-ジメチル-n-プロピル基、1,2-ジメチル-n-プロピル基、2,2-ジメチル-n-プロピル基、1-エチル-n-プロピル基、シクロペンチル基、1-メチル-シクロブチル基、2-メチル-シクロブチル基、3-メチル-シクロブチル基、1,2-ジメチル-シクロプロピル基、2,3-ジメチル-シクロプロピル基、1-エチル-シクロプロピル基、2-エチル-シクロプロピル基、n-ヘキシル基、1-メチル-n-ペンチル基、2-メチル-n-ペンチル基、3-メチル-n-ペンチル基、4-メチル-n-ペンチル基、1,1-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、1,2-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、1,3-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、2,2-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、2,3-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、3,3-ジメチル-n-ブチル基、1-エチル-n-ブチル基、2-エチル-n-ブチル基、1,1,2-トリメチル-n-プロピル基、1,2,2-トリメチル-n-プロピル基、1-エチル-1-メチル-n-プロピル基、1-エチル-2-メチル-n-プロピル基、シクロヘキシル基、1-メチル-シクロペンチル基、2-メチル-シクロペンチル基、3-メチル-シクロペンチル基、1-エチル-シクロブチル基、2-エチル-シクロブチル基、3-エチル-シクロブチル基、1,2-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、1,3-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、2,2-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、2,3-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、2,4-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、3,3-ジメチル-シクロブチル基、1-n-プロピル-シクロプロピル基、2-n-プロピル-シクロプロピル基、1-i-プロピル-シクロプロピル基、2-i-プロピル-シクロプロピル基、1,2,2-トリメチル-シクロプロピル基、1,2,3-トリメチル-シクロプロピル基、2,2,3-トリメチル-シクロプロピル基、1-エチル-2-メチル-シクロプロピル基、2-エチル-1-メチル-シクロプロピル基、2-エチル-2-メチル-シクロプロピル基及び2-エチル-3-メチル-シクロプロピル基等が挙げられる。
また、上記式(1)で表される単位構造はR3が水素原子又はフェニル基とすることができる。
上記式(1)で表される単位構造においてAr1とAr2は、いずれか一方がベンゼン環であり他方がナフタレン環である単位構造(a1)を用いることができる。また、上記式(1)で表される単位構造においてAr1とAr2は、共にベンゼン環となる単位構造(a2)を用いることができる。
また、上記の式(1)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーとしては、式(1)で示される単位構造と下記式(4)
これらの置換基やアルキル基、アリール基、複素環基は上述の例示を用いることができる。
上記の式(1)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーとしては、上記単位構造(a1)と上記式(4)で示される単位構造を含む共重合体とすることができる。
この縮合反応ではジアリールアミン等のアミン類のフェニル基1当量に対して、アルデヒド類又はケトン類を0.1乃至10当量の割合で用いることができる。
以上のようにして得られる式(1)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーの重量平均分子量Mwは、通常600乃至1000000、又は600乃至200000である。
式(2)で表される単位構造はポリエーテル構造を有する単位構造を表し、式(3)で表される単位構造はポリエーテルエーテルケトン構造又はポリエーテルエーテルスルホン構造を有する単位構造を表す。
式(2)で表される単位構造において、Ar1は炭素数6乃至50のアリーレン基又は複素環基を含む有機基を表す。該有機基は例えば2乃至4価を示す。また、式(3)中、Ar2、Ar3、及びAr4はそれぞれ炭素数6乃至50のアリーレン基又は複素環基を含む有機基を表し、Tはカルボニル基またはスルホニル基を表す。Ar1乃至Ar4で表される有機基中のアリーレン基又は複素環基は、それぞれ一種又は二種以上の組み合わせとして用いることができる。該アリーレン基及び該複素環基は例えば2乃至4価を示す。
また、上記アリーレン基を含む有機基としては、フルオレン構造を含む有機基、又はビフェニレン構造を含む有機基を用いることができる。
上記マスク層の形成は、上記の式(1)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーを含むか、又は、上記の式(2)で表される単位構造を含むポリマー、上記の式(3)で表される構造単位を含むポリマー、若しくは、式(2)で表される単位構造及び式(3)で表される単位構造の組み合わせを含むポリマー、或いは、これらポリマーの架橋構造体を含むマスク形成組成物を用いて、III族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成される。
