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WO2017000259A1 - 三模介质谐振器和滤波器 - Google Patents

三模介质谐振器和滤波器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000259A1
WO2017000259A1 PCT/CN2015/082970 CN2015082970W WO2017000259A1 WO 2017000259 A1 WO2017000259 A1 WO 2017000259A1 CN 2015082970 W CN2015082970 W CN 2015082970W WO 2017000259 A1 WO2017000259 A1 WO 2017000259A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dielectric
hole
cube
medium
mode
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2015/082970
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒲国胜
市川胜
石晶
沈振
袁本贵
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201580000961.5A priority Critical patent/CN106688138B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/082970 priority patent/WO2017000259A1/zh
Publication of WO2017000259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000259A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to electromagnetic technology, and more particularly to a three-mode dielectric resonator and filter.
  • the traditional forms of dielectric filters are single-mode dielectric filters, dual-mode dielectric filters, and tri-mode dielectric filters. Among them, traditional single-mode dielectric filters are bulky under the same performance; dual-mode or tri-mode
  • the dielectric filter applies the multi-mode property of the resonator, and realizes one cavity to generate two or three resonance modes, which can reduce the volume of the filter.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art three-mode dielectric resonator. As shown in FIG. 1, the three-mode dielectric resonator includes a cubic conductive outer casing 1 and a dielectric cube 2, which are orthogonal to each other through X, Y, and Z through a dielectric cube 2. Three resonant modes are formed in the direction, and the three-mode dielectric resonator is applied to the filter to form a three-mode dielectric filter, and the coupling between modes is realized by an external perturbation structure.
  • the existing external or internal perturbation structure forms a very weak coupling, and the coupling coupling formed by the filter coupling formed by the three-mode dielectric resonator shown in FIG. 1 has a small coupling relative bandwidth, and it is difficult to satisfy a relatively large coupling bandwidth. Use the demand.
  • the present invention provides a three-mode dielectric resonator and filter that enhances coupling between resonant modes formed by a three-mode dielectric resonator, thereby achieving a large coupling relative bandwidth for achieving a predetermined electrical performance.
  • the present invention provides a three-mode dielectric resonator applied to a filter, comprising: a conductive housing, a dielectric cube, and a support base;
  • the medium cube is disposed in the cavity formed by the conductive outer casing through the support base And the dielectric cube forms three resonant modes in three mutually orthogonal directions;
  • the medium cube includes at least one first medium hole and at least one second medium hole; wherein an axial direction of the first medium hole and the second medium hole are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first medium hole and the second medium hole are perpendicular to an axial direction.
  • the medium cube includes at least one first medium hole and at least one second medium hole, including:
  • the first medium hole is vertically disposed between the first surface and the second surface of the medium cube, and the second medium hole is vertically disposed between the third surface and the fourth surface of the medium cube;
  • the first surface is parallel to the second surface, the third surface is parallel to the fourth surface, the first surface being perpendicular to the third surface.
  • the two pairs of the first medium hole from the center on the first surface to the first surface The distance between the intersections of the corner lines is greater than the first predetermined distance.
  • the second medium hole is at a center on the third surface to the third surface The distance between the intersections of the two diagonal lines is greater than the second predetermined distance.
  • the first medium hole is cylindrical, and the first medium The diameter of the aperture is less than half the length of either side of the first surface.
  • the second medium hole is cylindrical, and the second medium The diameter of the aperture is less than half the length of either side of the third surface.
  • the first medium hole does not penetrate any of the medium cubes a surface; or the first dielectric hole penetrates a surface of the dielectric cube.
  • the second medium hole does not penetrate any of the medium cubes a surface; or the second dielectric hole penetrates a surface of the dielectric cube.
