WO2016171194A1 - ポリカーボネート樹脂フィルム - Google Patents
ポリカーボネート樹脂フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016171194A1 WO2016171194A1 PCT/JP2016/062572 JP2016062572W WO2016171194A1 WO 2016171194 A1 WO2016171194 A1 WO 2016171194A1 JP 2016062572 W JP2016062572 W JP 2016062572W WO 2016171194 A1 WO2016171194 A1 WO 2016171194A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polycarbonate resin
- weight
- film
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- dihydroxy compound
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- 0 OC=*1[C@@]2OCCC2OC1 Chemical compound OC=*1[C@@]2OCCC2OC1 0.000 description 2
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/02—Aliphatic polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G64/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G64/02—Aliphatic polycarbonates
- C08G64/0208—Aliphatic polycarbonates saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
- G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3412—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having one nitrogen atom in the ring
- C08K5/3432—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3437—Six-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3472—Five-membered rings
- C08K5/3475—Five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3477—Six-membered rings
- C08K5/3492—Triazines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/35—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having also oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/353—Five-membered rings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polycarbonate resin film comprising a polycarbonate resin composition, a polarizer protective film using the polycarbonate resin film, and a polycarbonate resin composition.
- an ultraviolet absorber is added to protect the polarizer from ultraviolet rays.
- a large amount of the ultraviolet absorber is necessary, and there are problems such as bleeding out.
- a method of adding an ultraviolet absorber having high compatibility with a resin or a polymer having an ultraviolet absorbing function is known (for example, see Patent Document 6).
- the cellulose ester film generally used for the polarizer protective film has a high water absorption and has a problem that the durability is insufficient when used for a large-sized television or the like.
- the polarizer protective film using an acrylic resin is also proposed (for example, refer patent document 7), since there exists a brittleness, it may break at the time of handling, and it was difficult to make it thin.
- the light passing through the polarizing plate is linearly polarized light, so when viewing the display through polarized sunglasses, it may be blacked out depending on the angle.
- the surface layer of the polarizer protective film may be a retardation film (see, for example, Patent Document 8). These retardation films also contain an ultraviolet absorber in order to protect the polarizer from ultraviolet rays.
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- the polycarbonate resin obtained from ISB hardly absorbs ultraviolet rays, it needs to contain a large amount of ultraviolet absorbers for use in a polarizer protective film.
- the polycarbonate resin contains a large amount of UV absorber, the heat resistance of the film is reduced, the film is turbid due to the bleed-out substance, the film foreign matter due to roll dirt, the poor appearance of the film such as gear marks, etc.
- There are problems such as a decrease in the uniformity of the film thickness.
- roll contamination etc. may generate
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate these problems, use a specific polycarbonate resin, and include a specific ultraviolet absorber, thereby reducing the heat resistance of the film, turbidity of the film due to the bleed-out substance, and roll contamination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polycarbonate resin film that does not suffer from problems such as film foreign matter caused by the film and poor appearance of the film such as gear marks, and absorbs specific ultraviolet rays while having a uniform film thickness.
- the present inventors have added a specific ultraviolet absorber using a polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (1).
- a specific ultraviolet absorber using a polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (1).
- High quality that absorbs specific ultraviolet rays without problems such as deterioration of film heat resistance, film turbidity due to bleed-out substances, film foreign matter due to roll dirt, film appearance defects such as gear marks, etc.
- the present invention has been found by providing the film. That is, the gist of the present invention resides in the following [1] to [6].
- a polycarbonate resin film comprising a polycarbonate resin composition containing an ultraviolet absorber having a temperature higher than 240 ° C. exceeding 0.45 parts by weight and not more than 7 parts by weight, wherein the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is 0.001% or more.
- An ultraviolet absorber having a temperature higher than 240 ° C. is contained more than 0.45 parts by weight and 7 parts by weight or less, and the content of the compound represented by the following formula (3) in the polycarbonate resin is 10 ppm by weight to 1,200 parts by weight.
- the present invention while containing a large amount of an ultraviolet absorber, when the film is formed, the heat resistance of the film is reduced, the film is turbid due to the bleed-out substance, the foreign matter of the film due to roll dirt, the gear An optical film showing high performance as a polarizer protective film can be provided without causing problems such as poor appearance of a film such as a mark. Furthermore, since no roll dirt is generated, defective appearance can be greatly reduced in molding, so that productivity, workability, and product quality can be improved.
- the polycarbonate resin film of the present invention comprises a polycarbonate resin composition containing a polycarbonate resin and an ultraviolet absorber.
- the polycarbonate resin composition in the present invention includes a polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (1).
- the polycarbonate resin can be produced by polycondensing a dihydroxy compound, a carbonic acid diester, and a catalyst under melting.
- a carbonic acid diester those described later can be used. Among them, it is preferable to use diphenyl carbonate.
- the total number of terminals (B) of the number of existing terminal groups (A) of the terminal group represented by the following structural formula (2) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “phenyl group terminal”) of the polycarbonate resin to be produced is preferably in the range of 75% or more and less than 98%.
- the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) in the polycarbonate resin to the total number of terminals (B) is more preferably in the range of 76% or more, and in the range of 77% or more. Is particularly preferred. Further, it is more preferably 96% or less, and particularly preferably 95% or less.
- the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) to the total number of terminals (B) is less than 75%, the molded product has a poor appearance called silver during injection molding, and bubbles in extrusion molding. Is likely to occur. Further, when the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) to the total number of terminals (B) is more than 98%, appearance defects in injection molding and extrusion molding tend to decrease. In addition, when trying to obtain a polycarbonate resin having (A / B) greater than 98%, the polymerization conditions become severe, a long-time reaction is required, and as a result, the polycarbonate resin is deteriorated and the color tone is poor. It is very likely that only things will be obtained.
- the method of adjusting the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) to the total number of terminals (B) in the polycarbonate resin is not particularly limited.
- the amount ratio of carbonic acid diester to the total dihydroxy compound used in the reaction is adjusted within a range in which a desired high molecular weight product can be obtained, the residual monomer is removed from the reaction system by deaeration at the later stage of the polymerization reaction, or the latter stage of the polymerization reaction.
- the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) to the total number of terminals (B) is adjusted to the above-mentioned range by increasing the reaction rate by increasing the stirring efficiency of the reactor at can do.
- the proportion of the phenyl group terminal in the polycarbonate resin can be calculated by measuring 1 H-NMR spectrum using deuterated chloroform to which TMS (tetramethylsilane) is added as a measurement solvent with an NMR spectrometer.
- bonding structure of Structural formula (1), an alicyclic dihydroxy compound, and the other dihydroxy compound used as needed is each which comprises the polycarbonate resin used by this invention. It adjusts suitably according to the ratio of the structural unit originating in a dihydroxy compound.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention more preferably contains a specific amount of a special oligomer component represented by the following formula (3).
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (3) in the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is preferably 10 ppm by weight or more and 1200 ppm by weight or less.
- the content of the compound represented by the formula (3) in the polycarbonate resin of the present invention is more preferably 15 ppm by weight or more, and particularly preferably 20 ppm by weight or more. Further, it is more preferably 650 ppm by weight or less, particularly preferably 400 ppm by weight or less. If the content of the compound represented by the formula (3) in the polycarbonate resin is in the above range, there is no dirt or odor during molding and the molding appearance is good, which is preferable.
- the ratio (A / B) of the number of phenyl group terminals (A) to the total number of terminals (B) during the production of the polycarbonate resin is 98. % Or less is preferable.
- the generation of the compound represented by the formula (3) can be suppressed by setting the pressure in the final polymerization tank to 1 kPa or less or setting the polymerization time at a temperature higher than 220 ° C. to less than 2 hours.
- the devolatilization efficiency can be drastically improved by making the final polymerization tank a horizontal reaction tank.
- it becomes possible to control the compound represented by Formula (3) to a specific quantity by performing devolatilization from a vacuum vent with an extruder, or implementing water injection in the case of devolatilization.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is usually obtained by polycondensation of a dihydroxy compound, a carbonic acid diester and a catalyst under melting as described later. In this polycondensation reaction, a monohydroxy compound is generated as a leaving component from the carbonic acid diester.
- the resulting monohydroxy compound is phenol.
- the content of the monohydroxy compound in the obtained polycarbonate resin is large, there may be a problem of contamination of the apparatus and odor during molding.
- the upper limit of the content of the monohydroxy compound in the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually 1200 ppm by weight or less, preferably 650 ppm by weight or less, and particularly 500 ppm by weight or less. It is preferable.
- the content of the monohydroxy compound in the polycarbonate resin is reduced, And generation
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.1 ppm by weight or more, more preferably 1 ppm by weight or more, and particularly preferably 10 ppm by weight or more. If the amount is too small, it is necessary to apply excessive heat or lengthen the reaction residence time in the purification stage, which may cause deterioration of the color tone of the polymer, and the above-mentioned range is preferable.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is a polycarbonate resin containing a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (1).
- the polycarbonate resin is a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (4), or a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (5), in addition to the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (1).
- a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (6), a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (7), and a dihydroxy compound represented by the following formula (8) It is preferable to include a structural unit derived from a dihydroxy compound.
- HO—R 5 —OH (5) (In the above formula (5), R 5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.) HO—CH 2 —R 6 —CH 2 —OH (6) (In the above formula (6), R 6 represents a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.) H— (O—R 7 ) p —OH (7) (In the above formula (7), R 7 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and p is an integer of 2 to 100.) HO—R 8 —OH (8) (In the above formula (8), R 8 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms.)
- the carbon number of various groups means the total number of carbon atoms including the carbon number of the substituent when the group has a substituent.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention contains a structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (1).
- Examples of the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (1) include anhydrous sugar alcohols such as isosorbide, isomannide and isoidet which are in a stereoisomeric relationship. These may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Among these dihydroxy compounds, isosorbide obtained by dehydrating condensation of sorbitol produced from various starches that are abundant as resources and are readily available is easy to obtain and manufacture, optical properties, moldability From the viewpoint of the above, it is most preferable.
- anhydrous sugar alcohols such as isosorbide, isomannide and isoidet which are in a stereoisomeric relationship. These may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- isosorbide obtained by dehydrating condensation of sorbitol produced from various starches that are abundant as resources and are readily available is easy to obtain and manufacture, optical properties, moldability From the viewpoint of the above, it is most preferable.
- the ratio is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the required performance of the polycarbonate resin. Good.
- the polycarbonate resin may be a dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (4), a dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5), a dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (6), or the above.
- a structural unit derived from one or more dihydroxy compounds selected from the group consisting of the dihydroxy compound represented by formula (7) and the dihydroxy compound represented by formula (8) can be included.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (4) has a cyclic ether structure in the molecule, and is a compound called spiroglycol.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5) is an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 18 carbon atoms, in R 5 .
- R 5 has a substituent
- examples of the substituent include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- examples of the substituent include an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a propoxy group, and an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- This dihydroxy compound has a ring structure, whereby it is possible to increase the toughness of a molded product when the obtained polycarbonate resin is molded, and in particular, the toughness when molded into a film can be increased.
- the cycloalkylene group for R 5 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydrocarbon group having a ring structure, and may be a bridge structure having a bridgehead carbon atom.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5) is a compound containing a 5-membered ring structure or a 6-membered ring structure, that is, R 5 is A dihydroxy compound which is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexylene group is preferred.
- the heat resistance of the polycarbonate resin obtained can be made high by including a 5-membered ring structure or a 6-membered ring structure.
- the 6-membered ring structure may be fixed in a chair shape or a boat shape by a covalent bond.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the formula (5) is preferably R 5 is various isomers represented by the following formula (9).
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- substituent include alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, and propoxy group, and aryl groups such as phenyl group and naphthyl group. It is done.
- dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5) more specifically, tetramethylcyclobutanediol, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol, 1,2-cyclopentanediol, 1,3-cyclopentanediol, 1,2-cyclohexanediol, 1,3-cyclohexanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 2-methyl-1,4-cyclohexanediol, tricyclodecanediols, pentacyclodiols
- the present invention is not limited to these. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (6) is an alicyclic dihydroxy compound having a substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkylene group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms, in R 6 .
