WO2017033214A1 - Vane-type air motor - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a vane-type air motor which provides a significant increase in output and a high efficiency despite using a cylinder and a rotor having a volume and a weight comparable to those in the prior art, and the manufacture and maintenance of which are not difficult. A cross section between an air exhaust opening 6 and an air supply opening 5 of a pressure chamber 13 is formed as a small-radius arc 131 which is superimposed on an outer peripheral surface 23 of a rotor 2, and a true-circular large-radius arc 132 having a greater radius than the radius of the rotor 2 is formed continuously with both ends of the small-radius arc 131, wherein the air exhaust opening 6 and the air supply opening 5 are disposed without a gap at the ends of the part where the small-radius arc 131 and the large-radius arc 132 meet each other.

Description

Vane type air motor

The present invention relates to an air motor, and more particularly to a vane type air motor which receives and rotationally drives compressed air supplied into a cylinder by means of a vane which is ejected and retracted on an outer peripheral surface of a rotor.

A vane-type air motor is known as one of the conventional air motor types, and a conventional general vane-type air motor is, as shown in FIG. In the cylinder 1 having the air supply port 5, the air exhaust port 6 and the remaining air exhaust port 62, the rotor 2 whose diameter is smaller than the pressure chamber 13 and whose cross section is a perfect circle is the center position of the cylinder 1 , And the vanes 9 are slidably inserted in the plurality of grooves 8 radially formed on the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 along the forming direction, The rotor 2 is rotated by supplying high pressure air from the air supply port 5 to a space 91 formed by the rotor 2, the vanes 9 and the cylinder 1.

However, in the conventional vane type air motor shown in FIG. 5, since the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13 is formed in a perfect circle and the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is formed in a perfect circle, the inside of the pressure chamber 13 is The junction between the circumferential surface 113 and the outer circumferential surface 23 of the rotor 2 is in line contact, and high pressure air supplied between the pressure chamber 13 and the rotor 2 from the air supply port 5 leaks to the remaining air discharge port 62 side. The situation occurs that the rotational torque of the rotor 2 does not reach the set value.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the junction between the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13 and the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is in surface contact as shown in FIG. A vane type air motor is disclosed which prevents the high pressure air supplied between them from leaking to the remaining air outlet 62 side to improve the output.

The vane type air motor presented in this publication has an inner peripheral surface formed between the air supply port 5 communicating with the pressure chamber 13 formed in the cylinder 1 and the remaining air discharge port 62 as shown in FIG. The small diameter arc 131 is formed to have the same diameter as the cross sectional outline of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 and has center points C3 and C4 at positions away from the center line passing through the center point C2 of the small diameter arc 131 A plurality of large diameter arcs 133 and 134 are continuously formed at both ends of the small diameter arc 131, and the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 is disposed between the air supply port 5 of the pressure chamber 13 and the remaining air discharge port 62. Small-diameter arcs 131 having arcs of the same diameter make surface contact with each other to prevent high-pressure air supplied between the pressure chamber 13 and the rotor 2 from the air supply port 5 from leaking to the remaining air discharge port 62 side. The outline of cylinder 1 In which it is possible to improve the rotational torque of the rotor 2 by allowing a larger volume of the pressure chamber 13 to the pictorial.

However, the vane-type air motor presented in this publication firstly repeats the supply and exhaust strokes of high-pressure air to the space partitioned by the vanes 9, 9 adjacent to each other basically similar to a conventional vane-type air motor The air outlet 6 of high pressure air is disposed at an angular position of 120 degrees with the air inlet 5, and although the pressure chamber 13 is enlarged, the output can not be expected to be improved to a considerable extent. Second, since the gap G1 is formed between the remaining air discharge port 62, the portion where the outer circumferential surface 23 of the rotor 2 and the small diameter arc 131 are in surface contact with each other, the air taken into the gap G1 Is compressed by the movement of the vane 9 in the direction of the air supply port 5 to cause resistance and a decrease in output, and when the air taken into the gap G 1 reaches the air supply port 5, Depending on the pressure drop of the high pressure air supplied and the arrangement number and arrangement angle of the vanes 9, the high pressure air is supplied from the air supply port 5 to the space formed by the preceding vanes 9. If transported to the supply port 5, it may be possible that a leakage preventing effect which is in contact with the surface at an angle can not be obtained. Thirdly, in the vane type air motor presented in the above-mentioned publication, the gap G2 is formed between the air supply port 5 and the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 as in the case of the remaining air discharge port 62, In the case where the driving means of the vanes 9 is configured to protrude by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the general rotor 2, it is conceivable that high pressure air supplied from the air supply port 5 may prevent the vanes 9 from protruding. Since the high pressure air supplied to the gap G2 is filled and the volume is increased by that amount, there is a problem that the output decreases. Although a compression spring is conventionally disposed in the groove 8 as a drive means for forcing the vane 9 to forcibly project (not shown), a constant biasing force is always applied to the pressure chamber. It becomes a frictional resistance if it is too large because it acts on the inner circumferential surface 113 of 13, and it is needless to say that adjustment is difficult, and it is a problem in terms of maintenance and repair because it is mounted inside a sealed interior. is there. In addition, fourthly, the small diameter arc has an inner circumferential surface 113 which has a plurality of arc parts having center points C3 and C4 at positions separated from the center line of the small diameter arc 131 where the pressure chamber 13 passes the center point C2. The compression rate can be expanded compared to the conventional one by continuously forming on both ends of 131, but a cylindrical pressure chamber continuously having a plurality of inner circumferential surfaces different in arc of the cross section There are many problems, such as being extremely difficult and impractical to accurately form

