WO2016030057A1 - Slip-controlled hydraulic dual-circuit vehicle brake system and operating method therefor - Google Patents
Slip-controlled hydraulic dual-circuit vehicle brake system and operating method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016030057A1 WO2016030057A1 PCT/EP2015/065058 EP2015065058W WO2016030057A1 WO 2016030057 A1 WO2016030057 A1 WO 2016030057A1 EP 2015065058 W EP2015065058 W EP 2015065058W WO 2016030057 A1 WO2016030057 A1 WO 2016030057A1
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- Prior art keywords
- brake
- wheel
- vehicle
- pressure
- circuit
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
- B60T8/4072—Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/26—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
- B60T8/4031—Pump units characterised by their construction or mounting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
- B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
- B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
- B60T8/4863—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
- B60T8/4872—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hydraulic two-circuit vehicle brake system with a slip control with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating the vehicle brake system having the features of the preamble of claim 6.
- Slip control are known in particular as Bremsblockierschutz-, traction and vehicle dynamics regulations, said for the latter also the terms electronic stability program or colloquially anti-skid control are in use. Common abbreviations are ABS, ASR, ESP and FDR. Furthermore, an electronic brake force distribution, a so-called electronic brake assist and an automatic braking are possible with a slip-controlled vehicle brake system.
- the known vehicle brake system has a dual-circuit master cylinder to which two brake circuits are connected via a respective isolation valve. Dual-circuit master cylinders are also referred to as tandem master cylinder.
- the known vehicle brake system has two wheel brakes in each brake circuit, which are each connected via an inlet valve to the isolation valve of the respective brake circuit. Each wheel brake is assigned an outlet valve, via which the wheel brake is connected to a hydraulic accumulator and to a suction side of a hydraulic pump.
- the hydraulic accumulator serves to hold and temporarily store brake fluid which, in the case of slip control, reduces the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes Opening the exhaust valves flows out of the wheel brakes.
- a pressure side of the hydraulic pumps is connected between the isolation valves and the inlet valves. By suction valves, the suction sides of the hydraulic pumps are connected to the master cylinder. With the hydraulic pumps brake fluid from the hydraulic accumulator is in a slip control after a
- the inventive hydraulic slip-controlled two-circuit Vietnamesebrems- anläge is provided for a Il-Bremsnikaufogue, in the front wheels associated wheel brakes to a brake circuit and rear wheels associated with wheel brakes are connected to another brake circuit.
- the invention is not limited to this brake circuit distribution.
- Two-circuit is understood to mean at least two brake circuits, braking the front wheels of a vehicle are more heavily loaded and must be braked more to achieve a short braking distance.
- the rear wheels are relieved by a braking and may need to avoid blocking to be weaker
- the load on the front wheels and relieving the rear wheels increases with a deceleration of the vehicle, ie with a strength of braking.
- the installation of an engine, usually also a gearbox, in front of many passenger cars are already at unbraked vehicle the Front wheels more heavily loaded than the rear wheels.
- the load on the front wheels and relieving the rear wheels is reinforced by a front-wheel drive.
- the wheel brakes associated with the front wheels have to brake more strongly than the wheel brakes assigned to the rear wheels in order to achieve a short braking distance. Therefore, the wheel brakes of the front wheels are designed to be larger, in particular with respect to the piston diameter to achieve a higher braking effect with a certain pressure. As a consequence, in comparison to the wheel brakes of the rear wheels, a significantly higher volume of brake fluid must be displaced into the wheel brakes of the front wheels to build up the same pressure as in the wheel brakes of the rear wheels. Therefore, the invention provides hydraulic pumps with different flow rates in the two brake circuits of the vehicle brake system. In the case of piston pumps, different delivery rates are due to a different number of pump elements, different piston strokes and / or different
- Piston diameter possible.
- the list is exemplary and not exhaustive, the invention is also possible with other hydraulic pumps as piston pumps, such as gear pumps.
- other hydraulic pumps as piston pumps, such as gear pumps.
- With different drives of the hydraulic pumps and / or a transmission or transfer case for different pump speeds are also different flow rates of
- Claim 2 provides a common drive of the hydraulic pumps, which also means a same speed, as is customary in slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake systems.
- the various delivery rates of the hydraulic pumps in the various brake circuits according to the invention are achieved in particular by a structural design of the hydraulic pumps, that is, for example, different piston diameters.
- the vehicle brake system according to the invention is provided for an II brake circuit distribution and front wheel-associated wheel brakes are assigned to a hydraulic pump with a larger delivery rate (claim A stronger braking of individual wheel brakes, for example, front wheel associated with wheel brakes, requires at the same wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes on the front wheels, which generate a larger wheel braking at the same wheel brake than wheel brakes
- a larger wheel brake at the same wheel brake pressure is for example possible by larger diameter or more brake piston of a wheel brake.
- Such wheel brakes which generate a larger braking force by a larger volume of brake fluid at the same wheel brake pressure require a larger volume of brake fluid to build a specific wheel brake (claim 4).
- the invention causes the larger volume of brake fluid of the wheel brakes with the larger brake fluid intake, which are normally associated with the front wheels, d. H. a larger flow of brake fluid in the wheel brakes with the larger brake fluid volume through the different flow rates of the hydraulic pumps.
- Advantage of the invention is that target pressures in the wheel brakes are achieved faster when the target pressures in the wheel brakes of the two brake circuits are different.
- Target pressures are, for example, brake pressures in the wheel brakes at blocking limits of assigned vehicle wheels.
- An additional advantage of the invention is that a brake pressure build-up in wheel brakes, in which a higher brake pressure is to be achieved, is less slowed down by the fact that in wheel brakes, in which a lower brake pressure is to be built up, the target pressure has already been reached.
- the flow rates of the hydraulic pumps are chosen so that at an autonomous braking, the wheel brakes reach their target pressures simultaneously.
- the target pressures are, for example, the pressures at a blocking limit of assigned vehicle wheels.
- the target pressures are higher in wheel brakes of front wheels than in wheel brakes of rear wheels.
- Braking is a brake application without actuation of the master brake cylinder and a brake pressure build-up exclusively with the hydraulic pumps. Ideally, all wheel brakes reach their target pressures at the same time and in practice almost at the same time and the wheel brakes reach their target pressures in less time than would be the case with hydraulic pumps with the same flow rates in both brake circuits.
- Claim 7 provides that the vehicle brake system comprises a brake fluid reservoir to which the suction side and a valve, the pressure side of a hydraulic pump of a brake circuit is connected.
- the brake fluid reservoir is in particular depressurized and preferably an existing brake fluid reservoir mounted on the master brake cylinder.
- this brake circuit can be completely decoupled via an isolation valve without parallel-connected check valve as needed from the master cylinder.
- This embodiment of the invention makes it possible that the hydraulic pump of a brake circuit builds up only a brake pressure to the target pressure and then promotes only against this target pressure.
- Hydraulic pump this brake circuit does not have to start or promote against the higher pressure in the other brake circuit, which reduces their drive power, which is the hydraulic pump of the other brake circuit for building, for conveying and starting against a higher brake pressure additionally available.
- a separating valve through which a brake circuit is connected to the master cylinder, closed and the brake circuit thereby separated hydraulically from the master cylinder.
