WO2016136820A1 - ラジアスエンドミル、ボールエンドミル、及びエンドミル - Google Patents
ラジアスエンドミル、ボールエンドミル、及びエンドミル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016136820A1 WO2016136820A1 PCT/JP2016/055471 JP2016055471W WO2016136820A1 WO 2016136820 A1 WO2016136820 A1 WO 2016136820A1 JP 2016055471 W JP2016055471 W JP 2016055471W WO 2016136820 A1 WO2016136820 A1 WO 2016136820A1
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- Prior art keywords
- end mill
- outer peripheral
- blade
- angle
- cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/16—Milling-cutters characterised by physical features other than shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/04—Angles
- B23C2210/0407—Cutting angles
- B23C2210/0421—Cutting angles negative
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/04—Angles
- B23C2210/0407—Cutting angles
- B23C2210/0421—Cutting angles negative
- B23C2210/0435—Cutting angles negative radial rake angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/04—Angles
- B23C2210/0485—Helix angles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/08—Side or top views of the cutting edge
- B23C2210/082—Details of the corner region between axial and radial cutting edges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/20—Number of cutting edges
- B23C2210/203—Number of cutting edges four
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2210/00—Details of milling cutters
- B23C2210/40—Flutes, i.e. chip conveying grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/18—Ceramic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radius end mill made of ceramic.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-038218 filed in Japan on February 27, 2015 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-038219 filed in Japan on February 27, 2015. The contents are incorporated herein.
- a radius end mill made of ceramic as shown in Patent Document 1 is known.
- This radius end mill has an end mill body having an axial shape, and a chip discharge groove, an outer peripheral blade, a bottom blade (tip blade), and a corner blade are formed in the end mill body.
- the radius end mill rotates in the tool rotation direction out of the circumferential direction along the axis of the end mill body, and feeds in the direction intersecting the axis (by being sent) and cuts into the work material. Go.
- a plurality of chip discharge grooves extending from the distal end of the end mill main body toward the base end side are formed on the outer periphery of the end mill main body at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the outer peripheral blade is formed in the intersection ridgeline of the wall surface which faces a tool rotation direction in a chip discharge groove, and the outer peripheral surface of an end mill main body.
- the bottom blade is formed in the intersection ridgeline of the said wall surface of a chip discharge groove
- a corner blade having a convex curve shape is formed on the outer peripheral portion (corner portion) of the wall surface of the chip discharge groove by connecting the outer end (radially outer edge) of the bottom blade and the tip of the outer peripheral blade.
- the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) of the outer peripheral blade is set to a positive angle.
- the outer peripheral blade cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced. Since the cutting resistance is reduced by increasing the sharpness, the cutting speed can be increased to improve the processing efficiency.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to -4 ° to 0 °, and is set to a negative (negative) angle close to a positive angle.
- the radius end mill of Patent Document 1 is made of ceramic, and by setting the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade to a negative angle, the blade angle is increased and the blade edge strength is ensured.
- a ball end mill as shown in Patent Document 2 is known.
- the ball end mill is formed of a cemented carbide or the like.
- the ball end mill of Patent Document 2 has an end mill body having an axial shape, and a chip discharge groove, an outer peripheral blade, and a bottom blade (tip blade) are formed in the end mill body.
- the ball end mill has a narrow endless ball end mill in which the diameter of the outer peripheral blade is constant along the axial direction, and a taper in which the diameter of the outer peripheral blade is gradually increased from the distal end along the axial direction toward the base end side.
- the ball end mill rotates in the tool rotation direction out of the circumferential direction along the axis of the end mill body, and is fed into the direction intersecting the axis (by being sent) and cuts into the work material. Go.
- a plurality of chip discharge grooves extending from the distal end of the end mill main body toward the base end are formed on the outer periphery of the end mill main body at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the outer peripheral blade is formed in the intersection ridgeline of the wall surface which faces a tool rotation direction in a chip discharge groove, and the outer peripheral surface of an end mill main body.
- a bottom blade is formed on the intersecting ridge line between the wall surface of the chip discharge groove and the tip surface of the end mill body.
- the bottom blade has a convex arc shape that is convex toward the outer peripheral side of the tip end of the end mill body, and is smoothly connected to the tip of the outer peripheral blade and extends from the tip toward the axis.
- the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) of the outer peripheral blade is set to a positive angle in order to increase the cutting speed. Specifically, as the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to a large positive angle, the outer peripheral blade cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced. Since the cutting resistance is reduced by increasing the sharpness, the cutting speed can be increased to improve the processing efficiency.
- Patent Document 1 since the radial end mill of Patent Document 1 is made of ceramic, if the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is increased to the positive angle side, the blade angle is reduced and the blade edge strength cannot be ensured. Further, for this type of radius end mill, it has been required to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency.
- the ball end mill is formed of ceramic, if the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is increased to the positive angle side, as described above, the blade angle becomes small and the blade edge strength cannot be ensured. Further, for this type of ball end mill, it has been required to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a radius end mill, a ball end mill, and an end mill that can improve efficiency and extend tool life.
- a radius end mill according to an aspect of the present invention has an axial shape, is formed on an outer periphery of an end mill main body made of ceramic, and the end mill main body, and extends from the distal end along the axial direction of the end mill main body toward the proximal end side.
- the radial rake angle of at least the outer peripheral blade is set to a negative angle
- the radial rake angle of the peripheral cutting edge is characterized by a -20 ° ⁇ -10 °.
- the radius end mill of the present invention has an end mill body made of ceramic.
- the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) of the outer peripheral blade is set to a negative angle. Specifically, the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the “radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade” as used in the present specification means a radial direction perpendicular to the axis O in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. 4 (sectional view perpendicular to the axis O of the end mill body 2).
- a virtual surface (corresponding to a so-called “reference surface”) passing through the outer peripheral blade 6 along a predetermined radial direction D, and a rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 (the tool of the chip discharge groove 4 adjacent to the outer peripheral blade 6)
- the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- the radial rake angle being “ ⁇ (minus)”, that is, a negative (negative) angle means that the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 is in the radial direction in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. Is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward.
- the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral edge 6 is arranged on the tool rotation direction T side with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle is “+ (plus)”, that is, a positive (positive) angle
- the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 is This is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward in the radial direction.
- the rake face 4 a of the outer peripheral blade 6 is arranged on the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle (the angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade is a negative angle, and is set to a large negative angle side of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °. For this reason, at the time of cutting, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral edge of the radius end mill with respect to the work material increases, and accordingly, the cutting heat (heat generation or frictional heat due to plastic deformation in the shear region) also increases.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge of a radius end mill made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral blade. As a result, the outer peripheral blade can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the radius end mill is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the inventor of the present invention as a result of earnest research on a radius end mill made of ceramic, by setting the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge in the above numerical range, intentionally increasing the cutting heat during cutting, As a result, it is possible to drastically increase the cutting speed by softening the work material while maintaining the hardness of the radius end mill and cutting so that the work material is scraped off due to the difference in hardness. I came to know. That is, the cutting mode (machining form) by the radius end mill of the present invention is greatly different from the cutting mode of the conventional general radius end mill.
- the radius end mill of the present invention when a heat-resistant alloy such as INCONEL (registered trademark) is cut as a work material, compared to a radius end mill (conventional product) made of a general cemented carbide. It was confirmed that a machining efficiency of 10 times or more can be realized. Moreover, since the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge of the radius end mill of the present invention is within the above numerical range, the blade angle is sufficiently secured and the blade edge strength is improved. Therefore, chipping of the blade edge is less likely to occur.
- INCONEL registered trademark
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the end mill body is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade, and the tool life is also improved. Can be extended.
- a radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is -17.5 ° to -12.5 °.
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is preferably 30 ° to 40 °.
- the term “twist angle” refers to the axis O (or the axis O) in the side view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. 2 (the side view when the end mill body 2 is viewed from the radial direction perpendicular to the axis O).
- the term “twist angle” refers to the axis O (or the axis O) in the side view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. 2 (the side view when the end mill body 2 is viewed from the radial direction perpendicular to the axis O).
- acute angles and obtuse angles formed between the parallel straight line) and the outer peripheral edge 6 (twisted helical winding) it indicates an acute angle ⁇ .
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to be larger than 40 °. This is because, when the twist angle is set to a large positive angle, the outer peripheral edge cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade is set as small as 30 ° to 40 ° to intentionally increase the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade with respect to the work material.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge of a radius end mill made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral blade. As a result, the outer peripheral blade can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the radius end mill is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the outer peripheral blade can ensure a sharpness enough to scrape off the work material softened by the cutting heat.
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is smaller than 40 °, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade can be increased to the extent that sufficient cutting heat can be obtained to soften the work material. it can.
- the end mill body is preferably made of sialon.
- the end mill body is made of ceramic material sialon (SiAlON), it has excellent heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength under high temperature environment, wear resistance, and the like. Therefore, the above-described operational effects of the present invention become more remarkable and can be stably achieved.
- the ball end mill has a shaft-like end mill body made of ceramic, and is formed on the outer periphery of the end mill body. As the end mill body extends from the distal end along the axial direction toward the proximal end side.
- the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction in the chip discharge groove, and the outer peripheral surface of the end mill body On the intersecting ridge line of the chip discharge groove extending gradually toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction in the circumferential direction around the axis, the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction in the chip discharge groove, and the outer peripheral surface of the end mill body.
- Radial rake angle of is set to a negative angle, the radial rake angle of the peripheral cutting edge is characterized by a -20 ° ⁇ -10 °.
- the end mill body is made of ceramic.
- the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) of at least the outer peripheral edge of the outer peripheral edge and the bottom edge is set to a negative angle. Specifically, the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the “ball end mill” is a narrowly defined ball in which the diameter of the outer peripheral blade (the distance from the axis to the outer peripheral blade along the radial direction perpendicular to the axis, that is, the radius) is constant along the axial direction.
- a tapered ball end mill, a long neck end mill, a tapered neck end mill, and the like in which the diameter of the outer peripheral blade is gradually increased from the distal end along the axial direction toward the proximal end side are included.
- the present invention has the following remarkable effects by adopting it in a broadly defined ball end mill having various aspects.
- the “radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade” referred to in the present specification refers to the axis O in the cross sectional view of the end mill main body 102 shown in FIGS. 9 and 14 (the cross sectional view perpendicular to the axis O of the end mill main body 102).
