WO2016106679A1 - Numerical control machine, and method for rapid tool changing of numerical control machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a numerical control machine, and a method for rapid tool-changing of the numerical control machine. The numerical control machine comprises a spindle box slide plate (20), a spindle box (30) slidably mounted on the spindle box slide plate (20), and a spindle (40) fixed on the spindle box (30), one end of the spindle (40) being equipped with a first cutting tool (401); a tool magazine (50) is fixed on the slide plate (20) of the spindle box (30); when changing tools, a second cutting tool (402) extends from the tool magazine (50) in the z-axis direction; a tool-changing mechanism (60) is mounted on the tool magazine (50) and comprises a tool change arm (61), a first rotation mechanism rotating about the z-axis, and a first translational motion mechanism (63) which moves along the z-axis; the two ends of the tool change arm (61) are provided with a first gripping part (6110) and a second gripping part (6111), used for gripping a cutting tool. The numerical control machine has improved tool-changing efficiency.

Description

Quick tool change method for CNC machine tools and CNC machine tools

[Technical Field]

The invention relates to the field of processing machine tools, in particular to a rapid tool changing method for a numerical control machine tool and a numerical control machine tool.

【Background technique】

CNC machine tools are commonly used machines for current product processing. The engraving and milling machine in CNC machine tools is a CNC milling machine that uses small tools, high power and high speed spindle motors. The engraving and milling machine can be engraved or milled. It is an efficient and high-precision CNC machine tool. CNC machine tools have a wide range of applications, and are widely used to complete the rough machining of precision molds and molds, the processing of mold copper electrodes, the batch processing of aluminum products, the manufacture of shoe molds, the processing of fixtures, and the watch and watch industry. CNC machine tools are increasingly occupying an important position in the machine tool processing industry due to their high cost performance, fast processing speed and good smoothness of processed products.

In recent years, with the wide application of CNC machine tools in the parts processing industry, the requirements for the tool change speed of CNC machine tools are getting higher and higher, and the market demand for CNC machine tools with tool magazines is increasing. Among them, the in-line knife The library is most popular for its low cost, simplicity and speed. The tool magazine of the CNC machine is placed under the gantry. Figure 1 to Figure 8 show the tool change process of the CNC machine. The tool change process is as follows: (1) The spindle 001 moves vertically up to the tool change position; (2) The tool magazine 002 moves horizontally to the same axis as the spindle 001. The position of the straight line; (3) the spindle 001 is then moved horizontally above a vacancy in the magazine 002; (4) the spindle 001 moves vertically downwards, and the tool 003 on the spindle 001 is placed in the vacancy; 5) Then the spindle 001 is moved vertically upwards to the tool change position; (6) the spindle 001 moves horizontally to the position corresponding to the position of the tool 003 required on the magazine 002; (7) the spindle 001 moves vertically downward to grasp Tool 003; (8) Spindle 001 moves vertically again. At this point, the tool change process is completed. The spindle 001 can continue to execute the machining program.

During the entire tool change process, the spindle 001 is repeatedly moved in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, resulting in inefficiency of the entire tool change process.

[Summary of the Invention]

The technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide a rapid tool change method for a numerical control machine tool and a numerical control machine tool, which can improve the tool change efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a numerical control machine tool including: a spindle box slide, a spindle box, a spindle, a tool magazine and a tool change mechanism. The headstock is mounted on the headstock slide and is slidable in the Z-axis direction relative to the headstock slide. One end of the spindle is fixed to the headstock and the other end is fitted with a detachable first tool. The tool magazine is fixed on the headstock slide plate, and a plurality of second tools protruding in the X-axis direction are installed in the tool magazine, and the second tool located at the tool change position can be rotated toward the X-axis direction after the knife-cutting Extends in the Z-axis direction. a tool change mechanism mounted on the tool magazine, comprising a tool change arm, a first rotation mechanism and a first translation mechanism, the tool change arm being in a "⊥" shape, including a rotation axis extending in the Z-axis direction and perpendicular to the a rotating arm of the rotating shaft, the two ends of the rotating arm are respectively provided with a first clamping portion and a second clamping portion; the first rotating mechanism can drive the rotating shaft to rotate about the Z axis, so that the first clamping And the second clamping portion respectively reach a position of the first tool and the second tool and clamp the first tool and the second tool, or cause the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion The holding portions are respectively away from the positions of the first tool and the second tool and loosen the clamping of the first tool and the second tool; the first translation mechanism can drive the rotating shaft to move up and down along the Z axis, The first tool and the second tool are pulled out of the spindle and the magazine, or the first tool and the second tool are inserted into the spindle and the magazine.

