WO2016039015A1 - 可変ノズルユニット及び可変容量型過給機 - Google Patents
可変ノズルユニット及び可変容量型過給機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016039015A1 WO2016039015A1 PCT/JP2015/070571 JP2015070571W WO2016039015A1 WO 2016039015 A1 WO2016039015 A1 WO 2016039015A1 JP 2015070571 W JP2015070571 W JP 2015070571W WO 2016039015 A1 WO2016039015 A1 WO 2016039015A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wall member
- variable
- nozzle ring
- nozzle
- turbine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/24—Control of the pumps by using pumps or turbines with adjustable guide vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/165—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for radial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially parallel to the rotor centre line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a variable nozzle unit and a variable capacity supercharger for adjusting a flow area (flow rate) of exhaust gas supplied to a turbine impeller side in a variable capacity supercharger.
- variable capacity supercharger is a supercharger having a variable nozzle unit disposed in the turbine housing.
- variable nozzle unit disposed in the turbine housing.
- a conventional variable nozzle unit includes a first nozzle ring as an annular first wall member and a second nozzle ring as an annular second wall member, which are disposed in the turbine housing.
- the first nozzle ring is disposed concentrically with the turbine impeller.
- the second nozzle ring is disposed at a position separated from the first nozzle ring in the axial direction (axial direction of the turbine impeller).
- the second nozzle ring is provided integrally with the first nozzle ring by a plurality of connecting pins arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction (predetermined circumferential direction).
- the first nozzle ring has a surface (facing surface) facing the second nozzle ring.
- the second nozzle ring has a surface (facing surface) facing the first nozzle ring.
- a plurality of variable nozzles are disposed between these facing surfaces.
- the variable nozzles are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (predetermined circumferential direction).
- Each variable nozzle is rotatable in the forward direction and the reverse direction (opening direction and closing direction) around an axis parallel to the axis of the turbine impeller.
- a link chamber is defined on the opposite side of the opposing surface of the first nozzle ring.
- a link mechanism is disposed in the link chamber. The link mechanism rotates the plurality of variable nozzles in synchronization with the forward direction or the reverse direction.
- a support ring is provided on the opposite side of the opposing surface of the first nozzle ring.
- the outer diameter of the support ring is larger than the outer diameter of the first nozzle ring.
- the inner edge of the support ring is coupled to one end of a plurality of connecting pins that connect the first nozzle ring and the second nozzle ring. Thereby, the support ring is integrally connected to the first nozzle ring and the second nozzle ring.
- the outer edge portion of the support ring is attached to the bearing housing while being sandwiched between the bearing housing and the turbine housing.
- the temperature of the portion of the first nozzle ring on the side far from the bearing housing is high, and the temperature of the portion of the first nozzle ring near the bearing housing is low. That is, during normal operation of the variable capacity supercharger, the first nozzle ring has a non-uniform temperature distribution along the axial direction.
- the first nozzle ring is thermally deformed so as to be inclined with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Then, depending on the operation status of the variable capacity supercharger, the parallelism between the facing surface of the first nozzle ring and the facing surface of the second nozzle ring is lowered, and the facing surface of the first nozzle ring and the second nozzle ring There is a possibility that the interval between the opposing surfaces is locally narrowed.
- the conventional variable nozzle unit maintains the stability of the operation of a plurality of variable nozzles, so that the reliability of the variable nozzle unit, in other words, the reliability of the variable capacity supercharger can be secured.
- the size of the side clearance is set. On the other hand, if the nozzle side clearance is set larger, the exhaust gas leakage flow from the nozzle side clearance increases, so that the turbine efficiency of the variable capacity supercharger tends to decrease.
- the nozzle side clearance is a clearance between the facing surface of the first nozzle ring and the side surface (one side surface in the axial direction) of the variable nozzle facing the facing surface, or the facing surface of the second nozzle ring. It means a gap with the side surface (the other side surface in the axial direction) of the variable nozzle facing the facing surface.
- variable nozzle unit that adjusts a flow passage area of exhaust gas supplied to a turbine impeller side in a variable capacity supercharger
- the variable housing type turbocharger includes the turbine housing in the variable capacity supercharger.
- An annular first wall member disposed concentrically with the turbine impeller, and a plurality of connecting pins arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction at positions spaced apart from each other in the axial direction with respect to the first wall member
- An annular second wall member provided integrally with the first wall member, and a circumferential space between the facing surface of the first wall member and the facing surface of the second wall member.
