WO2017007295A1 - System for producing fresh water by multiple-effect humidification-dehumidification - Google Patents
System for producing fresh water by multiple-effect humidification-dehumidification Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017007295A1 WO2017007295A1 PCT/MA2015/000027 MA2015000027W WO2017007295A1 WO 2017007295 A1 WO2017007295 A1 WO 2017007295A1 MA 2015000027 W MA2015000027 W MA 2015000027W WO 2017007295 A1 WO2017007295 A1 WO 2017007295A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- dehumidification
- fresh water
- humidification
- exchanger
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0033—Other features
- B01D5/0036—Multiple-effect condensation; Fractional condensation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/14—Evaporating with heated gases or vapours or liquids in contact with the liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/26—Multiple-effect evaporating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/007—Energy recuperation; Heat pumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0033—Other features
- B01D5/0039—Recuperation of heat, e.g. use of heat pump(s), compression
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/10—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
Definitions
- the invention is a system for producing fresh water by condensation of ambient air humidified by evaporation.
- the first two sources (flowing water and phreatic reserves) remain the most used, but are limited and depend on rainfall. Their use has some disadvantages such as biological and chemical post-treatment, without reminding that any excess extraction of groundwater is irreversibly accompanied by a risk of shortage.
- the desalination method is still very energy-consuming, limited to coastal areas and sometimes non-ecological because of the release of brackish water, the residue of this production.
- the current challenge is the development of freshwater production methods in a renewable, environmentally friendly and economical way.
- a small-scale freshwater production method that is starting to be exploited by small communities is the condensation of the vapor contained in the air,
- Air is then considered as a hydro-carrier whose capacity depends on its humidity.
- Our invention aims to solve a real problem of shortage of fresh water in the vicinity of beaches and coasts mainly, and especially in small tourist centers, holiday bungalows, cafes and restaurants and greenhouses of cultures without forgetting the boats and the ships.
- Our invention relates to a humidification-dehumidification (HD) water production system which takes over the natural cycle of water production (rain).
- the HD system involves two processes:
- the preheated inlet water is converted to water vapor in the air (humidity) by evaporation in the humidifier (humidification).
- the humidifier is a packed column.
- the dehumidifier is a plate heat exchanger.
- a first hydraulic heating circuit is composed of solar panels (1) which heat a heat transfer fluid which passes through an exchanger (3) through a pump (2).
- the exchanger (3) transfers the heat to water sucked from the source through a second pump (7) which generates a flow in its pipe. This water thus heated is diffused in the humidification chamber (4) which increases the humidity of the air in the box by evaporation by means of a packing column. Before being heated by the exchanger, the source water passes through a dehumidification box (5) through a plate exchanger to cool the air.
- a third pump (6) installed between the two boxes circulates the ambient air to force a humidification-dehumidification cycle.
- the air cooled in the dehumidification box condenses and flows to a freshwater storage tank (8) to which it is connected.
- the production is 1000 liters
- the power to be provided by the panels is 21.2 kW
- thermal storage tank (9) that will store the energy required for the 17 hours of unavailability of solar radiation.
- a second unit can be used to add an effect to improve the quality of the fresh water by using it as input or to increase the production of the system using the input source water.
- a second small humidification-dehumidification production unit (10) can be installed. Its source of heat is fresh water produced by the main production unit. We end up with a humidification-dehumidification with multiple effects.
- the exchanger of the second unit is thus directly connected in input to the fresh water produced by the main production unit which has a high temperature.
- the solar panels and the heating circuit pump are not necessary for this second unit.
- Figure 1 provides a synoptic view of the basic system for producing freshwater by condensation object of our invention.
- Figure 2 provides a synoptic view of the alternative system provided with a thermal storage tank.
- Figure 3 provides a synoptic view of the alternative system provided with a second production unit with a second effect.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Système de production d'eau douce par humidification-déshumidification à Freshwater production system by humidification-dehumidification to
effets multiples multiple effects
Description Description
L'invention est un système de production d'eau douce par condensation de l'air ambiant humidifié par évaporation. The invention is a system for producing fresh water by condensation of ambient air humidified by evaporation.