The utility model further comprises a base, a gantry and a workbench, wherein the gantry has a "∏" shape, and comprises a column fixed at two ends of the base and a beam spanning the column, the length direction of the beam is along the X axis Positioning, the column is integrally molded with the beam; the spindle box slide is mounted on the beam; the table is located between the columns and mounted on the base, the table can be along Move in the Y-axis direction.

Wherein the beam is provided with a first X-axis guide rail located in the XZ plane and a second X-axis guide rail located on the XY plane, the spindle box slide plate has a "Γ" shape in cross section, and is parallel to the XY plane. a slide plate and a side slide plate parallel to the XZ plane, the inner side of the side slide plate is provided with a first slider embedded in the first X-axis guide rail, and the inner side of the upper slide plate is provided with a first surface embedded in the second X-axis guide rail Two sliders.

Wherein, the outer peripheral surface of the first cutter and the second cutter are provided with a card slot extending in the circumferential direction, and the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion are respectively engaged with the first cutter and the second cutter Open snap ring in the tool slot.

Wherein, the tool magazine comprises a cutter head, a cutter wheel rotation mechanism, a knife sleeve, a cutter mechanism and a magazine holder. The cutter head is disposed on the tool holder, and a knife change port is disposed at a circumferential portion thereof. The cutter rotation mechanism is disposed on the magazine holder for rotating a second tool that needs to be replaced to the knife change port. The knife sleeve is rotatably coupled to the cutter head for clamping the second cutter. The knife mechanism is mounted on the magazine holder. In the tool change state, the knife mechanism applies a radial thrust to the sleeve so that the sleeve rotates along the X axis to the Z axis. The direction is extended; after the tool change is completed, the knife mechanism applies a radial pulling force to the knife sleeve such that the knife sleeve extends from the Z-axis direction to extend in the X-axis direction.

Wherein the magazine holder has a cross section of "[" shape, including a bottom plate parallel to the YZ plane and two side plates parallel to the XZ plane; the cutter head is mounted on the bottom plate, and the cutter mechanism The cutter wheel rotating mechanism and the tool change mechanism are both mounted on the side plate.

Wherein, the tool magazine further comprises an intermediate bracket fixed to the side of the headstock slide by an intermediate bracket.

Wherein, in the tool changing state, the plane of the tool change arm is perpendicular to the plane of the cutter head.

Wherein, in the non-tool changing state, the plane of the tool change arm is parallel to the plane of the cutter head.

Wherein, the first translation mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder or cylinder is connected to a rotating shaft of the tool change arm, thereby driving the tool change arm to move along the Z axis.

The first rotating mechanism is a first servo motor, and the first servo motor is coupled to a rotating shaft of the tool changing arm to drive the tool changing arm to rotate about the Z axis.

Wherein, the numerical control machine tool further includes a Z-axis guide rail disposed on the spindle box slide plate along the Z-axis direction, and the spindle box is slidably mounted on the Z-axis guide rail. The headstock is driven to move in a Z-axis direction on the headstock slide by a second translation mechanism; the second translation mechanism includes a second servo motor and a second screw, and the second servo motor is mounted on the spindle On the box slide, one end of the second screw is connected to the second servo motor, and the other end is connected to the spindle box, and the spindle box and the spindle are driven by the rotation of the second servo motor. The spindle on the case and the tool on the spindle slide along the Z-axis guide.

Wherein, the tool magazine is a disc type tool magazine, an umbrella type tool magazine or a bucket type tool magazine.