- a plurality of variable nozzles that can be rotated in forward and reverse directions around an axis parallel to the axis of the turbine impeller, a link mechanism for rotating the variable nozzles synchronously, and the first One connecting member is connected to one wall member.
- a support ring which is integrally connected by the coupling parts, the first wall member, and summarized in that is constituted by a plurality of wall members segments laminated along the axial direction.
- arranged means not only directly disposed but also indirectly disposed through another member.
- provided means that it is indirectly provided via another member in addition to being directly provided.
- annular first wall member and the “annular second wall member” may constitute a part of the turbine housing or the like.
- the “axial direction” refers to the axial direction of the turbine impeller (in other words, the axial direction of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the support ring) unless otherwise specified.
- “Laminated along the axial direction” means not only the case where the lamination direction of the first wall members is parallel to the axial direction but also the case where the first wall member is inclined with respect to the axial direction.
- the term “coupled” includes coupling by caulking, welding, screws or the like.
- the “radial direction” refers to the radial direction of the turbine impeller (in other words, the radial direction of the first wall member, the second wall member, and the support ring) unless otherwise specified.
- variable capacity supercharger that supercharges air supplied to the engine side using energy of exhaust gas from the engine.
- the gist is that a nozzle unit is provided.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the first wall member from being thermally deformed during normal operation of the variable capacity supercharger. Thereby, a nozzle side clearance can be made as small as possible. Therefore, according to the present invention, the stability of the operation of the plurality of variable nozzles is maintained, and the reliability of the variable nozzle unit, in other words, the reliability of the variable displacement supercharger is ensured while the nozzle side clearance is maintained. The leakage flow from the engine can be reduced, and the turbine efficiency of the variable capacity turbocharger can be maintained or improved.
- FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the arrow I in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the arrow II in FIG.
- FIG. 3A is a view showing the first nozzle ring in the variable nozzle unit according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIB-IIIB in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a view of the variable nozzle unit according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the link mechanism side.
- FIG. 5A is a view showing a support ring in the variable nozzle unit according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VB-VB in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the variable capacity supercharger according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a temperature distribution state of a part of the first nozzle ring during normal operation of the variable capacity supercharger.
- FIGS. As shown in the drawing, “L” is the left direction, “R” is the right direction, “AD” is the axial direction, “BD” is the radial direction, “BDi” is the inside in the radial direction, and “BDo” is the outside in the radial direction. , “CD” indicates the circumferential direction.
- the supercharger 1 As shown in FIG. 6, the supercharger 1 according to the present embodiment supercharges (compresses) the air supplied to the engine using the pressure energy of the exhaust gas from the engine (not shown). As described below, the supercharger 1 is a so-called variable capacity supercharger including a variable nozzle unit 43.
- the supercharger 1 includes a bearing housing 3. A pair of radial bearings 5 and a pair of thrust bearings 7 are provided in the bearing housing 3. The plurality of bearings 5 and 7 are rotatably provided with a rotor shaft (turbine shaft) 9 extending in the left-right direction. In other words, the rotor shaft 9 is rotatably provided in the bearing housing 3 via the plurality of bearings 5 and 7.
- Compressor housing 11 is provided on the right side of bearing housing 3.
- a compressor impeller 13 is provided in the compressor housing 11.
- the compressor impeller 13 can rotate around the axis C of the compressor impeller 13 and compresses air using centrifugal force during rotation.
- the compressor impeller 13 is integrally connected to the right end portion of the rotor shaft 9.
- the compressor impeller 13 includes a compressor disk 15.
- the hub surface 15 h of the compressor disk 15 extends from the right side of the compressor impeller 13 to the outside in the radial direction of the compressor impeller 13.
- a plurality of compressor blades 17 are integrally formed on the hub surface 15 h of the compressor disk 15.
- the compressor blades 17 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the compressor impeller 13 (the circumferential direction of the hub surface 15 h of the compressor disk 15).
- An air inlet 19 for taking air into the compressor housing 11 is formed on the inlet side of the compressor impeller 13 in the compressor housing 11 (upstream side when viewed from the main air flow direction).
- the air intake 19 is connected to an air cleaner (not shown) that purifies air.
- a diffuser flow path 21 is formed on the outlet side of the compressor impeller 13 between the bearing housing 3 and the compressor housing 11 (downstream side when viewed from the main flow direction of air).
