WO2017002149A1 - 光信号伝送システム及び光レセプタクル - Google Patents
光信号伝送システム及び光レセプタクル Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017002149A1 WO2017002149A1 PCT/JP2015/003345 JP2015003345W WO2017002149A1 WO 2017002149 A1 WO2017002149 A1 WO 2017002149A1 JP 2015003345 W JP2015003345 W JP 2015003345W WO 2017002149 A1 WO2017002149 A1 WO 2017002149A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- optical
- light
- lens
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
- G02B23/26—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes using light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4206—Optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4207—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms with optical elements reducing the sensitivity to optical feedback
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
- G02B6/4212—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element being a coupling medium interposed therebetween, e.g. epoxy resin, refractive index matching material, index grease, matching liquid or gel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical signal transmission system and an optical receptacle that can be used for the optical signal transmission system.
- Patent Document 1 As an optical signal transmission system, for example, the one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known.
- the optical signal transmission system disclosed in Patent Document 1 transmits signal light emitted from a laser diode to an optical receptacle through a transmission fiber, an optical connector, and a reception fiber.
- an optical connector used for such an optical signal transmission system the thing of an indication is known by patent document 2, for example.
- the thing of patent document 3 is known, for example.
- the optical connector disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a so-called spatial coupling type in which a transmitting fiber and a receiving fiber are coupled via a lens.
- the lens is configured to form an image by reducing the exit end face of the transmission fiber to the entrance end face of the reception fiber.
- the NA number of the receiving fiber needs to be larger than the NA of the transmitting optical fiber.
- the optical receptacle disclosed in Patent Document 3 includes a lens and a light receiving element, and the signal light emitted from the end face of the receiving fiber and emitted into space is collected by the lens and photoelectrically converted.
- the light receiving element one having a small light receiving surface diameter is used.
- the light receiving element tends to reduce the diameter (light receiving diameter) of the light receiving surface to obtain a good frequency response speed, and one having a size of about 50 ⁇ m is often used. Therefore, the lens is configured to reduce and image the exit end face of the receiving fiber on the light receiving element. As a result, the NA of the luminous flux incident on the light receiving element becomes larger than the NA of the receiving fiber.
- JP 2005-318532 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-181339 JP, 2014-232261, A
- FIG. 28 shows a configuration example of the optical signal transmission system in this case, and the signal light diverged and emitted from the laser diode 110 passes through the transmitting fiber 120, the optical connector 130 and the receiving fiber 140 to the optical receptacle 150. It is to transmit.
- the optical connector 130 has lenses 131 and 132.
- the signal light emitted from the emission end face 120ex of the transmission fiber 120 is collimated by the lens 131, and the parallel light is condensed by the lens 132 to be incident on the reception fiber 140
- the lens 131 and the lens 132 are configured to be detachable.
- the optical receptacle 150 also includes a lens 151 and a light receiving element 152, and causes the lens 151 to focus the signal light emitted from the exit end face of the receiving fiber 140 on the light receiving element 152.
- the core diameter of the transmitting fiber 120 and the core diameter of the transmitting fiber 120 are required to For example, the core diameter should be 50 ⁇ m and the NA should be as large as 0.27.
- the optical connector 130 causes the signal light emitted from the transmitting fiber 120 by the lenses 131 and 132 to enter the receiving fiber 140 at an optical spot smaller than the core diameter. You need to Therefore, the allowable value of the alignment error in this case becomes as small as at most about 20 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the receiving fiber 140 is thicker than the transmitting fiber 120, for example, the core diameter is 150 ⁇ m, and the NA is 0.3.
- the reduction ratio of the lens 151 is 1/1. It will be three. Therefore, in this case, the NA of the luminous flux collected on the light receiving element 152 is 0.9, which is three times the NA of the receiving fiber 140.
- the NA of the light beam incident on the light receiving element 152 is increased as described above, the aberration of the lens 151 is also increased, the light collecting property is reduced, and it is difficult to reduce the diameter of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 152. As a result, improvement in frequency response speed can not be expected.
- the light receiving element 152 is made of a high refractive index material such as silicon and has a surface reflectance of 30% or more, return light due to reflection of signal light at the light receiving element 152 is a laser diode It is also feared that the signal light emitted from 110 is adversely affected. Therefore, although the antireflective film is often provided on the light receiving surface of the light receiving element 152, the antireflective film has incident angle dependency, and a sufficient effect can not be expected for incident light with a wide angle. .
- an object of the present invention made in view of such a point is to provide an optical signal transmission system capable of stably maintaining an optical line while maintaining the frequency response speed of a light receiving element, and improving the reliability of the system It provides an optical receptacle.
- the optical signal transmission system is A transmitting fiber having an emitting end face for transmitting signal light and emitting the signal light;
- a receiving fiber for transmitting the signal light having an incident end face for receiving the signal light emitted from the exit end face of the transmission fiber and an emitting end face for emitting the signal light;
- An optical connector disposed between the transmitting fiber and the receiving fiber and having a lens for guiding the signal light emitted from the exit end face of the transmitting fiber to the incident end face of the receiving fiber; It has a light receiving surface on which the signal light transmitted through the receiving fiber is incident, and a light receiving element that photoelectrically converts the incident signal light, and guides the signal light transmitted through the receiving fiber to the light receiving surface
- An optical receptacle having a lens;
- In an optical signal transmission system comprising The core diameter at the emission end face of the transmission fiber is 11 ex, The core diameter at the incident end face of the receiving fiber is 22en, The diameter of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element is pdpd, And when 1
- an optical receptacle for achieving the above object is: A lens for condensing light emitted from the optical fiber; A light receiving element for receiving the light condensed by the lens; A solid immersion lens coupled to the light receiving surface of the light receiving element; Is provided.
- the optical line can be stably maintained while maintaining the frequency response speed of the light receiving element, and the reliability of the system can be improved.
- FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 18; It is explanatory drawing of the surface number in the lens data of the optical receptacle of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of the optical receptacle of FIG. 18; It is a figure which shows the reflectance characteristic with respect to the incident angle of the anti-reflective film given to the light receiving element (silicon) of the optical signal transmission system of 3rd Embodiment.
- the first main configuration of the optical signal transmission system according to the present invention has a core diameter of ⁇ 2en at the incident end face of the receiving fiber, a core diameter of ⁇ 1ex at the exit end face of the transmitting fiber, and ⁇ pd of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element.
- en2en is made larger than ⁇ 1ex and ⁇ pd.
- the optical connector configures the NA 1 ex to be larger than the NA 2 en when the NA of the signal light emitted from the transmission fiber is NA 1 ex and the NA of the signal light to be incident on the reception fiber is NA 2 en.
- NA2en of the signal light entering the receiving fiber is emitted from the transmitting fiber by the lens disposed in the optical connector To be smaller than NA 1 ex of the signal light.
- the core diameter 22en at the incident end face of the receiving fiber is made larger than the core diameter 11ex at the exit end face of the transmitting fiber and the diameter ⁇ ⁇ pd of the light receiving surface of the light receiving element.
- a solid immersion lens is coupled to the light receiving element of the optical receptacle.
- a solid immersion lens is bonded on the light receiving element in the optical receptacle, using a receiving fiber having a core diameter larger than the light receiving surface of the transmission fiber and the light receiving element.
- Etendue is a physical quantity obtained by multiplying a solid angle and an area.
- FIG. 1 when the illumination light emitted from the light emitting surface 1 is condensed on the lens 2 and made incident on the light receiving surface 3, in the case where the shape of the light emitting surface 1 or the light receiving surface 3 is a circle of diameter D, The etendue E can be approximated as shown by the following equation (1) using the NA of the emitted or incident illumination light. Note that FIG. 1 exemplifies a case where illumination light is emitted from the circular light emitting surface 1 of diameter D with a numerical aperture NA, and the illumination light is condensed on the lens 2 and is incident on the light receiving surface 3.