In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a quick tool changing method for the above numerical control machine tool, the tool changing method comprising the following steps: the headstock moves along the Z-axis direction and is mounted on the main shaft. The first tool is brought to the tool change position. The magazine opens the second tool in the tool change position such that the second tool rotates to extend in the Z-axis direction. The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the first clamping portion of the rotating arm clamps the first cutter and the second clamping portion of the rotating arm to clamp the second cutter. The first translation mechanism drives the spindle to move down the Z axis while pulling the first tool out of the spindle and pulling the second tool out of the magazine. The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction to move the first tool clamped by the first clamping portion directly under the tool change position and clamp the second clamping portion The second tool moves directly below the spindle. The first translation mechanism drives the spindle to move in the Z-axis to simultaneously insert the first tool into the magazine and insert the second tool into the spindle. The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the first clamping portion releases the first tool and the second clamping portion releases the second tool.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: different from the prior art, the present invention performs tool change by using a tool change mechanism. During the tool change process, the spindle only needs to perform a vertical movement, that is, moving to the tool change position. Yes, there is no need to do horizontal motion, which simplifies the tool change process and greatly increases the tool change speed, thus greatly improving the tool change efficiency. Moreover, since the tool change is performed using the tool change mechanism, the size and type of the tool magazine are no longer limited by the stroke of the spindle in the horizontal direction and the pitch of the gantry column, so that the capacity of the tool magazine can be increased. In addition, since the magazine is fixed on the headstock slide, it can move with the movement of the spindle slide, and the relative position between the spindle and the spindle on the spindle slide remains unchanged, and the tool change mechanism is installed in the magazine. Therefore, regardless of the position of the spindle movement, the position of the tool change mechanism relative to the tool magazine and the main shaft does not change, so that the vertical direction movement and the horizontal rotation performed by the tool change mechanism each time the tool change is performed The same is unchanged, which further simplifies the tool change process and improves the tool change efficiency.

[Description of the Drawings]

1 is a schematic structural view of a step (1) in a tool changing process of a numerically controlled machine tool of the background art;

2 is a schematic structural view of the step (2) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

3 is a schematic structural view of the step (3) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

4 is a schematic structural view of the step (4) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the step (5) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

6 is a schematic structural view of the step (6) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

7 is a schematic structural view of the step (7) in the tool changing process of the background CNC machine tool;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the step (8) in the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the background art;

9 is a schematic perspective structural view of an embodiment of a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

Figure 10 is a front view showing the structure of an embodiment of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a side elevational view showing the embodiment of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of the spindle box slide and the tool magazine of Figure 11;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the tool magazine of Figure 9;

14 is a schematic structural view of a spindle machine moving to a tool change position during a tool change process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention;

15 is a schematic structural view of a tool for grasping a spindle and a tool of a tool magazine during a tool change process of the numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tool for removing the tool of the spindle and the tool of the tool magazine during the tool change process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention;

Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tool change tool magazine of the spindle under the tool change tool magazine of the present invention when the tool of the tool magazine is located under the spindle;

18 is a schematic structural view of a tool for inserting a spindle into a tool magazine and inserting a tool of the tool magazine into the spindle during a tool change process of the numerical control machine tool according to the present invention;

19 is a schematic structural view of the CNC machine tool after the tool changing process is completed and the grip arm is reset;

20 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a rapid tool change method of a numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention.

【detailed description】

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 9 to FIG. 11. FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective structural view of an embodiment of a numerical control machine tool according to the present invention. Fig. 10 is a front view showing the structure of an embodiment of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention. Figure 11 is a side elevational view showing the embodiment of the numerically controlled machine tool of the present invention.

A numerical control machine tool includes a spindle box slide 20, a spindle box 30, a spindle 40, a magazine 50, and a tool change mechanism 60. The numerical control machine tool in this embodiment further includes a gantry 10, a table 70 and a base 80. The headstock 30 is mounted on the headstock slider 20 and is slidable relative to the spindle box slider 20 in the Z-axis direction. One end of the main shaft 40 is fixed to the headstock 30, and the other end is mounted with a detachable first cutter 401 for realizing the processing of the product. The magazine 50 is fixed to the headstock slider 20. The tool change mechanism 60 is mounted on the tool magazine 50.

The gantry 10 has a "∏" shape, and the gantry 10 includes a column 12 fixed at both ends of the base 80 and a beam 11 straddle the column. The length direction of the beam is the direction of the X axis. The column 12 is integrally molded with the beam 11. The table 70 is located between the columns 12 and is mounted on the base 80, and the table 70 is movable in the Y-axis direction. Specifically, the movement of the table 70 is driven by a Y-axis transmission mechanism 71 including a Y-axis servo motor 710 and a Y-axis screw 711, and the Y-axis servo motor 710 is mounted on the base 80. One end of the Y-axis screw 711 is connected to the Y-axis servo motor 710, and the other end thereof is connected to the table 70, and the table 70 is horizontally slid in the Y-axis direction by the rotation of the Y-axis servo motor 710.

Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic structural view of the spindle box slide and the tool magazine in FIG. The headstock slide 20 is mounted on the beam 11. In the present embodiment, the beam 11 is provided with a first X-axis guide rail 110 on the XZ plane and a second X-axis guide rail 111 on the XY plane. The headstock slide 20 has a "Γ" shape in cross section, and includes an upper slide 21 parallel to the XY plane and a side slide 22 parallel to the XZ plane. The inner side of the side slide 22 is provided with a first slide embedded in the first X-axis guide 110. At block 220, the inner side of the upper slide plate 21 is provided with a second slider 210 embedded in the second X-axis guide rail 111. The headstock slide 20 is driven in its horizontal direction by an X-axis drive mechanism 24. The X-axis transmission mechanism 24 includes an X-axis servo motor 240 and an X-axis screw 241 mounted on the beam 11, one end of the X-axis screw 241 is connected to the X-axis servo motor 240, and the other end is connected to the spindle. The box slides 20 are coupled, and the spindle box slides 20 are slid along the first X-axis guide rail 110 and the second X-axis guide rails 111 by the X-axis servo motor 240.

When the CNC machine is in operation, the first tool 401 is inserted at the bottom of the spindle 40, and the first tool 401 needs to be moved horizontally and vertically in order to realize the processing of the product. Since the first cutter 401 is mounted on the spindle 40, the spindle 40 is mounted on the spindle housing 30, and the spindle housing 30 is mounted on the spindle housing slider 20, so that the sliding of the spindle slider 20 along the X-axis drives the first cutter 401 along X-axis movement. The movement of the first tool 401 in the Z-axis direction is achieved by the headstock 30 driving the movement of the spindle 40 in the vertical direction.

The spindle housing 30 is mounted on the spindle housing slide 20, and the spindle 40 is mounted on the spindle housing 30. A Z-axis guide rail (not shown) is disposed on the headstock slider 20 in the Z-axis direction. The headstock 30 is slidably mounted on the Z-axis rail. A second translation mechanism 200 is further disposed on the headstock slide 20, and the second translation mechanism 200 is used to move the spindle housing 30 in the Z-axis direction, thereby driving the spindle 40 to the tool change position. In this embodiment, the second translation mechanism 200 includes a second servo motor 201 and a second screw 202. The second servo motor 201 is mounted on the headstock slide 20, and one end of the second screw 202 is connected to the second servo motor 201. The other end is connected to the headstock 30, and the spindle box 30 is slid on the Z-axis rail by the rotation of the second servo motor 201.

Please refer to FIG. 13, FIG. 15, and FIG. 16, which are structural diagrams of the tool magazine of FIG. Fig. 15 is a structural schematic view showing the tool of the spindle and the tool of the tool magazine during the tool changing process of the numerically controlled machine tool of the present invention. Fig. 16 is a structural schematic view showing the state in which the gripping arm pulls out the tool of the spindle and the tool of the tool magazine during the tool changing process of the numerically controlled machine tool of the present invention.

In the CNC machining program, different tools are used, so the first tool 401 on the spindle 40 needs to be unplugged, and the required second tool 402 is selected from the magazine 50 to be inserted into the spindle 40. The tool magazine 50 of the numerically controlled machine tool of the present invention is mounted on the headstock slide 20 for providing the second tool 402 and for receiving the first tool 401. The magazine 50 can be a disc magazine, an umbrella magazine or a bucket magazine. A plurality of second cutters 402 projecting in the X-axis direction are mounted in the magazine 50, and the second cutter 402 located at the tool change position can be rotated in the X-axis direction to extend in the Z-axis direction after the cutter. The magazine 50 further includes a cutter head 500, a cutter head rotation mechanism (not shown), a knife pocket 501, a knife cutter mechanism 502, and a magazine holder 503. The cutter head 500 is disposed on the magazine holder 503, and a knife change port is provided at a circumferential portion thereof. The cutter head rotating mechanism is disposed on the magazine holder 503 for rotating the second tool 402 that needs to be replaced to the knife change port. The knife sleeve 501 is rotatably coupled to the cutter head 500 for clamping the second cutter 402. The knife mechanism 502 is mounted on the magazine holder 503. In the tool change state, the knife mechanism 502 applies a radial thrust to the knife sleeve 501, so that the knife sleeve 501 is rotated in the X-axis direction to extend in the Z-axis direction. . After the tool change is completed, the knife mechanism 502 applies a pulling force in the radial direction to the knife sleeve 501, so that the knife sleeve 501 is extended by extending in the Z-axis direction to protrude in the X-axis direction.