Japanese Examined Patent Publication 7-9164

The present invention solves the problems of the conventional vane-type air motor, and the output is significantly improved and the efficiency is excellent even if the same volume and weight as those of the conventional cylinder and rotor are used, and the manufacture and maintenance are also possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide an innovative and innovative vane type air motor which is not difficult.

The vane type air motor according to the present invention, which was made to solve the above problems, has a cylinder in which an air supply port and an air discharge port are provided in a cylindrical pressure chamber formed therein, and an inner diameter of the pressure chamber A rotor having a perfectly circular cross section, and a vane slidably fitted in the radial direction in a plurality of grooves formed in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor; The center position of the rotor is eccentrically combined with the eccentric position in the cylinder, and the rotor is rotated by supplying high pressure air supplied from the air supply port to the space formed in the rotor and the vane and the cylinder. In the vane type air motor having the structure, a cross section between the air discharge port and the air supply port in the pressure chamber is formed in a small diameter arc overlapping with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. And a circular large diameter circular arc having a diameter larger than the diameter of the rotor is continuously formed continuously on both ends of the small diameter circular arc, and the air discharge port and the air supply port are the small diameter circular arc. It is characterized in that it is disposed without gaps at both end positions of the overlapping portion of the large diameter arc and the large diameter arc.

According to the present invention, since the cross section between the air discharge port and the air supply port in the pressure chamber is formed into a small diameter circular arc which is superposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the conventional vane type air pump Similarly, since the pressure chamber and the rotor are in surface contact, the high pressure air supplied between the pressure chamber and the rotor from the air supply port is prevented from leaking to the air discharge port side, and the outer shape of the cylinder is not changed. The rotational torque of the rotor can be improved by enlarging the volume of the pressure chamber. In addition, in the present invention, unlike the conventional vane type air motor, the air discharge port is not provided at an angle of about 120 degrees from the air supply port, for example, between the air discharge port and the air supply port in the pressure chamber. Since the cross-sections of the small diameter arcs are formed on both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, the volume of the pressure chamber effective as compared with the conventional vane type air motor can be expanded to improve the rotational torque.

Further, in the present invention, the vane fitted in the groove formed in the rotor is projected by the high pressure air supplied to the base end of the groove, and the high pressure air is predetermined rotational position of the rotor. The continuous supply of air can ensure that it can be projected as compared to conventional vanes using centrifugal force, and it also has a compression spring in the groove as a drive means for forcing it to project. There is no need for troublesome adjustment of the spring pressure as in the case of arranging, and the biasing force acting on the inner peripheral surface of the pressure chamber at the tip of the vane does not cause frictional resistance to reduce the output. .

In addition, since the projecting position of the vane can be controlled by the rotational position of the rotor regardless of the installation position of the air outlet by the high pressure air, the air supply port supplies the space surrounded by the vane and the rotor in the pressure chamber. A part of the rotational output from the expansion to the discharge by discharging the high-pressure air once expanded the volume of the space by releasing the pressure of the vane before reaching the air discharge port. The rotation output can be further improved by using it as

Furthermore, in the present invention, the bulging portion is continuously formed on the upstream side of the air discharge port of the pressure chamber, thereby expanding the volume near the air discharge port in the pressure chamber and reducing the pressure of the residual air. It can be discharged from the exhaust port reliably. When the present invention is used as a reversible device, for example, for use in a lifting device, when the bulging portion side is used as an air exhaust port, it can be used quickly and at high output power by using it as the rising side. Conversely, when the air outlet on the bulging side is reversed as the air inlet and used as the descent side, the volume is large from the beginning, so the output decreases, but conversely, the load due to the weight of the falling object is applied when the descent Even though the output is reduced due to the contraction of high pressure air, it has the advantage of being able to be loaded and work safely.