- etendue the conditions for efficient illumination without wasting light are: It can be written as: etendue of light emitting surface 1 ⁇ etendue of light receiving surface 3.
- etendue of light emitting surface 1 ⁇ etendue of light receiving surface 3.
- the condition under which signal light is transmitted without loss is (Etendue of transmitting fiber) ⁇ (Etendue of receiving fiber) ⁇ (Etendue of light receiving element) It is.
- the condition for reducing the NApd can be derived. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, in the optical receptacle 50, when the signal light emitted from the emission end face 40 ex of the receiving fiber 40 is collected by the lens 51 to be incident on the light receiving surface 52 a of the light receiving element 52, the receiving fiber Assuming that the core diameter at the emission end face 40 ex of 40 is 22 ex and the NA of the signal light emitted from the receiving fiber 40 is NA 2 ex, the following equation (2) holds from the imaging relationship of the lenses.
- NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving surface 52a is expressed by the following equation (3) from the etendue approximation equation of the above equation (1).
- the etendue of the receiving fiber 40 needs to be determined in consideration of not only the optical receptacle 50 but also an optical connector for relaying the signal light from the transmitting fiber to the receiving fiber 40.
- the optical connector in order to transmit signal light without loss, it is necessary to make the etendue of the receiving fiber 40 larger than that of the transmitting fiber.
- the etendue of the receiving fiber 40 is too large, as described above, the NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving surface 52a becomes large, so the etendue of the receiving fiber 40 needs to be set appropriately.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the optical connector.
- the optical connector 30 has a lens 31 for guiding the signal light emitted from the emission end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 to the incident end face 40 en of the reception fiber 40.
- the lens 31 has two plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 arranged with convex surfaces facing each other.
- the optical connector 30 is detachably coupled between the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33.
- the optical connector 30 converts the signal light emitted from the exit end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 into parallel light with the plano-convex lens 32, condenses the parallel light signal light with the plano-convex lens 33, and makes the incident end face 40 en of the receiving fiber 40. Let it strike.
- the etendue E 0 is determined by the following equation (5) using the core diameter 1 1 ex at the exit end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 and the NA 1 ex of the signal light emitted from the transmission fiber 20. It is represented by).
- NA2en of the signal light incident on the incident end face 40en of the receiving fiber 40 is expressed by the following equation (6), where the imaging magnification of the optical connector 30 is ⁇ con.
- the NA2en of the incident light flux of the signal light to the receiving fiber is made as a trade-off to make the core diameter of the receiving fiber thicker than the core diameter of the transmitting fiber.
- the small size prevents the etendue of the receiving fiber from becoming too large.
- the image forming relationship between the transmitting fiber and the receiving fiber is a reduction magnification
- the lens arrangement of the enlargement magnification is used.
- the etendue gradually expands in the order in which the signal light reaches the light receiving element 152 from the transmitting fiber 120 through the receiving fiber 140, and finally from the lens 151 of the optical receptacle 150 to the light receiving element 152
- the maximum incident angle of the incident light ray becomes excessively large. This is because the light receiving element 152 is required to have a large etendue, but as a trade-off to reduce the diameter of the light receiving element 152, the NA must be increased.
- the light receiving surface is embedded in the medium of the solid immersion lens by bonding the solid immersion lens to the light receiving element.
- the NA of the light receiving element is increased without increasing the maximum incident angle of the incident signal light.
- the solid immersion lens acts to expand the etendue of the light receiving element.
- a hemispherical lens 56 as shown in FIG. 4A or a super hemispherical lens 57 as shown in FIG. 4B can be used.
- the hemispherical lens 56 condenses the incident light from the spherical surface to the spherical center. Therefore, the light receiving element 52 is bonded to the flat surface of the hemispherical lens 56 via an adhesive or the like so that the light receiving surface 52 a is positioned at the spherical center of the hemispherical lens 56. Further, in FIG.
- the super hemispherical lens 57 has a positional relationship in which the incident point of the light beam and the focusing point satisfy the aplanatic condition (a condition in which no spherical aberration and coma aberration occur) with respect to the spherical surface.
- the points are formed in a plane. Therefore, the light receiving element 52 is bonded to the plane of the super hemispherical lens 57 via an adhesive or the like so that the light receiving surface 52 a is positioned at the condensing point of the super hemispherical lens 57.
- the light beam toward the spherical center of the hemispherical lens 56 is condensed in the medium of the hemispherical lens 56 without being refracted by the spherical surface of the hemispherical lens 56. Therefore, the NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving element 52 is twice the refractive index of the medium of the hemispherical lens 56 with respect to that in the air. Further, in the case of the super hemispherical lens 57 shown in FIG.
- the signal light is refracted by the spherical surface of the super hemispherical lens 57 and condensed at a numerical aperture twice the refractive index of the medium of the super hemispherical lens 57. Focus in the medium. Therefore, the NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving element 52 is equal to the square of the refractive index of the medium of the super hemispherical lens 57 with respect to that in the air.
- NApd is more effective when light is collected in the medium of the solid immersion lens than when light is directly collected in the air on the light receiving element 52.
- the maximum incident angle of the light beam incident on the light receiving element can be reduced to obtain a desired etendue. As a result, it is possible to use a large diameter receiver fiber.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the optical signal transmission system according to the first embodiment.
- the optical signal transmission system shown in FIG. 5 transmits signal light diverged and emitted from the laser diode 10 to the optical receptacle 50 through the transmission fiber 20, the optical connector 30 and the reception fiber 40.
- the laser diode 10 is coupled to the incident end face 20 en of the transmission fiber 20 to make the signal light directly enter the transmission fiber 20.
- the transmission fiber 20 transmits the signal light incident on the incident end face 20 en and emits the signal light from the emission end face 20 ex to the optical connector 30.
- the optical connector 30 is, as described with reference to FIG. 3, a flat surface facing each other with convex surfaces as the lens 31 for guiding the signal light emitted from the emission end face 20ex of the transmission fiber 20 to the incident end face 40en of the reception fiber 40. It has convex lenses 32 and 33.
- the plano-convex lens 32 causes the signal light emitted from the exit end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 to be incident on the plano-convex lens 33 as parallel light.
- the plano-convex lens 33 condenses the signal light of the parallel light from the plano-convex lens 32 and makes it incident on the incident end face 40 en of the receiving fiber 40.
- the optical connector 30 is configured to be removable between the plano-convex lens 32 and the plano-convex lens 33.
- the receiving fiber 40 transmits the signal light incident on the incident end surface 40 en, and emits the signal light from the emission end surface 40 ex to be incident on the optical receptacle 50.
- the optical receptacle 50 includes a lens 51 and a light receiving element 52, and the signal light emitted from the emission end face 40 ex of the receiving fiber 40 is collected by the lens 51 and is incident on the light receiving element 52.
- the transmission fiber 20 needs to have ⁇ 1 and NA1 large to some extent, where ⁇ 1 is the core diameter and NA1 is NA in order to directly input the signal light emitted divergingly from the laser diode 10. is there. Therefore, the transmission fiber 20 is formed of a multimode fiber having a core diameter 11 of, for example, 50 ⁇ m and an NA1 of 0.27.
- the transmitting fiber 20 has a core diameter 11 in which the core diameter 11 en at the incident end face 20 en and the core diameter 11 ex at the emission end face 20 ex are equal.
- the receiving fiber 40 satisfies (Etendue of the transmitting fiber 20) ⁇ (Etendue of the receiving fiber 40) in the optical connector 30. Therefore, assuming that the core diameter is ⁇ 2 and the NA is NA2 as the condition 1, 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.27 ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ NA2 is satisfied.