  • the present invention provides a filter comprising the three-mode dielectric resonator provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the present invention provides a three-mode dielectric resonator and a filter, the three-mode dielectric resonator comprising a conductive outer casing, a dielectric cube and a support base, each of which is provided with at least one first dielectric hole and at least one second dielectric hole on the dielectric cube
  • the magnetic field distribution of the resonant mode changes, resulting in enhanced coupling between the resonant modes formed by the three-mode dielectric resonator, thereby achieving a large coupling relative bandwidth for achieving the intended electrical performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art three-mode dielectric resonator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a three-mode dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-mode dielectric resonator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a three-mode dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This scenario is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radio frequency communication system.
  • the scenario includes an antenna 11, a filter 12, a noise amplifier 13, a power amplifier 17, a mixer 14, a signal generator 15, and a baseband module 16.
  • the filter 12 includes a three-mode dielectric resonator (not shown) provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna 11 is configured to transmit electromagnetic waves to or receive electromagnetic waves from a space in a radio frequency communication system, and the filter 12 is used to The frequency is effectively filtered out at a specific frequency or a frequency other than a specific frequency.
  • the noise amplifier 13 can be a high frequency or intermediate frequency preamplifier of various radio receivers, or an amplifying circuit of a high sensitivity electronic detecting device, and the power amplifier 17 is used for given At distortion rate conditions, the maximum power output is generated to drive the load.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-mode dielectric resonator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the three-mode dielectric resonator is applied to a filter, as shown in FIG. 3, which includes a conductive outer casing 21, a dielectric cube 22, and a support base 23.
  • the dielectric cube 22 is disposed inside the cavity formed by the conductive outer casing 21 through the support base 23, and the dielectric cube 22 is formed in three mutually orthogonal directions.
  • the three resonant modes are formed; the dielectric cube 22 includes at least one first dielectric hole 24 and at least one second dielectric hole 25; wherein the axial directions of the first dielectric hole 24 and the second dielectric hole 25 are not parallel.
  • the first dielectric aperture 24 and the second dielectric aperture 25 can be used to change the magnetic field distribution of the resonant mode.
  • the resonant frequency is the reciprocal of the resonant period, and the resonant period refers to the time during which the voltage across the resonant time capacitor or the inductor changes by one cycle.
  • the coupling relative bandwidth is the ratio of the coupling bandwidth to the center frequency, and the coupling bandwidth is used to characterize the coupling strength between the resonant modes.
  • the first medium hole 24 and the second medium hole 25 are used to change the magnetic field distribution of each resonance mode, thereby enhancing the coupling strength between the resonance modes, so that the coupling relative bandwidth generated between the resonance frequencies corresponding to the respective resonance modes is changed. Big.
  • the working principle of the three-mode dielectric resonator provided by this embodiment is specifically as follows: three resonant modes generated by the three-mode dielectric resonator, the electromagnetic fields are orthogonal to each other, and the resonant modes are not coupled to each other or the coupling strength is small.
  • the hole in one direction of the dielectric cube can change the magnetic field distribution of the resonance modes corresponding to the other two directions, resulting in strong coupling between the resonance modes corresponding to the other two directions, thereby achieving a larger coupling relative bandwidth. .
  • the direction of the first dielectric hole is x
  • the direction of the second dielectric hole is z
  • the hole is punched in the x direction
  • the distribution of the electromagnetic field in the resonance mode corresponding to the y and z directions changes. Therefore, the coupling between the resonance mode corresponding to the y direction and the resonance mode corresponding to the z direction is enhanced, and the coupling relative bandwidth is increased.
  • the z direction is played.
  • the holes also serve to enhance the coupling between the resonant modes in the x and y directions. Therefore, the coupling between the resonant modes can be enhanced by the first dielectric holes and the second dielectric holes, thereby achieving a large coupling relative bandwidth.
  • the conductive outer casing 21 has a cubic structure, and the conductive outer casing may also have a spherical shape, a column shape, a polygonal body, and the like, and the first medium hole 24 and the second medium hole 25 may be
  • the surface of the dielectric cube 22 may not penetrate the surface of the dielectric cube 22, and the cross section of the first dielectric hole 24 and the second dielectric hole 25 on the dielectric cube 22 may be any shape, which is not included in the present invention. limit.
  • the first dielectric aperture 24 and the second dielectric aperture 25 penetrate the surface of the dielectric cube 22.
