WO2016194654A1 - 固体撮像素子 - Google Patents
固体撮像素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016194654A1 WO2016194654A1 PCT/JP2016/065024 JP2016065024W WO2016194654A1 WO 2016194654 A1 WO2016194654 A1 WO 2016194654A1 JP 2016065024 W JP2016065024 W JP 2016065024W WO 2016194654 A1 WO2016194654 A1 WO 2016194654A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/113—Anti-reflection coatings using inorganic layer materials only
- G02B1/115—Multilayers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/61—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise the noise originating only from the lens unit, e.g. flare, shading, vignetting or "cos4"
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/62—Detection or reduction of noise due to excess charges produced by the exposure, e.g. smear, blooming, ghost image, crosstalk or leakage between pixels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/024—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of coatings or optical elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/182—Colour image sensors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8057—Optical shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
- H10F39/8063—Microlenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Definitions
- the present technology relates to a solid-state imaging device, and more particularly, to a solid-state imaging device that can suppress reflection of incident light in a wide wavelength band.
- the solid-state imaging device is required to be small and have a large number of pixels. For this reason, pixels are being reduced. However, while the sensitivity is reduced as the pixels are reduced, it is required to improve the sensitivity by compensating for the sensitivity reduction due to the reduction of the aperture ratio. In such a solid-state imaging device, since incident light is reflected on the surface of the Si substrate, the intensity of light reaching the light receiving unit is lost, sensitivity is lowered, and flare and light are caused by incident light from an unintended optical path. Had a ghost.
- the reflectance cannot be sufficiently reduced unless a thickness of at least about 100 nm can be secured.
- the present technology has been made in view of such a situation, and in particular, by applying the principle of interference by a thin film to the surface of a Si substrate, it is possible to suppress reflection of incident light in a wide wavelength band. is there.
- a solid-state imaging device has a substrate having a photoelectric conversion unit that generates a pixel signal corresponding to the amount of incident light by photoelectric conversion in units of pixels, and an incident light incident direction with respect to the substrate.
- a reflectance adjusting layer provided on the substrate for adjusting the reflection of the incident light on the substrate; and an environmental medium provided on the reflectance adjusting layer, wherein the reflectance adjusting layer is provided on the substrate.
- the second layer is made of a material having a refractive index lower than that of the first layer, and the refractive index of the substrate is the first layer.
- the refractive index of the first layer is higher than the refractive index of the second layer.
- Higher, the refractive index of the second layer is a high solid-state image pickup device than the refractive index of the environment medium.
- the product of the refractive index of the first layer and the thickness of the first layer can be smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the first layer is composed of a plurality of layers, and the refractive index of each layer of the plurality of layers has a high refractive index of a layer close to the substrate between adjacent layers, and a difference in refractive index of each layer is a predetermined value.
- the product of the refractive index and the thickness is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light, and the difference in refractive index between the layers is less than a predetermined value. Is lower, the sum of the product of the refractive index and the thickness of each of the plurality of layers can be made smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the product of the refractive index of the second layer and the thickness of the second layer can be smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the second layer is composed of a plurality of layers, and the refractive index of each layer of the plurality of layers is such that the refractive index of the layer close to the substrate is high between adjacent layers, and the difference in refractive index of the layers is a predetermined value.
- the product of the refractive index and the thickness is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light, and the difference in refractive index between the layers is less than a predetermined value. Is lower, the sum of the product of the refractive index and the thickness of each of the plurality of layers can be made smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the refractive index of the first layer is the volume ratio of the refractive index of the convex part in the concave-convex structure in the first layer made of the same material as the substrate and the concave part filled with the low refractive index material.
- the substrate can include Si and InGaAs, and the material filled in the recess of the first layer includes Hf, Al, Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb, Y, and Sr.
- An oxide film including at least one kind or a nitride film can be included, and the environmental medium can include a lens, a color filter, and an oxide film.
- the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer can include SiN, HfO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, TiO2, Al2O3, and ZrO2.
- the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer can be the same as the material of the second layer.
- the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer can be the high dielectric constant material.
- the concavo-convex structure provided on the substrate can be configured by photolithography or etching using a self-assembled material (DSA: Directed Self Self Assembly).
- DSA Directed Self Self Assembly
- the boundary of the pixel unit can include an oxide film boundary portion made of an oxide film.
- the pixel can include an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- the metal can contain tungsten.
- the pixel can include an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- a light-shielding material that is made of the same metal as the metal boundary portion and shields incident light to adjacent pixels so as to surround the pixel in a direction opposite to the incident direction of the incident light, which is a boundary of the pixel unit. Parts can be included.
- the pixel can include an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- a substrate having a photoelectric conversion unit that generates a pixel signal corresponding to the amount of incident light by photoelectric conversion in units of pixels, and the substrate on which the incident light is incident on the substrate A solid-state imaging device including a reflectance adjustment layer for adjusting reflection of the incident light on the substrate and an environmental medium provided on the reflectance adjustment layer, wherein the reflectance adjustment layer includes A first layer formed on the substrate and a second layer formed on the first layer, wherein the first layer has a concavo-convex structure provided on the substrate, and a concave portion on the concavo-convex structure
- the second layer is composed of a material having a refractive index lower than that of the first layer, and the refractive index of the substrate is The refractive index of the first layer is higher than the refractive index of the first layer, Serial higher than the refractive index of the second layer, the refractive index of the second layer is higher than the refractive index of the environment medium.