- the receiving fiber 40 has a core diameter 22 in which the core diameter 22 en at the incident end surface 40 en and the core diameter 22 ex at the emission end surface 40 ex are equal.
- the light receiving element 52 is configured with a small diameter of, for example, 50 ⁇ m.
- the NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving element 52 is set to, for example, 0.65, with the NA of the lens 51 as the upper limit that is not unreasonable in optical design. Therefore, as condition 2, the optical receptacle 50 is configured to satisfy ⁇ 2 ⁇ NA2 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.65 from (Etendue of the receiving fiber 40) ⁇ (Etendue of the light receiving element 52).
- the optical connector 30 is configured such that the NA2en of the signal light collected on the reception fiber 40 is smaller than the NA1ex of the signal light emitted from the transmission fiber 20. Therefore, as condition 3, the receiving fiber 40 is configured to satisfy NA2 ⁇ 0.27.
- FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a receiving fiber 40 which can be used in the present embodiment.
- the vertical axis indicates NA
- the horizontal axis indicates core diameter ⁇ .
- the solid line I indicates the upper limit of NA 2 of the receiving fiber 40 determined from the etendue of the optical receptacle 50.
- the solid line II indicates the lower limit of NA2 of the receiving fiber 40 determined from the etendue of the optical connector 30.
- the area shown by hatching in FIG. 6 is the usable area that satisfies the above conditions 1 to 3 as the light receiving fiber 40. It can be understood from FIG. 6 that when the core diameter 22 is increased, the light receiving fiber 40 should decrease NA2 in inverse proportion.
- the receiving fiber 40 is formed of, for example, a multimode fiber having a core diameter 22 of 150 ⁇ m and an NA2 of 0.2.
- the multimode fiber is classified into a graded index type having a distribution in which the refractive index of the core decreases outward from the center and a step index type in which the refractive index of the core is homogeneous.
- the graded index type is considered to have a good signal quality because the transmission time is not delayed between the light passing through the center of the core and the light passing through the periphery.
- NA gradually decreases from the center of the core to the outside, incident light leaks even when there is no alignment error when used on the receiving side of the optical connector, and the optical loss increases compared to the step index type. . Therefore, in a short distance communication application such as indoor wiring, a time index of an optical signal is hardly a problem, so a step index type with less optical loss is desirable.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of the optical connector 30.
- the optical connector 30 has the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 as described above, and the parallel light portion between the plano-convex lens 32 and the plano-convex lens 33 is configured such that the transmission side and the reception side are detachable.
- dirt such as dust adheres to the convex surfaces of the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 at the attachment / detachment portion which becomes parallel light, the signal light is blocked and the optical line can not be maintained. Therefore, it is necessary to make the luminous flux diameter of the parallel light sufficiently larger than the assumed size of the dirt. Specifically, about 1 mm to 3 mm is appropriate. In the present embodiment, the beam diameter is, for example, 3 mm.
- the focal length is 5.5 mm.
- the plano-convex lens 33 on the receiving fiber 40 side has a luminous flux radius of 1.5 mm, and the NA 2 of the receiving fiber 40 is 0.2, so the focal length is 7.5 mm, but in the present embodiment it is slightly longer than that. It has become.
- the focal length of the plano-convex lens 33 is 8.0 mm, which is slightly longer than 7.5 mm.
- the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 may be spherical lenses, but in the present embodiment, the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 are aspheric lenses.
- the plano-convex lens 32 on the transmission fiber 20 side can be the same aspheric lens as the plano-convex lens 33 on the reception fiber 40 side.
- an adaptive lens 34 is further disposed between the transmission fiber 20 and the plano-convex lens 32 to achieve NA matching.
- the aplanatic lens 34 has an action of enlarging the NA of the plano-convex lens 32 to the refractive index of the lens material without affecting the aberration. Therefore, by using quartz with a refractive index of 1.45 as the lens material of the aplanatic lens 34, it is possible to substantially match the NA of the plano-convex lens 32 and the NA1 of the transmission fiber 20.
- plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 are aspheric lenses, the blurring of the light spot due to the aberration can be reduced, so that the state of focusing of the signal light on the incident end face 40en of the receiving fiber 40 can be improved. Therefore, there is an advantage that the clearance between the core diameter of the receiving fiber 40 and the incident light spot diameter can be increased.
- Table 1 shows lens data of the optical connector 30 shown in FIG.
- the transmission core represents the exit end face 20ex of the transmission fiber 20
- the reception core represents the entrance end 40en of the reception fiber 40
- the refractive index is a measured value at a measurement wavelength of 850 nm.
- the unit of the radius of curvature and the surface separation is mm.
- the surface numbers in Table 1 are shown in FIG.
- the aspheric surface shape (ASP) of the surface 4 and the surface 5 is expressed by the following expression (7), where z is an optical axis with the light traveling direction as positive and y is a direction orthogonal to the optical axis Ru.
- R is a paraxial radius of curvature
- k is a conical coefficient
- a 4 , A 6 , A 8 , and A 10 are fourth-order, sixth-order, eighth-order, and tenth-order aspheric coefficients, respectively. is there.
- Table 2 shows each aspheric coefficient of the surface 4 and the surface 5 based on the equation (7).
- "E-n" (n is an integer) indicates "10- n .”
- the image of the emitting end face 20ex of the transmitting fiber 20 is enlarged and imaged on the incident end face 40en of the receiving fiber 40. It becomes 4 or less from the combination of the thickness of an optical fiber. Therefore, the imaging magnification ⁇ con of the optical connector 30 should be 1.1 ⁇
- FIG. 9 is a view showing the configuration of the optical system of the optical receptacle 50.
- the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG. 9 receives the collimating lens 53 disposed on the receiving fiber 40 side as the lens 51 for guiding the signal light emitted from the emission end face 40 ex of the receiving fiber 40 to the light receiving surface 52 a of the light receiving element 52 And a condenser lens 54 disposed on the element 52 side.
- the optical receptacle 50 reduces and forms an image of the emission end face (core end face) 40 ex of the reception fiber 40 on the light receiving surface 52 a of the light receiving element 52 with the imaging magnification ⁇ rec.
- the collimating lens 53 and the condensing lens 54 can be configured by, for example, an aspheric lens.
- Table 3 shows lens data of the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG.
- the receiving core represents the exit end face 40 ex of the receiving fiber 40
- the light receiving element represents the light receiving surface 52 a
- the refractive index is a measured value at a measurement wavelength of 850 nm.
- the unit of the radius of curvature and the surface separation is mm.
- the surface numbers in Table 3 are shown in FIG.
- Table 3 the aspherical shape (ASP) of the surface 2 is represented by the above equation (7).
- Table 4 shows each aspheric coefficient of the surface 2 based on the equation (7).
- the collimating lens 53 is the same as the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 of FIG.
- Table 3 the aspheric surface shape (ASP) of the surface 3 is expressed by the above equation (7).
- Table 5 shows each aspheric coefficient of the surface 3 based on the equation (7).
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG.
- the optical receptacle 50 has a light receiving element holder 60 for holding the light receiving element 52, a first lens holder 61 for holding the condenser lens 54, a second lens holder 62 for holding the collimator lens 53, and an FC receptacle 63.
- the light receiving element holder 60, the first lens holder 61, the second lens holder 62, and the FC receptacle 63 are each formed in a hollow shape.
- the light receiving element 52 is a CAN package type having a flange, and is mounted to one end of the light receiving element holder 60 via the flange in a state where the light receiving surface 52 a is exposed.
- the first lens holder 61 is mounted on the inner circumferential surface of the light receiving element holder 60 so as to be adjustable in position in the optical axis direction while holding the condenser lens 54. After adjusting the position of the first lens holder 61, the light receiving element holder 60 is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of one end portion of the second lens holder 62 in which the collimator lens 53 is held.
- the FC receptacle 63 is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the other end of the second lens holder 62 so as to be positionally adjustable in the optical axis direction.