- the diffuser channel 21 is formed in an annular shape, and pressurizes compressed air.
- a compressor scroll passage 23 is formed in the compressor housing 11.
- the compressor scroll passage 23 is formed in a spiral shape and communicates with the diffuser passage 21.
- An air discharge port 25 is formed at an appropriate position of the compressor housing 11.
- the air discharge port 25 discharges the compressed air to the outside of the compressor housing 11.
- the air discharge port 25 is connected to an intake manifold (not shown) of the engine.
- a seal plate 27 is provided on the right side of the bearing housing 3.
- the seal plate 27 is formed in an annular shape and suppresses the leakage of compressed air to the thrust bearing 7 side.
- a turbine housing 29 is provided on the left side of the bearing housing 3.
- a turbine impeller 31 is provided in the turbine housing 29.
- the turbine impeller 31 is rotatable around the axis C of the turbine impeller 31 and generates a rotational force using the pressure energy of the exhaust gas.
- the turbine impeller 31 is integrally connected to the left end portion of the rotor shaft 9.
- the turbine impeller 31 includes a turbine disk 33.
- a hub surface 33 h of the turbine disk 33 extends from the left side (one side in the axial direction) of the turbine impeller 31 to the outside in the radial direction of the turbine impeller 31.
- a plurality of turbine blades 35 are integrally formed on the hub surface 33 h of the turbine disk 33.
- the turbine blades 35 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the turbine impeller 31 (the circumferential direction of the hub surface 33 h of the turbine disk 33).
- a gas inlet 37 for taking exhaust gas into the turbine housing 29 is formed at an appropriate position of the turbine housing 29.
- the gas inlet 37 is connected to an exhaust manifold (not shown) of the engine.
- a turbine scroll passage 39 is formed on the inlet side of the turbine impeller 31 inside the turbine housing 29 (upstream side when viewed from the main flow direction of the exhaust gas).
- the turbine scroll flow path 39 is formed in a spiral shape and communicates with the gas intake port 37.
- a gas discharge port 41 for discharging exhaust gas is formed on the outlet side of the turbine impeller 31 in the turbine housing 29 (downstream side when viewed from the flow direction of the exhaust gas).
- the gas discharge port 41 is connected to a catalyst (not shown) via a connecting pipe (not shown).
- the supercharger 1 is equipped with a variable nozzle unit 43 that adjusts (variable) the flow area (flow rate) of exhaust gas supplied to the turbine impeller 31 side.
- a first nozzle ring 45 as a first wall member is disposed in the turbine housing 29.
- the first nozzle ring 45 is formed in an annular shape and is disposed concentrically with the turbine impeller 31.
- a fitting protrusion 47 is formed on the right side surface of the first nozzle ring 45.
- the fitting protrusion 47 is formed in an annular shape and protrudes rightward (toward the bearing housing 3).
- the fitting protrusion 47 is supported by the support portion 49 by being fitted to an annular support portion 49 formed on the left side surface (side surface facing the turbine housing 29) of the bearing housing 3. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the first nozzle ring 45 has a plurality of support holes 51 formed therein.
- the support holes 51 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and penetrate the first nozzle ring 45.
- a plurality of guide claws 53 are formed on the fitting protrusion 47 of the first nozzle ring 45.
- the guide claws 53 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction (predetermined circumferential direction).
- Each guide claw 53 has a guide groove 55 having a U-shaped cross section on the distal end side (radially outer side).
- a second nozzle ring serving as an annular second wall member is provided at a position facing the first nozzle ring 45 in the left-right direction (the axial direction of the turbine impeller 31).
- 57 is provided.
- the second nozzle ring 57 is provided integrally and concentrically with the first nozzle ring 45 via a plurality (three or more) of connecting pins 59 arranged in a predetermined circumferential direction.
- the plurality of connecting pins 59 have a structure that sets the interval between the opposing surface (left side surface) of the first nozzle ring 45 and the opposing surface (right side surface) of the second nozzle ring 57.
- the second nozzle ring 57 may have a cylindrical shroud portion (not shown) that covers the tips 35t of the plurality of turbine blades 35.
- the first nozzle ring 45 has a surface (opposing surface) that faces the second nozzle ring 57.
- the second nozzle ring 57 has a surface (facing surface) that faces the first nozzle ring 45.
- a plurality of variable nozzles 61 are disposed between these opposing surfaces.
