WO2016027733A1 - 光反射フィルム、光反射フィルムの製造方法、光反射フィルムの加飾成型加工方法、合わせガラス及び曲面形状体 - Google Patents
光反射フィルム、光反射フィルムの製造方法、光反射フィルムの加飾成型加工方法、合わせガラス及び曲面形状体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016027733A1 WO2016027733A1 PCT/JP2015/072742 JP2015072742W WO2016027733A1 WO 2016027733 A1 WO2016027733 A1 WO 2016027733A1 JP 2015072742 W JP2015072742 W JP 2015072742W WO 2016027733 A1 WO2016027733 A1 WO 2016027733A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light reflecting film, a method for producing the light reflecting film, a method for decorating and forming the light reflecting film, a laminated glass, and a curved shape body. More specifically, it improves the self-healing deterioration of the stretched part when stretched into a curved shape and bonded, and has excellent scratch resistance and light resistance, its production method, and the addition of the light reflecting film.
- the present invention relates to a decorative molding method, a laminated glass, and a curved body.
- the base material when used outdoors, the base material is required to have scratch resistance and light resistance. Therefore, it is common to form a hard coat layer on a substrate.
- an ultraviolet (UV) absorber or a light stabilizer also referred to as HALS in this application
- a normal hard coat material cannot withstand long-term sunlight irradiation outdoors, There arises a problem that the substrate is deteriorated and the optical reflectance is lowered.
- Patent Document 1 maintains a stretchability by providing a self-healing surface protective layer containing an actinic radiation curable polymer containing a hard coat agent, a light stabilizer and a UV absorber on a decorative film.
- a technique for providing light resistance is disclosed.
- the light reflecting member is bonded to the curved shape body described above, the light reflecting member is stretched into a curved shape, so that the self-healing property of the stretched portion is less than the self-healing property of the unstretched portion. There existed a problem that it deteriorated and the scratch resistance of the said part became inadequate.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems and situations, and the problem to be solved is to improve the deterioration of the self-restoring property of the stretched portion when stretched and pasted into a curved surface shape, and to have scratch resistance and light resistance. It is providing the light reflection film excellent in property, the manufacturing method of the said light reflection film, the decoration shaping
- the present inventor is a light reflecting film in which a self-healing layer is formed on a light reflector having at least a base film and a light reflecting layer in the process of examining the cause of the above problems.
- the degree of repair of the self-healing layer defined by the following formula is a specific value or more, and further, a curved surface shape by a light reflecting film provided with a buffer layer between the light reflector and the self-healing layer It was found that a light reflecting film excellent in scratch resistance and light resistance can be obtained by improving the deterioration of the self-restoring property of the stretched part when stretched and bonded.
- the said buffer layer contains the polymer polymerized from the monomer composition containing at least 1 sort (s) chosen from an ultraviolet-stable monomer and at least 1 sort (s) chosen from an ultraviolet absorptive monomer, The said buffer before performing a decorative molding process 2.
- molding process is 3 mass% or less,
- Item 4 The light reflecting film according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the light reflecting film has a light reflectance of 50% or more in a light wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm.
- a method for producing a light reflecting film comprising: applying a self-healing layer on the buffer layer without applying an aging treatment after being applied to the substrate and then thermally cured.
- a laminated glass comprising the light reflecting film according to item 4 sandwiched between two laminated glass constituting members.
- a curved surface body comprising the light reflecting film according to Item 5.
- the self-healing deterioration of the stretched part when stretched into a curved surface shape and pasted is improved, and the light reflecting film excellent in scratch resistance and light resistance, and the method for producing the light reflecting film ,
- a decorative molding method of the light reflecting film, a laminated glass and a curved body can be provided.
- a self-healing polymer can repair its elastic deformation against external stress, and can be self-healing even if there are fine scratches on the surface.
- Self-healing containing the polymer as a surface protective layer By forming the layer, an excellent effect in impact resistance and scratch resistance can be expected. On the other hand, if the self-healing layer is plastically deformed, the deformation such as the scratch cannot be repaired.
- the present invention is characterized in that the elasticity of the self-healing layer is controlled within a specific range, and further, a buffer layer is provided between the light reflector and the self-healing layer.
- the self-healing layer and the buffer layer absorb the deformation stress from the base material side generated by stretching when joining, so that the base material side of the self-healing layer is not plasticized and the self-healing performance of the stretched part does not deteriorate I found.
- the buffer layer according to the present invention contains a polymer having light stability and light absorption for ultraviolet rays, and further specifies the ratio of uncured monomer to the entire polymer in the buffer layer before and after the decorative molding process. It has been found that the elastic deformation region of the self-healing layer can be further expanded by adjusting the amount range.
- Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the light reflection film of this invention Sectional drawing which showed an example of the structure of the light reflection film which comprises an infrared reflective layer Sectional drawing which showed another example of the structure of the light reflection film which comprises an infrared reflective layer Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the light reflection film which comprises a film mirror Sectional drawing which shows another structure of the light reflection film which comprises a film mirror
- the light reflecting film of the present invention is a light reflecting film in which a self-healing layer is formed on a light reflector having at least a base film and a light reflecting layer, and the self-healing layer defined by the above formula is repaired.
- the degree (A) is 0.02 or more, and a buffer layer is provided between the light reflection layer and the self-healing layer.
- the buffer layer includes a monomer composition containing at least one selected from UV-stable monomers and at least one selected from UV-absorbing monomers. It contains a polymerized polymer, and the proportion of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer before the decorative molding process is 5% by mass or more, during the decorative molding process, the light reflecting film is stretched into a curved shape Then, it is preferable from the viewpoint that the buffer layer absorbs the deformation stress from the base material at the time of pasting and suppresses plastic deformation of the self-healing layer.
- the ratio of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer after the decorative molding process is 3% by mass or less.
- the buffer layer may be easily cracked. Therefore, this is a preferred embodiment from the viewpoint of improving the scratch resistance of the buffer layer itself.
- the light reflection film having a light reflectance in the light wavelength range of 1000 to 1500 nm is preferably 50% or more as a heat-shielding film for window pasting, and a preferred embodiment as an infrared reflection film.
- the light reflectance of the light reflection film in the light wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm is 50% or more, it is possible to provide a solar heat reflection film or a decorative film having a metallic luster. It is.
- the method for producing a light reflecting film for producing the light reflecting film of the present invention includes applying a buffer layer coating solution for forming the buffer layer on the light reflector and then thermally curing it without performing an aging treatment.
- a buffer layer coating solution for forming the buffer layer on the light reflector By the manufacturing method of forming a self-repair layer on the buffer layer, the proportion of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer before the decorative molding process can be controlled to a specific value or more, and the light reflecting film is curved Even if it extends
- an adhesive layer or an adhesive layer is formed on the surface opposite to the self-repairing layer with respect to the light reflecting film, and the light reflecting film is bonded to the adhesive layer or the adhesive layer. It is preferable to bond the substrate on the substrate while thermoforming at a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher.
- the buffer layer after being deformed into a curved surface shape is a self-healing layer by further thermosetting a part of the uncured polymer in the buffer layer and controlling the ratio to a specific value or less by setting the temperature to the temperature or higher. This is preferable from the viewpoint of deformation following the deformation of the external stress and suppressing the occurrence of cracks in the buffer layer itself.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention is sandwiched between two laminated glass components to form a laminated glass.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention is preferably provided on a curved substrate to form a curved body.
- ⁇ is used to mean that the numerical values described before and after it are included as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention is a light reflecting film in which a self-healing layer is formed on a light reflector comprising at least a base film and a light reflecting layer, and the self-healing layer is defined by the following formula:
- the degree (A) is 0.02 or more, and a buffer layer is provided between the light reflector and the self-healing layer.
- the degree of repair (A) is a value obtained by the above-defined formula through an indentation depth setting load-unloading test, and is performed by the following method as an example.
- FIG. 1 shows a load test force-indentation depth curve (indentation depth setting load-unloading test when the indenter is pushed in at the indentation depth, which is obtained by measuring the light reflecting film according to the present embodiment. is a graph showing an example of the resulting curve) to calculate the h 1 and h 2.
- FIG. 1A represents a load test force-indentation depth curve with an unloading holding time of 0 seconds, and calculates h 1 .
- Figure 1B load test force at unloading retention time of 60 seconds - represents the depth curve Push calculates the h 2.
- a dynamic ultra-small hardness meter DUH-211S (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) can be used and measured under the following measurement conditions.
- Indenter shape Triangular pyramid indenter (edge angle 115 °) Measurement environment: temperature 23 ° C, relative humidity 50% Maximum test load: 196.13mN Loading speed: 6.662 mN / 10 seconds Unloading speed: 6.662 mN / 10 seconds
- the magnitude of the degree of repair (A) obtained by the above formula indicates self-healing properties, and is 0.02 or more. It can be said that it has the self-repairing property as referred to in the present application. That is, the value of the residual depth h 2 with respect to the residual depth h 1 is smaller, the more the difference is large, it said elastic self-healing layer is high, indicating that the self-repairing large degree.
- the indentation depth setting load-repair degree (A) of the unloading test is preferably in the range of 0.02 to 0.90, and preferably in the range of 0.20 to 0.70. If it is in a range not exceeding 0.90, it is possible to achieve both hard coat properties and a degree of self-repair.
- FIG. 2 shows the minimum configuration of the light reflecting film RF of the present invention.
- the light reflecting film RF of the present invention is a light reflector 1 having a light reflecting layer 3 on at least one surface of a base film 2, a self-healing layer 5 on the surface having the light reflecting layer, and the light reflector 1 and the self
- the buffer layer 4 is disposed between the repair layer 5 and the repair layer 5.
- each functional layer may be provided on each of the respective layers and on the self-healing layer, and an adhesive layer or a self-healing layer 5 may be provided on the surface opposite to the self-healing layer 5 of the base film 2. It is also preferable to form an adhesive layer and bond the light reflecting film to the substrate.
- the self-healing layer according to the present invention has a degree of repair (A) determined by an indentation depth setting load-unloading test of 0.02 or more when indented by the microhardness meter. It is characterized by being.
- the degree of repair (A) is preferably in the range of 0.02 to 0.90, and preferably in the range of 0.20 to 0.70. If it is 0.02 or more, the self-healing layer can exhibit the self-healing property of the present application, and if it is within 0.90, the mechanical film strength such as hard coat property is excellent.
- the self-healing layer according to the present invention is a layer mainly composed of an actinic radiation curable resin that is cured through a crosslinking reaction upon irradiation with actinic rays (also referred to as actinic energy rays) such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams. preferable.
- actinic energy rays also referred to as actinic energy rays
- ultraviolet rays and electron beams preferable.
- an actinic radiation curable resin that can be used in the self-healing layer according to the present invention a component containing a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferably used, and actinic radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams is irradiated. This is cured to form an actinic radiation curable resin layer.
- actinic radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams
- an active energy ray curable resin having an epoxy skeleton, or an active energy ray curable resin having an alkyl chain skeleton or an alkylene oxide skeleton is preferable.
- Examples of the active energy ray-curable resin having an epoxy skeleton include epoxy (meth) acrylate.
- the epoxy (meth) acrylate is obtained by reacting the tricarboxylic acid represented by the following (i) or (ii) with the (meth) acrylate having a monooxirane ring represented by the following (iii) or (iv): It is.
- the tricarboxylic acid represented by (i) and the tricarboxylic acid represented by (ii) can be used alone or in combination.
- the (meth) acrylate having a monooxirane ring represented by (iii) and the (meth) acrylate having a monooxirane ring represented by (iv) can be used alone or in combination.
- R represents hydrogen or a hydroxy group.
- a, b and d are integers of 0 to 8
- c is an integer of 0 to 9
- 0 ⁇ a + b + c + d ⁇ 9 and [a ⁇ d or (a d and b ⁇ c)].
- R represents hydrogen or a methyl group
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- R represents hydrogen or a methyl group, and s represents an integer of 1 to 10.
- Epoxy (meth) acrylate has a good balance between the soft segment and the hard segment, and it is easy to obtain characteristics that easily relieve external stress.
- trimellitic acid (ii) examples include 1,2,4-trimellitic acid, 1,3,5-trimellitic acid and 1,2,3-trimellitic acid.
- Examples of the active energy ray-curable resin having an alkyl chain skeleton or an alkylene oxide skeleton include, for example, a (meth) acrylate having one hydroxy group and three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Urethane (meth) acrylate obtained by reacting (meth) acrylate having the alkylene oxide skeleton (following (P1)) obtained by adding 1 to 20 moles of the above alkylene oxide with polyisocyanate (following (P2)) Can be mentioned.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate having one hydroxy group and three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule include pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, diglycerin tri (meth) acrylate, and ditrimethylolpropane tri (meth).
- Examples include acrylate, xylitol tetra (meth) acrylate, triglycerin tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, and sorbitol penta (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylates having one hydroxy group and 3 to 5 (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule are preferred, such as pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, xylitol tetra (meth) acrylate, and triglycerin tetra.
- (Meth) acrylate and dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate are mentioned. More preferred are pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate and dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate.
- alkylene oxide having 2 to 4 carbon atoms can be used. Specific examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran and the like. These alkylene oxides may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and when two or more are used in combination, they may be subjected to addition polymerization in a random or block form. Of these, tetrahydrofuran is preferred, and the average number of moles of alkylene oxide added is 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 12.
- the method for producing the (meth) acrylate (P1) component having an alkylene oxide skeleton can be carried out in the same manner as in ordinary ring-opening polymerization. For example, after charging a reaction vessel with (meth) acrylate and catalyst having one hydroxy group and three or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule, a polymerization inhibitor and an organic solvent as necessary, Is substituted with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas, and alkylene oxide is injected to carry out addition polymerization.
- the reaction temperature is usually ⁇ 30 to 120 ° C., preferably 0 to 80 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C.
- reaction rate When it is lower than ⁇ 30 ° C., the reaction rate is slow, and when it is higher than 120 ° C., side reactions or polymerization may proceed excessively or the product may be colored.
- the reaction time is usually 0.3 to 20 hours, more preferably 1 to 10 hours.
- Polyisocyanate (P2) is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic isocyanate containing at least two or more isocyanate groups in the molecule.
- the bifunctional isocyanate include 1,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 4,
- aromatic and cycloaliphatic diisocyanates such as aromatic diisocyanates such as 4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, trimethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and norbornane diisocyanate.
- trifunctional isocyanate examples include 1,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 1,3-xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone.
- polyfunctional isocyanate include isocyanate compounds obtained by reacting the diisocyanate with a polyol or polyamine.
- trifunctional isocyanates modified by polycondensation of aliphatic diisocyanates and alicyclic diisocyanates, aliphatic diisocyanates and alicyclic diisocyanate monomers are preferred, such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and norbornane diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic and alicyclic diisocyanates and trifunctional isocyanates obtained by modifying these diisocyanates with isocyanurates are more preferred.
- These polyisocyanates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- PE3A pentaerythritol triacrylate
- PE4A pentaerythritol tetraacrylate
- EO ethylene oxide
- adsorbent KYOWARD 1000: manufactured by Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the resulting viscous liquid has a hydroxy group value of 106 mgKOH / g, and when calculated from the hydroxy group value, a methacrylic acid having a number average molecular weight of 430 obtained by adding 3 mol of EO to PE3A is obtained, and EO3 mol of PE3A
- the mass ratio of the adduct / PE4A mixture was 77/23.
- the actinic radiation curable resin includes an ultraviolet curable acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin, and an ultraviolet curable polyol.
- ultraviolet curable acrylate resin an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin
- ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin an ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin
- ultraviolet curable epoxy resins examples thereof include acrylate resins and ultraviolet curable epoxy resins.
- polyrotaxane can be used as the other actinic radiation curable resin in the self-healing layer according to the present invention.
- polytaloxane for example, SM3405P, SM1315P, SA3405P, SA2405P, SA1315P, SM3400C, SA3400C, SA2400C (above, manufactured by Advanced Soft Materials Co., Ltd.) and the like can be preferably used.
- thermosetting resin similarly, as a commercially available product of polyrotaxane, for example, SH3400P, SH2400P, SH1310P, and thermosetting elastomer, for example, SH3400S, SH3400M (above, manufactured by Advanced Soft Materials Co., Ltd.) are preferable. It can also be used.
- the self-healing layer preferably contains a photopolymerization initiator to accelerate the curing of the actinic radiation curable resin.
- Specific examples of the photopolymerization initiator include alkylphenone series, acetophenone, benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, Michler ketone, ⁇ -amyloxime ester, thioxanthone, and derivatives thereof. In particular, it is not limited to these.
- photopolymerization initiators Commercially available products may be used as such photopolymerization initiators, and preferred examples include Irgacure 184, Irgacure 907, Irgacure 651 and the like manufactured by BASF Japan.
- the self-healing layer may contain additives such as silicone surfactants, fluorine surfactants, anionic surfactants, fluorine-siloxane graft compounds, fluorine compounds, and acrylic copolymers.
- Fine particles In order to improve the slipperiness of the surface of the self-healing layer, it may further contain fine particles (matting agent) as necessary.