Specifically, the magazine holder 503 has a "[" shape in cross section, and includes a bottom plate 5030 parallel to the Y-Z plane and two side plates 5031 parallel to the X-Z plane. The cutter head 501 is mounted on the bottom plate 5030, and the cutter mechanism 502, the cutter disc rotation mechanism, and the tool change mechanism 60 are all mounted on the side plate 5031. The magazine 50 further includes an intermediate bracket 504 that is secured to the side of the headstock slider 20 by an intermediate bracket 504.

The process of selecting the desired second tool 402 from the magazine 50 to be inserted into the spindle 40 requires the tool change mechanism 60. The tool change mechanism 60 includes a tool change arm 61, a first rotation mechanism, and a first translation mechanism 63. The tool changer arm 61 has a "⊥" shape, and includes a rotating shaft 610 extending in the Z-axis direction and a rotating arm 611 perpendicular to the rotating shaft 610. The two ends of the rotating arm 611 are respectively provided with a first clamping portion 6110 and a second clamping portion. 6111. The first rotating mechanism can drive the rotating shaft 610 to rotate about the Z axis, so that the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 respectively reach the positions of the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 and clamp the first cutter 401 and the second The cutter 402 or the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are respectively moved away from the positions of the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 and loosen the clamping of the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402. The first translation mechanism 63 is capable of driving the rotary shaft 610 to move up and down along the Z axis to pull the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 from the spindle 40 and the magazine 50, or to insert the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 into the spindle. 40 and the magazine 50. Specifically, the outer circumferential surface of the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 are provided with a card slot 403 extending in the circumferential direction, and the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are engaged with the first cutter 401 and the second An open snap ring in the slot 403 of the tool 402. The first rotating mechanism is a first servo motor, and the first servo motor is coupled to the rotating shaft 610 of the tool changing arm 61, thereby driving the tool changing arm 61 to rotate about the Z axis. The first translation mechanism 63 is a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder or cylinder is coupled to the rotating shaft 610 of the tool change arm 61, thereby causing the tool change arm 61 to move along the Z axis. Of course, the first rotating mechanism and the first translation mechanism 63 may also be other commonly used transmission mechanisms.

For example, to start machining, the required second tool 402 in the magazine 50 needs to be inserted into the spindle 40 first. First, the spindle 40 moves up to the tool change position along the Z axis, and then the first rotation mechanism drives the tool change arm 61 to rotate about the Z axis, so that the first clamping portion 6110 of the rotating arm 611 of the tool change arm 61 rotates to the knife. The second cutter 402 at the position of the knife change of the magazine 50 holds the second cutter 402. The first translation mechanism 63 drives the tool changer arm 61 to move downward in the Z-axis direction, and the tool changer arm 61 pulls the second tool 402 out of the tool magazine 50. The first rotating mechanism drives the changer arm 61 to be reversed about the Z axis, so that the first clamping portion 6110 of the rotating arm 611 of the tool changing arm 61 is rotated directly below the main shaft 40. The first translation mechanism 63 drives the tool changer arm 61 to move in the Z-axis direction, thereby inserting the second tool 402 into the spindle 40. Thereby completing the tool change operation.

Different from the prior art, the present invention performs tool change by using the tool change mechanism 60. During the tool change process, the spindle 40 only needs to perform a movement in the Z-axis direction, that is, to move to the tool change position, and no need to do horizontally. The movement of the direction simplifies the tool change process and greatly increases the speed of the tool change, thus greatly improving the tool change efficiency. Further, since the tool change is performed using the tool change mechanism 60, the size and type of the magazine 50 are no longer limited by the stroke of the spindle 40 in the horizontal direction and the pitch of the gantry column, so that the capacity of the magazine 50 can be increased. Further, since the magazine 50 is fixed to the headstock slider 20, it can move with the movement of the spindle slider 20, and the relative position between the spindle and the spindle 40 on the spindle slider 20 remains unchanged, and the tool is changed. The mechanism 60 is mounted on the magazine 50 so that the position of the tool change mechanism 60 relative to the magazine 50 and the spindle 40 does not change regardless of the position at which the spindle 40 is moved, so that the tool change mechanism 60 is changed each time the tool is changed. The movement in the Z-axis direction and the rotation in the horizontal direction are unchanged, thereby further simplifying the tool change process and improving the tool change efficiency.