- the variable nozzles 61 are arranged at equal intervals in a predetermined circumferential direction so as to surround the turbine impeller 31.
- Each variable nozzle 61 is rotatable in the forward direction and the reverse direction (opening direction and closing direction) around an axis parallel to the axis C of the turbine impeller 31.
- a nozzle shaft 63 is integrally formed on the right side surface (one side surface in the axial direction, the side surface facing the first nozzle ring 45) of each variable nozzle 61.
- Each nozzle shaft 63 is rotatably supported in the corresponding support hole 51 of the first nozzle ring 45.
- the intervals between the plurality of variable nozzles 61 in the circumferential direction may or may not be equal.
- Each variable nozzle 61 may have a second nozzle shaft (not shown) integrally formed on the left side surface (the side surface on the other side in the axial direction, the side surface facing the second nozzle ring 57).
- the second nozzle ring 57 has a support hole (not shown) for rotatably supporting the second nozzle shaft.
- An annular link chamber 65 is defined on the opposite side (right side) of the opposing surface of the first nozzle ring 45.
- a link mechanism 67 is disposed in the link chamber 65. The link mechanism 67 rotates the plurality of variable nozzles 61 in synchronization with the forward direction or the reverse direction (opening direction or closing direction).
- a drive ring 69 is positive around the axis C of the turbine impeller 31 (axis of the first nozzle ring 45) C. It is provided so as to be rotatable in the direction and the reverse direction.
- the drive ring 69 is rotated in the forward direction or the reverse direction by driving of a rotation actuator 71 such as an electric motor or a diaphragm actuator.
- the drive ring 69 has a plurality of (as many as the variable nozzles 61) engaging recesses (engaging portions) 73 formed therein.
- the engagement recesses 73 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (circumferential direction of the drive ring 69), and each is recessed outward in the radial direction.
- Another engagement recess (engagement portion) 75 is formed at an appropriate position of the drive ring 69. Similar to the engaging recess 73, the engaging recess 75 is recessed outward in the radial direction.
- the base portion of the nozzle link member 77 is integrally connected to the nozzle shaft 63 of each variable nozzle 61. The tip of each nozzle link member 77 is engaged with a corresponding engagement recess 73 of the drive ring 69.
- the drive ring 69 is provided in the guide grooves 55 of the plurality of guide claws 53 so as to be rotatable in the forward direction and the reverse direction.
- the drive ring 69 has a forward direction and a reverse direction in a guide ring (not shown) disposed on the opposite surface of the opposed surface of the first nozzle ring 45. It may be provided so as to be rotatable.
- the link mechanism 67 is disposed on the side opposite to the facing surface of the first nozzle ring 45 (in the link chamber 65). Instead, the link mechanism 67 may be disposed on the opposite surface side (left side surface side) of the facing surface of the second nozzle ring 57.
- the opposite surface (right side surface) of the first nozzle ring 45 is an annular support member.
- a support ring 87 is provided.
- the outer diameter of the support ring 87 is larger than the outer diameter of the first nozzle ring 45.
- the inner edge portion of the support ring 87 is connected to the first nozzle ring 45 by caulking and joining one end portions (right end portions) of the plurality of connecting pins 59.
- a plurality of connecting pieces 89 are formed on the inner edge of the support ring 87 at intervals in the circumferential direction (the circumferential direction of the support ring 87). Each connecting piece 89 protrudes inward in the radial direction.
- Each connecting piece 89 has a pin hole 91 formed therethrough.
- the right end portion of the connecting pin 59 is inserted into and fitted into the pin hole 91.
- the support ring 87 is connected to the first nozzle ring 45.
- the outer edge portion of the support ring 87 is attached to the bearing housing 3 while being sandwiched between the bearing housing 3 and the turbine housing 29.
- the outer edge portion of the support ring 87 is allowed to be displaced in the radial direction (fine movement) with respect to the bearing housing 3.
- the outer edge portion of the support ring 87 is attached to the bearing housing 3 in a state of being sandwiched by the bearing housing 3 by the turbine housing 29.
- the outer edge portion of the support ring 87 may be attached to the bearing housing 3 by mounting bolts (not shown).
- the first nozzle ring 45 is a wall member that is laminated along the axial direction (thickness direction of the first nozzle ring 45). It is composed of three nozzle ring segments SG as segments.