- reflection of incident light in a wide wavelength band can be suppressed.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a manufacturing method of the configuration of FIG. 2 in the solid-state imaging device of FIG. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the wavelength of the conventional incident light, and a reflectance. It is a figure explaining the relationship between the wavelength of incident light when using the structure of FIG. 2, and a reflectance. It is a figure explaining the structural example of 2nd Embodiment of the solid-state image sensor to which this technique is applied.
- FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration example of an embodiment of a solid-state imaging device to which the present technology is applied.
- a solid-state imaging device 11 in FIG. 1 includes a lens 31, a color filter 32, a planarization film 33, a light shielding film 34, an oxide film (SiO2) 35, an intermediate second layer 36, an intermediate first layer 37, and A Si substrate 38 is provided.
- the lens 31 condenses incident light on a photoelectric conversion element (not shown) provided for each pixel in the Si substrate 38.
- a photoelectric conversion element not shown
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which three pixels are arranged in the horizontal direction. Yes.
- the color filter 32 is a filter that transmits only light having a specific wavelength out of incident light. For example, light having a wavelength corresponding to any of RGB (red, green, and blue) is extracted, and the configuration of the latter stage Make it transparent.
- RGB red, green, and blue
- the flattening film 33 closely connects the color filter 32 and the oxide film 35.
- the light shielding film 34 is made of, for example, a metal film such as W (tungsten) and shields incident light to adjacent pixels to prevent crosstalk of incident light between pixels.
- the oxide film 35 electrically insulates adjacent pixels and prevents crosstalk of pixel signals between adjacent pixels.
- a boundary portion 35a made of the same material as the oxide film 35 provided in a trench provided at the boundary between the pixels is configured so that a pixel signal does not leak to pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction.
- the lens 31, the color filter 32, the planarization film 33, the light shielding film 34, and the oxide film 35 are collectively referred to as an environmental medium or an environmental medium layer for the following configurations.
- the intermediate first layer 37 and the intermediate second layer 36 form an intermediate layer composed of a pseudo-high refractive layer by two layers, and function as a reflectance adjustment layer that suppresses reflection on the Si substrate 38.
- the intermediate second layer 36 is made of the same material as that of the oxide film 35 and includes a boundary portion 36a so as to surround the boundary portion 35a provided at the boundary of the pixel unit. This boundary portion 35a is electrically insulated between the pixels, and crosstalk of pixel signals between adjacent pixels is suppressed.
- the reflectance adjustment layer which is a structure for suppressing the reflection of incident light indicated by the range surrounded by the dotted line in FIG. 1, has a configuration as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a reflectance adjustment layer, which is a structure for suppressing reflection of incident light, surrounded by a dotted line portion in the solid-state imaging device 11 of FIG.
- an oxide film 35, an intermediate second layer 36, an intermediate first layer 37, and an Si substrate 38 are provided from above.
- the intermediate second layer 36 and the intermediate first layer 37 function as a reflectance adjustment layer.
- the intermediate second layer 36 is made of a material having a refractive index n2 of 1.9 to 2.3, such as SiN, HfO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, TiO2, and the like.
- the intermediate first layer 37 has a configuration in which, for example, a material forming the intermediate second layer 36 and a material Si forming the Si substrate 38 are mixedly arranged. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, a concavo-convex structure is formed on the Si substrate 38, and a material for forming the intermediate second layer 36 is filled in the concave portion 37a. In FIG. 3, the concave portion 37 a is filled with a material for forming the intermediate second layer 36, thereby forming a prismatic shape and provided in the concave portion 37 a in the concave-convex structure on the Si substrate 38. Yes.
- the structure formed in the concave portion 37a is not limited to a prismatic shape, and may be other shapes, for example, a cylindrical structure.
- the volume ratio of the material forming the Si substrate 38 and the material forming the intermediate second layer 36 is a predetermined value when the height d1 of the recess 37a is in the range of about 20 to 60 nm. Therefore, the intermediate first layer 37 has a refractive index n1 of 2.6 to 3.7 as a whole.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is ideally made of a material having an extinction coefficient of 0 and a refractive index of 2.6 to 3.7, but has an extinction coefficient of 0 and a refractive index of 2.6 to 3.7.
- the refractive index n1 is made to be 2.6 to 3.7 by averaging the refractive index as a whole by mixing and arranging in accordance with the volume ratio to the material forming the two layers 36.
- the intermediate first layer 37 and the intermediate second layer 36 may be formed of a material having another refractive index.
- the Si substrate 38 even if it is a substrate made of InGaAs having a refractive index of about 4.0.
- step S11 in a range where the intermediate first layer 37 is formed on the Si substrate 38 including the photoelectric conversion element (not shown), for example, a predetermined pitch p1, width w1, and height (depth) by photolithography.
- a concave portion 37a of d1 is formed.