- an FC connector 41 mounted on the exit end of the receiving fiber 40 is detachably mounted on the FC receptacle 63. Then, when signal light is emitted from the receiving fiber 40 in a state where the FC connector 41 is attached to the FC receptacle 63, the signal light passes through the collimator lens 53 and the condenser lens 54 and is received on the light receiving surface 52 a of the light receiving element 52. It is collected.
- the focal length of the collimating lens 53 is 8.03 mm
- the focal length of the focusing lens 54 is 2.75 mm
- the imaging magnification ⁇ rec of the optical receptacle 50 may be 0.1 ⁇ rec ⁇ 1.
- the receiving fiber 40 having a core diameter larger than that of the transmitting fiber 20 is used.
- the allowable amount of positional deviation between the light spot and the core of the light receiving fiber 40 can be increased as compared with the configuration of FIG. Therefore, in the optical receptacle 50, the NApd of the signal light incident on the light receiving element 52 can be efficiently reduced by a commonly used lens, so that the light receiving surface of the signal light can be reduced in diameter while maintaining the frequency response speed of the light receiving element.
- the light can be incident on the light source 52 in a good focused state.
- the optical connector 30 is configured to be detachable between the plano-convex lens 32 and the plano-convex lens 33 which are disposed with the convex surfaces facing each other, the optical connector 30 is made of the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 when the optical connector 30 is separated. The convex surface will be exposed. Therefore, since it becomes difficult for water droplets and the like to adhere to the convex surfaces of the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33, it becomes possible to prevent contamination and the like which become an obstacle for transmission of signal light.
- the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 constituting the optical connector 30 in the first embodiment are spherical lenses.
- the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 are formed of spherical lenses with the planar lens 34 omitted by omitting the planar lens 34 in the configuration shown in FIG.
- the light spot of the signal light may be blurred.
- it is necessary to reduce the NA of the transmission / reception optical fiber for example, the NA is 0.15 or less), but the multimode fiber has a core diameter for the purpose of facilitating light incidence. And NA are usually large.
- the optical connector 30 is configured as shown in FIG.
- the optical connector 30 shown in FIG. 12 transmits, in addition to the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 made of spherical lenses, as the lens 31 for guiding the signal light emitted from the emission end face 20ex of the transmission fiber 20 to the incident end face 40en of the reception fiber 40.
- It has a solid immersion lens 35 joined to the exit end face 20 ex of the fiber 20 and a solid immersion lens 36 joined to the entrance end face 40 en of the receiving fiber 40. That is, in the present embodiment, the apparent NA of the transmission fiber 20 and the reception fiber 40 is reduced by bonding the solid immersion lens 35 to the transmission fiber 20 and the solid immersion lens 36 to the reception fiber 40 respectively.
- the transmission fiber 20 and the reception fiber 40 are made of, for example, an optical fiber made of glass.
- the core is generally formed of quartz. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13A, the light beam transmitted through the core 80 a of the glass optical fiber 80 is refracted from the end face of the optical fiber 80 and emitted.
- the NA of the optical fiber 80 in this case is taken as NA 0 for convenience.
- the NA1 of the transmission fiber 20 is 0.27
- the NA2 of the reception fiber 40 is 0.2. Therefore, the solid immersion lens 35 joined to the emitting end face 20ex of the transmitting fiber 20 having a large NA is constituted by a super hemispherical lens, and the solid immersion lens 36 joined to the incident end face 40en of the receiving fiber 40 having a small NA is constituted by a hemispherical lens Ru.
- the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 are made of, for example, BK7
- the refractive index of BK7 at a measurement wavelength of 850 nm is 1.509
- the apparent NA of the transmission fiber 20 is 0.12.
- the apparent NA of the receiving fiber 40 is 0.13.
- the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33 are spherical lenses, the aberration can be reduced sufficiently, so that the signal light emitted from the emission end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 is not blurred at the incident end face 40 en of the light reception fiber 40 It can be collected as a light spot. Further, since the apparent NAs of the transmission fiber 20 and the reception fiber 40 can be made substantially the same, the same lenses can be used as the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33.
- the same plano-convex lens having a focal length of 8.13 mm is used as the plano-convex lenses 32 and 33.
- the hyper-hemispheric solid immersion lens 35 and the hemispherical solid immersion lens 36 have the same spherical surface radius of curvature. Since the solid immersion lens is manufactured by processing a part of the ball lens into a flat surface, the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 can be obtained by making the radii of curvature of the spherical surfaces of the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 the same. There is an advantage that the ball lens which is the material of the lens can be common, and the cost can be reduced.
- Table 6 shows lens data of the optical connector 30 shown in FIG.
- the transmission core represents the exit end face 20ex of the transmission fiber 20
- the reception core represents the incident end face 40en of the reception fiber 40
- the refractive index is a measured value at a measurement wavelength of 850 nm.
- the unit of the radius of curvature and the surface separation is mm.
- the surface numbers in Table 6 are shown in FIG.
- the optical connector 30 it is possible to obtain transmission / reception throughput characteristics with respect to the optical axis inclination error ⁇ (°) as shown in FIG.
- ⁇ the optical axis inclination error
- FIG. 12 it is possible to obtain a throughput of 80% or more if the optical axis inclination error is within 0.5 °, and the case of the first embodiment
- the optical axis tilt error can be 1.5 times as large as that of the optical connector 30 of FIG.
- the lens configuration of the optical connector 30 is configured by a spherical lens that can be manufactured by polishing, it is common to lens production It becomes possible to use parts and improve mass productivity.
- the optical connector 30 is resistant to an optical axis inclination error on the transmission / reception side, and it is possible to reduce a decrease in throughput due to the optical axis inclination error.
- the solid immersion lens 35 is joined to the exit end face 20ex of the transmitting fiber 20, and the solid immersion lens 36 is joined to the incident end face 40en of the receiving fiber 40.
- the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 are joined to the end faces of the transmitting fiber 20 and the receiving fiber 40 in the optical connector 30 as in the present embodiment, the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 are Since it also plays a role, the above-described effects can be obtained.
- an antireflection film is applied to the end face of an optical fiber by a vacuum evaporation process.
- the optical fiber is bulky, it is not possible to put a large number of them in the vacuum deposition tank. Therefore, the unit cost for the deposition process is relatively high compared to the case of the lens.
- the spherical surfaces of the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 may be coated with an antireflective film respectively. It is possible to reduce the light loss due to reflection.
- the combination of the core diameter 22 of the receiving fiber 40 and the NA2 is to prevent the maximum incident angle of the light beam incident on the light receiving element 52 from becoming too large. It is necessary to be within the usable area of FIG. Therefore, in the first embodiment, for example, the core diameter 22 of the receiving fiber 40 is 150 ⁇ m, and the NA2 is 0.2.
- the receiving fiber 40 in the configuration of the first embodiment, is thicker than in the first embodiment, and for example, the core diameter ⁇ 2 is 200 ⁇ m, and the NA2 is 0.2. Configured Along with that, the configuration of the optical receptacle 50 is also different. Hereinafter, points different from the first embodiment will be described.
- the optical connector 30 is further resistant to the optical axis tilt error as described in the second embodiment, but the usable area of FIG. You will miss it. Therefore, the maximum incident angle of the signal light entering the light receiving element 52 in the optical receptacle 50 is increased.
- the reduction ratio is 1 ⁇ 4
- the light receiving surface 52a of the light receiving element 52 is formed of silicon (Si: refractive index 3.6) which is a general semiconductor, as shown by a broken line in FIG. %.
- Si refractive index 3.6
- MgO refractive index 1.7
- FIG. 17 shows the reflectance characteristic when ⁇ is 850 nm.
- the above-described problem caused by increasing the core diameter of the receiving fiber is improved in the optical receptacle 50.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the configuration of the optical system of the optical receptacle 50 in the present embodiment.