  • the first medium hole 24 and the second medium hole 25 have a circular cross section.
  • the three-mode dielectric resonator provided in this embodiment, at least one first dielectric hole and at least one second dielectric hole are disposed on the dielectric cube, and the magnetic field distribution of each resonant mode is changed through the first dielectric hole and the second dielectric hole, so that three The coupling between the resonant modes formed by the mode dielectric resonator is enhanced, thereby Achieve a large coupling relative bandwidth to achieve the purpose of achieving predetermined electrical performance.
  • the axial direction of the first medium hole and the second medium hole are perpendicular, and then the “medium cube includes at least one
  • the first medium hole and the at least one second medium hole may be specifically implemented by: the first medium hole is vertically disposed between the first surface and the second surface of the medium cube, and the second medium hole is vertically disposed at Between the third surface and the fourth surface of the dielectric cube; wherein the first surface is parallel to the second surface, the third surface is parallel to the fourth surface, the first surface being perpendicular to the third surface.
  • the first medium hole may also be disposed between the first surface and the second surface of the medium cube at other non-perpendicular angles, and the second medium hole may also be disposed at other non-perpendicular angles.
  • the first medium hole and the second medium hole may also be respectively disposed on two diagonal lines of the medium cube (ie, diagonal on the diagonal surface)
  • the coupling effect formed by the first medium hole and the second medium hole respectively disposed between the two sets of surfaces in a vertical manner is optimal, but is not limited in the present invention.
  • the distance between the center of the first medium hole on the first surface and the intersection of the two diagonal lines of the first surface is greater than the first predetermined distance.
  • the first predetermined distance is used to make the first medium hole be disposed on the corner of the first surface, and the coupling generated when the first medium hole is located on the corner of the first surface is stronger, so as far as possible
  • the first dielectric holes are disposed on the corners of the first surface such that the coupling between the resonant modes is stronger, thereby generating a larger coupling relative bandwidth, and a person skilled in the art can set the first preset distance according to actual conditions.
  • the distance between the intersection of the two media holes on the third surface from the center to the third surface of the third surface is greater than the second predetermined distance.
  • the second predetermined distance is used to make the second dielectric hole be disposed on the corner of the third surface, so that the coupling between the resonant modes is stronger, thereby generating a larger coupling relative bandwidth.
  • the technician can set the second preset distance according to the actual situation.
  • the upper surface of the dielectric cube 22 is marked as a first surface
  • the lower surface of the dielectric cube 22 is marked as a second surface
  • the front surface of the dielectric cube 22 is marked as a third surface
  • the rear surface of the dielectric cube 22 is labeled as a fourth surface. Since the first medium hole and the second medium hole can be combined in various combinations, the present embodiment will be described in detail below by taking FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 as an example. For the technical solution of the example, each of the dashed boxes in FIGS. 4-7 is a combination.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, a first dielectric hole is formed in a corner of the first surface, and a second dielectric hole is formed in a corner of the third surface, and a total of 8 combinations are used (in which each dotted line frame is a type the way).
  • a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole are respectively formed on the first surface and the third surface.
  • the distribution of the electromagnetic field is greatly changed due to the perturbation of the dielectric hole. This results in an increase in the coupling between the two resonant modes, achieving a larger coupling relative bandwidth to achieve the desired electrical performance.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, a first dielectric hole is formed in a corner of the first surface, and two second dielectric holes are formed in a corner of the third surface, and a total of 12 combinations are used (in which each dotted line frame is Ways)
  • a first dielectric hole is formed on the first surface, and a combination of two second dielectric holes is formed on the third surface, in particular, two second dielectric holes are formed on the diagonal of the third surface.
  • the combination can obtain different coupling amounts.
  • two second dielectric holes are provided on the same side to obtain a smaller coupling amount than one second dielectric hole, and two second dielectric holes are obtained on the diagonal line.