- a virtual surface (corresponding to a so-called “reference surface”) passing through the outer peripheral edge 106 and a rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 (chip adjacent to the outer peripheral edge 106).
- the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- the radial rake angle being “ ⁇ (minus)”, that is, a negative (negative) angle means that the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 in the cross sectional view of the end mill body 102 shown in FIGS. , The angle ⁇ when extending toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T toward the outer side in the radial direction.
- the rake face 104 a of the outer peripheral edge 106 is arranged in the tool rotation direction T with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle is “+ (plus)”, that is, a positive (positive) angle, the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 102, This is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward in the radial direction.
- the rake face 104 a of the outer peripheral edge 106 is arranged on the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle (the angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade is a negative angle, and is set to a large negative angle side of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °. For this reason, at the time of cutting, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral edge of the ball end mill with respect to the work material increases, and accordingly, the cutting heat (heat generation or frictional heat due to plastic deformation in the shear region) also increases.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge of a ball end mill made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral blade. As a result, the outer peripheral blade can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the ball end mill is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the inventors of the present invention as a result of earnest research on the ball end mill made of ceramic, by intentionally increasing the cutting heat at the time of cutting by setting the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade in the above numerical range, As a result, it is possible to dramatically increase the cutting speed by softening the work material while maintaining the hardness of the ball end mill, and cutting so that the work material is scraped off due to the difference in hardness. I came to know. That is, the cutting mode (processing mode) by the ball end mill of the present invention is greatly different from the cutting mode of the conventional general ball end mill.
- the ball end mill of the present invention when a heat-resistant alloy such as INCONEL (registered trademark) is cut as a work material, compared to a ball end mill (conventional product) made of a general cemented carbide. It was confirmed that a machining efficiency of 10 times or more can be realized. Moreover, the outer peripheral blade of the ball end mill of the present invention has a radial rake angle in the above numerical range, so that the blade angle is sufficiently secured and the blade edge strength is improved. Therefore, chipping of the blade edge is less likely to occur. In addition, since the blade angle of the outer peripheral blade is large and the strength of the cutting edge is increased, it is possible to stably perform cutting (side surface processing) using the outer peripheral blade even though it is a ball end mill.
- INCONEL registered trademark
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the end mill body is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade, and the tool life is also improved. Can be extended.
- a radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade is -17.5 ° to -12.5 °.
- a twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is 30 ° to 40 °.
- the “twist angle” referred to in the present specification refers to the axis O (or the side view of the end mill main body 102 shown in FIGS. 7 and 12 (the side view when the end mill main body 102 is viewed from the radial direction orthogonal to the axis O).
- the acute angles and obtuse angles formed between the straight line parallel to the axis O) and the outer peripheral edge 106 (twisted helical winding) it indicates the acute angle ⁇ .
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to be larger than 40 °. This is because, when the twist angle is set to a large positive angle, the outer peripheral edge cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade is set as small as 30 ° to 40 ° to intentionally increase the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade with respect to the work material.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge of a ball end mill made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral blade. As a result, the outer peripheral blade can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the ball end mill is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the outer peripheral blade can ensure a sharpness enough to scrape off the work material softened by the cutting heat.
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is smaller than 40 °, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade can be increased to the extent that sufficient cutting heat can be obtained to soften the work material. it can.
- the end mill body is preferably made of sialon.
- the end mill body is made of ceramic material sialon (SiAlON), it has excellent heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength under high temperature environment, wear resistance, and the like. Therefore, the above-described operational effects of the present invention become more remarkable and can be stably achieved.
- An end mill according to an aspect of the present invention has an axial shape and is formed on an outer periphery of the end mill main body made of ceramic and the end mill main body, and gradually increases from the tip end along the axial direction of the end mill main body toward the base end side.
- the bottom blade has an outer end of the bottom blade, Formed so as to be connected to the tip of the outer peripheral blade via a corner blade that is located on the outer peripheral portion of the end mill main body and is convex toward the outer peripheral end of the end mill main body, or
- the end mill body has a convex arcuate shape that protrudes toward the outer peripheral side of the end mill body, is smoothly connected to the tip of the outer peripheral blade, and extends from the tip toward the axis.
- the rake angle is set to a negative angle of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the end mill body is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the machining efficiency and extend the tool life while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade. Can do.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a radius end mill according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the radius end mill of FIG. It is a front view which shows the radius end mill of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an XX section of FIG. 2. It is a graph which compares the Example of this invention (1st Embodiment), and the conventional comparative example, and represents the relationship between the radial rake angle of an outer peripheral blade, and cutting length. It is a perspective view which shows the ball end mill which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the ball end mill of FIG. It is a front view which shows the ball end mill of FIG. It is a figure which shows the XX cross section of FIG.
- the radius end mill 1 of the present embodiment has a shaft-like end mill body 2 made of ceramic.
- the end mill body 2 is made of ceramic material sialon (SiAlON).
- the end mill main body 2 has a substantially columnar shape, and a blade portion 3 a is formed at least at the tip end portion along the axis O direction of the end mill main body 2.
- a portion of the end mill body 2 other than the blade portion 3a is a shank portion 3b.
- the radius end mill 1 has a cylindrical shank portion 3b in the end mill body 2 that is gripped by a spindle of a machine tool or the like and rotated in the tool rotation direction T around the axis O, so that a work material made of a metal material or the like is obtained. Used for cutting (rolling). In addition, the radius end mill 1 is fed in the direction intersecting the axis O along with the above rotation (given feed), so that, for example, shoulder machining, grooving, R machining on the work material by the blade portion 3a. , Copying and the like.
- the radius end mill 1 of this embodiment is particularly suitable for cutting a heat-resistant alloy (hard-to-cut material) such as INCONEL (registered trademark) as a work material.
- coolant is ejected toward the blade portion 3 a of the radius end mill 1 and the cutting surface (work portion) of the work material.
- this coolant it is preferable to use dry ice powder.
- the direction that circulates around the axis O is referred to as the circumferential direction.
- the direction in which the end mill main body 2 rotates during cutting is referred to as the tool rotation direction T, and the opposite direction is the tool rotation direction T. The opposite side.
- Chip discharge groove On the outer periphery of the blade portion 3a, a plurality of chip discharge grooves 4 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the chip discharge groove 4 is open at the distal end surface of the end mill body 2 and extends while twisting toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T from the distal end surface toward the proximal end side.
- the chip discharge groove 4 is rounded up to the outer periphery of the end mill main body 2 at the end portion on the proximal end side of the blade portion 3a.
- the four chip discharge grooves 4 are formed at intervals (equal intervals or unequal intervals) in the circumferential direction.
- Each chip discharge groove 4 has a wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T, and a portion of the wall surface adjacent to the cutting edge is a rake surface.
- the rake face of the cutting edge the portions adjacent to the outer peripheral edge 6, the bottom edge 9, and the corner edge 10, which will be described later, of the cutting edge are respectively the rake face 4 a and the bottom edge 9 of the outer peripheral edge 6.
- the rake face 4b and the rake face 4c of the corner blade 10 are used.
- a gash 7 is formed at the tip of the chip discharge groove 4 so that the tip is cut out in a groove shape in the radial direction.
- the gash 7 of the present embodiment is formed in a trapezoidal groove shape extending along the radial direction at the distal end portion of the chip discharge groove 4, and the radially inner end thereof is on the axis O. Has reached.
- four gashes 7 are formed corresponding to the four chip discharge grooves 4. These gashes 7 communicate with each other at the radially inner end (in the radial center of the end face of the end mill body 2, that is, on the axis O).
- the blade part 3a has a plurality of cutting edges at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the cutting edges has an outer peripheral edge 6, a corner edge 10 and a bottom edge 9, which are smoothly continuous to form one L-shaped cutting edge.
- the radius end mill 1 of the present embodiment has a blade portion 3a having four blades (four cutting blades). However, the number of cutting edges of the radius end mill 1 (the number of sets of outer peripheral blades 6, corner blades 10, and bottom blades 9 that are continuous in an L shape) is not limited to the four blades described in the present embodiment. For example, it may be 3 blades or less, or 5 blades or more. The number of cutting edges corresponds to the number of chip discharge grooves 4.
- Outer peripheral blade An outer peripheral edge 6 is formed on the intersecting ridge line between the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T in the chip discharge groove 4 and the outer peripheral surface of the end mill body 2.
- the outer peripheral blade 6 extends in a spiral shape (spiral shape) along the outer peripheral edge of the wall surface of the chip discharge groove 4.
- the outer peripheral blade 6 includes the rake face 4a located at the radially outer end of the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 4 and the chip discharge out of the outer peripheral surface of the blade part 3a.
- the groove 4 is formed at an intersecting ridge line with the outer peripheral flank 5 adjacent to the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T of the groove 4.
- outer peripheral flank surfaces 5 are formed between the chip discharge grooves 4 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the width of the outer peripheral flank 5 (the length in the direction perpendicular to the outer peripheral blade 6) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the outer peripheral blade 6.
- a number (four) of outer peripheral blades 6 corresponding to the number of the chip discharge grooves 4 (four) are formed in the blade portion 3a at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the outer peripheral blade 6 is a lead equal to the chip discharge groove 4 and extends while twisting gradually toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T from the distal end of the end mill body 2 toward the proximal end side.
- a rotation trajectory formed by the rotation of the outer peripheral blade 6 around the axis O is a single cylindrical surface centered on the axis O.
- the radial rake angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to a negative angle. Specifically, the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °. Preferably, the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is -17.5 ° to -12.5 °.
- the “radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6” referred to in the present specification means a predetermined radial direction passing through the outer peripheral blade 6 among the radial directions orthogonal to the axis O in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG.
- a virtual surface corresponding to a so-called “reference surface” formed along D, and a rake surface 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 (a wall surface portion facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 4 adjacent to the outer peripheral blade 6).
- the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- the radial rake angle being “ ⁇ (minus)”, that is, a negative (negative) angle means that the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 is in the radial direction in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. Is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward.
- the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 is arranged on the tool rotation direction T side with respect to a virtual surface (reference surface) formed along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle is “+ (plus)”, that is, a positive (positive) angle
- the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 2 is This is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward in the radial direction. Therefore, in this case, the rake face 4a of the outer peripheral blade 6 is arranged on the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T with respect to a virtual surface (reference surface) formed along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle of at least the outer peripheral blade 6 among the outer peripheral blade 6, the bottom blade 9, and the corner blade 10 constituting the cutting edge is set to a negative angle, and the radial blade 6 has a radial rake angle.