- R 6 has a substituent
- examples of the substituent include a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- examples of the substituent include an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and a propoxy group, and an aryl group such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- This dihydroxy compound has a ring structure, whereby it is possible to increase the toughness of a molded product when the obtained polycarbonate resin is molded, and in particular, the toughness when molded into a film can be increased.
- the cycloalkylene group for R 6 is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydrocarbon group having a ring structure, and may be a bridge structure having a bridgehead carbon atom.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (6) is a compound having a 5-membered ring structure or a 6-membered ring structure, that is, R 6 is A dihydroxy compound which is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclohexylene group is preferred.
- the heat resistance of the polycarbonate resin obtained can be made high by including a 5-membered ring structure or a 6-membered ring structure.
- the 6-membered ring structure may be fixed in a chair shape or a boat shape by a covalent bond.
- R 6 is preferably various isomers represented by the above formula (9).
- dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (6) 1,2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 3,8-bis (hydroxy) Methyl) tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2.6 ] decane, 3,9-bis (hydroxymethyl) tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2.6 ] decane, 4,8-bis (hydroxymethyl) Examples include, but are not limited to, tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2.6 ] decane, 4,9-bis (hydroxymethyl) tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2.6 ] decane, and the like. It is not a thing.
- these dihydroxy compounds may be obtained as a mixture of isomers for production reasons, they can be used as they are as an isomer mixture.
- cyclohexanedimethanols are particularly preferable. From the viewpoint of easy availability and ease of handling, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1 1,3-cyclohexanedimethanol and 1,2-cyclohexanedimethanol are preferred.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (7) is a compound having a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 5 carbon atoms, in R 7 .
- p is an integer of 2 to 100, preferably an integer of 6 to 50, more preferably an integer of 12 to 40.
- dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (7) examples include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (molecular weight: 150 to 4000), but are not limited thereto.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (7) is preferably polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 300 to 2000, and more preferably polyethylene glycol having a molecular number of 600 to 1500. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (8) is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, for R 8 .
- the alkylene group for R 8 has a substituent
- examples of the substituent include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- dihydroxy compounds represented by the above formula (8) specific examples of the dihydroxy compound in which R 8 is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4 -Butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol and the like are exemplified, but not limited thereto.
- 1,3-propanediol, 1,6-polysaccharide are preferable from the viewpoints of availability, ease of handling, high reactivity during polymerization, and hue of the obtained polycarbonate resin.
- Hexanediol is preferred.
- spiroglycol having an acetal ring is preferable.
- the polycarbonate resin is a structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (4), a structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5), or the above formula (6).
- the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound represented the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (7), and the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (8), the above formula ( It is preferable that the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by 6) and / or the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the formula (7) is included.
- disassembly in reactivity, heat resistance, and thermal residence it is more preferable that the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the said Formula (6) is included.
- the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formulas (4) to (8) may be replaced with a structural unit derived from another dihydroxy compound as necessary.
- Examples of other dihydroxy compounds include bisphenols, ethylene oxide (EO) additions of bisphenols, and fluorene compounds.
- EO ethylene oxide
- fluorene compound examples include 9,9-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) fluorene, and 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-ethyl).
- Phenyl) fluorene 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-n-propylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-isopropylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-) 3-n-butylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-sec-butylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-tert-propylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9 -Bis (4-hydroxy-3-cyclohexylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4-hydroxy-3-phenyl) Enyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) phenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis (4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -3-methylphenyl) fluorene, 9,9-bis ( 4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -3-isopropylphenyl) fluorene, 9,
- the structural unit derived from such a dihydroxy compound is polycarbonate. It is preferably used in an amount of 50 mol% or less, more preferably 20 mol% or less, and further preferably 5 mol% or less, based on the total of structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound in the resin. It is preferable that especially polycarbonate resin does not contain the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound which has an aromatic ring in a structure other than what is represented by the said Formula (1).
- the content ratio of the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (1) contained in the polycarbonate resin is preferably 20% by weight or more with respect to the total of the structural units derived from the dihydroxy compound. More preferably, it is 25 weight% or more, More preferably, it is 30 weight% or more. Moreover, it is 95 weight% or less normally, Preferably it is 90 weight% or less.
- the content of the structural unit is too small, the heat resistance is small and the surface hardness may be inferior. Moreover, when there is too much content rate of this structural unit, the glass transition temperature of polycarbonate resin may become high too much, and shaping
- the polycarbonate resin is represented by the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (4), the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (5), the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formula (6), and the above formula (7).
- the content ratio is derived from the dihydroxy compound contained in the polycarbonate resin. Is preferably 0.1% by weight or more and less than 20% by weight, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more and 18% by weight or less, and further preferably 0.2% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less. Is appropriate.
- the structural unit derived from the dihydroxy compound represented by the above formulas (4) to (8) is contained in the polycarbonate resin in the above lower limit value or more, when the polycarbonate resin is melted and molded, foreign matter or bubbles due to heat Generation of the resin can be prevented, and coloring of the polycarbonate resin can be prevented.
- the number of structural units is excessively large, light resistance tends to be lowered when formed into a molded product.
- All dihydroxy compounds used in the production of the polycarbonate resin in the present invention contain a stabilizer such as a reducing agent, an antioxidant, an oxygen scavenger, a light stabilizer, an antacid, a pH stabilizer or a heat stabilizer. May be.
- a stabilizer such as a reducing agent, an antioxidant, an oxygen scavenger, a light stabilizer, an antacid, a pH stabilizer or a heat stabilizer. May be.
- a basic stabilizer since the specific dihydroxy compound in the present invention is easily altered under acidic conditions, it is preferable to include a basic stabilizer.
- Examples of the basic stabilizer include hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, phosphites, hypophosphites of group 1 or group 2 metals in the long-period periodic table (Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry IUPAC Recommendations 2005).
- Phosphate, borate and fatty acid salt tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, trimethylethylammonium hydroxide, trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide , Triethylmethylammonium hydroxide, triethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, triethylpheny Basic ammonium compounds such as ammonium hydroxide, tributylbenzylammonium hydroxide, tributylphenylammonium hydroxide, tetraphenylammonium hydroxide, benzyltriphenylammonium hydroxide, methyltriphenylammonium hydroxide and butyltriphenylammonium hydroxide, diethylamine , Dibutylamine,
- the content of these basic stabilizers in all dihydroxy compounds used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the specific dihydroxy compound used in the present invention is unstable in an acidic state, and therefore the above stabilizer is used. It is preferable to add a stabilizer so that the pH of the aqueous solution containing the specific dihydroxy compound is around 7.
- the basic stabilizer is preferably 0.0001 wt% to 1 wt%, more preferably 0.001 wt% to 0.1 wt%, for each dihydroxy compound used in the present invention. is there.
- the basic stabilizers When these basic stabilizers are included in the dihydroxy compound used in the present invention and used as a raw material for producing a polycarbonate resin, the basic stabilizer itself becomes a polymerization catalyst, and it becomes difficult to control the polymerization rate or quality. The resin hue will be deteriorated.
- the basic stabilizer is removed by ion exchange resin or distillation before use as a polycarbonate resin production raw material. It is preferable.
- the specific dihydroxy compound used in the present invention is apt to be gradually oxidized by oxygen, in order to prevent decomposition due to oxygen during storage or handling during manufacture, water should not be mixed in and removed. It is preferable to use an oxygen agent or to have a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention can be obtained by polycondensation by a transesterification reaction using a dihydroxy compound containing the above-mentioned specific dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester as raw materials.
- a carbonic acid diester used what is represented by following formula (10) is mentioned normally. These carbonic acid diesters may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a 1 and A 2 are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and A 1 and A 2 may be the same or different.
- a preferable example of A 1 and A 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a more preferable example is an unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- Examples of the carbonic acid diester represented by the above formula (10) include substituted diphenyl carbonate such as diphenyl carbonate (DPC) and ditolyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and di-t-butyl carbonate. Among them, preferred is diphenyl carbonate or substituted diphenyl carbonate, and particularly preferred is diphenyl carbonate.
- DPC diphenyl carbonate
- ditolyl carbonate dimethyl carbonate
- diethyl carbonate diethyl carbonate
- di-t-butyl carbonate diphenyl carbonate
- carbonic acid diester may contain impurities such as chloride ions, and the impurities may hinder the polymerization reaction or deteriorate the hue of the resulting polycarbonate resin. It is preferable to use a product purified by the above.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is produced by transesterification of the above-described dihydroxy compound and carbonic acid diester. More specifically, it can be obtained by transesterification and removing by-product monohydroxy compounds and the like out of the system.
- transesterification reaction polycondensation is performed in the presence of a transesterification reaction catalyst.
- the transesterification reaction catalyst (hereinafter simply referred to as a catalyst or a polymerization catalyst) that can be used in the production of the polycarbonate resin in the present invention may be used. ) Can greatly affect the reaction rate or the quality of the polycarbonate resin obtained by polycondensation.
- the catalyst used is not limited as long as it can satisfy the transparency, hue, heat resistance, weather resistance, and mechanical strength of the produced polycarbonate resin.
- metal compounds of Group 1 or Group 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as “Group 1” or “Group 2”) in the long-period periodic table, as well as basic boron compounds, basic phosphorus compounds, and basic ammonium compounds And basic compounds such as amine compounds.
- Group 1 metal compounds and / or Group 2 metal compounds are used.
- Examples of the Group 1 metal compound include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, lithium hydrogen carbonate, cesium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and carbonic acid. Lithium, cesium carbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, cesium acetate, sodium stearate, potassium stearate, lithium stearate, cesium stearate, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, lithium borohydride, hydrogenated Cesium boron, sodium borohydride, potassium phenyl boronate, lithium phenyl boronide, cesium phenyl borohydride, sodium benzoate, potassium benzoate, lithium benzoate, cesium benzoate, hydrogen phosphate Sodium, 2 potassium hydrogen phosphate, 2 lithium hydrogen phosphate, 2 cesium hydrogen phosphate, 2 sodium phenyl phosphate, 2 potassium phenyl phosphate, 2 lithium
- Examples of the Group 2 metal compound include calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, calcium hydrogen carbonate, barium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium hydrogen carbonate, strontium hydrogen carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, carbonic acid.
- Examples thereof include magnesium, strontium carbonate, calcium acetate, barium acetate, magnesium acetate, strontium acetate, calcium stearate, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, and strontium stearate.
- a magnesium compound, a calcium compound or a barium compound is preferable, and from the viewpoint of polymerization activity and the hue of the obtained polycarbonate resin, a magnesium compound and / or a calcium compound is more preferable, and a calcium compound is most preferable.
- a basic compound such as a basic boron compound, a basic phosphorus compound, a basic ammonium compound, and an amine compound can be used in combination with the above-mentioned Group 1 metal compound and / or Group 2 metal compound.
- a basic compound such as a basic boron compound, a basic phosphorus compound, a basic ammonium compound, and an amine compound
- Examples of the basic boron compound include tetramethyl boron, tetraethyl boron, tetrapropyl boron, tetrabutyl boron, trimethylethyl boron, trimethylbenzyl boron, trimethylphenyl boron, triethylmethyl boron, triethylbenzyl boron, triethylphenyl boron, Sodium salt such as tributylbenzylboron, tributylphenylboron, tetraphenylboron, benzyltriphenylboron, methyltriphenylboron, butyltriphenylboron, sodium salt, potassium salt, lithium salt, calcium salt, barium salt, magnesium salt, strontium salt, etc. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the basic phosphorus compound include triethylphosphine, tri-n-propylphosphine, triisopropylphosphine, tri-n-butylphosphine, triphenylphosphine, tributylphosphine, and quaternary phosphonium salts.
- Examples of the basic ammonium compound include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, trimethylethylammonium hydroxide, trimethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide.
- Triethylmethylammonium hydroxide triethylbenzylammonium hydroxide, triethylphenylammonium hydroxide, tributylbenzylammonium hydroxide, tributylphenylammonium hydroxide, tetraphenylammonium hydroxide, benzyltriphenylammonium hydroxide, methyltriphenylammonium Hydroxide and butyltriphenyl ammonium hydroxide, and the like.