  • a greater amount of coupling than a second dielectric hole achieves the purpose of achieving a predetermined electrical performance.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, two first dielectric holes are punched in the corners of the first surface, and a second dielectric hole is formed in the corners of the third surface. There are 16 combinations (one in each dashed box). Ways)
  • two first dielectric holes are formed on the first surface, and a second dielectric hole is formed in the combination of the second surface on the third surface, in particular, two first dielectric holes are formed on the diagonal of the first surface.
  • the combination can obtain different coupling amounts.
  • two second dielectric holes are provided on the same side to obtain a smaller coupling amount than one second dielectric hole, and two second dielectric holes are obtained on the diagonal line. A greater amount of coupling than a second dielectric hole achieves the purpose of achieving a predetermined electrical performance.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a combined distribution of a first dielectric hole and a second dielectric hole according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, two first dielectric holes are punched in the corners of the first surface, and two second dielectric holes are punched in the corners of the third surface, and a total of 24 combinations are used (in which each dashed box is One kind the way).
  • two first dielectric holes are formed on the first surface, and two second dielectric holes are combined in the third surface, in particular, two first dielectrics are formed on the diagonal of the first surface.
  • a combination of two second dielectric holes in the hole or on the diagonal of the third surface can obtain different coupling amounts.
  • two second dielectric holes are provided on the same side to obtain more than one second dielectric hole. With a small coupling amount, two second dielectric holes are provided on the diagonal to obtain a larger coupling amount than a second dielectric hole, so as to achieve a predetermined electrical performance.
  • the combination modes provided by the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 are only a few preferred combinations, and the first medium hole and the second medium hole may have other combinations.
  • three combinations of the first medium holes on the first surface and a second medium hole on the third surface are not limited thereto.
  • the coupling between the resonant modes formed by the three-mode dielectric resonator is enhanced, thereby realizing Larger coupling relative bandwidth; and different combinations are selected according to the number and position of the first medium hole and the second medium hole, achieving more flexibility.
  • the first dielectric aperture is cylindrical and the diameter of the first dielectric aperture is less than half the length of either side of the first surface.
  • the second dielectric aperture is cylindrical and the second dielectric aperture has a diameter that is less than half the length of either side of the third surface.
  • the first dielectric hole does not penetrate any surface of the dielectric cube.
  • the first media aperture may not penetrate the first and second surfaces of the dielectric cube.
  • the second dielectric aperture does not penetrate any surface of the dielectric cube.
  • the second media aperture may not penetrate the third and fourth surfaces of the dielectric cube.
  • the first medium hole and the second medium hole may penetrate one surface of the medium cube, or the first medium hole and the second medium hole may penetrate the surface of the two dielectric cubes.
  • the invention is not limited.
  • the diameters of the first medium hole and the second medium hole can be adjusted to adjust the degree of variation of the electromagnetic field distribution, and thus the coupling strength between the resonance modes can be controlled.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a filter, including the three-mode dielectric resonator provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the filter changes the magnetic field distribution of each resonant mode by providing at least one first dielectric hole and at least one second dielectric hole on the three-mode dielectric resonator, thereby causing a three-mode dielectric resonator to form between resonance modes
  • the coupling is enhanced to achieve a larger coupling relative bandwidth; and the filter does not require the addition of an additional perturbation structure to achieve a larger coupling relative bandwidth, such that the resonant frequency in different directions and the relative bandwidth of the coupling
  • the mutual influence is small, and the independent resonant frequency and the coupled relative bandwidth can be generated, thereby improving the manufacturability of the filter and having high practical value.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a communication device, which may include the foregoing resonator or filter.
  • the communication device can be a base station.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a communication system, which may include the foregoing communication device.