- the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG. 18 includes, in addition to the collimating lens 53 and the condensing lens 54 constituting the lens 51, a solid immersion lens 55 which is disposed to be coupled to the light receiving element 52.
- the light receiving element 52 has a single-layer antireflection film 58 stacked on the light receiving surface 52a, as shown in FIG.
- the solid immersion lens 55 is bonded onto the light receiving surface 52 a via an adhesive 59.
- the adhesive 59 can be used which is transparent to the used wavelength light and has a refractive index of, for example, about 1.56.
- the solid immersion lens 55 may be the hemispherical lens 56 shown in FIG. 4A or the super hemispherical lens 57 shown in FIG. 4B, but FIG. 18 illustrates the case of the super hemispherical lens.
- Table 7 shows lens data of the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG.
- the receiving core represents the exit end face 40 ex of the receiving fiber 40
- the light receiving element represents the light receiving surface 52 a
- the refractive index is a measured value at a measurement wavelength of 850 nm.
- the unit of the radius of curvature and the surface separation is mm.
- FIG. 20 shows the surface numbers in Table 7.
- Table 7 the aspheric shapes (ASPs) of the surface 2 and the surface 3 are represented by the above equation (7).
- Table 8 shows each aspheric coefficient of the surface 2 based on the equation (7), and
- Table 9 shows each aspheric coefficient of the surface 3.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG.
- the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG. 21 is different from the optical receptacle 50 shown in FIG. 11 in the configuration of the light receiving element 52.
- the light receiving element 52 is of a surface mounting substrate type, and is flip chip mounted on the flexible substrate 70 via the bumps 71, for example.
- the light receiving element 52 receives light through the flexible substrate 70 so that the light receiving element 52 is positioned in the light receiving element holder 60 in a state where the solid immersion lens 55 is joined to the light receiving surface 52 a via the antireflective film 58 and the adhesive 59. It is attached to one end of the element holder 60.
- the super-hemispheric solid immersion lens 55 has an effect of enlarging the NA of the condenser lens 54 by n 2 , where n is the refractive index of the material.
- n is the refractive index of the material.
- Such a lens of NA is common, and can be configured with a collimating lens 53 using a commercially available aspheric lens.
- the imaging magnification ⁇ rec of the optical receptacle 50 is 0.245
- the incident angle of the signal light incident on the light receiving surface 52a is reduced by the refractive index of the material of the solid immersion lens 55, so that the incident angle is reduced to a maximum of 33 ° ( ⁇ sin -1 (0.8 /1.509)).
- the thin film of the adhesive 59 and the anti-reflection film 58 interposed between the solid immersion lens 55 and the light receiving surface 52 a has the refractive index of the medium of the solid immersion lens 55 and the refractive index of the medium forming the light receiving surface 52. And the medium has a small refractive index difference.
- the reflectance of the anti-reflection film 58 becomes extremely small at 0.5% or less over the entire incident angle of 0 ° to 33 ° as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to extremely reduce the return light at the optical receptacle 50.
- the optical receptacle 50 couples the solid immersion lens 55 to the light receiving element 52, so that signal light is incident on the light receiving element 52 with a high NA of 0.8.
- the displacement of the light spot with respect to the light receiving surface 52 a can be made small with respect to the positional change of the light receiving element 52.
- the displacement of the light spot is only 1 / n 2 1/21/2 compared to the case without solid immersion lens 55, where n is the refractive index of the material of solid immersion lens 55. Absent.
- the focal depth of the condenser lens 54 is inversely proportional to NA 2 , the focal depth is enlarged by n 4 ⁇ ⁇ 5 times compared to the case without the solid immersion lens 55. Therefore, blurring of the light spot due to defocusing is reduced, so that the optical adjustment operation at the time of assembly of the optical receptacle 50 is facilitated, and the influence of time-dependent change after assembly can be reduced.
- the thick receiving fiber 40 with a core diameter of 200 ⁇ m can be used.
- the optical connector 30 it is possible to obtain transmission / reception throughput characteristics for the optical axis inclination error ⁇ (°) as shown in FIG.
- the optical axis inclination error is within 0.8 °, it is possible to obtain a throughput of 80% or more, and the tolerance of the optical axis inclination error can be improved as compared with the second embodiment. .
- the super hemispherical lens was illustrated as a solid immersion lens 55 in FIG. 18, a hemispherical lens may be sufficient.
- the solid immersion lens 55 is not limited to glass, and may be, for example, a resin.
- the light receiving element 52 may be directly embedded in the resin by potting or the like without using an adhesive.
- the solid immersion lens 55 is made of a material having a refractive index of 1.45 to 2, for example. Therefore, in order for the solid immersion lens 55 to effectively expand the etendue of the light receiving element 52, the radius of curvature of the convex lens surface is R, and from the top of the convex lens surface to the light receiving surface 52a of the light receiving element 52. It is preferable to satisfy 0.4 ⁇ R / D ⁇ 0.9, where D is the distance of
- the light receiving element 52 is flip chip mounted on the flexible substrate 70 in the surface mounting substrate type. Therefore, for example, when the solid immersion lens 55 is aligned and joined onto the light receiving surface 52a of the light receiving element 52, there is no obstacle such as a wire, so the assembly operation becomes easy.
- the optical signal transmission system of the present embodiment since the receiving fiber 40 with a large core diameter can be used, in the optical connector 30, the positional deviation between the core of the receiving fiber 40 and the light spot incident on the core is increased more acceptable. As a result, the optical line can be stably maintained while maintaining the frequency response speed of the light receiving element 52, and the reliability of the system can be improved.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the optical signal transmission system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the optical signal transmission system shown in FIG. 24 is applied to an endoscope system.
- the endoscope system 91 is introduced into the subject, and images the inside of the subject to generate an image signal of the inside of the subject, and an image captured by the endoscope 92 as a predetermined image.
- An information processing device 93 that performs processing and controls each part of the endoscope system 91, a light source device 94 that generates illumination light of the endoscope 92, and displays an image signal after image processing by the information processing device 93 And a display device 95.
- the endoscope 92 has an insertion portion 96 inserted into the subject, an operation portion 97 on the proximal end side of the insertion portion 96, which the operator grasps and operates, and a flexible portion which extends from the operation portion 97. Universal cord 98 of the sex.
- an illumination fiber, an electric cable, a transmission fiber, and the like are disposed so as to extend inside the insertion portion 96 and the universal cord 98.
- the transmission fiber is configured in the same manner as the transmission fiber 20 described in the above embodiment.
- the insertion portion 96 includes a distal end portion 96a, a bendable bending portion 96b formed of a plurality of bending pieces, and a flexible tube portion 96c provided on the proximal end side of the bending portion 96b.
- the distal end portion 96a is provided with an illumination unit that illuminates the inside of the subject via an illumination lens, an observation unit that images the inside of the subject, an opening 96d that communicates with the treatment tool channel, and an air supply / water supply nozzle. There is.
- An image pickup device provided at an imaging position of an optical system for collecting light in an observation portion of the distal end portion 96a and performing predetermined signal processing such as photoelectric conversion of an image in a subject formed by the optical system;
- a transmission module having a light emitting element that converts an electrical signal including image information output from an imaging element into a light signal is disposed. The transmission module causes the signal light emitted from the light emitting element to be incident on the incident end face of the transmission fiber 20.
- the operation unit 97 includes a bending knob 97a that bends the bending unit 96b in the vertical and horizontal directions, a treatment tool insertion unit 97b in which a treatment tool such as a biological forceps or a laser knife is inserted into a body cavity of a subject, and an information processing apparatus And 93, a plurality of switch units 97c for operating peripheral devices such as a light source device 94, an air supply device, a water supply device, and a gas supply device.
