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WO2016166768A1 - Système et procédé pour l'évaporation et la condensation simultanées dans des récipients reliés - Google Patents

Système et procédé pour l'évaporation et la condensation simultanées dans des récipients reliés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016166768A1
WO2016166768A1 PCT/IN2016/000097 IN2016000097W WO2016166768A1 WO 2016166768 A1 WO2016166768 A1 WO 2016166768A1 IN 2016000097 W IN2016000097 W IN 2016000097W WO 2016166768 A1 WO2016166768 A1 WO 2016166768A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
condensation
evaporation
evaporation vessel
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IN2016/000097
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Amit Katyal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB1717504.3A priority Critical patent/GB2555951B/en
Priority to US15/565,539 priority patent/US10876772B2/en
Publication of WO2016166768A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016166768A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/34—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances
    • B01D3/343—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances the substance being a gas
    • B01D3/346—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping with one or more auxiliary substances the substance being a gas the gas being used for removing vapours, e.g. transport gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
    • B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/048—Purification of waste water by evaporation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a highly efficient distillation process and an apparatus thereof and more particularly, the present invention is directed to a highly efficient water distillation process.
  • distillation systems used for water purification rely on the evaporation of water containing contaminants, so as to produce steam which is essentially free of contaminants.
  • This evaporation process is energy intensive because of the high value of the latent heat of evaporation of water at boiling temperatures. This amount of energy is in addition to the energy required to bring water temperatures to the boiling point, which depends on the temperature of the feed water.
  • distillation is expensive if most of the energy is not recovered. Such energy recovery is crucial if any efficiency is to be achieved. Water distillation without energy recovery is not commercially viable for water purification applications.
  • a conventional vapour recompression circuit together with a uniquely configured forced convection heat recovery and transfer circuit for maximizing heat transfer and maintaining the desired forced convection circuit non- conductive to scaling exchangers is provided.
  • a distillation system in an embodiment, includes an evaporation vessel having means for heating a liquid contained therein and producing vapours thereof and a condensation vessel having means for cooling and condensing the vapours produced in the evaporation vessel.
  • a connecting pipe for connecting the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and for transferring the vapours from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel, wherein the amount of vapours transferred from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel depends upon the pressure differential between the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and area of opening of the connecting pipe.
  • a distillation method is provided.
  • the method includes heating a liquid contained in an evaporation vessel and producing vapours thereof and transferring the vapours from the evaporation vessel to a condensation vessel through a connecting pipe; wherein the amount of vapours transferred from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel depends upon the pressure differential between the evaporation vessel and the condensation vessel and area of opening of the connecting pipe.
  • the method further includes cooling/condensing the vapours transferred from the evaporation vessel to the condensation vessel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 6 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 7 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 9 illustrates a vapour-liquid equilibrium pressure and temperature values for pure water as given in table 1 and vapour pressure curve for pure water.
  • FIG. 10 shows a distillation process in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • any available hot or cold stream could be used as hot heat transfer fluid or cold heat transfer fluid with water at ambient temperature working as the cold heat transfer fluid or hot heat transfer fluid respectively to desalinate water using the invention.
  • low pressure steam is used for heating process utilities and cooling water is used for cooling process utilities. Both low pressure steam and cooling water are generally available in a chemical plant at a constant temperature and pressure.
  • the system 200 can be used to desalinate water and separate liquid mixtures by heating the evaporation vessel 102 using low pressure steam and cooling the condensation vessel 104 using cooling water.
  • FIG 8 another embodiment in accordance with the invention is illustrated.
  • the facilities of a cooling tower are available for the desalination process then water can be used as heat transfer liquid and instead of storing water at ambient temperature in a heat transfer liquid tank, water can directly be taken from cooling tower, circulated initially through either of the vessel and then through the other vessel and sent back to the cooling tower at elevated temperature.
  • cooling water can be used separately in each of the vessel to heat the evaporation vessel and getting cooled and cool the condensation vessel and getting heated.
  • the outlet water from both the vessels is sent to the cooling tower.
  • a similar operation of the invention is observed when the invention is used to separate liquid mixtures.
  • the embodiment for water desalination in accordance with this embodiment is shown in figure 8.
  • air removal valve 124 is closed to make the system air-tight and suitable quantity of water to be desalinated is pumped into the evaporation vessel 102 through water inlet pump 108.
  • water to be desalinated is pumped into the evaporation vessel 102 with air removal valve 124 kept open and heated to a temperature higher than its boiling temperature to produce steam which will flush out air from both the vessels.