- the rake angle is in the numerical range described above.
- one or more radial rake angles of the bottom blade 9 and the corner blade 10 may be set to a negative angle.
- the torsion angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 6 is 30 ° to 40 °. It is. Preferably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is less than 39 °. More desirably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is 30 ° to 35 °.
- the “twist angle” refers to an axis O (or a straight line parallel to the axis O) and an outer peripheral blade 6 (twisted spiral winding) in a side view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. Among acute angles and obtuse angles formed between them, the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- a bottom blade (tip blade) 9 is formed on the intersecting ridge line between the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T in the chip discharge groove 4 and the tip surface of the end mill body 2. .
- the bottom blade 9 extends linearly along the tip edge of the wall surface of the chip discharge groove 4.
- the bottom blade 9 includes a rake face 4b located at an end portion on the tip end side and a tip end face of the blade portion 3a among the wall surfaces facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 4 (gash 7).
- the chip discharge groove 4 is formed at the intersecting ridge line with the tip flank 8 adjacent to the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T.
- a tip flank 8 is formed between the chip discharge grooves 4 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the tip surface of the blade portion 3a.
- the width of the tip flank 8 (the length in the direction perpendicular to the bottom blade 9) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the bottom blade 9.
- a number (four items) of bottom blades 9 corresponding to the number of chip discharge grooves 4 (four items) are formed in the blade portion 3a at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom blade 9 in a front view of the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. 3 (when the front end surface of the end mill body 2 is viewed from the axis O direction to the front), the bottom blade 9 extends along the radial direction, The inner end (the inner edge in the radial direction) of the bottom blade 9 is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the axis O.
- the bottom blade 9 gradually extends toward the proximal end side gradually from the outer end (radially outer edge) toward the radially inner side. (Inclined). Therefore, the rotation locus formed by the bottom blade 9 rotating around the axis O is a conical surface (tapered surface) that gradually inclines toward the base end side from the outer end of the bottom blade 9 toward the radially inner side. It becomes.
- the bottom blade 9 may extend so as to be included in a plane perpendicular to the axis O. In this case, the rotation locus of the bottom blade 9 is a plane perpendicular to the axis O.
- the rake angle of the bottom blade 9 (substantially equivalent to the axial rake angle) is set to a negative angle close to 0 °, or 0 °. That is, the rake face 4b of the bottom blade 9 is formed so as to be gradually inclined toward the tool rotation direction T from the tip (bottom blade 9) toward the base end side, or to be parallel to the axis O. Yes.
- the rake angle of the bottom blade 9 may be set to a positive angle. In this case, the rake face 4b of the bottom blade 9 is gradually inclined toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T as it goes from the distal end to the proximal end side.
- a corner blade 10 is formed on a portion (corner portion) of the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T in the chip discharge groove 4 and positioned at the outer peripheral portion of the end mill body 2 at the tip end. ing.
- the corner blade 10 smoothly connects the outer end of the bottom blade 9 and the tip of the outer peripheral blade 6, and has a convex curve shape that protrudes toward the outer periphery of the end of the end mill body 2.
- the corner blade 10 has a chip discharge groove 4 out of a rake face 4c positioned at the outer peripheral portion of the tip of the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 4 and an outer peripheral surface of the tip of the blade portion 3a.
- the corner flank 11 smoothly connects the radially outer end of the tip flank 8 and the tip of the outer flank 5 and has a convex curved surface that is convex toward the outer periphery of the end of the end mill body 2. There is no.
- Corner flank surfaces 11 are respectively formed between the chip discharge grooves 4 adjacent in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the blade portion 3a.
- the width of the corner flank 11 (the length in the direction orthogonal to the corner blade 10) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the corner blade 10.
- a number (four items) of corner blades 10 corresponding to the number (four items) of the chip discharge grooves 4 are formed in the blade portion 3a at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the corner blade 10 when the end mill body 2 shown in FIG. 3 is viewed from the front, the corner blade 10 has a convex curve shape that is convex toward the tool rotation direction T and radially outward.
- the corner blade 10 in the side view of the end mill main body 2 shown in FIG. 2, is a convex curve that is convex toward the tool rotation direction T and toward the base end side. It has a shape.
- the rake angle of the corner blade 10 is set to a positive angle. That is, the rake face 4c of the corner blade 10 is gradually inclined toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T as it goes radially inward and proximally from the outer peripheral edge (corner blade 10).
- the rake angle of the corner blade 10 may be set to a negative angle. In this case, the rake face 4c of the corner blade 10 gradually inclines in the tool rotation direction T as it goes radially inward and proximally from the outer peripheral edge of the tip. Further, the rake angle of the corner blade 10 may be set to 0 °.
- the end mill body 2 is formed of ceramic.
- the bottom blade 9 and the corner blade 10 at least the radial rake angle (the outer peripheral rake angle, the angle ⁇ in FIG. 4) of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to a negative angle.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge 6 of the radius end mill 1 made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral edge 6. As a result, the outer peripheral edge 6 can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the radius end mill 1 is relatively higher than that of the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade 6 can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the inventor of the present invention has intensively studied the radial end mill 1 made of ceramic.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set within the above numerical range, thereby intentionally reducing the cutting heat during the cutting process. This increases the cutting speed by softening the work material while maintaining the hardness of the radius end mill 1 and cutting the work material to scrape off the work material due to the difference in hardness.
- the cutting mode (machining mode) by the radius end mill 1 of the present embodiment is greatly different from the cutting mode of the conventional general radius end mill.
- the radius end mill 1 of the present embodiment when a heat-resistant alloy such as INCONEL (registered trademark) is cut as a work material, for example, a radius end mill (conventional product) made of a general cemented carbide is used. In comparison, it was confirmed that a machining efficiency of 10 times or more can be realized. Moreover, since the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 of the radius end mill 1 of the present embodiment is in the above numerical range, the blade angle is sufficiently ensured and the blade edge strength is improved. Therefore, chipping of the blade edge is less likely to occur.
- INCONEL registered trademark
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is smaller than ⁇ 20 °, that is, larger on the negative angle side, the sharpness of the outer peripheral blade 6 is excessively lowered, and the work material is softened by the cutting heat. Even so, it becomes difficult to increase the cutting speed. Further, when the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 6 exceeds -10 °, the radial rake angle becomes too close to the positive angle side and the desired cutting heat cannot be obtained. That is, since the cutting heat cannot be sufficiently increased, the work material is not softened, and the above-described operation and effect of the present embodiment cannot be obtained. Further, the outer peripheral blade 6 may be worn early and reach the tool life. . Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the end mill body 2 is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade 6, and Tool life can also be extended.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to -17.5 ° to -12.5 °, the above-described operational effects according to the present embodiment can be obtained more reliably and stably. Become. Further, when the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set to -15 °, the most remarkable effect can be obtained.
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to be larger than 40 °. This is because when the twist angle is set to a large positive angle, the outer peripheral edge cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is set as small as 30 ° to 40 °, and the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade 6 against the work material is intentionally increased.
- the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade 6 of the radius end mill 1 with respect to the work material increases, and the cutting heat (heat generation, frictional heat, etc. due to plastic deformation in the shear region) also increases.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge 6 of the radius end mill 1 made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the workpiece is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral edge 6. As a result, the outer peripheral edge 6 can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off (cut off) the work material. Further, since the hardness of the radius end mill 1 is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral blade 6 can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the outer peripheral blade 6 can ensure a sharpness enough to scrape off the work material softened by the cutting heat. .
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is smaller than 40 °, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade 6 is increased to the extent that sufficient cutting heat can be obtained to soften the work material. be able to.
- the end mill body 2 is made of sialon made of ceramic material, the end mill body 2 is excellent in heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength in a high temperature environment, wear resistance, and the like. Therefore, the above-described operational effects of the present embodiment become even more remarkable and are stably achieved.
- sialon is used as the ceramic material of the end mill body 2, but other ceramic materials may be used.
- twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is 30 ° to 40 °, it is not limited to this. That is, according to the present invention, since the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is a negative angle of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °, the above-described remarkable effects can be obtained. For example, it may be smaller than 30 ° or larger than 40 °.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is in the range of 30 ° to 40 °, since the above-described particularly remarkable effects are exhibited. Further, when the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is less than 39 °, the above-described effects can be obtained more stably. More preferably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 is 30 ° to 35 °. In addition, among 30 ° to 35 °, the cutting heat is increased as the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 6 approaches 30 °, and good results are easily obtained. ⁇ Example ⁇
- the radius end mill 1 described in the first embodiment was prepared. That is, in the radius end mill 1 used in the confirmation test A, the end mill body 2 is made of ceramic, and the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) ⁇ of the outer peripheral blade 6 is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °. .
- the end mill body 2 is made of ceramic, and is the same as the embodiment, but there are two types of radius end mills in which the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 6 is outside the scope of the present invention and is set to ⁇ 23 ° and ⁇ 7 ° These were prepared and used as Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in this order.
- Example 2 in which the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 6 is in the range of ⁇ 17.5 ° to ⁇ 12.5 °, the cutting length reaches 35 m or more, and a particularly remarkable effect is obtained. I was able to confirm that I played.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 the cutting length was less than half that of Examples 1 to 3. Specifically, in Comparative Example 1, it is considered that the cutting length was affected because the sharpness of the outer peripheral edge 6 was excessively lowered. Further, in Comparative Example 2, it is considered that the cutting edge strength of the outer peripheral blade 6 and the cutting heat at the time of cutting were not sufficiently obtained and the cutting length was affected.
- the ball end mill 101 has a shaft shape and has an end mill body 102 made of ceramic.
- the end mill body 102 is made of ceramic material sialon (SiAlON).
- the end mill main body 102 has a substantially columnar shape, and a blade portion 103a is formed at least at the front end along the direction of the axis O of the end mill main body 102.
- a portion of the end mill main body 102 other than the blade portion 103a is a shank portion 103b.
- the ball end mill 101 has a cylindrical shank portion 103b in the end mill main body 102 held by a spindle of a machine tool and the like, and is rotated in the tool rotation direction T around the axis O, so that a work material made of a metal material or the like is obtained. Used for cutting (rolling). Further, the ball end mill 101 is fed in a direction crossing the axis O along with the above rotation (given feed), so that, for example, shoulder machining, grooving, R machining on the work material by the blade 103a. , Copying and the like.