- the treatment tool inserted from the treatment tool insertion portion 97 b is exposed from the opening 96 d at the tip of the insertion portion 96 through the treatment tool channel provided inside.
- the universal cord 98 has a proximal end branched into a first connector 98a and a lighting connector 98b.
- the first connector 98 a is attachable to and detachable from the second connector 98 c of the information processing device 93.
- the lighting connector 98 b is detachable from the light source device 94.
- An optical connector is incorporated in the first connector 98a and the second connector 98c.
- the optical connector is configured in the same manner as the optical connector 30 described in the above embodiment, and is configured to be removable by the first connector 98a and the second connector 98c. Therefore, the transmission fiber is disposed extending from the distal end 96 a of the endoscope 92 to the first connector 98 a inside the insertion portion 96 and the universal cord 98.
- the information processing apparatus 93 is an optical receptacle including a receiving fiber for transmitting signal light incident through an optical connector incorporated in the second connector 98c, and a light receiving element for photoelectrically converting the signal light transmitted through the receiving fiber. And performs predetermined image processing on the output signal of the light receiving element.
- the receiving fiber and the optical receptacle are configured in the same manner as the receiving fiber 40 and the optical receptacle 50 described in the above embodiment, respectively.
- the information processing device 93 controls each unit of the endoscope system 91 based on various instruction signals transmitted from the switch unit 97 c in the operation unit 97 of the endoscope 92 via the universal cord 98.
- the light source device 94 is configured using a light source that emits light, a condensing lens, and the like.
- the light source device 94 emits light from the light source under the control of the information processing device 93.
- the light emitted from the light source is emitted from the illumination unit of the distal end portion 96a of the endoscope 92 through the illumination connector 98b and the illumination fiber to illuminate the inside of the subject.
- the display device 95 is configured using a display or the like using liquid crystal or organic EL (Electro Luminescence).
- the display device 95 displays various information including an image on which predetermined image processing has been performed by the information processing device 93 through the video cable 95a. Thereby, the operator can determine the observation and the property of the desired position in the subject by operating the endoscope 92 while looking at the image (in-vivo image) displayed by the display device 95.
- the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained.
- the insertion portion 96 of the endoscope 92 since the core diameter of the transmission fiber disposed in the insertion portion 96 of the endoscope 92 can be reduced, the insertion portion 96 can be made smaller. Therefore, when the insertion portion 96 is inserted into a body cavity, the pain of the subject can be alleviated.
- the reception fiber since a fiber having a larger core diameter than that of the transmission fiber can be used as the reception fiber, a slight misalignment may occur between the first connector 98a and the second connector 98c constituting the optical connector, or Even if some dirt or dust adheres to the optical element constituting the connector, it is possible to transmit the signal light with almost no attenuation. Therefore, the reliability of the endoscope system 91 can be improved.
- the optical connector 30 in the first embodiment, in the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the optical connector 30 has the emitting end face 20 ex of the transmitting fiber 20 and the incident end face 40 en of the receiving fiber 40 as shown in FIG. Transparent cover glasses 37 and 38 may be joined to protect their respective end faces. In this way, the same effect as described in the second embodiment can be obtained. Also, the optical connector 30 may be configured as shown in FIG. 26 with the apparent lens 34 omitted from the configuration shown in FIG.
- the optical connector 30 separates the solid immersion lenses 35 and 36 from the exit end face 20 ex of the transmission fiber 20 and the entrance end face 40 en of the reception fiber 40, respectively.
- cover glasses 37 and 38 may be joined to the injection end face 20ex and the entrance end face 40en to protect the respective end faces.
- the optical signal transmission system according to the present invention is widely applicable not only to the optical signal transmission system and the endoscope system shown in the above-described embodiment, but also to a transmission system that transmits various signals to the signal processing unit.
- the optical receptacle according to the present invention is not limited to the optical signal transmission system and the endoscope system shown in the above embodiment, and can be widely used as light receiving devices for various signals.
- the transmission fiber and the reception fiber are not limited to single core fibers, but may be multicore fibers.
- the optical connector may include a lens of an inorganic material such as quartz or glass to reduce changes in optical characteristics due to changes in temperature and humidity.
- the optical receptacle may also include a lens of an inorganic material to reduce changes in optical characteristics due to changes in temperature and humidity.
- the lens used for the optical connector and the lens used for the optical receptacle may be advantageous for reducing spherical aberration by including a lens with a refractive index of 1.5 or more.
- the effect of the present invention may be made more reliable by satisfying any one or more of the following conditional expressions. ⁇ 2en / ⁇ 1ex> 2 Pdpd // 2en ⁇ 0.5 NA1ex / NA2en> 1.2 ( ⁇ 2en ⁇ NA2en) / ( ⁇ 1ex ⁇ NA1ex)> 1.5
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
信号光を伝送し、前記信号光を射出する射出端面を有する送信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を入射する入射端面と前記信号光を射出する射出端面とを有し、前記信号光を伝送する受信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバと前記受信ファイバとの間に配置され、前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面に導くレンズを有する光コネクタと、
前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光が入射する受光面を有し、入射した前記信号光を光電変換する受光素子と、前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光を前記受光面に導くレンズとを有する光レセプタクルと、
を備える光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面でのコア径をΦ1ex、
前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面でのコア径をΦ2en、
前記受光素子の前記受光面の径をΦpd、
とするとき、
Φ1ex<Φ2en
Φpd<Φ2en
を満足し、
前記光コネクタにおける、
前記送信ファイバから射出される前記信号光のNAをNA1ex、
前記受信ファイバに入射する前記信号光のNAをNA2en、
とするとき、
NA1ex>NA2en
を満足する、ことを特徴とするものである。
信号光を伝送し、前記信号光を射出する射出端面を有する送信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を入射する入射端面と前記信号光を射出する射出端面とを有し、前記信号光を伝送する受信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバと前記受信ファイバとの間に配置され、前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面に導くレンズを有する光コネクタと、
前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光が入射する受光面を有し、入射した前記信号光を光電変換する受光素子と、前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光を前記受光面に導くレンズとを有する光レセプタクルと、