- Examples of the amine compound include 4-aminopyridine, 2-aminopyridine, N, N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine, 4-diethylaminopyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 2-methoxypyridine, and 4-methoxypyridine.
- the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is preferably 0.1 ⁇ mol to 300 ⁇ mol, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ mol to 100 ⁇ mol, and particularly preferably 1 ⁇ mol to 50 ⁇ mol per 1 mol of all dihydroxy compounds used in the polymerization.
- the total dihydroxy compound is used as the metal amount.
- the amount per mol is preferably 0.1 ⁇ mol or more, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ mol or more, and particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ mol or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 20 ⁇ mol or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ mol or less, still more preferably 5 ⁇ mol or less, and particularly preferably 3 ⁇ mol or less.
- the amount of the catalyst is too small, the polymerization rate is slowed down. Therefore, in order to obtain a polycarbonate resin having a desired molecular weight, the polymerization temperature must be increased by that much. Therefore, there is a high possibility that the hue of the obtained polycarbonate resin is deteriorated, and the unreacted raw material volatilizes during the polymerization, and the molar ratio of the dihydroxy compound and the carbonic acid diester collapses, and the desired molecular weight may not be reached. There is sex. On the other hand, if the amount of the polymerization catalyst used is too large, undesirable side reactions may occur, and the resulting polycarbonate resin may be deteriorated in hue or colored during molding.
- the total amount of the compounds of these metals in the polycarbonate resin is preferably 1 ppm by weight or less, more preferably 0.5 ppm by weight or less as the amount of metal.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention can be obtained by polycondensing a dihydroxy compound containing a specific dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester by an ester exchange reaction.
- the raw material dihydroxy compound and carbonic acid diester are preferably mixed uniformly before the transesterification reaction.
- the mixing temperature is usually 80 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher.
- the upper limit is 250 degrees C or less normally, Preferably it is 200 degrees C or less, More preferably, it is 150 degrees C or less. Among these, 100 ° C. or higher and 120 ° C. or lower is preferable.
- the mixing temperature is too low, the dissolution rate may be slow or the solubility may be insufficient, often causing problems such as solidification, and if the mixing temperature is too high, the dihydroxy compound may be thermally deteriorated. As a result, the hue and thermal stability of the polycarbonate resin obtained may be adversely affected.
- the operation of mixing the dihydroxy compound containing a specific dihydroxy compound as a raw material of the polycarbonate resin and the carbonic acid diester in the present invention is preferably an oxygen concentration of 10 vol% or less, more preferably 0.0001 vol% to 10 vol%, and still more preferably. It is carried out in an atmosphere of 0.0001 vol% to 5 vol%, particularly preferably 0.0001 vol% to 1 vol%. By being in the above range, it becomes possible to prevent the deterioration of the hue.
- a carbonic diester in a molar ratio of 0.94 to 1.04 with respect to all dihydroxy compounds including the specific dihydroxy compound used in the reaction, more preferably 0.8.
- the molar ratio is 98 to 1.02, more preferably 1.00 to 1.01. When this molar ratio becomes small, the terminal phenyl group of the produced polycarbonate resin is reduced, and appearance defects during molding are likely to occur.
- the rate of transesterification may be reduced, or it may be difficult to produce a polycarbonate resin having a desired molecular weight.
- the decrease in the transesterification reaction rate may increase the heat history during the polymerization reaction, and may deteriorate the hue and weather resistance of the resulting polycarbonate resin.
- the amount of residual carbonic acid diester in the obtained polycarbonate resin and the compound represented by the above formula (3) are increased, and molding is performed. It may lead to problems such as dirt, odor, and poor appearance.
- the method of polycondensing a dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester is usually carried out in multiple stages using a plurality of reactors in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst.
- the type of reaction may be any of a batch method, a continuous method, or a combination of a batch method and a continuous method, but a continuous method is preferred, in which a polycarbonate resin can be obtained with less heat history and excellent productivity.
- the unreacted monomer will be distilled, causing the molar ratio of the dihydroxy compound and the carbonic acid diester to change, resulting in a decrease in the polymerization rate.
- a polymer having a predetermined molecular weight or terminal group cannot be obtained, and as a result, the object of the present invention may not be achieved.
- the temperature of the refrigerant introduced into the reflux cooler can be appropriately selected according to the monomer used. Usually, the temperature of the refrigerant introduced into the reflux cooler is 45 to 180 ° C. at the inlet of the reflux cooler. It is preferably 80 to 150 ° C., particularly preferably 100 to 130 ° C.
- the temperature of the refrigerant is too high, the amount of reflux is reduced and the effect is reduced. On the contrary, if the temperature of the refrigerant is too low, the distillation efficiency of the monohydroxy compound that should be distilled off tends to decrease.
- the refrigerant hot water, steam, heat medium oil or the like is used, and steam or heat medium oil is preferable.
- the selection of the type and amount of the catalyst described above is important in order to maintain the polymerization rate appropriately and suppress the distillation of the monomer while not impairing the hue of the final polycarbonate resin.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is preferably produced by polymerizing in multiple stages using a plurality of reactors using a catalyst.
- the reason for carrying out the polymerization in a plurality of reactors is that at the initial stage of the polymerization reaction, since there are many monomers contained in the reaction solution, it is important to suppress the volatilization of the monomers while maintaining the necessary polymerization rate. This is because, in the latter stage of the polymerization reaction, it is important to sufficiently distill off the by-produced monohydroxy compound in order to shift the equilibrium to the polymerization side.
- At least two or more reactors may be used for producing the polycarbonate resin in the present invention.
- the number is preferably 3 or more, more preferably 3 to 5, and particularly preferably 4.
- a plurality of reaction stages having different conditions may be provided in the reactor, or the temperature and pressure may be continuously changed.
- the polymerization catalyst can be added to the raw material preparation tank, the raw material storage tank, or directly to the polymerization tank.
- a catalyst supply line is installed in the middle of the raw material line before being supplied to the polymerization tank, and preferably supplied as an aqueous solution.
- the internal temperature of the polymerization reactor is 130 to 210 ° C., preferably 150 to 205 ° C., more preferably 170 to 200 ° C.
- the reaction system pressure (absolute pressure) is 1 to 110 kPa, preferably 5 to 70 kPa, more preferably 7 to 30 kPa (absolute pressure), and the reaction time is 0.1 to 10 hours, preferably 0.
- the reaction is carried out while distilling off the generated monohydroxy compound out of the reaction system for 5 to 3 hours.
- the pressure in the reaction system is gradually reduced from the pressure in the first stage, and subsequently generated monohydroxy compounds are removed from the reaction system.
- the pressure in the second and subsequent stages is 15 kPa or less, and finally the reaction system pressure (absolute pressure) is 600 Pa or less, and the internal temperature
- the maximum temperature is 190 to 240 ° C., preferably 195 to 235 ° C., and usually 0.1 to 5 hours, preferably 0.1 to 4 hours, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 hours.
- the maximum internal temperature in all reaction stages is 240 ° C. It is preferable that the temperature is less than 210.degree.
- reaction time when the internal temperature in all the reaction stages is 210 ° C. or higher and lower than 240 ° C. is less than 3 hours, whereby the polycarbonate resin can be prevented from being colored or thermally deteriorated to obtain a polycarbonate resin having a good hue.
- the amount of the compound represented by the above formula (3) can be controlled, and is preferably within 2.5 hours.
- the monohydroxy compound produced as a by-product is preferably reused as a raw material for diphenyl carbonate, bisphenol A, etc. after purification as necessary from the viewpoint of effective resource utilization.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention is usually cooled and solidified after polycondensation as described above, and pelletized with a rotary cutter or the like.
- the method of pelletization is not limited, but it is extracted from the final polymerization reactor in a molten state, cooled and solidified in the form of a strand, and pelletized, or from the final polymerization reactor in a molten state, uniaxial or biaxial extrusion.
- the resin is supplied to the machine, melt-extruded, cooled and solidified into pellets, or extracted from the final polymerization reactor in a molten state, cooled and solidified in the form of strands, once pelletized, and then uniaxially again Alternatively, a method may be mentioned in which resin is supplied to a biaxial extruder, melt-extruded, cooled and solidified, and pelletized.
- the residual monomer is devolatilized under reduced pressure, and generally known thermal stabilizers, neutralizers, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, mold release agents, colorants, antistatic agents Further, a lubricant, a lubricant, a plasticizer, a compatibilizer, a flame retardant and the like can be added and kneaded.
- the melt-kneading temperature in the extruder depends on the glass transition temperature and molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin, but is usually 200 to 300 ° C, preferably 210 to 280 ° C, more preferably 220 to 270 ° C.
- the melt kneading temperature is lower than 200 ° C.
- the melt viscosity of the polycarbonate resin is high, the load on the extruder is increased, and the productivity is lowered.
- the melt-kneading temperature is higher than 300 ° C., the polycarbonate resin is severely deteriorated by heat, leading to a decrease in mechanical strength due to a decrease in molecular weight, coloring, and generation of bubbles due to the generation of gas during film formation.
- the molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin in the present invention thus obtained can be represented by a reduced viscosity.
- the reduced viscosity is usually 0.30 dL / g or more, preferably 0.35 dL / g or more.
- the upper limit of the reduced viscosity is usually 1.20 dL / g or less, preferably 1.00 dL / g or less, and more preferably 0.80 dL / g or less.
- the reduced viscosity of the polycarbonate resin is too low, the mechanical strength of the molded product may be small. On the other hand, when the reduced viscosity is too large, the fluidity during molding is lowered, and the productivity and moldability tend to be lowered.
- the reduced viscosity of the polycarbonate resin was measured using a Ubbelohde viscosity tube at a temperature of 20.0 ° C. ⁇ 0.1 ° C., using methylene chloride as a solvent and adjusting the polycarbonate resin concentration to 0.6 g / dL precisely. The Details of the method for measuring the reduced viscosity are described in the Examples section.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention preferably contains a phosphorus compound added to deactivate the polymerization catalyst and further suppress coloring of the polycarbonate resin at a high temperature.
- the phosphorus compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, hypophosphorous acid, polyphosphoric acid, phosphonic acid, phosphonic acid ester, acidic phosphoric acid ester, and aliphatic cyclic phosphite ester. It is preferable to use seeds. Among them, phosphorous acid, phosphonic acid, and phosphonic acid ester are more excellent in catalyst deactivation and coloring suppression effects, and phosphonic acid ester is particularly preferable.
- Examples of phosphonic acid include phosphonic acid (phosphorous acid), methylphosphonic acid, ethylphosphonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, decylphosphonic acid, phenylphosphonic acid, benzylphosphonic acid, aminomethylphosphonic acid, methylenediphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane- Examples include 1,1-diphosphonic acid, 4-methoxyphenylphosphonic acid, nitrilotris (methylenephosphonic acid), and propylphosphonic anhydride.
- Phosphonic acid esters include dimethyl phosphonate, diethyl phosphonate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphonate, dilauryl phosphonate, dioleyl phosphonate, diphenyl phosphonate, dibenzyl phosphonate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, diphenyl methylphosphonate, ethylphosphonic acid Diethyl, diethyl benzylphosphonate, dimethyl phenylphosphonate, diethyl phenylphosphonate, dipropyl phenylphosphonate, diethyl (methoxymethyl) phosphonate, diethyl vinylphosphonate, diethyl hydroxymethylphosphonate, dimethyl (2-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate, diethyl p-methylbenzylphosphonate, diethylphosphonoacetic acid, ethyl diethylphosphonoacetate, tert-butyl die
- Acid phosphate esters include dimethyl phosphate, diethyl phosphate, divinyl phosphate, dipropyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, bis (butoxyethyl) phosphate, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, diisotridecyl phosphate, phosphate
- Examples include phosphoric acid diesters such as dioleyl, distearyl phosphate, diphenyl phosphate, and dibenzyl phosphate, or mixtures of diesters and monoesters, diethyl chlorophosphate, and zinc stearyl phosphate.
- An aliphatic cyclic phosphite is defined as a phosphite compound that does not contain an aromatic group in a cyclic structure containing a phosphorus atom.