- the concave portion 37a shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has, for example, a prismatic configuration having a height (depth) d1 of 31 nm, a width w1 of 57 nm, and a pitch p1 of 90 nm.
- the convex portion of the Si substrate 38 where Si is left has a width of 33 nm.
- the volume ratio between the volume V1 formed by Si forming the Si substrate 38 and the volume V2 of the recess 37a is 3: 2.
- n1 ⁇ d1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ / 8. That is, the height d1 is 31 nm which is smaller than 62.5 ( 3 ⁇ 550/8 / 3.3) nm.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is formed by filling the concave portion 37a with the refractive index adjusting material.
- the refractive index adjusting material is the same material as that constituting the intermediate second layer 36.
- incident light is 550 nm light
- Ta2O5 having a refractive index n2 of 2.2 is obtained.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is formed by filling.
- step S13 the intermediate second layer 36 is formed. That is, in FIG. 2, when the incident light is the same light as the refractive index adjusting material and the incident light is 550 nm, the film is laminated so that the refractive index n2 is 2.2 and the height d2 of Nb2O5 is 2.2 nm.
- Step S14 the unevenness corresponding to the unevenness of the upper surface of the intermediate first layer 37 is flattened by applying CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) to the upper surface of the intermediate second layer 36.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- this process may be a process other than CMP, and may be flattened using, for example, etching. Further, even if CMP is omitted, the improvement effect can be reduced, but the effect can be obtained. Therefore, CMP may be omitted.
- step S15 an oxide film 35 made of SiO2 is formed, and thereafter, the configuration of the oxide film 35 or more in FIG. 1 is formed as an environmental medium layer.
- the intermediate first layer 37 has a refractive index n1 of 3.3 as a whole, and can suppress reflection from the Si substrate 38 as a whole. Become.
- the refractive index n1 is expressed by the following formula (1) by the refractive index ns of Si in the Si substrate 38 and the refractive index n2 of the same refractive index adjusting material as the material in the intermediate second layer 36.
- n1 ns x rs + r2 x n2 ... (1)
- rs and r2 represent weighting factors obtained from the ratio between the volume V1 formed by Si forming the Si substrate 38 in the intermediate first layer 37 and the volume V2 of the recess 37a.
- the relationship between the height (depth) d1 of the intermediate first layer 37 and the refractive index n1 of the intermediate first layer 37 can be generalized when the wavelength of transmitted light is ⁇ . 2).
- the basis of the equation (2) is obtained from the relationship between the round-trip optical path difference in the interference of the thin film and the wavelength.
- the condition under which the reflectance is most reduced in the interference of the thin film is as follows: This is when the half-wavelength phase relationship shown in FIG.
- the relationship between the height d2 of the intermediate second layer 36 and the refractive index n2 is generally expressed by the following formula (4) when the wavelength of transmitted light is ⁇ .
- n2 ⁇ d2 ⁇ / 4 ... (5)
- the first condition is that the refractive indexes of the Si substrate 38, the intermediate first layer 37, the intermediate second layer 36, and the oxide film 35 are ns, n1, n2, and ni.
- the Si substrate of the light that passes through the lens 31 and the color filter 32 and is incident thereon The reflection by 38 can be reduced by utilizing the principle of thin film interference.
- the mechanism for reducing the reflection on the Si substrate 38 is not a mechanism for reducing the refraction in a stepwise manner using the thickness as in the case of the moth eye, but uses a plurality of films to apply the interference action of the thin film. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the reflection from the Si substrate 38 with a thinner structure than the moth eye.
- the reflectance was measured by changing the wavelength of the incident light as shown in FIG. At this time, the reflectance of the peripheral wavelength of 550 nm, which is the central wavelength, is about 1.5, but the reflectance of the incident light in other wavelength bands is a value exceeding 2 as a whole.
- reflection by the Si substrate 38 in the solid-state imaging device 11 can be suppressed, a decrease in sensitivity in the photoelectric conversion device can be suppressed, and the light does not enter an adjacent pixel. And ghosting can be reduced.
- step S11 an example using photolithography has been described for providing the recess 37a.
- other methods may be used as long as the above-described volume ratio can be achieved.
- a self-organizing material DSA: Directed Using the Self-Assembly
- the volume of Si that is the material of the Si substrate 38 and the volume of the recess 37a may be configured to have the volume ratio described above, and the recess 37a may be formed by etching.
- the refractive index adjusting material may be made of a material different from the material used in the intermediate second layer 36 as long as the conditions of the expressions (2), (4), and (6) described above are satisfied.
- Al 2 O 3 having a refractive index of 1.6 may be filled in a cylindrical recess 37 a ′ corresponding to the recess 37 a.
- the volume ratio of Si and Al 2 O 3 in the intermediate first layer 37 is 67:33. Therefore, both weighting factors rs and rAl2O3 are 0.67 and 0.33, respectively.
- the height d12 of the intermediate first layer 37 is, for example, 31 nm
- the height d11 of the intermediate second layer 36 is, for example, 54 nm
- the pitch p11 of the cylindrical recesses 37a ′ is, for example, 90 nm.
- the width (diameter) w12 of the cylindrical recess 37a ′ is, for example, 59 nm.