- Brake pressure is regulated depending on the master cylinder pressure. This reduces a drive power of the hydraulic pumps. A pressure build-up exclusively with the hydraulic pumps or partly with the hydraulic pumps and partly with the master cylinder in brake control intervention to stabilize a vehicle, for example, to counteract a spin.
- the subject of claims 9 et seq. are methods for testing the function of the vehicle brake system. The methods can be carried out independently.
- Decoupled means that the brake circuit II is close its isolation valve hydraulically separated from the master cylinder, coupled means an open isolation valve.
- the brake circuit II has the wheel brakes with the smaller brake fluid volume intake, which are normally arranged on the rear axle, and the hydraulic pump with the smaller flow rate.
- FIGURE shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of a vehicle brake system according to the invention.
- the slip-controlled hydraulic dual-circuit vehicle brake system 1 has a dual-circuit master cylinder 2 to which two brake circuits I, II are connected via isolation valves 3.
- the isolation valves 3 are in their currentless open position open 2/2-way solenoid valves, in the illustrated and described embodiment of the invention, the isolation valve 3 of a brake circuit I is a proportional valve, which is connected in parallel in the direction of wheel brakes 5 check valve 6 whereas the separating valve 3 of the other brake circuit II is a switching valve without a check valve arranged in parallel.
- the brake circuit I can not be separated from the master cylinder 2 but is also connected to the master cylinder 2 by the parallel check valve 6 is connected to the master cylinder 2, while the brake circuit II is hydraulically separated by closing the isolation valve 3 from the master cylinder 2.
- a master cylinder pressure sensor 7 is connected to the master cylinder 2.
- the wheel brakes 5 are connected via inlet valves 4 to the isolation valves 3.
- the inlet valves 4 are open 2/2 proportional solenoid valves in their de-energized normal position.
- About exhaust valves 8 suction sides of hydraulic pumps 9 are connected to the wheel brakes 5.
- the exhaust valves 8 are closed in their normally closed normal position 2/2-way solenoid valves.
- each wheel brake 5 is assigned an intake valve 4 and an exhaust valve 8.
- the vehicle brake system 1 is provided for an II brake circuit distribution, ie, wheel brakes 5 assigned to the front vehicle wheels are assigned to the other brake circuit II to the wheel brakes 5 assigned to a brake circuit I and rear vehicle wheels.
- the connected to the brake circuit I the front vehicle wheels associated with wheel brakes 5 have brake piston larger diameters and / or more brake piston than the wheel brakes 5, the rear vehicle wheels assigned and connected to the brake circuit II.
- the wheel brakes 5 which are connected to the brake circuit I and which are assigned to the front vehicle wheels therefore generate a greater braking force than the wheel brakes 5 associated with the rear vehicle wheels with the same wheel brake pressure at the same wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes 5.
- the wheel brakes 5 assigned to the front vehicle wheels and connected to the brake circuit I require a larger volume of brake fluid than the wheel brakes 5 assigned to the rear vehicle wheels to build up the same wheel brake pressure to build up a specific wheel brake pressure.
- a hydraulic accumulator 10 is arranged on the suction side of the hydraulic pump 9, in the brake fluid, which flows in a lowering of wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 by opening the exhaust valves 8 in a slip control, is cached.
- Pressure sides of the two hydraulic pumps 9 are connected between the separating valves 3 and the inlet valves 4. Both hydraulic pumps 9 are driven together with an electric motor 1 1.
- the two hydraulic pumps 9 have different flow rates, the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels, which require a larger brake fluid volume to build a specific Radbremstiks than the wheel brakes 5 of the rear wheels, has a larger flow rate.
- Illustrated by way of illustration is the larger flow rate of the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I by a larger pump symbol.
- the reason for this is that when a vehicle is braking, the front vehicle wheel (s) are more heavily loaded and the rear vehicle wheel or wheels are relieved. For a short braking distance, therefore, the wheel brakes 5 of the front vehicle wheels must be braked stronger, which is achieved by the larger diameter and / or more brake piston of the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels.
- larger volume of brake fluid to build up a particular wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels is achieved by the larger flow rate of the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the front vehicle wheels.
- the delivery rates of the hydraulic pumps 9 are selected so that the wheel brakes 5 of the front and rear wheels build about the same wheel brake pressure about the same or reach about the same time target pressures, the target pressures, for example, wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 at a blocking limit of the vehicle wheels.
- the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the front vehicle wheels is connected via an intake valve 12 to the master cylinder 2.
- the intake valve 12 is a 2/2-way solenoid valve closed in its currentless basic position.
- the suction side of the hydraulic pump 9 is connected directly to a pressureless brake fluid reservoir 13 and the pressure side except between the isolation valve 3 and the intake valves 4 via a brake pressure control valve 14 to the brake fluid reservoir 13.
- the brake pressure control valve 14 is a closed in its normally closed normal position 2/2-proportional solenoid valve.
- a brake pressure can also be generated in the brake circuit II by partially or completely closing the pressure control valve 14 with the hydraulic pump 9.
- the partial decoupling takes place in braking control intervention for the stabilization of a vehicle, so for example to avoid a spin, or to an autonomous, d. H. driver-independent braking.
- the brake circuit I is in this case a
- a back pressure, ie a pressure on the pressure side of the hydraulic pumps 9 is particularly high in a slip control at low friction and very high pressure in the master cylinder 2 by very strong pedaling a Driver.
- the brake pressure control valve 14 relieves the brake pressure control valve 14, the electric motor 1 1 to drive the hydraulic pumps 9, because the hydraulic pump 9 does not start in the brake circuit II against the pressure of the master cylinder 2 and must promote.
- the solenoid valves 3, 4, 8, 12, 14, the hydraulic accumulator 10 and the hydraulic pumps 9 form a slip control 15 of the vehicle brake system 1, with the slip control as anti-lock, traction and vehicle dynamics controls are possible for the abbreviations ABS, ASR, ESP and FDR are in use.
- an electronic brake force distribution, the function of an electronic brake assistant and an automatic braking are with the
- Slip control possible, under slip control and fully or partially active braking all or individual vehicle wheels, for example, regardless of a brake operation by a driver or to stabilize a vehicle to be understood, even if there is no wheel slip ..
- a regulation of the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 takes place as a function of the master brake cylinder pressure.
- the vehicle brake system 1 has a wheel pressure sensor 16, which is connected to a wheel brake 5. It may also be another wheel pressure sensor on a wheel brake 5 of the other brake circuit II or wheel pressure sensors on several or all wheel brakes 5 may be provided (not shown).
- the determination of the target value for the wheel brake pressures may be based on the measurement of the wheel brake pressure with the wheel pressure sensor 16 in addition to the master cylinder pressure measured with the master cylinder pressure sensor 7.
- pressures in the brake circuits I, II are compared with each other and it is detected an error when the pressure in the brake circuit II of the rear vehicle wheels by a predetermined value below the pressure of the brake circuit I for the front Vehicle wheels is located. In this case, a warning is issued to a driver and possibly exposed to a part of or even all slip regulations.
- an error is detected when a wheel brake pressure in a wheel brake 5 of a front vehicle wheel is lower than a wheel brake pressure in a wheel brake 5 of a rear vehicle wheel.
- a fault is also detected when a brake pressure in the brake circuit II of the rear vehicle wheels or in an associated wheel brake 5 deviates at least during a predetermined period of time by a predetermined value from the target value due to the master cylinder pressure with closed isolation valve 3.