According to the present invention, even if the same volume and weight as those of the cylinder and rotor of the conventional vane type air motor are used, the output is remarkably improved, the efficiency is high, and the manufacture and maintenance are easy.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1; Sectional drawing in alignment with the AA which remove | eliminated the rotor of embodiment shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the rotation stroke of embodiment shown in FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows a prior art example. Explanatory drawing which shows a different prior art example.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which side plates 11 and 12 are disposed on both sides as in the conventional vane type air motor, and a cylindrical pressure chamber 13 is internally provided. The rotary shaft 211, 221 having a cylindrical shape with a perfect circular cross-section smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure chamber 13 formed in the cylinder 1 and the cylinder 1 forming the cylinder And a cylindrical rotor 2 rotatably supported via ball bearings type rotary bearings 3 and 4.

Further, both side surfaces 21 and 22 of the rotor 2 are in close contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the side plates 11 and 12.

Further, in the present embodiment, the air supply port 5 and the air discharge port 6 of high pressure air penetrating from the top surface 14 of the illustrated cylinder 1 to the pressure chamber 13 are formed to penetrate the pressure chamber 13. A cross section between the air supply port 5 and the air discharge port 6 at the top is formed in a small diameter arc 131 overlapping with an outer peripheral surface which is a perfect circle of radius R2 centering on the center point C2 of the rotor 2 A large-diameter circular arc of a perfect circle having a radius R1 larger than the radius R2 of the rotor centered on the center point C1 disposed at a position eccentric to the center point C2 of the rotor 2 continuously to both ends of the small diameter arc 131 The air supply port 5 and the air discharge port 6 are disposed without gaps at both end positions of the overlapping portion of the small diameter arc 131 and the large diameter arc 132, respectively.

Further, in the rotor 2, a plurality of (four in the present embodiment) grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d formed radially toward the center of the outer peripheral surface 23 have appropriate gaps in the radial direction. The vanes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are slidably fitted in such a manner that they can slide.

In the present embodiment, the four vanes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are arranged at an angle of 90 degrees to each other, but the present invention is not limited to this, and conventionally known vanes As in the case of the air motor, the same number can be applied to other numbers such as five or six.

In the present embodiment, the vanes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are also pressed from within the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor 2, but in the present embodiment, In particular, air supply portions 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d communicated with the bottoms of the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d formed in the rotor 2 are exposed on the side surface 21 of the rotor 2 in contact with the side plate 12 of the cylinder 1. At the same time, an air discharge port 71 formed of an arc-shaped groove is connected to the inner side surface 121 of the side plate 12 of the cylinder 1 and the outlet of the high pressure air supply passage 7 formed in the cylinder 1 is connected. The high pressure air supplied from the high pressure air supply passage 7 formed in the air jets from the air jet port 71 and the rotational position of the rotor 2 is exposed to the side surface 21 of the rotor 2 in contact with the side plate 12. The high pressure air is formed in the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d only while the air supply parts 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d are communicated with the air jet port 71 and formed at the base end of the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d. And the vanes 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are forcibly pressed in the direction of the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2, and the air supply portions 81a, 81b, 81b formed at the base end of the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d. When 81c and 81d do not pass through the air outlet 71, high pressure air is not ejected into the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d, and high pressure air in the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d is vanes 9a, 9b, The pressure is discharged into the pressure chamber 13 through the gap between 9c and 9d, and the vanes 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d are loosely fitted in the grooves 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the bulging portion 61 is continuously formed on the upstream side of the air discharge port formed in communication with the pressure chamber 13 in the cylinder 1.

Next, the driving process in the present embodiment will be described in detail.

FIG. 4 shows one unit of the operating stroke of the vane type air motor according to the present invention, focusing on one vane 9a, but these travelings are continuously performed including the other vanes 9b, 9c and 9d. It is a thing.

First, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the tip end of the vane 9a provided on the rotor 2 is at a position just before the air supply port 5 (downstream position of the small diameter arc 131 of the pressure chamber 13) Is in communication position with the air supply portion 81a formed on the side surface 21 of the rotor 2 in which the vane 9a is inserted, and high pressure from the high pressure air supply passage 7 to the air supply portion 81a communicating with the bottom of the groove 8a. Air is supplied to press the vanes 9 a against the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13, and high pressure air is supplied from the air supply port 5.

At this time, in the present embodiment, the vane 9a presses the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13 and the small diameter circular arc 131 having the same diameter as the outer peripheral surface 23 of the rotor 2 in the pressure chamber 13 is closely superposed. It is possible to prevent the reduction of the output due to the high pressure air supplied from the air supply port 5 leaking in the direction of the air discharge port 6 in combination with the surface contact.

Then, when high pressure air is supplied from the air supply port 5, as shown in FIG. 4B, the space S1 surrounded by the rotor 2, the vanes 9a and the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13 is High pressure air is supplied, and furthermore, high pressure air is continuously supplied to the space S1 in a state where the vane 9a presses the inner peripheral surface 113 of the pressure chamber 13, as shown in FIG. 4 (c). As the volume increases, a large rotational force is applied to rotate the rotor 2.