The numerical control machine tool of the present invention can only replace the first tool 401 on the main shaft 40 in the tool magazine 50, or can only insert the second tool 402 in the tool magazine 50 into the main shaft 40 without the first tool 401. It is also possible to simultaneously replace the first tool 401 on the spindle 40 and the second tool 402 provided in the magazine 50. The tool changer arm 61 of the present invention is provided with a first clamping portion 6110 and a second clamping portion 6111, which can simultaneously clamp the first tool 401 and the tool magazine 50 provided on the spindle 40, respectively. The second tool 402, in turn, achieves simultaneous exchange of the two.

In the tool changing state, the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are respectively located directly below the first cutter 401 of the spindle 40 and the second cutter 402 of the magazine 50, after the position is exchanged, the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are respectively located directly below the second tool 402 of the tool magazine 50 and the first tool 401 of the spindle 40. In the initial state of the tool change and the end state of the tool change, the plane of the tool change arm 61 is perpendicular to The plane where the cutter head 500 is located. In the tool change state, the first tool 401 on the main shaft 40 is at the same level as the second tool 402 provided by the tool magazine 50, and the rotating shaft 610 of the tool change arm 61 is located in the line connecting the first tool 401 and the second tool 402. Center, the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are centrally symmetric with respect to the rotating shaft 601, so that the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 can be simultaneously located at the first tool 401 and the knife of the spindle 40. Below the second tool 402 provided by the library 50, the insertion and removal operations are simultaneously performed. Moreover, the tool change arm 61 only needs to be rotated by 180° on the horizontal surface to reach the lower side of the tool magazine 50 and the main shaft 40 at the same time, so that the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 are interchanged without separately rotating, There is no need to adjust the angle, height, etc. The whole process is very fast.

In order not to affect the normal execution of the machining program by the spindle 40, in the non-tool changing state, when the spindle 40 is in operation, the plane of the tool changer 61 is parallel to the plane of the cutter head 500. When the tool change is required, the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 of the tool changing arm 61 can respectively clamp the first of the spindle 40 by rotating the tool changing arm 61 by 90 degrees along the Z axis. The tool 401 and the second tool 402 provided by the magazine 50.

Referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 together with FIG. 11 to FIG. 16, the following describes the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the embodiment:

First, the second servo motor 201 in the second translation mechanism 200 is driven, which drives the spindle box 30 to slide upward in the Z-axis direction by the second screw 202, thereby mounting the spindle 40 and the spindle 40 mounted on the spindle housing 30. The first tool 401 also slides up the Z-axis to the tool change position. As shown in FIG. 14, it is a structural schematic diagram of the spindle moving to the tool change position during the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention.

While the spindle 40 reaches the tool change position, the cutter wheel rotating mechanism rotates the selected second tool 402 to the tool change port, and the knife mechanism 502 pushes the knife sleeve 501 where the second tool 402 is located at the blade change edge in the radial direction. The second cutter 402 is rotated from the original toward the X-axis direction to the Z-axis direction. At this time, the second cutter 402 is at the same level as the first cutter 401, and the rotating shaft 610 is located at the center of the connection.

Then, the first rotating mechanism of the tool changing mechanism 60 drives the tool changing arm 61 to rotate 90 degrees about the Z axis, so that the first clamping portion 6110 and the second clamping portion 6111 of the tool changing arm 61 simultaneously clamp the first tool 401 and The second tool 402. Please refer to FIG. 15 , which is a structural schematic diagram of the tool for grasping the spindle and the tool of the tool magazine during the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention.

The first translation mechanism 63 drives the clamp arm 61 to move downward in the Z-axis, so that the clamp arm 61 simultaneously pulls out the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402. Please refer to FIG. 16 , which is a structural schematic diagram of the tool for removing the tool of the spindle and the tool of the tool magazine during the tool changing process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention.