- a defect of a hydraulic pump 9 or one of the solenoid valves is assumed. Again, there is a warning to a driver and a shutdown of individual or all slip regulations.
- the pressure in the brake circuit II or a wheel brake 5 connected to it is measured when the isolation valve in the brake circuit II and at a constant target pressure in the brake circuit II. If this pressure drops, a leak can be assumed and a warning is issued to the vehicle driver. A failure of one of the brake circuit I during partially active Reglereingriffem with closed isolation valve 3 in the brake circuit II is detected by a comparison of Radschlüpfen front and rear vehicle wheels.
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- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
SCHLUPFGEREGELTE HYDRAULISCHE ZWEIKREIS-FAHRZEUGBREMSANLAGE UND SLIP-CONTROLLED HYDRAULIC TWO-WHEEL VEHICLE BRAKING SYSTEM AND
BETRIEBSVERFAHREN DAFÜR OPERATING PROCEDURE THEREFOR
Beschreibung Die Erfindung betrifft eine hydraulische Zweikreis-Fahrzeugbremsanlage mit einer Schlupfregelung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb der Fahrzeugbremsanlage mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 6. Schlupfregelungen sind bekannt insbesondere als Bremsblockierschutz-, Antriebsschlupf- und Fahrdynamikregelungen, wobei für letztere auch die Bezeichnungen elektronisches Stabilitätsprogramm oder umgangssprachlich Schleuderschutzregelung gebräuchlich sind. Übliche Abkürzungen sind ABS, ASR, ESP und FDR. Des Weiteren sind mit einer schlupfgeregelten Fahrzeugbremsanlage eine elektronische Bremskraftverteilung, ein sog. elektronischer Bremsassistent und eine automatische Bremsung möglich. The invention relates to a hydraulic two-circuit vehicle brake system with a slip control with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating the vehicle brake system having the features of the preamble of claim 6. Slip control are known in particular as Bremsblockierschutz-, traction and vehicle dynamics regulations, said for the latter also the terms electronic stability program or colloquially anti-skid control are in use. Common abbreviations are ABS, ASR, ESP and FDR. Furthermore, an electronic brake force distribution, a so-called electronic brake assist and an automatic braking are possible with a slip-controlled vehicle brake system.
Stand der Technik Die Offenlegungsschrift DE 195 01 760 A1 offenbart eine hydraulische Zweikreis-PRIOR ART Publication DE 195 01 760 A1 discloses a hydraulic two-circuit
Fahrzeugbremsanlage mit einer Schlupfregelung für einen Kraftwagen. Die bekannte Fahrzeugbremsanlage weist einen Zweikreis-Hauptbremszylinder auf, an den über je ein Trennventil zwei Bremskreise angeschlossen sind. Zweikreis- Hauptbremszylinder werden auch als Tandem-Hauptbremszylinder bezeichnet. Die bekannte Fahrzeugbremsanlage weist in jedem Bremskreis zwei Radbremsen auf, die über je ein Einlassventil an das Trennventil des jeweiligen Bremskreises angeschlossen sind. Jeder Radbremse ist ein Auslassventil zugeordnet, über das die Radbremse an einen Hydrospeicher und an eine Saugseite einer Hydropumpe angeschlossen ist. Der Hydrospeicher dient zur Auf- nähme und Zwischenspeicherung von Bremsflüssigkeit, die bei einer Schlupfregelung zu einer Absenkung der Radbremsdrücke in den Radbremsen durch Öffnen der Auslassventile aus den Radbremsen ausströmt. Eine Druckseite der Hydropumpen ist zwischen den Trennventilen und den Einlassventilen angeschlossen. Über Ansaugventile sind die Saugseiten der Hydropumpen an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen. Mit den Hydropumpen wird bei einer Schlupfregelung Bremsflüssigkeit aus dem Hydrospeicher nach einerVehicle brake system with a slip control for a motor vehicle. The known vehicle brake system has a dual-circuit master cylinder to which two brake circuits are connected via a respective isolation valve. Dual-circuit master cylinders are also referred to as tandem master cylinder. The known vehicle brake system has two wheel brakes in each brake circuit, which are each connected via an inlet valve to the isolation valve of the respective brake circuit. Each wheel brake is assigned an outlet valve, via which the wheel brake is connected to a hydraulic accumulator and to a suction side of a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic accumulator serves to hold and temporarily store brake fluid which, in the case of slip control, reduces the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes Opening the exhaust valves flows out of the wheel brakes. A pressure side of the hydraulic pumps is connected between the isolation valves and the inlet valves. By suction valves, the suction sides of the hydraulic pumps are connected to the master cylinder. With the hydraulic pumps brake fluid from the hydraulic accumulator is in a slip control after a
Druckabsenkung in den Radbremsen zu einer Erhöhung der Radbremsdrücke durch die Einlassventile wieder in die Radbremsen oder durch die Trennventile zurück in den Hauptbremszylinder gefördert. Aufgrund letzterer Funktion werden derartige Hydropumpen in schlupfgeregelten hydraulischen Fahrzeugbremsanlagen auch als Rückförderpumpen bezeichnet. Mit den Einlassventilen und den Auslassventilen ist eine radindividuelle Radbremsdruckregelung und damit Radbremskraftregelung möglich. Schlupfregelungen sind dem Fachmann grundsätzlich bekannt und sollen hier nicht weiter erläutert werden. Durch Öffnen der Ansaugventile kann mit den Hydropumpen ein Brems- druck auch bei nicht betätigtem Hauptbremszylinder aufgebaut werden, beispielsweise für eine Antriebsschlupfregelung, eine Fahrdynamikregelung oder eine automatische Bremsung. Die Hydropumpen beider Bremskreise werden von einem Elektromotor gemeinsam angetrieben und weisen damit stets gleiche Fördermengen auf. Pressure reduction in the wheel brakes to increase the wheel brake pressures through the intake valves back into the wheel brakes or through the isolation valves back into the master cylinder promoted. Due to the latter function, such hydraulic pumps in slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake systems are also referred to as return pumps. With the intake valves and the exhaust valves a wheel-specific Radbremsdruckregelung and thus wheel braking force control is possible. Slip rules are generally known to the person skilled in the art and will not be explained further here. By opening the intake valves, a brake pressure can be built up with the hydraulic pumps even when the master brake cylinder is not actuated, for example for traction control, vehicle dynamics control or automatic braking. The hydraulic pumps of both brake circuits are driven together by an electric motor and thus always have the same flow rates.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße hydraulische schlupfgeregelte Zweikreis-Fahrzeugbrems- anläge ist für eine Il-Bremskreisaufteilung vorgesehen, bei der Vorderrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen an einen Bremskreis und Hinterrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen an einen anderen Bremskreis angeschlossen sind. Allerdings ist die Erfindung nicht auf diese Bremskreisaufteilung beschränkt. „Zweikreis" ist im Sinn von mindestens zwei Bremskreisen zu verstehen. Durch eine Bremsung werden Vorderräder eines Fahrzeugs stärker belastet und müssen zur Erzielung eines kurzen Bremswegs stärker gebremst werden. Hinterräder werden durch eine Bremsung entlastet und müssen u. U. zum Vermeiden eines Blockierens schwächer gebremst werden. Die Belastung der Vorderräder und Entlastung der Hinterräder steigt mit einer Verzögerung des Fahrzeugs, d. h. mit einer Stärke einer Bremsung. Durch einen Einbau eines Motors, meist auch eines Getriebes, vorn in vielen Personenkraftwagen sind bereits bei ungebremstem Fahrzeug die Vorderräder stärker belastet als die Hinterräder. Zusätzlich verstärkt wird die Belastung der Vorderräder und Entlastung der Hinterräder durch einen Vorderradantrieb. Die stärkere Belastung der Vorderräder hat zur Folge, dass den Vorderrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen stärker als den Hinterrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen bremsen müssen, um einen kurzen Bremsweg zu