を備える光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面でのコア径をΦ1ex、
前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面でのコア径をΦ2en、
前記受光素子の前記受光面の径をΦpd、
とするとき、
Φ1ex<Φ2en
Φpd<Φ2en
を満足し、
前記光レセプタクルは、前記受光素子に結合された固浸レンズをさらに有する、
ことを特徴とするものである。
光ファイバから射出される光を集光するレンズと、
前記レンズにより集光される前記光を受光する受光素子と、
前記受光素子の受光面に結合して配置された固浸レンズと、
を備えるものである。
本発明に係る光信号伝送システムの第1の主要構成は、受信ファイバの入射端面でのコア径をΦ2en、送信ファイバの射出端面でのコア径をΦ1ex、受光素子の受光面の径をΦpdとするとき、Φ2enをΦ1ex及びΦpdよりも大きくする。また、光コネクタは、送信ファイバから射出される信号光のNAをNA1ex、受信ファイバに入射させる信号光のNAをNA2enとするとき、NA1exをNA2enよりも大きく構成する。換言すれば、受信ファイバとして、送信ファイバ及び受光素子の受光面よりもコア径の大きなものを用い、光コネクタに配置されるレンズによって、受信ファイバに入射する信号光のNA2enを、送信ファイバから射出される信号光のNA1exより小さくすることである。
先ず、第1の主要構成の作用について説明する。
光コネクタにおける受信ファイバあるいは光レセプタクルにおける受光素子のような小さい面積を、レンズを介して照明する場合、照明光の光スポットを小さく絞ろうとするとNAが大きくなり、照明光のNAを小さくしようとすると光スポットが大きくなるというトレードオフがある。このトレードオフを考慮するため、本発明では「エタンデュ」の概念を導入する。
発光面1のエタンデュ≦受光面3のエタンデュ
と書き表すことができる。
これを、光信号伝達システムに適用すると、損失なく信号光が伝達する条件は、
(送信ファイバのエタンデュ)≦(受信ファイバのエタンデュ)≦(受光素子のエタンデュ)
である。
図28に示した光信号伝送システムでは、信号光が送信ファイバ120から受信ファイバ140を経て受光素子152に到達する順に漸次エタンデュが拡大し、最終的に光レセプタクル150のレンズ151から受光素子152に入射する光線の最大入射角が過剰に大きくなる。これは、受光素子152に大きなエタンデュを持たせる要求がある一方、受光素子152の径を小さくするトレードオフとして、NAを大きく取らざるを得ないことによる。
図5は、第1実施の形態に係る光信号伝送システムの要部の構成を示す図である。図5に示す光信号伝送システムは、レーザダイオード10から発散して射出される信号光を、送信ファイバ20、光コネクタ30及び受信ファイバ40を経て光レセプタクル50に伝送するものである。
第2実施の形態に係る光信号伝送システムは、第1実施の形態において光コネクタ30を構成する平凸レンズ32及び33が球面レンズで構成される。この場合、単に図7に示した構成において、アプラナティックレンズ34を省略して、平凸レンズ32及び33を球面レンズで構成すると、設計によっては収差により受光ファイバ40の入射端面40enに形成される信号光の光スポットがぼける場合がある。この収差を低減するためには、送受信の光ファイバのNAを小さくすること(例えば、NAが0.15以下)が必要であるが、マルチモードファイバは、光を入射しやすくする都合からコア径及びNAが大きいのが通常である。
第1実施の形態で説明したように、光レセプタクル50において、受光素子52に入射する光線の最大入射角が大きくなりすぎないためには、受信ファイバ40のコア径Φ2とNA2との組合せが、図6の使用可能領域内にあることが必要である。そのため、第1実施の形態では、例えば受信ファイバ40のコア径Φ2を150μm、NA2を0.2としている。
図24は、第4実施の形態に係る光信号伝送システムの要部の構成を示す図である。図24に示す光信号伝送システムは、内視鏡システムに適用したものである。内視鏡システム91は、被検体内に導入され、被検体の体内を撮像して被検体内の画像信号を生成する内視鏡92と、内視鏡92が撮像した画像信号に所定の画像処理を施すとともに内視鏡システム91の各部を制御する情報処理装置93と、内視鏡92の照明光を生成する光源装置94と、情報処理装置93による画像処理後の画像信号を画像表示する表示装置95と、を備える。
また、光コネクタは、石英やガラスなどの無機材料のレンズを含めることで、温度や湿度の変化による光学特性の変化を小さくしてもよい。
同様に、光レセプタクルも、無機材料のレンズを含めることで、温度や湿度の変化による光学特性の変化を小さくしてもよい。
また、光コネクタに用いるレンズや光レセプタクルに用いるレンズは、屈折率が1.5以上のレンズを含めることで、球面収差の低減に有利としてもよい。
また、以下の条件式のいずれか1つもしくは複数を満たすことで本発明の効果をより確実にしてもよい。
Φ2en/Φ1ex>2
Φpd/Φ2en<0.5
NA1ex/NA2en>1.2
(Φ2en×NA2en)/(Φ1ex×NA1ex)>1.5
20 送信ファイバ
20ex 射出端面
30 光コネクタ
31 レンズ
32、33 平凸レンズ
34 アプラナティックレンズ
35、36 固浸レンズ
37、38 カバーガラス
40 受信ファイバ
40en 入射端面
40ex 射出端面
50 光レセプタクル
51 レンズ
52 受光素子
52a 受光面
55 固浸レンズ
56 半球レンズ
57 超半球レンズ
70 フレキシブル基板
Claims (13)
- 信号光を伝送し、前記信号光を射出する射出端面を有する送信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を入射する入射端面と前記信号光を射出する射出端面とを有し、前記信号光を伝送する受信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバと前記受信ファイバとの間に配置され、前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面に導くレンズを有する光コネクタと、
前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光が入射する受光面を有し、入射した前記信号光を光電変換する受光素子と、前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光を前記受光面に導くレンズとを有する光レセプタクルと、
を備える光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面でのコア径をΦ1ex、
前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面でのコア径をΦ2en、
前記受光素子の前記受光面の径をΦpd、
とするとき、
Φ1ex<Φ2en
Φpd<Φ2en
を満足し、
前記光コネクタにおける、
前記送信ファイバから射出される前記信号光のNAをNA1ex、
前記受信ファイバに入射する前記信号光のNAをNA2en、
とするとき、
NA1ex>NA2en
を満足する、ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 信号光を伝送し、前記信号光を射出する射出端面を有する送信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を入射する入射端面と前記信号光を射出する射出端面とを有し、前記信号光を伝送する受信ファイバと、
前記送信ファイバと前記受信ファイバとの間に配置され、前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面から射出される前記信号光を前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面に導くレンズを有する光コネクタと、
前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光が入射する受光面を有し、入射した前記信号光を光電変換する受光素子と、前記受信ファイバを経て伝送される前記信号光を前記受光面に導くレンズとを有する光レセプタクルと、
を備える光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面でのコア径をΦ1ex、
前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面でのコア径をΦ2en、
前記受光素子の前記受光面の径をΦpd、
とするとき、
Φ1ex<Φ2en
Φpd<Φ2en
を満足し、
前記光レセプタクルは、前記受光素子に結合された固浸レンズをさらに有する、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項2に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光レセプタクルは、前記固浸レンズと前記受光面との間に、前記固浸レンズの媒質の屈折率と前記受光面を形成する媒質の屈折率との中間の屈折率を有する薄膜が介在されている、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項2又は3に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記固浸レンズは、前記受信ファイバ側に凸のレンズ面を有し、
前記凸のレンズ面の曲率半径をR、
前記凸のレンズ面の面頂から前記受光面までの距離をD、
とするとき、
0.4<R/D<0.9
を満足する、ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記送信ファイバ及び前記受信ファイバは、
前記光コネクタにおける、
前記送信ファイバ側のNAをNA1ex、
前記受信ファイバに入射する前記信号光のNAをNA2en、
とするとき、
Φ1ex×NA1ex<Φ2en×NA2en
を満足し、
前記光レセプタクルは、
前記受信ファイバ側のNAをNA2ex、
前記受光素子に入射する前記信号光のNAをNApd、
とするとき、
前記光レセプタクル内の前記レンズにて、
NA2ex<NApd
とし、
前記受信ファイバの前記射出端面のコア径をΦ2ex、
とするとき、
前記受信ファイバ及び前記受光素子は、
Φ2ex×NA2ex<Φpd×NApd
を満足する、ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記受信ファイバは、ステップインデックス型からなる、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光コネクタの結像倍率をβconとするとき、
1.1<|βcon|<3.9
を満足する、ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項7に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光コネクタは、前記レンズとして複数のレンズを含み、該複数のレンズのいずれかの隣接するレンズ間で着脱自在に結合される、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項8に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光コネクタは、前記複数のレンズとして互いに凸面を向き合わせて配置される2つの平凸レンズを含み、該2つの平凸レンズ間で着脱自在に結合される、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項9に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光コネクタは、前記2つの平凸レンズの互いの凸面が等しい曲率半径を有し、さらに、一方の前記平凸レンズと前記送信ファイバの前記射出端面との間に配置された超半球レンズと、他方の前記平凸レンズと前記受信ファイバの前記入射端面との間に配置され、前記超半球レンズと同じ曲率半径を有する半球レンズとを有する、
ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の光信号伝送システムにおいて、
前記光レセプタクルの結像倍率をβrecとするとき、
0.1<βrec<1
を満足する、ことを特徴とする光信号伝送システム。 - 光ファイバから射出される光を集光するレンズと、
前記レンズにより集光される前記光を受光する受光素子と、
前記受光素子の受光面に結合して配置された固浸レンズと、
を備える光レセプタクル。 - 請求項12に記載の光レセプタクルにおいて、
前記受光素子は、フリップチップ実装されており、
前記固浸レンズは、前記受光素子の前記受光面側に接着固定されている、
ことを特徴とする光レセプタクル。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112015006543.1T DE112015006543T5 (de) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | Optisches Signalübertragungssystem und optische Buchse |
| CN201580080895.7A CN107735708B (zh) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | 光信号传送系统和光插座 |
| PCT/JP2015/003345 WO2017002149A1 (ja) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | 光信号伝送システム及び光レセプタクル |
| JP2017525688A JP6483258B2 (ja) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | 光信号伝送システム |
| US15/840,564 US10386580B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2017-12-13 | Optical signal transmission system and optical receptacle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/003345 WO2017002149A1 (ja) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | 光信号伝送システム及び光レセプタクル |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/840,564 Continuation US10386580B2 (en) | 2015-07-02 | 2017-12-13 | Optical signal transmission system and optical receptacle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2017002149A1 true WO2017002149A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
Family