- the fine particles may be inorganic fine particles or organic fine particles.
- inorganic fine particles include silicon dioxide (silica), titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium carbonate, talc, clay, calcined kaolin, calcined calcium silicate, hydrated calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, Examples include magnesium silicate and calcium phosphate.
- silicon dioxide and zirconium oxide are preferable, and silicon dioxide is more preferable in order to reduce the increase in haze of the obtained film.
- Examples of the fine particles of silicon dioxide include Aerosil R972, R972V, R974, R812, 200, 200V, 300, R202, OX50, TT600, NAX50 (manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.), Seahoster KE-P10, KE-P30, KE-P50, KE-P100 (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) and the like are included.
- Aerosil R972V, NAX50, Seahoster KE-P30 and the like are particularly preferable because the friction coefficient is reduced while keeping the turbidity of the obtained self-repairing layer low.
- the primary particle diameter of the fine particles is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 nm, more preferably in the range of 7 to 20 nm.
- a larger primary particle size has a greater effect of improving the slipperiness, but the transparency tends to decrease. Therefore, the fine particles may be contained as secondary aggregates having a particle diameter in the range of 0.05 to 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the size of the primary particles or the secondary aggregates of the fine particles is determined by observing the primary particles or secondary aggregates with a transmission electron microscope at a magnification of 500 to 2 million times, and 100 particles of primary particles or secondary aggregates. It can obtain
- the content of the fine particles is preferably in the range of 0.05 to 1.0% by mass, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.8% by mass with respect to the resin forming the self-healing layer. .
- the self-healing layer can be formed by diluting the above-described components with a solvent to form a self-healing layer composition, which is applied to the light reflector through the buffer layer described later, dried and cured by the following method. preferable.
- ketones methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, etc.
- acetate esters methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, etc.
- alcohols ethanol, methanol
- propylene glycol monomethyl ether cyclohexanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.
- the dry thickness of the self-healing layer is preferably in the range of an average layer thickness of 5 to 30 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 10 to 20 ⁇ m. Within this range, self-repairing properties can be exhibited and scratch resistance is also improved.
- a gravure coater As a method for applying the self-healing layer, known methods such as a gravure coater, a dip coater, a reverse coater, a wire bar coater, a die coater, and an ink jet method can be used.
- the self-healing layer layer composition After applying the self-healing layer layer composition, it may be dried and cured (irradiated with active rays (also referred to as UV curing treatment)), and if necessary, may be heat treated after UV curing.
- the heat treatment temperature after UV curing is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 100 ° C. or higher, and particularly preferably 120 ° C. or higher.
- the drying temperature in the range of 15 to 70 ° C. for 15 seconds after the coating step is in the range of 60 to 120 ° C. in the range of 15 to 36 seconds, and after 36 seconds to less than 40 seconds.
- the drying temperature is desirably in the range of 30 to 80 ° C.
- Irradiation conditions vary depending on each lamp, but the irradiation amount of active rays is usually in the range of 30 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 , preferably in the range of 70 to 300 mJ / cm 2 .
- oxygen removal for example, substitution with an inert gas such as nitrogen purge
- the cured state of the surface can be controlled by adjusting the removal amount of the oxygen concentration.
- the buffer layer according to the present invention is preferably a monomer composition comprising at least one selected from UV-stable monomers and at least one selected from UV-absorbing monomers from the viewpoint of improving light resistance.
- the ratio of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer before the decorative molding process is 5% by mass or more.
- the proportion of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer before the decorative molding process is preferably in the range of 5 to 80% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 60% by mass.
- the buffering property is increased by setting it to 5% by mass or more, the stress relaxation when bonding to a curved body is good, and if it is 80% by mass or less, it is more effective in preventing plasticization of the self-healing layer. It is.
- the ratio of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer after the decorative molding process is preferably 3% by mass or less.
- the buffer layer is cured and deformation of the buffer layer can be suppressed when an external stress is applied, and the optical reflectance can be prevented from deteriorating.
- the polymer that can be used in the buffer layer is preferably a polymerizable acrylic polymer that is polymerized from a monomer composition that includes at least one selected from UV-stable monomers and at least one selected from UV-absorbing monomers.
- the UV-stable monomer as used in the present invention refers to a compound generally referred to as HALS (hindered amine light stabilizer), and is preferably an UV-stable monomer represented by the following general formulas (1) and (2).
- the polymer preferably has a polymerizable double bond in the side chain of a polymer obtained by radical polymerization of a monomer composition containing at least one selected from the monomers.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cyano group.
- R 2 and R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 4 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- X represents an oxygen atom or an imino group.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a cyano group.
- R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- X represents an oxygen atom or an imino group.
- the polymer which concerns on this invention contains at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the monomer composition that the monomer composition is represented by the following general formulas (3) and (4), and the monomer represented by (5). Is preferred.
- R 5 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 6 represents a lower alkylene group.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- Y represents hydrogen, halogen, or carbon number.
- 1 to 8 represents a hydrocarbon group, a lower alkoxy group, a cyano group or a nitro group.
- R 8 represents an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms;
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 10 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the polymerizable acrylic polymer used in the buffer layer according to the present invention includes a monomer composition containing at least one selected from ultraviolet-stable monomers represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) and a monomer having a functional group It is preferable to produce a polymer obtained by radical polymerization of a product by reacting a compound having a functional group that reacts with the functional group and a polymerizable double bond.
- the polymerizable acrylic polymer used for the buffer layer exhibits excellent light resistance by containing the UV-stable monomer having the specific structure. Although such an action has not yet been fully elucidated, it is likely that the N-oxy radical generated by oxidation of the N-substituent of the piperidine skeleton traps the alkyl radical generated in the photoinitiation reaction of the polymer. It is presumed that this is the main effect.
- the problem of bleeding out of the polymerization composition of the ultraviolet stabilizer can be solved.
- the polymer since it has a polymerizable double bond in the side chain, it becomes a self-crosslinkable polymer and is excellent in scratch resistance.
- it since it is an acrylic polymer, it is easy to balance physical properties depending on the length of the side chain alkyl group of the monomer to be copolymerized and the presence or absence of an aromatic ring.
- the polymerizable acrylic polymer exhibits a remarkable synergistic effect in terms of light resistance when used in combination with an ultraviolet-absorbing monomer having a specific structure represented by the general formulas (3) and (4).
- an unsaturated monomer having a specific structure may be further contained. Since the unsaturated monomer has a sterically bulky substituent, it has the effect of reducing the internal strain of the coating film in a curing method that tends to cause internal strain in the coating film, such as curing with an electron beam or ultraviolet light. Further, long-term light resistance is further improved without causing cracks in the coating film.
- the substituent represented by R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a cyano group
- the substituent represented by R 2 or R 3 Each group is independently composed of a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- the substituent represented by R 4 is composed of a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- the substituent represented by X is an oxygen atom or imino group It is a piperidine composed of a group.
- substituent represented by R 4 include a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, Chain hydrocarbon groups such as octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl; cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclo An alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as a heptyl group and a cyclooctyl group; an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a benzy
- UV-stable monomer represented by the general formula (1) examples include 4- (meth) acryloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4- (meth) acryloylamino-2. , 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4- (meth) acryloyloxy-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, 4- (meth) acryloylamino-1,2,2,6,6 -Pentamethylpiperidine, 4-cyano-4- (meth) acryloylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-crotonoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-croto Noylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine and the like may be used, and only one of these may be used, or two or more may be used in appropriate mixture.
- the ultraviolet-stable monomer of General formula (1) is not limited to these compounds.
- UV-stable monomer represented by the general formula (2) examples include 1- (meth) acryloyl-4- (meth) acryloylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, (Meth) acryloyl-4-cyano-4- (meth) acryloylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 1-crotonoyl-4-crotoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine These may be used, and only one of these may be used, or two or more may be appropriately mixed and used.
- the ultraviolet-stable monomer of General formula (2) is not limited to these.
- R 5 is composed of a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 6 is composed of a lower alkylene group
- R 7 is composed of a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Y is benzotriazole composed of hydrogen, halogen, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a lower alkoxy group, a cyano group or a nitro group.
- the substituent represented by R 5 is specifically a hydrogen atom, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, Chain hydrocarbon group such as heptyl group, octyl group; cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon group such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group; phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, benzyl group , An aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenethyl group, and the substituent represented by R 6 is specifically an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and includes a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, and a butylene group.
- Linear alkylene groups such as pentylene group and hexylene group, isopropylene group, isobutylene group, s-butylene, t-butylene group, isopentylene group,
- a branched alkylene group such as a pentylene group, and the substituent represented by Y is hydrogen; halogen such as fluorine, chlorine, sulfur, or iodine; methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group Chain hydrocarbon groups such as isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group and octyl group: cycloaliphatic groups such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group and cyclooctyl group Hydrocarbon group: Aromatic hydrocarbon group such as phenyl group, to
- ultraviolet absorbing monomer represented by the general formula (3) examples include 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(methacryloyloxymethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2-[[2 '-Hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl]]-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzo Triazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-t-butyl-3 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5'-(methacryloyloxyethyl) phenyl ] -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-5 '-(methacryloyloxyethyl) ) Ph
- the substituent represented by R 8 is composed of an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom represented by R 9 or Benzotriazoles composed of a methyl group.
- the substituent represented by R 8 is specifically an ethylene group, trimethylene group, propylene group or the like.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorbing monomer represented by the general formula (4) include 2- [2′hydroxy-5 ′-( ⁇ -methacryloyloxyethoxy) -3′-t-butylphenyl] -4-t- Examples include but are not limited to butyl-2H-benzotriazole. These ultraviolet-absorbing monomers represented by the general formula (4) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the substituent represented by R 10 is composed of a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and the substituent represented by Z has a substituent. It is an unsaturated monomer composed of a cycloalkyl group.
- the substituent represented by Z is a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a t-butylcyclohexyl group, a cyclododecyl group, or the like.
- the unsaturated monomer represented by the general formula (5) used in the present invention include cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, methylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, t-butylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclododecyl ( (Meth) acrylate etc. are mentioned, These 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be used.
- the polymerizable acrylic polymer used in the present invention may be a copolymer made of an acrylic monomer as a main monomer and other copolymerizable unsaturated monomers.
- acrylic monomers used in the present invention include acrylic carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n -(Meth) acrylic acid esters such as butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryltridecyl (meth) acrylate; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- Hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified hydroxy (meth) acrylate (for example, “Placcel FM” manufactured by Daicel Corporation), (meth) acrylic acid monoester of ester diol obtained from phthalic acid and propylene glycol, etc.
- acrylic carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid; methyl
- copolymerizable unsaturated monomers include, for example, halogen-containing unsaturated monomers such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; aromatic unsaturated monomers such as styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene and vinyltoluene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate; A vinyl ether etc. are mentioned, These 1 type (s) or 2 or more types can be used as needed.
- the use amount of various monomers is not particularly limited, but the total use amount of the UV-stable monomers represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) is from 0.1 to the total amount of the polymer composition. It is desired to be 30% by mass. The more preferred range is preferably 0.5% by mass, more preferably 1% by mass as the lower limit side. The other upper limit is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass. When the total amount of the UV-stable monomer is within this range, the light resistance of the polymerizable acrylic polymer is sufficient.
- the total amount of UV-absorbing monomers represented by the general formulas (3) and (4) is 0.1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polymer composition.
- the more preferred range is preferably 0.5% by mass, more preferably 1% by mass as the lower limit side.
- the other upper limit is preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass.
- the synergistic effect with the UV-stable monomer is sufficient, and the light resistance is also sufficient.
- the amount of the unsaturated monomer represented by the general formula (5) is desirably 5 to 80% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polymer composition.
- the more preferable range is described.
- the lower limit is preferably 10% by mass, and more preferably 15% by mass.
- the other upper limit is preferably 70% by mass, more preferably 50% by mass. Within this range, cracks are hardly generated during curing, light resistance is sufficient, and there is no possibility that the cured coating film becomes brittle.
- the polymerizable acrylic polymer of the present invention is obtained by radical polymerization of a monomer composition containing at least one selected from ultraviolet-stable monomers represented by the general formulas (1) and (2) and a monomer having a functional group.
- the obtained polymer can be produced by reacting a functional group that reacts with the functional group and a compound having a polymerizable double bond.
- the functional group used for introducing a polymerizable double bond include an epoxy group, an oxazoline group, an isocyanate group, an acid amide group (aminocarbonyl group), a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, and an amino group.
- copolymerizable monomer having these functional groups include glycidyl (meth) acrylate, 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl isocyanate (meth) acrylate, N— Acrylamide, N-methoxymethylacrylamide, N-butoxymethylacrylamide, itaconic acid diamide, fumaric acid amide, phthalic acid amide, (meth) acrylate, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2 -Hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, t-butylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate and the like.
- compounds used for introducing a polymerizable functional group include compounds having a carboxy group such as (meth) acrylic acid and itaconic acid when the functional group is an epoxy group or an oxazoline group;
- a carboxy group such as (meth) acrylic acid and itaconic acid when the functional group is an epoxy group or an oxazoline group
- an isocyanate group a hydroxy group-containing monomer such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate
- Epoxy group-containing monomers such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate, 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 4 -Hydroxybutyl (meth) acryl Hydroxy group-containing
- the double bond equivalent of the acrylic polymer of the present invention is preferably 200 to 3000, preferably 300 to 1500, and more preferably 350 to 1000.
- the double bond equivalent is 3000 or less, hardness and scratch resistance are sufficient.
- it is 200 or more, cracks hardly occur in the cured coating film over time, and light resistance is improved.
- the polymerization method for copolymerizing the monomer components is not particularly limited, and conventionally known polymerization methods can be employed.
- polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, dispersion polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization can be used.
- Solvents that can be used when polymerizing monomer components using the solution polymerization method include toluene, xylene, and other high-boiling aromatic solvents; ester solvents such as butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and cellosolve acetate; methyl ethyl ketone, Examples thereof include ketone solvents such as methyl isobutyl ketone.
- the solvent which can be used is not limited to these solvents. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Note that the amount of the solvent used may be appropriately determined in consideration of the concentration of the product.
- a polymerization initiator is used when the monomer composition is copolymerized.
- the polymerization initiator include 2,2'-azobis- (2-methylbutyronitrile), t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoylper Examples thereof include usual radical polymerization initiators such as oxide and di-t-butyl peroxide.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used should be appropriately determined from the required characteristic values of the polymer and is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 50% by mass with respect to the total amount of the monomer components, More preferably, it is in the range of 0.05 to 20% by mass.
- the reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of room temperature to 200 ° C, more preferably 40 to 140 ° C.
- reaction time suitably so that a polymerization reaction may be completed according to the composition of the monomer composition to be used, the kind of polymerization initiator, etc.
- a curing agent As other components for forming the buffer layer, a curing agent, a curing accelerator, other additives, and the like can be used. Details thereof are described in, for example, materials as described in JP-A-2009-269984. However, the present invention is not limited to this.
- the buffer layer is preferably formed by dissolving the polymer and, if necessary, various additives in an organic solvent or the like to form a buffer layer coating solution, and coating the coating solution on the light reflector. Coating can be performed by methods such as dipping, spraying, brushing, curtain flow coater, roll coating, spin coating, bar coating, and the like.
- the layer thickness of the buffer layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and preferably in the range of 3 to 7 ⁇ m. Within the above range, the buffer layer can relieve the stress from the outside of the self-healing layer, and by expanding the elastic deformation region of the self-healing layer, the self-healing property can be improved even for stronger external stresses. Scratch resistance can be improved while maintaining.
- the curing of the polymerizable acrylic polymer is preferably performed by heating, and the buffer layer coating solution is applied onto the light reflector and then thermally cured. It is preferable to cure in a temperature range of 80 to 200 ° C. by appropriately adjusting the ratio of the kind of polymer, curing agent, curing accelerator and the like. A temperature range of 80 to 150 ° C is more preferable, and a temperature range of 80 to 120 ° C is more preferable.
- the time for heat curing is appropriately adjusted, but it is preferably within the range of 0.5 to 10 minutes from the viewpoint of adjusting the ratio of the uncured monomer and maintaining the mechanical strength of the buffer layer.
- the buffer layer according to the present invention has an effect of expanding the elastic deformation region of the self-healing layer that the ratio of the uncured monomer to the buffer layer before the decorative molding process is 5% by mass or more.
- the monomer component should be intentionally left.
- the temperature and time of the thermosetting are preferably controlled within the above range, and a self-healing layer can be formed on the buffer layer without performing a post-heating step such as aging after thermosetting. preferable.
- a buffer layer coating solution for forming the buffer layer is applied on the light reflector, and then thermally cured, and then the buffer layer is not subjected to an aging treatment. It is preferable to form a self-healing layer thereon.
- the aging treatment refers to heating at a relatively low temperature for a long time after the buffer layer is formed, and since it is performed by a combination of heating temperature and heating time, it cannot be generally described, but for example 35 to 50 A heat treatment performed within a range of 0.5 to 7 days at a temperature in the range of ° C.