- the ball end mill 101 of the present embodiment is particularly suitable for cutting a heat-resistant alloy (hard-to-cut material) such as INCONEL (registered trademark) as a work material.
- coolant is jetted toward the blade portion 103a of the ball end mill 101 and the cutting surface (work portion) of the work material.
- this coolant it is preferable to use dry ice powder.
- a direction that circulates around the axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction.
- a direction in which the end mill body 102 rotates during cutting is referred to as a tool rotation direction T, and a direction that is opposite to this is a tool rotation direction T. The opposite side.
- Chip discharge groove On the outer periphery of the blade portion 103a, a plurality of chip discharge grooves 104 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the chip discharge groove 104 opens at the distal end surface of the end mill main body 102 and extends while twisting toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T gradually from the distal end surface toward the proximal end side.
- the chip discharge groove 104 is rounded up to the outer periphery of the end mill main body 102 at the proximal end of the blade 103a.
- each chip discharge groove 104 has a wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T, and a portion of the wall surface adjacent to the cutting edge is a rake surface. Specifically, of the rake face of the cutting edge, the portions adjacent to the outer peripheral edge 106 and the bottom edge 109, which will be described later, are the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 and the rake face 104b of the lower edge 109, respectively. Has been.
- a gash 107 is formed at the tip of the chip discharge groove 104 so that the tip is notched in a groove shape in the radial direction.
- the gash 107 of the present embodiment is formed in a groove shape having a V-shaped cross section extending along the radial direction at the tip portion of the chip discharge groove 104, and the end portion on the inner side in the radial direction has an axis O Is placed close to.
- four gashes 107 are formed corresponding to the four chip discharge grooves 104. These gashes 107 are formed radially about the axis O.
- the blade portion 103a has a plurality of cutting blades at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the cutting edges has an outer peripheral edge 106 and a bottom edge 109, which are smoothly continuous to form one J-shaped cutting edge.
- the ball end mill 101 of the present embodiment has a blade portion 103a having four blades (four cutting blades).
- the number of cutting edges of the ball end mill 101 (the number of sets of the outer peripheral edge 106 and the bottom edge 109 continuous in a J-shape) is not limited to the four-blade described in the present embodiment. It may be less than the blade, or may be five or more blades. Note that the number of cutting edges corresponds to the number of chip discharge grooves 104.
- An outer peripheral edge 106 is formed on the intersecting ridge line between the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T in the chip discharge groove 104 and the outer peripheral surface of the end mill main body 102.
- the outer peripheral edge 106 extends in a spiral shape (spiral shape) along the outer peripheral edge of the wall surface of the chip discharge groove 104.
- the outer peripheral edge 106 includes the rake face 104a located at the radially outer end of the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 104 and the chip discharge out of the outer peripheral face of the blade part 103a.
- the groove 104 is formed at an intersecting ridge line with the outer peripheral flank 105 adjacent to the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T.
- outer peripheral flank surfaces 105 are formed between the chip discharge grooves 104 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the width of the outer peripheral flank 105 (the length in the direction orthogonal to the outer peripheral blade 106) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the outer peripheral blade 106.
- outer peripheral blades 106 corresponding to the number of the chip discharge grooves 104 (four items) are formed in the blade portion 103a at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the outer peripheral edge 106 is a lead equal to the chip discharge groove 104 and extends while twisting toward the side opposite to the tool rotation direction T gradually from the distal end of the end mill main body 102 toward the proximal end side.
- the diameter of the outer peripheral blade 106 (the distance from the axis O along the radial direction to the outer peripheral blade 106, that is, the radius) is constant along the axis O direction. Accordingly, the rotation locus formed by the rotation of the outer peripheral edge 106 around the axis O is a single cylindrical surface centered on the axis O. The diameter of the outer peripheral flank 105 adjacent to the outer peripheral blade 106 is also constant along the axis O direction.
- the longitudinal cross section (cross section along the axis O) of the cylindrical surface formed by the rotation trajectory of the outer peripheral blade 106 is a straight line parallel to the axis O, and is perpendicular to the workpiece, for example.
- This is a ball end mill in a narrow sense defined by JIS B0172-1993 (No. 4208) used for cutting a straight groove (rib groove) having a wall.
- the radial rake angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 106 is set to a negative angle. .
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is -17.5 ° to -12.5 °.
- the “radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 106” referred to in this specification means a predetermined radial direction passing through the outer peripheral blade 106 among the radial directions orthogonal to the axis O in the cross-sectional view of the end mill main body 102 shown in FIG. 9. Between the imaginary plane (corresponding to a so-called “reference plane”) along D and the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 (the wall surface portion facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 104 adjacent to the outer peripheral edge 106). Of the formed acute and obtuse angles, the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- the radial rake angle being “ ⁇ (minus)”, that is, a negative (negative) angle means that the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 is in the radial direction in the cross sectional view of the end mill body 102 shown in FIG. Is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the opposite side of the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward.
- the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 is arranged on the tool rotation direction T side with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- the radial rake angle is “+ (plus)”, that is, a positive (positive) angle, the rake face 104a of the outer peripheral edge 106 in the cross-sectional view of the end mill body 102, This is the angle ⁇ when extending toward the tool rotation direction T as it goes outward in the radial direction.
- the rake face 104 a of the outer peripheral edge 106 is arranged on the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T with respect to the virtual plane (reference plane) along the predetermined radial direction D.
- At least the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 among the outer peripheral edge 106 and the bottom edge 109 constituting the cutting edge is set to a negative angle
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is It is set as the numerical range mentioned above.
- the radial rake angle of the bottom edge 109 may be set to a negative angle.
- the twist angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 106 is 30 ° to 40 °. It is. Preferably, the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is less than 39 °. More preferably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is 30 ° to 35 °.
- the “twist angle” refers to an axis line O (or a straight line parallel to the axis line O) and an outer peripheral edge 106 (twisted spiral winding) in a side view of the end mill body 102 shown in FIG. Among acute angles and obtuse angles formed between them, the acute angle ⁇ is indicated.
- a bottom blade (tip blade) 109 is formed on the intersecting ridge line between the wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T in the chip discharge groove 104 and the tip surface of the end mill main body 102.
- the bottom blade 109 has a convex arc shape that is convex toward the outer peripheral side of the tip end of the end mill main body 102, smoothly connects to the tip of the outer peripheral blade 106, and extends from the tip toward the axis O.
- the bottom blade 109 includes a rake face 104b located at an end on the tip side of a wall surface facing the tool rotation direction T of the chip discharge groove 104 (gash 107), and a tip face of the blade portion 103a.
- the chip discharge groove 104 is formed at the intersecting ridge line with the tip flank 108 adjacent to the opposite side to the tool rotation direction T.
- a tip flank 108 is formed between the chip discharge grooves 104 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the tip surface of the blade portion 103a.
- the width of the tip flank 108 (the length in the direction perpendicular to the bottom blade 109) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the bottom blade 109. In the illustrated example, the width of the tip flank 108 is smaller than the width of the outer peripheral flank 105.
- the tip flank 108 has a convex curved surface that is convex toward the outer peripheral side of the tip of the end mill main body 102.
- the proximal end portion of the distal end flank 108 is connected to the distal end portion of the outer peripheral flank 105.
- the blade portion 103a is formed with a number (four strips) of bottom blades 109 corresponding to the number of chip discharge grooves 104 (four strips) spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom blade 109 extends along the radial direction.
- An inner end (a radially inner end edge) of the bottom blade 109 is positioned on the axis O.
- the bottom blades 109 adjacent to each other across the axis O are smoothly connected on the axis O. In the illustrated example, all the bottom blades 109 are connected to each other on the axis O.
- the rotation locus formed by the bottom blade 109 rotating around the axis O becomes one hemisphere centered on the axis O.
- the rake angle of the bottom blade 109 is set to a positive angle close to 0 °, or 0 °. That is, the rake face 104b of the bottom blade 109 gradually changes in the tool rotation direction T from the distal end (bottom blade 109) toward the proximal end and from the radial outer end (bottom blade 109) toward the radial inner side. Is inclined toward the opposite side, or is formed to be parallel to the axis O.
- the rake angle of the bottom blade 109 may be set to a negative angle. In this case, the rake face 104b of the bottom blade 109 is gradually inclined toward the tool rotation direction T as it goes from the distal end to the base end side and from the radial outer end toward the radial inner side.
- the end mill main body 102 is formed of ceramic.
- the radial rake angle (the outer peripheral rake angle, the angle ⁇ in FIG. 9) of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to a negative angle.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral edge 106 of the ball end mill 101 with respect to the work material increases, and accordingly, the cutting heat (heat generation due to plastic deformation in the shear region, frictional heat, etc.) also increases.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge 106 of the ball end mill 101 made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the processed portion is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral edge 106. As a result, the outer peripheral edge 106 can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off the work material. Further, since the hardness of the ball end mill 101 is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral edge 106 can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the inventor of the present invention intentionally sets the cutting heat during cutting by setting the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 within the above numerical range. This increases the cutting speed by softening the work material while maintaining the hardness of the ball end mill 101 and cutting the work material to scrape off the work material due to the difference in hardness. I have come to the knowledge that I can do it. Therefore, the cutting mode (processing mode) by the ball end mill 101 of the present embodiment is greatly different from the cutting mode of the conventional general ball end mill.
- the ball end mill 101 of the present embodiment when a heat-resistant alloy such as INCONEL (registered trademark) is cut as a work material, for example, a ball end mill (conventional product) made of a general cemented carbide is used. In comparison, it was confirmed that a machining efficiency of 10 times or more can be realized.
- INCONEL registered trademark
- the peripheral edge 106 of the ball end mill 101 has a radial rake angle in the above numerical range, so that the blade angle is sufficiently secured and the blade edge strength is improved. Therefore, chipping of the blade edge is less likely to occur. Further, since the blade angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is large and the strength of the cutting edge is increased, the cutting (side surface processing) using the outer peripheral edge 106 can be stably performed even with the ball end mill 101 (ball end mill in a narrow sense). Is possible.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the end mill body 102 is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the processing efficiency while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade 106, and Tool life can also be extended.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to -17.5 ° to -12.5 °, the above-described operation and effects according to the present embodiment can be obtained more reliably and stably. .
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to -15 °, the most remarkable effect is obtained.