- the content of the phosphorus compound is not particularly limited, but the content of phosphorus atoms in the polycarbonate resin is preferably 0.02 ppm by weight or more and 0.7 ppm by weight or less, preferably 0.05 ppm by weight or more. 0.65 wt ppm or less is more preferable, and 0.07 wt ppm or more and 0.60 wt ppm or less is particularly preferable.
- the phosphorus compound is usually phosphorus trichloride as a starting material, unreacted substances and chlorine-containing components derived from detached hydrochloric acid may remain, but the chlorine atom contained in the phosphorus compound may remain.
- the amount is preferably 5% by weight or less. If the residual amount of chlorine atoms is large, there is a concern that the metal part of the production facility to which the phosphorus compound is added may be corroded, the thermal stability of the polycarbonate resin may be reduced, and the molecular weight may be reduced due to coloring or thermal deterioration. is there.
- the phosphorus compound is preferably added and kneaded into the polycarbonate resin using an extruder.
- it is most effective to supply the polycarbonate resin to the extruder in a molten state after polymerization and immediately add the phosphorus compound to the resin.
- the catalyst is deactivated and devolatilization is performed by a vacuum vent with an extruder, low molecular components can be efficiently devolatilized.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention can be expected to further improve the color tone of the polycarbonate resin by containing a hindered phenol compound in addition to the phosphorus compound.
- hindered phenol compounds include 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2-tert-butyl- 4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, n- Octadecyl-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2-tert-butyl-6- (3′-tert-butyl-5′-methyl-2′-hydroxy Benzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate, 2,2'-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) 2,2'-methylene-bis- (6-cyclohexyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-ethy
- the content of the hindered phenol compound in the polycarbonate resin is preferably 0.001 to 1 part by weight, preferably 0.005 to 0.5 part by weight, when the polycarbonate resin is 100 parts by weight. Is more preferable, and 0.01 to 0.3 parts by weight is even more preferable.
- a hindered phenol compound and the following antioxidants are added and kneaded to the polycarbonate resin using an extruder, similarly to the phosphorus compound.
- antioxidant For the purpose of antioxidant, a generally known antioxidant can also be added to the polycarbonate resin in the present invention.
- the antioxidant include triphenyl phosphite, tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite, tris (2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, Trioctadecyl phosphite, didecyl monophenyl phosphite, dioctyl monophenyl phosphite, diisopropyl monophenyl phosphite, monobutyl diphenyl phosphite, monodecyl diphenyl phosphite, monooctyl diphenyl phosphite, 2,2-methylenebis (4 6-di-tert-butylphenyl) octe
- antioxidants may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of these antioxidants is preferably 0.0001 parts by weight to 0.1 parts by weight, more preferably 0.0005 parts by weight to 0.08 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin. More preferred is 0.001 to 0.05 parts by weight.
- the polycarbonate resin in the present invention can also contain a bluing agent.
- the bluing agent used in the present invention is appropriately selected from the bluing agents usually used in polycarbonate resin compositions, and may be used by adjusting the blending amount. Good.
- the content of the bluing agent in the polycarbonate resin is usually preferably 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 10.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by weight, more preferably 0, when the polycarbonate resin (A) is 100 parts by weight. 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 to 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by weight.
- the content of the bluing agent is 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by weight or more, the YI value before and after the accelerated light resistance test of the polycarbonate resin plate in the present invention is in a specific range, or the b * value is 3 Since it becomes easy to make it below, it is preferable.
- the content of the bluing agent is 10.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 parts by weight or less, the brightness does not decrease, and therefore it is preferable to make the L * value 90 or more.
- the bluing agent used in the present invention those used for the polycarbonate resin composition can be suitably used.
- the maximum absorption wavelength is preferably 520 to 600 nm, more preferably 540.
- a dye of ⁇ 580 nm is used.
- preferable anthraquinone-based bluing agents for use in the present invention include, for example, the general name Solvent Violet 13 [CA. No. (Color Index No) 60725; Trade Names “Malexex Violet B” manufactured by LANXESS, “Diaresin Blue G” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, “Sumiplast Violet B” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.], Solvent Violet 14 , Generic name Solvent Violet 31 [CA. No. 68210; Trade names “Diaresin Violet D” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation], Solvent Violet 33 [CA. No. 60725; Trade names: “Diaresin Blue J” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, Solvent Violet 36 [CA. No.
- the general name Solvent Violet 13 [“Macrolex Violet B” manufactured by LANXESS, Inc.]
- the general name Solvent Violet 36 [“Macrolex Violet 3R” manufactured by LANXESS, Inc.]
- the general name Solvent Blue97 [“Macrolex Blue RR” manufactured by LANXESS, Inc.
- the general name Solvent Violet 13 [“Macrolex Violet B” manufactured by LANXESS, Inc.] is more preferable.
- a dye having a structure represented by the following formula (11), that is, the general name Solvent Violet 13 [CA. No. (Color Index No) 60725; trade names “Macrolex Violet B” manufactured by LANXESS, “Diaresin Blue G” manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, and “Sumiplast Violet B” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.] are preferable.
- a pigment having a maximum absorption wavelength of preferably 520 to 600 nm, more preferably 540 to 580 nm can be used as the bluing agent, and the above-described dye and pigment can be used in combination.
- one type of bluing agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination, but the amount of bluing agent used is preferably small, and the type of bluing agent used is also Less is preferable.
- the blending time and blending method of the above bluing agent to be blended with the polycarbonate resin (A) are not particularly limited.
- the blending time for example, a method of adding together with the raw material before the polymerization reaction and performing the polymerization as it is, a method of blending with a pipe or an extruder at the end of the polymerization reaction, a method of blending when the polycarbonate resin and other compounding agents are melt-kneaded Etc. It is preferable to mix by kneading after the completion of the polymerization reaction because the dispersion of the bluing agent is improved and the b * value and the L * value can be easily adjusted.
- a method of introducing into a extruder in a molten state after completion of the polycondensation reaction, blending a bluing agent and melt-kneading is preferable because the influence of heat history and oxygen mixing can be minimized.
- the ultraviolet absorber used in the present invention is not limited as long as it has the physical properties specified by the present invention and absorbs light in the ultraviolet wavelength region.
- the melting point of the ultraviolet absorber used in the present invention is 135 ° C. or higher. Moreover, 140 degreeC or more is more preferable, and 145 degreeC or more is further more preferable. Further, the melting point of the ultraviolet absorbent used in the present invention is less than 300 ° C. Moreover, 290 degrees C or less is more preferable, and 280 degrees C or less is further more preferable.
- the melting point is within this range, roll contamination and deposits on the T-die can be reduced during extrusion film formation, and the appearance of the film is improved.
- the ultraviolet absorber is kneaded by kneading with an extruder, the ultraviolet absorber particles are completely melted and uniformly dispersed, so that it is possible to prevent a film appearance defect derived from the ultraviolet absorber particles.
- the 5% weight loss temperature of the ultraviolet absorber used in the present invention is higher than 240 ° C. Moreover, it is preferable that it is higher than 245 degreeC, and it is more preferable that it is higher than 250 degreeC. By being in this range, it is possible to prevent the ultraviolet absorber from being decomposed during melt-kneading. As a result, not only the ability of the UV absorber can be fully exerted, but the decomposition product accumulates in the extrusion vent to prevent continuous operation, or the decomposition product accumulates on the T-die, roll, etc. Can be prevented.
- a ultraviolet absorber contains more than 0.45 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of polycarbonate resin. Moreover, it is preferable to contain exceeding 0.47 weight part, and it is more preferable to contain exceeding 0.5 weight part. By being in this range, a desired transmittance can be maintained in the ultraviolet region, and a desired effect can be obtained.
- the ultraviolet absorber is contained in an amount of 7 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin. Further, it is more preferably 5 parts by weight or less, and further preferably 3 parts by weight or less. By being in this range, not only the appearance failure of the film due to roll contamination can be prevented, but also an increase in foreign matter due to aggregation of the ultraviolet absorber can be prevented.
- the preferred thickness accuracy in the width direction varies depending on the required physical properties for each application, but is usually within ⁇ 10%, preferably within ⁇ 5%, particularly preferably within ⁇ 3%.
- the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin composition is not greatly lowered after the addition of the ultraviolet absorber, and heat resistance can be maintained.
- the glass transition temperature of the composition is within 7 ° C., preferably within 5 ° C., more preferably within 3 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin to which no ultraviolet absorber is added.
- Preferred ultraviolet absorbers include triazine, benzophenone, benzotriazole, quinolinone, benzoate, cyanoacrylate, benzoxazole and the like.
- Triazine UV absorber examples include 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy- 4-ethoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy- 4-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,6-diphenyl-4- ( 2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5- Liazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-methoxyphenyl)
- “Kemisorb 102”) 2,4,6-tris (2-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine
- ADKA STAB LA-F70 2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) -5- (2- (2-ethylhexanoyloxy) ethoxy) phenol
- ADKA STAB LA-46 manufactured by ADEKA Corporation
- 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine BASF Japan Ltd. “Tinuvin 1577” It is below.
- benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-benzyloxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy- 4-methoxy-5-sulfoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfoxytrihydridolate benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octadecyloxy-benzophenone, 2 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2 ', 4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4 '-Dimethoxy- 5-sodiumsulfoxybenzophenone, bis (5-benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl) methan
- benzotriazole UV absorber examples include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- [2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-). tert-butyl-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 5′-bis ( ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl) phenyl] -benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) -benzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butyl-5′-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzo Triazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) -5-ch
- indole UV absorber As the indole ultraviolet absorber, a compound represented by the following formula (12) can be used. For example, 2-[(1-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-indol-3-yl) methylene] propanedi Nitrile (“BONASORB UA-3901” manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like can be mentioned.
- BONASORB UA-3901 propanedi Nitrile
- R 1 to R 3 represent an arbitrary substituent.
- R 2 and R 3 may be substituted at one place or a plurality of places, and when a plurality of places are substituted, each substituent may be the same or different.
- quinolinone UV absorber As the quinolinone-based ultraviolet absorber, a compound represented by the following formula (13) can be used. For example, 4-hydroxy-3-[(phenylimino) methyl] -2 (1H) -quinolinone (orientate) And “BONASORB UA-3701” manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- R 4 to R 6 represent an arbitrary substituent.
- R 5 and R 6 may be substituted at one place or a plurality of places, and when a plurality of places are substituted, each substituent may be the same or different.
- benzoate UV absorber examples include 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxybenzoate, 2,6-di-t-butylphenyl- 3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxybenzoate, n-hexadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, n-octadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl -4-hydroxybenzoate and the like. These benzoate UV absorbers can be used as UV absorbers.
- Cyanoacrylate UV absorber examples include 2′-ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl acrylate, ethyl-2-cyano-3- (3 ′, 4′-methylenedioxyphenyl) -acrylate, and the like. Is mentioned. These cyanoacrylate ultraviolet absorbers can be used as ultraviolet absorbers. In this invention, an ultraviolet absorber may be used independently and may use 2 or more types together. Of these, triazine, benzotriazole, quinolinone, and indole are preferred from the viewpoints of thermal stability and less coloration on the resin.
- fluorescent whitening agents can also be used as other ultraviolet absorbers.
- fluorescent whitening agents can also be used as other ultraviolet absorbers.
- TINOPAL OB 2,5-bis (5-tert-butyl-2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene
- a benzoxazole type is preferable.
- Polycarbonate resin compositions in the present invention include, for example, aromatic polycarbonate resins, aromatic polyesters, aliphatic polyesters, polyamides, polystyrenes, polyolefins, acrylics, amorphous polyolefins, ABS, AS, and other synthetic resins, polylactic acid, polybutylene sushi It can also be used as a polymer alloy by kneading with one or more of biodegradable resins such as nate and rubber.
- the polycarbonate resin used in the present invention is a nucleating agent, a flame retardant, a flame retardant aid, an inorganic filler, an impact modifier, a hydrolysis inhibitor, and a foaming agent that are usually used in the resin composition together with these other resin components.
- a polycarbonate resin composition can be prepared by adding a dye or pigment.
- the polycarbonate resin film of this invention is a film obtained by shape
- the production method of the polycarbonate resin film is preferably a melt extrusion molding method such as a T-die molding method or an inflation molding method, and particularly preferably a T-die molding method.