マスク形成組成物の固形分は0.1乃至70質量%、または0.1乃至60質量%である。固形分はマスク形成組成物から溶剤を除いた残りの成分の含有割合である。固形分中に上記ポリマーを1乃至100質量%、または1乃至99質量%、または50乃至99.9%の割合で含有することができる。
この化合物は下記式(5)で表される部分構造を有する化合物や、下記式(6)で表される繰り返し単位を有するポリマー又はオリゴマーが挙げられる。
架橋剤の添加量は、使用する塗布溶剤、使用する基板、要求される溶液粘度、要求される膜形状などにより変動するが、全固形分に対して0.001乃至80質量%、好ましくは 0.01乃至50質量%、さらに好ましくは0.05乃至40質量%である。これら架橋剤は自己縮合による架橋反応を起こすこともあるが、上記の式(1)で表される単位構造を含むポリマー、又は、上記の式(2)で表される単位構造を含むポリマー、上記の式(3)で表される構造単位を含むポリマー、若しくは、式(2)で表される単位構造及び式(3)で表される単位構造の組み合わせを含むポリマー、或いは、これらポリマーの架橋構造体中に架橋性置換基が存在する場合は、それらの架橋性置換基と架橋反応を起こすことができる。
マスク形成組成物には、上記以外に必要に応じて更なる吸光剤、レオロジー調整剤、接着補助剤、界面活性剤などを添加することができる。
好ましくは、マスク層は、スピンコート法にてマスク形成組成物から形成される。
本発明の製造方法における1態様において、パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上に有機膜を形成する工程、該有機膜をリソグラフィ技術により有機パターンを形成する工程、及び該有機パターンを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成され得る。
例えば、上記の製造方法において、上記有機膜がレジスト膜であり、上記リソグラフィ技術による有機パターンの形成が、該レジスト膜への光又は電子線の照射と現像によるレジストパターンの形成である製造方法が好ましい。
エッチングを実施する時間は、通常、1分~5分程度であるが、エッチングの程度、エッチング対象となるIII族窒化物系化合物層の種類、III族窒化物系化合物層の面の状態等によって、異なる時間を設定することができる。
上記の基板におけるIII族窒化物系化合物層は、表面組成の変化や結晶欠陥の発生を抑制されており、また、該III族窒化物系化合物層上には、高温においてもパターンがリフローや分解によって崩れないパターン化されたマスク層が形成されているため、以降の半導体形成を有利に行うことができる。
加工とは、例えばパターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層上に結晶(AlGaN等)を成長させる工程、電極を作製する工程が挙げられる。
上述のように、上記の基板におけるIII族窒化物系化合物層は、表面組成の変化や結晶欠陥の発生を抑制されており、また、該III族窒化物系化合物層上には、高温においてもパターンがリフローや分解によって崩れないパターン化されたマスク層が形成されているため、化合物半導体装置の製造を有利に行うことができる。
攪拌装置、還流器、温度計を備えているフラスコに9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン28.04g、4,4’-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン13.97g、炭酸カリウム12.32g、N-メチル-2-ピロリジノン162.56gを入れた。その後フラスコ内を窒素置換した後、内温が140℃まで加熱し約24時間反応させた。合成されたポリマーを室温まで冷却させた後、沈殿物を取り除くために、ろ過してろ液を回収し、N-メチル-2-ピロリジノンと2mol/l塩酸の体積比が90:10の混合液約10mlと混合させた。その後メタノールに反応ろ液を投入し再沈殿精製を行った。
さらに沈殿物を水とメタノールにて沈殿物を洗浄し、85℃で約1日真空乾燥させ本発明で用いられるポリエーテルを得た。得られたポリマーは式(1-1)に相当した。得られたエーテル構造を有するポリマーのGPC分析を行ったところ、標準ポリスチレン換算にて重量平均分子量は6900、多分散度Mw/Mnは1.83であった。
100mL四口フラスコにN-フェニル-1-ナフチルアミン(8.00g、0.036mol、東京化成工業(株)製)、1-ピレンカルボキシアルデヒド(8.39g、0.036mol、東京化成工業(株)製)、パラトルエンスルホン酸一水和物(0.727g、0.0036mol、関東化学(株)製)を加え、1,4-ジオキサン(21.03g、関東化学(株)製)を仕込み撹拌し、110℃まで昇温し溶解させ重合を開始した。12時間後室温まで放冷後、メタノール(400g、関東化学(株)製)へ再沈殿させた。得られた沈殿物をろ過し、減圧乾燥機で50℃、10時間さらに120℃、24時間乾燥し、目的とするポリマー(式(1-2)、以下pNPNA-Pyと略す)8.4gを得た。
pNPA-PyのGPCによるポリスチレン換算で測定される重量平均分子量Mwは1000、多分散度Mw/Mnは1.37であった。
合成例1で得た樹脂3gに、シクロヘキサノン12gに溶解させ溶液とし、マスク形成組成物の溶液を調製した。