- the torsion angle (angle ⁇ in FIG. 7) of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to 30 ° to 40 °, the following operational effects are obtained.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade is set to be larger than 40 °. This is because when the twist angle is set to a large positive angle, the outer peripheral edge cuts sharply into the work material, and the sharpness is enhanced.
- the twisting angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is set as small as 30 ° to 40 ° to intentionally increase the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral blade 106 against the work material.
- the cutting surface (working part) of the work material is softened as compared with the outer peripheral edge 106 of the ball end mill 101 made of ceramic and having high heat resistance. That is, the hardness of the processed portion is significantly reduced with respect to the outer peripheral edge 106. As a result, the outer peripheral edge 106 can be cut at a high speed so as to scrape off the work material. Further, since the hardness of the ball end mill 101 is relatively increased as compared with the softened work material, the wear (wear) of the outer peripheral edge 106 can be remarkably suppressed, and the tool life can be extended.
- the outer peripheral edge 106 can ensure a sharpness enough to scrape off the work material softened by the cutting heat. .
- the twist angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is smaller than 40 °, the cutting resistance of the outer peripheral edge 106 is increased to such an extent that sufficient cutting heat can be obtained to soften the work material. be able to.
- the end mill body 102 is made of ceramic material sialon, and therefore has excellent heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, mechanical strength in a high temperature environment, wear resistance, and the like. Therefore, the above-described operational effects of the present embodiment become even more remarkable and are stably achieved.
- the gash 107 is formed in a trapezoidal groove shape extending along the radial direction at the tip of the chip discharge groove 104, The radially inner end reaches the axis O.
- four gashes 107 are formed corresponding to the four chip discharge grooves 104. These gashes 107 communicate with each other at the radially inner end (the radial center of the end face of the end mill body 102, that is, on the axis O).
- the diameter of the outer peripheral edge 106 is gradually increased from the distal end toward the proximal end along the axis O direction. Accordingly, the rotation locus formed by the rotation of the outer peripheral edge 106 around the axis O becomes one tapered surface with the axis O as the center. Further, the diameter of the outer peripheral flank 105 adjacent to the outer peripheral blade 106 is also gradually increased from the distal end toward the proximal end side along the axis O direction.
- the longitudinal section of the tapered surface formed by the rotation locus of the outer peripheral blade 106 has a linear shape that is inclined with respect to the axis O, for example, a tapered groove having an inclined wall on the workpiece.
- This is a tapered ball end mill defined by JIS B0172-1993 (No. 4209) used for cutting (tapered rib groove).
- the radial rake angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 106 is set to a negative angle.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is -17.5 ° to -12.5 °.
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to a negative angle
- the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is the numerical value described above. It is considered as a range.
- the radial rake angle of the bottom edge 109 may be set to a negative angle.
- the twist angle (angle ⁇ ) of the outer peripheral blade 106 is 30 ° to 40 °. .
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is less than 39 °. More preferably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is 30 ° to 35 °.
- the lead length of the outer peripheral blade 106 is adjusted or the twist angle ⁇ is set to be the same. It is necessary to match.
- the twist angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 106 is matched to make equal twist.
- a tip flank 108 is formed between the chip discharge grooves 104 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the tip surface of the blade portion 103a.
- the width of the tip flank 108 (the length in the direction perpendicular to the bottom blade 109) is substantially constant along the extending direction of the bottom blade 109. In the illustrated example, the width of the tip flank 108 is the same as the width of the outer peripheral flank 105.
- the tip flank 108 has a convex curved surface that is convex toward the outer peripheral side of the tip of the end mill main body 102.
- the base end portion of the tip flank 108 is smoothly connected to the tip of the outer flank 105 without any step.
- the blade portion 103a is formed with a number (four strips) of bottom blades 109 corresponding to the number of chip discharge grooves 104 (four strips) spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction.
- the bottom blade 109 extends along the radial direction.
- the inner end (the inner edge in the radial direction) of the bottom blade 109 is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction with respect to the axis O.
- sialon is used as the ceramic material of the end mill body 102, but other ceramic materials may be used.
- twist angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is set to 30 ° to 40 °, it is not limited to this. That is, according to the present invention, since the radial rake angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is a negative angle and ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °, the above-described remarkable effects can be obtained. For example, it may be smaller than 30 ° or larger than 40 °.
- the torsion angle of the outer peripheral edge 106 is in the range of 30 ° to 40 ° because the above-described particularly remarkable effects are exhibited. Further, if the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is less than 39 °, the above-described effects can be obtained more stably. More preferably, the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is 30 ° to 35 °. Note that, even in the range of 30 ° to 35 °, the cutting heat is increased as the twist angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 approaches 30 °, and good results are easily obtained.
- the ball end mill 101 which is a narrowly defined ball end mill
- the ball end mill 111 which is a tapered ball end mill
- the present invention may be applied to a long neck end mill, a taper neck end mill, or the like. That is, the present invention can be applied to a broadly defined ball end mill having various aspects, and can exhibit the above-described significant operational effects.
- the ball end mill 101 described in the second embodiment was prepared. That is, in the ball end mill 101 used in the confirmation test B, the end mill main body 102 is made of ceramic, the diameter of the outer peripheral blade 106 is constant along the axis O direction, and the radial rake angle (outer rake angle of the outer peripheral blade 106 is further increased. ) ⁇ is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the result of the confirmation test B is shown in the graph of FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, in Examples 4 to 6 of the present invention, a sufficient cutting length was secured. Thus, it was confirmed that the cutting process can be stably performed and the tool life can be extended. In particular, in Example 5 in which the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 106 is in the range of ⁇ 17.5 ° to ⁇ 12.5 °, the cutting length exceeds 20 m, and a particularly remarkable effect is exhibited. I was able to confirm.
- Comparative Examples 3 and 4 the cutting length was significantly shorter than in Examples 4 to 6. Specifically, in Comparative Example 3, it is considered that the cutting length was affected because the sharpness of the outer peripheral edge 106 was too low. Further, in Comparative Example 4, it is considered that the cutting edge strength of the outer peripheral edge 106 and the cutting heat at the time of cutting were not sufficiently obtained and the cutting length was affected.
- the ball end mill (tapered ball end mill) 111 described in the third embodiment was prepared. That is, in the ball end mill 111 used in the confirmation test C, the end mill body 102 is made of ceramic, and the diameter of the outer peripheral blade 106 is gradually increased from the distal end toward the proximal end along the axis O direction.
- the radial rake angle (outer rake angle) ⁇ is in the range of ⁇ 20 ° to ⁇ 10 °.
- the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 106 was set to ⁇ 18 °, ⁇ 15 °, and ⁇ 12 ° were prepared, and these were sequentially designated as Examples 7 to 9. Further, the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral blade 106 is the same as the embodiment in that the end mill body 102 is made of ceramic and the diameter of the outer peripheral blade 106 gradually increases from the distal end in the axis O direction toward the proximal end side. Two types of ball end mills (tapered ball end mills) of ⁇ 23 ° and ⁇ 7 °, which are outside the scope of the present invention, were prepared.
- Example 8 in which the radial rake angle ⁇ of the outer peripheral edge 106 is in the range of ⁇ 17.5 ° to ⁇ 12.5 °, the cutting length exceeds 15 m, and a particularly remarkable effect is exhibited. Was confirmed.
- Comparative Examples 5 and 6 the cutting length was significantly shorter than in Examples 7 to 9. Specifically, in Comparative Example 5, it is considered that the cutting length was affected because the sharpness of the outer peripheral edge 106 was too low. Further, in Comparative Example 6, it is considered that the cutting edge strength of the outer peripheral blade 106 and the cutting heat at the time of cutting were not sufficiently obtained and the cutting length was affected.
- the end mill body is formed of ceramic, it is possible to increase the cutting speed and improve the machining efficiency and extend the tool life while sufficiently securing the edge strength and wear resistance of the outer peripheral blade. Can do. Therefore, it has industrial applicability.