Il est communément observé que le manque local d'eau potable est une source de crises géopolitiques (moyen orient par exemple) et d'instabilités sociologiques. It is commonly observed that the local lack of drinking water is a source of geopolitical crises (Middle East for example) and sociological instabilities.
Les ressources conventionnelles d'eau douce se limitent à l'eau coulante, aux réserves phréatiques ainsi qu'aux alternatives de dessalement : à savoir principalement la distillation et l'osmose inverse qui se développent davantage et qui restent encore énergivores. Conventional freshwater resources are limited to run-off water, phreatic reserves and desalination alternatives: mainly distillation and reverse osmosis, which are developing further and still remain energy intensive.
Les deux premières sources (eau coulante et réserves phréatiques) restent les plus utilisées, mais sont limitées et dépendent de la pluviométrie. Leur utilisation présente quelques inconvénients tels que le post-traitement biologique et chimique, sans rappeler que tout excès d'extraction des eaux souterraines est accompagné irréversiblement d'un risque de pénurie. The first two sources (flowing water and phreatic reserves) remain the most used, but are limited and depend on rainfall. Their use has some disadvantages such as biological and chemical post-treatment, without reminding that any excess extraction of groundwater is irreversibly accompanied by a risk of shortage.
La méthode de dessalement reste encore très énergivore, limitée aux régions côtières et parfois non écologiques à cause du rejet des eaux saumâtres, résidu de cette production. The desalination method is still very energy-consuming, limited to coastal areas and sometimes non-ecological because of the release of brackish water, the residue of this production.
Le défi actuel est le développement des méthodes de production d'eau douce d'une manière renouvelable, respectueuse pour l'environnement et économique. The current challenge is the development of freshwater production methods in a renewable, environmentally friendly and economical way.
Une méthode de production d'eau douce à petite échelle qui commence à être exploité par des petites communautés est la condensation de la vapeur contenue dans l'air, A small-scale freshwater production method that is starting to be exploited by small communities is the condensation of the vapor contained in the air,
principalement dans les zones à forte humidité, et notamment aux abords des mers et des océans, sachant que l'air humide est une source infinie d'eau douce. mainly in areas of high humidity, especially around the seas and oceans, knowing that moist air is an infinite source of fresh water.
Quel que soit l'origine de l'humidité de l'air : mers, forets, eau douces... elle est condensable sur une surface froide. L'air est considéré alors comme un véhicule hydro-porteur dont la capacité dépend de son humidité. Notre invention vise à résoudre une problématique réelle de pénurie de l'eau douce au voisinage des plages et des côtes principalement, et surtout dans les petits centres touristiques, bungalows de vacances, cafés et restaurants et serres de cultures sans oublier les bateaux et navires. Whatever the origin of the humidity of the air: seas, drills, soft water ... it is condensable on a cold surface. Air is then considered as a hydro-carrier whose capacity depends on its humidity. Our invention aims to solve a real problem of shortage of fresh water in the vicinity of beaches and coasts mainly, and especially in small tourist centers, holiday bungalows, cafes and restaurants and greenhouses of cultures without forgetting the boats and the ships.
Notre invention concerne un système de production d'eau par humidification- déshumidification (HD) qui reprend le cycle naturel de production d'eau (pluie). Le système HD implique deux procédés : Our invention relates to a humidification-dehumidification (HD) water production system which takes over the natural cycle of water production (rain). The HD system involves two processes:
- L'eau d'entrée préchauffée est transformée en vapeur d'eau dans l'air (humidité) par évaporation dans l'humidificateur (humidification). L'humidificateur est une colonne à garnissage. - The preheated inlet water is converted to water vapor in the air (humidity) by evaporation in the humidifier (humidification). The humidifier is a packed column.