- the first nozzle ring 45 is constituted by two nozzle ring segments SG1 and SG2 on the side far from the bearing housing 3 (side near the variable nozzle 61) and the nozzle ring segment SG3 on the side closest to the bearing housing 3. .
- the nozzle ring segment SG1 is further away from the bearing housing 3 than the nozzle ring segment SG2. That is, the nozzle ring segment SG2 is located between the nozzle ring segment SG1 and the nozzle ring segment SG3.
- the nozzle ring segment SG3 includes the fitting protrusion 47 described above. Moreover, the thickness (length in the axial direction) of each nozzle ring segment is thicker in the order of the nozzle ring segment SG1, the nozzle ring segment SG2, and the nozzle ring segment SG3. Conversely, the nozzle ring segment SG1 is thinner than the nozzle ring segment SG2, and the nozzle ring segment SG2 is thinner than the nozzle ring segment SG3.
- Such setting of the thickness of the three nozzle ring segments SG (SG1, SG2, SG3) is such that during normal operation of the supercharger 1, the high temperature portion of the first nozzle ring 45 has a low member temperature.
- the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG means the average thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG when the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG is not constant.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG1 is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient of the constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG2. Further, the linear expansion coefficient of the constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG2 is smaller than the linear expansion coefficient of the constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG3. That is, the linear expansion coefficients of the constituent materials of the nozzle ring segments SG1, SG2, and SG3 are increased in the order of arrangement from the turbine housing 29 toward the bearing housing 3.
- martensitic stainless steel is used as a constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG1.
- Ferritic stainless steel is used as a constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG2.
- Austenitic stainless steel is used as a constituent material of the nozzle ring segment SG3.
- stainless steel having different linear expansion coefficients is used as a constituent material of the plurality of nozzle ring segments SG.
- other constituent materials may be used for the nozzle ring segments SG1, SG2, and SG3 as long as the constituent materials of the nozzle ring segments SG1, SG2, and SG3 satisfy the magnitude relationship of the linear expansion coefficient.
- different types of heat-resistant alloys may be used in combination.
- the number of nozzle ring segments SG is not limited to 3 shown in the present embodiment. That is, the number of nozzle ring segments SG may be two or four or more.
- the first nozzle ring 45 is formed with a plurality of pin holes 93 through which one end (right end) of the connecting pin 59 is inserted.
- the pin holes 93 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction (predetermined circumferential direction) and penetrate the first nozzle ring 45.
- Each pin hole 93 is formed in a slotted hole shape extending from the inner edge side (inner peripheral edge side) of the first nozzle ring 45 toward the outer edge side (outer peripheral edge side).
- Each pin hole 93 may extend in the radial direction, or may extend in a direction inclined with respect to the radial direction.
- Each pin hole 93 may be formed in a round hole shape.
- a communication passage 95 for communicating the turbine scroll flow path 39 and the link chamber 65 is formed inside (inner peripheral surface side) of the support ring 87.
- the communication passage 95 is formed in a discontinuous annular shape extending in the circumferential direction of the support ring 87, and is positioned between adjacent connecting pieces 89 in the circumferential direction.
- the opposite surface side (right side surface side) of the facing surface of the first nozzle ring 45 communicates with the turbine scroll passage 39 via the communication passage 95 and the link chamber 65.
- the support portion 49 of the bearing housing 3 has a protrusion 97 on its inner edge.
- the protrusion 97 is formed in an annular shape and protrudes leftward.
- a heat shield plate 99 is fitted to the protrusion 97.
- the heat shield plate 99 is formed in an annular shape and shields heat from the turbine impeller 31 side.
- a fitting step 101 is formed on the outer edge (outer peripheral edge) of the heat shield plate 99.
- the fitting step portion 101 is formed in an annular shape that is recessed radially inward from the outer edge portion.
- the fitting step portion 101 is fitted to the inner edge portion of the first nozzle ring 45.
- a disc spring 103 as an example of an urging (pressing) member is provided between the heat shield plate 99 and the support portion 49 of the bearing housing 3.
- the disc spring 103 is provided outside the bearing housing 3 in the radial direction, and biases (presses) the fitting step portion 101 of the heat shield plate 99 against the inner edge portion of the first nozzle ring 45.
- a plurality of seal rings 105 as an example of a seal member are provided between the inner peripheral surface of the second nozzle ring 57 and an appropriate portion of the turbine housing 29. The seal ring 105 suppresses leakage of exhaust gas from the opposite surface side (left side surface side) of the opposing surface of the second nozzle ring 57.