erzielen. Deshalb sind die Radbremsen der Vorderräder insbesondere bezüglich der Kolbendurchmesser größer ausgelegt um mit einem bestimmten Druck eine höhere Bremswirkung zu erzielen. Als Konsequenz muss im Vergleich zu den Radbremsen der Hinterräder ein deutlich höheres Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen in die Radbremsen der Vorderräder verschoben werden um denselben Druck aufzubauen wie in den Radbremsen der Hinterräder. Deswegen sieht die Erfindung Hydropumpen mit verschiedenen Fördermengen in den beiden Bremskreisen der Fahrzeugbremsanlage vor. Im Fall von Kolbenpumpen sind verschiedene Fördermengen durch eine verschiedene Anzahl an Pumpenelementen, verschiedene Kolbenhübe und/oder verschiedeneThe inventive hydraulic slip-controlled two-circuit Fahrzeugbrems- anläge is provided for a Il-Bremskreisaufteilung, in the front wheels associated wheel brakes to a brake circuit and rear wheels associated with wheel brakes are connected to another brake circuit. However, the invention is not limited to this brake circuit distribution. "Two-circuit" is understood to mean at least two brake circuits, braking the front wheels of a vehicle are more heavily loaded and must be braked more to achieve a short braking distance.The rear wheels are relieved by a braking and may need to avoid blocking to be weaker The load on the front wheels and relieving the rear wheels increases with a deceleration of the vehicle, ie with a strength of braking.The installation of an engine, usually also a gearbox, in front of many passenger cars are already at unbraked vehicle the Front wheels more heavily loaded than the rear wheels. In addition, the load on the front wheels and relieving the rear wheels is reinforced by a front-wheel drive. The result of the increased load on the front wheels is that the wheel brakes associated with the front wheels have to brake more strongly than the wheel brakes assigned to the rear wheels in order to achieve a short braking distance. Therefore, the wheel brakes of the front wheels are designed to be larger, in particular with respect to the piston diameter to achieve a higher braking effect with a certain pressure. As a consequence, in comparison to the wheel brakes of the rear wheels, a significantly higher volume of brake fluid must be displaced into the wheel brakes of the front wheels to build up the same pressure as in the wheel brakes of the rear wheels. Therefore, the invention provides hydraulic pumps with different flow rates in the two brake circuits of the vehicle brake system. In the case of piston pumps, different delivery rates are due to a different number of pump elements, different piston strokes and / or different
Kolbendurchmesser möglich. Die Aufzählung ist beispielhaft und nicht abschließend, die Erfindung ist auch mit anderen Hydropumpen als Kolbenpumpen, beispielsweise Zahnradpumpen, möglich. Mit verschiedenen Antrieben der Hydropumpen und/oder einem Getriebe oder Verteilergetriebe für unter- schiedliche Pumpendrehzahlen sind ebenfalls verschiedene Fördermengen derPiston diameter possible. The list is exemplary and not exhaustive, the invention is also possible with other hydraulic pumps as piston pumps, such as gear pumps. With different drives of the hydraulic pumps and / or a transmission or transfer case for different pump speeds are also different flow rates of
Hydropumpen möglich. Hydraulic pumps possible.
Die Unteransprüche haben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung zum Gegenstand. The dependent claims have advantageous refinements and developments of the invention specified in claim 1 to the subject.
Anspruch 2 sieht einen gemeinsamen Antrieb der Hydropumpen vor, womit auch eine gleiche Drehzahl gemeint ist, wie es in schlupfgeregelten hydraulischen Fahrzeugbremsanlagen üblich ist. Die verschiedenen Fördermengen der Hydropumpen in den verschiedenen Bremskreisen gemäß der Erfindung werden insbesondere durch eine konstruktive Auslegung der Hydropumpen, also beispielsweise verschiedene Kolbendurchmesser, erreicht. Claim 2 provides a common drive of the hydraulic pumps, which also means a same speed, as is customary in slip-controlled hydraulic vehicle brake systems. The various delivery rates of the hydraulic pumps in the various brake circuits according to the invention are achieved in particular by a structural design of the hydraulic pumps, that is, for example, different piston diameters.
Wie bereits ausgeführt, ist die erfindungsgemäße Fahrzeugbremsanlage für eine Il-Bremskreisaufteilung vorgesehen und Vorderrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen sind einer Hydropumpe mit einer größeren Fördermenge zugeordnet (Anspruch Eine stärkere Bremsung einzelner Radbremsen, beispielsweise Vorderrädern zugeordneter Radbremsen, erfordert bei gleichem Radbremsdruck in den Radbremsen an den Vorderrädern Radbremsen, die bei demselben Radbremsdruck eine größere Radbremskraft erzeugen als Radbremsen derAs already stated, the vehicle brake system according to the invention is provided for an II brake circuit distribution and front wheel-associated wheel brakes are assigned to a hydraulic pump with a larger delivery rate (claim A stronger braking of individual wheel brakes, for example, front wheel associated with wheel brakes, requires at the same wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes on the front wheels, which generate a larger wheel braking at the same wheel brake than wheel brakes
Hinterräder. Das ist Gegenstand des Anspruchs 5. Eine größere Radbremskraft bei gleichem Radbremsdruck ist beispielsweise möglich durch durchmessergrößere oder mehr Bremskolben einer Radbremse. Solche Radbremsen, die durch eine größere Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumenaufnahme bei gleichem Radbremsdruck eine größere Bremskraft erzeugen benötigen ein größeres Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen zum Aufbau eines bestimmten Radbremsdrucks (Anspruch 4). Die Erfindung bewirkt das größere Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen der Radbremsen mit der größeren Bremsflüssigkeitsaufnahme, die normalerweise den Vorderrädern zugeordnet sind, d. h. eine größere Fördermenge von Bremsflüssigkeit in die Radbremsen mit der größeren Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumenaufnahme durch die verschiedenen Fördermengen der Hydropumpen. Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass Zieldrücke in den Radbremsen schneller erreicht werden, wenn die Zieldrücke in den Radbremsen der beiden Bremskreise verschieden sind. Zieldrücke sind beispielsweise Bremsdrücke in den Radbremsen an Blockiergrenzen zugeordneter Fahrzeugräder. Ein zusätzlicher Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass ein Bremsdruckaufbau in Radbremsen, in denen ein höherer Bremsdruck erreicht werden soll, weniger dadurch gebremst wird, dass in Radbremsen, in denen ein niedrigerer Bremsdruck aufgebaut werden soll, der Zieldruck bereits erreicht ist. Rear wheels. This is the subject of claim 5. A larger wheel brake at the same wheel brake pressure is for example possible by larger diameter or more brake piston of a wheel brake. Such wheel brakes, which generate a larger braking force by a larger volume of brake fluid at the same wheel brake pressure require a larger volume of brake fluid to build a specific wheel brake (claim 4). The invention causes the larger volume of brake fluid of the wheel brakes with the larger brake fluid intake, which are normally associated with the front wheels, d. H. a larger flow of brake fluid in the wheel brakes with the larger brake fluid volume through the different flow rates of the hydraulic pumps. Advantage of the invention is that target pressures in the wheel brakes are achieved faster when the target pressures in the wheel brakes of the two brake circuits are different. Target pressures are, for example, brake pressures in the wheel brakes at blocking limits of assigned vehicle wheels. An additional advantage of the invention is that a brake pressure build-up in wheel brakes, in which a higher brake pressure is to be achieved, is less slowed down by the fact that in wheel brakes, in which a lower brake pressure is to be built up, the target pressure has already been reached.