  • the communication system can be a wireless communication system or a radar system.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种三模介质谐振器和滤波器，三模介质谐振器包括：导电外壳、介质立方体和支撑座；所述介质立方体通过所述支撑座设置于所述导电外壳所形成的腔体内部，且所述介质立方体在三个互为正交的方向上形成三个谐振模式；所述介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔；其中，所述第一介质孔和所述第二介质孔的轴线方向不平行，使得各所述谐振模式对应的谐振频率之间产生的耦合相对带宽增大，从而实现较大的相对耦合带宽，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。

Description

三模介质谐振器和滤波器 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及电磁技术，尤其涉及一种三模介质谐振器和滤波器。
背景技术
随着无线通信技术的发展以及降低环境污染的绿色基站概念的提出，对射频模块的小型化需求与日俱增，滤波器作为射频模块的重要组成部分，在高性能、小型化领域的作用举足轻重，介质滤波器具有小型化、高性能的特点，受到越来越多的关注。
介质滤波器当前传统的形式有单模介质滤波器、双模介质滤波器、三模介质滤波器，其中，传统的单模介质滤波器，在同样的性能下体积较大；双模或三模介质滤波器应用谐振器的多模特性，实现1个腔体产生2个或3个谐振模式，可减小滤波器的体积。图1为现有技术的三模介质谐振器示意图，如图1所示，该三模介质谐振器包括立方导电外壳1和介质立方体2，通过介质立方体2在X、Y、Z三个正交方向上形成三个谐振模式，将该三模介质谐振器应用于滤波器中形成一个三模介质滤波器，通过外部微扰结构来实现模式间的耦合。
然而，现有的外部或内部微扰结构形成的耦合非常微弱，采用图1所示的三模介质谐振器形成的滤波器耦合达到的耦合相对带宽较小，很难满足相对较大耦合带宽的运用需求。
发明内容
本发明提供一种三模介质谐振器和滤波器，使得三模介质谐振器形成的各谐振模式之间的耦合增强，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
第一方面，本发明提供一种三模介质谐振器，应用于滤波器，包括：导电外壳、介质立方体和支撑座；
所述介质立方体通过所述支撑座设置于所述导电外壳所形成的腔体内 部，且所述介质立方体在三个互为正交的方向上形成三个谐振模式；
所述介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔；其中，所述第一介质孔和所述第二介质孔的轴线方向相互垂直。
结合第一方面，在一方面的第一种可能实现方式中，所述第一介质孔和所述第二介质孔的轴线方向垂直。
结合第一方面的第一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能实现方式中，所述介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，包括：
所述第一介质孔垂直设置于所述介质立方体的第一表面和第二表面之间，所述第二介质孔垂直设置于所述介质立方体的第三表面和第四表面之间；其中，所述第一表面平行于所述第二表面，所述第三表面平行于所述第四表面，所述第一表面垂直于所述第三表面。
结合第一方面的第二种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能实现方式中，所述第一介质孔在所述第一表面上的中心到所述第一表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离的大于第一预设距离。
结合第一方面的第二种或者第三种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能实现方式中，所述第二介质孔在所述第三表面上的中心到所述第三表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离大于第二预设距离。
结合第一方面的第二种至第四种中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能实现方式中，所述第一介质孔为圆柱形，且所述第一介质孔的直径小于所述第一表面的任一边的长度的一半孔。
结合第一方面的第二种至第五种中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能实现方式中，所述第二介质孔为圆柱形，且所述第二介质孔的直径小于所述第三表面的任一边的长度的一半孔。
结合第一方面的第一种至第六种中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能实现方式中，所述第一介质孔不穿透所述介质立方体的任一表面；或者，所述第一介质孔穿透所述介质立方体的表面。
结合第一方面的第一种至第七种中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能实现方式中，所述第二介质孔不穿透所述介质立方体的任一表面；或者，所述第二介质孔穿透所述介质立方体的表面。
第二方面，本发明提供一种滤波器，包括上述实施例中任意一种实施例提供的三模介质谐振器。