- the exhaust gas taken in from the gas intake port 37 flows from the inlet side to the outlet side of the turbine impeller 31 via the turbine scroll passage 39, thereby generating a rotational force using the pressure energy of the exhaust gas, and the rotor
- the shaft 9 and the compressor impeller 13 can be rotated integrally with the turbine impeller 31.
- the air taken in from the air intake 19 can be compressed and discharged from the air outlet 25 via the diffuser passage 21 and the compressor scroll passage 23, and the air supplied to the engine is supercharged. (Compressed).
- the link mechanism 67 is operated by the rotation actuator 71 and the variable nozzles 61 are moved in the forward direction (opening direction). By rotating in synchronism, the flow area (throat area) of the exhaust gas supplied to the turbine impeller 31 side is increased, and a large amount of exhaust gas is supplied.
- the link mechanism 67 is operated by the rotation actuator 71 and the plurality of variable nozzles 61 are rotated synchronously in the reverse direction (closed direction).
- the flow area of the exhaust gas supplied to the turbine impeller 31 side is reduced, the flow rate of the exhaust gas is increased, and the work amount of the turbine impeller 31 is sufficiently ensured.
- the turbine impeller 31 can generate the rotational force sufficiently and stably regardless of the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
- 1st nozzle ring 45 is comprised by the some nozzle ring segment SG laminated
- each pin hole 93 of the first nozzle ring 45 is formed in a long hole shape extending from the inner edge side of the first nozzle ring 45 toward the outer edge side, the radial direction of the first nozzle ring 45 It is possible to sufficiently prevent the free thermal expansion of the material from being hindered.
- the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG1 is thinner than the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG2 and the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG2 is thinner than the thickness of the nozzle ring segment SG3
- the temperature difference between the portion far from the bearing housing 3 and the portion closer to the bearing housing 3 in each nozzle ring segment SG can be minimized.
- the difference in the thermal expansion in the radial direction of the three nozzle ring segments SG is made as small as possible, and the first nozzle It can suppress more fully that the free thermal expansion of the radial direction of the ring 45 is prevented.
- each variable nozzle 61 can be brought closer to the opposing surface side of the second nozzle ring 57.
- the first nozzle it is possible to sufficiently suppress the free thermal expansion of the ring 45 in the radial direction. Therefore, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the first nozzle ring 45 from being thermally deformed so that the opposing surface of the first nozzle ring 45 is inclined with respect to the direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Thereby, the nozzle side clearance can be made as small as possible while sufficiently ensuring the parallelism between the facing surface of the first nozzle ring 45 and the facing surface of the second nozzle ring 57.
- the stability of the operation of the plurality of variable nozzles 61 is maintained, and the reliability of the variable nozzle unit 43, in other words, the reliability of the supercharger 1 is ensured while the nozzle side
- the leakage flow from the clearance can be reduced, and the turbine efficiency of the supercharger 1 can be improved.
- each variable nozzle 61 can be moved toward the opposing surface side of the second nozzle ring 57. Therefore, the leakage flow from the gap between the left side surface of each variable nozzle 61 and the opposing surface of the second nozzle ring 57 is suppressed, and the tip of the turbine blade 35 on the tip 35t side (the portion from the midspan side to the tip 35t side). The flow of the exhaust gas along can be stabilized, and the turbine efficiency of the supercharger 1 can be further improved.
- variable nozzle unit 43 since it is possible to sufficiently prevent free thermal expansion in the radial direction of the first nozzle ring 45 while suppressing an increase in the number of segments of the nozzle ring segment SG, an increase in the number of parts of the variable nozzle unit 43 is achieved.
- the configuration of the variable nozzle unit 43 can be simplified and the assemblability can be improved.
- Example 2 A heat transfer analysis (heat transfer analysis) is performed on the temperature distribution state of the first nozzle ring 45 during operation of the supercharger 1 (see FIG. 6), and the analysis result is shown in FIG. That is, during the operation of the supercharger 1, it has been found that the thickness of the portion where the member temperature is high in the first nozzle ring 45 tends to be thinner than the thickness of the portion where the member temperature is low.
- FIG. 7 0.8 in FIG. 7 is the first nozzle ring when the temperature of the end face (nozzle side end face) of the first nozzle ring 45 far from the bearing housing 3 (see FIG. 6) is 1.0.