Gemäß Anspruch 6 werden die Fördermengen der Hydropumpen so gewählt, dass bei einer autonomen Bremsung die Radbremsen ihre Zieldrücke gleichzeitig erreichen. Die Zieldrücke sind wie gesagt beispielsweise die Drücke an einer Blockiergrenze zugeordneter Fahrzeugräder. Die Zieldrücke sind in Radbremsen von Vorderrädern höher als in Radbremsen von Hinterrädern. Eine autonomeAccording to claim 6, the flow rates of the hydraulic pumps are chosen so that at an autonomous braking, the wheel brakes reach their target pressures simultaneously. As stated, the target pressures are, for example, the pressures at a blocking limit of assigned vehicle wheels. The target pressures are higher in wheel brakes of front wheels than in wheel brakes of rear wheels. An autonomous
Bremsung ist eine Bremsung ohne Betätigung des Hauptbremszylinders und ein Bremsdruckaufbau ausschließlich mit den Hydropumpen. Im Idealfall erreichen alle Radbremsen zeitgleich und in der Praxis nahezu zeitgleich ihre Zieldrücke und die Radbremsen erreichen ihre Zieldrücke in kürzerer Zeit als es mit Hydropumpen mit gleichen Fördermengen in beiden Bremskreisen der Fall wäre. Anspruch 7 sieht vor, dass die Fahrzeugbremsanlage einen Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter aufweist, an den die Saugseite und über ein Ventil die Druckseite einer Hydropumpe eines Bremskreis angeschlossen ist. Der Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter ist insbesondere drucklos und vorzugsweise ein vor- handener, auf den Hauptbremszylinder aufgesetzter Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter. Außerdem kann dieser Bremskreis über ein Trennventil ohne parallel geschaltetes Rückschlagventil nach Bedarf komplett vom Hauptbremszylinder entkoppelt werden. Diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ermöglicht, dass die Hydropumpe eines Bremskreises nur einen Bremsdruck bis zum Zieldruck aufbaut und anschließend nur gegen diesen Zieldruck fördert. DieBraking is a brake application without actuation of the master brake cylinder and a brake pressure build-up exclusively with the hydraulic pumps. Ideally, all wheel brakes reach their target pressures at the same time and in practice almost at the same time and the wheel brakes reach their target pressures in less time than would be the case with hydraulic pumps with the same flow rates in both brake circuits. Claim 7 provides that the vehicle brake system comprises a brake fluid reservoir to which the suction side and a valve, the pressure side of a hydraulic pump of a brake circuit is connected. The brake fluid reservoir is in particular depressurized and preferably an existing brake fluid reservoir mounted on the master brake cylinder. In addition, this brake circuit can be completely decoupled via an isolation valve without parallel-connected check valve as needed from the master cylinder. This embodiment of the invention makes it possible that the hydraulic pump of a brake circuit builds up only a brake pressure to the target pressure and then promotes only against this target pressure. The
Hydropumpe dieses Bremskreises muss nicht gegen den höheren Druck im anderen Bremskreis anlaufen oder fördern, was ihre Antriebsleistung senkt, die der Hydropumpe des anderen Bremskreis zum Aufbau, zum Fördern und zum Anlaufen gegen einen höheren Bremsdrucks zusätzlich zur Verfügung steht. Hydraulic pump this brake circuit does not have to start or promote against the higher pressure in the other brake circuit, which reduces their drive power, which is the hydraulic pump of the other brake circuit for building, for conveying and starting against a higher brake pressure additionally available.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 8 wird bei einem Druckaufbau ausschließlich mit den Hydropumpen oder teilweise mit den Hydropumpen und teilweise mit dem Hauptbremszylinder ein Trennventil, durch das ein Bremskreis an den Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen ist, geschlossen und der Bremskreis dadurch hydraulisch vom Hauptbremszylinder getrennt. EinIn the method according to claim 8, in a pressure build-up exclusively with the hydraulic pumps or partially with the hydraulic pumps and partially with the master cylinder, a separating valve, through which a brake circuit is connected to the master cylinder, closed and the brake circuit thereby separated hydraulically from the master cylinder. One
Bremsdruck wird in Abhängigkeit vom Hauptbremszylinderdruck geregelt. Dadurch verringert sich eine Antriebsleistung der Hydropumpen. Ein Druckaufbau ausschließlich mit den Hydropumpen oder teilweise mit den Hydropumpen und teilweise mit dem Hauptbremszylinder bei Bremsregeleingriffen zur Stabilisierung eines Fahrzeugs, beispielsweise um einem Schleudern entgegen zu wirken. Brake pressure is regulated depending on the master cylinder pressure. This reduces a drive power of the hydraulic pumps. A pressure build-up exclusively with the hydraulic pumps or partly with the hydraulic pumps and partly with the master cylinder in brake control intervention to stabilize a vehicle, for example, to counteract a spin.
Gegenstand der Ansprüche 9 ff. sind Verfahren zur Prüfung der Funktion der Fahrzeugbremsanlage. Die Verfahren können unabhängig ausgeführt werden. Entkoppelt bedeutet, der Bremskreis II ist schließen seines Trennventils hydraulisch vom Hauptbremszylinder getrennt, gekoppelt bedeutet ein offenes Trennventil. Der Bremskreis II weist die Radbremsen mit der kleineren Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumenaufnahme, die normalerweise an der Hinterachse angeordnet sind, und die Hydropumpe mit der kleineren Fördermenge auf. The subject of claims 9 et seq. Are methods for testing the function of the vehicle brake system. The methods can be carried out independently. Decoupled means that the brake circuit II is close its isolation valve hydraulically separated from the master cylinder, coupled means an open isolation valve. The brake circuit II has the wheel brakes with the smaller brake fluid volume intake, which are normally arranged on the rear axle, and the hydraulic pump with the smaller flow rate.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnung Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsform näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Hydraulikschaltplan einer erfindungsgemäßen Fahrzeugbremsanlage. Short description of the drawing The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. The single FIGURE shows a hydraulic circuit diagram of a vehicle brake system according to the invention.