本发明提供的三模介质谐振器和滤波器，三模介质谐振器包括导电外壳、介质立方体和支撑座，通过在介质立方体上设置至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，使得各谐振模式的磁场分布发生变化，从而导致三模介质谐振器形成的各谐振模式之间的耦合增强，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图做一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术的三模介质谐振器示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的三模介质谐振器的应用场景示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一提供的三模介质谐振器的结构示意图；
图4为本发明一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图；
图5为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图；
图6为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图；
图7为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图。
附图标记说明：
1：立方导电外壳；
2：介质立方体；
11：天线；
12：滤波器；
13：噪声放大器；
14：混频器；
15：信号发生器；
16：基带模块；
17：功率放大器；
21：导电外壳；
22：介质立方体；
23：支撑座；
24：第一介质孔；
25：第二介质孔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图2为本发明实施例提供的三模介质谐振器的应用场景示意图。该场景为射频通信系统的结构示意图，如图2所示，该场景包括天线11、滤波器12、噪声放大器13、功率放大器17、混频器14、信号发生器15和基带模块16。其中，滤波器12包括本发明实施例提供的三模介质谐振器(图中未示出)，天线11用于在射频通信系统中向空间发射电磁波或从空间接收电磁波，滤波器12用于对特定频率或特定频率以外的频率进行有效滤除，噪声放大器13可以为各类无线电接收机的高频或中频前置放大器，或者高灵敏度电子探测设备的放大电路，功率放大器17用于在给定失真率条件下，产生最大功率输出以驱动负载。
图3为本发明实施例一提供的三模介质谐振器的结构示意图。该三模介质谐振器应用于滤波器中，如图3所示，该三模介质谐振器包括导电外壳21、介质立方体22和支撑座23。其中，介质立方体22通过支撑座23设置于导电外壳21所形成的腔体内部，且介质立方体22在三个互为正交的方向上形 成三个谐振模式；介质立方体22包括至少一个第一介质孔24和至少一个第二介质孔25；其中，第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25的轴线方向不平行。这样第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25可以用于改变谐振模式的磁场分布。
在本实施例中，谐振频率为谐振周期的倒数，谐振周期指的是谐振时间电容或电感两端电压变化一个周期的时间。耦合相对带宽为耦合带宽与中心频率的比值，耦合带宽用于表征谐振模式之间的耦合强弱。第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25用于使得各谐振模式的磁场分布发生变化，从而增强个谐振模式之间的耦合强度，使得各谐振模式对应的谐振频率之间产生的耦合相对带宽变大。
本实施例提供的三模介质谐振器的工作原理具体如下：三模介质谐振器产生的3个谐振模式，电磁场互为正交，并且各谐振模式互相之间没有耦合或者耦合强度很小，在介质立方体的一个方向上打孔，可以使其它两个方向对应的谐振模式的磁场分布发生变化，导致其它两个方向对应的谐振模式之间产生较强的耦合，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽。例如，将介质立方体22的三个互为正交的方向分别记作x、y、z，第一介质孔的方向为x，第二介质孔的方向为z，由于在x方向上打孔，y、z方向对应的谐振模式的电磁场的分布发生变化，因此，y方向对应的谐振模式和z方向对应的谐振模式之间的耦合增强，耦合相对带宽增大，同理，在z方向上打孔也起到增强x、y方向谐振模式之间耦合的效果，因此，通过第一介质孔和第二介质孔可以增强各谐振模式之间的耦合，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，如图1所示，导电外壳21为立方体结构，导电外壳还可以为球形、柱状、多边体等结构，第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25可以穿透介质立方体22的表面，也可不穿透介质立方体22的表面，并且，第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25的在介质立方体22上的截面可以为任意形状，本发明中并不加以限制。如图1示例的，第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25穿透介质立方体22的表面。第一介质孔24和第二介质孔25的截面为圆形。
本实施例提供的三模介质谐振器，在介质立方体上设置至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，通过第一介质孔和第二介质孔改变各谐振模式的磁场分布，使得三模介质谐振器形成的各谐振模式之间的耦合增强，从而 实现较大的耦合相对带宽，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