- the intermediate first layer 37 in which the recesses 37 a ′ are filled with Al 2 O 3 is formed on the Si substrate 38. If the refractive index n1 and height d1 of the intermediate first layer 37 are such that n1 ⁇ d1 ⁇ / 10 or less, it can be considered that there is almost no influence of interference. Therefore, it is not always necessary to polish the intermediate first layer 37 by CMP until the convex portion from the Si substrate 38 is exposed, and Al 2 O 3 filled in the concave portion 37 ′ may remain about 10 nm.
- the refractive index adjusting material filled in the concave portion 37a in the intermediate first layer 37 other materials may be used as long as the conditions of the expressions (2), (4), and (6) described above are satisfied.
- it may be an oxide film or a nitride film containing at least one of Hf, Al, Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb, Y, and Sr, and may be, for example, ZrO2.
- a high dielectric constant material called a so-called high-k material such as Al2O3
- a so-called high-k material such as Al2O3
- the intermediate first layer 37 has been described as being formed of one layer, but the intermediate first layer 37 may be formed of a plurality of layers.
- the intermediate first layer 37 may be composed of two layers of intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is composed of two layers, the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2.
- the recesses 37a-1 have a pitch p11. It is provided with a height d11-1 and a width w11-1.
- the recesses 37a-2 have a pitch p11, a height d11-2, and a width w11- 2 is provided.
- the conditions change depending on the refractive index relationship in each layer.
- the relationship between the refractive indexes in each layer when the refractive indexes of the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2 are n11 and n12, respectively, It is desirable to satisfy the relationship of Formula (7).
- the difference in refractive index between the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2 is a predetermined value (for example, the difference between the refractive index of the Si substrate 38 and the refractive index of the intermediate first layer 37-1 (ns-n11)). ) (N11 ⁇ n12> ns ⁇ n11), the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2 can be considered to have a large interference effect. In each layer, the relationship of Expression (2) is satisfied.
- the difference in refractive index between the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2 is a predetermined value (for example, the difference between the refractive index of the Si substrate 38 and the refractive index of the intermediate first layer 37-1 (ns-n11)).
- the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2 can be considered to have a small interference effect in the intermediate first layers 37-1 and 37-2.
- Formula (8) it is set as a formula also including the case where the intermediate
- Expression (8) is “n11 ⁇ d11-1 + n12 ⁇ d11-2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ / 8”.
- the reflectance from the Si substrate 38 can be set to 2 or less in a wide band where the wavelength band of incident light is 400 nm to 800 nm.
- the wavelength ⁇ is around 500 to 520 nm, the reflectance can be almost zero.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is formed of a plurality of layers.
- the intermediate second layer 36 may be formed of a plurality of layers.
- the intermediate second layer 36 may be composed of two layers of intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2.
- the intermediate second layer 36 is composed of two layers, the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2.
- the intermediate second layer 36-1 is composed of Nb2O5 (refractive index 2.2).
- the intermediate second layer 36-2 is formed at a height d12-2 by Ao2O3 (refractive index 1.65).
- the recessed part 37a is formed by height d11, width d11, and pitch p11.
- the conditions change depending on the refractive index relationship in each layer.
- the refractive index relationship in each layer when the refractive indexes of the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2 are n21 and n22, respectively, It is desirable to satisfy the relationship of Formula (9).
- the difference in refractive index (n21-n22) between the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2 is a predetermined value (for example, the difference between the refractive index of the oxide film 35 and the refractive index of the intermediate second layer 36-2). Is larger than (n22-ni)) (n21-n22> n22-ni), it can be considered that the effect of interference is great in each of the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2. In each of the layers 1 and 36-2, the relationship of the expression (4) is satisfied.
- the difference in refractive index (n21-n22) between the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2 is a predetermined value (for example, the difference between the refractive index of the oxide film 35 and the refractive index of the intermediate second layer 36-2). Smaller than (n22-ni)) (n21-n22 ⁇ n22-ni), it can be considered that the effect of interference is small in each of the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2. 1, 36-2 are regarded as the same layer, and the relationship of the following formula (10) is satisfied.
- Formula (10) it is set as a formula also including the case where the intermediate
- Expression (10) is “n21 ⁇ d12-1 + n22 ⁇ d12-2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ / 8”.
- the refractive index difference (n21 ⁇ n22) between the intermediate second layers 36-1 and 36-2 is larger than a predetermined value (n21 ⁇ n22> n22 ⁇ ni) and the condition of Expression (4) is satisfied, for example
- the concave portions 37a are formed of square pillars so as to satisfy the refractive index n11 of the intermediate first layer 37
- the pitch p11 is 90 nm
- the height d11 is 34 nm
- the width w11 Becomes 57 nm.
- the reflectance from the Si substrate 38 can be set to 1.5 or less in a wide band where the wavelength band of incident light is 400 nm to 800 nm.
- the wavelength ⁇ is around 430 nm and 700 nm, the reflectance can be almost zero.
- ⁇ Fifth embodiment> trenches are formed between the pixels, and the boundary portion 35a made of the same material (SiO 2) as the oxide film 35 is formed, so that the pixel signal between adjacent pixels can be obtained.