- the light reflecting film may be subjected to an aging treatment with the intention of promoting the curing of the self-healing layer after forming the self-healing layer, but in that case, the buffer layer before the decorative molding process is uncured. It is preferable to carry out under relatively mild aging treatment conditions such that the monomer ratio is 5% by mass or more.
- the proportion of the uncured monomer before the decorative molding process is preferably in the range of 5 to 80% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 60% by mass. 5% by mass or more increases buffering properties, so stress relaxation when bonding to a curved body is good. If it is 80% by mass or less, it is more effective in preventing plasticization of the self-healing layer. Is.
- the proportion of the uncured monomer after the decorative molding is preferably 3% by mass or less, and the temperature during the decorative molding is preferably 80 ° C. or higher in order to control to the range, 80 It is preferably carried out in a temperature range of ⁇ 200 ° C. A temperature range of 80 to 150 ° C is more preferable, and a temperature range of 80 to 120 ° C is more preferable. It is preferable that the time for the decorative molding is appropriately adjusted so as to be the proportion of the uncured monomer.
- the proportion of the uncured monomer after the decorative molding is preferably controlled to 0.1 to 3% by mass or less. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.0 mass%. If the proportion of the uncured monomer after decorative molding is 0.1% by mass or more, scratch resistance after molding is high, and if it is 3% by mass or less, light resistance after molding is improved.
- the elastic deformation region of the self-healing layer can be further expanded, for example, the light reflection of the present invention Even during the decorative molding process where the film is stretched into a curved surface and bonded, it absorbs deformation stress from the base material after molding and after molding, and the scratch resistance of the stretched part of the self-healing layer deteriorates It is presumed that this can be suppressed.
- the content of the uncured monomer in the buffer layer can be measured by the following method.
- the light reflecting film sample is cut, and the ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) of the buffer layer is measured.
- ATR Attenuated Total Reflection
- FT / IR-4100 manufactured by JASCO Corporation
- R1 Reflected light intensity at 2270 cm ⁇ 1 : This is the peak of the isocyanate bond and the peak of the uncured component.
- R2 Reflected light intensity of 2950 cm ⁇ 1 : This is the peak of the C—H bond, and the peak of the material itself (which does not change with curing / uncuring).
- thermosetting resin 100% of uncured monomer at the stage where the solvent is volatilized after application.
- thermosetting resin is completely cured and the uncured monomer is 0%.
- the ratio MM of the uncured monomer can be obtained by the following equation.
- (Ratio MM (mass%) of uncured monomer) (R1 / R2-B) / (AB) ⁇ 100
- (R1 / R2-B) represents a value obtained by subtracting the base strength from R1 / R2 at the time of measurement.
- (AB) indicates total monomer amount (total amount of polymer and monomer).
- (R1 / R2-B) / (AB) is (uncured monomer amount) / (total monomer amount) at the time of measurement.
- the light reflector according to the present invention is formed by laminating the buffer layer and the self-healing layer according to the present invention as an upper layer.
- the light reflecting film preferably has a light reflectance of 50% or more in a light wavelength range of 1000 to 1500 nm.
- the light reflectance in the light wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm is preferably 50% or more.
- the former is a film generally referred to as an infrared reflective film that selectively reflects infrared light
- the latter is a reflective film (also called a film mirror) that selectively reflects visible light or a glossy film (a metallic glossy film). Also referred to as)), and there are various types of films.
- the infrared reflection film for pasting windows the reflection film (film mirror) for solar heat reflection film, and the metallic glossy film, which are preferred embodiments as the light reflector according to the present invention, will be described in detail.
- the visible light transmittance measured by JIS R3106 is preferably 60% or more, and more Preferably it is 70% or more, More preferably, it is 80% or more. Further, the reflectance from the near infrared region to the infrared region having a wavelength of 1000 to 1500 nm is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, still more preferably 80% or more, and 90% The above is particularly preferable.
- Reflectance was measured in a 1000-1500 nm region of an infrared reflection film using a spectrophotometer (using an integrating sphere, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, U-4000 type) in an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH. The rate is measured, the average reflectance is obtained, and this is taken as the infrared reflectance.
- the total thickness of the infrared reflective film is not particularly limited, but is in the range of 100 to 1500 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 100 to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 100 to 700 ⁇ m. Preferably, it is in the range of 100 to 500 ⁇ m.
- the infrared reflective film preferably has an infrared reflective layer having a function of reflecting 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more of light within the light wavelength range of 1000 to 1500 nm as the functional layer.
- the infrared reflective layer includes a high refractive index reflective layer containing a first water-soluble binder resin and first metal oxide particles, a second water-soluble binder resin, and a second metal oxide.
- the low-refractive-index reflective layers containing particles are alternately laminated to selectively reflect light having a specific wavelength.
- These layer configurations in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as at least the transparent base film and the light reflection layer 3 are included, and an appropriate layer configuration can be selected according to each purpose. .
- 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views showing an example of the configuration of the light reflecting film of the present invention having an infrared reflecting layer.
- the infrared reflective layer includes a high refractive index reflective layer containing a first water-soluble binder resin and first metal oxide particles, and a low refractive index containing a second water-soluble binder resin and second metal oxide particles. It is a preferable aspect that the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is a reflective layer laminate in which refractive index reflective layers are alternately laminated and light of a specific wavelength is selectively reflected.
- a reflective layer laminate ML1 in which two water-soluble binder resins and low-refractive-index infrared ray reflective layers containing second metal oxide particles are alternately laminated is composed of n layers of infrared reflective layers T 1 to T n from the transparent substrate 2 side.
- An example of the configuration is a high refractive index layer in the range of .50.
- the refractive index as used in the field of this invention is the value measured in the environment of 25 degreeC.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a configuration having an infrared reflective layer composed of a polymer layer laminate, which is an infrared reflective film.
- the reflective layer laminate ML ⁇ b> 2 is configured as an infrared reflective layer on the base film 2 by laminating two kinds of polymer films having different materials.
- PEN 1 formed of a polyethylene naphthalate film
- PEN n ⁇ 1 , PMMA n , and PEN n are laminated to form a reflective layer laminate ML2.
- the total number of laminated films is preferably in the range of 150 to 1000 layers.
- the contents described in US Pat. No. 6,049,419 can be referred to.
- various functional layers may be provided as necessary in addition to the above constituent layers.
- the light reflective film of the present invention is the uppermost layer of the ML1 or ML2, directly or through other functional layers on T n or PEN n, a buffer layer 4 and the self-repairing layer 5 according to the present invention They are formed in this order.
- Examples of the substrate film applicable to the light reflector according to the present invention include a transparent resin film.
- “Transparent” in the present invention means that the average light transmittance in the visible light region is 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more.
- the thickness of the base film is preferably in the range of 30 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 30 to 100 ⁇ m, and still more preferably in the range of 35 to 70 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the transparent resin film is 30 ⁇ m or more, wrinkles or the like are less likely to occur during handling, and if the thickness is 200 ⁇ m or less, for example, when a laminated glass is produced, a curved glass surface when bonded to a glass substrate The follow-up to is improved.
- the transparent resin film is preferably a biaxially oriented polyester film, but an unstretched or at least one stretched polyester film can also be used.
- a stretched film is preferable from the viewpoint of strength improvement and thermal expansion suppression.
- a stretched film is more preferable.
- the transparent resin film preferably has a thermal shrinkage within a range of 0.1 to 3.0% at a temperature of 150 ° C. from the viewpoint of preventing generation of wrinkles of the light reflecting film and cracking of the infrared reflecting layer.
- the content is more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3.0%, further preferably 1.9 to 2.7%.
- the transparent resin film applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent.
- a polyolefin film for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
- a polyester film for example, polyethylene terephthalate).
- Polyethylene naphthalate, etc. polyvinyl chloride, triacetyl cellulose film and the like can be used, and polyester film and triacetyl cellulose film are preferable.
- the polyester film (hereinafter simply referred to as “polyester”) is not particularly limited, but is preferably a polyester having a film-forming property having a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main components.
- the main constituent dicarboxylic acid components include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid.
- diol component examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like.
- polyesters having these as main components from the viewpoints of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred.
- polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.
- particles may be contained within a range that does not impair transparency.
- particles that can be used for the transparent resin film include inorganic particles such as calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, silica, kaolin, talc, titanium dioxide, alumina, barium sulfate, calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride, zeolite, and molybdenum sulfide.
- organic particles such as crosslinked polymer particles and calcium oxalate.
- the method of adding particles include a method of adding particles in a polyester as a raw material, a method of adding directly to an extruder, and the like. Well, you may use two methods together.
- additives may be added in addition to the above particles as necessary. Examples of such additives include stabilizers, lubricants, cross-linking agents, anti-blocking agents, antioxidants, dyes, pigments, and ultraviolet absorbers.
- the transparent resin film can be produced by a conventionally known general method.
- an unstretched transparent resin film that is substantially amorphous and not oriented can be produced by melting a resin as a material with an extruder, extruding it with an annular die or a T-die, and rapidly cooling it.
- the unstretched transparent resin film is uniaxially stretched, tenter-type sequential biaxial stretching, tenter-type simultaneous biaxial stretching, tubular simultaneous biaxial stretching, and other known methods such as transparent resin film flow (vertical axis) direction.
- a stretched transparent resin film can be produced by stretching in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the transparent resin film (horizontal axis).
- the draw ratio in this case can be appropriately selected according to the resin that is the raw material of the transparent resin film, but is preferably 2 to 10 times in the vertical axis direction and the horizontal axis direction.
- the transparent resin film is preferably coated with the undercoat layer coating solution in-line on one or both sides during the film forming process.
- resins used in the undercoat layer coating solution useful in the present invention include polyester resins, acrylic-modified polyester resins, polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, vinyl resins, vinylidene chloride resins, polyethyleneimine vinylidene resins, polyethyleneimine resins, and polyvinyl alcohol resins. , Modified polyvinyl alcohol resin, gelatin and the like, and any of them can be preferably used.
- the undercoat layer can be coated by a known method such as roll coating, gravure coating, knife coating, dip coating or spray coating.
- the coating amount of the undercoat layer is preferably about 0.01 to 2 g / m 2 (dry state).
- a reflective layer laminate ML1 in which an infrared reflective layer containing a water-soluble binder resin and metal oxide particles described with reference to FIG. 3 is laminated, or FIG. 4 is used.
- Polymer layer laminate ML2 described above, and an infrared reflective layer having a different refractive index and containing a water-soluble binder resin and metal oxide particles is particularly preferable.
- the reflective layer laminate may have at least one infrared reflective layer. From the viewpoint of exhibiting an excellent heat insulating effect against solar radiation and electromagnetic wave transmission, the reflective layer laminate as illustrated in FIG. It is a particularly preferred embodiment.
- a high refractive index infrared reflective layer (hereinafter also referred to as a high refractive index layer) containing the first water-soluble binder resin and the first metal oxide particles on at least one surface side of the base film.
- the thickness of the high refractive index layer per layer is preferably in the range of 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 350 nm. Further, the thickness per layer of the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 350 nm.
- the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may have a clear interface between them or may be gradually changed.
- the metal oxide concentration profile of the reflection layer laminate formed by alternately laminating the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is etched from the surface to the depth direction by using a sputtering method, and an XPS surface analyzer
- the atomic composition ratio can be measured by sputtering at a rate of 0.5 nm / min with the outermost surface of 0 nm.
- the boundary can be confirmed by a tomographic photograph taken with an electron microscope (TEM).
- the XPS surface analyzer is not particularly limited and any model can be used.
- ESCALAB-200R manufactured by VG Scientific, Inc. can be used.
- Mg is used for the X-ray anode, and measurement is performed at an output of 600 W (acceleration voltage: 15 kV, emission current: 40 mA).
- the reflective layer laminate preferably has a total number of high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers in the range of 6 to 100 layers, more preferably in the range of 8 to 40 layers. And more preferably in the range of 9 to 30 layers.
- the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, still more preferably 0.35 or more, and particularly preferably 0. .4 or more.
- the outermost layer and the lowermost layer a configuration outside the above preferred range may be used.
- the functional layer for example, the uppermost layer adjacent to the buffer layer according to the present invention is also preferably a low refractive index layer containing silicon dioxide in the range of 10 to 60% by mass as metal oxide particles.
- the first and second water-soluble binder resins contained in the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer are preferably polyvinyl alcohol. Moreover, it is preferable that the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol contained in the high refractive index layer is different from the saponification degree of the polyvinyl alcohol contained in the low refractive index layer. Furthermore, the first metal oxide particles contained in the high refractive index layer are preferably titanium oxide particles, and more preferably titanium oxide particles surface-treated with a silicon-containing hydrated oxide. .
- the high refractive index layer contains the first water-soluble binder resin and the first metal oxide particles, and may contain a curing agent, other binder resin, a surfactant, and various additives as necessary. Good.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is preferably 1.80 to 2.50, more preferably 1.90 to 2.20.
- the first water-soluble binder resin is the temperature at which the water-soluble binder resin is most dissolved, and is filtered through a G2 glass filter (maximum pores 40 to 50 ⁇ m) when dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.5% by mass. In this case, the mass of the insoluble matter filtered out is within 50% by mass of the added water-soluble binder resin.
- the weight average molecular weight of the first water-soluble binder resin is preferably in the range of 1,000 to 200,000. Further, it is more preferably within the range of 3000 to 40000.
- the weight average molecular weight as used in the present invention can be measured by a known method, for example, static light scattering, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MASS), etc. In the present invention, it is measured by a gel permeation chromatography method which is a generally known method.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- TOF-MASS time-of-flight mass spectrometry
- the content of the first water-soluble binder resin in the high refractive index layer is preferably within the range of 5 to 50% by mass with respect to the solid content of 100% by mass of the high refractive index layer. It is more preferable to be within the range.
- hydrophilic high molecular compound can be employ
- the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer preferably contain two or more types of polyvinyl alcohol having different saponification degrees.
- polyvinyl alcohol as a water-soluble binder resin used in the high refractive index layer is polyvinyl alcohol (A)
- polyvinyl alcohol as a water-soluble binder resin used in the low refractive index layer is polyvinyl alcohol (B). That's it.
- each refractive index layer contains a plurality of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees and polymerization degrees
- the polyvinyl alcohol having the highest content in each refractive index layer is changed to polyvinyl alcohol (A ) And polyvinyl alcohol (B) in the low refractive index layer.
- the “degree of saponification” is the ratio of hydroxy groups to the total number of acetyloxy groups (derived from vinyl acetate as a raw material) and hydroxy groups in polyvinyl alcohol.
- the difference in the absolute value of the saponification degree between the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably 3 mol% or more, and more preferably 5 mol% or more. If it is such a range, since the interlayer mixing state of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer will become a preferable level, it is preferable. Moreover, although the difference of the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) is so preferable that it is separated, it is 20 mol% or less from the viewpoint of the solubility to water of polyvinyl alcohol. It is preferable.
- the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably 75 mol% or more from the viewpoint of solubility in water.
- the polymerization degree of the two types of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees is preferably 1000 or more, particularly preferably those having a polymerization degree in the range of 1500 to 5000, more preferably in the range of 2000 to 5000. Those are more preferably used. This is because when the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol is 1000 or more, there is no cracking of the coating film, and when it is 5000 or less, the coating solution is stabilized.
- Degree of polymerization (P) refers to a viscosity average degree of polymerization, measured according to JIS K6726 (1994), and measured in water at 30 ° C. after completely resaponifying and purifying PVA. From the intrinsic viscosity [ ⁇ ] (cm 3 / g), it is determined by the following formula.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) having a low saponification degree is used for the high refractive index layer and polyvinyl alcohol (B) having a high saponification degree is used for the low refractive index layer
- the polyvinyl alcohol ( A) is preferably contained in the range of 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably in the range of 60 to 95% by mass, based on the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the layer.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably contained in the range of 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably in the range of 60 to 95% by mass with respect to the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the low refractive index layer.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) is preferably contained in the range of 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably in the range of 60 to 95% by mass, based on the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the layer.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably contained in the range of 40 to 100% by mass, more preferably in the range of 60 to 95% by mass with respect to the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the low refractive index layer.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and (B) used in the present invention may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- Examples of commercially available products used as the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and (B) include, for example, PVA-102, PVA-103, PVA-105, PVA-110, PVA-117, PVA-120, PVA-124, PVA -203, PVA-205, PVA-210, PVA-217, PVA-220, PVA-224, PVA-235 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), JC-25, JC-33, JF-03, JF-04 , JPF-05, JP-03, JP-04, JP-05, JP-45 (above, manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Poval Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- first metal oxide particles applicable to the high refractive index layer metal oxide particles having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and 3.0 or less are preferable. More specifically, for example, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica, colloidal silica, alumina, colloidal alumina, lead titanate, red lead, yellow lead, zinc yellow, chromium oxide, second oxide Examples include iron, iron black, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium titanate, yttrium oxide, niobium oxide, europium oxide, lanthanum oxide, zircon, and tin oxide. In addition, composite oxide particles composed of a plurality of metals, core / shell particles whose metal structure changes into a core / shell shape, and the like can also be used.
- the high refractive index layer includes metal oxide fine particles having a high refractive index such as titanium and zirconium, that is, titanium oxide fine particles and / or zirconia oxide. It is preferable to contain fine particles.