进一步地，在图3所示实施例的基础上，在本发明实施例二提供的三模介质谐振器中，第一介质孔和第二介质孔的轴线方向垂直，则“介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔”这一方案具体可以通过以下方式来实现：第一介质孔垂直设置于介质立方体的第一表面和第二表面之间，第二介质孔垂直设置于介质立方体的第三表面和第四表面之间；其中，第一表面平行于第二表面，第三表面平行于第四表面，第一表面垂直于第三表面。
可选地，在本实施例中，第一介质孔也可以以其它不垂直的角度设置于介质立方体的第一表面和第二表面之间，第二介质孔也可以以其它不垂直的角度设置于介质立方体的第三表面和第四表面之间，特别地，第一介质孔和第二介质孔还可以分别设置在介质立方体的两条对角线(即对角面上的对角线)上，但是，第一介质孔和第二介质孔分别以垂直方式设置在两组表面之间所形成的耦合效果最佳，但本发明中并不加以限制。
可选地，第一介质孔在第一表面上的中心到第一表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离的大于第一预设距离。
在本实施例中，第一预设距离用于使得第一介质孔设置于第一表面的角落上，由于第一介质孔位于第一表面的角落上时产生的耦合更强，因此，尽量将第一介质孔设置在第一表面的角落上，从而使得各谐振模式之间的耦合更强，进而产生更大的耦合相对带宽，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况来设置第一预设距离。
可选地，第二介质孔在第三表面上的中心到第三表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离大于第二预设距离。
在本实施例中，第二预设距离用于使得第二介质孔设置于第三表面的角落上，从而使得各谐振模式之间的耦合更强，进而产生更大的耦合相对带宽，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况来设置第二预设距离。
在本实施例中，参照图3，将介质立方体22的上表面标记为第一表面，将介质立方体22的下表面标记为第二表面，将介质立方体22的前表面标记为第三表面，将介质立方体22的后表面标记为第四表面，由于第一介质孔和第二介质孔可以采用多种组合形式，下面将以图4-图7为例详细说明本实施 例的技术方案，图4-图7中的每一个虚线框为一种组合方式。
图4为本发明一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图。如图4所示，在第一表面的角落上打一个第一介质孔，在第三表面的角落上打一个第二介质孔，一共有8种组合方式(其中每个虚线框内为一种方式)。
在本实施例中，在第一表面和第三表面上分别打一个第一介质孔和第二介质孔，对于每一个介质孔，由于介质孔的微扰，使得电磁场的分布发生较大改变，导致两个谐振模式之间的耦合得以增强，实现较大的耦合相对带宽，从而达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
图5为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图。如图5所示，在第一表面的角落上打一个第一介质孔，在第三表面的角落上打两个第二介质孔，一共有12种组合方式(其中每个虚线框内为一种方式)。
在本实施例中，在第一表面打一个第一介质孔，在第三表面打两个第二介质孔的组合中，特别是在第三表面的对角线上打两个第二介质孔的组合可以获得不同的耦合量，一般来说在同一侧设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更小的耦合量，在对角线上设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更大的耦合量，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
图6为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图。如图6所示，在第一表面的角落上打两个第一介质孔，在第三表面的角落上打一个第二介质孔，一共有16种组合方式(其中每个虚线框内为一种方式)。
在本实施例中，在第一表面打两个第一介质孔，在第三表面打一个第二介质孔的组合中，特别是在第一表面的对角线上打两个第一介质孔的组合可以获得不同的耦合量，一般来说在同一侧设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更小的耦合量，在对角线上设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更大的耦合量，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
图7为本发明另一实施例提供的第一介质孔和第二介质孔的组合分布示意图。如图7所示，在第一表面的角落上打两个第一介质孔，在第三表面的角落上打两个第二介质孔，一共有24种组合方式(其中每个虚线框内为一种 方式)。
在本实施例中，在第一表面打两个第一介质孔，在第三表面打两个第二介质孔的组合中，特别是在第一表面的对角线上打两个第一介质孔的或者在第三表面的对角线上打两个第二介质孔的组合可以获得不同的耦合量，一般来说在同一侧设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更小的耦合量，在对角线上设置两个第二介质孔是获得比一个第二介质孔更大的耦合量，达到实现预定电气性能的目的。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，图4-图7所示实施例提供的组合方式仅为几种较佳的组合方式，第一介质孔和第二介质孔还可以有其它的组合方式，例如，在第一表面上打三个第一介质孔，在第三表面上打一个第二介质孔等其它的组合方式，本发明中并不以此为限。