合成例1で得たポリマー2.0gに、架橋剤として商品名TMOM-BP(本州化学工業(株)製、式(C-22))0.3g、触媒としてTAG-2689(楠本化成(株))0.05g、界面活性剤として商品名メガファックR-40LM(DIC(株)製)0.004gを混合し、PGMEA(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)4.23g、PGME(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル)4.23gとシクロヘキサノン12.68gに溶解させ溶液とした。その後、孔径0.10μmのポリエチレン製ミクロフィルターを用いてろ過して、マスク形成組成物を調製した。
合成例2で得たポリマー2.0gに、架橋剤として商品名TMOM-BP(本州化学工業(株)製、式(C-22))0.4g、触媒としてピリジニウムパラトルエンスルホン酸0.06g、界面活性剤として商品名メガファックR-40LM(DIC(株)製)0.001gを混合し、PGMEA(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)7.31g、PGME(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル)2.44gとシクロヘキサノン14.63gに溶解させ溶液とした。その後、孔径0.10μmのポリエチレン製ミクロフィルターを用いてろ過して、マスク形成組成物を調製した。
クレゾールノボラック樹脂(市販品、重量平均分子量は4000)の溶液を使用した。
分子量が1000のポリエチレングリコール(東京化成工業株式会社製)3gに、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート12gに溶解させ溶液とした。
実施例1~3、比較例1~2で調製したマスク形成組成物の溶液を、スピンコーターを用いてシリコンウェハー上に塗布した。ホットプレート上で240℃1分間+400℃1分間焼成し、マスク層(膜厚0.20μm)を形成した。ウェハ上の膜を削り取り、マスク層の粉末体を得た。得られた粉末を1分間で10℃の割合で加熱して大気中で熱重量分析を行い、質量が5パーセント減少する温度を測定した。結果を表1に示した。
高温エッチングを実施した際のパターンの形状を確認した。最初に実施例1~3で調整した各マスク形成組成物の溶液を、スピンコーターを用いてそれぞれシリコンウェハ上に塗布した。ホットプレート上で240℃1分間の焼成の後、450℃1分間焼成してマスク層(膜厚200nm)を形成した。さらにマスク上に国際公開第2009/104552号パンフレット中の実施例15に該当するシリコンハードマスク形成組成物溶液を塗布し、240℃で1分間焼成しシリコンハードマスク層(膜厚40nm)を形成した。その上にレジスト溶液を塗布し、100℃で1分間焼成しレジスト層(膜厚120nm)を形成した。フォトマスクを用いて波長193nmで露光し、露光後加熱PEB(105℃で1分間)を行った後、現像してラインアンドスペースのレジストパターンを得た。その後、フッ素系ガス(成分はCF4)でドライエッチングを行い、レジストパターンをハードマスクに転写した。その後、酸素系ガス(成分はO2)でドライエッチングを行い、ハードマスクパターンをマスク層に転写した。このマスク層のパターンのサイズ(幅)を測長走査型電子顕微鏡で確認したところ、57nmであった。
上記マスク層のパターンに対して高温エッチングを実施して、パターン形状が保持されるかを確認した。エッチング装置は名古屋大学保有の次のようなエッチング装置を用いた。一般的なエッチング装置と同様に反応室、電圧印加部、隔壁、ガス室、ガス供給室等で構成されており、容量結合型プラズマ(CCP)が発生する装置である。被エッチング膜が製膜されているウェハを置く反応室内のステージに加熱機能が付与されており、600℃まで温度を上昇させることが可能である。エッチングに用いたガスはCl2とN2の混合ガスで、圧力は20Paで実施した。上部電力を200W、下部バイアス電力200Wに設定し、エッチング時間は1分間で実施した。加熱ステージの温度を250、300、400及び500℃と温度を変化させ、エッチング前後でのパターンの変化をSEMにて確認した。その結果を表2に示した。また、対応するSEM写真を図1~図12に示した。
GaNを高温エッチングした際のパターンの形状を確認した。最初に実施例2で調整したマスク形成組成物の溶液を、スピンコーターを用いてGaNが製膜されたウェハ上に塗布した。ホットプレート上で240℃1分間の焼成の後、450℃1分間焼成してマスク層(膜厚300nm)を形成した。さらに該マスク層上に国際公開第2009/104552号パンフレット中の実施例15に該当するシリコンハードマスク形成組成物溶液を塗布し、240℃で1分間焼成しシリコンハードマスク層(膜厚35nm)を形成した。その上にレジスト溶液を塗布し、90℃で90秒間焼成しレジスト層(膜厚1100nm)を形成した。I線アライナーにて露光し、露光後加熱PEB(110℃で1分間)を行った後、NMD-3溶液で現像して、1~10μmの間で、複数のパターン線幅を有するラインアンドスペースのレジストパターンを得た。その中の1つのパターンサイズを確認したところ、約7μmの線幅であった。その後、フッ素系ガス(成分はCF4)でドライエッチングを行い、レジストパターンをハードマスクに転写した。その後、酸素系ガス(成分はO2)でドライエッチングを行い、ハードマスクパターンをマスク層に転写した。
Claims (9)
- パターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を有する半導体基板の製造方法であって、