- T Tool rotation direction, ⁇ ... Angle (radial rake angle of the outer peripheral blade), ⁇ ... Angle (Torsion angle of outer peripheral blade) 1.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2015年2月27日に日本に出願された特願2015-038218号、及び2015年2月27日に日本に出願された特願2015-038219号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
このラジアスエンドミルは、軸状をなすエンドミル本体を有しており、該エンドミル本体には、切屑排出溝、外周刃、底刃(先端刃)及びコーナ刃が形成されている。
切削加工時においてラジアスエンドミルは、エンドミル本体の軸線回りに沿う周方向のうち、工具回転方向に回転しつつ、軸線に交差する方向に送りを与えられて(送られることで)被削材に切り込んでいく。
また、切屑排出溝において工具回転方向を向く壁面と、エンドミル本体の外周面との交差稜線には、外周刃が形成されている。また、切屑排出溝の前記壁面と、エンドミル本体の先端面との交差稜線には、底刃が形成されている。また、切屑排出溝の前記壁面の先端外周部(コーナ部)には、底刃の外端(径方向外側の端縁)と外周刃の先端とを繋いで凸曲線状をなすコーナ刃が形成されている。
具体的には、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が大きな正の角度に設定されるほど、該外周刃が被削材に鋭く切り込んで、切れ味が高められる。切れ味が高められることにより切削抵抗が低減するため、切削速度を高めて加工効率を向上できる。
これは、特許文献1のラジアスエンドミルがセラミックで構成されているためであり、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角を負の角度とすることによって、刃物角を大きくし、刃先強度を確保している。
一般にボールエンドミルは、超硬合金等により形成されている。特許文献2のボールエンドミルは、軸状をなすエンドミル本体を有しており、該エンドミル本体には、切屑排出溝、外周刃及び底刃(先端刃)が形成されている。
なお、ボールエンドミルには、外周刃の径が軸線方向に沿って一定とされた狭義のボールエンドミルの他、外周刃の径が軸線方向に沿う先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次大きくされたテーパボールエンドミルや、ロングネックエンドミル、テーパネックエンドミル等がある。
具体的には、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が大きな正の角度に設定されるほど、該外周刃が被削材に鋭く切り込んで、切れ味が高められる。切れ味が高められることにより切削抵抗が低減するため、切削速度を高めて加工効率を向上できる。
これは、先に述べたように、特許文献1のラジアスエンドミルがセラミックで構成されているためであり、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角を負の角度とすることによって、刃物角を大きくし、刃先強度を確保している。
また、この種のラジアスエンドミルに対しては、より切削速度を高めて、加工効率を向上することが求められていた。
また、この種のボールエンドミルに対しては、より切削速度を高めて、加工効率を向上することが求められていた。
これにより外周刃は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてラジアスエンドミルの硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
つまり、本発明のラジアスエンドミルによる切削モード(加工形態)は、従来の一般的なラジアスエンドミルの切削モードとは、大きく異なっている。
しかも、本発明のラジアスエンドミルの外周刃は、ラジアルレーキ角が上記数値範囲とされていることにより、刃物角が十分に確保されて、刃先強度が向上している。従って、刃先のチッピング等も生じにくくなっている。
また、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、-10°を超える場合には、ラジアルレーキ角が正角側に近づき過ぎて、所期する切削熱が得られなくなる。つまり、切削熱が十分に高められないので被削材が軟化せず、本発明の上述した作用効果が得られなくなるばかりか、外周刃が早期に摩耗して工具寿命に達するおそれがある。
従って、本発明において外周刃のラジアルレーキ角を、-20°~-10°としている。
一方、本発明においては、外周刃のねじれ角を30°~40°と小さく設定して、被削材に対する外周刃の切削抵抗を意図的に高めている。これにより切削加工時には、被削材に対するラジアスエンドミルの外周刃の切削抵抗が大きくなって、切削熱(せん断領域での塑性変形による発熱や摩擦熱等)も高くなる。
これにより外周刃は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてラジアスエンドミルの硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
また、外周刃のねじれ角が、40°よりも小さくされていることで、被削材を軟化させるのに十分な切削熱を得ることが可能な程度に、外周刃の切削抵抗を高めることができる。
つまり本発明は、種々様々な態様とされた広義のボールエンドミルに採用することにより、後述の顕著な作用効果を奏する。
この場合、上記所定の径方向Dに沿う仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃106のすくい面104aが、工具回転方向Tに配置される。
この場合、上記所定の径方向Dに沿う仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃106のすくい面104aが、工具回転方向Tとは反対側に配置される。
このため、切削加工時には、被削材に対するボールエンドミルの外周刃の切削抵抗が大きくなり、これに応じて、切削熱(せん断領域での塑性変形による発熱や摩擦熱等)も高くなる。
これにより外周刃は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてボールエンドミルの硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
つまり、本発明のボールエンドミルによる切削モード(加工形態)は、従来の一般的なボールエンドミルの切削モードとは、大きく異なっている。
しかも、本発明のボールエンドミルの外周刃は、ラジアルレーキ角が上記数値範囲とされていることにより、刃物角が十分に確保されて、刃先強度が向上している。従って、刃先のチッピング等も生じにくくなっている。また、外周刃の刃物角が大きく、刃先強度が高められているため、ボールエンドミルでありながらも、外周刃を用いた切削加工(側面加工)を安定して行うことが可能である。
また、外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、-10°を超える場合には、ラジアルレーキ角が正角側に近づき過ぎて、所期する切削熱が得られなくなる。つまり、切削熱が十分に高められないので被削材が軟化せず、本発明の上述した作用効果が得られなくなるばかりか、外周刃が早期に摩耗して工具寿命に達するおそれがある。
従って、本発明において外周刃のラジアルレーキ角を、-20°~-10°としている。
これにより外周刃は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてボールエンドミルの硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
また、外周刃のねじれ角が、40°よりも小さくされていることで、被削材を軟化させるのに十分な切削熱を得ることが可能な程度に、外周刃の切削抵抗を高めることができる。
以下、本発明に係るエンドミルの第1実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
第1実施形態では、エンドミルとして、ラジアスエンドミルを例に挙げて説明する。
図1~図3に示されるように、本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1は、軸状をなし、セラミックからなるエンドミル本体2を有している。具体的に、エンドミル本体2は、セラミック材料のサイアロン(SiAlON)からなる。
エンドミル本体2は概略円柱状をなしており、該エンドミル本体2の軸線O方向に沿う少なくとも先端部に刃部3aが形成されている。エンドミル本体2のうち刃部3a以外の部位が、シャンク部3bとされている。
またラジアスエンドミル1は、上記回転とともに、軸線Oに交差する方向に送られることで(送りを与えられて)、刃部3aにより被削材に対して例えば肩削り加工、溝加工、R削り加工、倣い加工等を行う。
なお、本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1は、被削材として例えばINCONEL(登録商標)等の耐熱合金(難削材)の切削加工に、特に適している。
本明細書においては、エンドミル本体2の軸線O方向のうち、シャンク部3bから刃部3aへ向かう方向を先端側、刃部3aからシャンク部3bへ向かう方向を基端側という。
また、軸線Oに直交する方向を径方向といい、径方向のうち、軸線Oに接近する向きを径方向の内側といい、軸線Oから離間する向きを径方向の外側という。
また、軸線O回りに周回する方向を周方向といい、周方向のうち、切削加工時にエンドミル本体2が回転する方向を工具回転方向Tといい、これとは反対へ向かう方向を工具回転方向Tとは反対側という。
刃部3aの外周には、複数条の切屑排出溝4が周方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。
切屑排出溝4は、エンドミル本体2の先端面に開口しており、該先端面から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次工具回転方向Tとは反対側へ向けてねじれながら延びている。切屑排出溝4は、刃部3aの基端側の端部において、エンドミル本体2の外周に切り上がっている。
各切屑排出溝4は、工具回転方向Tを向く壁面を有しており、この壁面のうち、切れ刃に隣接する部分がすくい面とされている。具体的には、切れ刃のすくい面のうち、該切れ刃の後述する外周刃6、底刃9、及びコーナ刃10に隣接する部分がそれぞれ、外周刃6のすくい面4a、底刃9のすくい面4b、及びコーナ刃10のすくい面4cとされている。
本実施形態では、4条の切屑排出溝4に対応して4条のギャッシュ7が形成されている。これらのギャッシュ7同士は、径方向内側の端部(エンドミル本体2の先端面における径方向の中央、つまり軸線O上)で互いに連通している。
刃部3aは、周方向に間隔をあけて複数の切れ刃を有している。切れ刃はそれぞれ、外周刃6、コーナ刃10及び底刃9を有しており、これらが滑らかに連続することで、L字状をなす1つの切れ刃を形成している。
本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1は、4枚刃(4つの切れ刃)の刃部3aを有している。ただし、ラジアスエンドミル1の切れ刃の数(L字状に連続する外周刃6、コーナ刃10及び底刃9の組数)は、本実施形態で説明する4枚刃に限定されるものではなく、例えば3枚刃以下であってもよく、又は5枚刃以上であってもよい。なお、切れ刃の数は、切屑排出溝4の数に対応している。
切屑排出溝4における工具回転方向Tを向く壁面と、エンドミル本体2の外周面との交差稜線には、外周刃6が形成されている。外周刃6は、切屑排出溝4の前記壁面の外周端縁に沿って、つる巻き線状(螺旋状)に延びている。
刃部3aの外周面には、周方向に隣り合う切屑排出溝4同士の間に、外周逃げ面5がそれぞれ形成されている。外周逃げ面5の幅(外周刃6に直交する向きの長さ)は、外周刃6の延在方向に沿って略一定とされている。
外周刃6が軸線O回りに回転することで形成される回転軌跡は、軸線Oを中心とする1つの円筒面となる。
具体的に、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°である。好ましくは、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角は、-17.5°~-12.5°である。
この場合、上記所定の径方向Dに沿って形成される仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃6のすくい面4aは、工具回転方向T側に配置される。
従ってこの場合には、上記所定の径方向Dに沿って形成される仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃6のすくい面4aは、工具回転方向Tとは反対側に配置される。
なお、外周刃6以外に、底刃9及びコーナ刃10のいずれか1つ以上のラジアルレーキ角が、負の角度に設定されていてもよい。
図1~図3に示されるように、切屑排出溝4における工具回転方向Tを向く壁面と、エンドミル本体2の先端面との交差稜線には、底刃(先端刃)9が形成されている。底刃9は、切屑排出溝4の前記壁面の先端縁に沿って、直線状に延びている。
刃部3aの先端面には、周方向に隣り合う切屑排出溝4同士の間に、先端逃げ面8がそれぞれ形成されている。先端逃げ面8の幅(底刃9に直交する向きの長さ)は、底刃9の延在方向に沿って略一定とされている。
本実施形態では、図3に示されるエンドミル本体2の正面視において(エンドミル本体2の先端面を軸線O方向から正面に見て)、底刃9は、径方向に沿うように延びており、該底刃9の内端(径方向内側の端縁)は、軸線O上よりも径方向外側に配置されている。
なお、底刃9は、軸線Oに垂直な平面に含まれるように延びていてもよく、この場合、底刃9の前記回転軌跡は、軸線Oに垂直な平面となる。
なお、底刃9のすくい角は、正の角度に設定されていてもよい。この場合、底刃9のすくい面4bは、先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次工具回転方向Tとは反対側へ向けて傾斜する。
図1~図3に示されるように、切屑排出溝4における工具回転方向Tを向く壁面のうち、エンドミル本体2の先端外周部に位置する部分(コーナ部)には、コーナ刃10が形成されている。コーナ刃10は、底刃9の外端と外周刃6の先端とを滑らかに繋いでおり、エンドミル本体2の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲線状をなしている。
コーナ逃げ面11は、先端逃げ面8の径方向外側の端部と外周逃げ面5の先端部とを滑らかに繋いでおり、エンドミル本体2の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲面状をなしている。
本実施形態では、図3に示されるエンドミル本体2の正面視において、コーナ刃10は、工具回転方向Tかつ径方向外側へ向けて凸となる凸曲線状をなしている。また、図2に示されるエンドミル本体2の側面視において、コーナ刃10(軸線Oに接近配置されたコーナ刃10を参照)は、工具回転方向Tかつ基端側へ向けて凸となる凸曲線状をなしている。