Ausführungsform der Erfindung Embodiment of the invention
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte erfindungsgemäße schlupfgeregelte hydraulische Zweikreis-Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 weist einen Zweikreis-Hauptbremszylinder 2 auf, an den über Trennventile 3 zwei Bremskreise I, II angeschlossen sind. Die Trennventile 3 sind in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung offene 2/2-Wege-Magnetventile, wobei in der gezeichneten und beschriebenen Ausführungsform der Erfindung das Trennventil 3 des einen Bremskreises I ein Proportionalventil ist, dem ein in Richtung von Radbremsen 5 durchströmbares Rückschlagventil 6 parallel geschaltet ist, wogegen das Trennventil 3 des anderen Bremskreises II ein Schaltventil ohne parallel angeordnetes Rückschlagventil ist. Der Bremskreis I lässt sich deswegen nicht vom Hauptbremszylinder 2 trennen sondern ist auch bei geschlossenem Trennventil 3 durch das parallel geschaltete Rückschlagventil 6 an den Hauptbremszylinder 2 angeschlossen, wogegen der Bremskreis II durch Schließen des Trennventils 3 hydraulisch vom Hauptbremszylinder 2 getrennt wird. In einem Bremskreis I ist ein Hauptbremszylinderdrucksensor 7 mit dem Hauptbremszylinder 2 verbunden. Die Radbremsen 5 sind über Einlassventile 4 an die Trennventile 3 angeschlossen. Die Einlassventile 4 sind in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung offene 2/2-Proportional-Magnetventile. Über Auslassventile 8 sind Saugseiten von Hydropumpen 9 an die Radbremsen 5 angeschlossen. Die Auslassventile 8 sind in ihrer stromlosen Grundstellung geschlossene 2/2-Wege-Magnetventile. Zu einer radindividuellen Bremsdruckregelung ist jeder Radbremse 5 ein Einlassventil 4 und ein Auslassventil 8 zugeordnet. The slip-controlled hydraulic dual-circuit vehicle brake system 1 according to the invention shown in the drawing has a dual-circuit master cylinder 2 to which two brake circuits I, II are connected via isolation valves 3. The isolation valves 3 are in their currentless open position open 2/2-way solenoid valves, in the illustrated and described embodiment of the invention, the isolation valve 3 of a brake circuit I is a proportional valve, which is connected in parallel in the direction of wheel brakes 5 check valve 6 whereas the separating valve 3 of the other brake circuit II is a switching valve without a check valve arranged in parallel. Therefore, the brake circuit I can not be separated from the master cylinder 2 but is also connected to the master cylinder 2 by the parallel check valve 6 is connected to the master cylinder 2, while the brake circuit II is hydraulically separated by closing the isolation valve 3 from the master cylinder 2. In a brake circuit I, a master cylinder pressure sensor 7 is connected to the master cylinder 2. The wheel brakes 5 are connected via inlet valves 4 to the isolation valves 3. The inlet valves 4 are open 2/2 proportional solenoid valves in their de-energized normal position. About exhaust valves 8 suction sides of hydraulic pumps 9 are connected to the wheel brakes 5. The exhaust valves 8 are closed in their normally closed normal position 2/2-way solenoid valves. For a wheel-specific brake pressure control, each wheel brake 5 is assigned an intake valve 4 and an exhaust valve 8.
Die Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 ist für eine Il-Bremskreisaufteilung vorgesehen, d. h. vorderen Fahrzeugrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen 5 sind an den einen Bremskreis I und hinteren Fahrzeugrädern zugeordnete Radbremsen 5 dem anderen Bremskreis II zugeordnet. Die an den Bremskreis I angeschlossenen, den vorderen Fahrzeugrädern zugeordneten Radbremsen 5 weisen Bremskolben mit größeren Durchmessern und/oder mehr Bremskolben auf als die Radbremsen 5, die hinteren Fahrzeugrädern zugeordnet und an den Bremskreis II angeschlossen sind. Die an den Bremskreis I angeschlossenen, den vorderen Fahrzeugrädern zugeordneten Radbremsen 5 erzeugen deswegen bei gleichem Radbremsdruck in den Radbremsen 5 eine größere Bremskraft als die den hinteren Fahrzeugrädern zugeordneten Radbremsen 5 bei demselben Radbremsdruck. Allerdings benötigen die den vorderen Fahrzeugrädern zugeordneten und an den Bremskreis I angeschlossenen Radbremsen 5 zum Aufbau eines bestimmten Radbremsdrucks ein größeres Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen als die den hinteren Fahrzeugrädern zugeordneten Radbremsen 5 zum Aufbau desselben Radbremsdrucks. The vehicle brake system 1 is provided for an II brake circuit distribution, ie, wheel brakes 5 assigned to the front vehicle wheels are assigned to the other brake circuit II to the wheel brakes 5 assigned to a brake circuit I and rear vehicle wheels. The connected to the brake circuit I, the front vehicle wheels associated with wheel brakes 5 have brake piston larger diameters and / or more brake piston than the wheel brakes 5, the rear vehicle wheels assigned and connected to the brake circuit II. The wheel brakes 5 which are connected to the brake circuit I and which are assigned to the front vehicle wheels therefore generate a greater braking force than the wheel brakes 5 associated with the rear vehicle wheels with the same wheel brake pressure at the same wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes 5. However, the wheel brakes 5 assigned to the front vehicle wheels and connected to the brake circuit I require a larger volume of brake fluid than the wheel brakes 5 assigned to the rear vehicle wheels to build up the same wheel brake pressure to build up a specific wheel brake pressure.
Im Bremskreis I für die vorderen Fahrzeugräder ist ein Hydrospeicher 10 auf der Saugseite der Hydropumpe 9 angeordnet, in dem Bremsflüssigkeit, die bei einem Absenken von Radbremsdrücken in den Radbremsen 5 durch Öffnen der Auslassventile 8 bei einer Schlupfregelung ausströmt, zwischenspeichert wird. Druckseiten der beiden Hydropumpen 9 sind zwischen den Trennventilen 3 und den Einlassventilen 4 angeschlossen. Beide Hydropumpen 9 werden gemeinsam mit einem Elektromotor 1 1 angetrieben. Die beiden Hydropumpen 9 weisen verschiedene Fördermengen auf, die Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis I für die Radbremsen 5 der Vorderräder, die zum Aufbau eines bestimmten Radbremsdrucks ein größeres Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen benötigen als die Radbremsen 5 der Hinterräder, weist eine größere Fördermenge auf. Zeichnerisch dargestellt ist die größere Fördermenge der Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis I durch ein größeres Pumpensymbol. Der Grund dafür ist, dass bei einer Bremsung eines Fahrzeugs das oder die vorderen Fahrzeugräder stärker belastet und das oder die hinteren Fahrzeugräder entlastet werden. Für einen kurzen Bremsweg müssen deswegen die Radbremsen 5 der vorderen Fahrzeugräder stärker gebremst werden, was durch die durchmessergrößeren und/oder mehrere Bremskolben der Radbremsen 5 der Vorderräder erreicht wird. Das infolgedessen größere Bremsflüssigkeitsvolumen zum Aufbau eines bestimmten Radbremsdrucks in den Radbremsen 5 der Vorderräder wird durch die größere Fördermenge der Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis I für die vorderen Fahrzeugräder erreicht. Die Fördermengen der Hydropumpen 9 sind so gewählt, dass die Radbremsen 5 der Vorder- und der Hinterräder etwa gleich schnell denselben Radbremsdruck aufbauen oder etwa gleichzeitig Zieldrücke erreichen, wobei die Zieldrücke beispielsweise Radbremsdrücke in den Radbremsen 5 an einer Blockiergrenze der Fahrzeugräder sind. In the brake circuit I for the front vehicle wheels, a hydraulic accumulator 10 is arranged on the suction side of the hydraulic pump 9, in the brake fluid, which flows in a lowering of wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 by opening the exhaust valves 8 in a slip control, is cached. Pressure sides of the two hydraulic pumps 9 are connected between the separating valves 3 and the inlet valves 4. Both hydraulic pumps 9 are driven together with an electric motor 1 1. The two hydraulic pumps 9 have different flow rates, the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels, which require a larger brake fluid volume to build a specific Radbremsdrucks than the wheel brakes 5 of the rear wheels, has a larger flow rate. Illustrated by way of illustration is the larger flow rate of the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I by a larger pump symbol. The reason for this is that when a vehicle is braking, the front vehicle wheel (s) are more heavily loaded and the rear vehicle wheel or wheels are relieved. For a short braking distance, therefore, the wheel brakes 5 of the front vehicle wheels must be braked stronger, which is achieved by the larger diameter and / or more brake piston of the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels. As a result, larger volume of brake fluid to build up a particular wheel brake pressure in the wheel brakes 5 of the front wheels is achieved by the larger flow rate of the hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the front vehicle wheels. The delivery rates of the hydraulic pumps 9 are selected so that the wheel brakes 5 of the front and rear wheels build about the same wheel brake pressure about the same or reach about the same time target pressures, the target pressures, for example, wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 at a blocking limit of the vehicle wheels.