- the boundary portion 35a instead of the boundary portion 35a, as shown in FIG. 12, a boundary portion 34a made of a metal constituting the light shielding film 34, for example, W (tungsten) is formed. You may do it.
- a boundary portion 34a made of metal is provided in a state of being connected to the light-shielding film 34 instead of the boundary portion 35a. In this way, not only electrical insulation but also light shielding between adjacent pixels can be achieved, so that crosstalk can be prevented with higher accuracy.
- the boundary portion 34a may be provided without providing the light shielding film 34.
- a normal imaging pixel has been described. However, for example, it may be applied to an image plane phase difference focus pixel (ZAF pixel) in which a part of the pixel is shielded from light.
- ZAF pixel image plane phase difference focus pixel
- the light shielding film 34 is formed on a part of the upper surface of the pixel at the left end in the figure set as the ZAF pixel surrounded by the dotted line portion in the solid-state imaging device 11 of FIG.
- trenches are provided on a pixel-by-pixel basis, and boundary portions 35a made of the same material as that of the oxide film 35 are provided, so that not only crosstalk between normal pixels but also crosstalk in ZAF pixels. It is also possible to suppress talk.
- a part of the ZAF pixel is shielded by the light shielding film 34, so that an intermediate first layer 37 that is configured to reduce the reflection of the Si substrate 38 is formed.
- a boundary portion 34a made of the same material as the metal constituting the light shielding film 34 is provided between the pixels instead of the boundary portion 35a.
- the light shielding film 34 is not provided between the pixels, but the boundary portion 34a made of the same material as the metal constituting the light shielding film 34 is provided.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is not formed in the image plane phase difference focus pixel (ZAF pixel) has been described.
- the intermediate first layer 37 may be provided also in the ZAF pixel.
- the intermediate first layer 37 is also formed for the leftmost pixel in the figure set as a ZAF pixel.
- the solid-state imaging device 11 in FIG. 17 may be provided with a boundary 34a instead of the boundary 35a, or the light shielding film 34 may be omitted and only the boundary 34a is provided. You may make it provide.
- the solid-state imaging device described above can be applied to various electronic devices such as an imaging device such as a digital still camera and a digital video camera, a mobile phone having an imaging function, or other devices having an imaging function. .
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an imaging apparatus as an electronic apparatus to which the present technology is applied.
- An imaging apparatus 201 illustrated in FIG. 18 includes an optical system 202, a shutter device 203, a solid-state imaging device 204, a drive circuit 205, a signal processing circuit 206, a monitor 207, and a memory 208, and displays still images and moving images. Imaging is possible.
- the optical system 202 includes one or more lenses, guides light (incident light) from a subject to the solid-state image sensor 204, and forms an image on the light receiving surface of the solid-state image sensor 204.
- the shutter device 203 is disposed between the optical system 202 and the solid-state imaging device 204, and controls the light irradiation period and the light-shielding period to the solid-state imaging device 204 according to the control of the drive circuit 1005.
- the solid-state image sensor 204 is configured by a package including the above-described solid-state image sensor.
- the solid-state imaging device 204 accumulates signal charges for a certain period in accordance with light imaged on the light receiving surface via the optical system 202 and the shutter device 203.
- the signal charge accumulated in the solid-state image sensor 204 is transferred according to a drive signal (timing signal) supplied from the drive circuit 205.
- the drive circuit 205 outputs a drive signal for controlling the transfer operation of the solid-state image sensor 204 and the shutter operation of the shutter device 203 to drive the solid-state image sensor 204 and the shutter device 203.
- the signal processing circuit 206 performs various types of signal processing on the signal charges output from the solid-state imaging device 204.
- An image (image data) obtained by the signal processing by the signal processing circuit 206 is supplied to the monitor 207 and displayed, or supplied to the memory 208 and stored (recorded).
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a usage example in which the above-described solid-state imaging device is used.
- the solid-state imaging device described above can be used in various cases for sensing light such as visible light, infrared light, ultraviolet light, and X-ray as follows.
- Devices for taking images for viewing such as digital cameras and mobile devices with camera functions
- Devices used for traffic such as in-vehicle sensors that capture the back, surroundings, and interiors of vehicles, surveillance cameras that monitor traveling vehicles and roads, and ranging sensors that measure distances between vehicles, etc.
- Equipment used for home appliances such as TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners, etc. to take pictures and operate the equipment according to the gestures ⁇ Endoscopes, equipment that performs blood vessel photography by receiving infrared light, etc.
- Equipment used for medical and health care ⁇ Security equipment such as security surveillance cameras and personal authentication cameras ⁇ Skin measuring instrument for photographing skin and scalp photography Such as a microscope to do beauty Equipment used for sports-Equipment used for sports such as action cameras and wearable cameras for sports applications-Used for agriculture such as cameras for monitoring the condition of fields and crops apparatus
- this technique can also take the following structures.