- the polycarbonate resin film of the present invention When the polycarbonate resin film of the present invention is on the front surface or the back surface of the image display device, the displayed image must not be visually impaired due to defects or distortions. For this reason, when forming into a film by melt extrusion molding method, there are very few foreign matter defects derived from resin such as gels, bubbles, and burns, and there is no optical distortion such as local retardation due to uniform thickness in the width direction. Is required.
- the resin temperature during melt extrusion molding is usually in the range of 150 to 265 ° C., preferably 200 ° C. to 260 ° C., particularly preferably 210 ° C. to 250 ° C.
- the temperature is lower than the above temperature, the melt viscosity is too high and the extrusion load tends to be high.
- the temperature is higher than the above temperature, at least the polycarbonate resin in the resin composition starts to thermally decompose, and deterioration phenomena such as coloring and viscosity reduction occur.
- Resin extrusion is rectified by controlling the resin temperature so that the melt viscosity is suitable for molding, and by mutually controlling the feed rate of the raw material feeder, the screw speed of the extruder, and the feed rate of the gear pump.
- the preferred thickness accuracy in the width direction varies depending on the required physical properties for each application, but is usually within ⁇ 10%, preferably within ⁇ 5%, particularly preferably within ⁇ 3%.
- ⁇ Thickness measurement in the width direction is evaluated at each measurement point when there is a traverse type continuous thickness measuring machine in the continuous film forming line.
- the evaluation is based on the point measured with a dial gauge thickness meter or the like at intervals of 50 mm in the width direction.
- the evaluation is performed in the range in the width direction excluding the portion that is discarded after being slit.
- the cooling roll temperature is preferably Tg-100 ° C. to Tg + 50 ° C., more preferably Tg-80 ° C. to Tg + 40 ° C., particularly preferably Tg-60, with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polycarbonate resin composition. ° C to Tg + 30 ° C. More specifically, the cooling roll temperature is preferably 20 to 170 ° C., more preferably 40 to 160 ° C., and particularly preferably 60 to 150 ° C.
- the polycarbonate resin film in the present invention may be a stretched film, and can be formed into a retardation film by stretching in at least one direction.
- various stretching methods such as free-end stretching, fixed-end stretching, free-end contraction, and fixed-end contraction can be used singly or simultaneously or sequentially.
- the stretching direction can be performed in various directions and dimensions such as a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, a thickness direction, and a diagonal direction, and is not particularly limited.
- a transverse uniaxial stretching method, a longitudinal and transverse simultaneous biaxial stretching method, a longitudinal and transverse sequential biaxial stretching method, and the like can be mentioned.
- any suitable stretching machine such as a tenter stretching machine and a biaxial stretching machine can be used.
- the stretching temperature an appropriate value can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the stretching is Tg ⁇ 20 ° C. to Tg + 30 ° C. with respect to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the raw film (that is, the polycarbonate or the resin composition of the present invention which is a film forming material of the raw film), preferably Is carried out in the range of Tg-10 ° C to Tg + 20 ° C, more preferably Tg-5 ° C to Tg + 10 ° C.
- the stretching temperature is 90 ° C. to 210 ° C., more preferably 100 ° C. to 200 ° C., and particularly preferably 100 ° C. to 180 ° C.
- the draw ratio is appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and the unstretched case is 1 time, preferably 1.1 times to 6 times, more preferably 1.5 times to 4 times, and still more preferably 1.8 times. It is 2 times or more and 3 times or less, and particularly preferably 2 times or more and 2.5 times or less.
- the stretching speed is also appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is usually 50% to 2000%, preferably 100% to 1500%, more preferably 200% to 1000%, and particularly preferably 250% at a strain rate represented by the following formula. % To 500%. If the stretching speed is excessively high, breakage during stretching may be caused, or fluctuations in optical characteristics due to long-term use under high temperature conditions may increase. Further, when the stretching speed is excessively low, not only the productivity is lowered, but also the stretching ratio may have to be excessively increased in order to obtain a desired phase difference.
- Strain rate (% / min) ⁇ stretching rate (mm / min) / length of original film (mm) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- a heat setting treatment may be performed in a heating furnace after stretching, or the relaxation step may be performed by controlling the width of the tenter or adjusting the roll peripheral speed.
- the film of the present invention can be produced by appropriately selecting and adjusting the processing conditions in such a stretching step.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the film of the present invention is 120 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 50 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 30 ⁇ m or less. When the upper limit of the thickness of the film is within this range, it is efficient because a film having the same area can be produced with less film forming material. Furthermore, the thickness of the product using the film can be kept thin, and the uniformity can be controlled, which is useful for equipment that requires precision, thinness, and uniformity.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the film of the present invention is 5 ⁇ m or more. Preferably it is 10 micrometers or more. If the thickness of the film is excessively thin, handling of the film becomes extremely difficult, and wrinkles may occur during production, or it may be difficult to bond with other films or sheets such as a protective film. Such a problem can be solved when the lower limit of the thickness of the film of the present invention is within this range.
- the film of the present invention can be used as a polarizer protective film, and may be subjected to a hard coat layer, an antireflection treatment, an antisticking treatment, or a treatment for diffusion or antiglare.
- a treatment subjected to a corona discharge treatment, an ultraviolet irradiation treatment or the like may be used.
- the lower limit of the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is 0.001% or more. 0.005% or more is preferable, 0.008% or more is more preferable, and 0.01% or more is more preferable. If the transmittance is too low, the content of the ultraviolet absorber is inevitably increased, which may cause a poor appearance of the film.
- the upper limit of the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm of the film of the present invention is 15% or less. It is preferably 8% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and further preferably 0.1% or less. If the transmittance is too high, the polarizer may be deteriorated by ultraviolet rays when used in a polarizer protective film.
- the in-plane retardation at 548 nm is preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 110 nm or more, and further preferably 120 nm or more.
- the in-plane retardation is within this range, the image quality of the polarizing plate and the image display device obtained by using the present invention is extremely clear and good. Specifically, when a polarizing plate or an image display device obtained using the present invention is observed through polarized sunglasses, a rainbow pattern or the like caused by a change in viewing angle is unlikely to occur.
- the foreign matter in the film is evaluated by the method described later, preferably 15 pieces / m 2 or less, more preferably 10 pieces / m 2 or less, further preferably 5 pieces / m 2 or less, and 3 pieces / m 2 or less. Is particularly preferred. If there is a foreign substance exceeding this value, not only the appearance of the film is impaired, but also the optical physical properties of the film are significantly affected.
- the melting point was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC 6220 manufactured by SII Nano Technology). About 10 mg of the sample was put in an aluminum pan manufactured by the same company and sealed, and the temperature was raised from room temperature to 400 ° C. at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min in a nitrogen stream of 50 mL / min. .
- Glass transition temperature (Tg) of polycarbonate resin The glass transition temperature of the polycarbonate resin was measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC 6220 manufactured by SII Nanotechnology). About 10 mg of a polycarbonate resin sample was put in an aluminum pan manufactured by the same company and sealed, and the temperature was raised from room temperature to 250 ° C. at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min under a nitrogen stream of 50 mL / min. After maintaining the temperature for 3 minutes, it was cooled to 0 ° C. at a rate of 20 ° C./min. The temperature was maintained at 0 ° C. for 3 minutes, and the temperature was increased again to 200 ° C. at a rate of 20 ° C./min. From the DSC data obtained at the second temperature increase, the extrapolated glass transition start temperature was adopted.
- DSC 6220 manufactured by SII Nanotechnology
- Roll stains could be visually confirmed in 0 minutes or more and less than 15 minutes: XX What was able to confirm roll dirt visually in 15 minutes or more and less than 30 minutes: x What could be confirmed by visual observation of roll stains in 30 minutes or more and less than 60 minutes: ⁇ - What can confirm roll dirt visually within 60 minutes or more and less than 90 minutes: Roll contamination can be visually confirmed in 90 minutes to less than 120 minutes: ⁇ ⁇ What can confirm roll dirt visually within 120 minutes or more and less than 150 minutes: What can confirm the roll dirt visually in 150 minutes or more and less than 180 minutes:
- Thickness accuracy (%) ⁇ (maximum deviation from film thickness) / (film thickness) ⁇ ⁇ 100 (However, the “maximum deviation from the film thickness” in the formula refers to the maximum value among the differences between the above measured values and the average value (film thickness).) It shows that it is a film which has more uniform thickness, so that the numerical value of thickness accuracy is small.
- UVA-1 LA-31 [manufactured by ADEKA Corporation]
- UVA-2 LA-36 [manufactured by ADEKA Corporation]
- UVA-3 LA-F70 [manufactured by ADEKA Corporation]
- UVA-4 BONASORB UA-3701 [manufactured by Orient Chemical Co., Ltd.]
- UVA-5 Uvinul 3049 [manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.]
- UVA-6 Uvinul 3050 [manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.]
- UVA-7 Seesorb 709 [manufactured by Sipro Kasei Co., Ltd.]
- UVA-8 Tinuvin 234 [manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.]
- UVA-9 TINOPAL OB [manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.]
- UVA-10 Cyasorb UV-5411 [manufactured by Nippon Cytec Industries, Ltd.]
- Polycarbonate resin was polymerized using a continuous polymerization facility comprising three vertical stirring reactors, one horizontal stirring reactor, and a twin screw extruder.
- an aqueous solution of calcium acetate monohydrate as a catalyst was supplied to the first vertical stirring reactor so as to be 1.5 ⁇ mol with respect to 1 mol of all dihydroxy compounds.
- the liquid level was kept constant while controlling the opening degree of the valve provided in the transfer pipe at the bottom of the reactor so that the average residence time in the first vertical stirring reactor was 90 minutes.
- the reaction liquid discharged from the bottom of the reactor is successively successively supplied to the second vertical stirring reactor, the third vertical stirring reactor, and the fourth horizontal stirring reactor [2-axis glasses blade manufactured by Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd.]. Continuous supply.
- the first vertical stirring reactor and the second vertical stirring reactor were equipped with a reflux condenser, and the distillation of unreacted dihydroxy compound and DPC was suppressed by adjusting the reflux ratio.
- reaction temperature, internal pressure and residence time of each reactor are as follows: first vertical stirring reactor: 190 ° C., 25 kPa, 90 minutes, second vertical stirring reactor: 195 ° C., 10 kPa, 45 minutes, third vertical type Stirring reactor: 210 ° C., 3 kPa, 45 minutes, fourth horizontal stirring reactor: 230 ° C., 0.5 kPa, 90 minutes.
- the operation was carried out while finely adjusting the internal pressure of the fourth horizontal stirring reactor so that the reduced viscosity of the obtained polycarbonate resin was 0.61 dL / g to 0.64 dL / g.
- the polycarbonate resin was continuously extracted from the fourth horizontal stirring reactor, and then the resin was supplied in a molten state to a twin-screw extruder [TEX30 ⁇ manufactured by Nippon Steel Works, Ltd.].
- the extruder had three vacuum vents, and the remaining low molecular components in the resin were removed by devolatilization.
- Master pellets coated with phosphorous acid are supplied from the front of the first vent port, and 0.65 ppm (0.2 ppm as the amount of phosphorus atoms) of phosphorous acid is added to the polycarbonate resin, before the second vent.
- Water was added in an amount of 2000 ppm by weight to the resin to perform water injection devolatilization, and AS 2112 was supplied at 500 ppm and Irganox 1010 was supplied at 1000 ppm from the front of the third bench.
- the extruder (total 10 barrels) was set to a cylinder temperature of 220 ° C. and a screw rotation speed of 230 rpm.
- the resin temperature at the exit of the extruder was 262 ° C.
- the polycarbonate resin that passed through the extruder was continuously filtered through a filter in a molten state, then discharged from the die into a strand, cooled with water, solidified, and pelletized with a rotary cutter.
- the glass transition temperature of the pellet was 122 ° C. Let the obtained polycarbonate resin be PC1.
- the cylinder temperature was the same as in Example 1 except that the first four barrels were set to 240 ° C., the latter six barrels were set to 195 ° C., and the screw rotation speed was set to 225 rpm.
- the glass transition temperature of the pellet was 122 ° C. Let the obtained polycarbonate resin be PC3.