- titanium oxide is more preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the coating liquid for forming the high refractive index layer.
- the rutile type tetragonal type
- the weather resistance of the high refractive index layer and adjacent layers is higher, and the refractive index is higher. To preferred.
- core / shell particles are used as the first metal oxide particles in the high refractive index layer, due to the interaction between the silicon-containing hydrated oxide of the shell layer and the first water-soluble binder resin, From the effect of suppressing interlayer mixing between the high refractive index layer and the adjacent layer, core / shell particles in which titanium oxide particles are coated with a silicon-containing hydrated oxide are more preferable.
- the content of the first metal oxide particles is in the range of 15 to 80% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer, a difference in refractive index from the low refractive index layer is imparted. It is preferable from the viewpoint. Further, it is more preferably in the range of 20 to 77% by mass, and further preferably in the range of 30 to 75% by mass.
- content in case metal oxide particles other than the said core-shell particle are contained in a high refractive index layer will not be specifically limited if it is a range which can have the effect of this invention.
- the volume average particle diameter of the first metal oxide particles applied to the high refractive index layer is preferably 30 nm or less, more preferably in the range of 1 to 30 nm, and in the range of 5 to 15 nm. Is more preferable.
- a volume average particle size in the range of 1 to 30 nm is preferable from the viewpoint of low visible light transmittance and low haze.
- the volume average particle size of the first metal oxide particles is a method of observing the particles themselves using a laser diffraction scattering method, a dynamic light scattering method, or an electron microscope, or appears on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer.
- the particle diameter of 1000 arbitrary particles is measured by a method of observing the particle image with an electron microscope, and particles having particle diameters of d1, d2,.
- a curing agent In order to cure the first water-soluble binder resin applied to the high refractive index layer, a curing agent can also be used.
- the curing agent that can be used together with the first water-soluble binder resin is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with the water-soluble binder resin.
- polyvinyl alcohol is used as the first water-soluble binder resin
- boric acid and its salt are preferable as the curing agent.
- the content of the curing agent in the high refractive index layer is preferably 1 to 10% by mass and more preferably 2 to 6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer.
- the total amount of the curing agent used is preferably in the range of 1 to 600 mg per gram of polyvinyl alcohol, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 600 mg per gram of polyvinyl alcohol. .
- the low refractive index layer includes a second water-soluble binder resin and second metal oxide particles, and further includes a curing agent, a surface coating component, a particle surface protective agent, a binder resin, a surfactant, various additives, and the like. May be included.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably in the range of 1.30 to 1.50.
- Polyvinyl alcohol is preferably used as the second water-soluble binder resin applied to the low refractive index layer. Furthermore, it is more preferable that polyvinyl alcohol (B) different from the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) present in the high refractive index layer is used for the low refractive index layer.
- polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) such as a preferable weight average molecular weight of 2nd water-soluble binder resin here, is demonstrated by the water-soluble binder resin of the said high refractive index layer. The description is omitted here.
- the content of the second water-soluble binder resin in the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 20 to 99.9% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer, and 25 to 80 More preferably, it is in the range of mass%.
- silica silicon dioxide
- specific examples thereof include synthetic amorphous silica and colloidal silica.
- acidic colloidal silica sol is more preferably used, and colloidal silica sol dispersed in an organic solvent is more preferably used.
- hollow fine particles having pores inside the particles can be used as the second metal oxide particles applied to the low refractive index layer, particularly silica (silicon dioxide). The hollow fine particles are preferred.
- the second metal oxide particles (preferably silicon dioxide) applied to the low refractive index layer preferably have an average particle size in the range of 3 to 100 nm.
- the average particle size of primary particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in a primary particle state is more preferably in the range of 3 to 50 nm, and in the range of 3 to 40 nm. Is more preferably 3 to 20 nm, and most preferably 4 to 10 nm.
- grains it is preferable from a viewpoint with few hazes and excellent visible light transmittance
- the low refractive index layer according to the present invention may further include a curing agent.
- a curing agent such as boric acid and its salt and / or borax are preferred as the curing agent when polyvinyl alcohol is used as the second water-soluble binder resin applied to the low refractive index layer.
- boric acid and its salts known ones can be used.
- the content of the curing agent in the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by mass and preferably in the range of 2 to 6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer. It is more preferable.
- the method for forming the reflective layer laminate is preferably formed by applying a wet coating method, and further, a high refractive index including a first water-soluble binder resin and first metal oxide particles on a transparent substrate.
- a production method including a step of wet-coating the coating solution for the refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer containing the second water-soluble binder resin and the second metal oxide particles is preferable.
- the wet coating method is not particularly limited, and for example, roll coating method, rod bar coating method, air knife coating method, spray coating method, slide curtain coating method, or US Pat. No. 2,761,419, US patent. Examples thereof include a slide hopper coating method and an extrusion coating method described in Japanese Patent No. 2,761,791.
- a sequential multilayer application method or a simultaneous multilayer application method may be used as a method of applying a plurality of layers in a multilayer manner.
- the polymer layer laminate which is another example of the light reflector according to the present invention, includes a plurality of first polymer layers having a first refractive index and second polymer layers having a second refractive index, and infrared reflection. Form a layer.
- the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer are laminated on top of each other to form a polymer layer laminate.
- the polymer material constituting the first and second polymer layers include polyester, acrylic, a blend or copolymer of polyester acrylic, and examples thereof include polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate (PEN) and naphthalene dicarboxylic copolyester (coPEN).
- PEN polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate
- coPEN naphthalene dicarboxylic copolyester
- PMMA Polymethyl methacrylate
- PBN polybutylene-2,6-naphthalate
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- naphthalene dicarboxylic acid derivative diol copolymer
- polyether ether ketone syndiotc polystyrene resin (SPS), etc.
- Specific combinations of the first polymer layer and the second polymer layer include combinations of PEN / PMMA, PET / PMMA, PEN /
- PEN 1 formed of a polyethylene naphthalate film
- PMM 1 PEN 2
- PMMM 2 PEN 3
- PEN 3 formed of a polymethyl methacrylate film
- a polymer layer laminate ML2 is formed by laminating with PMMA 3 (omitted), PEN n-1 , PMMA n , and PEN n .
- the total number of films to be laminated is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of about 150 to 1000 layers.
- the film mirror which is a light reflector according to the present invention, preferably has a reflectance of 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and 80% in the light wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm in the visible light region. More preferably, it is more preferably 90% or more.
- the reflectance is a spectrophotometer (using an integrating sphere, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation, model U-4000), and the reflectance in the region of 450 to 650 nm of the film mirror is measured at 23 ° C. and 55% RH. The average reflectance is measured to obtain the visible light reflectance.
- the minimum functional configuration of the film mirror MF is that a metal reflective layer (for example, silver reflective layer) 7 is formed on the base film 2, and the buffer layer 4 according to the present invention is formed thereon. And a self-healing layer 5 is provided.
- a metal reflective layer for example, silver reflective layer
- the film mirror MF is preferably provided with various functional layers in practice.
- an anchor layer 6 may be provided between the base film 2 and the metal reflective layer 7, and the metal reflective layer
- a resin coating layer 8 containing a corrosion inhibitor or an antioxidant on the light incident side of 7, and it is also preferable to provide an adhesive layer 9 on the resin coating layer 8, and an acrylic resin layer 10 is further formed thereon. It is also a more preferable aspect to provide.
- the adhesive layer 11 and the release sheet 12 are formed on the surface of the base film opposite to the side on which the metal layer is provided, and bonded to the substrate.
- the total thickness of the film mirror is preferably in the range of 75 to 250 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 90 to 230 ⁇ m, and still more preferably in the range of 100 to 220 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of mirror deflection prevention, regular reflectance, handling properties, and the like. Is within.
- polyester films such as polyethylene terephthalate, norbornene resin films, cellulose ester films, and acrylic films are preferable. It is particularly preferable to use a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate or an acrylic film.
- the thickness of the transparent resin film is preferably set to an appropriate thickness according to the type and purpose of the resin. For example, it is generally in the range of 10 to 300 ⁇ m. The range is preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 100 ⁇ m.
- An anchor layer consists of resin and makes a base film and a metal reflective layer contact
- the resin material used for the anchor layer is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above conditions of adhesion, heat resistance, and smoothness, polyester resin, acrylic resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin, Polyamide resins, vinyl chloride resins, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resins and the like can be used alone or a mixed resin thereof. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, a mixed resin of a polyester resin and a melamine resin is preferable, and an isocyanate or the like is further used. It is more preferable to use a thermosetting resin mixed with a curing agent.
- a method for forming the anchor layer conventionally known coating methods such as a gravure coating method in which a predetermined resin material is applied and applied, a reverse coating method, a die coating method and the like can be used.
- the thickness of the anchor layer is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 3 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m.
- the metal reflective layer is a layer made of a metal or the like having a function of reflecting 50% or more of visible light (range of 450 to 650 nm).
- the surface reflectance of the metal reflective layer is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- This reflective layer is preferably formed of a material containing any element selected from the element group consisting of Al, Ag, Cr, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mg, Rh, Pt, and Au.
- aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag) is preferably the main component from the viewpoint of reflectivity, and two or more such metal thin films may be formed.
- the metal reflection layer may be referred to as a silver reflection layer.
- the thickness of the silver reflective layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 200 nm, more preferably in the range of 30 to 150 nm, from the viewpoint of reflectivity and the like.
- a wet method or a dry method can be used as a method for forming this reflective layer.
- a typical example of the wet method is a plating method, in which a film is formed by depositing a metal from a solution. Specific examples include silver mirror reaction.
- the dry method there is a vacuum film forming method, and concrete examples include a resistance heating vacuum deposition method, an electron beam heating vacuum deposition method, an ion plating method, an ion beam assisted vacuum deposition. Method and sputtering method.
- a vapor deposition method capable of a roll-to-roll method for continuously forming a film is preferably used in the present invention.
- a method of forming a silver reflective layer by silver vapor deposition is preferably used.
- the thickness of the silver reflective layer is set in the range of 30 to 300 nm, for example, the functional film having the silver reflective layer can be used as a film mirror. More preferably, it is in the range of 80 to 200 nm from the viewpoint of durability.
- the layer thickness of the silver reflective layer in the above range, it is possible to suppress a decrease in reflectance in the visible light region due to light transmission or light scattering due to unevenness on the surface. .
- the resin coat layer is provided on the light incident side of the silver reflective layer, and is preferably adjacent to the silver reflective layer.
- the resin coat layer preferably contains a silver corrosion inhibitor or antioxidant and imparts a function of preventing corrosion and deterioration of the silver reflective layer.
- the resin coat layer may consist of only one layer or a plurality of layers.
- the thickness of the resin coat layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 2 to 8 ⁇ m.
- the binder for the resin coating layer the following resins can be preferably used.
- an acrylic resin having high resistance to ultraviolet rays is preferable from the viewpoint of light resistance.
- the corrosion inhibitor it is preferable to have an adsorptive group for silver.
- corrosion refers to a phenomenon in which metal (silver) is chemically or electrochemically eroded or deteriorated by the environmental material surrounding it (see JIS Z0103-2004).
- the optimum content of the corrosion inhibitor varies depending on the compound used, but is generally preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g / m 2 .
- Corrosion inhibitors having an adsorptive group for silver include amines and derivatives thereof, compounds having a pyrrole ring, compounds having a triazole ring such as benzotriazole, compounds having a pyrazole ring, compounds having a thiazole ring, and having an imidazole ring It is desirable to be selected from at least one of a compound, a compound having an indazole ring, a copper chelate compound, a compound having a thiol group, a thiourea, a naphthalene group, or a mixture thereof.
- an ultraviolet absorber may also serve as a corrosion inhibitor. It is also possible to use a silicone-modified resin. It does not specifically limit as a silicone modified resin.
- Examples of commercially available products include LA31 from ADEKA Corporation and Tinuvin 234 from BASF Japan Corporation.
- the antioxidant which is a corrosion inhibitor having antioxidant ability
- a hindered amine light stabilizer and a nickel ultraviolet stabilizer can be preferably used as the light stabilizer.
- JP2012-232538A the compounds described in paragraphs (0046) to (0053) of JP2012-232538A can be preferably used.
- the optimum content of the antioxidant varies depending on the compound to be used, but generally it is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g / m 2 .
- the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of improving the adhesion between the layers.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, from the viewpoints of adhesion, smoothness, reflectance of the reflector, and the like.
- the resin is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above adhesiveness and smoothness conditions, polyester resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, melamine resin, epoxy resin Resin, polyamide resin, vinyl chloride resin, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copolymer resin or the like can be used alone or a mixed resin thereof. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, a mixed resin of a polyester resin and a melamine resin is preferable. It is more preferable to use a thermosetting resin mixed with a curing agent such as isocyanate. As a method for forming the adhesive layer, conventionally known coating methods such as a gravure coating method, a reverse coating method, and a die coating method can be used.
- the adhesive layer when the adhesive layer is a metal oxide, the adhesive layer can be formed by depositing, for example, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, lanthanum oxide, lanthanum nitride, or the like by various vacuum film forming methods.
- a film can be formed by resistance heating vacuum deposition, electron beam heating vacuum deposition, ion plating, ion beam assisted vacuum deposition, sputtering, or the like.
- the acrylic resin layer is preferably a layer containing an ultraviolet absorber for the purpose of preventing deterioration of the film mirror caused by sunlight or ultraviolet rays.
- the acrylic resin layer is preferably provided on the light incident side of the resin base material, and is preferably provided on the light incident side of the metal reflective layer.
- the buffer layer according to the present invention has an ultraviolet absorbing ability, it may also serve as an acrylic resin layer, and it is also preferable to contain an ultraviolet absorber different from the buffer layer in the acrylic resin layer.
- the acrylic resin layer is a layer using an acrylic resin as a binder, and the thickness of the acrylic resin layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 200 ⁇ m.
- acrylic resin layer Sumipex Technoloy S001G 75 ⁇ m (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is an acrylic film containing a commercially available ultraviolet absorber, can be preferably used.
- Metallic glossy film It is also preferable to use a metallic glossy film as the light reflector according to the present invention.
- the metallic glossy film which is a light reflector according to the present invention preferably has a reflectance in the visible light region of a light wavelength range of 450 to 650 nm of 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, More preferably, it is 80% or more, and particularly preferably 90% or more.
- a metallic glossy film Although it is not particularly limited as a metallic glossy film, as a preferred example thereof, two polyester films are bonded together via an adhesive layer to constitute a base film, and the two polyester films are respectively A layer mainly composed of polyester A composed of polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate and a layer mainly composed of polyester B containing 25 to 35 mol% of cyclohexanedimethanol component with respect to the acid component are regular in the thickness direction. It is preferable that the film is a metallic glossy film using a base film in which the total number of layers is at least 500 layers and 600 layers or less.
- the in-plane average refractive index difference between the layer mainly composed of polyester A and the layer mainly composed of polyester B is 0.03 or more. More preferably, it is 0.05 or more, More preferably, it is 0.1 or more. When the refractive index difference is smaller than 0.03, sufficient reflectance may not be obtained.
- a polyester film to be bonded as a base film is laminated with 500 or more layers of layers composed of polyester A (layer A) and layers composed of polyester B (layer B) alternately.
- it is 500 layers or more, it is possible to have a reflectance of 70% or more in the target reflection band, and two polyester films are bonded together, and the target reflection wavelength is set in the region of 350 to 750 nm. By doing so, a laminated film having a metallic appearance can be obtained.
- the number of layers is preferably 600 layers or less.
- the method of controlling the number of layers from 500 layers to 600 layers is possible by changing the feed block.
- infrared transmittance and visible light reflectance are included. Can be balanced within the scope of the object of the present invention.
- the metallic glossy film has an average reflectance at a light wavelength of 350 to 750 nm in the range of 70 to 100%.
- the average transmittance in the light wavelength range of 900 to 1000 nm is preferably in the range of 85 to 100%, and two polyester films described later are bonded together.
- One of the polyester films to be bonded has an average reflectance of 70 to 100% at an optical wavelength of 350 to 570 nm and an average transmittance of 85 to 100% at an optical wavelength of 620 to 1000 nm.
- the other one is that the average reflectance at light wavelengths of 570 to 750 nm is preferably in the range of 70 to 100%, and the average transmittances at light wavelengths of 350 to 550 nm and 900 to 1000 nm are preferably in the range of 85 to 100%.
- the average reflectance at a light wavelength of 350 to 750 nm is in the range of 70 to 100%
- the average transmittance at a light wavelength of 900 to 1000 nm is in the range of 85 to 100%. Can be achieved.
- the thickness of the metallic glossy film is preferably in the range of 100 to 300 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of handleability. It is desirable that the thickness is 100 ⁇ m or more in order to prevent wrinkling during molding, improve handling properties, and prevent washout of the decorative film. When the thickness is 300 ⁇ m or less, curling wrinkles are not strong, and it takes less time and effort to set the sheet on the molding apparatus frame, and the productivity is high.
- the metallic glossy film can form a buffer layer and a self-healing layer according to the present invention on the surface of the polyester film having the above-described configuration, and can prevent cracks in the cured film due to surface hardness and stress such as bending.
- the metallic glossy film includes a hard coat layer, an antistatic layer, an abrasion resistant layer, an antireflection layer, a color correction layer, an ultraviolet absorption layer, a printing layer, a transparent layer.
- Functional layers such as a conductive layer, a gas barrier layer, a hologram layer, a release layer, an adhesive layer, an emboss layer, an adhesive layer, and a release layer may be appropriately formed.
- a method for producing a polyester film in which at least 500 layers of a layer mainly composed of polyester A and a layer mainly composed of polyester B used in a metallic glossy film are laminated is described below.
- a laminated film in which at least 500 layers of a layer mainly composed of polyester A and a layer mainly composed of polyester B used in a metallic glossy film are laminated is described below.
- polyester A and polyester B are prepared in the form of pellets. If necessary, the pellets are pre-dried in hot air or under vacuum and supplied to an extruder. In the extruder, the resin heated and melted to the melting point or higher is made uniform in the amount of resin extruded by a gear pump or the like, and foreign matters or denatured resin are removed through a filter or the like.
- Polyester A and polyester B sent out from different flow paths using these two or more extruders are then fed into the multilayer laminating apparatus.
- a multi-layer laminating apparatus a multi-manifold die, a field block, a static mixer, or the like can be used. Moreover, you may combine these arbitrarily. Among them, a multi-manifold die or a feed block that can individually control the layer thickness for each layer is preferable. Further, in order to control the thickness of each layer with high accuracy, a feed block provided with fine slits for adjusting the flow rate of each layer by electric discharge machining or wire electric discharge machining with a machining accuracy of 0.1 mm or less is preferable.
- the roughness of the wall surface is preferably 0.4 S or less, or the contact angle with water at room temperature is 30 ° or more.
- polyester film for use in the metallic glossy film of the present invention it is important to have an optimum laminate configuration according to the spectral characteristics of the metallic glossy film to be designed. It is particularly preferable to perform film formation with a feed block having fine slits corresponding to the band.
- the molten laminate formed in the desired layer configuration in this way is then formed into a desired shape with a die and then discharged.
- dye is extruded on cooling bodies, such as a casting drum, and is cooled and solidified, and a casting film is obtained.
- a wire-like, tape-like, needle-like or knife-like electrode it is brought into close contact with a cooling body such as a casting drum by electrostatic force and rapidly cooled and solidified, or from a slit-like, spot-like, or planar device.
- a method in which air is blown out and brought into close contact with a cooling body such as a casting drum and rapidly cooled and solidified, and a method in which the nip roll is brought into close contact with the cooling body and rapidly solidified is preferable.
- the casting film thus obtained is preferably biaxially stretched as necessary.
- Biaxial stretching refers to stretching in the longitudinal direction and the width direction. Stretching may be performed sequentially biaxially or simultaneously in two directions.
- the reflection wavelength region can be expressed as designed.
- the mass per unit area of the adhesive layer formed on one side of the polyester film is preferably about 1 to 30 g / m 2 .
- an adhesive layer having a thickness of 1 to 30 ⁇ m can be obtained.
- Weak adhesive strength is less than 1 g / m 2, peeled easily, if more than 30 g / m 2, drying property is lowered, likely to be poor appearance.
- the coating method for forming the curable adhesive layer is gravure coater, gravure reverse coater, lip coater, flexo coater, blanket coater, roll coater, knife coater, air knife coater, kiss touch coater, kiss touch reverse coater, comma Coating methods such as a coater, comma reverse coater, and micro reverse coater can be used.
- an adhesive is applied to one side of the polyester film, and then another polyester film is laminated with a laminate nip roller. At this time, it is preferable to heat-treat at 40 to 120 ° C. after applying an adhesive on one side of the polyester film, and at a nip pressure of 0.2 to 1.0 MPa on a laminate nip roller heated to 40 to 120 ° C. It is preferable to laminate the second polyester.
- the sheet In the transport zone from pasting to winding, usually there are multiple mechanisms for detecting defects and / or for absorbing tension of the sheet when adjusting tension and switching the winding roller. In order to suppress the shift in the width direction of the sheet, the sheet is conveyed at an appropriate contact angle in each conveyance roller.
- the adhesive After passing through a plurality of transport rollers, it is wound on a sheet winding core, and the resulting laminated film is wound on a roll for 20 to 60 ° C. for 24 to 168 hours for the purpose of curing the adhesive. I do. If the temperature of the heat treatment is 20 ° C. or more and the heat treatment time is 24 hours or more, the adhesive is sufficiently cured, sufficient adhesive strength can be obtained, and the film bonded in the subsequent process may be misaligned. Does not occur. Further, if the heat treatment time is 168 hours or less at 60 ° C. or less, there is not much squeezing trace of the rolled sheet, which is suitable as a decoration application.
- Decorative molding processing method and use of light reflecting film [4.1] Decorative molding processing method
- the light reflecting film of the present invention adheres to the surface opposite to the self-healing layer with respect to the light reflecting film. It is preferable to perform a decorative molding processing method in which a layer or an adhesive layer is formed, and the light reflecting film is bonded onto the substrate via the adhesive layer or the adhesive layer while being thermoformed at a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher.
- the substrate is preferably a plastic material (housing) from which a curved body can be obtained.
- the uncured monomer of the buffer layer is crosslinked and polymerized by a decorative molding process in which the light reflecting film of the present invention is bonded to the substrate while being thermoformed at a temperature of 80 ° C. or more, and the content of the uncured monomer Is 3% by mass or less, the strength of the buffer layer itself is improved, and the scratch resistance of the self-healing layer can be further improved.
- the preferred temperature is in the range of 80 to 200 ° C, more preferably in the range of 80 to 150 ° C, and particularly preferably in the range of 80 to 120 ° C.
- the adhesive layer is a constituent layer for adhering and fixing the light reflecting film of the present invention to the substrate.
- the adhesive layer is not particularly limited as long as it can adhere the light reflecting film to the substrate.
- a dry laminating agent, a wet laminating agent, an adhesive, a heat sealing agent, a hot melt agent, or the like may be used. it can.
- a polyester resin, a urethane resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, an acrylic resin, a nitrile rubber, or the like may be used.
- the laminating method in which the adhesive layer is provided on the back surface of the base film is not particularly limited, and for example, a roll-type continuous method is preferable from the viewpoint of economy and productivity.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is usually preferably in the range of about 1 to 50 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of the pressure-sensitive adhesive effect, the drying speed and the like.
- Specific materials used for the adhesive layer include, for example, “SK Dyne Series” manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd., “Oribain BPW Series”, “BPS Series” manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd., “Arcon” “Superester” “High Pale” manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Co., Ltd. An adhesive can be suitably used.
- the adhesive layer is covered with the release sheet until the film mirror is adhered to the substrate, and it is preferable to maintain the adhesive strength of the adhesive layer.
- the adhesive layer is a corrosion inhibitor, amines and derivatives thereof, compounds having a pyrrole ring, compounds having a triazole ring such as benzotriazole, compounds having a pyrazole ring, compounds having a thiazole ring, compounds having an imidazole ring, indazole It is also preferable to contain a compound having a ring, a copper chelate compound, a compound having a mercapto group, thioureas, at least one kind of naphthalene, or a mixture thereof.
- Adhesive layer Moreover, although it does not restrict
- An adhesive made of a urethane resin is cured by combining and reacting a polyol having a hydroxyl group at the terminal and a polyisocyanate, or a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the terminal and a polyol, and functions as an adhesive. .
- polyether polyol examples include polyoxyethylene polyol, polyoxypropylene polyol, polyoxyethylene-propylene copolymer polyol, polytetramethylene polyol and the like alone or a mixture thereof.
- Polyester polyols include dicarboxylic acids (such as adipic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, and phthalic acid) and glycols (such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,6-hexane glycol, and neopentyl glycol).
- Polyols such as polyethylene adipate, polybutylene adipate, polyhexamethylene adipate, polypropylene adipate, polyethylene-propylene adipate, and the like, and polylactone polyols such as polycaprolactone polyol alone or A mixture thereof, polycarbonate polyol and the like can be mentioned.
- Polyisocyanates include aromatic polyisocyanates such as 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate, carbodiimide-modified MDI, and naphthalene diisocyanate. Hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and alicyclic polyisocyanate. The above polyisocyanates can be used alone or as a mixture thereof.
- various additives such as a viscosity modifier, a leveling agent, an anti-gelling agent, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, and a pigment are used.
- a viscosity modifier such as a viscosity modifier, a leveling agent, an anti-gelling agent, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, and a pigment
- Dyes, organic or inorganic fine particles, fillers, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, and the like may be blended.
- laminated glass of the present invention is preferably produced by sandwiching the infrared reflective film, which is the light reflective film of the present invention, between two glass constituent members.
- the laminated glass of this invention is arrange
- the two glass substrates may be the same type of glass substrate or different types of glass substrates.
- the laminated glass constituent member may be a flat laminated glass constituent member or a curved glass constituent member used for a windshield of a car.
- the infrared reflective film having a buffer layer and a self-healing layer according to the present invention is excellent in application to a curved glass component.
- the laminated glass constituting member according to the present invention preferably has a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, particularly when used as a car window glass.
- the visible light transmittance can be measured using, for example, a spectrophotometer (U-4000 type, manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) using JIS R3106 (1998) “Transmissivity / Reflectivity / Solar Heat Acquisition Rate of Sheet Glasses”. It can be measured in accordance with the “Test method”.
- Examples of the laminated glass include inorganic glass (hereinafter also simply referred to as glass) and organic glass (resin glazing).
- examples of the inorganic glass include float plate glass, heat ray absorbing plate glass, polished plate glass, mold plate glass, netted plate glass, lined plate glass, and colored glass such as green glass.
- the organic glass is a synthetic resin glass substituted for inorganic glass.
- examples of the organic glass (resin glazing) include a polycarbonate plate and a poly (meth) acrylic resin plate.
- Examples of the poly (meth) acrylic resin plate include a polymethyl (meth) acrylate plate.
- inorganic glass is preferred from the viewpoint of safety when it is damaged by an external impact.
- the kind of inorganic glass is not particularly limited, but usually soda lime silica glass is preferably used. In this case, it may be a colorless transparent glass or a colored transparent glass.
- the outdoor glass substrate close to the incident light is preferably colorless transparent glass.
- the glass substrate of the indoor side far from the incident light side is a green-colored colored transparent glass or dark colored transparent glass.
- the green colored transparent glass preferably has ultraviolet absorption performance and infrared absorption performance.
- the green colored transparent glass is not particularly limited, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron is preferable.
- a soda lime silica glass containing 0.3 to 1 mass% of total iron in terms of Fe 2 O 3 in a soda lime silica base glass is preferable.
- the mass of FeO (divalent iron) is all in terms of Fe 2 O 3. It is preferably 20 to 40% by mass of iron.
- soda lime silica glass having the following composition substantially. SiO 2 : 65 to 75% by mass, Al 2 O 3 : 0.1 to 5% by mass, Na 2 O + K 2 O: 10 to 18% by mass, CaO: 5 to 15% by mass, MgO: 1 to 6% by mass, terms of Fe 2 O 3 were total iron 0.3 to 1 mass%, the total cerium CeO 2 in terms and / or TiO 2: 0.5 ⁇ 2% by weight.
- the dark transparent glass is not particularly limited, but, for example, soda lime silica glass containing iron at a high concentration is preferable.
- both the indoor side glass base material and the outdoor side glass base material is 1.5 to 3.0 mm.
- the indoor side glass base material and the outdoor side glass base material can have the same thickness or different thicknesses.
- both the indoor side glass base material and the outdoor side glass base material may have a thickness of 2.0 mm or a thickness of 2.1 mm.
- the total thickness of the laminated glass is reduced by setting the thickness of the indoor glass substrate to less than 2 mm and the thickness of the outdoor glass plate to 2 mm or more.
- the indoor glass substrate and the outdoor glass substrate may be flat or curved. Since vehicles, particularly automobile windows, are often curved, the shape of the indoor side glass substrate and the outdoor side glass substrate is often curved. In this case, the infrared reflective layer laminate is provided on the concave surface side of the outdoor glass substrate. Furthermore, if necessary, three or more glass substrates can be used.
- the method for producing the laminated glass of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, after sandwiching the infrared reflecting film of the present invention between the laminated glass constituent members G1 and G2, it is passed through a pressing roll (also referred to as a nip roll) or sucked under reduced pressure in a rubber bag. The air remaining between the glass constituent members G1 and G2 and the infrared reflective film according to the present invention is degassed. Thereafter, it is pre-adhered at about 70 to 110 ° C. to obtain a laminate. Next, the laminate is put in an autoclave or pressed and pressed at about 120 to 150 ° C. and a pressure of 1 to 1.5 MPa. In this way, a laminated glass can be obtained.
- a pressing roll also referred to as a nip roll
- the air remaining between the glass constituent members G1 and G2 and the infrared reflective film according to the present invention is degassed. Thereafter, it is pre-adhered at about 70 to
- the laminated glass can be used for automobiles, railway vehicles, aircraft, ships, buildings, and the like. Laminated glass can be used for other purposes.
- the laminated glass is preferably laminated glass for buildings or vehicles.
- the laminated glass can be used for an automobile windshield, side glass, rear glass, roof glass, or the like.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention can be suitably used for surface decoration applications of plastic casings used for home appliances, OA equipment, mobile phones, automobile interiors, and the like.
- a curved shape body having a high design property such as addition of metallic luster or a complicated pattern can be molded by the following molding method on a member having a curved shape.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention includes the buffer layer and the self-healing layer according to the present invention, the surface of the curved shape body is hardly scratched and has excellent characteristics such as high light resistance.
- the molding method is mainly a method of in-mold molding of the resin used for the substrate and the light reflecting film of the present invention by injection molding. ) Etc. can also be used. In-mold molding is further classified into in-mold lamination and in-mold transfer, and is appropriately selected.
- Example 1 Light reflector: Preparation of infrared reflective film >> [Light Reflector 1: Production of Infrared Reflecting Film 1] A polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., Cosmo Shine A4300, double-sided adhesive bonding, abbreviated as PET) was used as the transparent substrate film.
- An infrared reflective film 1 in which refractive index layers were alternately laminated was produced as follows (corresponding to FIG. 3).
- undercoat layer coating solution was applied to a transparent base film so as to be 15 ml / m 2 with an extrusion coater, and after passing through a 50 ° C. no-air zone (1 second), The substrate was dried at 120 ° C. for 30 seconds to obtain a support with an undercoat layer.
- ⁇ Preparation of deionized gelatin> Ocein from which lime was removed by performing lime treatment, water washing and neutralization treatment was extracted in hot water at 55 to 60 ° C. to obtain ossein gelatin.
- the obtained ossein gelatin aqueous solution was subjected to both ion exchanges in a mixed bed of anion exchange resin (Diaion PA-31G) and cation exchange resin (Diaion PK-218).
- the obtained colloidal silica dispersion L1 was heated to 45 ° C., and 4.0% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol (B) as a polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Nippon Vinyl Bipo-Poval Co., Ltd., JP-45: polymerization) 4500, saponification degree 86.5 to 89.5 mol%) and 760 parts of an aqueous solution were sequentially added with stirring. Thereafter, 40 parts of a 1% by weight betaine surfactant (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Sofazoline (registered trademark) LSB-R) aqueous solution was added to prepare a coating solution L1 for a low refractive index layer.
- B polyvinyl alcohol
- betaine surfactant manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Sofazoline (registered trademark) LSB-R
- the base-treated titanium compound was suspended in pure water so that the concentration when converted to TiO 2 was 20 g / L. Therein, it was added with TiO 2 amount to stirring 0.4 mole% citric acid. After that, when the temperature of the mixed sol solution reaches 95 ° C., concentrated hydrochloric acid is added so that the hydrochloric acid concentration becomes 30 g / L. The mixture is stirred for 3 hours while maintaining the liquid temperature at 95 ° C. A liquid was prepared.
- the pH and zeta potential of the obtained titanium oxide sol solution were measured, the pH was 1.4 and the zeta potential was +40 mV. Moreover, when the particle size was measured with a Zetasizer Nano manufactured by Malvern, the monodispersity was 16%.
- titanium oxide sol solution was dried at 105 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain titanium oxide powder fine particles.
- the powder fine particles were subjected to X-ray diffraction measurement using JDX-3530 type manufactured by JEOL Datum Co., Ltd. and confirmed to be rutile titanium oxide fine particles.
- the volume average particle diameter of the fine particles was 10 nm.
- a 20.0 mass% titanium oxide sol aqueous dispersion containing rutile-type titanium oxide fine particles having a volume average particle diameter of 10 nm was added to 4 kg of pure water to obtain a sol solution serving as core particles.
- Preparation of coating liquid H1 for high refractive index layer 28.9 parts of a sol solution containing core / shell particles as the first metal oxide particles having a solid content concentration of 20.0% by mass obtained above, and 10.5 parts of a 1.92% by mass citric acid aqueous solution. And 2.0 parts of an aqueous solution of 10% by weight polyvinyl alcohol (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., PVA-103: polymerization degree 300, saponification degree 98.5 mol%) and 9.0 parts of a 3% by weight aqueous boric acid solution. By mixing, a core-shell particle dispersion H1 was prepared.
- Infrared reflective film 2 composed of this multilayer polymer was prepared from coPEN and PETG ((PET co-polymerization, copolyester: manufactured by Eastman Chemicals), which comprises 90% PEN and 10%. Of about 446 layers having a substantially linear layer thickness gradient from layer to layer through the extrudate using the feedblock method (described in US Pat. No. 3,801,429). An optical layer was formed.
- PETG PET co-polymerization, copolyester: manufactured by Eastman Chemicals
- each layer was 6 ⁇ m for the transparent resin film, and the total layer thickness was 36 ⁇ m including the infrared light reflective multilayer film layer.
- a buffer layer and a self-healing layer were formed on the light reflection layer of the infrared reflection film 1 produced as described above, and a light reflection film 101 was produced.
- buffer layer ⁇ Acrylic polymer polymerized from a monomer composition containing a UV-stable monomer and a UV-absorbing monomer> 200 parts of butyl acetate is charged into a 1 liter flask equipped with a stirrer, a dripping port, a thermometer, a cooling pipe and a nitrogen gas inlet, and nitrogen gas is introduced and heated to 90 ° C. while stirring.
- 4-methacryloyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 45 parts as UV-stable monomer, 90 parts glycidyl methacrylate, 165 parts butyl methacrylate, and 2,2′-azobis (2 -Methylbutyronitrile) 1.5 parts of the mixture are added dropwise to the charge over a period of 4 hours, followed by heating for an additional 2 hours. Next, the temperature was raised to 110 ° C. while blowing a mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, and a mixture of 51 parts of acrylic acid, 0.51 part of tetraphenylphosphonium bromide as an esterification catalyst, and 0.05 part of methoquinone as a polymerization inhibitor. Is added dropwise over 30 minutes. After dropping, the mixture is further reacted for 6 hours to obtain a 65% solution of an acrylic polymer having an acryloyl group in the side chain. The acid value of this obtained solution was 15 mg KOH, and the number average molecular weight was 14,300.
- the following self-healing layer composition 1 was filtered through a polypropylene filter having a pore diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m without aging treatment on the formed buffer layer. Nitrogen is applied to the surface of the buffer layer using a micro gravure coater and dried at a constant rate drying zone temperature of 80 ° C. and a reduced rate drying zone temperature of 80 ° C., so that the atmosphere has an oxygen concentration of 1.0 vol% or less.
- an ultraviolet lamp was used to cure the coating layer with an illuminance of the irradiated part of 100 mW / cm 2 , an irradiation amount of 0.3 J / cm 2 (300 mJ / cm 2 ), and a dry layer thickness of 20 ⁇ m. Formed. Winding and roll-shaped light reflecting film 101 were produced.
- AUP-787 (manufactured by Tokushi Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight Methyl ethyl ketone 50 parts by weight Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 30 parts by weight BYK-381 (surfactant: manufactured by Big Chemie Japan) 1 part by mass
- AUP-787 is a resin composition containing urethane acrylate, a photopolymerization initiator and methyl ethyl ketone.
- Light reflecting films 102 to 107 were produced in the same manner except that the drying temperature and time of the buffer layer were adjusted to change to the uncured monomer content shown in Table 1.
- ⁇ Preparation of light reflecting film 108> In the production of the light reflecting film 104, a buffer layer was applied and cured by heating, followed by aging treatment at 35 ° C. for 3 days. Thereafter, a light reflecting film 108 was produced in the same manner except that a self-healing layer was formed. did.
- ⁇ Preparation of Light Reflecting Film 109 Comparative Example>
- a comparative light reflection film 109 was produced in the same manner except that the buffer layer was not provided and the following hard coat layer composition was used for forming the self-healing layer.
- ⁇ Preparation of Light Reflecting Film 116 Comparative Example>
- a light reflection film 116 of a comparative example was produced in the same manner except that the infrared reflection film 2 was used as a light reflector.
- Indenter shape Triangular pyramid indenter (edge angle 115 °) Measurement environment: temperature 23 ° C, relative humidity 50% Maximum test load: 196.13mN Loading speed: 6.662 mN / 10 seconds Unloading speed: 6.662 mN / 10 seconds (3) Quantification of uncured monomer in buffer layer The content of uncured monomer in the buffer layer before and after molding is determined by the following method. The results obtained are shown in Table 2.
- the sample of the light reflecting film was cut, and ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) of the buffer layer that came out was 400 ⁇ 1 to 6000 cm ⁇ 1 using FT / IR-4100 (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). Measured in the wave number range. The reflected light intensity at the following wave numbers was obtained.
- R1 the reflected light intensity of 2270 cm -1
- R2 By calculating the reflected light intensity R1 / R2 of 2950 cm -1, was quantified uncured component.
- A R1 / R2 after application of buffer layer; 100% of uncured monomer
- B After coating the buffer layer, R1 / R2 after curing at 150 ° C. for 30 min; uncured monomer 0%. From the above measurement data, the ratio MM of uncured monomer was determined by the following equation.
- Stretch molding of the light reflecting film 101 The light reflecting film was bonded to a glass curved surface of ⁇ 100 mm at a molding processing temperature of 150 ° C. Similarly, the light reflecting films 102 to 108 and 110 to 115 were respectively molded according to the combinations shown in Table 2 while changing the molding temperature to 150 ° C., 120 ° C., 80 ° C., and 70 ° C.
- Scratch resistance test reciprocating abrasion tester (manufactured by Shinto Scientific Co., Ltd., HEIDON-14DR) using a steel mounting wool (# 0000) as a wear member, the surface of each film mirror under a load of 500 g / cm 2 It was reciprocated 10 times at a speed of 10 mm / sec. The wound after the test was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- UV reflection was performed at 150 mW for 96 hours using an I-superior UV tester manufactured by Iwasaki Electric under an environment of 65 ° C., and then the regular reflectance was measured. Changes in infrared reflectance before and after the acceleration test were evaluated using the following indices.
- Reflection decrease is 0 to less than 1% ⁇ : Reflectance decrease is less than 1 to 3% ⁇ : Reflectance decrease is less than 3 to 5% ⁇ : Reflectance decrease is 5% or more
- Table 2 The configuration and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the light reflecting films 101 to 108 and 110 to 115 of the present invention provided with a buffer layer and a self-healing layer are superior in scratch resistance after being stretch-molded into a curved shape with respect to Comparative Examples 109 and 116. I understand that. Further, it was found that the light reflecting film of the present invention was excellent in light resistance due to the layer structure obtained by blending a UV-stable monomer and UV-absorbing monomer into a buffer layer to form a polymer and thermosetting.
- the structure of the light reflector 1 was superior in both scratch resistance and light resistance.
- the light reflecting film 108 formed with the self-healing layer after aging treatment after providing the buffer layer is slightly inferior to the light reflecting film 104 with the self-healing layer continuously formed. It was.
- Example 2 Light reflector: Production of film mirror and metallic gloss film >> [Light Reflector 3: Production of Film Mirror]
- a biaxially stretched polyester film (polyethylene terephthalate film, thickness 25 ⁇ m) was used as the transparent substrate film.
- a polyester resin Polyethylene terephthalate film, thickness 25 ⁇ m
- a melamine resin manufactured by Super Becamine J-820 DIC Co., Ltd.
- the obtained resin was coated by a gravure coating method to form an anchor layer having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m, and a silver reflecting layer having a thickness of 100 nm was formed on the anchor layer as a silver reflecting layer by a vacuum deposition method. Furthermore, a resin in which a polyester resin and a TDI (tolylene diisocyanate) isocyanate are mixed at a resin solid content ratio of 10: 2 on the silver reflective layer is coated by a gravure coating method to have a thickness of 3.0 ⁇ m. The resin coat layer 8 was formed, and the film mirror which is a light reflector was produced (refer FIG. 5B).
- polyester A polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.8 was used.
- Polyester B used 30 mol% cyclohexanedimethanol as an acid component and 30 mol% spiroglycol copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate as a diol component. These polyester A and polyester B were dried and then fed to an extruder.
- the merged polyester A and polyester B are supplied to a static mixer, and one slit plate having 275 slits and 274 slit plates are alternately arranged in the thickness direction comprising 275 layers of polyester A and 274 layers of polyester B.
- the 549-layer feed block which is a structure using one sheet, was joined to form a laminate in which 549 layers were alternately stacked in the thickness direction.
- the breakdown of the laminated structure is a laminated body having an inclined structure in which polyester A is composed of 275 layers and polyester B is laminated alternately in the thickness direction.
- the thus obtained laminate consisting of 549 layers was supplied to a T-die and formed into a sheet shape, and then rapidly cooled and solidified on a casting drum maintained at a surface temperature of 25 ° C. while applying electrostatic force.
- the obtained cast film was heated with a roll group set at 85 ° C. to 100 ° C., and stretched 3.2 times in the longitudinal direction, and then the aqueous coating (X) mixed with the following composition was applied to this uniaxially stretched film. did.
- Water-based paint (X) composition -Aqueous dispersion of acrylic urethane copolymer resin (a): “Sannaron” WG-658 (solid content concentration 30% by mass) manufactured by Shannan Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd. -Aqueous dispersion of isocyanate compound (b): “Elastolon” E-37 (solid content concentration: 28% by mass) manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
- Epoxy compound (c) “CR-5L” manufactured by DIC Corporation (solid content concentration: 100% by mass)
- An aqueous dispersion of a composition comprising the compound (d-1) having a polythiophene structure and the compound (d-2) having an anion structure: In 1887 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing 20.8 parts by mass of polystyrene sulfonic acid, which is a compound having an anion structure, 49 parts by mass of a 1% by mass iron (III) sulfate aqueous solution, and 3,4- 8.8 parts by mass of ethylenedioxythiophene and 117 parts by mass of a 10.9% by mass peroxodisulfuric acid aqueous solution were added.
- -Aqueous solvent pure water
- the uniaxially stretched film coated with the aqueous coating agent (X) was guided to a tenter, preheated with hot air at 100 ° C., and stretched 3.3 times in the width direction at a temperature of 110 ° C.
- the stretched film was heat-treated with hot air having a relaxation rate of 3% and 150 ° C. in a tenter, gradually cooled to room temperature, and wound up.
- a first film having a thickness of 52 ⁇ m was obtained.
- a second film having a thickness of 71 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as described above except for the thickness of the polyester film.
- the following adhesive was applied to the obtained first film at a wet thickness of 7 g / m 2 , dried at a drying temperature of 70 ° C. to 90 ° C. at a speed of 20 m / min, and then the second film and nip pressure 0.4 MPa, temperature 40 Lamination was carried out with a nip roll at 0 ° C.
- the sheet was wound after pasting, but the sheet winding part was equipped with an AC voltage application type (corona discharge type) static eliminator that generates an ionic current (ion current measuring instrument static elimination monitor SW001) of ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ A or more. did.
- AC voltage application type corona discharge type
- ionic current ion current measuring instrument static elimination monitor SW001
- a buffer layer and a self-healing layer described in Table 3 were formed on the light reflecting layer of the light reflector 4 produced in the same manner as the light reflecting films 110 to 116 of Example 1, and the light reflecting films 209 to 215 was produced.
- a spectrophotometer U-4000 type manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation was used for the sample before and after the acceleration test using the Isuperki UV Tester manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd., and the light wavelength of each light reflecting film was 450
- the average reflectance in the ⁇ 650 nm region was measured at 10 points at equal intervals in the width direction of the film in an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH to obtain the average value, and this was taken as the visible light reflectance (%).
- the change in visible light reflectance was evaluated according to the above criteria.
- the light reflecting films 201 to 207 and 209 to 214 of the present invention that reproduce Example 1 and provided with a buffer layer are superior to Comparative Examples 208 and 215 in scratch resistance after being stretch-molded into a curved shape. I understand that. It was also found that the buffer layer was excellent in light resistance due to the layer constitution obtained by blending the UV-stable monomer and UV-absorbing monomer and thermosetting.
- the structure of the light reflector 3 was superior in both scratch resistance and light resistance.
- the light reflecting film 207 formed with the self-healing layer by aging treatment after providing the buffer layer is reproduced to be slightly inferior to the light reflecting film 203 with the self-healing layer continuously formed. It was done.
- Example 3 Provide of laminated glass ⁇ Laminated glasses 301 to 309 were produced using the light reflecting films 101 to 109 produced above.
- a polyvinyl butyral film having a thickness of 380 ⁇ m was provided as a polyvinyl acetal resin film on the side of the light reflecting films 101 to 109 where the self-healing layer was not applied.
- the laminated glass using the light reflecting films 101 to 108 of the present invention is superior in scratch resistance during processing to the laminated glass using the comparative light reflecting film 109, and the buffer layer and the self-healing layer according to the present invention. It has been found that the elasticity increases by providing the material and has excellent resistance to generation of heat wrinkles during processing.
- the light reflecting film of the present invention improves the self-healing property of the stretched part when stretched into a curved surface and bonded, and has excellent scratch resistance and light resistance.
- Film mirrors and metallic glossy films, light reflecting films provided on laminated glass, home appliances, OA equipment, mobile phones, and surface decoration films for plastic casings used in automobile interiors, etc. Can do.
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Abstract
Description
1.少なくとも基材フィルムと光反射層を具備する光反射体上に自己修復層が形成された光反射フィルムであって、下記式で定義される前記自己修復層の修復度(A)が、0.02以上であり、さらに前記光反射体と前記自己修復層との間に緩衝層を設けたことを特徴とする光反射フィルム。
h1:除荷保持時間0秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
h2:除荷保持時間60秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
hmax:設定押し込み深さ(μm)
2.前記緩衝層が、紫外線安定性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種と紫外線吸収性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種とを含むモノマー組成物から重合されたポリマーを含有し、加飾成型加工する前の当該緩衝層における未硬化モノマーの割合が、5質量%以上であることを特徴とする第1項に記載の光反射フィルム。
前記光反射フィルムに対して自己修復層とは反対側の面に粘着層又は接着層を形成し、当該光反射フィルムを前記粘着層又は接着層を介して基板上に80℃以上の温度で熱成型しながら貼合することを特徴とする光反射フィルムの加飾成型加工方法。
本発明の光反射フィルムは、少なくとも基材フィルムと光反射層を具備する光反射体上に自己修復層が形成された光反射フィルムであって、下記式で定義される前記自己修復層の修復度(A)が0.02以上であり、さらに前記光反射体と前記自己修復層との間に、緩衝層を設けたことを特徴とする。
h1:除荷保持時間0秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
h2:除荷保持時間60秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
hmax:設定押し込み深さ(μm)
ここで、修復度(A)は、押し込み深さ設定負荷-除荷試験によって前記定義された式によって求められる値であり、一例として、以下の方法によって行われる。
ビッカース圧子及び稜線同士の角度が115度の三角錐圧子を用いた微小硬度計を用いて、光反射フィルム表面について、設定された押し込み深さhmax(μm)で圧子を押し込んだときの負荷試験力-押しこみ深さ曲線を作成する。そして、光反射フィルムについて除荷保持時間0秒又は60秒で測定した際に求められる残留深さ(h1、h2)より、A=(h1-h2)/hmax)を算出する。以上の測定を試料の異なる箇所で5回行い、その平均値を求め、修復度(A)とする。
測定環境:温度23℃、相対湿度50%
最大試験荷重:196.13mN
荷重速度:6.662mN/10秒
除荷速度:6.662mN/10秒
前記式で得られた修復度(A)の大きさは、自己修復性を示しており、0.02以上であれば、本願でいう自己修復性を有するといえる。すなわち、残留深さh1に対して残留深さh2の値が小さく、その差が大きいほど、自己修復層の弾性が高いといえ、自己修復度が大きいことを表す。
図2に本発明の光反射フィルムRFの最小構成を示す。
本発明に係る自己修復層は、前記微小硬度計により押し込まれた際の押し込み深さ設定負荷-除荷試験によって求められた修復度(A)が、0.02以上であることを特徴とする。前記修復度(A)は、0.02~0.90の範囲内であることが好ましく、0.20~0.70の範囲内であることが好ましい。0.02以上であれば、自己修復層が本願の自己修復性を発現することができ、0.90以内であれば、ハードコート性等の機械的膜強度に優れる。
エポキシ(メタ)アクリレートはソフトセグメントとハードセグメントとのバランスがよく、外部応力を緩和しやすい特性が得られやすい。
撹拌機、温度計及びコンデンサーを備えた四ツ口フラスコにトルエン415.8質量部、1,2,4-ブタントリカルボン酸(酸価:886)100質量部、4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレートモノグリシジルエーテル〔日本化成(株)製、4-HBAGE〕315.8質量部、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル0.1質量部を仕込み100℃まで昇温した。その後、1,2,4-トリカルボン酸が完全に溶解したことを確認し、TPP(トリフェニルホスフィン)2質量部を仕込み、同温度で24時間保持して反応を終了した。その結果、固形分50質量%、酸価4.2mgKOH/g(固形分換算)のエポキシアクリレートが得られた。収率は96.1%であった。
また、自己修復層には、活性線硬化性樹脂の硬化促進のため、光重合開始剤を含有することが好ましい。光重合開始剤量としては、質量比で、光重合開始剤:活性線硬化性樹脂=20:100~0.01:100で含有することが好ましい。光重合開始剤としては、具体的には、具体的には、アルキルフェノン系、アセトフェノン、ベンゾフェノン、ヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、ミヒラーケトン、α-アミロキシムエステル、チオキサントン等及び、これらの誘導体を挙げることができるが、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。
自己修復層には、シリコーン系界面活性剤、フッ素系界面活性剤、アニオン界面活性剤、フッ素-シロキサングラフト化合物、フッ素系化合物、アクリル共重合物等の添加剤を含有させてもよい。
自己修復層表面の滑り性を高めるため、必要に応じて微粒子(マット剤)をさらに含有してもよい。
自己修復層は、上記した成分を、溶剤で希釈して自己修復層組成物として、以下の方法で後述する緩衝層を介して光反射体上に塗布、乾燥、硬化して形成されることが好ましい。
自己修復層層組成物を塗布後、乾燥し、硬化(活性線を照射(UV硬化処理ともいう。))し、更に必要に応じて、UV硬化後に加熱処理しても良い。UV硬化後の加熱処理温度としては80℃以上が好ましく、更に好ましくは100℃以上であり、特に好ましくは120℃以上である。このような高温でUV硬化後の加熱処理を行うことで、膜強度に優れた自己修復層を得ることができる。
本発明に係る緩衝層は、耐光性を向上する観点から、好ましくは紫外線安定性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種と紫外線吸収性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種とを含むモノマー組成物から重合されたポリマーからなり、同時に自己修復層の弾性領域を拡大するために、加飾成型加工する前の緩衝層における未硬化モノマーの割合が、5質量%以上であることを特徴とする。加飾成型加工する前の緩衝層における未硬化モノマーの割合は5~80質量%の範囲内であることが好ましく、5~60質量%の範囲内であることがより好ましい。5質量%以上にすることで緩衝性が高くなる為、曲面体に貼合する時の応力緩和が良好で、80質量%以下であれば自己修復層の塑性化を防ぐ上で、より効果的である。
また本発明に係るポリマーは、モノマー組成物が下記一般式(3)、(4)で表される紫外線吸収性モノマー、及び(5)で表されるモノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含有することが好ましい。
本発明に係る緩衝層に用いられる重合性アクリルポリマーは、一般式(1)及び(2)で表される紫外線安定性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種と、官能基を有するモノマーとを含むモノマー組成物をラジカル重合して得られたポリマーに、該官能基と反応する官能基及び重合性二重結合を有する化合物を反応させて製造することが好ましい。
緩衝層を形成するその他の成分として、硬化剤、硬化促進剤、その他添加剤等を用いることができ、それらの詳細については、例えば、特開2009-269984号公報に記載されているような材料を挙げることができるが、これに限定されるものではない。
緩衝層の形成は、上記ポリマー及び必要に応じて各種添加剤を有機溶剤等に溶解して緩衝層塗布液とし、当該塗布液を光反射体上に塗布することが好ましい。塗布は、浸漬、吹き付け、刷毛塗り、カーテンフローコーター、ロールコート、スピンコート、バーコートなどの方法により行うことができる。
緩衝層中の未硬化モノマーの含有量は、以下の方法で測定できる。
光反射フィルム試料を切削し、出てきた緩衝層の固形分をATRとして400-1~6000cm-1の波数の範囲で測定する。それぞれ以下の波数の反射光強度R1及びR2が得られる。
A:緩衝層塗布後のR1/R2;熱硬化性樹脂は塗布後溶媒が揮発した段階では未硬化モノマー100%である。
上式で、(R1/R2-B)とは、測定時のR1/R2からベース強度を引いた値を表す。
本発明に係る光反射体は、その上層として本発明に係る緩衝層及び自己修復層を積層して光反射フィルムとする。当該光反射フィルムとして、光波長1000~1500nmの範囲の光反射率が、50%以上であることが好ましい。また別の形態の光反射フィルムとして、光波長450~650nmの範囲の光反射率が、50%以上であることが好ましい。
本発明に係る光反射体である赤外線反射フィルムの光学特性としては、JIS R3106(1998)で測定される可視光透過率として、好ましくは60%以上であり、より好ましくは70%以上であり、さらに好ましくは80%以上である。また、波長1000~1500nmの近赤外から赤外領域の反射率が、50%以上であることが好ましく、70%以上であることがより好ましく、80%以上であることがさらに好ましく、90%以上であることが特に好ましい。反射率は、分光光度計(積分球使用、(株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ製、U-4000型)を用い、23℃、55%RHの環境下、赤外反射フィルムの1000~1500nmの領域における反射率を測定し、その平均反射率を求め、これを赤外反射率とする。
本発明に係る光反射体に適用可能な基材フィルムとしては、透明樹脂フィルム等を挙げることができる。本発明でいう「透明」とは、可視光領域における平均光線透過率が50%以上であることをいい、好ましくは60%以上、より好ましくは70%以上、特に好ましくは80%以上である。
赤外線反射層の代表的な構成としては、前記図3を用いて説明した水溶性バインダー樹脂と金属酸化物粒子を含有する赤外線反射層が多層積層された反射層積層体ML1、又は図4を用いて説明したポリマー層積層体ML2が挙げられ、特に水溶性バインダー樹脂と金属酸化物粒子を含有する屈折率の異なる赤外線反射層が好ましい。
反射層積層体は、少なくとも1層の赤外線反射層を有していればよいが、日射に対する優れた断熱効果、電磁波透過性を発現させる観点からは、図3で例示したような反射層積層体であることが、特に好ましい態様である。
高屈折率層は、第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂及び第1の金属酸化物粒子を含有し、必要に応じて、硬化剤、その他のバインダー樹脂、界面活性剤、及び各種添加剤等を含んでもよい。
第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂とは、該水溶性バインダー樹脂が最も溶解する温度で、0.5質量%の濃度に水に溶解させた際、G2グラスフィルター(最大細孔40~50μm)で濾過した場合に濾別される不溶物の質量が、加えた該水溶性バインダー樹脂の50質量%以内であるものをいう。
本発明では、屈折率の異なる層間ではケン化度の異なる2種のポリビニルアルコールがそれぞれ用いられることが好ましい。
高屈折率層に適用可能な第1の金属酸化物粒子としては、屈折率が2.0以上、3.0以下である金属酸化物粒子が好ましい。さらに具体的には、例えば、酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛、合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ、アルミナ、コロイダルアルミナ、チタン酸鉛、鉛丹、黄鉛、亜鉛黄、酸化クロム、酸化第二鉄、鉄黒、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、チタン酸ストロンチウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化ユーロピウム、酸化ランタン、ジルコン、酸化スズなどが挙げられる。また複数の金属で構成された複合酸化物粒子やコア・シェル状に金属構成が変化するコア・シェル粒子等を用いることもできる。
高屈折率層に適用する第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂を硬化させるため、硬化剤を使用することもできる。
低屈折率層は、第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂及び第2の金属酸化物粒子を含み、更は、硬化剤、表面被覆成分、粒子表面保護剤、バインダー樹脂、界面活性剤、各種添加剤等を含んでもよい。
低屈折率層に適用する第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂として、ポリビニルアルコールが好ましく用いられる。さらに、前記高屈折率層に存在するポリビニルアルコール(A)のケン化度とは異なるポリビニルアルコール(B)が、低屈折率層に用いられることがより好ましい。なお、ここでの第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂の好ましい重量平均分子量等、ポリビニルアルコール(A)及びポリビニルアルコール(B)についての説明は、上記高屈折率層の水溶性バインダー樹脂にて説明されており、ここでは説明を省略する。
低屈折率層に適用する第2の金属酸化物粒子としては、シリカ(二酸化ケイ素)を用いることが好ましく、具体的な例として合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ等が挙げられる。これらのうち、酸性のコロイダルシリカゾルを用いることがより好ましく、有機溶媒に分散させたコロイダルシリカゾルを用いることがさらに好ましい。また、屈折率をより低減させるためには、低屈折率層に適用する第2の金属酸化物粒子として、粒子の内部に空孔を有する中空微粒子を用いることができ、特にシリカ(二酸化ケイ素)の中空微粒子が好ましい。
本発明に係る低屈折率層において、前記高屈折率層と同様に、硬化剤をさらに含むことができる。特に、低屈折率層に適用する第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂としてポリビニルアルコールを用いた場合の硬化剤としては、ホウ酸及びその塩及び/又はホウ砂が好ましい。また、ホウ酸及びその塩以外にも公知のものが使用できる。
反射層積層体の形成方法は、湿式塗布方式を適用して形成することが好ましく、更には、透明基材上に、第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂及び第1の金属酸化物粒子を含む高屈折率層用塗布液と、第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂及び第2の金属酸化物粒子を含む低屈折率層用塗布液と、を湿式塗布する工程を含む製造方法が好ましい。
本発明に係る光反射体の別の一例であるポリマー層積層体は、第1屈折率を有する第1ポリマー層と、第2屈折率を有する第2ポリマー層とを多数積層して、赤外線反射層を形成する。
本発明に係る光反射体として、可視光領域の光を反射するフィルムミラーの概要を説明する。
前述の赤外線反射フィルムで用いた透明樹脂フィルムを用いることが好ましく、詳細は前述のとおりである。
アンカー層は、樹脂からなり、基材フィルムと金属反射層とを密着させるものである。アンカー層に使用する樹脂材料は、上記の密着性、耐熱性、及び平滑性の条件を満足するものであれば特に制限はなく、ポリエステル系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、メラミン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、塩化ビニル酢酸ビニル共ポリマー系樹脂等の単独又はこれらの混合樹脂が使用でき、耐候性の点からポリエステル系樹脂とメラミン系樹脂の混合樹脂が好ましく、さらにイソシアネート等の硬化剤を混合した熱硬化型樹脂とすればより好ましい。
金属反射層は、可視光(450~650nmの範囲)を50%以上反射する機能を有する金属等からなる層である。
樹脂コート層は、銀反射層の光入射側に設けられており、銀反射層に隣接していることが好ましい。
接着層は、層同士の接着性を高める機能があるものであれば特に限定はない。接着層の厚さは、密着性、平滑性、反射材の反射率等の観点から、0.01~10μmの範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは0.1~10μmの範囲である。
アクリル樹脂層は、例えば、太陽光や紫外線によるフィルムミラーの劣化防止の目的で紫外線吸収剤を含有してなる層であることが好ましい。アクリル樹脂層は、樹脂基材よりも光入射側に設けることが好ましく、金属反射層よりも光入射側に設けることが好ましい。
本発明に係る光反射体として、金属光沢調フィルムを用いることも好ましい。
〔4.1〕加飾成型加工方法
本発明の光反射フィルムは、当該光反射フィルムに対して自己修復層とは反対側の面に粘着層又は接着層を形成し、当該光反射フィルムを前記粘着層又は接着層を介して基板上に80℃以上の温度で熱成型しながら貼合する加飾成型加工方法を行うことが好ましい。
粘着層は、本発明の光反射フィルムを基板に接着し、固定するための構成層である。
また、本発明において接着剤として特に制限されるものではないが、ウレタン系樹脂からなる接着剤が好ましい。ウレタン系樹脂からなる接着剤とは、末端にヒドロキシ基を持つポリオールとポリイソシアネート、又は末端にイソシアネート基を持つウレタンプレポリマーとポリオールを組み合わせ反応させることで硬化し、接着剤として機能するものである。
本発明の合わせガラスは、本発明の光反射フィルムである前記赤外線反射フィルムを、2枚のガラス構成部材で挟持して作製することが好ましい。
合わせガラス構成部材は、平板状の合わせガラス構成部材であっても、また車のフロントガラスに使用されるような曲面形状のガラス構成部材であってもよい。特に本発明に係る緩衝層及び自己修復層を有する赤外線反射フィルムは、曲面形状のガラス構成部材への適用に優れる。
合わせガラスとしては、無機ガラス(以下、単にガラスともいう。)及び有機ガラス(樹脂グレージング)が挙げられる。無機ガラスとしては、フロート板ガラス、熱線吸収板ガラス、磨き板ガラス、型板ガラス、網入り板ガラス、線入り板ガラス、及び、グリーンガラス等の着色ガラス等が挙げられる。上記有機ガラスは、無機ガラスに代用される合成樹脂ガラスである。上記有機ガラス(樹脂グレージング)としては、ポリカーボネート板及びポリ(メタ)アクリル樹脂板等が挙げられる。上記ポリ(メタ)アクリル樹脂板としては、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート板等が挙げられる。本発明においては、外部から衝撃が加わって破損した際の安全性の観点からは、無機ガラスであることが好ましい。
本発明の光反射フィルムは、家電、OA機器、携帯電話及び自動車の内装などに使用されているプラスチックの筐体の表面加飾用途に好適に用いることができる。
《光反射体:赤外線反射フィルムの作製》
[光反射体1:赤外線反射フィルム1の作製]
透明基材フィルムとして厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製、コスモシャインA4300、両面昜接着処理、略称:PET)を用いた。
透明基材フィルムに下記下引き層塗布液をエクストルージョンコーターで15ml/m2となるように塗布し、塗布後50℃の無風ゾーン(1秒)を経た後、120℃で30秒乾燥し、下引き層付き支持体を得た。
脱イオン化ゼラチン 10g
純水 30ml
酢酸 20g
下記架橋剤 0.2モル/gゼラチン
下記ノニオン系フッ素含有界面活性剤 0.2g
メタノール/アセトン=2/8の有機溶媒で1000mlにし、下引き層塗布液とした。
石灰処理、水洗、中和処理を行い、石灰を除去したオセインを55~60℃の熱水中で抽出処理を行い、オセインゼラチンを得た。得られたオセインゼラチン水溶液を、アニオン交換樹脂(ダイヤイオンPA-31G)とカチオン交換樹脂(ダイヤイオンPK-218)の混合ベッドで両イオン交換を行った。
重層塗布可能なスライドホッパー塗布装置(スライドコーター)を用い、下記低屈折率層用塗布液L1及び高屈折率層用塗布液H1を45℃に保温しながら、45℃に加温した、上記の下引層塗布済み支持体に、低屈折率層及び高屈折率層のそれぞれの乾燥時の層厚が130nmになるように、また最下層及び最上層を低屈折率層になるようにして、低屈折率層10層、高屈折率層8層を交互に計18層の同時重層塗布を行った。
まず、10質量%の第2の金属酸化物粒子としてのコロイダルシリカ(日産化学工業株式会社製、スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS)水溶液680部と、4.0質量%のポリビニルアルコール(株式会社クラレ製、PVA-103:重合度300、ケン化度98.5mol%)水溶液30部と、3.0質量%のホウ酸水溶液150部とを混合し、分散した。純水を加え、全体として1000部のコロイダルシリカ分散液L1を調製した。
(コア・シェル粒子のコアとするルチル型酸化チタンの調製)
水中に、酸化チタン水和物を懸濁させ、TiO2に換算した時の濃度が100g/Lになるように、酸化チタンの水性懸濁液を調製した。10L(リットル)の該懸濁液に、30Lの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(濃度10モル/L)を撹拌しながら加えた後、90℃に加熱し、5時間熟成させた。次いで、塩酸を用いて中和し、濾過後水を用いて洗浄した。 なお、上記反応(処理)において、原料である酸化チタン水和物は、公知の手法に従い、硫酸チタン水溶液を熱加水分解処理によって得られたものである。
2kgの純水に、10.0質量%の酸化チタンゾル水系分散液0.5kgを加え、90℃に加熱した。次いで、SiO2に換算した時の濃度が2.0質量%であるように調製したケイ酸水溶液1.3kgを徐々に添加し、オートクレーブ中、175℃で18時間加熱処理を行い、さらに濃縮して、コア粒子としてはルチル型構造を有する酸化チタンであり、被覆層としてはSiO2であるコア・シェル粒子(平均粒径:10nm)のゾル液(固形分濃度20質量%)を得た。
上記で得られた固形分濃度20.0質量%の第1の金属酸化物粒子としてのコア・シェル粒子を含むゾル液28.9部と、1.92質量%のクエン酸水溶液10.5部と、10質量%のポリビニルアルコール(株式会社クラレ製、PVA-103:重合度300、ケン化度98.5mol%)水溶液2.0部と、3質量%のホウ酸水溶液9.0部とを混合して、コア・シェル粒子分散液H1を調製した。
特表2008-528313号公報の実施例を参考に、透明基材フィルムとして厚さ6μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの上に、約446層を有する赤外線反射多層フィルムを共押出法により作製した(図4に対応。)。
<光反射フィルム101の作製>
上記作製した赤外線反射フィルム1の光反射層上に、下記工程にしたがって緩衝層及び自己修復層を形成して、光反射フィルム101を作製した。
〈紫外線安定性モノマー及び紫外線吸収性モノマーを含むモノマー組成物から重合されたアクリルポリマー〉
撹拌機、滴下口、温度計、冷却管及び窒素ガス導入口を備えた1リットルのフラスコに酢酸ブチル200部を仕込み、窒素ガスを導入し、撹拌しながら90℃に加熱する。紫外線安定性単量体としての4-メタクリロイルオキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン45部、グリシジルメタクリレート90部、ブチルメタクリレート165部、及び開始剤としての2,2'-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)1.5部の混合物を4時間かけて仕込物に滴下し、滴下後さらに2時間加熱する。次に、窒素と酸素の混合ガスを吹き込みながら110℃に昇温し、アクリル酸51部、エステル化触媒としてのテトラフェニルホスホニウムブロマイド0.51部、重合禁止剤としてのメトキノン0.05部の混合物を30分かけて滴下する。滴下後さらに6時間反応させて側鎖にアクリロイル基を有するアクリルポリマーの65%溶液を得る。この得られた溶液の酸価は15mgKOHで、数平均分子量は14300であった。
上記アクリルポリマー溶液を、上記赤外線反射フィルム1の赤外線反射層上に、乾燥層厚が5μmになるように塗布して、80℃、0.25分間の乾燥を行い、緩衝層を形成した。
次いで、形成した緩衝層上に、エージング処理をせずに、連続して下記の自己修復層組成物1を孔径0.4μmのポリプロピレン製フィルターで濾過したものを、マイクログラビアコーターを用いて緩衝層の表面に塗布し、恒率乾燥区間温度80℃、減率乾燥区間温度80℃で乾燥の後、酸素濃度が1.0体積%以下の雰囲気になるように窒素パージしながら、紫外線ランプを用い照射部の照度が100mW/cm2で、照射量を0.3J/cm2(300mJ/cm2)として塗布層を硬化させ、ドライ層厚20μmの自己修復層を形成した。巻取り、ロール状の光反射フィルム101を作製した。
AUP-787(株式会社トクシキ製) 100質量部
メチルエチルケトン 50質量部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル 30質量部
BYK-381(界面活性剤:ビックケミー・ジャパン社製)
1質量部
なお、AUP-787は、ウレタンアクリレート、光重合開始剤及びメチルエチルケトンを含有した樹脂組成物である。
緩衝層の乾燥温度、時間を調整して表1に記載の未硬化モノマー含有量に変化させた以外は同様にして、光反射フィルム102~107を作製した。
光反射フィルム104の作製において、緩衝層を塗布して加熱硬化した後に、35℃、3日のエージング処理を行い、その後、自己修復層を形成した以外は同様にして、光反射フィルム108を作製した。
光反射フィルム103において、緩衝層を設けず、かつ自己修復層の形成に、下記ハードコート層組成物を用いた以外は同様にして、比較の光反射フィルム109を作製した。
ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ及びヘキサアクリレート(NKエステルA
-9550、新中村化学工業(株)製) 100質量部
イルガキュア184(BASFジャパン(株)製) 5質量部
BYK-381 1質量部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル 10質量部
酢酸メチル 45質量部
メチルエチルケトン 45質量部
<光反射フィルム110~115の作製>
上記光反射フィルム101~108の作製において、赤外線反射フィルム1の代わりに、赤外線反射フィルム2を光反射体として用いた以外は同様にして、光反射フィルム110~115を作製した。
光反射フィルム109の作製において、赤外線反射フィルム2を光反射体として用いた以外は同様にして、比較例の光反射フィルム116を作製した。
(1)可視光透過率及び近赤外~赤外領域反射率の測定
赤外線反射フィルム1及び2の光波長450~650nmの範囲の透過率及び光波長1000~1500nmの範囲の反射率を、分光光度計(積分球使用、(株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ製、U-4000型)を用い、23℃、55%RHの環境下、平均透過率と平均反射率を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
上記作製した各光反射フィルムについて、ビッカース圧子及び稜線同士の角度が115度の三角錐圧子を用いた微小硬度計を用いて、各機能性光学フィルム表面について、設定した押し込み深さhmax(μm)で圧子を押し込んだときの負荷試験力-押しこみ深さ曲線を作成した。そして、各機能性光学フィルムについて除荷保持時間0秒又は60秒で測定した際に求められる残留深さ(h1、h2)(図1参照。)より、A=(h1-h2)/hmax)により算出した。以上の測定を試料の異なる箇所で5回行い、その平均値を求め、修復度(A)とした。得られた結果を表2に示した。
測定環境:温度23℃、相対湿度50%
最大試験荷重:196.13mN
荷重速度:6.662mN/10秒
除荷速度:6.662mN/10秒
(3)緩衝層中の未硬化モノマーの定量
緩衝層中の成型加工前後の未硬化モノマーの含有量を、以下の方法で測定し、得られた結果を表2に示した。
光反射フィルム試料を切削し、出てきた緩衝層のATR(Attenuated Total Reflection:全反射測定法)を、FT/IR-4100(日本分光(株)製)を用いて400-1~6000cm-1の波数の範囲で測定した。それぞれ以下の波数における反射光強度を得た。
R2:2950cm-1の反射光強度
R1/R2を算出することで、未硬化成分を定量した。
A :緩衝層塗布後のR1/R2;未硬化モノマー100%
B :緩衝層塗布後、150℃、30min硬化処理後のR1/R2;未硬化モノマー0%とし、上記測定データから、未硬化モノマーの割合MMを、次式で求めた。
(4)耐傷性
上記作製した各光反射フィルムをモデル的に曲面形状に延伸、貼合した後、下記方法にて耐傷性を測定した。
○:傷が僅かにあるが、目立たない
△:傷が目視できるが、実用上は許容内
×:傷が明らかに目視でき、表面に傷の凹凸が形成され許容外
(5)耐光性
上記作製した各光反射フィルムについて、10cm角に切り出し、耐光性の評価として各試料を下記加速試験を行い、赤外線反射率の変化を下記の方法により測定した。
分光光度計として、U-4000型((株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ製)を用い、各光反射フィルムの光波長1000~1500nmの領域における反射率を23℃・55%RHの環境下、反射面の法線に対して、入射光の入射角を5°の正反射率をフィルムの幅手方向に等間隔で10点の測定を行い、その平均値を求め、これを赤外線反射率(%)とした。
○:反射率低下が、1~3%未満
△:反射率低下が、3~5%未満
×:反射率低下が、5%以上
光反射フィルムの構成及び上記評価結果を下記表2に記載した。
《光反射体:フィルムミラー及び金属調光沢フィルムの作製》
[光反射体3:フィルムミラーの作製]
透明基材フィルムとして、二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルム(ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム、厚さ25μm)を用いた。上記ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムの片面に、ポリエステル樹脂(ポリエスター SP-181 日本合成化学工業(株)製)、メラミン樹脂(スーパーベッカミンJ-820 DIC(株)製)、TDI系イソシアネート(2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート)、HDMI(登録商標)系イソシアネート(1,6-ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート)を樹脂固形分比率で20:1:1:2に、固形分濃度10質量%となるようにトルエン中に混合した樹脂を、グラビアコート法によりコーティングして、厚さ0.1μmのアンカー層を形成し、アンカー層上に、銀反射層として、真空蒸着法により厚さ100nmの銀反射層を形成した。更に、上記銀反射層上に、ポリエステル系樹脂とTDI(トリレンジイソシアネート)系イソシアネートを樹脂固形分比率で10:2に混合した樹脂を、グラビアコート法によりコーティングして、厚さ3.0μmの樹脂コート層8を形成し、光反射体であるフィルムミラーを作製した(図5B参照。)。
特開2014-108570号公報実施例を参考にして、以下の工程によって金属調光沢フィルムを作製した。
・アクリルウレタン共重合樹脂(a)の水分散体:山南合成化学(株)製“サンナロン”WG-658(固形分濃度30質量%)
・イソシアネート化合物(b)の水分散体:第一工業製薬(株)製“エラストロン”E-37(固形分濃度28質量%)
・エポキシ化合物(c):DIC(株)製“CR-5L”(固形分濃度100質量%)
・ポリチオフェン構造を有する化合物(d-1)及び陰イオン構造を有する化合物(d-2)からなる組成物の水分散体:
陰イオン構造を有する化合物であるポリスチレンスルホン酸を20.8質量部含む1887質量部の水溶液中に、1質量%硫酸鉄(III)水溶液49質量部、チオフェン構造を有する化合物である3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン8.8質量部、及び10.9質量%のペルオキソ二硫酸水溶液117質量部を加えた。この混合物を18℃で、23時間撹拌した。次いで、この混合物に、154質量部の陽イオン交換樹脂及び232質量部の陰イオン交換樹脂を加えて、2時間撹拌した後、イオン交換樹脂を濾別して、ポリ(3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェン)とポリスチレンスルホン酸からなる組成物(d-1)+(d-2)の水分散体を得た。なお、ポリチオフェン構造を有する化合物と陰イオン構造を有する化合物の質量比(ポリチオフェン構造を有する化合物/陰イオン構造を有する化合物)は、4/6である。また、得られたポリチオフェン構造を有する化合物及び陰イオン構造を有する化合物からなる組成物(d-1)+(d-2)の水分散体の固形分濃度は1.3質量%である。
上記した(a)~(d-2)の水分散体を固形分質量比で、(a)/(b)/(c)/(d-1)+(d-2)=100/100/75/25となるように、かつ水系塗剤(X)の固形分濃度が3質量%となるように(X)を混合し濃度調整した。
三井化学ポリウレタン株式会社製ウレタンプレポリマー溶液“タケラック A-971”5質量部、“タケネート A-3”0.5質量部を酢酸エチル5質量部に溶解させたものを用いた。
<光反射フィルム201~208の作製>
上記作製した光反射体3の光反射層(樹脂コート層)上に、実施例1の光反射フィルム102~109と同様にして、表3記載の緩衝層及び自己修復層を形成して、それぞれ光反射フィルム201~208を作製した。
上記作製した光反射体4の光反射層上に、実施例1の光反射フィルム110~116と同様にして、表3記載の緩衝層及び自己修復層を形成して、それぞれ光反射フィルム209~215を作製した。
実施例1と同様にして、可視光反射率(表1に記載)、微小硬度パラメータh1、h2及び自己修復層の修復度(A)、加飾成型加工前後の未硬化モノマー割合、耐傷性、及び耐光性を評価した。
≪合わせガラスの作製≫
上記作製した光反射フィルム101~109を用いて、合わせガラス301~309を作製した。
室内側ガラスとして、厚さ3mmの平面状のグリーンガラス(可視光透過率Tv:81%、日射透過率Te:63%)、上記作製した光反射フィルム1~108、室外側ガラスとして、厚さ3mmの平面状のクリアガラス(可視光透過率Tv:91%、日射透過率Te:86%)をこの順で積層し、ガラスのエッジ部からはみ出した余剰部分を除去した後、150℃で30分間加熱し、加圧脱気して合わせ処理を行い、合わせガラス301を作製した。同様にして表4記載の温度で合わせ処理を行い、合わせガラス302~309を作製した。
合わせガラスとして下記耐傷性に加えて、熱シワの評価を行った。
合わせガラス加工において、光反射フィルム表面の加工時の傷のつきやすさについて、それぞれ作製した10枚の合わせガラスを目視で観察し以下の基準で評価した。
○:傷が僅かにあるがルーペで確認できるレベル
△:傷が確認できるレベル
×:傷が多く、全体に曇ったレベル
(2)熱シワ
合わせガラスを目視観察し、下記評価基準で加工時の熱シワの発生を評価した。
○:シワが僅かにあるがルーペで確認できるレベル
△:目視でシワが確認できるレベル
×:シワが視野を妨げるレベル
以上の評価結果を表4に示す。
1 光反射体
2 基材フィルム
3 光反射層
4 緩衝層
5 自己修復層
L 光源
WF 赤外線反射フィルム
MF フィルムミラー
6 アンカー層
7 金属層
8 樹脂コート層
9 接着層
10 アクリル樹脂層
11 粘着層
12 剥離シート
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも基材フィルムと光反射層を具備する光反射体上に自己修復層が形成された光反射フィルムであって、下記式で定義される前記自己修復層の修復度(A)が、0.02以上であり、さらに前記光反射体と前記自己修復層との間に緩衝層を設けたことを特徴とする光反射フィルム。
A=(h1-h2)/hmax
h1:除荷保持時間0秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
h2:除荷保持時間60秒で測定したときの残留深さ(μm)
hmax:設定押し込み深さ(μm) - 前記緩衝層が、紫外線安定性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種と紫外線吸収性モノマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種とを含むモノマー組成物から重合されたポリマーを含有し、加飾成型加工する前の当該緩衝層における未硬化モノマーの割合が、5質量%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光反射フィルム。
- 前記加飾成型加工した後の前記緩衝層における前記未硬化モノマーの割合が、3質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の光反射フィルム。
- 前記光反射フィルムの光波長1000~1500nmの範囲の光反射率が、50%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載の光反射フィルム。
- 前記光反射フィルムの光波長450~650nmの範囲の光反射率が、50%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか一項に記載の光反射フィルム。
- 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載の光反射フィルムを製造する光反射フィルムの製造方法であって、前記緩衝層を形成するための緩衝層塗布液を前記光反射体上に塗布し、次いで熱硬化した後にエージング処理を施すことなく、当該緩衝層上に自己修復層を形成することを特徴とする光反射フィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか一項に記載の光反射フィルムの加飾成型加工方法であって、
前記光反射フィルムに対して自己修復層とは反対側の面に粘着層又は接着層を形成し、当該光反射フィルムを前記粘着層又は接着層を介して基板上に80℃以上の温度で熱成型しながら貼合することを特徴とする光反射フィルムの加飾成型加工方法。 - 請求項4に記載の光反射フィルムを、2枚の合わせガラス構成部材で挟持してなることを特徴とする合わせガラス。
- 請求項5に記載の光反射フィルムを具備したことを特徴とする曲面形状体。
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- 2015-08-11 WO PCT/JP2015/072742 patent/WO2016027733A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2015-08-11 CN CN201580044240.4A patent/CN107076888A/zh active Pending
- 2015-08-11 US US15/320,509 patent/US20170254936A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| WO2017077839A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-04 | 2017-05-11 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 自己修復性フィルム |
| CN108367540A (zh) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-08-03 | 住友理工株式会社 | 光透过性层叠体及光透过性层叠体的制造方法 |
| EP3427942A4 (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2019-03-27 | Sumitomo Riko Company Limited | LIGHT-TRANSMITTING LAMINATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIGHT-TRANSMITTING LAMINATE |
| WO2018012541A1 (ja) * | 2016-07-14 | 2018-01-18 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学素子の製造方法、光学素子、及び光機能性フィルム |
| TWI737758B (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2021-09-01 | 日商松下知識產權經營股份有限公司 | 光反射體用成形材料及其製造方法、光反射體、基體及其製造方法以及發光裝置 |
| JP2018012279A (ja) * | 2016-07-21 | 2018-01-25 | 株式会社Monaコーポレーション | 三次元加飾用フィルム、三次元加飾成型体および三次元加飾用フィルムの製造方法 |
| CN107797334A (zh) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-13 | 柯尼卡美能达株式会社 | 光反射膜及液晶显示装置用背光单元 |
| JP7015461B2 (ja) | 2017-04-17 | 2022-02-03 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ミラーフィルム、反射光学素子、反射光学素子の成形方法及びミラーフィルムの製造方法 |
| JP2018180358A (ja) * | 2017-04-17 | 2018-11-15 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ミラーフィルム、反射光学素子、反射光学素子の成形方法及びミラーフィルムの製造方法 |
| JP7453292B2 (ja) | 2017-09-07 | 2024-03-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 投映像表示用ハーフミラーフィルム、投映像表示用の合わせガラス、および、画像表示システム |
| JP2022172201A (ja) * | 2017-09-07 | 2022-11-15 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 投映像表示用ハーフミラーフィルム、投映像表示用の合わせガラス、および、画像表示システム |
| KR102317707B1 (ko) | 2019-01-10 | 2021-10-26 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 다층 반사 필름 |
| KR20200087007A (ko) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-20 | 에스케이씨 주식회사 | 다층 반사 필름 |
| KR102037520B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-10-29 | (주)구쎈일렉트릭 | 입체감을 강화한 홀로그램 영상 재생 시스템 |
| US11543563B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2023-01-03 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Optical functional resin panel having layers of increasing surface hardness |
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| JPWO2021246402A1 (ja) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-09 | ||
| JP7483003B2 (ja) | 2020-06-03 | 2024-05-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 反射フィルム、合わせガラスの製造方法、および、合わせガラス |
| WO2022056095A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Amcor Flexibles North America, Inc. | Heat stable multilayer barrier film structure |
| RU2838960C1 (ru) * | 2020-09-11 | 2025-04-24 | Амкор Флексиблз Норт Америка, Инк. | Структура термостойкой многослойной защитной пленки |
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| RU2828495C2 (ru) * | 2021-09-09 | 2024-10-14 | Амкор Флексиблз Норт Америка, Инк. | Структура теплостойкой барьерной пленки |
| CN114779377A (zh) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-07-22 | 宁波长阳科技股份有限公司 | 一种抗折痕的涂布反射膜及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107076888A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
| JPWO2016027733A1 (ja) | 2017-06-01 |
| US20170254936A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
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