該基板のIII族窒化物系化合物層の上にパターン化されたマスク層を形成する工程、及び
300℃以上700℃以下のドライエッチングにより前記III族窒化物系化合物層を該マスクパターンに倣いエッチングし、これによりパターン化されたIII族窒化物系化合物層を形成する工程を含み、
前記パターン化されたマスク層は、下記式(1):
(式(1)中、Ar1、及びAr2はそれぞれベンゼン環、又はナフタレン環を表し、R1及びR2はそれぞれこれら環上の水素原子の置換基でありハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、ヒドロキシ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及び該アリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R3は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数2乃至10のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アルケニル基及びアリール基は、エーテル結合、ケトン結合、若しくはエステル結合を含んでいてもよい有機基を表し、
R4は炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、ホルミル基、カルボキシル基、又は水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、
R5は水素原子、炭素原子数1乃至10のアルキル基、炭素原子数6乃至40のアリール基、及び複素環基からなる群より選択され、かつ、該アルキル基、該アリール基及び該複素環基は、ハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アミノ基、若しくは水酸基で置換されていてもよい有機基を表し、そしてR4とR5はそれらが結合する炭素原子と一緒になって環を形成していてもよい。n1及びn2はそれぞれ0乃至3の整数である。)で表される単位構造を含むポリマーを含むか、又は、
下記式(2):
(式(2)中、Ar1は炭素数6乃至50のアリーレン基又は複素環基を含む有機基を表す。)で表される単位構造を含むポリマー、
下記式(3):
(式(3)中、Ar2、Ar3、及びAr4はそれぞれ炭素数6乃至50のアリーレン基又は複素環基を含む有機基を表し、Tはカルボニル基またはスルホニル基を表す。)で表される構造単位を含むポリマー、若しくは、式(2)で表される単位構造及び式(3)で表される単位構造の組み合わせを含むポリマー、或いは、これらポリマーの架橋構造体を含むことを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上に有機膜を形成する工程、該有機膜をリソグラフィ技術により有機パターンを形成する工程、及び該有機パターンを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上にレジスト膜を形成する工程、該レジスト膜への光又は電子線の照射と現像によりレジストパターンを形成する工程、及び該レジストパターンを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記パターン化されたマスク層は、マスク層をIII族窒化物系化合物層の上に形成する工程、該マスク層の上にハードマスクを形成する工程、該ハードマスクの上に有機膜を形成する工程、該有機膜をリソグラフィ技術により有機パターンを形成する工程、該有機パターンを介してハードマスクをパターン化する工程、及び該パターン化されたハードマスクを介してマスク層をパターン化する工程を含みて形成される請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記マスク層は、スピンコート法にてマスク形成組成物から形成される請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記マスク形成組成物は、架橋剤を含む請求項5に記載の製造方法。
- 前記マスク形成組成物は、酸及び/又は酸発生剤を含む請求項5又は請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 前記III族窒化物系化合物層の上に、請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載のパターン化されたマスク層が形成された基板。
- III族窒化物系化合物層を有する化合物半導体装置の製造方法であって、請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載の製造方法により得られた半導体基板を更に加工する工程を含む製造方法。
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| KR102357740B1 (ko) | 2022-02-03 |
| US20190225731A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 |
| KR20190006944A (ko) | 2019-01-21 |
| JP2022095804A (ja) | 2022-06-28 |
| TW201805320A (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
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