なお、コーナ刃10のすくい角は、負の角度に設定されていてもよい。この場合、コーナ刃10のすくい面4cは、先端外周縁から径方向内側かつ基端側へ向かうに従い漸次工具回転方向Tへ向けて傾斜する。また、コーナ刃10のすくい角は、0°に設定されていてもよい。
以上説明した本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1によれば、エンドミル本体2がセラミックにより形成されている。そして、外周刃6、底刃9及びコーナ刃10のうち、少なくとも外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角(外周すくい角、図4における角度α)が負の角度に設定されている。具体的には、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角が、-20°~-10°とされている。
これにより外周刃6は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてラジアスエンドミル1の硬度が相対的に高くなるため、外周刃6の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
つまり、本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1による切削モード(加工形態)は、従来の一般的なラジアスエンドミルの切削モードとは、大きく異なっている。
しかも、本実施形態のラジアスエンドミル1の外周刃6は、ラジアルレーキ角が上記数値範囲とされていることにより、刃物角が十分に確保されて、刃先強度が向上している。従って、刃先のチッピング等も生じにくくなっている。
また、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角が、-10°を超える場合には、ラジアルレーキ角が正角側に近づき過ぎて、所期する切削熱が得られなくなる。つまり、切削熱が十分に高められないので被削材が軟化せず、本実施形態の上述した作用効果が得られなくなるばかりか、外周刃6が早期に摩耗して工具寿命に達するおそれがある。
従って、本実施形態において外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角を、-20°~-10°としている。
さらに、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角を-15°に設定した場合には、最も顕著な効果を奏することができる。
これにより外周刃6は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてラジアスエンドミル1の硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃6の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
また、外周刃6のねじれ角が、40°よりも小さくされていることで、被削材を軟化させるのに十分な切削熱を得ることが可能な程度に、外周刃6の切削抵抗を高めることができる。
例えば、第1実施形態では、エンドミル本体2のセラミック材料として、サイアロンを用いたが、それ以外のセラミック材料であってもよい。
なお、30°~35°の中でも、外周刃6のねじれ角が30°に近づくほど切削熱が高められて、良好な結果が得られやすい。
〔実施例〕
本発明の実施例として、第1実施形態で説明したラジアスエンドミル1を用意した。
すなわち、確認試験Aで用いたラジアスエンドミル1は、エンドミル本体2がセラミックからなり、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角(外周すくい角)αが、-20°~-10°の範囲内とされている。
また、エンドミル本体2がセラミックからなる点で実施例と共通するが、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角αが本発明の範囲外である、-23°、-7°とされたラジアスエンドミルを2種類用意し、これらを順に比較例1、2とした。
・ラジアスエンドミルの刃数、サイズ:4枚刃、φ10mm×R1.25mm
・被削材:INCONEL(登録商標)718
・回転数:20000min-1
・切削速度:628m/min
・送り速度:2000mm/min
・一刃あたりの送り:0.025mm/tooth
・クーラント:ドライ
・切削方式:ダウンカット
・突出長さ:23mm
・切込量ae:3.0mm
・切込量ap:7.5mm
図5に示されるように、本発明の実施例1~3においては、切削長を十分に確保できた。これにより、切削加工を安定して行うことができ、工具寿命を延長できることを、確認できた。
特に、外周刃6のラジアルレーキ角αが-17.5°~-12.5°の範囲内である実施例2においては、切削長が35m以上にまで達しており、より格別顕著な効果を奏することを、確認できた。
具体的に、比較例1では、外周刃6の切れ味が低下し過ぎたために、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。また比較例2では、外周刃6の刃先強度及び切削時の切削熱が十分に得られずに、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。
次に、本発明に係るエンドミルの第2実施形態について、図6~図9を参照して説明する。
なお、第2実施形態では、エンドミルとしてボールエンドミルを例に挙げて説明する。
図6~図8に示されるように、本実施形態のボールエンドミル101は、軸状をなし、セラミックからなるエンドミル本体102を有している。具体的に、エンドミル本体102は、セラミック材料のサイアロン(SiAlON)からなる。
エンドミル本体102は概略円柱状をなしており、該エンドミル本体102の軸線O方向に沿う少なくとも先端部に刃部103aが形成されている。エンドミル本体102のうち刃部103a以外の部位が、シャンク部103bとされている。
またボールエンドミル101は、上記回転とともに、軸線Oに交差する方向に送られることで(送りを与えられて)、刃部103aにより被削材に対して例えば肩削り加工、溝加工、R削り加工、倣い加工等を行う。
なお、本実施形態のボールエンドミル101は、被削材として例えばINCONEL(登録商標)等の耐熱合金(難削材)の切削加工に、特に適している。
本明細書においては、エンドミル本体102の軸線O方向のうち、シャンク部103bから刃部103aへ向かう方向を先端側、刃部103aからシャンク部103bへ向かう方向を基端側という。
また、軸線Oに直交する方向を径方向といい、径方向のうち、軸線Oに接近する向きを径方向の内側といい、軸線Oから離間する向きを径方向の外側という。
また、軸線O回りに周回する方向を周方向といい、周方向のうち、切削加工時にエンドミル本体102が回転する方向を工具回転方向Tといい、これとは反対へ向かう方向を工具回転方向Tとは反対側という。
刃部103aの外周には、複数条の切屑排出溝104が周方向に間隔をあけて形成されている。
切屑排出溝104は、エンドミル本体102の先端面に開口しており、該先端面から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次工具回転方向Tとは反対側へ向けてねじれながら延びている。切屑排出溝104は、刃部103aの基端側の端部において、エンドミル本体102の外周に切り上がっている。
各切屑排出溝104は、工具回転方向Tを向く壁面を有しており、この壁面のうち、切れ刃に隣接する部分がすくい面とされている。具体的には、切れ刃のすくい面のうち、該切れ刃の後述する外周刃106及び底刃109に隣接する部分がそれぞれ、外周刃106のすくい面104a、及び底刃109のすくい面104bとされている。
本実施形態では、4条の切屑排出溝104に対応して4条のギャッシュ107が形成されている。これらのギャッシュ107は、軸線Oを中心として放射状に形成されている。
刃部103aは、周方向に間隔をあけて複数の切れ刃を有している。切れ刃はそれぞれ、外周刃106及び底刃109を有しており、これらが滑らかに連続することで、J字状をなす1つの切れ刃を形成している。
本実施形態のボールエンドミル101は、4枚刃(4つの切れ刃)の刃部103aを有している。
切屑排出溝104における工具回転方向Tを向く壁面と、エンドミル本体102の外周面との交差稜線には、外周刃106が形成されている。外周刃106は、切屑排出溝104の前記壁面の外周端縁に沿って、つる巻き線状(螺旋状)に延びている。
刃部103aの外周面には、周方向に隣り合う切屑排出溝104同士の間に、外周逃げ面105がそれぞれ形成されている。外周逃げ面105の幅(外周刃106に直交する向きの長さ)は、外周刃106の延在方向に沿って略一定とされている。
具体的に、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°である。好ましくは、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角は、-17.5°~-12.5°である。
この場合、上記所定の径方向Dに沿う仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃106のすくい面104aが、工具回転方向T側に配置される。
この場合、上記所定の径方向Dに沿う仮想面(基準面)に対して、外周刃106のすくい面104aが、工具回転方向Tとは反対側に配置される。
なお、外周刃106以外に、底刃109のラジアルレーキ角が、負の角度に設定されていてもよい。
好ましくは、外周刃106のねじれ角は、39°未満である。より望ましくは、外周刃106のねじれ角は、30°~35°である。
図6~図8に示されるように、切屑排出溝104における工具回転方向Tを向く壁面と、エンドミル本体102の先端面との交差稜線には、底刃(先端刃)109が形成されている。
底刃109は、エンドミル本体102の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸円弧状をなすとともに、外周刃106の先端に滑らかに連なり、該先端から軸線O上に向かって延びている。
先端逃げ面108は、エンドミル本体102の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲面状をなしている。先端逃げ面108の基端部は、外周逃げ面105の先端部に接続されている。
本実施形態では、図8に示されるエンドミル本体102の正面視において(エンドミル本体102の先端面を軸線O方向から正面に見て)、底刃109は、径方向に沿うように延びており、該底刃109の内端(径方向内側の端縁)は、軸線O上に位置している。
また、軸線Oを挟んで隣り合う底刃109同士は、軸線O上において滑らかに接続されている。図示の例では、すべての底刃109が、軸線O上において互いに接続されている。
なお、底刃109のすくい角は、負の角度に設定されていてもよい。この場合、底刃109のすくい面104bは、先端から基端側へ向かうに従い、及び、径方向外端から径方向内側へ向かうに従い、漸次工具回転方向Tへ向けて傾斜する。
以上説明した本実施形態のボールエンドミル101によれば、エンドミル本体102がセラミックにより形成されている。そして、外周刃106及び底刃109のうち、少なくとも外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角(外周すくい角、図9における角度α)が負の角度に設定されている。具体的には、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角が、-20°~-10°とされている。
これにより外周刃106は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてボールエンドミル101の硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃106の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
従って、本実施形態のボールエンドミル101による切削モード(加工形態)は、従来の一般的なボールエンドミルの切削モードとは、大きく異なっている。
また、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角が、-10°を超える場合には、ラジアルレーキ角が正角側に近づき過ぎて、所期する切削熱が得られなくなる。つまり、切削熱が十分に高められないので被削材が軟化せず、本実施形態の上述した作用効果が得られなくなるばかりか、外周刃106が早期に摩耗して工具寿命に達するおそれがある。
このようなことにより、本実施形態において外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角を、-20°~-10°としている。
なお、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角を-15°に設定した場合には、最も顕著な効果を奏する。
一方、本実施形態の上記構成においては、外周刃106のねじれ角を30°~40°と小さく設定して、被削材に対する外周刃106の切削抵抗を意図的に高めている。これにより切削加工時には、被削材に対するボールエンドミル101の外周刃106の切削抵抗が大きくなって、切削熱(せん断領域での塑性変形による発熱や摩擦熱等)も高くなる。
これにより外周刃106は、被削材を削り取る(掻き取る)ように、高速で切削することが可能になる。また、軟化した被削材に比べてボールエンドミル101の硬度が相対的に高められるため、外周刃106の摩耗(摩滅)を顕著に抑制でき、工具寿命を延長することができる。
また、外周刃106のねじれ角が、40°よりも小さくされていることで、被削材を軟化させるのに十分な切削熱を得ることが可能な程度に、外周刃106の切削抵抗を高めることができる。
次に、本発明に係るエンドミルの第3実施形態について、図11~図14を参照して説明する。
なお、第3実施形態では、エンドミルとして、ボールエンドミルの1つでもあるテーパボールエンドミルを例に挙げて説明する。この第3実施形態では、第2実施形態と同じ構成要素については詳細な説明を省略し、主として異なる点についてのみ、下記に説明する。
図11~図13に示されるように、本実施形態のボールエンドミル111では、ギャッシュ107が、切屑排出溝104の先端部において径方向に沿うように延びる断面台形の溝状に形成されており、その径方向内側の端部は、軸線Oに達している。
本実施形態では、4条の切屑排出溝104に対応して4条のギャッシュ107が形成されている。これらのギャッシュ107同士は、径方向内側の端部(エンドミル本体102の先端面における径方向の中央、つまり軸線O上)で互いに連通している。
具体的に、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°である。好ましくは、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角は、-17.5°~-12.5°である。
なお、外周刃106以外に、底刃109のラジアルレーキ角が、負の角度に設定されていてもよい。
先端逃げ面108は、エンドミル本体102の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲面状をなしている。先端逃げ面108の基端部は、外周逃げ面105の先端部に段差なく滑らかに接続している。