Die Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis I für die vorderen Fahrzeugräder ist über ein Ansaugventil 12 an den Hauptbremszylinder 2 angeschlossen. Das Ansaugventil 12 ist ein in seiner stromlosen Grundstellung geschlossenes 2/2-Wege-Magnet- ventil. The hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit I for the front vehicle wheels is connected via an intake valve 12 to the master cylinder 2. The intake valve 12 is a 2/2-way solenoid valve closed in its currentless basic position.
Im Bremskreis II für die hinteren Fahrzeugräder ist die Saugseite der Hydropumpe 9 unmittelbar an einen drucklosen Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 13 und die Druckseite außer zwischen dem Trennventil 3 und den Einlassventilen 4 über ein Bremsdruckregelventil 14 an den Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 13 angeschlossen. Das Bremsdruckregelventil 14 ist ein in seiner stromlosen Grundstellung geschlossenes 2/2-Proportional-Magnetventil. Zusammen mit dem Trennventil 3 ermöglicht das Bremsdruckregelventil 14 eine situationsabhängige Teilentkopplung der Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1. Durch Schließen des Trennventils 3 lässt sich der Bremskreis II hydraulisch vom Hauptbremszylinder 2 trennen und durch Öffnen des Bremsdruckregelventils 14 die Druckseite der Hydropumpe 9 mit dem drucklosen Bremsflüssigkeitsvorratsbehälter 13 bzw. mit ihrer Saugseite verbinden, d. h. drucklos schalten. Die Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis II läuft sozusagen leer bzw. fördert im Kreis und benötigt nahezu keine Antriebsleistung. Allerdings lässt sich bei geschlossenem Trennventil 3 durch teilweises oder vollständiges Schließen des Druckregelventils 14 mit der Hydropumpe 9 auch im Bremskreis II ein Bremsdruck erzeugen. Die Teilentkopplung erfolgt bei Bremsregeleingriffen zur Stabilisierung eines Fahrzeugs, also beispielsweise zum Vermeiden eines Schleuderns, oder zu einer autonomen, d. h. fahrerunabhängigen Bremsung. Im Bremskreis I wird in diesem Fall einIn the brake circuit II for the rear vehicle wheels, the suction side of the hydraulic pump 9 is connected directly to a pressureless brake fluid reservoir 13 and the pressure side except between the isolation valve 3 and the intake valves 4 via a brake pressure control valve 14 to the brake fluid reservoir 13. The brake pressure control valve 14 is a closed in its normally closed normal position 2/2-proportional solenoid valve. By closing the isolation valve 3, the brake circuit II can be hydraulically separated from the master cylinder 2 and by opening the brake pressure control valve 14, the pressure side of the hydraulic pump 9 with the unpressurized brake fluid reservoir 13 and with connect their suction side, d. H. depressurize. The hydraulic pump 9 in the brake circuit II runs empty or promotes in a circle and requires almost no drive power. However, when the isolation valve 3 is closed, a brake pressure can also be generated in the brake circuit II by partially or completely closing the pressure control valve 14 with the hydraulic pump 9. The partial decoupling takes place in braking control intervention for the stabilization of a vehicle, so for example to avoid a spin, or to an autonomous, d. H. driver-independent braking. In the brake circuit I is in this case a
Bremsdruck ausschließlich mit der Hydropumpe 9 oder teilweise mit der Hydropumpe 9 und teilweise mit dem Hauptbremszylinder 2 erzeugt. Brake pressure exclusively with the hydraulic pump 9 or partially with the hydraulic pump 9 and partially generated with the master cylinder 2.
Ein Gegendruck, d. h. ein Druck auf der Druckseite der Hydropumpen 9 ist besonders hoch bei einer Schlupfregelung bei niedrigem Reibwert und sehr hohem Druck im Hauptbremszylinder 2 durch sehr starke Pedalbetätigung eines Fahrers. Hier entlastet das Bremsdruckregelventil 14 den Elektromotor 1 1 zum Antrieb der Hydropumpen 9, weil die Hydropumpe 9 im Bremskreis II nicht gegen den Druck des Hauptbremszylinders 2 anlaufen und fördern muss. Die Magnetventile 3, 4, 8, 12, 14, der Hydrospeicher 10 und die Hydropumpen 9 bilden eine Schlupfregelung 15 der Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 , mit der Schlupfregelungen wie Blockierschutz-, Antriebsschlupf- und Fahrdynamikregelungen möglich sind, für die die Abkürzungen ABS, ASR, ESP und FDR gebräuchlich sind. Auch eine elektronische Bremskraftverteilung, die Funktion eines elektronischen Bremsassistenten und eine automatische Bremsung sind mit derA back pressure, ie a pressure on the pressure side of the hydraulic pumps 9 is particularly high in a slip control at low friction and very high pressure in the master cylinder 2 by very strong pedaling a Driver. Here relieves the brake pressure control valve 14, the electric motor 1 1 to drive the hydraulic pumps 9, because the hydraulic pump 9 does not start in the brake circuit II against the pressure of the master cylinder 2 and must promote. The solenoid valves 3, 4, 8, 12, 14, the hydraulic accumulator 10 and the hydraulic pumps 9 form a slip control 15 of the vehicle brake system 1, with the slip control as anti-lock, traction and vehicle dynamics controls are possible for the abbreviations ABS, ASR, ESP and FDR are in use. Also an electronic brake force distribution, the function of an electronic brake assistant and an automatic braking are with the
Schlupfregelung möglich, wobei unter Schlupfregelung auch voll- oder teilaktive Bremsungen aller oder einzelner Fahrzeugräder beispielsweise unabhängig von einer Bremsbetätigung durch einen Fahrer oder zur Stabilisierung eines Fahrzeugs verstanden werden sollen, selbst wenn kein Radschlupf besteht.. Solche Schlupfregelungen, Fahrdynamikregelungen, fahrerunabhängigeSlip control possible, under slip control and fully or partially active braking all or individual vehicle wheels, for example, regardless of a brake operation by a driver or to stabilize a vehicle to be understood, even if there is no wheel slip .. Such slip regulations, vehicle dynamics controls, driver independent
Bremsungen usw. sind dem Fachmann bekannt und werden hier nicht näher erläutert. Braking, etc. are known in the art and are not discussed here.