The first rotating mechanism of the tool changing mechanism 60 drives the clamping arm 61 to rotate 180° about the vertical axis, such that the first tool 401 is located directly below the tool change port of the tool magazine 50, and the second tool 402 is located directly below the spindle 40. Please refer to FIG. 17, which is a structural schematic diagram of the tool changer of the spindle under the tool change tool magazine of the present invention, and the tool of the tool magazine is located below the main shaft during the tool change process of the present invention.

The first translation mechanism 63 re-drives the clamp arm 61 to move vertically upward while inserting the first cutter 401 and the second cutter 402 into the magazine 50 and the spindle 40, respectively. Please refer to FIG. 18 , which is a structural schematic diagram of the tool of the spindle tool inserted into the tool magazine and the tool of the tool magazine being inserted into the spindle during the tool change process of the numerical control machine tool of the present invention.

The first rotating mechanism of the tool changing mechanism 60 drives the clamping arm 61 to rotate 90° about the Z axis to reset the clamping arm 61 even if the plane of the tool changing arm 61 is parallel to the plane of the cutter head 500, thereby not affecting the spindle 40. The normal work. At the same time, the knife mechanism 502 applies a radial pulling force to the knife sleeve 501 where the first tool 401 is located, so that the knife sleeve 501 is extended by extending in the Z-axis direction to extend in the X-axis direction, and the first in the knife sleeve 501 A cutter 401 is also extended by extending in the Z-axis direction to project in the X-axis direction. Please refer to FIG. 19 , which is a schematic structural view of the CNC machine tool after the tool change process is completed and the grip arm is reset.

Please refer to FIG. 20, which is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a rapid tool change method for a numerically controlled machine tool according to the present invention. The quick tool change method includes the following steps:

S10, the headstock moves in the Z-axis direction, and the first tool mounted on the spindle is brought to the tool change position.

S11. The tool magazine applies a tool to the second tool at the tool change port, so that the second tool rotates to extend in the Z-axis direction.

S12. The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate to the first clamping portion of the rotating arm, and the second clamping portion of the first tool and the rotating arm clamps the second cutting tool.

S13. The first translation mechanism drives the rotating shaft to move downward along the Z axis, while pulling the first tool out of the spindle and pulling the second tool out of the tool magazine.

S14, the first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction to move the first tool clamped by the first clamping portion directly below the tool change position and move the second tool clamped by the second clamping portion to Directly below the spindle.

S15, the first translation mechanism drives the rotating shaft to move in the Z-axis direction to simultaneously insert the first tool into the tool magazine and insert the second tool into the spindle.

S16. The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the first clamping portion releases the clamping of the first cutter and the second clamping portion releases the second cutting tool.

The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the equivalent structure or equivalent process transformations made by the description of the invention and the drawings are directly or indirectly applied to other related technologies. The fields are all included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (14)