  • An electric heater, a gas fired heater, a solar heater or hot heat transfer fluid at a temperature higher than boiling point of saline water can be used to heat the saline water inside the evaporation vessel 102 to produce steam.
  • vapour-liquid equilibrium pressure and temperature values for pure water are given in table 1 and vapour pressure curve for pure water is illustrated in figure 9.
  • Cooling of condensation vessel 104 is stopped when the pressure of evaporation vessel 102 and condensation vessel 104 lowers to the desired value and again the heating and cooling cycle is repeated till the desired amount of water is desalinated.
  • a compressor or fan can be configured in the connecting pipe 106 to increase the molar rate of evaporation and condensation of water.
  • bypass pipe is opened partially to recycle some vapours back to the evaporation vessel 102 from condensation vessel 104 decreasing the effective rate of transfer of vapours from evaporation vessel 102 to condensation vessel 104.
  • a suitable opening of the bypass pipe keeps the pressure ratio below the maximum allowed value for the compressor or fan always resulting in continuous and safe operation of the compressor or fan.
  • the invention can be operated with alternate heating of evaporation vessel 102 and cooling of condensation vessel 104 and with intermittent operation of compressor or fan in case compressor or fan is configured in the connecting pipe 106, but these operations are not the best optimized ones in terms of energy and time required for desalination.
  • a continuous heating of evaporation vessel 102 and cooling of condensation vessel 104 with suitably large opening of connecting pipe 106 and a continuously operating compressor or fan with no recycle through the bypass pipe in case compressor is configured in the connecting pipe 106 result in most optimized operation of invention in terms of energy and time required for desalination.
  • condensation vessel 104 The requirement of pumping pure water out of condensation vessel 104 can be avoided in case the system is pressurised with low pressure steam and pure water from condensation vessel 104 and concentrated saline and/ or salt is taken out by opening the bottom valves in the respective vessels to atmosphere.
  • the advantages of the present invention are its low capital as well as operating cost and simplicity and ease of installation.
  • the present invention just comprises of two vessels and a heating and cooling fluid for crystallization of salt resulting in very low capital cost compared to competing technologies like multi-effect distillation which is only suitable for sea water desalination and mechanical vapour compression which cannot crystallize salt viably.
  • the invention can be used wherever either of the heating or cooling fluid is available. In such a case, water at ambient temperature is used as cooling or heating fluid to desalinate water. Also the difference in outlet temperatures of hot heat transfer fluid and cold heat transfer fluid can further be used to desalinate more water till the temperature difference becomes unsuitable for any further desalination.
  • the present invention can be operated in continuous mode apart from batch mode as described above.
  • the invention can also be used for reducing dissolved solids in other liquids.
  • the invention can be used for reducing suspended solids and miscible liquids in water or other liquids like hydrocarbons.
  • the invention can be operated in a similar manner for separation of hydrocarbon mixtures by using suitable heating and cooling fluids with suitable temperatures and flow rates and/ or a compressor of suitable rating in the connecting pipe 106.
  • the invention can be operated in continuous mode as described earlier for heating of re-boiler and cooling of condenser of vertical or horizontal distillation columns used for separation of hydrocarbon mixtures using distillation unit operation in refineries and other chemical plants.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un système de distillation et un procédé associé. Le système (100) comprend un récipient d'évaporation (102) comportant des moyens servant à chauffer un liquide contenu à son intérieur et à produire des vapeurs dudit liquide, et un récipient de condensation (104) comportant des moyens servant à refroidir et à condenser les vapeurs produites dans le récipient d'évaporation (102). Un tuyau de raccordement (106) sert à relier le récipient d'évaporation (102) au récipient de condensation (104) et à transférer les vapeurs du récipient d'évaporation (102) au récipient de condensation (104), la quantité de vapeurs transférées du récipient d'évaporation (102) au récipient de condensation (104) dépendant de la différence de pression entre le récipient d'évaporation (102) et le récipient de condensation (104) et l'aire d'ouverture du tuyau de raccordement (106).
PCT/IN2016/000097 2015-04-17 2016-04-13 Système et procédé pour l'évaporation et la condensation simultanées dans des récipients reliés Ceased WO2016166768A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1717504.3A GB2555951B (en) 2015-04-17 2016-04-13 System and method for simultaneous evaporation and condensation in connected vessels
US15/565,539 US10876772B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2016-04-13 System and method for simultaneous evaporation and condensation in connected vessels

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN1079/DEL/2015 2015-04-17
IN1079DE2015 2015-04-17
IN1568/DEL/2015 2015-06-01
IN1568DE2015 2015-06-01
IN201611006190 2016-02-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016166768A1 true WO2016166768A1 (fr) 2016-10-20

Family

ID=57126400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IN2016/000097 Ceased WO2016166768A1 (fr) 2015-04-17 2016-04-13 Système et procédé pour l'évaporation et la condensation simultanées dans des récipients reliés

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016166768A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1445011A (zh) * 2002-03-19 2003-10-01 林茂森 无能耗蒸馏装置
WO2009157875A1 (fr) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-30 National University Of Singapore Appareil et procédé pour un dessalement amélioré

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1445011A (zh) * 2002-03-19 2003-10-01 林茂森 无能耗蒸馏装置
WO2009157875A1 (fr) * 2008-06-23 2009-12-30 National University Of Singapore Appareil et procédé pour un dessalement amélioré

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