- the heating bath temperature is heated to 150 ° C., while stirring, the raw materials are dissolved for 15 minutes, the pressure is reduced from normal pressure to 13.3 kPa over 40 minutes, and the heating bath temperature is changed to While increasing the temperature to 190 ° C. over 40 minutes, the generated phenol was extracted out of the reaction vessel.
- the heating bath temperature was increased to 240 ° C. over 30 minutes. Ten minutes after entering the temperature rise, the pressure in the reaction vessel was reduced to 0.200 kPa or less in 30 minutes, and the generated phenol was distilled off.
- Water was added in an amount of 2000 ppm by weight to the resin to perform water injection devolatilization, and AS 2112 was supplied at 500 ppm and Irganox 1010 was supplied at 1000 ppm from the front of the third bench.
- the extruder (total 10 barrels) was set to a cylinder temperature of 220 ° C. and a screw rotation speed of 230 rpm.
- the resin temperature at the exit of the extruder was 261 ° C.
- the polycarbonate resin that passed through the extruder was continuously filtered through a filter in a molten state, then discharged from the die into a strand, cooled with water, solidified, and pelletized with a rotary cutter.
- the glass transition temperature of the pellet was 122 ° C. Let the obtained polycarbonate resin be PC4.
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of polycarbonate resin (PC1) described in Production Example 1 and 1.5 parts by weight of UVA-1 were added to a biaxial extruder with a vent using a quantitative feeder (TEX30 ⁇ manufactured by Nippon Steel, Ltd., cylinder set temperature) : 240 ° C.), the foreign matter was filtered through a filter, discharged from the die into a strand, cooled with water and solidified, and then pelletized with a rotary cutter.
- PC1 polycarbonate resin
- UVA-1 UVA-1
- the polycarbonate resin composition was subjected to OCS gel counter FSA film inspection line (barrel set temperature: 240 ° C., T die (width 150 mm, set temperature: 240 ° C.), chill roll (set temperature: 105 ° C.) at 2 kg / Hr. )), A film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was extruded.
- OCS gel counter FSA film inspection line barrel set temperature: 240 ° C., T die (width 150 mm, set temperature: 240 ° C.), chill roll (set temperature: 105 ° C.) at 2 kg / Hr. )
- a film having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m was extruded.
- Table 3 The results are shown in Table 3 below.
- Examples 2 to 13, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 As shown in Table 3 below, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the thickness of the film, the type of the UV absorber, and the amount of the UV absorber were changed.
- Each of the films of Examples 1 to 13 was a particularly excellent film having a small numerical value of thickness accuracy and having a uniform thickness and a small amount of film foreign matter per unit area.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 the type and amount of the ultraviolet absorber used were considered to be caused by a decrease in the heat resistance of the resin composition or roll contamination caused by bleed out. The amount of foreign matter was increased. In Comparative Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, a large number of fine foreign matters were confirmed, although not the foreign matter of 150 ⁇ m or more, which was considered that the ultraviolet absorber was aggregated due to unmelting on the entire film.
- Examples 14 to 16 As shown in Table 4 below, the same procedure as in Example 4 was performed except that the polycarbonate resin used was changed from PC1 to PC2, PC3, or PC4. Each of the films of Examples 14 to 16 was a particularly excellent film having a small numerical value of thickness accuracy and a uniform thickness, and at the same time, having a small amount of film foreign matter per unit area.
- Examples 17 to 19 As shown in Table 5 below, the same procedure as in Example 6 was performed except that the polycarbonate resin used was changed from PC1 to PC2, PC3, or PC4. Each of the films of Examples 17 to 19 was a particularly excellent film having a small numerical value of thickness accuracy and having a uniform thickness and a small amount of film foreign matter per unit area.
- Example 20 100 parts by weight of polycarbonate resin (PC1) described in Production Example 1 and 1.2 parts by weight of UVA-3 were added to a biaxial extruder with a vent using a quantitative feeder (TEX30 ⁇ manufactured by Nippon Steel, Ltd., cylinder setting temperature) : 240 ° C.), the foreign matter was filtered through a filter, discharged from the die into a strand, cooled with water and solidified, and then pelletized with a rotary cutter.
- PC1 polycarbonate resin described in Production Example 1
- UVA-3 UVA-3
- the polycarbonate resin composition was subjected to OCS gel counter FSA film inspection line (barrel set temperature: 240 ° C., T die (width 150 mm, set temperature: 240 ° C.), chill roll (set temperature: 105 ° C.) at 2 kg / Hr. )), A 50 ⁇ m thick film was extruded. From this film, an unstretched film having a length of 125 mm and a width of 50 mm was cut out and fixed at a stretching temperature of 134 ° C. and a stretching ratio of 1.8 times with a batch-type biaxial stretching apparatus (manufactured by Island Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
- a sample obtained by cutting the stretched transparent film into a width of 4 cm and a length of 4 cm was measured in a room at 23 ° C. using a phase difference measuring device (product name “KOBRA WRXY2020” manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments).
- the in-plane retardation R548 at a wavelength of 548 nm was measured to be 139 nm, and the results are summarized in Table 6 below.
- the polycarbonate resin film produced in Example 20 was pasted as a phase difference film on the screen surface layer of a display displaying a linearly polarized image, and the display was viewed through polarized sunglasses. Occurrence was not confirmed, and the result was good.
- the present invention there is no problem such as deterioration of the heat resistance of the film, turbidity of the film due to the bleed-out substance, film foreign matter due to roll dirt, film appearance defects such as gear marks, etc., and excellent appearance quality.
- the polycarbonate resin film excellent also in the uniformity of film thickness can be provided. Therefore, it contributes to the reduction of the manufacturing process loss of the polarizing plate using this, the thinning of the structure of the image display device, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
[4]548nmにおける面内位相差が100nm以上200nm以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれか1つに記載のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルム。
[5][1]~[4]のいずれか1つに記載のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルムを用いてなる、偏光子保護フィルム。
[6]下記式(1)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を含むポリカーボネート樹脂100重量部と、ポリカーボネート樹脂100重量部に対して、融点が135℃以上300℃未満かつ5%重量減少温度が240℃より高い紫外線吸収剤を、0.45重量部を超え7重量部以下含有し、前記ポリカーボネート樹脂中の下記式(3)で表される化合物の含有量が10重量ppm以上1200重量ppm以下であるポリカーボネート樹脂組成物。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、下記式(1)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を含むポリカーボネート樹脂を含む。
ポリカーボネート樹脂は、ジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルと触媒とを溶融下に重縮合させることにより製造できる。炭酸ジエステルとしては、後述するものを使用することができる。中でも、ジフェニルカーボネートを使用することが好ましい。
尚、構造式(1)の結合構造を有するジヒドロキシ化合物と、脂環式ジヒドロキシ化合物と、必要に応じて用いられるその他のジヒドロキシ化合物との使用割合は、本発明で使用するポリカーボネート樹脂を構成する各ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構成単位の割合に応じ、適宜調整する。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、下記式(3)で表される特殊なオリゴマー成分を特定量含有するものがより好ましい。
以下、本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂を製造する方法について詳述する。
<原料>
(ジヒドロキシ化合物)
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、下記式(1)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を含むポリカーボネート樹脂である。
(上記式(5)中、R5は炭素数4~20の置換若しくは無置換のシクロアルキレン基を示す。)
HO-CH2-R6-CH2-OH (6)
(上記式(6)中、R6は炭素数4~20の置換若しくは無置換のシクロアルキレン基を示す。)
H-(O-R7)p-OH (7)
(上記式(7)中、R7は炭素数2~10の置換若しくは無置換のアルキレン基を示し、pは2~100の整数である。)
HO-R8-OH (8)
(上記式(8)中、R8は炭素数2~20の置換若しくは無置換のアルキレン基を示す。)
なお、以下において、各種の基の炭素数は、当該基が置換基を有する場合、その置換基の炭素数も含めた合計の炭素数を意味する。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、上記式(1)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を含むものである。
本発明において、ポリカーボネート樹脂は、必要に応じて、上記式(4)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物、上記式(5)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物、上記式(6)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物、上記式(7)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物および上記式(8)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物よりなる群から選ばれる一種以上のジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を含むことができる。
上記式(4)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物は、分子内に環状エーテル構造を有するものであって、スピログリコールと呼ばれる化合物である。
上記式(5)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物は、R5に炭素数4~20、好ましくは炭素数4~18の置換若しくは無置換のシクロアルキレン基を有する脂環式ジヒドロキシ化合物である。ここで、R5が置換基を有する場合、当該置換基としては、炭素数1~12の置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基が挙げられる。該アルキル基が置換基を有する場合、当該置換基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基等のアルコキシ基、フェニル基、ナフチル基等のアリール基等が挙げられる。
これらは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記式(6)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物は、R6に炭素数4~20、好ましくは炭素数3~18の置換若しくは無置換のシクロアルキレン基を有する脂環式ジヒドロキシ化合物である。ここで、R6が置換基を有する場合、当該置換基としては、炭素数1~12の置換若しくは無置換のアルキル基が挙げられる。該アルキル基が置換基を有する場合、当該置換基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基等のアルコキシ基、フェニル基、ナフチル基等のアリール基等が挙げられる。