Eine Regelung der Radbremsdrücke in den Radbremsen 5 erfolgt in Abhängigkeit vom Hauptbremszylinderdruck. A regulation of the wheel brake pressures in the wheel brakes 5 takes place as a function of the master brake cylinder pressure.
Die Fahrzeugbremsanlage 1 weist einen Raddrucksensor 16 auf, der an eine Radbremse 5 angeschlossen ist. Es kann auch ein weiterer Raddrucksensor an einer Radbremse 5 des anderen Bremskreises II oder Raddrucksensoren an mehreren oder allen Radbremsen 5 vorgesehen sein (nicht dargestellt). Die Ermittlung des Soll-Werts für die Radbremsdrücke kann zusätzlich zum Hauptbremszylinderdruck, der mit dem Hauptbremszylinderdrucksensor 7 gemessen wird, auf die Messung des Radbremsdrucks mit dem Raddrucksensor 16 gestützt werden. The vehicle brake system 1 has a wheel pressure sensor 16, which is connected to a wheel brake 5. It may also be another wheel pressure sensor on a wheel brake 5 of the other brake circuit II or wheel pressure sensors on several or all wheel brakes 5 may be provided (not shown). The determination of the target value for the wheel brake pressures may be based on the measurement of the wheel brake pressure with the wheel pressure sensor 16 in addition to the master cylinder pressure measured with the master cylinder pressure sensor 7.
Zur Erkennung eines fehlerhaft geschlossenen Trennventils 3 werden gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bei offenem Trennventil 3 im Bremskreis II Drücke in den Bremskreisen I, II miteinander verglichen und es wird ein Fehler erkannt, wenn der Druck im Bremskreis II der hinteren Fahrzeugräder um einen vorgegebenen Wert unter dem Druck des Bremskreises I für die vorderen Fahrzeugräder liegt. In diesem Fall wird eine Warnung an einen Fahrzeugführer ausgegeben und ggf. ein Teil der oder sogar alle Schlupfregelungen ausgesetzt. To detect a faulty shut-off valve 3 pressures in the brake circuits I, II are compared with each other and it is detected an error when the pressure in the brake circuit II of the rear vehicle wheels by a predetermined value below the pressure of the brake circuit I for the front Vehicle wheels is located. In this case, a warning is issued to a driver and possibly exposed to a part of or even all slip regulations.
Ebenfalls wird ein Fehler erkannt, wenn ein Radbremsdruck in einer Radbremse 5 eines vorderen Fahrzeugrads niedriger als ein Radbremsdruck in einer Radbremse 5 eines hinteren Fahrzeugrads ist. Also, an error is detected when a wheel brake pressure in a wheel brake 5 of a front vehicle wheel is lower than a wheel brake pressure in a wheel brake 5 of a rear vehicle wheel.
Ebenfalls wird ein Fehler erkannt, wenn bei geschlossenem Trennventil 3 im Bremskreis II ein Bremsdruck im Bremskreis II der hinteren Fahrzeugräder oder in einer zugeordneten Radbremse 5 mindestens während einer vorgegebenen Zeitdauer um einen vorgegebenen Wert vom Soll-Wert aufgrund des Hauptbremszylinderdrucks abweicht. In diesem Fall ist ein Defekt einer Hydropumpe 9 oder auch eines der Magnetventile anzunehmen. Auch hier erfolgt eine Warnung an einen Fahrzeugführer und eine Abschaltung einzelner oder auch aller Schlupfregelungen. A fault is also detected when a brake pressure in the brake circuit II of the rear vehicle wheels or in an associated wheel brake 5 deviates at least during a predetermined period of time by a predetermined value from the target value due to the master cylinder pressure with closed isolation valve 3. In this case, a defect of a hydraulic pump 9 or one of the solenoid valves is assumed. Again, there is a warning to a driver and a shutdown of individual or all slip regulations.
Zur Erkennung einer Leckage im Bremskreis II der hinteren Fahrzeugräder wird bei geschlossenem Trennventil im Bremskreis II und bei konstantem Zieldruck im Bremskreis II der Druck im Bremskreis II oder einer an ihn angeschlossenen Radbremse 5 gemessen. Sinkt dieser Druck, ist von einer Leckage auszugehen und es erfolgt eine Warnung an den Fahrzeugführer. Ein Ausfall eines des Bremskreises I während teilaktiven Reglereingriffem bei geschlossenem Trennventil 3 im Bremskreis II wird durch einen Vergleich von Radschlüpfen an vorderen und hinteren Fahrzeugrädern erkannt. To detect a leakage in the brake circuit II of the rear vehicle wheels, the pressure in the brake circuit II or a wheel brake 5 connected to it is measured when the isolation valve in the brake circuit II and at a constant target pressure in the brake circuit II. If this pressure drops, a leak can be assumed and a warning is issued to the vehicle driver. A failure of one of the brake circuit I during partially active Reglereingriffem with closed isolation valve 3 in the brake circuit II is detected by a comparison of Radschlüpfen front and rear vehicle wheels.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102014216815.5 | 2014-08-25 | ||
| DE102014216815.5A DE102014216815A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2014-08-25 | Hydraulic slip-controlled two-circuit vehicle brake system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2016030057A1 true WO2016030057A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/EP2015/065058 Ceased WO2016030057A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2015-07-02 | Slip-controlled hydraulic dual-circuit vehicle brake system and operating method therefor |
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| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102014216815A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016030057A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112977384A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Brake system, vehicle and control method of vehicle-mounted entertainment mode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102017200752A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-08-31 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Method for operating a brake system for motor vehicles and brake system |
| DE102018130678A1 (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-04 | Wabco Gmbh | Electro-hydraulic brake system of an off-highway vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6025833A (en) * | 1983-07-20 | 1985-02-08 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Antilock device of wheel |
| EP0157309A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brake system monitoring method |
| WO1998042552A1 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-01 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Electro-hydraulic unit for regulating pressure in brake installations for motor vehicles |
| US20080048492A1 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-28 | Advics Co., Ltd. | Actuator for controlling brake fluid pressure |
| WO2010102844A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Braking system, method for operating a braking system and production method for a braking system |
| WO2014106548A1 (en) * | 2013-01-03 | 2014-07-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brake system and method for dimensioning a brake system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19501760B4 (en) | 1995-01-21 | 2005-11-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for controlling an ABS / ASR system |
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2014
- 2014-08-25 DE DE102014216815.5A patent/DE102014216815A1/en active Pending
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2015
- 2015-07-02 WO PCT/EP2015/065058 patent/WO2016030057A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6025833A (en) * | 1983-07-20 | 1985-02-08 | Akebono Brake Ind Co Ltd | Antilock device of wheel |
| EP0157309A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-10-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brake system monitoring method |
| WO1998042552A1 (en) * | 1997-03-24 | 1998-10-01 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Electro-hydraulic unit for regulating pressure in brake installations for motor vehicles |
| US20080048492A1 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-28 | Advics Co., Ltd. | Actuator for controlling brake fluid pressure |
| WO2010102844A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Braking system, method for operating a braking system and production method for a braking system |
| WO2014106548A1 (en) * | 2013-01-03 | 2014-07-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Brake system and method for dimensioning a brake system |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112977384A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Brake system, vehicle and control method of vehicle-mounted entertainment mode |
| CN112977384B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-06-10 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Braking system, vehicle and control method of in-vehicle entertainment mode |
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| DE102014216815A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
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