本実施形態では、図13に示されるエンドミル本体102の正面視において(エンドミル本体102の先端面を軸線O方向から正面に見て)、底刃109は、径方向に沿うように延びており、該底刃109の内端(径方向内側の端縁)は、軸線O上よりも径方向外側に配置されている。
以上説明した本実施形態のボールエンドミル111によれば、前述した第2実施形態と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。
また、本実施形態のボールエンドミル111はテーパボールエンドミルであり、外周刃106を用いた切削加工に供されやすいことから、前述した外周刃106による切削効率向上の作用効果が、より格別顕著なものとなりやすい。
例えば、第2実施形態及び第3実施形態では、エンドミル本体102のセラミック材料として、サイアロンを用いたが、それ以外のセラミック材料であってもよい。
つまり本発明は、種々様々な態様とされた広義のボールエンドミルに採用することができ、上述した顕著な作用効果を奏することができる。
〔実施例〕
本発明の実施例として、第2実施形態で説明したボールエンドミル101を用意した。すなわち確認試験Bで用いたボールエンドミル101は、エンドミル本体102がセラミックからなり、外周刃106の径が軸線O方向に沿って一定とされており、さらに外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角(外周すくい角)αが、-20°~-10°の範囲内とされている。
また、エンドミル本体102がセラミックからなる点、及び外周刃106の径が軸線O方向に一定である点において実施例と共通するが、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角αが本発明の範囲外である、-23°、-7°とされたボールエンドミルを2種類用意し、これらを順に比較例3、4とした。
つまり、ボールエンドミルの刃長全域(底刃109及び外周刃106を含む刃部103aの略全体)を使用して、被削材に連続的に切り込む切削加工を実際に行った。
・ボールエンドミルの刃数、サイズ:4枚刃、先端R5.0mm、刃長1D、ねじれ角30°
・被削材:INCONEL(登録商標)718
・回転数:24000min-1
・切削速度:754m/min
・送り速度:2880mm/min
・一刃あたりの送り:0.03mm/tooth
・クーラント:ドライ
・切削方式:ダウンカット
・突出長さ:20mm
・切込量ae:1.5mm
・切込量ap:9.0mm
図10に示されるように、本発明の実施例4~6においては、切削長を十分に確保できた。これにより、切削加工を安定して行うことができると共に、工具寿命を延長できることを、確認できた。
特に、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角αが-17.5°~-12.5°の範囲内である実施例5においては、切削長が20mを超えており、より格別顕著な効果を奏することを、確認できた。
具体的に、比較例3では、外周刃106の切れ味が低下し過ぎたために、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。また比較例4では、外周刃106の刃先強度及び切削時の切削熱が十分に得られずに、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。
次に、本発明の実施例として、第3実施形態で説明したボールエンドミル(テーパボールエンドミル)111を用意した。
すなわち確認試験Cで用いたボールエンドミル111は、エンドミル本体102がセラミックからなり、外周刃106の径が軸線O方向に沿って先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次大きくされており、さらに外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角(外周すくい角)αが、-20°~-10°の範囲内とされている。
また、エンドミル本体102がセラミックからなる点、及び外周刃106の径が軸線O方向の先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次大きくなる点において実施例と共通するが、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角αが本発明の範囲外である、-23°、-7°とされたボールエンドミル(テーパボールエンドミル)を2種類用意し、これらを順に比較例5、6とした。
つまり、ボールエンドミルの刃長全域(底刃109及び外周刃106を含む刃部103aの略全体)を使用して、被削材に連続的に切り込む切削加工を実際に行った。
・ボールエンドミル(テーパボールエンドミル)の刃数、サイズ:4枚刃、先端R4.0mm、刃長15.0mm、ねじれ角30°、テーパ角3°
・被削材:INCONEL(登録商標)718
・回転数:24000min-1
・切削速度:603m/min
・送り速度:2880mm/min
・一刃あたりの送り:0.03mm/tooth
・クーラント:ドライ
・切削方式:ダウンカット
・突出長さ:18mm
・切込量ae:1.0mm
・切込量ap:15.0mm
図15に示されるように、本発明の実施例7~9においては、切削長を十分に確保できた。これにより、切削加工を安定して行えると共に、工具寿命を延長できることを確認できた。
特に、外周刃106のラジアルレーキ角αが-17.5°~-12.5°の範囲内である実施例8においては、切削長が15mを超えており、より格別顕著な効果を奏することが確認された。
具体的に、比較例5では、外周刃106の切れ味が低下し過ぎたために、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。また比較例6では、外周刃106の刃先強度及び切削時の切削熱が十分に得られずに、切削長に影響したものと考えられる。
その他、本発明の趣旨から逸脱しない範囲において、前述の実施形態、変形例及びなお書き等で説明した各構成(構成要素)を組み合わせてもよく、また、構成の付加、省略、置換、その他の変更が可能である。また本発明は、前述した実施形態によって限定されることはなく、特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定される。
T…工具回転方向、
α…角度(外周刃のラジアルレーキ角)、
β…角度(外周刃のねじれ角)
1…ラジアスエンドミル(エンドミル)、
2…エンドミル本体、
4…切屑排出溝、
6…外周刃、
9…底刃(先端刃)、
10…コーナ刃、
101…ボールエンドミル(エンドミル)、
102…エンドミル本体、
104…切屑排出溝、
106…外周刃、
109…底刃(先端刃)、
111…ボールエンドミル(テーパボールエンドミル、エンドミル)
Claims (9)
- 軸状をなし、セラミックからなるエンドミル本体と、
前記エンドミル本体の外周に形成され、該エンドミル本体の軸線方向に沿う先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次前記軸線回りの周方向のうち工具回転方向とは反対側へ向けて延びる切屑排出溝と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記工具回転方向を向く壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の外周面との交差稜線に形成された外周刃と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の先端面との交差稜線に形成された底刃と、
前記エンドミル本体の先端外周部に位置するとともに、前記底刃の外端と前記外周刃の先端とを繋ぎ、前記エンドミル本体の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲線状をなすコーナ刃と、を備え、
前記外周刃、前記底刃及び前記コーナ刃のうち、少なくとも前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、負の角度に設定されており、
前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°である、ラジアスエンドミル。 - 請求項1に記載のラジアスエンドミルであって、
前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、-17.5°~-12.5°である、ラジアスエンドミル。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のラジアスエンドミルであって、
前記外周刃のねじれ角が、30°~40°である、ラジアスエンドミル。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のラジアスエンドミルであって、
前記エンドミル本体は、サイアロンからなる、ラジアスエンドミル。 - 軸状をなし、セラミックからなるエンドミル本体と、
前記エンドミル本体の外周に形成され、該エンドミル本体の軸線方向に沿う先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次前記軸線回りの周方向のうち工具回転方向とは反対側へ向けて延びる切屑排出溝と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記工具回転方向を向く壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の外周面との交差稜線に形成された外周刃と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の先端面との交差稜線に形成され、該エンドミル本体の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸円弧状をなすとともに、前記外周刃の先端に滑らかに連なり、該先端から前記軸線上に向かって延びる底刃と、を備え、
前記外周刃及び前記底刃のうち、少なくとも前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、負の角度に設定されており、
前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°である、ボールエンドミル。 - 請求項5に記載のボールエンドミルであって、
前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角が、-17.5°~-12.5°である、ボールエンドミル。 - 請求項5又は6に記載のボールエンドミルであって、
前記外周刃のねじれ角が、30°~40°である、ボールエンドミル。 - 請求項5~7のいずれか一項に記載のボールエンドミルであって、
前記エンドミル本体は、サイアロンからなる、ボールエンドミル。 - 軸状をなし、セラミックからなるエンドミル本体と、
前記エンドミル本体の外周に形成され、該エンドミル本体の軸線方向に沿う先端から基端側へ向かうに従い漸次前記軸線回りの周方向のうち工具回転方向とは反対側へ向けて延びる切屑排出溝と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記工具回転方向を向く壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の外周面との交差稜線に形成された外周刃と、
前記切屑排出溝における前記壁面と、前記エンドミル本体の先端面との交差稜線に形成された底刃と、を備え、
前記底刃は、
前記底刃の外端が、前記エンドミル本体の先端外周部に位置し、且つ前記エンドミル本体の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸曲線状をなすコーナ刃を介して前記外周刃の先端に繋がるように形成、
または、
前記エンドミル本体の先端外周側へ向けて凸となる凸円弧状をなすとともに、前記外周刃の先端に滑らかに連なり、該先端から前記軸線上に向かって延びるように形成され、
前記外周刃のラジアルレーキ角は、-20°~-10°の負の角度に設定されている、エンドミル。
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| KR1020177018314A KR20170120094A (ko) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-02-24 | 래디어스 엔드 밀, 볼 엔드 밀, 및 엔드 밀 |
| US15/536,868 US20170341162A1 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-02-24 | Radius end mill, ball end mill, and end mill |
| CN201680003876.9A CN107000080A (zh) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-02-24 | 圆弧头立铣刀、球头立铣刀及立铣刀 |
| EP16755564.8A EP3263255A4 (en) | 2015-02-27 | 2016-02-24 | Radius end mill, ball end mill, and end mill |
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| JP2015-038219 | 2015-02-27 | ||
| JP2015038219A JP2016159380A (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2015-02-27 | ボールエンドミル |
| JP2015038218A JP6477015B2 (ja) | 2015-02-27 | 2015-02-27 | ラジアスエンドミル |
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| EP (1) | EP3263255A4 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR20170120094A (ja) |
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| WO2025100186A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-08 | 2025-05-15 | 京セラ株式会社 | ボールエンドミルおよび切削加工物の製造方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20170341162A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
| CN107000080A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
| EP3263255A4 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
| KR20170120094A (ko) | 2017-10-30 |
| EP3263255A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
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