本实施例提供的三模介质谐振器，通过在介质立方体上设置至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，使得三模介质谐振器形成的各谐振模式之间的耦合增强，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽；并且，根据第一介质孔和第二介质孔的数量和位置来选择不同的组合方式，实现更加的灵活。
可选地，第一介质孔为圆柱形，且第一介质孔的直径小于第一表面的任一边的长度的一半。
可选地，第二介质孔为圆柱形，且第二介质孔的直径小于第三表面的任一边的长度的一半。
进一步地，在上述任一实施例的基础上，第一介质孔不穿透介质立方体的任一表面。例如，在图3所示实施例中，第一介质孔可以不穿透介质立方体的第一表面和第二表面。
再进一步地，在上述任一实施例的基础上，第二介质孔不穿透介质立方体的任一表面。例如，在图3所示实施例中，第二介质孔可以不穿透介质立方体的第三表面和第四表面。
可选地，在本发明实施例中，第一介质孔和第二介质孔可以穿透介质立方体的一个表面，或者，第一介质孔和第二介质孔也可以穿透两个介质立方体的表面，本发明中不加以限制。
在本实施例中，可以调节第一介质孔和第二介质孔的直径，从而调节电磁场的分布变化程度，进而可以控制各谐振模式之间的耦合强度。
本发明实施例还提供一种滤波器，包括上述任一实施例提供的三模介质谐振器。该滤波器通过在三模介质谐振器上设置至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，使得各谐振模式的磁场分布发生变化，从而导致三模介质谐振器形成的各谐振模式之间的耦合增强，从而实现较大的耦合相对带宽；并且，该滤波器不需要增加额外的微扰结构即可获得较大的耦合相对带宽，使得不同方向上的谐振频率以及耦合相对带宽之间的相互影响较小，可产生较独立的谐振频率和耦合相对带宽，从而提高了滤波器的可制造性，具有较高的实用价值。
本发明实施例还提供一种通信设备，可以包括前述谐振器或滤波器。该通信设备可以为基站。
本发明实施例还提供一种通信系统，可以包括前述通信设备。该通信系统可以为无线通信系统，也可以为雷达系统。
具体的描述可以参考前述描述，在此不予赘述。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种三模介质谐振器，应用于滤波器，其特征在于，包括：导电外壳、介质立方体和支撑座；
    所述介质立方体通过所述支撑座设置于所述导电外壳所形成的腔体内部，且所述介质立方体在三个互为正交的方向上形成三个谐振模式；
    所述介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔；其中，所述第一介质孔和所述第二介质孔的轴线方向不平行。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第一介质孔和所述第二介质孔的轴线方向垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述介质立方体包括至少一个第一介质孔和至少一个第二介质孔，包括：
    所述第一介质孔垂直设置于所述介质立方体的第一表面和第二表面之间，所述第二介质孔垂直设置于所述介质立方体的第三表面和第四表面之间；其中，所述第一表面平行于所述第二表面，所述第三表面平行于所述第四表面，所述第一表面垂直于所述第三表面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第一介质孔在所述第一表面上的中心到所述第一表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离大于第一预设距离。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第二介质孔在所述第三表面上的中心到所述第三表面的两条对角线的交点之间的距离大于第二预设距离。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第一介质孔为圆柱形，且所述第一介质孔的直径小于所述第一表面的任一边的长度的一半。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任一项所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第二介质孔为圆柱形，且所述第二介质孔的直径小于所述第三表面的任一边的长度的一半。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第一介质孔不穿透所述介质立方体的任一表面；或者，所述第一介质孔穿透所述介质立方体的表面。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的三模介质谐振器，其特征在于，所述第二介质孔不穿透所述介质立方体的任一表面；或者，所述第二介质孔穿透所述介质立方体的表面。
  10. 一种滤波器，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的三模介质谐振器。
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