Then, when the rotor 2 further rotates, as shown in FIG. 4D, the communication state between the air supply portion 81a of the groove 8a in which the vane 9a is fitted and the air jet port 71 is eliminated and the air jet port The supply of high pressure air from groove 71 to groove 8a is interrupted.

At this time, in the conventional vane type air motor shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the high pressure air supplied to the space S1 shown in FIG. 4 (c) corresponds to the air supply port 5 shown in FIGS. It is discharged from the air discharge port 6 formed at an angular position of about 120 degrees, and the air supply output for one vane disappears, but in the present embodiment, the discharge port 4 is about 120 degrees from the air supply port 5 When the pressure on the vanes 9a is released, the blocking effect of the vanes 9a disappears, and the space S1 shown in FIG. Since it acts as a rotational output of the rotor 2 until it discharges from the discharge port 4 as shown in FIG. 4 (f) while expanding into the space S1 shown in e), the output is improved by almost twice compared with the conventional vane type air motor (Conventional same kind in applicant Comparison with goods) can be obtained.

In the present embodiment, since the bulging portion 61 is formed in the vicinity of the air discharge port 6, the air pressure of the high pressure air supplied into the space S1 is sufficiently reduced. Exhausted. In addition, as in the conventional vane type air motor shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the residual air exhaust port 62 is not required and the exhaust port 6 is reliably exhausted, and as described above, the pressure chamber 13 and the rotor 2 In addition to the surface contact, the vanes 9a shown in FIG. 4 (a) immediately return to the initial state of pressing the pressure chamber 13, so that there is no reduction in output due to residual air.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, excessive contact of the vane is further prevented by temporarily expanding and discharging the supplied high pressure air without immediately discharging the supplied high pressure air. The rotor rotation is made effective by eliminating the resistance, and the discharge of residual air is ensured to improve the output (compared with the product of the applicant) almost twice that of the conventional vane type air motor of this type and to improve the startability. Also have the effect and effect of improving.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the diameter of the air discharge port 6 is made larger than the diameter of the air supply port 5 so that the rotor 2 can efficiently rotate without the high pressure air supplied remaining. There is.

In the above description, the case where the rotor 2 is rotationally driven in the counterclockwise direction as illustrated is shown, but in the present embodiment, the air supply port 5 is an air discharge port, and the air discharge port 6 is an air supply port. It is also possible to cause reverse rotation (clockwise in the figure) by supplying high pressure air, and in this case the high pressure air supplied from the air outlet 6 formed at the upstream position is further compressed to reduce the volume After that, it is not suitable for high output because it is discharged from the small diameter air supply port 5, but conversely, since load can be applied to the rotation of the rotor 2, for example, the present embodiment can When using it as a drive source for equipment etc., raise the load at high output and at high speed when raising a heavy load, and when lowering a heavy load, use an exhaust brake to safely lower the air motor using an exhaust brake. It is also possible to employ in applications such as to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 cylinder 2 rotor 3 rotation bearing 4 rotation bearing 5 air supply port 6 air discharge port 7 high pressure air supply passage 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d groove 9, 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d vanes 11, 12 side plates, 13 pressure chambers, 14 top surfaces, 21 and 22 side surfaces, 23 outer peripheral surfaces, 61 bulging portions 81a, 81b, 81c, 81d air supply portion, 113 inner peripheral surface, 131 small diameter circular arc, 132 large diameter arc, 211, 221 rotation axis

Claims (3)

A cylinder provided with an air supply port and an air discharge port in a cylindrical pressure chamber formed inside, a rotor smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure chamber and having a perfect circular cross section, and an outer peripheral surface of the rotor An eccentric position of a pressure chamber in which a center position of the rotor is formed inside the cylinder, and a vane slidably fitted in the radial direction in a plurality of grooves formed in the radial direction. In the vane type air motor configured to rotate the rotor by supplying high pressure air supplied from the air supply port to the rotor and the vane and the space formed in the cylinder.
A cross section between the air discharge port and the air supply port in the pressure chamber is formed in a small diameter arc overlapping with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and is continuous with both ends of the small diameter arc more than the diameter of the rotor. A large-diameter circular arc of a true circle having a large diameter is continuously formed, and the air discharge port and the air supply port are disposed without gaps at both end positions of the overlapping portion of the small-diameter arc and the large-diameter arc. Vane type air motor characterized in that A vane fitted in a groove formed on the rotor is projected by high pressure air supplied to the base end of the groove and the high pressure air is continuously supplied at a predetermined rotational position of the rotor The vane type air motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vane type air motor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bulging portion is continuously formed on the upstream side of the air discharge port of the pressure chamber.

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