上記式(7)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物は、R7に炭素数2~10、好ましくは炭素数2~5の置換若しくは無置換のアルキレン基を有する化合物である。pは2~100の整数、好ましくは6~50の整数、より好ましくは12~40の整数である。
これらは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上記式(8)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物は、R8に炭素数2~20、好ましくは炭素数2~10の置換若しくは無置換のアルキレン基である。R8のアルキレン基が置換基を有する場合、当該置換基としては炭素数1~5のアルキル基が挙げられる。
本発明において、ポリカーボネート樹脂は、上記式(4)~(8)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を必要に応じて、その他のジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位に置き変えてもよい。
その他のジヒドロキシ化合物としては、例えば、ビスフェノール類やビスフェノール類のエチレンオキサイド(EO)付加類、フルオレン化合物等が挙げられる。
ビスフェノール類としては、例えば、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン(=ビスフェノールA)、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジメチルフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジエチルフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-(3,5-ジフェニル)フェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジブロモフェニル)プロパン、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ペンタン、2,4’-ジヒドロキシ-ジフェニルメタン、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-5-ニトロフェニル)メタン、1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)エタン、3,3-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ペンタン、1,1-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)シクロヘキサン、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルホン、2,4’-ジヒドロキシジフェニルスルホン、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)スルフィド、4,4’-ジヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル、4,4’-ジヒドロキシ-3,3’-ジクロロジフェニルエーテル、4,4’-ジヒドロキシ-2,5-ジエトキシジフェニルエーテル等が挙げられる。
ビスフェノール類のエチレンオキサイド(EO)付加類としては、例えば、前述のビスフェノール類の化合物にエチレンオキサイド(EO)付加したものが挙げられる。
フルオレン化合物としては、例えば、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-エチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-n-プロピルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-イソプロピルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-n-ブチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-sec-ブチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-tert-プロピルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-シクロヘキシルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシ-3-フェニルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)フェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-メチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-イソプロピルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-イソブチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-tert-ブチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-シクロヘキシルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-フェニルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3,5-ジメチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-3-tert-ブチル-6-メチルフェニル)フルオレン、9,9-ビス(4-(3-ヒドロキシ-2,2-ジメチルプロポキシ)フェニル)フルオレン等が挙げられる。
本発明において、ポリカーボネート樹脂に含まれる上記式(1)で表されるジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位の含有割合は、ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位の合計に対して、好ましくは20重量%以上、より好ましくは25重量%以上、更に好ましくは30重量%以上である。また、通常95重量%以下、好ましくは90重量%以下である。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、上述した特定のジヒドロキシ化合物を含むジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルとを原料として、エステル交換反応により重縮合させて得ることができる。用いられる炭酸ジエステルとしては、通常、下記式(10)で表されるものが挙げられる。これらの炭酸ジエステルは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、上述したジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルをエステル交換反応させて製造される。より詳細には、エステル交換させ、副生するモノヒドロキシ化合物等を系外に除去することによって得られる。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂は、特定ジヒドロキシ化合物を含むジヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸ジエステルとをエステル交換反応により重縮合させることによって得られる。
<リン系化合物>
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂には、重合触媒を失活させ、さらに高温下でのポリカーボネート樹脂の着色を抑制するために添加された、リン系化合物を含有することが好ましい。
前記リン系化合物の含有量が少なすぎると、触媒失活や着色抑制の効果が不十分である。また、前記リン系化合物の含有量が多すぎるとかえってポリカーボネート樹脂が着色したり、湿熱条件での着色が発生したりする。したがって、リン系化合物の含有量は、特に限定されないが、ポリカーボネート樹脂中のリン原子の含有量として0.02重量ppm以上、0.7重量ppm以下とすることが好ましく、0.05重量ppm以上、0.65重量ppm以下がより好ましく、0.07重量ppm以上、0.60重量ppm以下が特に好ましい。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂には、前記リン系化合物に加えて、ヒンダードフェノール化合物も含有することで、ポリカーボネート樹脂のさらなる色調向上が期待できる。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂の上記のヒンダードフェノール化合物の含有量は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を100重量部とした場合、0.001重量部~1重量部が好ましく、0.005重量部~0.5重量部がより好ましく、0.01重量部~0.3重量部がさらに好ましい。
なお、ヒンダードフェノール化合物や以下の酸化防止剤についても、リン系化合物と同様に、押出機を用いてポリカーボネート樹脂に添加、混練されることが好ましい。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂には、酸化防止の目的で、通常知られている酸化防止剤を添加することもできる。
酸化防止剤としては、具体的には、トリフェニルホスファイト、トリス(ノニルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリス(2,4-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリデシルホスファイト、トリオクチルホスファイト、トリオクタデシルホスファイト、ジデシルモノフェニルホスファイト、ジオクチルモノフェニルホスファイト、ジイソプロピルモノフェニルホスファイト、モノブチルジフェニルホスファイト、モノデシルジフェニルホスファイト、モノオクチルジフェニルホスファイト、2,2-メチレンビス(4,6-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)オクチルホスファイト、トリス(2,4-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト、トリブチルホスフェート、トリエチルホスフェート、トリメチルホスフェート、トリフェニルホスフェート、ジフェニルモノオルソキセニルホスフェート、ジブチルホスフェート、ジオクチルホスフェート、ジイソプロピルホスフェート、4,4’-ビフェニレンジホスフィン酸テトラキス(2,4-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(3-ラウリルチオプロピオネート)、グリセロール-3-ステアリルチオプロピオネート、N,N-ヘキサメチレンビス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-ヒドロシンナマイド)、トリス(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンジル)イソシアヌレート、4,4’-ビフェニレンジホスフィン酸テトラキス(2,4-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)、3,9-ビス{1,1-ジメチル-2-[β-(3-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ]エチル}-2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ(5,5)ウンデカンなどが挙げられる。
これらの酸化防止剤の配合量は、ポリカーボネート樹脂を100重量部とした場合、0.0001重量部~0.1重量部が好ましく、0.0005重量部~0.08重量部がより好ましく、0.001重量部~0.05重量部がさらに好ましい。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂においては、ブルーイング剤を含有することもできる。
本発明で用いるブルーイング剤は、通常ポリカーボネート樹脂組成物に使用されるブルーイング剤等から適宜選択し、その配合量を調整して使用すればよく、複数種のブルーイング剤を使用してもよい。
本発明において、ブルーイング剤は、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよいが、ブルーイング剤の使用量は少ない方が好ましく、使用するブルーイング剤の種類も少ない方が好ましい。
本発明に用いる紫外線吸収剤は、本発明の特定する物性を有し、紫外線波長領域の光を吸収するものであれば、限定されるものではない。
本発明に用いる紫外線吸収剤の融点は、135℃以上である。また、140℃以上がより好ましく、145℃以上がさらに好ましい。
また、本発明に用いる紫外線吸収剤の融点は、300℃未満である。また、290℃以下がより好ましく、280℃以下がさらに好ましい。
この範囲内であることにより、紫外線領域で目的の透過率を維持でき、所望の効果を得ることができる。
トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-エトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-プロポキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,6-ジフェニル-4-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ヘキシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-オクチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ドデシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ジフェニル-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ベンジルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-プロポキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ヘキシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-オクチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ドデシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ベンジルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-エトキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-ブトキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-プロポキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシカルボニルプロピルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-エトキシカルボニルエチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-4-(1-(2-エトキシヘキシルオキシ)-1-オキソプロパン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-エトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-プロポキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ブトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ヘキシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-オクチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ドデシルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ベンジルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-エトキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-ブトキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-プロポキシエトキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-メトキシカルボニルプロピルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-エトキシカルボニルエチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4,6-トリス(2-ヒドロキシ-3-メチル-4-(1-(2-エトキシヘキシルオキシ)-1-オキソプロパン-2-イルオキシ)フェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2,4-ビス(2,4-ジメチルフェニル)-6-(2-ヒドロキシ-4-N-オクチルオキシフェニル)-1,3,5-トリアジン、2-(4,6-ジフェニル-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-5-(2-(2-エチルヘキサノイロキシ)エトキシ)フェノールなどが挙げられる。
ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、2,4-ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-オクトキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-ベンジロキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシ-5-スルホキシベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシ-5-スルホキシトリハイドライドレイトベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-ドデシロキシ-ベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-オクタデシロキシ-ベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4-メトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’,4,4’-テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4,4’-ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4,4’-ジメトキシ-5-ソジウムスルホキシベンゾフェノン、ビス(5-ベンゾイル-4-ヒドロキシ-2-メトキシフェニル)メタン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-n-ドデシルオキシベンソフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-メトキシ-2’-カルボキシベンゾフェノン、4,4’-ビス(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン等が挙げられる。
ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-5’-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-[2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-tert-ブチル-5’-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-5’-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、5’-ビス(α,α-ジメチルベンジル)フェニル]-ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-ブチル-フェニル)-ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-tert-ブチル-5’-メチルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-ブチル-フェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-アミル)-ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’,5’-ジ-tert-アミルフェニル)-5-クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-3’-(3”,4”,5”,6”-テトラヒドロフタルイミドメチル)-5’-メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2-(2-ヒドロキシ―3,5-ジ―tert-ペンチルフェニル)、2-(2’-ヒドロキシ-5’-tert-オクチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2,2’-メチレンビス[4-(1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチル)-6-(2H-ベンゾトリアゾール-2-イル)フェノール]等が挙げられる。
インドール系紫外線吸収剤としては、下記式(12)で表される化合物を用いることができ、例えば、2-[(1-メチル-2-フェニル-1H-インドール-3-イル)メチレン]プロパンジニトリル(オリヱント化学工業(株)製「BONASORB UA-3901」)などが挙げられる。
キノリノン系紫外線吸収剤としては、下記式(13)で表されるような化合物を用いることができ、例えば、4-ヒドロキシ-3-[(フェニルイミノ)メチル]-2(1H)-キノリノン(オリヱント化学工業(株)製「BONASORB UA-3701」)などが挙げられる。
ベンゾエート系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、2,4-ジ-t-ブチルフェニル-3’,5’-ジ-t-ブチル-4’-ヒドロキシベンゾエート、2,6-ジ-t-ブチルフェニル-3’,5’-ジ-t-ブチル-4’-ヒドロキシベンゾエート、n-ヘキサデシル-3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンゾエート、n-オクタデシル-3,5-ジ-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシベンゾエートなどが挙げられる。これらベンゾエート系紫外線吸収剤は、紫外線吸収剤として用いることができる。
シアノアクリレート系紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、2’-エチルヘキシル-2-シアノ-3,3-ジフェニルアクリレート、エチル-2-シアノ-3-(3’,4’-メチレンジオキシフェニル)-アクリレート等が挙げられる。これらシアノアクリレート系紫外線吸収剤は紫外線吸収剤として用いることができる。
本発明では、紫外線吸収剤を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
この中でも、熱安定性や樹脂への着色が少ない点から、トリアジン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、キノリノン系、インドール系が好ましい。
上記の紫外線吸収剤以外に、その他紫外線吸収剤としては蛍光増白剤を用いることもできる。例えば、7-(ジメチルアミノ)-4-メチルクマリンやベンゾオキサゾール系である2,5-ビス(5-tert-ブチル-2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)チオフェン(BASFジャパン(株)「TINOPAL OB」)、4,4’-ビス(2-ベンゾオキサゾリル)スチルベンなどが挙げられる。なかでも、ベンゾオキサゾール系が好ましい。
本発明におけるポリカーボネート樹脂組成物は、例えば、芳香族ポリカーボネート樹脂、芳香族ポリエステル、脂肪族ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリスチレン、ポリオレフィン、アクリル、アモルファスポリオレフィン、ABS、ASなどの合成樹脂、ポリ乳酸、ポリブチレンスクシネートなどの生分解性樹脂、ゴムなどの1種又は2種以上と混練して、ポリマーアロイとしても用いることもできる。
<製造方法>
本発明のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルムは、本発明に用いるポリカーボネート樹脂と、紫外線吸収剤と、必要に応じてその他の添加剤を含有する樹脂組成物を、常法に従って成形して得られるフィルムである。該ポリカーボネート樹脂フィルムの製造法は、好ましくはTダイ成形法やインフレーション成形法等の溶融押出成形法であり、特に好ましくはTダイ成形法である。
その延伸の方法は、自由端延伸、固定端延伸、自由端収縮、固定端収縮等、様々な延伸方法を、単独で用いることも、同時もしくは逐次で用いることもできる。また、延伸方向に関しても、水平方向・垂直方向・厚さ方向、対角方向等、様々な方向や次元に行なうことが可能であり、特に限定されない。好ましくは、横一軸延伸方法、縦横同時二軸延伸方法、縦横逐次二軸延伸方法等が挙げられる。
延伸温度は、目的に応じて、適宜、適切な値が選択され得る。好ましくは、延伸は、原反フィルム(即ち、原反フィルムの製膜材料である本発明におけるポリカーボネート又はその樹脂組成物)のガラス転移温度(Tg)に対し、Tg-20℃~Tg+30℃、好ましくはTg-10℃~Tg+20℃、より好ましくはTg-5℃~Tg+10℃の範囲で行なう。このような条件を選択することによって、位相差値が均一になり易く、かつ、フィルムが白濁しにくくなる。具体的には、上記延伸温度は90℃~210℃であり、さらに好ましくは100℃~200℃であり、特に好ましくは100℃~180℃である。
歪み速度(%/分)={延伸速度(mm/分)/原反フィルムの長さ(mm)}×100
また、延伸後加熱炉で熱固定処理を行ってもよいし、テンターの幅を制御したり、ロール周速を調整したりして、緩和工程を行ってもよい。
本発明のフィルムは、このような延伸工程における処理条件を適宜選択・調整することによって作製することができる。
フィルムの異物の発生はフィルムの品質を損ねるだけでなく、フィルムの生産性の観点からも好ましくない。フィルムの異物を低減するには、既述の通り、樹脂組成物中の特定の化合物の含有量を低減させること、溶融混練時の未融解物の発生やフィルム製膜時のブリードアウトに起因する製膜ロール汚れの発生を防ぐことが特に効果的である。
[評価方法]
以下において、ポリカーボネート樹脂の物性ないし特性の評価は次の方法により行った。
ポリカーボネート樹脂のサンプルを塩化メチレンに溶解させ、0.6g/dLの濃度のポリカーボネート樹脂溶液を調製した。森友理化工業社製ウベローデ型粘度管を用いて、温度20.0℃±0.1℃で測定を行い、溶媒の通過時間t0と溶液の通過時間tから次式(i)より相対粘度ηrelを求め、相対粘度ηrelから次式(ii)より比粘度ηspを求めた。
ηrel=t/t0 ・・・(i)
ηsp=(η-η0)/η0=ηrel-1 ・・・(ii)
比粘度ηspを濃度c(g/dL)で割って、還元粘度ηsp/cを求めた。この値が高いほど分子量が大きい。還元粘度の値が大きいほど、機械的強度に優れたフィルムを得ることができる。
波長380nmにおける光線透過率は、JISK0115(2004年)(吸光光度分析通則)に準拠して、紫外可視分光光度計(日立ハイテクノロジーズ社製U2900)を用いて測定した。
TG-DTA6300(セイコー製)にて窒素下(流量200ml/min)にて、試料約10mgを室温から500℃まで10℃/minにて昇温しながら測定を行い、5%重量減少温度を求めた。
示差走査熱量計(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製DSC6220)を用いて測定した。試料約10mgを同社製アルミパンに入れて密封し、50mL/分の窒素気流下、昇温速度10℃/分で室温から400℃まで昇温し、融解ピークの頂点の温度を求め融点とした。
ポリカーボネート樹脂のガラス転移温度は、示差走査熱量計(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー社製DSC6220)を用いて測定した。ポリカーボネート樹脂サンプル約10mgを同社製アルミパンに入れて密封し、50mL/分の窒素気流下、昇温速度20℃/分で室温から250℃まで昇温した。3分間温度を保持した後、0℃まで20℃/分の速度で冷却した。0℃で3分保持し、再び200℃まで20℃/分の速度で昇温した。2回目の昇温で得られたDSCデータより、補外ガラス転移開始温度を採用した。
ポリカーボネート樹脂試料約1gを精秤し、塩化メチレン5mLに溶解して溶液とした後、総量が25mLになるようにアセトンを添加して再沈殿処理を行った。次いで、該処理液を0.2μmディスクフィルターで濾過して、液体クロマトグラフィーにて定量を行った。
2kg/HrにてOCS社製ゲルカウンターFSAフィルム検査ライン(バレル設定温度:240℃、Tダイ(幅150mm、設定温度:240℃)、チルロール(設定温度:105℃))にてそれぞれの厚みでフィルムを成形し、以下の基準に従いロール汚れの発生有無の判定を行った。
15分以上30分未満でロール汚れを目視にて確認できたもの:×
30分以上60分未満でロール汚れ目視にて確認できたもの:△-
60分以上90分未満でロール汚れを目視にて確認できたもの:△
90分以上120分未満でロール汚れを目視にて確認できたもの:○-
120分以上150分未満でロール汚れを目視にて確認できたもの:○
150分以上180分未満でロール汚れを目視にて確認できたもの:◎
フィルム所得開始から約10m部分にて、フィルムの中心から両幅方向30mmの範囲をTD方向10mm間隔で接触厚み計((株)小野測器製 製品名「ディジタルリニアゲージ DG-933」)を用いてフィルムの厚みを測定した。ここで、本発明でいう「フィルムの厚み」とは、前記の測定値の総平均を算出したものである。また、下記式より得られる数値を本発明でいう「厚み精度」とした。
厚み精度(%)={(フィルムの厚みからの最大の偏差)/(フィルムの厚み)}×100
(ただし、式中「フィルムの厚みからの最大の偏差」とは上述の各測定値と平均値(フィルムの厚み)との差のうち、最大の値のことをいう。)
厚み精度の数値が小さいほど、より均一な厚みを有するフィルムであることを示す。
得られたフィルムから幅50mm、長さ200mmに切り出したサンプルについて、目視にて該サンプル中の直径(楕円状の場合は長径)150μm以上の異物の存在数をカウントした。異物の存在数が少ないほど、例えば光学フィルムに使用した場合に優れたフィルムである。
以下の実施例及び比較例で用いた化合物の略号、および製造元は次の通りである。
・ISB:イソソルビド[ロケットフルーレ社製]
・ CHDM:1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール[SKChemical社製]
・TCDDM:トリシクロデカンジメタノール[OXEA社製]
<炭酸ジエステル>
・DPC:ジフェニルカーボネート[三菱化学(株)製]
<ヒンダードフェノール化合物>
・Irganox1010:ペンタエリスリトール-テトラキス[3-(3,5-ジ-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート][BASFジャパン(株)製]
・亜リン酸[太平化学産業(株)製](分子量82.0)
・AS2112:トリス(2,4-ジ-tert-ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト[(株)ADEKA製](分子量646.9)
・UVA-1:LA-31[(株)ADEKA製]
・UVA-2:LA-36[(株)ADEKA製]
・UVA-3:LA-F70[(株)ADEKA製]
・UVA-4:BONASORB UA-3701[オリヱント化学工業(株)製]
・UVA-5:Uvinul3049[BASFジャパン(株)製]
・UVA-6:Uvinul3050[BASFジャパン(株)製]
・UVA-7:Seesorb709[シプロ化成(株)製]
・UVA-8:Tinuvin234[BASFジャパン(株)製]
・UVA-9:TINOPAL OB[BASFジャパン(株)製]
・UVA-10:Cyasorb UV-5411[日本サイテック インダストリーズ(株)製]
紫外線吸収剤の有する物性を下記表1にまとめて表記する。
[製造例1]
竪型攪拌反応器3器と横型攪拌反応器1器、並びに二軸押出機からなる連続重合設備を用いて、ポリカーボネート樹脂の重合を行った。ISBとCHDMとDPCをそれぞれタンクで溶融させ、モル比ISB/CHDM/DPC=0.700/0.300/1.010で第1竪型攪拌反応器に連続的に供給した。同時に、触媒として酢酸カルシウム1水和物の水溶液を全ジヒドロキシ化合物1molに対して1.5μmolとなるように第1竪型攪拌反応器に供給した。第1竪型攪拌反応器での平均滞留時間が90分となるように、反応器底部の移送配管に設けられたバルブの開度を制御しつつ、液面レベルを一定に保った。反応器底部より排出された反応液は、引き続き第2竪型攪拌反応器、第3竪型攪拌反応器、第4横型攪拌反応器[(株)日立プラントテクノロジー社製2軸メガネ翼]に逐次連続供給した。第1竪型攪拌反応器と第2竪型攪拌反応器は還流冷却器を具備しており、還流比を調節することで、未反応のジヒドロキシ化合物とDPCの留出を抑制した。
押出機を通過したポリカーボネート樹脂は、引き続き溶融状態のままフィルターを通して異物を濾過した後、ダイからストランド状に排出させ、水冷、固化させた後、回転式カッターでペレット化した。ペレットのガラス転移温度は122℃であった。得られたポリカーボネート樹脂をPC1とする。
モル比ISB/CHDM/DPC=0.700/0.300/1.012で第1竪型攪拌反応器に連続的に供給した以外は実施例1と同様にしてポリカーボネート樹脂を得た。ペレットのガラス転移温度は122℃であった。得られたポリカーボネート樹脂をPC2とする。
モル比ISB/CHDM/DPC=0.700/0.300/1.000で、触媒として酢酸カルシウム1水和物の水溶液を全ジヒドロキシ化合物1molに対して1.25μmolとなるように、第1竪型攪拌反応器に連続的に供給し、各反応器の反応温度、内圧、滞留時間はそれぞれ、第1竪型攪拌反応器:188℃、24.2kPa、90分、第2竪型攪拌反応器:194℃、19.9kPa、60分、第3竪型攪拌反応器:214℃、9.9kPa、60分、第4横型攪拌反応器:225℃、0.1kPa、120分とし、押出機はシリンダー温度を前半4つのバレルは240℃、後半6つのバレルは195℃、スクリュー回転数を225rpmに設定した以外は実施例1と同様に行った。ペレットのガラス転移温度は122℃であった。得られたポリカーボネート樹脂をPC3とする。
竪型攪拌反応器並びに二軸押出機からなる回分式重合設備を用いて、ポリカーボネート樹脂の重合を行った。ISBとCHDMとDPCをそれぞれタンクで溶融させ、ISBをモル比ISB/CHDM/DPC=0.700/0.300/1.000で第1竪型攪拌反応器に供給した。同時に、触媒として炭酸セシウムの水溶液を全ジヒドロキシ化合物1molに対して炭酸セシウムが1.25μmolとなるように第1竪型攪拌反応器に供給した。反応の第1段目の工程として、加熱槽温度を150℃に加熱し、撹拌しながら、原料を15分間溶解させ、圧力を常圧から13.3kPaに40分間で減圧し、加熱槽温度を190℃まで40分で上昇させながら、発生するフェノールを反応容器外へ抜き出した。反応容器全体を190℃で15分間保持した後、第2段目の工程として、加熱槽温度を240℃まで、30分間で上昇させた。昇温に入ってから10分後に、反応容器内の圧力を30分間で0.200kPa以下とし、発生するフェノールを溜出させた。120分後、所定の撹拌トルクに到達後、反応を停止し、反応器より連続的にポリカーボネート樹脂を抜き出し、続いて樹脂を溶融状態のまま二軸押出機[(株)日本製鋼所製TEX30α]に供給した。押出機は3つの真空ベント口を有しており、樹脂中の残存低分子成分を脱揮除去した。第1ベント口の手前から亜リン酸をまぶしたマスターペレットを供給し、ポリカーボネート樹脂に対して亜リン酸を0.65ppm(リン原子の量として0.2ppm)添加し、第2ベントの手前で水を樹脂に対して2000重量ppm加えて、注水脱揮を行い、第3ベンチ手前からAS2112を500ppm、Irganox1010を1000ppm供給した。押出機(全10バレル)はシリンダー温度を220℃、スクリュー回転数を230rpmに設定した。押出機出口での樹脂温度は261℃であった。
押出機を通過したポリカーボネート樹脂は、引き続き溶融状態のままフィルターを通して異物を濾過した後、ダイからストランド状に排出させ、水冷、固化させた後、回転式カッターでペレット化した。ペレットのガラス転移温度は122℃であった。得られたポリカーボネート樹脂をPC4とする。
製造例1に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂(PC1)100重量部及びUVA-1の1.5重量部を、定量フィーダーを用いてベント付きニ軸押出機((株)日本製鋼所製TEX30α、シリンダー設定温度:240℃)に供給し、フィルターを通して異物を濾過した後、ダイからストランド状に排出させ、水冷、固化させた後、回転式カッターでペレット化した。
下記表3に示すように、フィルムの厚み、紫外線吸収剤の種類及び紫外線吸収剤の量を変更した以外は、実施例1と同様に実施した。
なお、比較例4及び比較例5ではフィルム全体に紫外線吸収剤が未溶融によって凝集したと考えられる、150μm以上の異物ではないが、微細な異物が多数確認された。
下記表4に示すように、使用したポリカーボネート樹脂をPC1からPC2、PC3及びPC4のいずれかに変更した以外は、実施例4と同様に実施した。
実施例14~16のフィルムは、いずれも特に厚み精度の数値が小さく、均一な厚みを有するフィルムであると同時に、単位面積当たりのフィルム異物の量も少なく、特に優れたフィルムであった。
下記表5に示すように、使用したポリカーボネート樹脂をPC1からPC2、PC3及びPC4のいずれかに変更した以外は、実施例6と同様に実施した。
実施例17~19のフィルムは、いずれも特に厚み精度の数値が小さく、均一な厚みを有するフィルムであると同時に、単位面積当たりのフィルム異物の量も少なく、特に優れたフィルムであった。
製造例1に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂(PC1)100重量部及びUVA-3の1.2重量部を、定量フィーダーを用いてベント付きニ軸押出機((株)日本製鋼所 製 TEX30α、シリンダー設定温度:240℃)に供給し、フィルターを通して異物を濾過した後、ダイからストランド状に排出させ、水冷、固化させた後、回転式カッターでペレット化した。
よってこれを用いた偏光板の製造工程ロスの削減、画像表示装置の構造薄型化等に資する。
Claims (6)
- 前記紫外線吸収剤が、トリアジン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、キノリノン系、ベンゾオキサゾール系またはインドール系である、請求項1又は2に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルム。
- 548nmにおける面内位相差が100nm以上200nm以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルム。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のポリカーボネート樹脂フィルムを用いてなる、偏光子保護フィルム。
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| TW202118821A (zh) | 2021-05-16 |
| TW201704303A (zh) | 2017-02-01 |
| JP6773030B2 (ja) | 2020-10-21 |
| CN107531920A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
| CN119119704A (zh) | 2024-12-13 |
| TWI708800B (zh) | 2020-11-01 |
| KR20230135168A (ko) | 2023-09-22 |
| CN113527857A (zh) | 2021-10-22 |
| TWI774072B (zh) | 2022-08-11 |
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