- La vapeur d'eau portée par l'air est ensuite condensée par l'eau d'entrée froide dans un déshumidificateur (condensation) pour produire de l'eau douce - The water vapor carried by the air is then condensed by the cold inlet water in a dehumidifier (condensation) to produce fresh water
(déshumidification). Le déshumidificateur est un échangeur à plaques. (Dehumidification). The dehumidifier is a plate heat exchanger.
Un premier circuit hydraulique de chauffage est composé de panneaux solaires (1) qui chauffent un fluide caloporteur qui traverse un échangeur (3) grâce à une pompe (2). A first hydraulic heating circuit is composed of solar panels (1) which heat a heat transfer fluid which passes through an exchanger (3) through a pump (2).
L'échangeur (3) transfère la chaleur à de l'eau aspirée de la source grâce à une deuxième pompe (7) qui génère un débit dans sa canalisation. Cette eau ainsi chauffée est diffusée dans le caisson d'humidification (4) qui augmente l'humidité de l'air dans le caisson par évaporation grâce à une colonne de garnissage. Avant d'être chauffée par l'échangeur, l'eau de source passe par un caisson de déshumidification (5) à travers un échangeur à plaque pour y refroidir l'air. The exchanger (3) transfers the heat to water sucked from the source through a second pump (7) which generates a flow in its pipe. This water thus heated is diffused in the humidification chamber (4) which increases the humidity of the air in the box by evaporation by means of a packing column. Before being heated by the exchanger, the source water passes through a dehumidification box (5) through a plate exchanger to cool the air.
Une troisième pompe (6) installée entre les deux caissons y fait circuler l'air ambiant pour forcer un cycle d'humidification-déshumidification. L'air refroidit dans le caisson de déshumidification se condense et coule vers un réservoir de stockage (8) d'eau douce auquel il est relié. A third pump (6) installed between the two boxes circulates the ambient air to force a humidification-dehumidification cycle. The air cooled in the dehumidification box condenses and flows to a freshwater storage tank (8) to which it is connected.
Pour une installation typique, le dimensionnement suivant peut être utilisé : For a typical installation, the following dimensioning can be used:
- Production d'eau (en 7 heures) : 1000 litres/j - Water production (in 7 hours): 1000 liters / d
- Puissance fournie par les panneaux : 21.2 kW - Power provided by the panels: 21.2 kW
- Débit d'air : 0.0743 kg/s - Air flow rate: 0.0743 kg / s
- Débit d'eau d'entrée : 0,3882 kg/s - Input water flow rate: 0.3882 kg / s
Débit d'eau douce produite : 0.04 kg/s Fresh water flow produced: 0.04 kg / s
Les propriétés physiques du système obtenu sont ainsi Le déshumidificateur The physical properties of the system obtained are thus The dehumidifier
Côté échangeur Exchanger side
Pour une durée de fonctionnement de 7 heures, la production est de 1000 litres, la puissance à fournir par les panneaux est 21.2 kW, donc une énergie de 148.4 kWh, les débits d'eau d'entrée et d'air sont respectivement 0.39 kg/s et 0.07 kg/s, ce qui permet un gain de sortie de GOR = 4.2 . For a running time of 7 hours, the production is 1000 liters, the power to be provided by the panels is 21.2 kW, so an energy of 148.4 kWh, the inflow and air flow rates are respectively 0.39 kg / s and 0.07 kg / s, which allows an output gain of GOR = 4.2.
Dans le cas où on veut maintenir une production continue de 24 heures par jour, il est impératif de prévoir un réservoir de stockage thermique (9) qui permettra de stocker l'énergie nécessaire pour les 17 heures d'indisponibilité du rayonnement solaire. In the case where we want to maintain a continuous production of 24 hours a day, it is imperative to provide a thermal storage tank (9) that will store the energy required for the 17 hours of unavailability of solar radiation.
Le choix d'adopter un système avec stockage ou non affecte seulement la surface des panneaux solaires, l'échangeur de chaleur et l'ajout d'un réservoir de stockage d'énergie thermique. The choice to adopt a system with storage or not only affects the surface of the solar panels, the heat exchanger and the addition of a storage tank for thermal energy.