- a reflectance adjustment layer that is provided on the substrate in the incident direction of incident light with respect to the substrate and adjusts reflection of the incident light on the substrate;
- the reflectance adjustment layer is A first layer formed on the substrate and a second layer formed on the first layer;
- the first layer includes a concavo-convex structure provided on the substrate and a material having a lower refractive index than the substrate filled in the concave portion on the concavo-convex structure,
- the second layer is made of a material having a refractive index lower than that of the first layer,
- the refractive index of the substrate is higher than the refractive index of the first layer, the refractive index of the first layer is higher than the refractive index of the second layer, and the refractive index of the second
- the solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 1>, wherein a product of the refractive index of the first layer and the thickness of the first layer is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the first layer includes a plurality of layers, and the refractive index of each layer of the plurality of layers is high in the refractive index of a layer close to the substrate in any adjacent layers, When the difference in refractive index between the layers is higher than a predetermined value, In each layer of the plurality of layers, the product of the refractive index and the thickness is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light, When the difference in refractive index between the layers is lower than a predetermined value, The solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 1>, wherein a sum of products of the refractive index and the thickness of each of the plurality of layers is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- element. ⁇ 5> The second layer is composed of a plurality of layers, and the refractive index of each layer of the plurality of layers is high in the refractive index of the layer close to the substrate in any adjacent layers, When the difference in refractive index between the layers is higher than a predetermined value, In each layer of the plurality of layers, the product of the refractive index and the thickness is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light, When the difference in refractive index between the layers is lower than a predetermined value, The solid-state imaging device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein a sum of products of the refractive index and the thickness of each of the plurality of layers is smaller than 3/8 times the wavelength of the incident light.
- the refractive index of the first layer is a refractive index of the convex portion in the concave-convex structure in the first layer made of the same material as the substrate and the concave portion filled with the low refractive index material.
- the solid-state imaging device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>.
- the substrate includes Si and InGaAs, and the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer includes at least one of Hf, Al, Ti, Zr, Ta, Nb, Y, and Sr.
- the solid-state imaging device including an oxide film or a nitride film, wherein the environmental medium includes a lens, a color filter, and an oxide film.
- the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer includes SiN, HfO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, TiO2, Al2O3, and ZrO2.
- a material filled in the concave portion of the first layer is the same as a material of the second layer.
- ⁇ 10> The solid-state imaging device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the material filled in the concave portion of the first layer is the high dielectric constant material.
- the concavo-convex structure provided on the substrate is configured by photolithography or etching using a self-assembled material (DSA: Directed Self Assembly).
- DSA Directed Self Assembly
- Solid-state image sensor Solid-state image sensor.
- ⁇ 12> The solid-state imaging device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 11>, including an oxide film boundary portion made of an oxide film at a boundary of the pixel unit.
- ⁇ 13> The solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 12>, wherein the pixel includes an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- ⁇ 14> The solid-state imaging device according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 13>, including a metal boundary portion made of metal at a boundary of the pixel unit.
- ⁇ 15> The solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 14>, wherein the metal includes tungsten.