A numerical control machine tool, wherein the numerical control machine tool comprises: Headstock slide a headstock, mounted on the headstock slide, capable of sliding relative to the spindle box slide in the Z-axis direction; a spindle, one end of which is fixed on the headstock, and the other end is provided with a detachable first tool; The tool magazine is fixed on the headstock slide plate, and a plurality of second tools protruding in the X-axis direction are installed in the tool magazine, and the second tool located in the tool change position can be rotated to the X-axis direction after the tool is cut Extending in the Z-axis direction; a tool changing mechanism mounted on the tool magazine, comprising a tool change arm, a first rotating mechanism and a first translation mechanism, wherein the tool change arm is a "⊥" shape, comprising a rotating shaft extending in the Z-axis direction and a rotating arm perpendicular to the rotating shaft, the two ends of the rotating arm are respectively provided with a first clamping portion and a second clamping portion; the first rotation The mechanism is capable of driving the rotating shaft to rotate about the Z axis, so that the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion respectively reach the positions of the first tool and the second tool and clamp the first tool and the first a second tool, or the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion are respectively away from the positions of the first tool and the second tool and loosen the clamping of the first tool and the second tool; The first translation mechanism is capable of driving the rotating shaft to move up and down along the Z axis to pull the first tool and the second tool from the spindle and the tool magazine, or to the first tool and the second tool Insert into the spindle and magazine. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a base, a gantry and a workbench, wherein the gantry has a "∏" shape, and includes a column fixed at each end of the base and a beam spanning the column, The length direction of the beam is disposed along the X-axis direction, the column is integrally molded with the beam; the spindle box slide is mounted on the beam; the table is located between the columns, and is installed at the On the base, the table can move in the Y-axis direction. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 2, wherein said beam is provided with a first X-axis guide rail located in the XZ plane and a second X-axis guide rail located on the XY plane, the cross section of the spindle box slide plate being "Γ a shape comprising an upper slide parallel to the XY plane and a side slide parallel to the XZ plane, the inner side of the side slide being provided with a first slider embedded in the first X-axis guide, the inner side of the upper slide being provided A second slider embedded in the second X-axis guide. The numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the first cutter and the second cutter is provided with a card slot extending in the circumferential direction, the first clamping portion and the second The clamping portion is an opening snap ring that is respectively inserted into the first cutter and the second cutter slot. The numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the tool magazine comprises a cutter head, a cutter head rotation mechanism, a cutter sleeve, a cutter mechanism and a magazine holder; The cutter head is disposed on the tool holder, and a knife changer is arranged at a circumferential portion thereof; The cutter rotation mechanism is disposed on the magazine holder for rotating a second tool that needs to be replaced to the knife change port; The knife sleeve is rotatably coupled to the cutter head for clamping the second cutter; The knife mechanism is mounted on the magazine holder. In the tool change state, the knife mechanism applies a radial thrust to the sleeve so that the sleeve rotates along the X axis to the Z axis. The direction is extended; after the tool change is completed, the knife mechanism applies a radial pulling force to the knife sleeve such that the knife sleeve extends from the Z-axis direction to extend in the X-axis direction. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the magazine holder has a cross section of "[", including a bottom plate parallel to the YZ plane and two side plates parallel to the XZ plane; the cutter head is mounted on The cutting mechanism, the cutter rotation mechanism and the tool change mechanism are all mounted on the side plate on the bottom plate. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 6, wherein said tool magazine further comprises an intermediate bracket fixed to a side of said headstock slide by an intermediate bracket. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 5, wherein, in the tool change state, the plane of the tool change arm is perpendicular to a plane of the cutter head. The numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 5, wherein in the non-tool changing state, the plane of the tool change arm is parallel to the plane of the cutter head. The numerically controlled machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first translation mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder or cylinder is coupled to a rotating shaft of the tool change arm, thereby driving the change The arm moves along the Z axis. The numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first rotating mechanism is a first servo motor, and the first servo motor is coupled to a rotating shaft of the tool changing arm, thereby driving the switching The knife arm rotates about the Z axis. The numerical control machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the numerical control machine tool further includes a Z-axis guide rail that is disposed on the spindle box slide plate along the Z-axis direction, the spindle The box is slidably mounted on the Z-axis rail; The headstock is driven to move in a Z-axis direction on the headstock slide by a second translation mechanism; the second translation mechanism includes a second servo motor and a second screw, and the second servo motor is mounted on the spindle On the box slide, one end of the second screw is connected to the second servo motor, and the other end is connected to the spindle box, and the spindle box and the spindle are driven by the rotation of the second servo motor. The spindle on the case and the tool on the spindle slide along the Z-axis guide. The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool magazine is a disk type tool magazine, an umbrella type tool magazine or a bucket type tool magazine. A tool changing method for a numerically controlled machine tool according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: The headstock moves along the Z-axis direction, bringing the first tool mounted on the spindle to the tool change position; The tool magazine applies a tool to the second tool at the tool change position, so that the second tool rotates to extend in the Z-axis direction; The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the first clamping portion of the rotating arm clamps the first cutter and the second clamping portion of the rotating arm to clamp the second cutter; The first translation mechanism drives the rotating shaft to move downward along the Z axis while pulling the first tool out of the spindle and pulling the second tool out of the tool magazine; The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction to move the first tool clamped by the first clamping portion directly under the tool change position and clamp the second clamping portion The second tool moves directly below the main shaft; The first translation mechanism drives the shaft to move in the Z-axis to simultaneously insert the first tool into the magazine and insert the second tool into the spindle; The first rotating mechanism drives the rotating shaft to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the first clamping portion releases the first tool and the second clamping portion releases the second tool.