- 45 shows the temperature of the end face (support ring side end face) on the side close to the bearing housing 3.
- each region partitioned by different hatching in FIG. 7 indicates a region having the same temperature difference, and the temperature difference between adjacent regions is about 0.025 in the above case.
- the numerical values in FIG. 7 are reference values for showing the tendency of the temperature distribution state of the first nozzle ring 45.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
過給機1(図6参照)の運転中における第1ノズルリング45の温度分布状態について熱伝達解析(伝熱解析)を行い、その解析結果を図7に示す。即ち、過給機1の運転中に、第1ノズルリング45における部材温度の高い部位の厚みが部材温度の低い部位の厚みよりも薄くなる傾向があることが判明した。
Claims (7)
- 可変容量型過給機におけるタービンインペラ側へ供給される排気ガスの流路面積を調整する可変ノズルユニットであって、
前記可変容量型過給機におけるタービンハウジング内に、前記タービンインペラと同心状に配設された環状の第1壁部材と、
前記第1壁部材に対して軸方向に離隔対向した位置に、円周方向に間隔を置いて並んだ複数の連結ピンによって前記第1壁部材と一体的に設けられた環状の第2壁部材と、
前記第1壁部材の対向面と前記第2壁部材の対向面との間に円周方向に間隔を置いて配設され、前記タービンインペラの軸心に平行な軸心周りに正逆方向へ回動可能な複数の可変ノズルと、
複数の前記可変ノズルを同期して回動させるためのリンク機構と、
前記第1壁部材に複数の前記連結ピンの一端部の結合によって一体的に連結されたサポートリングと、を具備し、
前記第1壁部材は、軸方向に沿って積層された複数の壁部材セグメントにより構成されていることを特徴とする可変ノズルユニット。 - 複数の前記壁部材セグメントのうち、前記ベアリングハウジングに遠い側の前記壁部材セグメントの厚みが、前記ベアリングハウジングに近い側の前記壁部材セグメントの厚みよりも薄いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の可変ノズルユニット。
- 複数の前記壁部材セグメントのうち、前記ベアリングハウジングに遠い側の前記壁部材セグメントの構成材料の線膨張係数が、前記ベアリングハウジングに近い側の前記壁部材セグメントの構成材料の線膨張係数よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の可変ノズルユニット。
- 前記第1壁部材に、前記連結ピンの一端部を挿通させるための複数のピン穴が円周方向に間隔を置いて貫通形成され、
前記第1壁部材の各ピン穴が前記第1壁部材の内縁部側から外縁部側に向かって延びる長穴状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のうちのいずれか一項に記載の可変ノズルユニット。 - 前記第1壁部材に複数の支持穴が円周方向に間隔を置いて貫通形成され、
各可変ノズルのノズル軸が、前記第1壁部材に対応する前記支持穴に回動可能に支持され、
前記第1壁部材の対向面の反対面側が前記タービンハウジングのタービンスクロール流路に連通していることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のうちのいずれか一項に記載の可変ノズルユニット。 - 可変容量型過給機におけるタービンインペラ側へ供給される排気ガスの流路面積を可変とする可変ノズルユニットにおいて、
前記可変容量型過給機におけるタービンハウジング内に前記タービンインペラと同心状に配設された環状の壁部材と、
前記壁部材に円周方向に間隔を置いて配設され、正逆方向へ回動可能な複数の可変ノズルと、
複数の前記可変ノズルを同期して回動させるためのリンク機構と、
前記壁部材に連結されたサポートリングと、を具備し、
前記壁部材は、軸方向に沿って積層された複数の壁部材セグメントにより構成されていることを特徴とする可変ノズルユニット。 - エンジンからの排気ガスのエネルギーを利用して、前記エンジン側に供給される空気を過給する可変容量型過給機であって、
請求項1から請求項6のうちのいずれか一項に記載の可変ノズルユニットを具備したことを特徴とする可変容量型過給機。
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| CN201580047953.6A CN106687673B (zh) | 2014-09-12 | 2015-07-17 | 可变喷嘴单元及可变容量型增压器 |
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| US11739655B2 (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2023-08-29 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Variable nozzle device and variable-displacement type exhaust turbocharger |
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| JPWO2016039015A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
| JP6299874B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 |
| CN106687673B (zh) | 2019-05-17 |
| US20170130646A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
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