- ⁇ 16> The solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 14>, wherein the pixel includes an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- ⁇ 17> A boundary of the pixel unit, which is made of the same metal as the metal boundary so as to surround the pixel in a direction opposite to the incident direction of the incident light,
- the solid-state image sensor according to ⁇ 14> including a light-shielding part that shields light.
- ⁇ 18> The solid-state imaging device according to ⁇ 17>, wherein the pixel includes an image plane phase difference focus pixel.
- Solid-state imaging device 31 lens, 32 color filter, 33 flattening film, 34 shading film, 34a boundary, 35 oxide film, 35a boundary, 36, 36-1, 36-2, intermediate second layer, 36a boundary , 37, 37-1, 37-2 Intermediate first layer, 37a, 37a 'recess, 38 Si substrate
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Abstract
Description
<本技術を適用した固体撮像素子の実施の形態の構成例>
図1は、本技術を適用した固体撮像素子の一実施の形態の構成例を示した側面断面図である。
次に、図4のフローチャートを参照して、酸化膜35、中間第2層36、中間第1層37、およびSi基板38からなる、図1の点線で囲まれる反射率を低減させるための構造である反射率調整層の製造方法について説明する。
・・・(1)
・・・(2)
・・・(3)
・・・(4)
・・・(5)
・・・(6)
以上においては、中間第1層37における凹部37aに充填される屈折率調整材料として、中間第2層36において使用される材質と同一の材質を用いる例について説明してきたが、上述した様に、上述した式(2),式(4),式(6)の条件が満たされれば、屈折率調整材料は、中間第2層36において使用される材質とは異なる材質でもよい。
以上においては、中間第1層37は、1層で形成される例について説明してきたが、中間第1層37を複数の層で形成されるようにしても良い。
・・・(7)
・・・(8)
以上においては、中間第1層37を複数の層で形成する例について説明してきたが、同様に、中間第2層36を複数の層で形成するようにしてもよい。
・・・(9)
・・・(10)
以上においては、図1で示されるように各画素間にトレンチを形成して、酸化膜35と同一の材質(SiO2)からなる境界部35aを形成することで、隣接する画素間の画素信号のクロストークを低減させる例について説明してきたが、境界部35aに代えて、図12で示されるように、遮光膜34を構成する金属、例えば、W(タングステン)などからなる境界部34aを形成するようにしても良い。
以上においては、遮光膜34に接続した状態で境界部34aが設けられる例について説明してきたが、例えば、遮光膜34を設けず、境界部34aのみを設けるようにしても良い。
以上においては、通常の撮像用の画素について説明してきたが、例えば、画素の一部が遮光されている像面位相差フォーカス画素(ZAF画素)に適用するようにしても良い。
以上においては、画素間に酸化膜35と同一の材質からなる境界部35aを設ける例について説明してきたが、図12における固体撮像素子11と同様に、画素間に境界部35aに代えて、遮光膜34を構成する金属と同一の材質からなる境界部34aを設けるようにしても良い。
以上においては、画素間に遮光膜34を構成する金属と同一の材質からなる境界部34aを設けるようにした例について説明してきたが、さらに、図13の固体撮像素子11と同様に、遮光膜34を設けず、境界部34aのみを設けるようにしても良い。
以上においては、像面位相差フォーカス画素(ZAF画素)において、中間第1層37が形成されない例について説明してきたが、ZAF画素においても、中間第1層37が設けられるようにしてもよい。
上述した固体撮像素子は、例えば、デジタルスチルカメラやデジタルビデオカメラなどの撮像装置、撮像機能を備えた携帯電話機、または、撮像機能を備えた他の機器といった各種の電子機器に適用することができる。
<固体撮像素子の使用例>
・自動停止等の安全運転や、運転者の状態の認識等のために、自動車の前方や後方、周囲、車内等を撮影する車載用センサ、走行車両や道路を監視する監視カメラ、車両間等の測距を行う測距センサ等の、交通の用に供される装置
・ユーザのジェスチャを撮影して、そのジェスチャに従った機器操作を行うために、TVや、冷蔵庫、エアーコンディショナ等の家電に供される装置
・内視鏡や、赤外光の受光による血管撮影を行う装置等の、医療やヘルスケアの用に供される装置
・防犯用途の監視カメラや、人物認証用途のカメラ等の、セキュリティの用に供される装置
・肌を撮影する肌測定器や、頭皮を撮影するマイクロスコープ等の、美容の用に供される装置
・スポーツ用途等向けのアクションカメラやウェアラブルカメラ等の、スポーツの用に供される装置
・畑や作物の状態を監視するためのカメラ等の、農業の用に供される装置
<1> 光電変換により入射光の光量に応じた画素信号を発生する光電変換部を画素単位で有する基板と、
前記基板に対して、入射光の入射方向となる前記基板上に設けられ、前記基板における前記入射光の反射を調整する反射率調整層と、
前記反射率調整層上に設けられる環境媒質とを含み、
前記反射率調整層は、
前記基板上に形成される第1層と、前記第1層上に形成される第2層とから構成され、
前記第1層は、前記基板上に設けられる凹凸構造と、前記凹凸構造上の凹部に充填される前記基板よりも低屈折率の材料とから構成され、
前記第2層は、前記第1層の屈折率よりも低屈折率の材料から構成され、
前記基板の屈折率は、前記第1層の屈折率よりも高く、前記第1層の屈折率は、前記第2層の屈折率より高く、前記第2層の屈折率は、前記環境媒質の屈折率よりも高い
固体撮像素子。
<2> 前記第1層の屈折率と、第1層の厚さとの積は、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
<1>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<3> 前記第1層は、複数の層からなり、前記複数の層の各層の屈折率は、隣接する層間でいずれも前記基板に近い層の屈折率が高く、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも高い場合、
前記複数の層の各層において、前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さく、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも低い場合、
前記複数の層の各層の前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積の総和が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
<1>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<4> 前記第2層の屈折率と、第2層の厚さとの積は、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
<1>乃至<3>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<5> 前記第2層は、複数の層からなり、前記複数の層の各層の屈折率は、隣接する層間でいずれも前記基板に近い層の屈折率が高く、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも高い場合、
前記複数の層の各層において、前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さく、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも低い場合、
前記複数の層の各層の前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積の総和が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
<1>乃至<3>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<6> 前記第1層の屈折率は、前記基板と同一の材料からなる前記第1層における凹凸構造における凸部と、前記低屈折率材料が充填される前記凹部との、それぞれの屈折率の体積比の積和である
<1>乃至<5>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<7> 前記基板は、SiおよびInGaAsを含み、前記第1層の凹部に充填される材料は、Hf,Al,Ti,Zr,Ta,Nb,Y、およびSrのうち少なくとも一種類以上を含む酸化膜、または窒化膜を含み、前記環境媒質は、レンズ、カラーフィルタ、および酸化膜を含む
<1>乃至<6>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<8> 前記第1層の凹部に充填される材料は、SiN、HfO2、Ta2O5、Nb2O5、TiO2、Al2O3、およびZrO2を含む
<7>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<9> 前記第1層の前記凹部に充填される材料は、前記第2層の材料と同一である
<1>乃至<8>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<10> 前記第1層の前記凹部に充填される材料は、前記高誘電率材料である
<1>乃至<9>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<11> 前記基板上に設けられる凹凸構造は、フォトリソグラフィ、または自己組織化材料(DSA: Directed Self Assembly)を用いたエッチングを用いて構成される
<1>乃至<10>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<12> 前記画素単位の境界に酸化膜からなる酸化膜境界部を含む