Etant donné que l'eau douce sort avec une température élevée. Une deuxième unité peut être utilisée pour ajouter un effet pour améliorer la qualité de l'eau douce en l'utilisant comme entrée ou pour augmenter la production du système en utilisant l'eau de source en entrée. L'eau douce produite sort à une température de 66 C° et un débit mvw = 0.04 kg/s . Pour récupérer cette énergie, une deuxième unité de production (10) humidification- déshumidification de petite taille peut être installée. Sa source de chaleur est l'eau douce produite par l'unité de production principale. Nous nous retrouvons ainsi avec une humidification-déshumidification à effets multiples. Since the fresh water comes out with a high temperature. A second unit can be used to add an effect to improve the quality of the fresh water by using it as input or to increase the production of the system using the input source water. The produced fresh water comes out at a temperature of 66 ° C and a flow m vw = 0.04 kg / s. To recover this energy, a second small humidification-dehumidification production unit (10) can be installed. Its source of heat is fresh water produced by the main production unit. We end up with a humidification-dehumidification with multiple effects.
L'échangeur de la deuxième unité est ainsi relié directement en entrée à l'eau douce produite par l'unité de production principale qui a une température élevée. Les panneaux solaires et la pompe du circuit de chauffage ne sont pas nécessaires pour cette deuxième unité. The exchanger of the second unit is thus directly connected in input to the fresh water produced by the main production unit which has a high temperature. The solar panels and the heating circuit pump are not necessary for this second unit.
Grâce au deuxième effet, la production peut augmenter de 42% rien qu'en ajoutant 8% en terme de surface des panneaux solaires. Thanks to the second effect, production can increase by 42% just by adding 8% in terms of surface area of solar panels.
La figure 1 fournit une vue synoptique du système de base de production d'eau douce par condensation objet de notre invention. Figure 1 provides a synoptic view of the basic system for producing freshwater by condensation object of our invention.
La figure 2 fournit une vue synoptique du système alternatif muni d'un réservoir de stockage thermique. Figure 2 provides a synoptic view of the alternative system provided with a thermal storage tank.
La figure 3 fournit une vue synoptique du système alternatif muni d'une deuxième unité de production avec un deuxième effet. Figure 3 provides a synoptic view of the alternative system provided with a second production unit with a second effect.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MA38234 | 2015-07-03 | ||
| MA38234A MA38234A1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-07-03 | Freshwater production system by humidification-dehumidification with multiple effects |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017007295A1 true WO2017007295A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
Family
ID=55969441
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/MA2015/000027 Ceased WO2017007295A1 (en) | 2015-07-03 | 2015-12-23 | System for producing fresh water by multiple-effect humidification-dehumidification |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| MA (1) | MA38234A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017007295A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106759606A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of river drift auto-collection system |
| CN108439512A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 北京今大禹环境技术股份有限公司 | A kind of thermal drivers high organic wastewater Zero-discharge treating process with high salt |
| CN108793299A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method |
| CN109626472A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Air hot type heat pump humidifies dehumidification seawater desalination system and its working method |
| CN110715379A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internally heated multifilament humidifier and its working method |
| CN115367830A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-11-22 | 南通中船机械制造有限公司 | Dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005075045A1 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-18 | Peter Vinz | Evaporation method for purifying and/or concentrating contaminated liquids |
| WO2010063341A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Desalination method |
| US20100314238A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-16 | Sunlight Photonics Inc. | Hybrid solar desalination system |
| US20140305149A1 (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-10-16 | Saltworks Technologies Inc. | Method, Apparatus And System For Concentrating Solutions Using Evaporation |
-
2015
- 2015-07-03 MA MA38234A patent/MA38234A1/en unknown
- 2015-12-23 WO PCT/MA2015/000027 patent/WO2017007295A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005075045A1 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2005-08-18 | Peter Vinz | Evaporation method for purifying and/or concentrating contaminated liquids |