ID=57607947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2015/003345 Ceased WO2017002149A1 (ja) | 2015-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | 光信号伝送システム及び光レセプタクル |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10386580B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6483258B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN107735708B (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE112015006543T5 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2017002149A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019211702A (ja) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Agc株式会社 | 光学素子および光学装置 |
| JP2022069323A (ja) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-05-11 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光デバイス |
| WO2023234004A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 | 株式会社島津製作所 | レーザ光照射装置及びレーザ加工装置 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6177463B2 (ja) * | 2015-04-23 | 2017-08-09 | オリンパス株式会社 | 内視鏡システム |
| US20220026648A1 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2022-01-27 | Sony Group Corporation | Optical connector, optical cable, and electronic device |
| US10627577B1 (en) | 2019-01-24 | 2020-04-21 | X Development Llc | Non-imaging lens assembly design for efficient power coupling from multimode fiber to small-area photodetectors |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005032909A (ja) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 照明光学系およびそれを用いた露光装置 |
| WO2005083490A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-09 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 顕微鏡及び試料観察方法 |
| JP2009003007A (ja) * | 2007-06-19 | 2009-01-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 受光素子モジュール |
| US20120177327A1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-12 | Demeritt Jeffery Alan | Optical connector with lenses having opposing angled planar surfaces |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2964636A (en) * | 1956-06-05 | 1960-12-13 | Eastman Kodak Co | Optically immersed photoconductive cells |
| FR2544132B1 (fr) * | 1983-04-08 | 1986-11-21 | Telecommunications Sa | Detecteur photoconducteur en immersion optique |
| JPH07181339A (ja) | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-21 | Toshiba Corp | 光ファイバーコネクター |
| US5545896A (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-08-13 | Santa Barbara Research Center | Optically immersed semiconductor photodetectors |
| US5939709A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1999-08-17 | Ghislain; Lucien P. | Scanning probe optical microscope using a solid immersion lens |
| KR100297764B1 (ko) * | 1998-04-27 | 2001-08-07 | 윤종용 | 고밀도 기록/재생 가능한 광픽업장치 |
| US6532244B1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2003-03-11 | Lumenis Inc. | Method and apparatus for providing a uniform beam from a laser-light-source |
| JP2005318532A (ja) | 2004-03-30 | 2005-11-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 光信号伝送システム及びcatv伝送システム |
| US8558337B2 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2013-10-15 | Cubic Corporation | Wide field of view optical receiver |
| JP2012252308A (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2012-12-20 | Enplas Corp | 光レセプタクルおよびこれを備えた光モジュール |
| CN104166188B (zh) * | 2013-05-16 | 2017-07-21 | 赛恩倍吉科技顾问(深圳)有限公司 | 光通讯装置 |
| JP2014232261A (ja) | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-11 | 株式会社エンプラス | 光レセプタクルおよびこれを備えた光モジュール |
-
2015
- 2015-07-02 CN CN201580080895.7A patent/CN107735708B/zh active Active
- 2015-07-02 DE DE112015006543.1T patent/DE112015006543T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-02 JP JP2017525688A patent/JP6483258B2/ja active Active
- 2015-07-02 WO PCT/JP2015/003345 patent/WO2017002149A1/ja not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-12-13 US US15/840,564 patent/US10386580B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005032909A (ja) * | 2003-07-10 | 2005-02-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 照明光学系およびそれを用いた露光装置 |
| WO2005083490A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-09 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | 顕微鏡及び試料観察方法 |
| JP2009003007A (ja) * | 2007-06-19 | 2009-01-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 受光素子モジュール |
| US20120177327A1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2012-07-12 | Demeritt Jeffery Alan | Optical connector with lenses having opposing angled planar surfaces |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| KEN'ICHI NISHIMURA ET AL., YASASHII HIKARI FIBER TSUSHIN, vol. 2nd edit, 20 June 1998 (1998-06-20), pages 111 - 112 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019211702A (ja) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-12 | Agc株式会社 | 光学素子および光学装置 |
| JP7342346B2 (ja) | 2018-06-07 | 2023-09-12 | Agc株式会社 | 光学素子および光学装置 |
| JP2022069323A (ja) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-05-11 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光デバイス |
| US12066669B2 (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2024-08-20 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Optical device |
| JP7600616B2 (ja) | 2020-10-23 | 2024-12-17 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光デバイス |
| JP2025029120A (ja) * | 2020-10-23 | 2025-03-05 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 光デバイス |
| WO2023234004A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 | 株式会社島津製作所 | レーザ光照射装置及びレーザ加工装置 |
| JPWO2023234004A1 (ja) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-12-07 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10386580B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 |
| JPWO2017002149A1 (ja) | 2018-04-12 |
| CN107735708B (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
| CN107735708A (zh) | 2018-02-23 |
| DE112015006543T5 (de) | 2018-02-15 |
| US20180100971A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
| JP6483258B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10386580B2 (en) | Optical signal transmission system and optical receptacle | |
| JP4843121B2 (ja) | 対物光学系 | |
| RU2764863C2 (ru) | Объектив для эндоскопа и эндоскоп | |
| US9622652B2 (en) | Endoscope objective optical system | |
| WO2012081349A1 (ja) | 内視鏡用光学系 | |
| US10088666B2 (en) | Endoscope and variable power optical system for the same | |
| CN107430260B (zh) | 斜视物镜光学系统和具备该斜视物镜光学系统的斜视用内窥镜 | |
| US10209506B2 (en) | Light source optical system having tapered light guide rod | |
| JP2016008979A (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| JP2011043793A (ja) | 走査用対物レンズ、走査型プローブ、及び走査型内視鏡 | |
| JP2011075916A (ja) | 光学系 | |
| US7843655B2 (en) | Objective optical system and endoscope | |
| JP6805277B2 (ja) | 光レセプタクル | |
| US11058285B2 (en) | Optical signal transmission module | |
| JP2002040359A (ja) | 光走査光学系 | |
| WO2024212458A1 (zh) | 一种目镜系统和手术显微镜 | |
| US11237399B2 (en) | Optical beam shaping unit, distance measuring device and laser illuminator | |
| JP2007140013A (ja) | 光検出光学系および光学システム | |
| JP6465449B2 (ja) | 光信号送信モジュール | |
| JP2899974B2 (ja) | 照明光学系 | |
| WO2020183622A1 (ja) | 光学系及びそれを備えた光学装置 | |
| WO2013002681A2 (ru) | Объектив эндоскопа | |
| JP2012133191A (ja) | 光学装置 | |
| CA1243522A (en) | Microlens |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15897076 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017525688 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 112015006543 Country of ref document: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15897076 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |