WO2016194627A1 - 長尺部材の焼き入れ装置及び長尺部材の焼き入れ方法 - Google Patents
長尺部材の焼き入れ装置及び長尺部材の焼き入れ方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016194627A1 WO2016194627A1 PCT/JP2016/064875 JP2016064875W WO2016194627A1 WO 2016194627 A1 WO2016194627 A1 WO 2016194627A1 JP 2016064875 W JP2016064875 W JP 2016064875W WO 2016194627 A1 WO2016194627 A1 WO 2016194627A1
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- Prior art keywords
- quenching
- long member
- copying
- heating
- cooling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P17/00—Metal-working operations, not covered by a single other subclass or another group in this subclass
- B23P17/02—Single metal-working processes; Machines or apparatus therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
Definitions
- the present invention is an apparatus for quenching at least a part of a long member such as a tubular member having a bend (for example, a steel pipe) and a long member having a deformed cross section (for example, a hat-shaped cross section). About. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a quenching method using the quenching apparatus.
- the purpose is to increase the mechanical strength and the like of a “tubular member having a bend” (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a “bend pipe”) used for automobile parts such as a door impact beam and an anti-roll bar.
- a so-called “quenching” process is known.
- the quenching process is a process in which the member to be processed is rapidly cooled after being heated to a predetermined temperature or higher.
- the quenching process may be performed on the entire member to be processed, or may be locally performed on a part of the member to be processed.
- the whole of a pipe (bent pipe) that has been bent in advance is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined quenching temperature (eg, brought into contact with cooling water) and then rapidly cooled.
- a predetermined quenching temperature eg, brought into contact with cooling water
- the entire bent pipe is quenched, so this method cannot be applied when, for example, a portion of the bent pipe is not quenched.
- the quenching means including the heating means and the cooling means are moved little by little along the longitudinal direction of the bent pipe, and the bent pipe is heated and cooled at a portion where quenching is required. It is common to perform a quenching process on a part of this.
- the quenching means may be fixed and the bent tube may be moved. That is, either the bent tube or the quenching means may move, and it is only necessary that these move relatively.
- the bending pipe and the heating means move relatively, if the positional relationship between the bending pipe and the heating means is biased, or if the bending pipe and the heating means interfere with each other, the bending pipe is hardened. There is a possibility that the treatment becomes uneven or the heating means is damaged. Therefore, the positional relationship between the bent tube and the heating means needs to be strictly controlled.
- a plurality of industrial robots are cooperatively controlled to bend and quench a tubular member (hereinafter simply referred to as “pipe”).
- pipe tubular member
- This apparatus includes a pipe feeding mechanism, a first support mechanism that supports the pipe while feeding it, a heating mechanism, a cooling mechanism, and a second bending section that applies a bending moment to a heated portion of the pipe. Support mechanism and a steel deformation prevention mechanism.
- the apparatus since the apparatus requires a plurality of industrial robots and a control mechanism for cooperatively controlling them, it requires a large facility cost, a vast operating space and power consumption.
- bent portion since bending is performed using softening of the tube accompanying heating in the quenching process, the bent portion of the tube (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “bent portion”). The must be quenched. Therefore, if quenching is not required at the bend of the tube, the device cannot be used.
- This apparatus includes an induction heating coil, a multi-axis robot (articulated industrial robot) as a conveying means for passing a tube through the induction heating coil, a cooling means disposed downstream of the induction heating coil, It has.
- the bent tube is held by a plurality of clamps attached to the tip of the robot arm, and the robot operates so that the bent tube passes through almost the center of the induction heating coil.
- the bent tube is sequentially moved in the longitudinal direction with respect to the induction heating coil and the cooling means, and a quenching process is performed.
- the quenching process can be performed regardless of the position of the bent portion of the bent pipe, the bending process and the quenching process are performed simultaneously as in the apparatus described above. The problem is solved.
- a long member having an irregular cross section is used in a structural member constituting a car body of an automobile.
- a long member having a hat-shaped cross section formed by pressing a steel plate is used in a center pillar, a cross member, or the like of a vehicle.
- the “long member” means a member having a shape in which the dimension of the member in a specific direction is relatively longer than the dimension of the member in another direction, and the specific direction in the member is It is called “longitudinal direction”, and the direction orthogonal to the “longitudinal direction” is called “width direction” or “thickness direction”.
- a technique is also known in which a long member having a hat-shaped cross section is manufactured by so-called “hot pressing” so that the entire long member is quenched at the same time as molding.
- hot pressing so-called “hot pressing” so that the entire long member is quenched at the same time as molding.
- the mechanical strength in all regions of the long member having a hat-shaped cross section can be increased, for example, the collision safety of the vehicle can be increased.
- hot press work requires large-scale equipment. As a result, for example, not only an increase in manufacturing cost but also a problem such as an increase in cost due to changeover may be caused.
- a region in the vicinity of a corner (folding line (ridgeline) portion of a steel plate) of the hat-shaped cross section.
- a technique for increasing the mechanical strength of the long member by partially performing a quenching process only on the long member is known.
- a quenching means including a high-frequency heating coil as a heating means and a cooling jacket as a cooling means disposed downstream thereof is disposed so as to face the corner region. Then, by relatively moving the quenching means and the elongate member along the longitudinal direction of the elongate member, only the corner region can be quenched (for example, (See Patent Document 3).
- the longitudinal axis of the workpiece after quenching may be warped.
- the longitudinal axis is set so that the back side of the workpiece (that is, the side opposite to the top plate of the hat-shaped cross section (also referred to as “concave side” and “flange side”)) is convex. May be distorted.
- the present invention is capable of strictly controlling the positional relationship between the bent pipe and the heating means, has a low work load associated with changeover, and can achieve low cost and space saving.
- One purpose is to provide
- the present inventor holds the quenching means in the copying means movable along the shape of the copying gauge having substantially the same shape as the bent pipe as the workpiece.
- the bending pipe quenching apparatus includes quenching means, transporting means, and control means. And a bending pipe quenching device.
- the quenching means includes a heating means and a cooling means, and by heating the bent tube as a workpiece and then rapidly cooling it, the structure of the material constituting the bent tube is changed, for example, the mechanical strength of the material is changed.
- the heating means heats the bent pipe to a temperature at which the metal structure of the steel becomes an austenitic structure (eg, 900 ° C. or higher), and then the cooling means rapidly cools the bent pipe.
- the steel metal structure is the martensite structure. Thereby, the hardness, wear resistance, tensile strength, fatigue strength, and the like of the steel are improved.
- the heating means is not particularly limited as long as the bending tube can be heated to a temperature necessary to cause the above-described change in the structure of the material, but a bending tube typically made of metal is induced.
- An induction heating coil for example, a high frequency heating coil or the like
- the cooling means is not particularly limited as long as it can rapidly cool the bent tube heated by the heating means at a speed necessary to cause the above-described change in the structure of the material. It is a cooling jacket which ejects a refrigerant
- a shower type cooling jacket in which a plurality of holes are formed in a surface facing the bending pipe and cooling water is ejected from the plurality of holes toward the bending pipe. it can.
- the heating means and the cooling means perform heating and cooling uniformly over the entire circumference of the portion where the bending treatment of the bent pipe is performed. Therefore, typically, it is desirable that the heating means and the cooling means have a hollow shape (for example, a donut shape or the like) through which the bent pipe can pass.
- a hollow shape for example, a donut shape or the like
- the conveying means relatively moves the bent pipe as the workpiece and the quenching means.
- “Move relatively” means that the positional relationship between the bent tube and the quenching means is changed by moving either one or both of the bent tube and the quenching means.
- the quenching means may be moved along the longitudinal direction of the bent pipe.
- the quenching means is, for example, “a pedestal arranged to engage with the guide rail on the guide rail parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bent tube and configured to be movable along the guide rail”. It can be comprised so that a movement along the longitudinal direction of a bending pipe is possible.
- this pedestal can be moved, for example, by rotating a ball screw engaged with a nut attached to the pedestal by a drive device such as a servo motor.
- the bent pipe may be moved in a state where the quenching means is held at a predetermined position so that the bent pipe passes through an area where heating and cooling are performed by the quenching means.
- the positional relationship between the bent tube and the quenching means is not limited to the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bent tube, but also the longitudinal direction of the bent tube. It is necessary to be configured to be movable also in a direction orthogonal to the direction.
- the control means heats the bent pipe by the heating means when the bent pipe relatively moved by the conveying means and the quenching means are in a predetermined positional relationship, and then cools the bent pipe by the cooling means. . Thereby, quenching is performed on at least a part of the bent pipe.
- the “predetermined positional relationship” refers to a state where a portion of the bent tube to be subjected to quenching is in a position suitable for being quenched by the quenching means. Whether or not the bent pipe and the quenching means are in a predetermined positional relationship is detected, for example, by the relative positional relationship between the bent pipe and the quenching means (for example, the position of the bent pipe and / or the quenching means).
- the bent tube and the quenching means are relatively moved by the ball screw rotated by the servo motor as described above, the relative positional relationship between the bent tube and the quenching means based on the number of rotations of the ball screw. Can also be detected.
- the control means When the bent pipe and the quenching means are in a predetermined positional relationship, the control means operates the heating means. For example, when an induction heating coil is used as the heating means, the control means energizes the induction heating coil when the bent tube and the quenching means are in a predetermined positional relationship.
- the cooling means is provided adjacent to the rear side of the heating means in the moving direction of the quenching means with respect to the bent pipe. Thereby, the cooling means can rapidly cool the bent pipe heated by the heating means as the bent pipe and the quenching means move relatively.
- the coolant for example, water
- the coolant for example, water
- the coolant for cooling the bent pipe may be ejected only during the period when the heating means is operating, or the first During the operation of the apparatus of the present invention, it may be continuously ejected.
- the first invention device further includes a copying gauge and a copying unit.
- the scanning gauge is a member having the same axial shape as that of the bent pipe. That is, the copying gauge has substantially the same shape as the bent tube.
- the scanning gauge is a member having the same shape as the bent pipe.
- the copying gauge need not necessarily have the same shape as the bent tube. There is no.
- the shape of the scanning gauge and the shape of the bent tube in the two-dimensional plane corresponding to the bent may be the same.
- the scanning gauge may be a plate-like member corresponding to the cross section of the bent pipe in the two-dimensional plane.
- a copying gauge may be, for example, a bent pipe itself as a workpiece, or may be a member produced separately from the bent pipe by cutting or the like.
- the copying gauge needs to be held in the same posture as the bent pipe as the workpiece.
- a method for holding the copying gauge and the bent pipe in the same posture is not particularly limited.
- the bent pipe subjected to the bending is taken out from the bending apparatus by an industrial robot, and the first
- the posture of the bent pipe attached to the first device of the present invention by the industrial robot is always the same. Accordingly, by holding the copying gauge in the same posture as the above posture, the copying gauge can be held in the same posture as the bent pipe as the workpiece.
- the bent pipe attached to the first invention apparatus as compared with the case of using an industrial robot as described above. It is difficult to always keep the same posture.
- a concave portion for example, a notch or the like in which a convex portion provided in a mechanism (for example, chuck) that holds the curved tube in the first invention apparatus is fitted to a held portion of the curved tube.
- a mechanism for example, chuck
- it may be formed at the end.
- the copying means is a member that transmits the shape of the copying gauge traced by a guide portion described later to the quenching means.
- the quenching means can move along the shape of the bent tube by moving along the shape of the scanning gauge traced by the guide portion.
- the copying means is configured to be movable relative to the bending tube and the scanning gauge not only in the longitudinal direction of the bending tube and the scanning gauge but also in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- the copying means is configured to move relative to the bent pipe by the transport means.
- the copying unit is connected to the pedestal described above, and moves relative to the bent pipe as the conveying unit moves the pedestal.
- the copying unit is provided with a guide rail orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the bent pipe on the pedestal, and is disposed so as to engage with the guide rail and is configured to be movable along the guide rail.
- the copying means is connected to the second pedestal.
- the copying means can be configured to be movable relative to the bending tube and the scanning gauge not only in the longitudinal direction of the bending tube and the scanning gauge but also in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- the copying means When the bending of the bent pipe is three-dimensional, the copying means is allowed to move to the second pedestal via a mechanism that allows vertical movement but not horizontal movement (for example, a mechanism that includes a pantograph and a slider). Connected.
- the copying means can move relative to the bending tube and the scanning gauge not only in the longitudinal direction of the bending tube and the scanning gauge but also in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a bent pipe having a three-dimensional bend.
- a guide portion that is slidably engaged along the copying gauge is held.
- the guide portion is not particularly limited as long as it can be slidably engaged along the copying gauge.
- the guide unit includes two or more guide rollers, and the copying gauge is fitted by these guide rollers. Thereby, the guide part can trace the shape of the copying gauge as the conveying means moves the bending tube and the copying means relatively.
- quenching means is held at the other end of the copying means. Therefore, the shape of the copying gauge traced by the guide portion is transmitted to the quenching means via the copying means. As a result, since the quenching means moves along the shape of the scanning gauge traced by the guide portion, it can move along the shape of the bent pipe.
- the quenching means moves along the bending pipe with high accuracy. That is, according to the first invention apparatus, it is possible to strictly control the positional relationship between the bent pipe and the heating means by simple mechanical means. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the scanning gauge with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the first invention device can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- the control means controls the quenching means, heats the bent pipe by the heating means, and then cools the bent pipe by the cooling means, thereby quenching at least a part of the bent pipe. That is, the control unit controls, for example, supply of electric power to the heating unit and supply of refrigerant to the cooling unit. Therefore, if the control means and the quenching means are separated from each other, for example, the supply path for electric power and refrigerant becomes longer, leading to power transmission loss, refrigerant pressure loss, and the like, thereby reducing the energy efficiency of the first invention apparatus. It may be a factor that causes Furthermore, for example, the wiring and piping for supplying electric power and refrigerant to the quenching means become long.
- control means can be configured to be held by the copying means.
- control means may constitute a part of the copying means.
- the guide portion and the quenching means may be held by an arm provided in the control means.
- the control means and the arm constitute the copying means.
- the control means can be disposed in the vicinity of the quenching means, and as a result, the above problems can be avoided.
- the control unit controls the supply of electric power to the heating unit and the supply of refrigerant to the cooling unit, for example.
- the mass of the control means is generally large, which may hinder smooth tracing of the shape of the copying gauge by the guide portion.
- the copying means needs to move in the vertical direction, so that the mass of the control means has a great influence on the trace by the guide portion. Therefore, it is desirable that the first invention apparatus includes a mechanism for reducing the load applied to the copying unit due to the mass of the control unit.
- the mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it can reduce the load applied to the copying means due to the mass of the control means, but in light of the object of the present invention to achieve low cost and space saving, for example, It is desirable to use a weight that balances the weight of the control means.
- the first invention device has a weight connected to the control means and arranged so as to at least partially balance the weight of the control means. Further provisions can be made.
- the specific mechanism for reducing the load applied to the copying means due to the mass of the control means by the weight is not particularly limited.
- the weight is a wire fastened to a control means (or a pedestal on which the control means is placed) via a pulley (pulley) placed on a pedestal provided on the upper part of the first invention device. It is connected with the control means by and is suspended. Thereby, the weight can at least partially cancel the load applied to the copying means due to the weight of the control means.
- the mass of the weight and the mass of the control means are equal.
- a guide rail parallel to the moving direction of the control means (that is, the longitudinal direction of the bending pipe and the scanning gauge) is provided in the upper part of the first invention apparatus, and a carriage movable along the guide rail is provided in the guide rail. Engage and dispose. Furthermore, a guide rail orthogonal to the moving direction of the control means is provided on the cart, and another cart movable along the guide rail is engaged with the guide rail and arranged.
- the upward force in the vertical direction can be continuously applied to the control means even if the control means moves.
- the control means, the pedestal on which the pulley is placed, and the weight can move in the longitudinal direction of the bending pipe and the copying gauge.
- the heating means heats the bent tube to a temperature necessary to cause a change in the structure of the material constituting the bent tube. Therefore, depending on the configuration of the bent tube (for example, constituent materials and structures), the bent tube may be deformed during heating due to its own weight. In order to prevent such deformation, it is preferable to support the bent tube at a plurality of positions spaced along the longitudinal direction of the bent tube, rather than holding the bent tube only at both ends thereof.
- the first invention device may further include a plurality of support members that can support the bent pipe from below and can be retracted downward. And these several support members are arrange
- each support member is configured to be retractable downward.
- a support member can be configured by providing a receiving portion for supporting the bent pipe at an end portion of an actuator such as a pneumatic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder. Thereby, the support member can raise or lower the position of the receiving portion by the operation of the actuator.
- an actuator such as a pneumatic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder.
- the arrangement interval of the plurality of support members are appropriately determined in consideration of these factors.
- the position where the plurality of support members are arranged is naturally determined according to the shape of the bent pipe to be supported.
- a plurality of support members may be arranged substantially linearly in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube.
- the upper limit position of the receiving part of each supporting member is naturally determined according to the shape of the bent pipe to be supported.
- the lower limit position of the receiving part of each bearing member is sufficient to allow the quenching means to pass between the bent pipe and the bearing member (the receiving part) when retracted downward by the operation of the actuator. Determined to be.
- a pressing unit that presses the bent pipe downward from above may be provided in the vicinity of the quenching unit. Since this pressing means needs to move in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube together with the quenching means, it is desirable to be connected to the copying means.
- the pressing means presses the bent tube at a position slightly separated from the quenching means in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube, so that bending of the bent tube also causes quenching in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bent tube.
- the bent pipe is pressed at a position slightly deviated from the insertion means.
- the pressing means is connected to the copying means in a state in which the pressing means can move in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the bent tube.
- a mechanism such as a roller is provided at the portion of the pressing means that contacts the bent tube so that it can move smoothly in the longitudinal direction while pushing down the bent tube.
- the support member is retracted downward only when the quenching means passes in the quenching process.
- each of the plurality of support members retracts downward when the quenching means approaches within a predetermined distance, and bends when the quenching means does not approach within a predetermined distance. It can be configured to support the tube from below. According to this, the support member retracts downward only when the quenching means approaches within a predetermined distance from the support member in the quenching process. Accordingly, since the period during which the support member is retracted downward can be shortened, the heated bent tube can be deformed without interfering with the movement of the quenching means along the bent tube in the quenching process. Can be suppressed.
- the “predetermined distance” is, for example, when the quenching means comes close to the support member in the quenching process, even if the retracting of the support member is started, the quenching means and the support member do not interfere with each other. Further, it can be determined as appropriate according to the shortest distance between the quenching means and the support member that can be passed by the quenching means through the place where the support member is supported. Therefore, the “predetermined distance” is, for example, various factors such as the moving speed of the quenching means in the quenching process, the retracting speed of the support member by the actuator, and the size and shape of the quenching means and the receiving part of the support member. Can be influenced by.
- the quenching means and the support member have approached each other within the “predetermined distance” is determined by, for example, the distance between the quenching means and the support member (for example, the quenching means and / or the support member). It can be detected by a sensor that detects the position of Alternatively, as described above, when the bent tube and the quenching means are relatively moved by the ball screw rotated by the servo motor, the distance between the quenching means and the support member is detected based on the number of rotations of the ball screw. You can also
- the cooling means is provided adjacent to the rear side of the heating means in the moving direction of the quenching means with respect to the bent pipe. Thereby, the cooling means can rapidly cool the bent pipe heated by the heating means as the bent pipe and the quenching means move relatively.
- the quenching means can include cooling means on both sides of the heating means in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube. According to this, the quenching process can be performed not only when the quenching means is moved in one direction in the longitudinal direction of the bent pipe but also when the quenching means is moved in the opposite direction. As a result, the efficiency of the quenching process of the bent pipe by the first invention apparatus can be greatly increased.
- tempering when it is necessary to perform so-called “tempering” on the bent pipe, when the quenching means is moved in one direction in the longitudinal direction of the bent pipe (outward path), the quenching process is performed and the movement is performed in the opposite direction. Tempering processing can also be performed at the time of returning (return way). According to this, since the quenching process and the tempering process can be performed continuously by one process, the processing efficiency of the bent pipe by the apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention can be greatly increased.
- the tempering process has a lower heating temperature (for example, 200 ° C.) than the quenching process.
- the power supplied to the heating means is weakened, the moving speed of the quenching means is increased in the “return path”, or the bending is performed by controlling the actuator.
- the tempering process can be performed by reducing the number of support members that support the tube or by reducing the amount of refrigerant ejected by the cooling means.
- the cooling means on the rear side of the heating means in the moving direction of the quenching means in the moving direction of the quenching means, whether the quenching means is moved in one direction in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube or in the opposite direction. Only works. Therefore, in any case, the cooling means on the front side of the heating means is not operated in the moving direction of the quenching means.
- the heating means is provided only on the front side of the workpiece (long member).
- the longitudinal axis may be distorted (warped) so that the back side of the workpiece is convex.
- the distortion (warpage) of the workpiece is large, it may be difficult to use the workpiece as a component of a vehicle, for example.
- Another object is to provide a quenching apparatus for a long member that can be reduced and a quenching method using the quenching apparatus.
- the present inventor is also referred to as the front side of the work (long member) (that is, the top side of the hat-shaped cross section (“convex part side” and “top side”) .)) Not only the corner area of the workpiece but also the corner area on the back side of the workpiece is subjected to a quenching process to reduce distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece after the quenching process. I found out that I can.
- a quenching device for a long member having a hat-shaped cross section according to the present invention includes quenching means, A transport means and a control means.
- the quenching means includes a heating means and a cooling means, and by heating the long member as a workpiece and then rapidly cooling it, the structure of the material constituting the long member is changed, for example, the mechanical strength of the material Etc.
- the quenching means, heating means, and cooling means provided in the second invention apparatus have basically the same configuration as the quenching means, heating means, and cooling means provided in the first invention apparatus described above. Do not repeat.
- the heating means and cooling means provided in the second invention apparatus are different from the heating means and cooling means provided in the first invention apparatus described above, and a hollow member through which a long member as a workpiece can be passed. It is not necessary to have a shape (for example, a donut shape).
- the conveying means relatively moves the long member and the quenching means in the longitudinal direction of the long member. Since the carrying means provided in the second invention apparatus has basically the same configuration as the carrying means provided in the first invention apparatus described above, description thereof will not be repeated here.
- the control means heats the elongate member by the heating means, and then cools the elongate member by the cooling means, thereby performing a quenching process on at least a part of the elongate member.
- the control means heats the long member by energizing the induction heating coil.
- the cooling means is provided adjacent to the rear side of the heating means in the moving direction of the quenching means with respect to the long member. Thereby, the cooling means can quench the elongate member heated by the heating means as the elongate member and the quenching means move relatively.
- the refrigerant for example, water
- the refrigerant for example, water
- the quenching means includes two first corner portions which are two corner portions where the flange portion and the side wall portion intersect, and two corner portions where the side wall portion and the top plate portion intersect. It arrange
- the quenching means provided in the second invention device sets a predetermined interval between the two first corner portions and the two second corner portions to be subjected to the quenching process (target corner portion). They are arranged so as to face each other.
- target corner region only the region near the target corner (that is, the target corner and the region near the target corner may be simply referred to as “target corner region” hereinafter). Can be partially subjected to quenching.
- the device of the second invention further includes a copying gauge and a copying unit.
- the copying gauge is a member having a shape corresponding to the shape of the ridge line formed by the target corner portion of the long member and held in the same posture as the long member.
- the copying gauge is a member having the same shape as a long member as a workpiece.
- the copying gauge is traced by a later-described guide portion (also referred to as a “copying jig”) while being held in a predetermined posture, so that the position of the target corner portion can be specified.
- a copying gauge may be, for example, a long member itself as a workpiece, or a member produced separately from the long member by cutting or the like.
- the copying gauge needs to be held in the same posture as the long member as the workpiece.
- a method for holding the copying gauge and the long member in the same posture is not particularly limited.
- the second process is performed by the industrial robot.
- the posture of the long member attached to the device of the present invention is always the same. Therefore, by holding the copying gauge in the same posture as the above posture, the copying gauge can be held in the same posture as the long member as the workpiece.
- the posture of the long member attached to the second invention device is always the same as when using an industrial robot as described above. It is difficult to make.
- a concave portion for example, a notch or the like
- a convex portion provided in a mechanism for example, a chuck
- maintenance part for example, edge part
- the copying means is a member that transmits the shape of the copying gauge traced by the guide portion to the quenching means.
- the quenching means can move along the shape of the long member by moving along the shape of the scanning gauge traced by the guide portion.
- the copying means is configured to be movable relative to the long member and the copying gauge not only in the longitudinal direction of the long member and the copying gauge but also in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction.
- the copying means is configured to move relative to the long member by the conveying means.
- the copying means is connected to a pedestal similar to the pedestal described above for the first invention apparatus, so that the conveying means moves relative to the long member as the pedestal moves. Move on.
- a mechanism similar to the mechanism described above for the first invention apparatus may be employed. Yes (detailed explanation of the mechanism is omitted).
- the copying means is not limited to the long member and the copying gauge not only in the longitudinal direction of the long member and the copying gauge but also in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the copying means is not only in the longitudinal direction of the long member and the copying gauge, but also in the horizontal direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and the vertical direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. It may be configured to be movable relative to the long member and the copying gauge.
- a guide portion that is slidably engaged along the copying gauge is held.
- the guide portion is not particularly limited as long as it can be slidably engaged along the copying gauge.
- the guide unit includes two or more guide rollers, and the copying gauge is fitted by these guide rollers. Thereby, the guide part can trace the shape of the copying gauge as the conveying means relatively moves the long member and the copying means.
- quenching means is held at the other end of the copying means. Therefore, the shape of the copying gauge traced by the guide portion is transmitted to the quenching means via the copying means. As a result, since the quenching means moves along the shape of the scanning gauge traced by the guide portion, it can move along the ridge shape formed by the target corner portion of the long member.
- the guide portion moves in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long member and the scanning gauge along the scanning gauge, so that the quenching means is accurately formed into a ridge line shape including the target corner portion of the long member. Move along well. That is, according to the second invention apparatus, it is possible to strictly control the positional relationship between the target corner portion of the long member and the heating means by simple mechanical means. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the scanning gauge with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the device of the second invention can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- the surface is opposed to the target corner of the heating unit and the cooling unit. It is desirable that the quenching surface has a shape along the to-be-quenched surface, which is a surface facing the heating means and cooling means at the target corner. Therefore, in the second invention apparatus, the quenching surface, which is the surface facing the target corner of the heating unit and the cooling unit, is the surface facing the heating unit and the cooling unit of the target corner. It may be configured to have a shape along the to-be-quenched surface. According to this, the heating of the target corner by the heating unit and the cooling of the target corner by the cooling unit in the apparatus of the second invention can be performed more efficiently.
- the to-be-quenched surface is a surface outside the target corner.
- “Outside the target corner” means that the normal line of each main surface of the two members (the combination of the top plate and the side wall and / or the combination of the side wall and the flange) constituting the target corner. Not the side that can intersect (the side that these two members make is smaller than 180 °), but the side that these normals cannot intersect (the side that the two members make is larger than 180 °) Point to.
- the quenching surface has a shape that sandwiches the target corner from the outside.
- the amount of heat given from the heating means to the target corner and the amount of heat taken from the target corner by the cooling means can be further increased.
- electromagnetic waves generated from the induction heating coil and refrigerant (for example, water) injected from the cooling jacket are targeted. It can be concentrated at the corners.
- refrigerant for example, water
- the heating of the target corner by the heating means and the cooling of the target corner by the cooling means in the apparatus of the second invention can be performed more efficiently.
- two members constituting the target corner are substantially orthogonal to each other. In this case, the “quenched surface” (and the “quenched surface”) is a substantially L-shaped bent surface.
- the control means can be held by the copying means.
- the second invention device may further include a weight connected to the control means and arranged to at least partially balance the weight of the control means.
- a plurality of support members that can support the long member from below and can be retracted downward are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the long member. obtain. In this case, each of the plurality of support members retracts downward when the quenching means approaches within a predetermined distance, and when the quenching means does not approach within a predetermined distance, The member may be configured to be supported from below.
- the quenching means may include cooling means on both sides of the heating means in the longitudinal direction.
- the present invention also relates to a method of quenching a long member using the quenching apparatus according to the present invention.
- long member quenching treatment methods the above-described quenching treatment methods using the various second invention apparatuses (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “second invention methods”) are described above.
- second invention methods By moving the elongate member and the copying means relative to each other by a conveying means, the target corner is moved by the heating means while moving the elongate member and the quenching means relatively in the longitudinal direction.
- the corner region of the long member having a hat-shaped cross section is subjected to a quenching process using any of the various second aspect of the present invention devices.
- the guide portion moves in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long member and the scanning gauge along the scanning gauge, so that the quenching means is the target of the long member. It moves along the ridgeline shape consisting of corners with high accuracy.
- the method of the second invention it is possible to strictly control the positional relationship between the target corner of the long member and the heating means by simple mechanical means. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the scanning gauge with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since this simple mechanical means is used, the method of the second invention can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the quenching method according to the prior art using an industrial robot. is there.
- the target corner portion includes both the two first corner portions and the two second corner portions.
- the quenching process includes a first process and a second process described below.
- First step The elongate member and the copying means are moved relatively by the conveying means, and the elongate member and the quenching means are moved relatively in the longitudinal direction by the heating means. After the two first corners are heated, the two first corners are quenched by cooling the two first corners with the cooling means.
- Second step The elongate member and the copying means are moved relative to each other by the conveying means, and the elongate member and the quenching means are moved relatively in the longitudinal direction by the heating means. After the two second corners are heated, the two second corners are cooled by the cooling means, thereby quenching the two second corners.
- the 1st process and 2nd process in a hardening process may be performed simultaneously, or may be performed sequentially.
- the second step is performed after the first step is performed in the quenching step. That is, it is desirable to quench the front side corner (second corner) after the back side corner (first corner) of the long member (work) having a hat-shaped cross section.
- the front side (that is, the top plate side of the hat-shaped cross section) is convex by the quenching process for the two first corners (which are the two corners where the flange portion and the side wall portion intersect) in the first step.
- the second step is performed (at the two corners where the side wall and the top plate intersect)
- a distortion (warp) in the opposite direction to the first step due to the quenching process for the two second corners.
- the distortion (warpage) generated in the first process is at least partially offset by the distortion (warpage) generated in the second process, and the distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the long member (workpiece) is caused. Reduced.
- the back side namely, the side opposite to the top plate side of a hat-shaped section
- the back side namely, the side opposite to the top plate side of a hat-shaped section
- This excessive distortion (warpage) occurs in the next first step (warpage).
- the distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the long member (workpiece) may not be sufficiently reduced.
- FIG. 1 It is a typical perspective view which shows the structure of the quenching means with which an example (3rd apparatus) of the quenching apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of 2nd invention apparatus is equipped. It is a typical perspective view which illustrates other composition of the hardening means which a 3rd device can have. It is an enlarged view of the guide part with which a 4th apparatus is provided. Schematic (a) side view and (b) front view showing arrangement of long members and quenching means before start of one example (second method) of quenching method according to one embodiment of method of second invention FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic (b) front view and (a) a cross-sectional view taken along line AA showing the arrangement of long members and quenching means after execution of the first step included in the second method. It is typical sectional view (b) front view and (a) line BB showing arrangement of a long member after execution of the 2nd process included in the 2nd method, and hardening means.
- first apparatus a quenching apparatus according to one embodiment of the above-described first invention apparatus (hereinafter, also referred to as “first apparatus”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- first apparatus also referred to as “first apparatus”.
- the longitudinal direction of the bending pipe and the scanning gauge is the X-axis direction
- the direction orthogonal to the X-axis direction in the horizontal plane is the Y-axis direction
- the vertical direction orthogonal to the X-axis and Y-axis is the vertical direction.
- This is referred to as the Z-axis direction.
- the right direction when the device of the present invention is viewed from the front is the positive direction
- the Y-axis direction is the forward direction when facing the device of the present invention from the front (the direction toward the observer).
- the upward direction (upward in the vertical direction) when the device of the present invention is viewed from the front is the positive direction.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are a perspective view and a left side view, respectively, showing the whole of the first device 100.
- the first device 100 includes quenching means 110, transport means 130, and control means 140.
- the servo motor 131, the ball screw 132, the guide rail 133, and the pedestal 163 constitute a conveying means, and the number “130” as the conveying means is not displayed in the drawing.
- the transport unit 130, the control unit 140, the copying gauge 150, and the copying unit 160 are disposed on the base 101.
- the quenching means 110 includes a heating means 111 and a cooling means 112.
- the quenching means 110 further includes a cooling means 113 on the opposite side across the heating means 111. That is, the quenching means 110 includes cooling means 112 and 113 on both sides of the heating means 111 in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the bent tube 120, respectively.
- the quenching means 110 includes the cooling means 112 on both sides of the heating means 111 as described above.
- the conveying means 130 moves the bent pipe 120 as a workpiece and the quenching means 110 relatively.
- the carrying means 130 rotates the ball screw 132 by the servo motor 131.
- the ball screw 132 is engaged with a nut (not shown) attached to the pedestal 163, and the pedestal 163 moves in the X-axis direction along the guide rail 133 by the rotation of the ball screw 132.
- the guide rail 133 is parallel to the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the bent tube 120.
- the arm 161 that holds the quenching means 110 is connected to the pedestal 163 (via the control means 140 or the like). Therefore, the conveying means 130 can relatively move the bent pipe 120 and the quenching means 110 as a workpiece.
- the bent pipe 120 is fixed by chucks 121 and 122, and the quenching means 110 moves as described above.
- the control means 140 heats the bent pipe 120 by the heating means 111 when the bent pipe 120 relatively moved by the conveying means 130 and the quenching means 110 are in a predetermined positional relationship, and then cools the cooling means.
- the bent tube 120 is cooled by 112 or 113. Thereby, the control means 140 performs a quenching process on a desired portion of the bent pipe 120.
- the heating unit 111 includes an induction heating coil, and heats the bent tube 120 by induction heating using electric power supplied by the power supply device included in the control unit 140.
- the cooling means 112 and 113 are shower type cooling jackets in which a plurality of holes are formed in a surface facing the bending pipe 120 and cooling water is ejected from the plurality of holes toward the bending pipe 120. Both the heating means 111 and the cooling means 112 and 113 have a concentric donut shape of the bent tube 120 so that the bent tube 120 can be passed therethrough.
- the scanning gauge 150 which is a member having the same axial shape as that of the bent tube 120, is the same as that of the bent tube 120. Is held in the posture.
- a notch is provided at one end of the bent tube 120 as a workpiece, and a protrusion is provided on the chuck 121 or 122 that holds the end, and the notch and the protrusion are connected to each other.
- the attitude of the copying gauge 150 and the attitude of the bent tube 120 were made uniform.
- the first device is not only relative to the bent tube 120 and the scanning gauge 150 not only in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the bent tube 120 and the scanning gauge 150 but also in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction).
- the copying apparatus 160 further includes a copying unit 160 that is configured to be movable. As can be easily understood from the side view shown in FIG. Tell the means 110. That is, the quenching means 110 and the guide portion 190 are held at both ends of the copying means 160, respectively.
- the pedestal 165 ′ is placed on another pedestal 165 so as to engage with a guide rail 164 ′ disposed in the Y-axis direction so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction.
- the pedestal 165 is also another pedestal 163. Is engaged with a guide rail 164 disposed in the Y-axis direction and is movably mounted in the Y-axis direction. Then, as described above, the pedestal 163 is moved in the X-axis direction by the conveying means 130.
- the copying unit 160 can bend the bending tube 120 and the copying gauge 150 not only in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the bending tube 120 and the scanning gauge 150 but also in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction). It can move relative to.
- the two pedestals 165 and 165 ′ are mounted so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction as described above, for example, one of the pedestals is fixed with a predetermined amount shifted in the Y-axis direction. By doing so, it can be utilized for applications such as positioning (adjustment) between the quenching means 110 and the guide portion 190.
- the guide portion 190 is hidden behind the control means 140 in FIG. 1, it is held at one end of the copying means 160 as described above, and the quenching means 110 is the other end of the copying means 160. Is held in.
- the guide portion 190 is slidably engaged along the copying gauge 150.
- the guide portion 190 includes rollers 193a and 193a that are rotatably attached to two shafts 192a and 192b provided in parallel to the holding member 191, respectively. 193b.
- the bending of the bent tube 120 is two-dimensional. Specifically, when the bent tube 120 is placed in the XY plane, the bent tube 120 is bent in the XY plane, but in a direction orthogonal to the XY plane (that is, the Z-axis direction). Not bent. Therefore, the guide unit 190 only needs to be able to trace the shape (bending) of the scanning gauge 150 in the XY plane. In other words, as long as the shape (bending) in the XY plane is the same as that of the bending tube 120, the other shape of the copying gauge 150 is not particularly limited.
- the scanning gauge 150 in this example is a plate-like member corresponding to the cross section of the bent tube 120 in the XY plane.
- the rollers 193 a and 193 b of the guide portion 190 are provided with flanges so as not to be separated from the plate-shaped copying gauge 150.
- the first device 100 includes the pressing means 185 described above.
- the pressing means 185 is held by an arm 186 attached to the pedestal 165 and presses the bent pipe 120 in the vicinity of the quenching means 110 from above to below.
- the pressing means 185 is located slightly (in front) away from the quenching means 110 in the longitudinal direction of the bent tube 120. Therefore, the position in the Y-axis direction may be slightly shifted from the quenching means 110 due to the bending of the bent pipe. Since the pressing means 185 is connected to the pedestal 165 movable in the Y-axis direction, the pedestal 165 and the pedestal 165 ′ are displaced even if such a positional deviation occurs, and thus the pressing means 185 is independent of the quenching means 110. It is possible to follow the shape of the bent pipe 120. However, as described above, the pressing means is not an essential component of the device of the present invention.
- the quenching means 110 was put on standby at the end in the negative direction of the X axis. Then, the bent pipe 120 as a work was passed through the heating means 111 and the cooling means 112 and 113, and both ends thereof were held (gripped) by the chucks 121 and 122. At this time, the posture of the bent tube 120 was defined by fitting the notch formed at the end of the bent tube 120 to the convex portion formed in the chuck 121.
- the support members 181 to 184 are arranged on the upper part of the base 102 for the purpose of preventing the bent pipe 120 from being bent by heating in the quenching process. Further, the receiving portions of the support members 181 to 184 were raised by the air pressure supplied from an air compressor (not shown), and the bent pipe 120 was supported. In FIG. 4, the receiving portion of the support member 181 is lowered. However, if there is a time allowance until the distance between the quenching means 110 and the support member 181 becomes less than a predetermined distance after the movement of the quenching means 110 is started, the receiving portion of the support member 181 is raised. It may be left.
- rollers 193a and 193b of the guide portion 190 were brought into contact with the copying gauge 150 (as shown in FIG. 2B).
- the bottom surface of the copying gauge 150 was supported by a plurality of stands 153.
- the quenching means 110 While the quenching means 110 is moving as described above, the copying means 160 moves in the Y axis direction according to the shape of the copying gauge 150 traced by the guide portion 190 while moving in the positive direction of the X axis. Moving. Thereby, the quenching means 110 can move along the bent pipe 120 with high accuracy.
- the control means 140 supplies power to the heating means 111 when the quenching means 110 is located at a location where the bending process of the bent tube 120 is to be performed, and does not supply power otherwise.
- the 1st apparatus 100 can perform a hardening process only to the desired part of the bending pipe 120.
- the positional relationship between the bending tube 120 and the heating unit 111 is biased. Is avoided. As a result, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the quenching process of the bent tube 120 becomes uneven or the heating means is damaged.
- the quenching means 110 When the quenching means 110 is moved in the positive direction of the X axis as described above, only the cooling means 112 on the rear side (the negative direction side of the X axis) of the heating means 111 in the movement direction of the quenching means 110 is operated. The cooling means 113 on the front side (the positive side of the X axis) of the heating means 111 is not operated.
- the quenching process ends. Thereafter, when performing a quenching process on another bent pipe 120, both ends of the bent pipe 120 are removed from the chucks 121 and 122, and the bent pipe 120 after the quenching process is taken out from the first device 100.
- the servo motor 131 is operated in the opposite direction to move the quenching means 110 in the negative direction of the X axis, and the same quenching as described above. Insertion processing can be performed.
- the servo motor 131 is operated in the opposite direction to the quenching means 110 at a predetermined speed in the negative direction of the X axis.
- the bent pipe 120 can be heat-treated at a predetermined heating temperature and cooling efficiency.
- the quenching means 110 when the quenching means 110 is moved in the negative direction of the X axis, only the cooling means 113 located behind the heating means 111 in the movement direction of the quenching means 110 (the positive direction side of the X axis) is used.
- the cooling means 112 on the front side of the heating means 111 (the negative direction side of the X axis) is not operated.
- the bending tube 120 and the copying gauge 150 are fixed as described above, and the quenching means 110 and the guide portion 190 are moved in the X-axis direction.
- the hardening means 110 and the guide portion 190 may be fixed, and the bending tube 120 and the copying gauge 150 may be moved.
- the positional relationship between the bent tube 120 and the heating unit 111 can be strictly controlled by simple mechanical means. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the copying gauge 150 with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the first device 100 can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- Second Embodiment an example of a quenching apparatus according to another embodiment of the above-described first invention apparatus (hereinafter also referred to as “second apparatus”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
- second apparatus the case where the bending of the bent pipe is three-dimensional will be described.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are a perspective view as seen from the front side and a perspective view as seen from the back side, respectively, showing the entire contents of the second device 200.
- the second device 200 basically has the same configuration as the first device 100 except that it has a mechanism that enables copying in the Z-axis direction because the bending of the bent tube is three-dimensional as described above. Have Therefore, in the following description, a configuration different from the first device 100 will be described in detail, and a description of a configuration similar to the first device 100 may be omitted.
- the scanning gauge 150 used in the second device 200 has a three-dimensional bend, unlike the plate-shaped scanning gauge 150 specialized for the two-dimensional bending used in the first device 100, both end portions thereof are used. Is supported and fixed by holders 151 and 152.
- the slider 166 and the pantograph 167 are disposed on the base 165 ′ referred to in the first apparatus 100, and the control is performed thereon. Means 140 was placed.
- the slider 166 and the pantograph 167 are mechanisms that allow vertical movement (Z-axis direction) but not horizontal movement (movement in the XY plane), and provide driving force in the Z-axis direction. Not what you want. Accordingly, the copying unit 160 in the second apparatus 200 is movable in all directions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.
- the second device 200 reduces the load applied to the copying unit 160 due to the mass of the control unit 140, and smoothes the movement of the copying unit 160 in the Z-axis direction.
- a mechanism for the suspension is provided.
- the second device 200 includes a frame 170, and a guide rail 171 parallel to the X-axis direction is provided on the upper portion of the frame 170. Further, another guide rail 172 that engages with the guide rail 171 and is movable in the X-axis direction is placed. This guide rail 172 is a guide rail parallel to the Y-axis direction. In addition, four pulleys (pulleys) 174 are disposed at the four corners of the base 173 that can engage with the guide rail 172 and move in the Y-axis direction. Wires 175 are hung on these pulleys 174, and control means 140 (a plate on the lower surface thereof) is connected to one end thereof, and a weight 176 is connected to the other end thereof.
- control means 140 a plate on the lower surface thereof
- the control unit 140 Since the mass of the control unit 140 and the mass of the weight 176 are balanced by the mechanism as described above, the control unit 140 is moved by the movement of the guide unit 190 that traces the copying gauge 150 even though the control unit 140 has a large mass.
- the copying unit 160 and the quenching unit 110 including 140 can be smoothly moved in all directions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.
- a rail or the like for regulating the movement of the weight 176 in the vertical direction may be further provided.
- the first apparatus 100 assumes a quenching process for the bent pipe 120 having a two-dimensional bend
- the second apparatus 200 assumes a quenching process for the bent pipe 120 having a three-dimensional bend. It is a thing. Therefore, unlike the guide unit 190 of the first device 100, the guide unit 190 of the second device 200 needs to accurately trace the scanning gauge 150 having a three-dimensional bend as described above. Accordingly, as the scanning gauge 150 used by the second device 200, generally, a scanning gauge 150 having the same shape as the bent pipe 120 to be subjected to the quenching process is used.
- the guide unit 190 of the second device 200 also needs to be configured to accurately trace a three-dimensional shape change.
- the guide unit 190 illustrated in FIG. 11 includes a roller 193 a rotatably attached to a shaft 192 a provided on a stay 194 a attached to the holding member 191, and a stay 194 b attached to the holding member 191.
- the rollers 193b and 193c are rotatably mounted on the shaft 192b and the shaft 192c, respectively.
- the upper limit position of the receiving portion of the support member that supports the bent pipe 120 can be individually controlled according to the holding posture of the bent pipe 120.
- the positional relationship between the bending tube 120 and the heating unit 111 can be strictly controlled by simple mechanical means even for the bending tube 120 having a three-dimensional bend. Is possible. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the copying gauge 150 with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the first device 100 can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- the quenching apparatus passes through the positional relationship between the bending pipe as the workpiece and the heating apparatus (for example, through an induction heating coil as the heating apparatus).
- the heating apparatus for example, through an induction heating coil as the heating apparatus.
- an adjuster mechanism or the like for changing the deviation between the axis of the bent pipe and the axis of the induction heating coil.
- FIG. 12 shows the structure of the long member 1 having a hat-shaped cross section as a workpiece to be subjected to quenching by the third device.
- (A) is a perspective view of the long member 1
- (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane (a plane parallel to the YZ plane) orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the long member 1.
- the long member 1 includes one top plate portion 2, two side wall portions 3, and two flange portions 4.
- the two side wall portions 3 extend from both ends of the top plate portion 2 to the same main surface side of the two main surfaces of the top plate portion 2 (in the negative direction side of the Z axis in this example).
- the two flange portions 4 are opposite to the top plate portion 2 with respect to the side wall portion 3 (Y-axis) from the end portions of the two side wall portions 3 opposite to the top plate portion 2 (the negative direction side of the Z axis). Respectively in the positive direction side and the negative direction side).
- the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the long member 1 has a hat-like shape.
- the long member 1 includes two first corner portions 5 (thick solid lines and black circles) that are two corner portions where the flange portion 4 and the side wall portion 3 intersect, and the side wall portion 3 and the top plate portion 2 intersect. And two second corners 6 (thick broken lines and white circles) which are two corners.
- the long member 1 having such a structure can be formed, for example, by subjecting an ultra-high strength steel plate to press working.
- the example which the angle which the top plate part 2 and the side wall part 3 make, and the angle which the side wall part 3 and the flange part 4 make are all right angle was shown.
- all or some of these angles need not be perpendicular.
- the top plate portion 2 and the side wall portion 3 may intersect at an angle such that the two side wall portions 3 move away from each other or approach each other as the distance from the top plate portion 2 increases.
- the side wall part 3 and the flange part 4 may intersect at an angle such that the flange part 4 moves away from the top plate part 2 or approaches in the opposite direction as the distance from the side wall part 3 increases.
- FIG. 12 an example in which the axis in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the long member 1 is not bent in order to facilitate understanding of the structure of the long member 1 having a hat-shaped cross section. showed that.
- the longitudinal axis of the long member 1 can be bent two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally depending on the application of the long member 1 or the like.
- a case where the longitudinal axis of the long member 1 is two-dimensionally bent in the XY plane will be described.
- the third device is basically the same configuration as the first device 100 except that the long member as the workpiece to be subjected to the quenching process is a long member having a hat-shaped cross section instead of a bent pipe.
- the long member as the workpiece to be subjected to the quenching process is a long member having a hat-shaped cross section instead of a bent pipe.
- the third apparatus is a quenching process in the long member 1 having a hat-shaped cross section and having a longitudinal axis bent only two-dimensionally (that is, in the XY plane).
- a quenching process is partially applied only to the corner region of the hat-shaped cross section while reducing distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the long member.
- the third device performs a quenching process on all the regions (corner region) in the vicinity of the four corners in total, that is, the two first corner portions 5 and the two second corner portions 6.
- all four corners including the two first corners 5 and the two second corners 6 are corners (target corners) to be subjected to quenching processing. .
- the quenching means 110 included in the third device includes two quenching units arranged so as to face the two first corners 5 of the long member 1 with a predetermined gap therebetween. It comprises a quenching means 110a and two quenching means 110b respectively disposed so as to face the two second corners 6 of the long member 1 at a predetermined interval.
- the two quenching means 110a are fixed to the connecting member 161a with a gap so as to face each of the two first corners 5 with a predetermined gap.
- the two quenching means 110b are fixed to the connecting member 161b with an interval so as to face each of the two second corner portions 6 with a predetermined interval.
- the two coupling members 161a and 161b are divided into two quenching means 110a and two quenching means 110b according to the difference in position between the first corner portion 5 and the second corner portion 6 in the Z-axis direction.
- the two first corner portions 5 and the two second corner portions 6 are connected to each other by a further connecting member 161c so as to face each other with a predetermined interval.
- the connecting member 161c has a curved shape in the YZ plane so as not to interfere with the long member 1 during the quenching process.
- the conveying means 130 can relatively move the long member 1 as a workpiece and the quenching means 110. That is, in the third device, it is possible to perform the quenching process on all the regions in the vicinity of the four target corners (target corner regions).
- the configuration for moving the elongate member 1 and the quenching means 110 relative to each other by the conveying means 130 and the operation thereof are basically the same as those of the first apparatus described above, and therefore the detailed description here. Description is omitted.
- each quenching means 110a includes a heating means 7 on the front side and a cooling means 8 on the rear side in the traveling direction of the quenching means 110 with respect to the long member 1 (the positive direction of the X axis).
- each quenching means 110b includes a heating means 9 on the front side and a cooling means 10 on the rear side in the traveling direction of the quenching means 110 with respect to the long member 1.
- the quenching means 110a and 110b, the heating means 7 and 9 and the quenching means which are surfaces facing the target corners (two first corners 5 and two second corners 6) of the cooling means 8 and 10 are provided.
- the surface has a shape corresponding to (along) the shape of the target corner. That is, the “quenched surface” has a shape along the to-be-quenched surface that is the surface facing the heating means 7 and 9 and the cooling means 8 and 10 at the target corner.
- the quenching surface of the quenching means of the third device is configured to be a substantially L-shaped bent surface that sandwiches the target corner from the outside.
- the third device also includes a copying gauge and copying means.
- the copying gauge is a member having a shape corresponding to the shape of the ridge line formed by the target corners of the long member 1 and held in the same posture as the long member 1.
- the copying means moves relative to the long member 1 and the scanning gauge not only in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the long member 1 and the scanning gauge but also in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction). It is a member configured to be possible. Since the configuration and operation of the copying gauge and the copying means are basically the same as those of the first apparatus described above, detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the guide unit 190 moves along the scanning gauge also in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the long member 1 and the scanning gauge, so that the quenching means 110 includes the target corner portion of the long member 1. Move along the ridgeline shape with high accuracy. That is, according to the third apparatus, the area (objects) in the vicinity of the four object corners of the hat-shaped cross-section is controlled while strictly controlling the positional relationship between the long member 1 and the quenching means 110 by simple mechanical means. It is possible to perform a quenching process on all of the corner regions. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the scanning gauge with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the third device can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- the individual quenching means 110a and 110b included in the third device are the heating means 7 and 9 on the front side in the traveling direction of the quenching means 110 with respect to the long member 1 (the positive direction of the X axis).
- cooling means 8 and 10 are provided on the rear side.
- the quenching means 110a and 110b can include the second cooling means 8 and 10 not only on the rear side but also on the front side of the heating means 7 and 9, respectively. According to this, not only when the quenching means 110a and 110b are moved in one direction in the longitudinal direction of the long member 1, but also when the quenching means 110a and 110b are moved in the opposite direction, the quenching process is performed. (Or tempering treatment) can be performed. As a result, the efficiency of the quenching process of the long member 1 by the third device can be significantly increased.
- all four corners including the two first corners 5 and the two second corners 6 are the target corners for the quenching process by the third device.
- the target corners for the quenching process by the third device.
- only a part of the four corners can be set as the target corners. According to this, all or a part of the four corners can be divided into a plurality of times and sequentially subjected to a quenching process.
- the quenching means 110a capable of quenching the two first corners 5 is fixed to the arm 161, and the two first corners are fixed. Quenching treatment can be applied to only one or both of the five.
- the quenching means 110b capable of quenching the two second corners 6 is fixed to the arm 161, and the two second corners are fixed. The quenching process can be performed only on one or both of the parts 6. Further, by combining these quenching processes, all or part of the four corners can be divided into a plurality of times and sequentially subjected to the quenching process.
- two quenching means 110a and 110b are arranged on both the front side (the Y axis positive direction side) and the back side (the Y axis negative direction side). It is installed. However, only one of these two quenching means 110a and 110b is provided so that only one corner of the four corners can be individually quenched.
- the quenching means 110 may be configured. According to this, for example, even when the width (dimension in the Y-axis direction) of the top plate portion 2 is not constant, each corner portion can be individually quenched.
- the two quenching means 110a and 110b are fixed to the connecting members 161a and 161b at regular intervals, respectively.
- the two quenching means 110a and 110b are attached to the connecting members 161a and 161b so as to be independently movable in the Y-axis direction, and the rollers 193a and 193b included in the guide portion 190 are in the Y-axis direction with respect to the holding member 191.
- the second plate is provided so that each of the pair of the quenching means and the roller is individually movable. It can also comprise so that a quenching process can be simultaneously performed with respect to the 1 corner
- the fourth device basically has the same configuration as the third device, except that the elongate member 1 is three-dimensionally bent and has a mechanism that enables copying in the Z-axis direction. Have Therefore, in the following description, the configuration different from the third device will be described in detail, and the description of the same configuration as the third device may be omitted.
- the elongate member 1 which is a workpiece to be subjected to the quenching process by the fourth device has a three-dimensional bend, it specializes in the two-dimensional bend used in the first device (and the third device).
- the long member 1 itself is adopted as a copying gauge, and both ends thereof are supported and fixed by holders (151 and 152).
- the copying unit in the fourth apparatus needs to be movable in the Z-axis direction, and has the same configuration as the copying unit 160 in the second apparatus 100 described above. That is, the copying means in the fourth device can move in all directions of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.
- the guide portion of the fourth device also needs to be configured so as to be able to accurately trace the change in the three-dimensional shape, and abuts on the copying gauge 150 from at least three directions. Is desirable.
- the guide unit 190 of the fourth device rotates on shafts 192a, 192b, and 192c provided on stays 194a, 194b, and 194c attached to the holding member 191. It is constituted by rollers 193a, 193b and 193c which are attached in a possible manner.
- the guide portion 190 is biased downward (in the negative direction of the Z axis) by a biasing means (not shown). As a result, the guide portion 190 can accurately trace the bending of the long member 1 in the Z-axis direction.
- the guide portion 190 may be configured such that the rollers 193a, 193b, and 193c come into contact with the copying gauge 150 from the back side (inside) of the hat-shaped cross section. Also in this case, the guide portion 190 is accurately traced even with respect to bending of the long member 1 in the Z-axis direction by being biased downward (negative direction of the Z-axis) by a biasing means (not shown). Can do.
- the positional relationship between the long member 1 and the heating unit 110 can be strictly controlled by simple mechanical means even for the long member 1 having a three-dimensional bend. Is possible. Furthermore, the changeover can be easily handled by replacing the copying gauge 150 with one corresponding to a new workpiece. In addition, since such a simple mechanical means is used, the fourth device can simultaneously achieve low cost and space saving as compared with the case of using an industrial robot.
- the quenching means 110 shown in FIG. 13 the quenching means 110a on the back side of the long member 1 and the quenching means 110b on the front side are spaced apart from the connecting member 161c via the connecting members 161a and 161b. Is fixed. However, the back side quenching means 110a and the front side quenching means 110b are attached to the connecting member 161c so as to be independently movable in the Z-axis direction, and the first corner portion 5 and the second corner portion 6 in the Z-axis direction are attached.
- a roller whose position can be traced is attached to the holding member 191 so as to be independently movable in the Z-axis direction, and a separate copying means 160 is provided for each pair of the corresponding quenching means and the roller.
- a separate copying means 160 is provided for each pair of the corresponding quenching means and the roller.
- the long member 1 is baked using the long member quenching device (second inventive device) having a hat-shaped cross section according to the present invention including the third device and the fourth device described above.
- This is a method of quenching a long member to be subjected to a pouring process. Therefore, in the second method, the long member 1 and the quenching means 110 are relatively moved in the longitudinal direction by relatively moving the long member 1 and the copying means by the conveying means in the second invention apparatus.
- a quenching step is performed in which the target corner is cooled by the cooling unit after the target corner is heated by the heating unit, and the target corner is quenched.
- the target corner includes both the two first corners 5 and the two second corners 6.
- the quenching step includes a first step of performing a quenching process on the two first corners and a second step of performing a quenching process on the two second corners. Since the details of the quenching process in the first step and the second step have already been described with respect to the second invention apparatus, a description thereof will be omitted here.
- the first step and the second step in the quenching step may be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
- the long member 1 is fixed in a predetermined posture and the quenching means 110 is moved.
- the quenching means 110a facing the two first corners 5 located on the back side of the long member 1 and the two second corners 6 located on the front side of the long member 1 are opposed. It is assumed that a quenching device configured to be able to individually move the quenching means 110b to be performed is used.
- the long member 1 is fixed in a predetermined posture by a jig (not shown) (for example, chucks 121 and 122), and quenching means 110a (heating means 7 and cooling means 8). And 110b (heating means 9 and cooling means 10) were made to stand by at the end in the negative direction of the X axis. Thereafter, since each quenching means moves in the positive direction of the X axis, the heating means 7 and the heating means 9 are respectively arranged behind the cooling means 8 and the cooling means 10 (the negative direction side of the X axis). .
- the quenching means 110a (the heating means 7 and the cooling means 8) in the positive direction of the X axis
- the two second members of the long member 1 are moved.
- Quenching treatment was performed over the entire length of the corner portion 5. That is, the first step was executed.
- distortion occurs in the longitudinal axis of the long member 1 so that the front side (the positive direction side of the Z axis) of the long member 1 is convex, and the outer end portion of the flange portion 4 (The end opposite to the side wall 3) was inclined downward (in the negative direction of the Z axis).
- the long member is formed so that the front side (that is, the top plate side of the hat-shaped cross section) becomes convex by quenching the two first corners 5 in the first step. Even if distortion (warpage) occurs in the longitudinal axis of 1, the distortion (warpage) in the direction opposite to that in the first process is caused by the quenching process for the two second corners 6 by executing the next second process. appear. As a result, the distortion (warpage) generated in the first process is at least partially offset by the distortion (warpage) generated in the second process, and the distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the long member 1 is reduced. .
- the execution of the second process is started after the execution of the first process is completed.
- the second process is executed after the first process at each corner position in the longitudinal direction (X-axis direction) of the long member 1
- the execution of the second process is started before the completion of the first process. May be.
- the second step is started during the execution of the first step.
- the quenching means 110b is moved with a predetermined distance (predetermined time) behind the quenching means 110a.
- the execution of the second step is started while the first step is being executed as the entire quenching method while the second step is executed after the first step at each location of the target corner portion. Can do.
- the distortion (warpage) generated in the first step is generally small and not so great as to hinder the quenching process in the quenching apparatus using the scanning gauge as described above.
- the magnitude of distortion (warpage) generated in the first step is about ⁇ 0.5 mm, for example, whereas the distance between the long member 1 as a workpiece and the quenching means 110 is, for example, 3 to It is about 5 mm and relatively large. Therefore, even if the distortion (warp) as described above occurs in the first step, there is a low possibility that the long member 1 and the quenching means 110 interfere with each other during the quenching process.
- the distortion is caused. Heating spots and the like can also be reduced.
- the quenching means is held in the copying means movable along the shape of the copying gauge having the substantially same shape as the long member as the workpiece. This presupposes that the positional relationship between the workpiece and the quenching means (particularly the heating means) is strictly controlled.
- the long member after the quenching treatment is performed not only on the corner portion on the front side (top plate side) but also on the corner portion on the back side.
- the effect of reducing the distortion (warpage) of the longitudinal axis of the sheet can be achieved regardless of whether or not the positional relationship between the long member using the scanning gauge and the quenching means is controlled.
- a multi-axis robot multi-joint type industrial robot or the like holds a long member and / or a quenching means, and controls the positional relationship between the long member and the quenching means while controlling the positional relationship between the long member and the quenching means.
- the longitudinal axis of the long member after quenching is performed by performing quenching on the two first corners located on the back side of the two and the two second corners located on the front side of the long member. It is also possible to reduce the distortion (warpage).
- the width of the top plate and / or the height of the side wall is not constant.
- the member can also be flexibly handled, and the target corner can be accurately quenched.
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Abstract
Description
倣いゲージは、曲がり管の軸線形状と同一の軸線形状を有する部材である。即ち、倣いゲージは、曲がり管と略同一の形状を有する。典型的には、倣いゲージは、曲がり管と同一の形状を有する部材である。しかしながら、倣いゲージは、後述するガイド部(「倣い治具」とも称される)によってトレースされる形状が曲がり管の形状に合致している限り、必ずしも曲がり管と完全に同一の形状を有する必要は無い。例えば、曲がり管の屈曲が二次元的である場合、その屈曲に対応する二次元平面における倣いゲージの形状と曲がり管の形状とが同一であればよい。この場合、例えば、倣いゲージは上記二次元平面内による曲がり管の断面に対応する板状の部材であってもよい。このような倣いゲージは、例えば、ワークとしての曲がり管そのものであってもよく、或いは、切削加工等によって曲がり管とは別個に作製された部材であってもよい。
倣いゲージは、前記長尺部材の前記対象角部からなる稜線形状に対応する形状を有し且つ前記長尺部材と同一の姿勢にて保持された部材である。典型的には、倣いゲージは、ワークとしての長尺部材と同一の形状を有する部材である。しかしながら、倣いゲージは、所定の姿勢にて保持された状態において、後述するガイド部(「倣い治具」とも称される)によってトレースされることにより、対象角部の位置を特定することができる限り、必ずしも長尺部材と完全に同一の形状を有する必要は無い。このような倣いゲージは、例えば、ワークとしての長尺部材そのものであってもよく、或いは、切削加工等によって長尺部材とは別個に作製された部材であってもよい。
以下、上述した第1本発明装置の1つの実施形態に係る焼き入れ装置の一例(以下、「第1装置」とも称呼される。)」につき、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。本例においては、曲がり管の屈曲が二次元的である場合について説明する。
図1及び図2は、それぞれ第1装置100の全容を示す斜視図及び左側面図である。第1装置100は、焼き入れ手段110と、運搬手段130と、制御手段140と、を備える。尚、本例においては、サーボモータ131、ボールネジ132、ガイドレール133及び台座163によって運搬手段が構成されており、運搬手段としての番号「130」は図中に表示されていない。尚、第1装置100において、運搬手段130、制御手段140、倣いゲージ150及び倣い手段160は、ベース101の上に配置されている。
上記のような構成を有する第1装置100によって行われる焼き入れ処理につき、以下に詳しく説明する。
先ず、図3の平面図及び図4の正面図に示したように、焼き入れ手段110をX軸の負方向の端に待機させた。そして、ワークとしての曲がり管120を加熱手段111並びに冷却手段112及び113の中に通し、その両端をチャック121及び122によって保持(把持)した。この際、曲がり管120の端部に形成された切り欠き部をチャック121に形成された凸部に嵌合させることにより曲がり管120の姿勢を規定した。
次に、サーボモータ131を作動させてボールネジ132を回転させることにより、ガイドレール133に沿って台座163をX軸の正方向に向かって移動させた。この移動途中の状態を、図5の平面図及び図6の正面図に示した。図6に示したように、焼き入れ手段110の位置に応じて支承部材181乃至184のそれぞれが退避するので、前述したような焼き入れ手段110と支承部材との181乃至184との干渉が回避される。
上記のように、第1装置100によれば、簡便な機械的手段によって曲がり管120と加熱手段111との位置関係を厳密に制御することが可能である。更に、段替えに際しては、倣いゲージ150を新たなワークに対応したものに交換することにより容易に対応可能である。加えて、このように簡便な機械的手段を用いるので、第1装置100は、産業用ロボットを使用する場合と比較して、低コスト及び省スペースを同時に達成することが可能である。
以下、上述した第1本発明装置のもう1つの実施形態に係る焼き入れ装置の一例(以下、「第2装置」とも称呼される。)」につき、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。本例においては、曲がり管の屈曲が三次元的である場合について説明する。
図9及び図10は、それぞれ第2装置200の全容を示す正面側から見た斜視図及び背面側から見た斜視図である。第2装置200は、上記のように曲がり管の屈曲が三次元的であるためにZ軸方向における倣いを可能とする機構を有する点を除き、基本的には第1装置100と同様の構成を有する。従って、以下の説明においては、第1装置100とは異なる構成については詳しく説明し、第1装置100と同様の構成については説明を省略する場合がある。
焼き入れ処理における第2装置200の作動については、第1装置100の作動と基本的に同じであるので、ここでの説明は省略する。
上記のように、第2装置200によれば、三次元的な屈曲を有する曲がり管120についても、簡便な機械的手段によって曲がり管120と加熱手段111との位置関係を厳密に制御することが可能である。更に、段替えに際しては、倣いゲージ150を新たなワークに対応したものに交換することにより容易に対応可能である。加えて、このように簡便な機械的手段を用いるので、第1装置100は、産業用ロボットを使用する場合と比較して、低コスト及び省スペースを同時に達成することが可能である。
ところで、冒頭で述べたように、曲がり管と加熱手段とが相対的に移動する際に曲がり管と加熱手段との位置関係が偏ると曲がり管の焼き入れ処理が不均一となる虞がある。しかしながら、例えば、焼き入れ処理済みの曲がり管の形状が所望の形状に対して僅かにずれている場合等において、曲がり管と加熱手段との位置関係を意図的に偏らせることにより、上記形状のずれを補正することができる場合がある。
以下、上述した第2本発明装置の1つの実施形態に係る焼き入れ装置の一例(以下、「第3装置」とも称呼される。)」につき、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。
先ず、第3装置による焼き入れ処理の対象であるワークとしてのハット状断面を有する長尺部材1の構造を図12に示す。(a)は長尺部材1の斜視図であり、(b)は長尺部材1の長手方向(X軸方向)に直交する平面(Y-Z平面に平行な平面)による断面図である。
第3装置は、焼き入れ処理を施す対象であるワークとしての長尺部材が曲がり管ではなくハット状断面を有する長尺部材である点を除き、基本的には第1装置100と同様の構成を有する。従って、以下の説明においては、第1装置100とは異なる構成については詳しく説明し、第1装置100と同様の構成については説明を省略する場合がある。
そこで、図13に示すように、第3装置が備える焼き入れ手段110は、長尺部材1の2つの第1角部5に所定の間隔を空けて対向するようにそれぞれ配置された2つの焼き入れ手段110aと、長尺部材1の2つの第2角部6に所定の間隔を空けて対向するようにそれぞれ配置された2つの焼き入れ手段110bと、を備える。2つの焼き入れ手段110aは、2つの第1角部5のそれぞれに所定の間隔を空けて対向するように間隔を空けて、連結部材161aに固定されている。同様に、2つの焼き入れ手段110bは、2つの第2角部6のそれぞれに所定の間隔を空けて対向するように間隔を空けて、連結部材161bに固定されている。
第3装置もまた、倣いゲージと、倣い手段と、を更に備える。倣いゲージは、長尺部材1の対象角部からなる稜線形状に対応する形状を有し且つ長尺部材1と同一の姿勢にて保持された部材である。倣い手段は、長尺部材1及び倣いゲージの長手方向(X軸方向)のみならず同長手方向に直交する方向(Y軸方向)においても長尺部材1及び倣いゲージに対して相対的に移動可能に構成された部材である。倣いゲージ及び倣い手段の構成及び作動については、前述した第1装置と基本的に同様であるので、ここでの詳細な説明は省略する。
上記によれば、ガイド部190が倣いゲージに沿って長尺部材1及び倣いゲージの長手方向に直交する方向にも移動することにより、焼き入れ手段110が長尺部材1の対象角部からなる稜線形状に精度良く沿って移動する。即ち、第3装置によれば、簡便な機械的手段によって長尺部材1と焼き入れ手段110との位置関係を厳密に制御しながら、ハット状断面の4つの対象角部の近傍の領域(対象角部領域)の全てに対して焼き入れ処理を施すことが可能である。更に、段替えに際しては、倣いゲージを新たなワークに対応したものに交換することにより容易に対応可能である。加えて、このように簡便な機械的手段を用いるので、第3装置は、産業用ロボットを使用する場合と比較して、低コスト及び省スペースを同時に達成することが可能である。
ところで、上述したように、第3装置が備える個々の焼き入れ手段110a及び110bは、長尺部材1に対する焼き入れ手段110の進行方向(X軸の正方向)において、前側に加熱手段7及び9を、後ろ側に冷却手段8及び10を、それぞれ備える。しかしながら、焼き入れ手段110a及び110bは、加熱手段7及び9の後ろ側のみならず前側にも第2の冷却手段8及び10をそれぞれ備え得る。これによれば、長尺部材1の長手方向において焼き入れ手段110a及び110bを一方向に移動させるときのみならず、その逆方向に焼き入れ手段110a及び110bを移動させるときにも、焼き入れ処理(又は焼き戻し処理)を行うことができる。その結果、第3装置による長尺部材1の焼き入れ処理の効率を大幅に高めることができる。
以下、上述した第2本発明装置のもう1つの実施形態に係る焼き入れ装置の一例(以下、「第4装置」とも称呼される。)」につき、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。本例においては、長尺部材1の屈曲が三次元的である場合について説明する。
第4装置は、上記のように長尺部材1の屈曲が三次元的であるためにZ軸方向における倣いを可能とする機構を有する点を除き、基本的には第3装置と同様の構成を有する。従って、以下の説明においては、第3装置とは異なる構成については詳しく説明し、第3装置と同様の構成については説明を省略する場合がある。
焼き入れ処理における第4装置の作動については、第1装置100(及び第3装置)の作動と基本的に同じであるので、ここでの説明は省略する。
上記のように、第4装置によれば、三次元的な屈曲を有する長尺部材1についても、簡便な機械的手段によって長尺部材1と加熱手段110との位置関係を厳密に制御することが可能である。更に、段替えに際しては、倣いゲージ150を新たなワークに対応したものに交換することにより容易に対応可能である。加えて、このように簡便な機械的手段を用いるので、第4装置は、産業用ロボットを使用する場合と比較して、低コスト及び省スペースを同時に達成することが可能である。
図13に示した焼き入れ手段110においては、長尺部材1の裏側の焼き入れ手段110a及び表側の焼き入れ手段110bが連結部材161a及び161bを介して連結部材161cに対してそれぞれ一定の間隔にて固定されている。しかしながら、裏側の焼き入れ手段110a及び表側の焼き入れ手段110bが連結部材161cに対してZ軸方向においてそれぞれ独立に移動可能に取り付け、第1角部5及び第2角部6のZ軸方向における位置をトレースすることが可能なローラを保持部材191に対してZ軸方向においてそれぞれ独立に移動可能に取り付け、更に対応する焼き入れ手段と上記ローラとの対のそれぞれに個別の倣い手段160を設けることにより、側壁部3の高さ(Z軸方向における寸法)が一定ではない場合においても2つの第1角部5及び2つの第2角部6に対して同時に焼き入れ処理を施すことができるように構成することもできる。
以下、上述した第2本発明方法の1つの実施形態に係る焼き入れ方法の一例(以下、「第2方法」とも称呼される。)」につき、図面を参照しながら詳しく説明する。
第2方法は、上述した第3装置及び第4装置を始めとする本発明に係るハット状断面を有する長尺部材の焼き入れ装置(第2本発明装置)を用いて長尺部材1に焼き入れ処理を施す長尺部材の焼き入れ方法である。従って、第2方法は、第2本発明装置において、運搬手段により長尺部材1と倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより、長尺部材1と焼き入れ手段110とを長手方向において相対的に移動させながら、加熱手段によって対象角部を加熱した後に冷却手段によって対象角部を冷却することにより、対象角部に焼き入れ処理を施す焼き入れ工程を含む。
上記のように、第2方法によれば、第1工程における2つの第1角部5に対する焼き入れ処理により表側(即ち、ハット状断面の天板側)が凸状になるように長尺部材1の長手方向の軸に歪み(反り)が発生しても、次の第2工程の実行により2つの第2角部6に対する焼き入れ処理により第1工程とは反対方向の歪み(反り)が発生する。その結果、第1工程において発生した歪み(反り)が第2工程において発生した歪み(反り)によって少なくとも部分的に相殺され、長尺部材1の長手方向の軸の歪み(反り)が低減される。
上記のように、第2方法においては、第1工程の実行が完了した後に第2工程の実行を開始した。しかしながら、長尺部材1の長手方向(X軸方向)における角部の個々の位置において第1工程の後に第2工程が実行される限り、第1工程の完了前に第2工程の実行を開始してもよい。この場合、焼き入れ方法全体としては、第1工程の実行中に第2工程が開始されることとなる。具体的には、例えば、上記第2方法において、焼き入れ手段110aよりも所定距離(所定時間)遅れて焼き入れ手段110bを移動させる。これにより、対象角部の個々の箇所においては第1工程の後に第2工程を実行しつつ、焼き入れ方法全体としては第1工程を実行している途中に第2工程の実行を開始することができる。
ところで、これまで説明してきた本発明の各種実施形態は何れも、ワークとしての長尺部材と実質的に同一の形状を有する倣いゲージの形状に沿って移動可能な倣い手段に焼き入れ手段を保持することによりワークと焼き入れ手段(特に加熱手段)との位置関係を厳密に制御することを前提としていた。
Claims (11)
- 加熱手段及び冷却手段を含む焼き入れ手段と、
ワークとしての曲がり管と前記焼き入れ手段とを相対的に移動させる運搬手段と、
前記運搬手段によって相対的に移動された前記曲がり管と前記焼き入れ手段とが所定の位置関係となったときに、前記加熱手段によって前記曲がり管を加熱し、その後、前記冷却手段によって前記曲がり管を冷却することにより、前記曲がり管の少なくとも一部に焼き入れ処理を施す制御手段と、
を備える、曲がり管の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記曲がり管の軸線形状と同一の軸線形状を有し且つ前記曲がり管と同一の姿勢にて保持された部材である倣いゲージと、
前記曲がり管及び前記倣いゲージの長手方向のみならず前記長手方向に直交する方向においても前記曲がり管及び前記倣いゲージに対して相対的に移動可能に構成された部材である倣い手段と、
を更に備え、
前記倣いゲージに沿って摺動可能に係合するガイド部が前記倣い手段の一端に保持されており、
前記焼き入れ手段が前記倣い手段の他端に保持されており、
前記運搬手段が、前記曲がり管と前記倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより前記曲がり管と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長手方向において相対的に移動させる、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項1に記載の焼き入れ装置であって
前記制御手段が前記倣い手段に保持されている、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項2に記載の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記制御手段と連結されて前記制御手段の重さと少なくとも部分的に釣り合うように配設された重りを更に備える、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1項に記載の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記曲がり管を下方から支承可能であると共に下方へ退避可能な複数の支承部材を更に備え、
前記複数の支承部材が、前記曲がり管の前記長手方向に沿って間隔を空けて配置されている、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項4に記載の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記複数の支承部材のそれぞれが、前記焼き入れ手段が所定の距離以内に接近しているときには下方へ退避し、前記焼き入れ手段が所定の距離以内に接近していないときには前記曲がり管を下方から支承する、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項5の何れか1項に記載の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記焼き入れ手段が、前記長手方向において前記加熱手段の両側に冷却手段をそれぞれ備える、
焼き入れ装置。 - 加熱手段及び冷却手段を含む焼き入れ手段と、
天板部、前記天板部の両端から前記天板部の2つの主面のうちの同じ一方の主面側にそれぞれ延在する2つの側壁部、及び前記2つの側壁部の前記天板部とは反対側の端部から前記側壁部に対して前記天板部とは反対側にそれぞれ延在する2つのフランジ部からなるハット状断面を有する長尺部材と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長尺部材の長手方向において相対的に移動させる運搬手段と、
前記加熱手段によって前記長尺部材を加熱し、その後、前記冷却手段によって前記長尺部材を冷却することにより、前記長尺部材の少なくとも一部に焼き入れ処理を施す制御手段と、
を備える、長尺部材の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記焼き入れ手段は、前記フランジ部と前記側壁部とが交わる2つの角部である2つの第1角部及び前記側壁部と前記天板部とが交わる2つの角部である2つの第2角部のうちの少なくとも何れか1つの角部である対象角部に所定の間隔を空けて対向するように配置されており、
前記長尺部材の前記対象角部からなる稜線形状に対応する形状を有し且つ前記長尺部材と同一の姿勢にて保持された部材である倣いゲージと、
前記長尺部材及び前記倣いゲージの長手方向のみならず前記長手方向に直交する方向においても前記長尺部材及び前記倣いゲージに対して相対的に移動可能に構成された部材である倣い手段と、
を更に備え、
前記倣いゲージに沿って摺動可能に係合するガイド部が前記倣い手段の一端に保持されており、
前記焼き入れ手段が前記倣い手段の他端に保持されており、
前記運搬手段が、前記長尺部材と前記倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより前記長尺部材と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長手方向において相対的に移動させる、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項7に記載の焼き入れ装置であって、
前記加熱手段及び前記冷却手段の前記対象角部に対向する面である焼き入れ面は、前記対象角部の前記加熱手段及び前記冷却手段に対向する面である被焼き入れ面に沿った形状を有する、
焼き入れ装置。 - 請求項7又は請求項8に記載の焼き入れ装置を用いて前記長尺部材に焼き入れ処理を施す長尺部材の焼き入れ方法であって、
前記運搬手段により前記長尺部材と前記倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより前記長尺部材と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長手方向において相対的に移動させながら前記加熱手段によって前記対象角部を加熱した後に前記冷却手段によって前記対象角部を冷却することにより前記対象角部に焼き入れ処理を施す焼き入れ工程を含む、
焼き入れ方法。 - 請求項9に記載の焼き入れ方法であって、
前記対象角部は、前記2つの第1角部及び前記2つの第2角部の両方を含み、
前記焼き入れ工程は、
前記運搬手段により前記長尺部材と前記倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより前記長尺部材と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長手方向において相対的に移動させながら前記加熱手段によって前記2つの第1角部を加熱した後に前記冷却手段によって前記2つの第1角部を冷却することにより前記2つの第1角部に焼き入れ処理を施す第1工程と、
前記運搬手段により前記長尺部材と前記倣い手段とを相対的に移動させることにより前記長尺部材と前記焼き入れ手段とを前記長手方向において相対的に移動させながら前記加熱手段によって前記2つの第2角部を加熱した後に前記冷却手段によって前記2つの第2角部を冷却することにより前記2つの第2角部に焼き入れ処理を施す第2工程と、
を含む、
焼き入れ方法。 - 請求項10に記載の焼き入れ方法であって、
前記焼き入れ工程において、前記第1工程を実行した後に前記第2工程を実行する、
焼き入れ方法。
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| JP2023527120A (ja) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-06-27 | オートテック・エンジニアリング・ソシエダッド・リミターダ | 変形補償のためのシステムおよび方法 |
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| US10662490B2 (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2020-05-26 | Sango Co., Ltd. | Hardening apparatus for a long member, and a hardening method for a long member |
| CN112238350B (zh) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-04-27 | 源创(广州)智能科技有限公司 | 一种全自动头枕管生产线及头枕管生产方法 |
| CN115125384B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-07-14 | 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 | 一种高精度变截面管类零件热处理自校正方法 |
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| US20180142315A1 (en) | 2018-05-24 |
| JPWO2016194627A1 (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
| JP6393419B2 (ja) | 2018-09-19 |
| US10662490B2 (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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