<1>乃至<11>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<13> 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
<12>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<14> 前記画素単位の境界に金属からなる金属境界部を含む
<1>乃至<13>のいずれかに記載の固体撮像素子。
<15> 前記金属はタングステンを含む
<14>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<16> 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
<14>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<17> 前記画素単位の境界であって、前記入射光の入射方向と対向する方向に、前記画素を取り囲むように、前記金属境界部と同一の金属からなり、隣接する画素への入射光を遮光する遮光部を含む
<14>に記載の固体撮像素子。
<18> 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
<17>に記載の固体撮像素子。
Claims (18)
- 光電変換により入射光の光量に応じた画素信号を発生する光電変換部を画素単位で有する基板と、
前記基板に対して、入射光の入射方向となる前記基板上に設けられ、前記基板における前記入射光の反射を調整する反射率調整層と、
前記反射率調整層上に設けられる環境媒質とを含み、
前記反射率調整層は、
前記基板上に形成される第1層と、前記第1層上に形成される第2層とから構成され、
前記第1層は、前記基板上に設けられる凹凸構造と、前記凹凸構造上の凹部に充填される前記基板よりも低屈折率の材料とから構成され、
前記第2層は、前記第1層の屈折率よりも低屈折率の材料から構成され、
前記基板の屈折率は、前記第1層の屈折率よりも高く、前記第1層の屈折率は、前記第2層の屈折率より高く、前記第2層の屈折率は、前記環境媒質の屈折率よりも高い
固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層の屈折率と、第1層の厚さとの積は、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層は、複数の層からなり、前記複数の層の各層の屈折率は、隣接する層間でいずれも前記基板に近い層の屈折率が高く、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも高い場合、
前記複数の層の各層において、前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さく、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも低い場合、
前記複数の層の各層の前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積の総和が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第2層の屈折率と、第2層の厚さとの積は、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第2層は、複数の層からなり、前記複数の層の各層の屈折率は、隣接する層間でいずれも前記基板に近い層の屈折率が高く、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも高い場合、
前記複数の層の各層において、前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さく、
前記各層の屈折率の差が所定値よりも低い場合、
前記複数の層の各層の前記屈折率と、前記厚さとの積の総和が、前記入射光の波長の3/8倍よりも小さい
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層の屈折率は、前記基板と同一の材料からなる前記第1層における凹凸構造における凸部と、前記低屈折率材料が充填される前記凹部との、それぞれの屈折率の体積比の積和である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記基板は、SiおよびInGaAsを含み、前記第1層の凹部に充填される材料は、Hf,Al,Ti,Zr,Ta,Nb,Y、およびSrのうち少なくとも一種類以上を含む酸化膜、または窒化膜を含み、前記環境媒質は、レンズ、カラーフィルタ、および酸化膜を含む
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層の凹部に充填される材料は、SiN、HfO2、Ta2O5、Nb2O5、TiO2、Al2O3、およびZrO2を含む
請求項7に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層の前記凹部に充填される材料は、前記第2層の材料と同一である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記第1層の前記凹部に充填される材料は、前記高誘電率材料である
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記基板上に設けられる凹凸構造は、フォトリソグラフィ、または自己組織化材料(DSA: Directed Self Assembly)を用いたエッチングを用いて構成される
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素単位の境界に酸化膜からなる酸化膜境界部を含む
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
請求項12に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素単位の境界に金属からなる金属境界部を含む
請求項1に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記金属はタングステンを含む
請求項14に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
請求項14に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素単位の境界であって、前記入射光の入射方向と対向する方向に、前記画素を取り囲むように、前記金属境界部と同一の金属からなり、隣接する画素への入射光を遮光する遮光部を含む
請求項14に記載の固体撮像素子。 - 前記画素には像面位相差フォーカス画素を含む
請求項17に記載の固体撮像素子。
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| CN202210420802.2A CN114975495A (zh) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-20 | 光检测装置 |
| US15/574,558 US10263025B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-20 | Solid-state imaging sensor |
| JP2017521814A JP7023109B2 (ja) | 2015-06-05 | 2016-05-20 | 固体撮像装置 |
| US16/295,776 US11121161B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-03-07 | Solid-state imaging sensor |
| US17/387,127 US11557621B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2021-07-28 | Solid-state imaging sensor |
| US18/086,774 US11990492B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2022-12-22 | Solid-state imaging sensor |
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| US16/295,776 Continuation US11121161B2 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2019-03-07 | Solid-state imaging sensor |
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| JP2018107314A (ja) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-05 | 富士通株式会社 | 光検知器及び撮像装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2021097238A (ja) | 2021-06-24 |
| CN107615483A (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
| US20210358987A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
| CN114975495A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
| US11990492B2 (en) | 2024-05-21 |
| JP7023109B2 (ja) | 2022-02-21 |
| US11121161B2 (en) | 2021-09-14 |
| US10263025B2 (en) | 2019-04-16 |
| US20230126141A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| US11557621B2 (en) | 2023-01-17 |
| US20180158857A1 (en) | 2018-06-07 |
| CN107615483B (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
| JPWO2016194654A1 (ja) | 2018-03-22 |
| US20190206918A1 (en) | 2019-07-04 |
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