| WO2010063341A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2010-06-10 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Desalination method |
| US20100314238A1 (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-12-16 | Sunlight Photonics Inc. | Hybrid solar desalination system |
| US20140305149A1 (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2014-10-16 | Saltworks Technologies Inc. | Method, Apparatus And System For Concentrating Solutions Using Evaporation |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| A. E. KABEEL ET AL: "Water Desalination Using a Humidification-Dehumidification Technique-A Detailed Review", NATURAL RESOURCES, vol. 04, no. 03, 30 June 2013 (2013-06-30), pages 286 - 305, XP055132208, ISSN: 2158-706X, DOI: 10.4236/nr.2013.43036 * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106759606A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-05-31 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of river drift auto-collection system |
| CN106759606B (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-12-25 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of river drift auto-collection system |
| CN108439512A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 北京今大禹环境技术股份有限公司 | A kind of thermal drivers high organic wastewater Zero-discharge treating process with high salt |
| CN108439512B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-07-03 | 北京今大禹环境技术股份有限公司 | Thermal-drive high-salinity high-organic-matter wastewater zero-discharge treatment process |
| CN108793299A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of small-sized solar energy sea water desalination apparatus and method |
| CN109626472A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | Air hot type heat pump humidifies dehumidification seawater desalination system and its working method |
| CN110715379A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-21 | 南京航空航天大学 | Internally heated multifilament humidifier and its working method |
| CN115367830A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-11-22 | 南通中船机械制造有限公司 | Dew point cooling, humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method |
| CN115367830B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-08-04 | 南通中船机械制造有限公司 | Dew point cooling humidifying and dehumidifying solar seawater desalination system and method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MA38234A1 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2017007295A1 (en) | System for producing fresh water by multiple-effect humidification-dehumidification | |
| Essa | From Traditionality to Modernity and Development | |
| Deshmukh et al. | Membrane distillation at the water-energy nexus: limits, opportunities, and challenges | |
| Lotfy et al. | Renewable energy powered membrane desalination—review of recent development | |
| Tiwari et al. | Advanced solar-distillation systems: basic principles, thermal modeling, and its application | |
| Morad et al. | A developed solar-powered desalination system for enhancing fresh water productivity | |
| Goh et al. | Energy efficient seawater desalination: strategies and opportunities | |
| Abdallah et al. | Design of an autonomous solar desalination plant using vacuum membrane distillation, the MEDINA project | |
| Yadav et al. | Geothermal-solar integrated multistage flash distillation cogeneration system: a cleaner and sustainable solution | |
| Pourkiaei et al. | Status of direct and indirect solar desalination methods: comprehensive review | |
| Alnaimat et al. | Solar desalination | |
| US20190002310A1 (en) | Ocean thermocline driven membrane distillation process | |
| Gnanadason et al. | Comparison of performance analysis between single basin solar still made up of copper and GI | |
| Ali et al. | Experimental investigation of an effective solar hybrid system for treatment of concentrated brine solution of desalination plants | |
| Webber et al. | A techno-economic review of direct air capture of moisture processes: sustainable versus energy-intensive methods | |
| Pandey et al. | Desalination and solar still: boon to earth | |
| Jha et al. | A holistic study on geothermal and solar water desalination system for sustainable development | |
| Elhassadi | Horizons and future of water desalination in Libya | |
| Ozuomba et al. | Design and determination of the efficiency of a slanting-type solar water distillation kit | |
| Edwin et al. | Performance and chemical analysis of distilled saline water production using solar distillation system | |
| Ruiz-García et al. | Simulation-Based Assessment of Safe Operating Windows and Optimization in Seawater Reverse Osmosis Systems | |
| KR20160051022A (en) | Efficient open cycle ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) using vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) for selective power generation and seawater desalination | |
| Jenkins | Fresh water from salt | |
| Efraty | Closed Circuit PRO Series No 5: clean energy generation from seawater and its concentrates by CC-PRO without need of energy recovery | |
| Saiful et al. | Enhancing the performance of solar stills for desalination of the sea water |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15860024 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15860024 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |