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WO2016019913A1 - 一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 - Google Patents

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016019913A1
WO2016019913A1 PCT/CN2015/086413 CN2015086413W WO2016019913A1 WO 2016019913 A1 WO2016019913 A1 WO 2016019913A1 CN 2015086413 W CN2015086413 W CN 2015086413W WO 2016019913 A1 WO2016019913 A1 WO 2016019913A1
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Prior art keywords
expansion
driving
hole
expansion sleeve
rod
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PCT/CN2015/086413
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨东佐
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an expansion fastening connection structure and a connection method for mechanically and statically coupling two or more objects, an expansion fastening connection assembly, and particularly a mechanical static connection which can replace an expansion screw, a crucible or the like on a wood product or the like.
  • Expansion joint structure and connection method of two or more objects, expansion fastening joint assembly are particularly a mechanical static connection which can replace an expansion screw, a crucible or the like on a wood product or the like.
  • ⁇ Connection ⁇ (pronounced as s ⁇ n m ⁇ o) is a combination of bumps and joints used on two wooden members.
  • the protruding part is called ⁇ (or hoe); the concave part is called ⁇ (or blinking, grooving), and ⁇ and ⁇ are engaged to play a connecting role.
  • China's ⁇ connection technology is the earliest connection technology of human beings. It is the earliest and applied detachable connection technology in human society, especially applied to wood furniture and wood buildings. These concrete structures are mainly used in the construction of the Hemudu dry-type houses, with convex squares, round plaques, double-layered bulges, dovetails and shackles.
  • a multifunctional expansion bolt for fastening members or as a built-in nut is disclosed, which is composed of an expansion plug body, an expansion core rod and a punching rod; the upper part of the expansion plug body There is a cap; the end of the expansion plug has a cross-shaped slit; the center of the expansion plug has a cylindrical threaded core hole, and the punch rod is threaded or unthreaded.
  • the expansion fastening connection structure comprises a light blind hole on the connection portion of the female body, an optical through hole on the attachment portion of the attachment body, and the optical expansion hole of the expansion plug body extending through the optical through hole on the attachment portion of the attachment body to the connection portion of the female body
  • the connection method of the expansion fastening structure comprises: when the punching rod is struck along the core hole, pushing the expansion core rod into the wall, the tail end is expanded, and the fastening function can be used; or the embedded nut can be embedded as a built-in nut In the wall, screwing into different shapes of the screw can be used for different mounting and fixing functions.
  • the disassembly method of the expansion fastening structure includes: if the multi-purpose expansion bolt needs to be removed, only the expansion core rod is punched over the tail end of the expansion plug body, and then the expansion plug body is pulled out by the pull pin, and when disassembled, Simply drill the cap with a drill.
  • the expansion bolt of this structure is embedded in the mother body by the deformation of the tail end of the expanded expansion plug.
  • the expansion screw, expansion fastening structure and connection method of the patent mainly have the following disadvantages:
  • the end can be embedded in the mother body, and the scope of use is limited. It is suitable for fastening installation or fitting nut on brick, tile, cement, wood structure and other inconvenient tapping components, and is not suitable for mechanical parts, especially metal mechanical parts.
  • the second is mainly relying on the expansion and deformation of the tail end of the expansion plug to generate a large radial static pressing force on the inner wall of the mother wall hole, the static friction force generated by the radial pressing force and the deformation of the tail end of the expansion plug body.
  • the resisting force connects the expansion plug body, the mother body and the attached body together to achieve the purpose of preventing loosening; since the inner diameter of the wall hole pre-drilled in the mother body is usually matched with the diameter of the expansion plug body, the tail end of the expansion plug body can be expanded The magnitude of the deformation is small, and the static friction force generated by the radial pressing force with the inner wall of the wall of the mother body exists only in the tail end section of the expansion plug body; when the load is large or used for vibration, the expansion plug body and A slight amount of sliding friction occurs between the walls of the mother body.
  • the expansion bolt of this structure is not suitable for occasions with large load or large vibration, and is not suitable for the case where the expansion bolt installed under the parent body is subjected to a large axial load, It is recommended that the expansion bolt is used to fasten the ceiling fan and the like; thirdly, although the expansion bolt is detachable, the expansion core rod needs to be rushed over the tail end of the expansion plug body, and then the expansion plug body is pulled out by the pull pin.
  • Patent No. 201220208899.2 discloses an expansion screw comprising a screw (1), a wedge nut (2) and a decorative sleeve (6).
  • the screw (1) is provided with a wedge sleeve (5) and a wedge nut.
  • the wedge sleeve (5) and the wedge nut (2) are provided with two half jackets (3) opposite to each other, and a spring (4) is wound between the two half jackets (3).
  • the structure of the expansion fastening structure, the two half-shells are completely installed in the mother body, through the tapered portion of the wedge sleeve through the attachment body, and then through the screw sleeve through the tapered sleeve and the wedge nut fixed to connect the attachment body to the parent body Together.
  • the connecting method and the disassembling method of the expansion fastening structure include the following steps: drilling a hole as large as a cylindrical outer casing on a wall or a ground, inserting the expansion screw into the prefabricated hole, because the triangular wedge on the wedge nut is two and a half
  • the jacket is tightened, when the screw is tightened, the wedge nut is close to the wedge sleeve, and the two half sleeves are opened and the prefabricated hole is expanded to achieve the purpose of fastening; when the screw is loosened, the wedge nut is away from the wedge sleeve, and the two half jackets are
  • the expansion screw can be removed by shrinking together under the action of the spring.
  • the expansion screw, expansion fastening structure and connection method of the patent although the expansion screw and the mother body are not damaged during disassembly, still have the following disadvantages: First, the connection force between the two half jackets and the mother body is still inflated. The static friction force, the connection force between the attached body and the mother body is the pre-tightening static friction force between the screw and the wedge nut, so the force in the axial direction is very strong. Small, the shortcomings of the threaded connection will be reflected at any time; second, the two half-shells cannot be axially positioned in the mother body.
  • Patent No. 201210245807.2 discloses a method for opening a wall hole fixing object on a building and an expansion bolt and a special cooker used in the method.
  • the method mainly comprises the following steps: drilling a blind according to a conventional method Hole; use a special cookware to pry the reaming hole with a diameter larger than the diameter of the blind hole at the bottom of the blind hole and form a stepped surface; the expansion bolt is inserted into the blind hole; the fixed object is installed; after the washer is put on, the nut is tightened with a wrench.
  • the tail of the screw gradually presses the flap of the tail of the expansion sleeve to gradually bend outward, and finally forms a flange which is hooked to the step surface.
  • the invention patent although the sliding static friction force generated by the radial pressing force between the flap of the expansion sleeve and the concrete is changed into the axial resistance of the valve to the concrete, by thickening the thickness of the flap, further
  • the method of improving the anti-dropping performance of the expansion bolt and preventing the object from falling, the method for opening the wall hole fixing object on the building and the expansion bolt and the special cooking utensil used in the method have the following disadvantages: First, the expansion sleeve tail portion The flap is formed by the deformation and the reaming, and cannot be precisely matched with the reaming.
  • the flap of the tail of the expansion sleeve is in line contact with the reaming, and the position of the flap at the end of the expansion sleeve and the reaming line are generated.
  • a large stress concentration causes the breakage at this point, and the expansion sleeve cannot be made into a high strength and is easily broken due to the need for deformation, and therefore the sliding static friction force generated by the radial pressing force between the flap of the expansion sleeve tail and the concrete It becomes the axial resistance of the valve to the concrete, but the fixing is still very unreliable;
  • the second is to ream the hole in the building, the building is made of concrete material, and the tail of the expansion sleeve
  • the large stress generated by the line contact position of the flap causes the concrete to fall off, and a large axial gap is easily generated between the parent body, the attached body and the expansion bolt, which seriously affects the fixing effect; the third is between the attached body and the parent body.
  • Patent No. 201120031423.1 discloses a rapid expansion anchor bolt, and a plurality of outer sleeve anti-skid projections are arranged on the outer sleeve tensioning blade, and the anti-slip projection only acts to increase static friction, and there is no
  • the function of the resistance is also a threaded connection with all the disadvantages of the threaded connection.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing low-hardness materials of the parent member such as wood, plastic, etc., and to use threaded connecting threads such as screws or bolts to easily slide the wire, and to be loosely connected by the ⁇ structure, and to be embedded.
  • the technical problem of complicated process and high cost provides that the hardness of the material of the parent component is much lower than the hardness of the material of the expansion fastening component, and the matrix structure and the attachment component are connected by the integral structure in the axial direction, and the expansion is relied on
  • the static frictional force of the expansion and the abutting force embedded in the parent member connect the parent member and the expansion member together, and the expansion member and the attachment member are connected together by the abutting force, even if the load is large, especially the axial load is large, or the vibration is large. In the case of bad occasions, the connection will not fail, the connection is very reliable, the expansion fastening assembly and the expansion fastening structure.
  • An expansion fastening connection structure comprising an expansion fastening connection assembly, a parent member, and an attachment member;
  • the expansion fastening connection assembly comprises a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member constitutes an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • the expansion member is a stamping member stamped from a metal sheet; each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body having a peripheral surface and a hole in the base member and a through hole in the attachment member, and is inward on the inner circumference of the expansion member body Stamping to form an inner convex portion; on the outer circumference of the expansion member body, punching outwardly to form a pointed protrusion for embedding the low-hardness material of the parent member, and punching and bending at the end portion of the expansion member body to form an axial direction of the expansion sleeve Positioning, fixing the attachment member to the base member and radially protruding the positioning abutting portion of the expansion member body; the inner convex portion is provided with an expansion cone surface matched with the driving cone surface; and the outer circumference of the expansion member body Forming a recess on the surface corresponding to the position of the inner convex portion;
  • the driving core member is installed in the driving core member accommodating space, and the expanding member body is installed in the hole on the female member and the through hole in the attached member;
  • the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve protrudes from the through hole on the attachment member and is axially resisted and positioned by the attachment member;
  • the pointed protrusion is embedded in the parent member, and the outer peripheral surface of the expansion member body of the expansion member that is held together is distributed on the same circumferential surface, and is tightly fitted with the circular hole in the parent member; the female member is inflated
  • the expansion static friction force of the circular hole of the parent member and the abutting force of the tip protrusion embedded in the parent member cooperate to axially resist, the attachment member is axially resisted by the positioning resisting portion, and the expansion sleeve connects and fixes the attachment member and the parent member. together.
  • connection method for an expansion fastening structure comprising the following steps:
  • an expansion fastening assembly comprising a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member forming an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • the expansion member is a stamping member stamped from a metal sheet, and each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body that cooperates with a hole in the base member and a through hole on the attachment member, and is stamped and formed on the inner circumference of the expansion member body.
  • a cylindrical surface of the driving core rod and a convex surface of the expansion cone are stamped to form a concave portion at a position corresponding to the convex portion on the outer circumferential surface of the expansion sleeve body;
  • a tip protrusion formed on the outer circumference of the body of the expansion member which is formed by outward punching and folding, and is used for embedding a low-hardness material, and is bent and bent at the end of the body of the expansion member to form an axial position of the expansion sleeve.
  • the attachment member abuts against the positioning member of the body member and radially protrudes from the expansion member body;
  • the maximum distance from the positioning abutting portion to the axis of the expansion body is greater than the maximum distance from the tip protrusion to the axis of the expansion body;
  • the driving core member is installed in the driving core member accommodating space, the through hole on the attached body member faces the hole in the parent member, and the expansion member body of the expansion sleeve extends through the through hole in the attached member to extend into the female member In the upper hole, the attachment member of the expansion sleeve is positioned to resist axial positioning, and the expansion member body is mounted in the hole on the parent member and the through hole on the attachment member;
  • the driving core member drives the expansion sleeve to expand, and the radial expansion of each of the expansion members
  • the expansion sleeve secures the attachment member to the parent member.
  • the expansion member body is mounted in the hole on the base member and the through hole on the attachment member, the drive core member is mounted in the drive core member accommodation space, and the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve protrudes from the through hole on the attachment member, and
  • the attached member resists positioning; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the expansion member body and the hole of the parent member are tightly fitted to form an expansion static friction force, the tip protrusion is embedded in the parent member to form a resisting force, and the positioning resisting portion applies the attached member.
  • the abutting force in the axial direction, the expansion sleeve connects and fixes the attachment member and the parent member.
  • An expansion fastening assembly comprising a drive core member and two or more expansion members; the expansion member forming an expansion sleeve for holding the drive core member;
  • a driving cone surface for driving expansion of the expansion sleeve is disposed on the driving core member
  • a driving core member accommodating space is disposed in the expansion sleeve, and a expansion taper surface matched with the driving cone is disposed on the wall of the driving core member accommodating space;
  • Each of the expansion members includes an expansion member body that cooperates with a hole in the base member and a through hole on the attachment member, and a tip protrusion for inserting the parent member of the low-hardness material is provided on the outer circumference of the expansion member body.
  • the end portion of the expansion member body is further provided with a positioning portion resisting the axial direction of the expansion member, the auxiliary member is resisted and fixed on the female member, and the expansion member body is radially protruded;
  • the driving core rod includes a head and a head a large light rod portion connected to the portion, a driving cone connected to the large light rod portion at the big end, and a small rod connected to the driving cone;
  • the driving core housing accommodating space is matched with the large rod portion, the driving cone and the small rod of the driving core rod portion
  • a positioning resisting receiving groove capable of completely accommodating the positioning abutting portion is provided at a head of the expanding core rod.
  • each of the pointed projections is one or more sharp spikes formed by punching and then folding.
  • each of the pointed protrusions is a convex hull formed by punching, and a through hole is formed on the convex hull.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a cap; the cap includes an inner cavity, a buckle is protruded from a bottom surface of the inner cavity; an anti-slot groove is disposed on the expansion sleeve or the driving core member; and the expansion sleeve is fully expanded
  • the cap is snap-fitted onto the abutment groove to be fitted with the expansion sleeve or the drive core member, the expansion sleeve protruding the parent member and/or the attachment member, or the expansion sleeve protruding from the parent member and/or the attachment member And driving the core member is received in the inner cavity of the cap.
  • the expansion fastening assembly further includes a cap; the cap includes an inner cavity, a protrusion on the bottom surface of the inner cavity, a threaded hole in the protrusion; and a convex expansion sleeve on the driving core Threaded portion; in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve, the threaded hole of the cap is threaded on the driving core rod, and the protruding female
  • the expansion sleeve of the body member and/or the attachment member, or the expansion sleeve and the drive core member of the protruding parent member and/or the attachment member are received within the lumen of the cap.
  • the cap is provided to cover the expansion sleeve and the driving core member, and the appearance is not only beautiful, but also dustproof, waterproof, anti-sunlight, etc., which greatly reduces the damage of the expansion fastening component to the external environment, and greatly improves the expansion tightness. Connection reliability and service life of solid connection components. Caps can be placed only on the side facing the environment, such as outdoors. If the environment on both sides is bad, caps should be provided on both sides.
  • the driving core member comprises a core rod, and a cap is integrally formed at an end of one end of the core rod; the cap includes an inner cavity; and the expansion sleeve of the parent member and/or the attached member is protruded in a fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve The expansion sleeve and the drive core protruding from the parent member and/or the attachment member are received within the inner cavity of the cap.
  • the spring further comprises a spring receiving groove radially on the outer peripheral surface of each of the expansion members, and the expansion members of the two or more petals are assembled by the spring to form an expansion sleeve, and the spring is completely accommodated in the spring capacity.
  • the expansion on the expansion sleeve is hung on the driving cone surface; the positioning resisting portion on the expansion sleeve is circumferentially distributed to form a broken independent ring.
  • the driving core member is installed in the accommodating space of the driving core member, and then the expansion members of the two lobes or more are assembled by the spring to form the expansion sleeve so as not to be separated, and the expansion fastening assembly is assembled at the factory, and during transportation. It won't spread out, it's more convenient, fast and easy to use.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving core rod comprises a small rod provided with a thread, and the first formed by the driving cone surface connected to the small rod a driving cone, a first straight beam portion connected to the big end of the first driving cone; a driving core receiving space of the expansion sleeve in an unexpanded state, a small rod for driving the core rod, a first driving cone, and a first straight beam
  • the driving core housing accommodating space further comprises a nut accommodating groove matched with the driving nut; the driving nut is installed in the nut accommodating groove, and the small rod of the driving core rod extends into the driving nut and is screwed with the driving nut, and the driving core The rod is mounted in the expansion sleeve.
  • the positioning resisting portion of the expansion sleeve is axially resisted by the attachment member, and the expansion sleeve has no axial movement, and the driving core rod causes the first driving cone to generate axial movement toward or away from the direction of the driving nut.
  • the driving core rod causes the first driving cone to generate an axial movement toward the driving nut, and the first driving cone of the driving core rod slides relative to the first expansion tapered surface of the expansion sleeve, and the expansion sleeve expands.
  • connection force is the axial abutting force of the wedge-shaped abutting portion of the expansion sleeve to the female member and the axial abutting force of the positioning member of the expansion sleeve against the attachment member.
  • the drive mandrel is not directly connected to the parent member and the appendage member, and is only used to drive the expansion sleeve to expand.
  • the driving core rod has a small force, so although the threaded engagement between the driving core rod and the driving nut is not easy to cause the connection failure of the sliding wire.
  • the driving core rod further comprises a connecting cone connecting the big end with the first straight light rod portion, a second straight light rod portion connected to the small end of the connecting cone, the small end connected to the second straight light rod portion, and the first formed by the driving cone surface Two drive cones,
  • the third straight beam portion connected to the large end of the second driving cone, the driving core receiving space is also matched with the connecting cone, the second straight rod portion, the second driving cone, and the portion of the third straight rod portion.
  • the expansion fastening assembly of the structure, the first driving cone and the second driving cone on the driving core rod are used to drive the expansion sleeve expansion, and the expansion sleeve expands more evenly due to the expansion mode of the double driving, and the expansion effect is more Ok, so that the connection works better.
  • the driving core member is a driving core rod
  • the driving core rod includes a small end of the light rod
  • the driving cone formed by the driving cone surface is connected with the small end and cooperates with the expansion cone surface in the expansion sleeve.
  • the body, the straight light rod portion connected to the big end of the driving cone, is connected to the straight light rod portion and radially protrudes from the resisting portion of the straight light rod portion.
  • connection When the connection is realized, the driving core rod is directly knocked into the expansion sleeve to fully expand the expansion sleeve.
  • the expansion and fastening connection assembly of this structure has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the driving core member comprises a driving core rod, a driving nut matched with the driving core rod;
  • the driving nut comprises a driving cone formed by the driving cone surface, a threaded hole disposed at the axial center position;
  • the driving core The rod includes a small end provided with a threaded portion that cooperates with a threaded hole of the drive nut, a small end that is coupled to the small end and that cooperates with the expansion cone in the expansion sleeve, a drive cone formed by the drive cone, and a large end of the drive cone
  • the connected straight light rod portion is connected with the straight light rod portion and radially protrudes from the resisting portion of the straight light rod portion; in the unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve, the driving core housing receiving space and the driving nut, the small end portion of the driving core rod, the driving cone
  • the body, a part of the straight light rod portion and the resisting portion are matched; the small rod of the driving core rod is screw-fit
  • the rotary drive core rod can drive the driving cone of the driving core rod and the driving cone of the driving nut to slide relative to the corresponding expansion cone of the expansion sleeve to realize the expansion of the driving expansion sleeve. Since two expansion cones with opposite taper angles are arranged in the expansion sleeve, the two-direction multi-drive expansion is realized, so that the expansion process of the expansion sleeve is more balanced and the expansion effect is better, so that the connection effect is better.
  • the tip protrusion of the expansion member is embedded in the parent member, and the hoe of the ⁇ structure protrudes into the mortise, and the connection is very Reliable without the need to process the blink, the cost is much lower than the ⁇ structure.
  • the expansion member body and the hole of the parent member are tightly fitted to generate a static friction force, and on the other hand, the tip protrusion is embedded in the parent member to form an axial abutting force and a tight fit static friction force to expand the expansion member and the parent member.
  • the abutment members of the expansion members are used to couple the attachment member and the expansion member together by the abutting force of the expansion member, such that the expansion fastening assembly connects the attachment member with the parent member.
  • the connection force between the expansion fastening joint assembly and the parent member and the attachment member in the expansion fastening structure is not only the expansion static friction force, the connection force is greatly increased, the connection is very reliable, and the load is large, especially the axial load is large. In the environment with high vibration, no connection failure will occur.
  • the advantage of relying on the pre-tightening and static friction connection with the parent member is that it can be completely overcome.
  • the connection is more reliable than the ⁇ connection method which relies solely on the expansion static friction.
  • the invention completely breaks the static mechanical friction of the existing screw-connected screw or bolt by the pre-tightening, the mechanical static connection of the expansion screw or the expansion bolt, the expansion static friction force generated by the expansion or the deformation caused by the deformation of the expansion member Force to connect the inertial thinking of the object.
  • the pointed protrusion of the expansion member is processed in advance, and is not formed by expansion deformation.
  • the expansion member is designed to have two lobes (in which the expansion sleeve has the best effect of three lobes), and the expansion member does not deform during the expansion process.
  • the first is that the number and shape of the cusps can be freely designed according to the force, so It can bear a large external force as needed and the connection is very reliable.
  • the part of the expansion body corresponding to the hole on the parent member is completely tightly fitted with the hole on the mother member, which can provide greater expansion and static friction.
  • the driving core member only serves to expand the expansion member, and the auxiliary member is not fixed to the female member by the fastening member that is screwed with the driving core member, and the force of the core member is driven in the expanded state of the expansion member. Very small, even if the drive core member uses a threaded connection, it is almost impossible to cause the screw connection to fail, so that the fixing of the core member and the expansion member in the fully expanded state of the expansion sleeve is also very reliable.
  • the expansion sleeve is formed by stamping a metal sheet, and the tip protrusion on the formed expansion sleeve is simple in process, low in cost, and easy to form a sharp spur, which facilitates the embedding of the parent member in the expansion process.
  • the cooperation between the driving taper surface and the expansion taper surface only needs to have the same taper of the driving taper surface and the expansion taper surface, so that the driving core member can drive the expansion sleeve to expand, and the curvature can be different.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing the expansion fastening structure of the first embodiment of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the expansion fastening assembly of the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective exploded view of the expansion fastening assembly of the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a front elevational view showing the expansion and fastening joint structure of the first embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the expansion sleeve is fully expanded.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 2 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the expansion fastening assembly of the embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the center position of one of the expansion members of the expansion joint of the embodiment 3 of the present invention in an unexpanded state of the expansion sleeve.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective exploded view of the expansion fastening assembly of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective exploded view of the expansion fastening assembly of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • an expansion fastening structure includes an expansion fastening joint assembly 1, a base member 2, and an attachment member 3.
  • a circular blind hole 4 is provided in the parent member 2, and a circular through hole 5 is provided in the attached member 3.
  • the expansion fastening joint assembly 1 comprises a drive core member, an expansion sleeve 7 composed of a plurality of expansion members 6 having the same three-lobed structure, a spring 8, and a spring 9.
  • the drive core member includes a drive core rod 10, a drive nut 11 that cooperates with the drive core rod 10.
  • the drive nut 11 includes a drive cone 12, a cylindrical straight rod portion 13 connected to the large end of the drive cone 12, a threaded hole 14 disposed at the axial center position, and is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the drive cone 12 and the straight rod portion 13
  • the combination of the adjacent two-lobed expansion members 6 of the expansion sleeve 7 engages with the gap-stopping ribs 15.
  • the drive spindle 10 includes a small rod 17 provided with an externally threaded portion 16 that cooperates with a threaded bore 14 of the drive nut 11, a drive cone 18 coupled to the small rod 17, and a cylindrical straight connection to the large end of the drive cone 18
  • the light rod portion 19 is connected to the straight light rod portion 19 and radially protrudes from the cylindrical resisting portion 20 of the straight light rod portion 19, and an inner hexagonal hole 21 is provided on the end surface of the resisting portion 20.
  • the axial length of the drive cone 12 is equal to the axial length of the drive cone 18, and the taper is the same for synchronous drive.
  • the three-lobed expansion member 6 is held on the drive nut 11 and the drive core rod 10 to form an expansion sleeve 7.
  • the expansion member 6 is a stamped product stamped from a metal sheet.
  • Each of the expansion members 6 includes an expansion member body 22 whose outer peripheral surface cooperates with the circular blind hole 4 on the parent member 2 and the circular through hole 5 on the attachment member 3; the inner circumference of the expansion member body 22 is inwardly punched to form a convex portion a portion 23; a tip protrusion 24 for inserting the parent member 2 and the attachment member 3 for inserting the low-hardness material on the outer circumference of the expansion member body 22; and punching and bending at the end of the expansion member body 22 Forming a positioning resisting portion 25 for axially positioning the expansion sleeve 7 to abut the fixing member 3 against the female member 2 and radially projecting the expansion member body 22; further forming an inwardly on the outer circumference of the expansion member body 22
  • the annular spring receiving groove 26 and the spring receiving groove 27 are provided.
  • the recessed portion 28 is stamped at a position corresponding to the inner convex portion 23 on the outer peripheral surface of the expander body 22.
  • the convex portion 23 is provided with an expansion tapered surface 29 which is engaged with the driving cone 12 of the driving nut 11 and has the same taper, and an expansion tapered surface 30 which is matched with the driving cone 18 of the driving core rod 10 and has the same taper degree, and The connecting curved surface 31 of the expansion tapered surface 29 and the expansion tapered surface 30 is connected.
  • Each of the pointed projections 24 is a convexly formed convex hull, and the pointed projections 24 are broken to form the through holes 32.
  • the maximum distance from the positioning abutment 25 to the axis of the expander body 22 is greater than the maximum distance of the pointed projection 24 to the axis of the expander body 22.
  • the threaded hole 14 of the drive nut 11 is screwed onto the drive spindle 10, between the small end of the drive cone 12 of the drive nut 11 to the small end of the drive cone 18 of the drive spindle 10
  • the axial distance is slightly smaller than the axial length of the connecting curved surface 31.
  • the anti-rotation rib 15 of the drive nut 11 projects into the coupling gap of the adjacent two-lobed expansion member 6.
  • the expansion cone 6 is held by the expansion taper 29 on the drive cone 12, and the expansion nut 6 is engaged with the drive nut 11 and the expansion cone 30 to engage the drive cone 18 to position the expansion member 6 and the drive core rod 10.
  • the three-valve expansion member 6 is coupled to the drive nut 11 and the drive core rod 10 by the spring 8 and the spring nut 9 to be automatically separated from each other to complete the connection of the expansion fastening assembly 1 .
  • the spring 8 is completely received in the spring receiving groove 26 .
  • the spring 9 is completely housed in the spring receiving groove 27.
  • the expansion sleeve 7 is provided with one end of the pointed projection 24 extending through the circular through hole 5 in the attachment member 3 into the circular blind hole 4 on the female member 2, and the expansion member body 22 is mounted on the circular blind hole 4 of the female member 2. And in the circular through hole 5 in the attachment member 3, the positioning abutting portion 25 of the expansion sleeve 7 protrudes from the circular through hole 5 on the attachment member 3 by the axial direction of the attachment member 3.
  • the pointed projection 24 is embedded in the parent member 2 and the attachment member 3, and the outer peripheral surface 33 of the expansion member body 22 of the expansion member 6 held together is distributed on the same circumferential surface, and the parent member 2
  • the hole wall of the inner blind hole 4 is tightly fitted, and the parent member 2 is axially resisted by the expansion static friction force of the expansion sleeve 7 and the circular hole of the parent member 2 and the abutting force of the tip protrusion 24 embedded in the parent member 2.
  • the body member 3 is axially resisted by the abutting force of the positioning abutting portion 25 and the tip protrusion 24 embedded in the appendage member 3, and the expansion sleeve 7 connects and fixes the appendage member 3 and the parent member 2 together.
  • the resisting portion 20 is resisted by the positioning abutment portion 25 of the expansion sleeve 7.
  • connection method for an expansion fastening structure comprising the following steps:
  • the threaded hole 14 of the drive nut 11 is screwed onto the drive core 10, and the axial distance between the small end of the drive cone 12 of the drive nut 11 to the small end of the drive cone 18 of the drive core 10 is slightly smaller than the connection curved surface 31.
  • the three-lobed expansion member 6 is hug on the drive nut 11 and the drive core rod 10.
  • the rotation-preventing rib 15 of the drive nut 11 extends into the joint gap of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 6, and is held by the expansion cone 29
  • the positioning expansion member 6 on the driving cone 12 and the driving nut 11, the expansion cone 30 is hung on the driving cone 18 to position the expansion member 6 and the driving core rod 10;
  • the spring 8 is mounted in the spring receiving groove 26, and the spring 9 is mounted in the spring receiving groove 27 to sandwich the three-lobed expansion member 6 with the driving nut 11 and the driving core rod 10 to complete the expansion fastening assembly. 1 connection;
  • a force toward the axial direction of the appendage member 3 is applied to the expansion sleeve 7, the attachment member 3 abuts against the parent member 2, the positioning abutment portion 25 abuts against the attachment member 3, and the expansion sleeve 7 is attached by the positioning abutment portion 25.
  • the body member 3 is axially resisted and positioned;
  • the driving nut 11 is synchronously moved by the screwing engagement with the driving core rod 10, and the driving cone 12 of the driving nut 11 slides on the expansion tapered surface 29, and the driving cone 18 of the driving core rod 10 is expanded.
  • the expansion sleeve 7 is slidably driven by the sliding surface 30, and each of the expansion members 6 is only moved radially, and the pointed projections 24 are embedded in the female member 2 and the attachment member 3; the resisting portion 20 is positioned by the expansion sleeve 7 to resist the portion 25. Resist, the expansion sleeve 7 is fully expanded;
  • the expansion sleeve 7 connects and fixes the attachment member 3 to the parent member 2.
  • the driving core member is a driving core rod 61.
  • the driving core rod 61 includes a small rod 62 of a polished rod, a driving cone 63 connected to the small rod 62, and a driving.
  • the inner peripheral surface 66 of the expander body 65 of the expansion member 60 is a circular arc surface concentric with the outer peripheral surface 67 of the expander body 65.
  • the inner convex portion 68 of the expansion member 60 is provided with an expansion tapered surface 69 which is fitted to the driving cone 63 and has the same taper, and a cylindrical curved surface 70 which is connected to the small end of the expansion tapered surface 69.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 70 is equal to the outer diameter of the straight beam portion 64.
  • the diameter of the outer peripheral surface 67 of the expander body 65 is equal to the diameter of the circular blind hole 72 on the parent member 71 and the circular through hole 74 on the attachment member 73.
  • the driving vertebral body 63 of the driving core rod 61 abuts against the expansion tapered surface 69.
  • the straight light rod portion 64 and the wall of the cylindrical curved surface 70 are fitted together by surface-to-face engagement, and the outer circumferential surface 67 of the expansion member body 65 is distributed on the same circumferential surface, with the parent member 71
  • the hole wall of the circular blind hole 72 and the hole wall of the circular through hole 74 on the attachment member 73 are tightly fitted.
  • Connection methods include:
  • the three-lobed expansion member 60 is hug on the driving core rod 61, and is hung on the driving cone 63 by the expansion cone 69 to position the expansion member 60 and the driving core rod 61;
  • the three-lobed expansion member 60 and the driving core rod 61 are not automatically separated by the spring 76 and the spring 77;
  • One end of the expansion sleeve 75 with the pointed protrusion 79 is inserted through the circular through hole 74 of the attachment member 73 into the blind hole 72 in the parent member 71;
  • the driving core rod 61 is axially moved relative to the expansion sleeve 75, and the expansion sleeve 75 is slid and driven on the expansion cone 69 by the driving cone 63, and the expansion member 60 is radially moved.
  • the projection 79 is fitted into the parent member 71 and the attachment member 73; the outer peripheral surface 67 of the expansion member body 65 is tightly connected to the hole wall of the circular blind hole 72 on the parent member 71 and the hole wall of the circular through hole 74 on the attachment member 73.
  • the expansion sleeve 75 After the expansion sleeve 75 is fully expanded, the expansion sleeve 75 is no longer moved in the radial direction and remains in the fully expanded state, the drive core rod 61 continues to move relative to the axial direction of the expansion sleeve 75, and the straight rod portion 64 passes over the small rod of the expansion cone 69. 62 until the expansion sleeve 75 and the driving core rod 61 are completely mounted to the set position, and the driving core rod 61 stops driving;
  • the expansion sleeve 75 connects and fixes the attachment member 73 to the parent member 71.
  • the driving core 91 includes a small rod 92 provided with a threaded portion 90, a driving cone 93 connected to the small rod 92, and a straight end connected to the large end of the driving cone 93.
  • the light rod portion 94, the cap 95 of the straight light rod portion 94 is radially protruded, the inner cavity 98 of the positioning resisting portion 97 for accommodating the expansion sleeve 96 is provided on the cap portion 95, and the hexagon socket blind hole 101 is provided on the end surface of the cap portion 95. .
  • the positioning abutment portion 97 of the expansion sleeve 96 is completely received in the inner cavity 98, and the cap 95 completely covers the positioning abutment portion 97 of the expansion sleeve 96 and the tuck on the attachment member 99. Hole 100.
  • each of the pointed protrusions 121 on the expansion member 120 is two sharp protrusions 122 and sharp spikes 123 formed by punching and then folding.
  • each of the pointed protrusions 141 on the expansion member 140 is four sharp protrusions 142, sharp spikes 143, sharp spikes 144, and sharp spikes 145 formed by punching and then folding.
  • the driving core member includes a driving core rod 141 and a driving nut 142 that cooperates with the driving core rod 141.
  • the driving core rod 141 includes a small rod 143 provided with a thread, a first driving cone 145 connected to the small rod 143 for driving the expansion of the expansion sleeve 144, and a cylindrical first straight connected to the large end of the first driving cone 145.
  • the light rod portion 146 has a connecting cone 147 with a large end connected to the first straight rod portion 146, a cylindrical second straight rod portion 148 connected to the small end of the connecting cone 147, and a small end connected to the second straight rod portion 148.
  • a second driving cone 149 for driving the expansion sleeve 144 to expand
  • a cylindrical third straight rod portion 150 connected to the large end of the second driving cone 149, disposed at an axial position of the end surface of the third straight rod portion 150, and being expanded in installation Fastening the connection assembly and removing the expansion fastening assembly with the wrench
  • the mating hexagonal blind hole 151 and the six evenly distributed rotation preventing grooves 152 are provided on the end surface of the third straight rod portion 150 and penetrate the circumferential surface of the third straight rod portion 150.
  • the drive nut 142 includes a cylindrical drive nut body 153, and a rotation preventing protrusion 154 disposed at an end surface of the drive nut body 153 and engaging with a coupling slit of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 164 of the expansion sleeve 144 is disposed at the drive nut 142.
  • the axial length of the first optical rod portion 146 is greater than the axial length setting distance of the first driving cone 145, and the axial length of the third straight optical rod portion 150 is greater than the axial length of the first straight optical rod portion 146, and the second driving
  • the axial length of the cone 149 is equal to the axial length of the first drive cone 145.
  • the driving core housing accommodating space in the unexpanded expansion sleeve 144 includes a cylindrical curved surface 156 that is a part of the small rod 143 of the accommodating driving core rod, a first expansion tapered surface 157 that accompanies the first driving cone, and a first straight
  • a cylindrical curved surface 162 of a portion of the third straight rod portion 150 is disposed on the wall of the cylindrical curved surface 156 and a driving nut receiving groove 163 that cooperates with the driving nut 142.
  • the small rod 143 of the driving core rod 141 extends into the threaded hole 155 of the driving nut 142 and is threadedly engaged with the driving nut 142.
  • the axial distance of the end surface of the driving nut 142 to the first driving cone small rod 143 is greater than the driving nut receiving groove 163.
  • the expansion member 164 is hugged outside the driving core rod 141 and the driving nut 142.
  • the driving nut 142 is mounted in the driving nut receiving groove 163.
  • the rotation preventing convex portion 154 of the driving nut 142 extends into the joint seam of the adjacent two-valve expansion member 164. .
  • connection method is different from that of Embodiment 1:
  • the threaded hole 155 of the driving nut 142 is screwed onto the small rod 143 of the driving core rod 141, and the axial distance of the end surface of the driving nut 142 to the first driving cone small rod 143 is larger than the driving nut receiving groove 163 to the first expansion.
  • the three-lobed expansion member is hug on the driving nut 142 and the driving core rod 141, and the driving nut 142 is installed in the nut accommodating groove 163, and the rotation preventing convex portion 154 of the driving nut 142 is extended into the combination of the adjacent two-valve expansion members 164.
  • the expansion member 164 is completely positioned in the gap with the driving nut 142 and the driving core rod 141;

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Abstract

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件，膨胀紧固连接结构包括膨胀紧固连接组件（1）、母体构件（2）、附体构件（3）；膨胀紧固连接组件（1）包括驱动芯件、由膨胀件（6，60，120，140，164）组成的膨胀套（7，75，96，144）；在驱动芯件上设有驱动锥面；在膨胀件（6，60，120，140，164）本体的外周上向外冲切形成尖凸起（24），端部还设有定位抵挡部（25），内侧面上设有膨胀用锥面（29，30，69，157）；在膨胀套（7，75，96，144）完全膨胀状态，尖凸起（24）嵌入母体构件（2）内；母体构件（2）被膨胀套（7，75，96，144）与母体构件（2）的圆孔的胀紧静摩擦力和尖凸起（24）嵌入母体构件（2）的抵挡力共同作用轴向抵挡，附体构件（3）被定位抵挡部（25）轴向抵挡，膨胀套（7，75，96，144）将附体构件（3）与母体构件（2）连接固定在一起。该结构及连接方法和连接组件在载荷较大或有震动的场合，使得连接更可靠。

Description

一种膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件 技术领域：
本发明涉及一种机械静联接两个以上的物体的膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件，特别是一种使用在木制品等上可代替膨胀螺丝、榫卯等机械静联接两个以上的物体的膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法、膨胀紧固连接组件。
背景技术：
目前全世界使用的可拆卸机械静联接一般为螺纹连接、键连接、销连接、膨胀螺丝连接、以及应用最久的中国木工领域的榫卯连接等，最广泛应用的为螺纹连接。
榫卯连接：榫卯(读作sǔn mǎo)，是在两个木构件上所采用的一种凹凸结合的连接方式。凸出部分叫榫(或榫头)；凹进部分叫卯(或榫眼、榫槽)，榫和卯咬合，起到连接作用。中国的榫卯连接技术是人类最早的连接技术，是人类社会出现最早和应用至今的可拆卸连接技术尤其应用在木家具和木建筑上。这些榫卯结构主要应用在河姆渡干栏式的房屋的建造上，有凸型方榫、圆榫、双层凸榫、燕尾榫以及企口榫等。
专利号为92205294.8的实用新型专利中，公开了一种用于紧固构件或作为嵌装螺母使用的多功能膨胀螺栓，它由膨胀栓体、膨胀芯杆、冲芯杆组成；膨胀栓体上部有一帽；膨胀栓体尾端开有十字形豁口；膨胀栓体中心开有一个圆柱形带螺纹的芯孔，冲芯杆带螺纹、也可以不带螺纹。膨胀紧固连接结构包括母体连接部上的光盲孔，附体连接部上的光通孔，膨胀栓体穿过附体连接部上的光通孔伸入到母体连接部上的光盲孔内，将冲芯杆沿芯孔打击进去时，推动膨胀芯杆顶入墙内，尾端膨胀，膨胀栓体将母体连接部、附体连接部连接在一起。膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法包括：将冲芯杆沿芯孔打击进去时，推动膨胀芯杆顶入墙内，尾端膨胀，可以起到紧固作用；也可以做为嵌装螺母预埋在墙内，拧进不同形状的螺杆，可以起不同的安装固定作用。膨胀紧固连接结构的拆卸方法包括：如果需要将多功能膨胀螺栓拆除，只需将膨胀芯杆冲过膨胀栓体的尾端，然后用拉销器将膨胀栓体拉出即可，拆卸时只需用电钻将帽钻削掉即可。这种结构的膨胀螺栓，依靠胀开后的膨胀栓体的尾端变形嵌入到母体内。该专利的膨胀螺钉、膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法，主要存在以下几个方面的不足：一是母体的材料硬度要远低于膨胀栓体的材料硬度，膨胀栓体的尾 端才能嵌入到母体内，使用范围受限，适用于砖、瓦、水泥、木结构等不便攻螺纹的构件上的紧固安装或作嵌装螺母使用，不适合机械零件特别是金属机械零件的连接；二是主要依靠膨胀栓体的尾端膨胀变形后对母体壁孔内壁产生较大的径向静态挤压力，径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力和膨胀栓体的尾端变形后的抵挡力将膨胀栓体、母体、附体连接在一起，实现防松脱的目的；由于在母体内预钻的壁孔内径通常与膨胀栓体的直径相配，膨胀栓体的尾端能够胀开的幅度即变形量较小，其与母体的壁孔内壁径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力只存在于膨胀栓体尾端段；当载荷较大或用于有震动的场合，膨胀栓体与母体的孔壁之间会发生微量滑动摩擦，随着时间的累积，滑动量增大，就有可能因膨胀螺栓松脱导致物件脱落而发生安全事故；或者在膨胀栓体受较大的轴向方向的载荷时，膨胀栓体的尾端会在受到母体的作用力下收拢变形，使膨胀栓体尾端与母体的静摩擦力、膨胀栓体变形后的抵挡力大大减小，因此膨胀栓体在受到较大的轴向力的作用下会克服膨胀栓体的尾端与母体间的静摩擦力、膨胀栓体的尾端变形后的抵挡力将膨胀栓体从母体内拉出，导致易失效；因此这种结构的膨胀螺栓，不适用于载荷较大或有较大震动的场合，对于如附体安装在母体下方的膨胀螺栓受到较大的轴向载荷的情况下也不太适用，不推荐该种膨胀螺栓用于紧固吊扇等物件；三是该膨胀螺栓虽然可拆卸，拆卸时需将膨胀芯杆冲过膨胀栓体的尾端，然后用拉销器将膨胀栓体拉出即可，拆卸时只需用电钻将帽钻削掉即可；一方面拆卸麻烦，另一方面拆卸后膨胀螺栓完全破坏掉不能再用，特别是因膨胀栓体的尾端因胀开变形大于母体上的孔，拆卸时会严重损坏母体。
专利号为201220208899.2的实用新型专利中，公开了一种膨胀螺钉，包括螺钉(1)、楔形螺母(2)、装饰套(6)，螺钉(1)上设置有楔形套(5)和楔形螺母(2)，楔形套(5)和楔形螺母(2)外面设置有对合两个半外套(3)，两个半外套(3)中间绕有弹簧(4)。这种结构的膨胀紧固连接结构，两个半外套完全安装在母体内，通过楔形套的锥形部穿过附体、再通过螺钉穿过锥形套与楔形螺母固定将附体与母体连接在一起。膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法及拆卸方法包括以下步骤：在墙壁或地面上钻好与圆柱形外套一样大的孔，将膨胀螺钉插入预制孔内，由于楔形螺母上三角形斜楔被两个半外套卡往，拧紧螺钉时，楔形螺母靠近楔形套，将两个半外套撑开与预制孔胀紧，达到紧固的目的；当松开螺钉后，楔形螺母远离楔形套，两个半外套在弹簧的作用下合在一起收缩，便可拆除膨胀螺钉。该专利的膨胀螺钉、膨胀紧固连接结构及连接方法，虽然拆卸时不会损坏膨胀螺钉和母体，还是存在以下几个方面的不足：一是两个半外套与母体之间的连接力还是胀紧静摩擦力，附体与母体之间的连接力为螺钉与楔形螺母之间的螺纹连接预紧静摩擦力，因此在轴线方向受力很 小，螺纹连接的缺点随时会体现出来；二是两个半外套在母体内无法轴向定位。
专利号为201210245807.2的发明专利中，公开了一种在建筑物上开制壁孔固定物件的方法及该方法所使用的膨胀螺栓、专用镗具，方法主要包括以下步骤：按传统方法钻出盲孔；用专用镗具在盲孔的底部镗出直径大于盲孔直径的扩孔并形成台阶面；膨胀螺栓插入到盲孔内；安装被固定物件；套上垫圈后用扳手旋紧螺母，在旋紧的过程中，螺杆尾部逐渐挤压膨胀套尾部的瓣片使其逐渐向外弯曲，最后形成勾抵于上述台阶面的翻边。该发明专利，虽然由于将膨胀套尾部的瓣片与混凝土之间由径向挤压力产生的滑动静摩擦力变为瓣片对混凝土的轴向勾抵力，通过增厚瓣片的厚度，进一步提高膨胀螺栓的防脱性能，防止物件坠落，这种在建筑物上开制壁孔固定物件的方法及该方法所使用的膨胀螺栓、专用镗具，存在以下几个不足：一是膨胀套尾部的瓣片是通过变形与扩孔形成配合，无法与扩孔精密配合，特别是膨胀套尾部的瓣片与扩孔形成线接触，在膨胀套尾部的瓣片与扩孔的线接触位置会产生很大的应力集中导致该处断裂，以及膨胀套由于需要变形因此不能够制造成高强度而容易断裂，因此虽然膨胀套尾部的瓣片与混凝土之间由径向挤压力产生的滑动静摩擦力变为瓣片对混凝土的轴向勾抵力，但固定还是很不可靠；二是在建筑物上扩孔，建筑物为混凝土材料，在与膨胀套尾部的瓣片的线接触位置产生的很大的应力会导致该处混凝土脱落，在母体、附体、膨胀螺栓间容易产生很大的轴向间隙，严重影响固定效果；三是附体与母体之间的连接力还是螺纹连接预紧静摩擦力，螺纹连接的缺点随时会体现出来。
专利号为201120031423.1的实用新型专利中，公开了一种快速膨胀地脚螺栓，在外套管张紧叶片上设有数个外套管防滑凸块，该防滑凸块的作用仅仅是增加静摩擦力，并没有抵挡的作用，同时也是一种螺纹连接，具备了螺纹连接的所有缺点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是，克服现有的母体构件为硬度较低的材质如木材、塑料等时用螺钉或螺栓等螺纹连接螺纹易滑丝、用榫卯结构连接易松脱、用嵌入件工艺复杂和成本高的技术问题，提供一种在母体构件材料硬度远远低于膨胀紧固连接组件的材料硬度、在轴向方向用整体式结构连接母体构件和附体构件、且依靠膨胀胀紧的静摩擦力和嵌入母体构件的抵挡力将母体构件和膨胀件连接在一起、依靠抵挡力将膨胀件和附体构件连接在一起、即使在载荷大特别是轴向载荷大、或震动大等恶劣场合、连接也不会失效、连接非常可靠的膨胀紧固连接组件及膨胀紧固连接结构。
一种膨胀紧固连接结构，包括膨胀紧固连接组件、母体构件、附体构件； 膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面；
在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面；
在母体构件上设有孔，在附体构件上设有通孔；
膨胀件为由金属片冲压而成的冲压件；每瓣膨胀件包括外周面与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的内周上向内冲压形成内凸部；在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外冲切形成用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还冲压弯折形成对膨胀套轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；在内凸部上设有与驱动锥面配合的膨胀用锥面；在膨胀件本体的外周面上对应内凸部的位置冲压形成凹陷部；
驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内；
在膨胀套未膨胀状态，膨胀套的定位抵挡部凸出附体构件上的通孔、并被附体构件轴向抵挡定位；
在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，尖凸起嵌入母体构件内，合抱在一起的膨胀件的膨胀件本体的外周面分布在同一圆周面上，与母体构件内的圆孔紧配合；母体构件被膨胀套与母体构件的圆孔的胀紧静摩擦力和尖凸起嵌入母体构件的抵挡力共同作用轴向抵挡，附体构件被定位抵挡部轴向抵挡，膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起。
一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法，连接方法包括以下步骤：
提供一种膨胀紧固连接组件，膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
提供需要进行联接的母体构件和附体构件；在母体构件上设有孔，在附体构件上设有通孔；
膨胀件为由金属片冲压而成的冲压件，每瓣膨胀件包括与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的内周上冲压形成包括与驱动芯杆配合的柱面和膨胀用锥面的凸起，在膨胀套本体的外周面上对应凸起的位置冲压形成凹陷部；
在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外冲切翻折形成、用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还冲压弯折形成对膨胀套轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；
定位抵挡部到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离大于尖凸起到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离；
将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，将附体构件上的通孔对着母体构件上的孔，将膨胀套的膨胀件本体穿过附体构件上的通孔伸入母体构件上的孔内，膨胀套的附体构件被定位抵挡部轴向抵挡定位，膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内；
驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀，每瓣膨胀件径向运动，；
膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起。
膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内，驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，膨胀套的定位抵挡部凸出附体构件上的通孔、并被附体构件抵挡定位；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，膨胀件本体与母体构件的孔紧配合形成胀紧静摩擦力、尖凸起嵌入到母体构件内形成抵挡力，定位抵挡部对附体构件施加轴向方向的抵挡力，膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起。
一种膨胀紧固连接组件，包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
在驱动芯件上设有用来驱动膨胀套膨胀的驱动锥面；
在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间，在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上、设有与驱动锥体配合的膨胀用锥面；
每瓣膨胀件包括与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外设有用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还设有对膨胀件轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；驱动芯杆包括头部，与头部相连的大光杆部，大端与大光杆部相连的驱动锥体，与驱动锥体相连的小杆；驱动芯件容置空间与驱动芯杆部分大光杆部、驱动锥体、小杆配合；在膨胀芯杆的头部设有能完全容置定位抵挡部的定位抵挡部容置槽。
作为方案三的改进，每个尖凸起为冲切后再翻折形成的一个以上的尖突刺。
作为方案三的改进，每个尖凸起为冲压形成的凸包，在凸包上形成冲破通孔。
作为方案三的改进，膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽；盖帽包括内腔，在内腔的底面凸设有卡扣；在膨胀套或驱动芯件上设有抵挡槽；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，盖帽通过卡扣扣合在抵挡槽上与膨胀套或驱动芯件安装在一起，凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
作为方案三的改进，膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽；盖帽包括内腔，在内腔的底面设有凸柱，在凸柱上设有螺纹孔；在驱动芯杆上设有凸出膨胀套的螺纹部；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，盖帽的螺纹孔螺纹连接在驱动芯杆上，凸出母 体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
设有盖帽，将膨胀套和驱动芯件盖住，不但外观美观，特别是还可以防尘、防水、防日照等，大大降低膨胀紧固连接组件受到外部环境的腐蚀等损害，大大提高膨胀紧固连接组件的连接可靠性和使用寿命。可只在朝向环境恶劣的一侧如室外设有盖帽，如两侧环境都比较恶劣，在需在两侧设有盖帽。
作为方案三的改进，驱动芯件包括芯杆，在芯杆一端的端部一体成型有盖帽；盖帽包括内腔；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
作为方案三的改进，还包括弹簧，在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽，两瓣以上的膨胀件通过弹簧合抱在一起组成膨胀套，弹簧完全容置在弹簧容置槽内；在膨胀套未膨胀状态，膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面合抱在驱动锥面上；膨胀套上的定位抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状。
将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，再用弹簧将两瓣以上的膨胀件安装在一起组成膨胀套使其不分开，膨胀紧固连接组件在工厂就装配好，运输过程中也不会散开，使用时更方便、快速、简易。
作为方案三至九的共同改进，驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆，与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母；驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小杆相连的由驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部；膨胀套未膨胀状态的驱动芯件容置空间与驱动芯杆的小杆、第一驱动锥体、第一直光杆部配合；驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽；驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内，驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合，驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内。
旋转驱动芯杆时，膨胀套的定位抵挡部被附体构件轴向抵挡定位，膨胀套无轴线方向的运动，驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体产生朝向或背离驱动螺母方向的轴向运动。驱动芯杆使第一驱动锥体产生朝向驱动螺母方向的轴向运动，驱动芯杆的第一驱动锥体与膨胀套的第一膨胀用锥面相对滑动，膨胀套膨胀。
此种结构与螺纹连接结构相比，其连接力是膨胀套的楔形抵挡部对母体构件的轴向抵挡力和膨胀套的定位抵挡部对附体构件的轴向抵挡力。驱动芯杆并不直接连接母体构件和附体构件，仅用于驱动膨胀套膨胀。驱动芯杆受力小，故虽然驱动芯杆与驱动螺母之间是螺纹配合，也不易产生滑丝造成连接失效。
作为上述方案的改进，还包括由驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体；
驱动芯杆还包括大端与第一直光杆部相连的连接锥体，与连接锥体小端相连的第二直光杆部，小端与第二直光杆部相连、由驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体， 与第二驱动锥体大端相连的第三直光杆部，驱动芯件容置空间还与连接锥体、第二直光杆部、第二驱动锥体、部分第三直光杆部配合。
这种结构的膨胀紧固连接组件，驱动芯杆上的第一驱动锥体和第二驱动锥体都用于驱动膨胀套膨胀，由于复式驱动的膨胀方式，膨胀套膨胀更均衡，膨胀效果更好，从而使连接效果更好。
作为方案三至九的共同改进，驱动芯件为驱动芯杆，驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端，与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部，与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部。
实现连接时，直接将驱动芯杆敲入膨胀套内使膨胀套完全膨胀。这种结构的膨胀紧固连接组件，结构简单，成本低。
作为方案三至九的共同改进，驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆，与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母；驱动螺母包括由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体，设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔；驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端，与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体，与驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部，与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部；在膨胀套未膨胀状态，驱动芯件容置空间与驱动螺母、驱动芯杆的部分小端、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部、抵挡部配合；驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起，驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内。
旋转驱动芯杆可以驱动驱动芯杆的驱动锥体和驱动螺母的驱动锥体均相对膨胀套相应的膨胀用锥面滑动从而实现驱动膨胀套膨胀。由于在膨胀套内设有两个锥度相反的膨胀用锥面，从而实现两个方向相对地复式驱动膨胀，这样膨胀套的膨胀过程更均衡，膨胀效果更好，从而使连接效果更好。
本发明的有益效果是：
一是由于母体构件的材质的硬度远远低于膨胀件的硬度，在膨胀件膨胀过程中，膨胀件的尖凸起嵌入母体构件内，类似榫卯结构的榫头伸入到榫眼，连接非常可靠，而又不需加工榫眼，成本比榫卯结构大大降低。在膨胀件完全膨胀的状态，一方面膨胀件本体与母体构件的孔紧配合产生静摩擦力、另一方面尖凸起嵌入母体构件内形成轴向抵挡力和紧配合静摩擦力将膨胀件与母体构件安装在一起，依靠膨胀件的抵挡部将附体构件的抵挡力将附体构件、膨胀件连接在一起，这样膨胀紧固连接组件就将附体构件与母体构件连接在一起。这种膨胀紧固连接结构中的膨胀紧固连接组件与母体构件和附体构件的连接力不仅仅是胀紧静摩擦力，连接力大大增加，连接非常可靠，在载荷大特别是轴向载荷大、振动大等环境下均不会引起连接失效。相对于使用螺钉、螺栓结构的机械静联接是依靠预紧与母体构件产生静摩擦力连接的优点是，能完全克服 因载荷过大、疲劳破坏、高温下的蠕变、微动磨损等引起的几种常见的连接失效形式，特别是能克服因母体构件的硬度很低、在母体构件上攻螺纹、与母体的螺纹连接特别容易滑丝导致连接失效的问题。相对于使用膨胀螺钉或膨胀螺栓仅依靠膨胀后对母体构件壁孔内壁产生较大的径向静态挤压力、径向挤压力产生的静摩擦力连接的优点是，在载荷较大或有震动的场合，不会因微量滑动摩擦导致连接，连接更可靠。相对于事先将螺母连接件嵌入到如塑胶材料的母体构件、在通过螺栓将母体构件和附体构件的连接方式，工艺简单，大大降低成本。相对于仅依靠胀紧静摩擦力的榫卯连接方式，连接更可靠。本发明彻底打破了现有的螺纹连接的螺钉或螺栓机械静联接依靠预紧产生的静摩擦力、膨胀螺钉或膨胀螺栓的机械静联接依靠膨胀产生的胀紧静摩擦力或依靠膨胀件变形产生的抵挡力来连接物体的惯性思维。
二是膨胀件的尖凸起是事先加工出来的，不是依靠膨胀变形形成的。膨胀件设计成两瓣(其中膨胀套为三瓣的效果最好)以上，在膨胀过程中膨胀件不会变形，第一是尖凸起的个数和形状可以根据受力情况自由设计，因此能根据需要承受很大的外力且连接很可靠；第二是膨胀件本体对应母体构件上的孔的部分与母体构件上的孔完全紧配合，能提供更大的胀紧静摩擦力。
三是驱动芯件只是起到将膨胀件膨胀的作用，不是通过与驱动芯件螺纹配合的紧固连接件将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上，在膨胀件膨胀状态驱动芯件的受力非常小，即使驱动芯件使用螺纹连接也几乎不可能引起螺纹连接的失效，因此在膨胀套完全膨胀状态驱动芯件与膨胀件的固定也非常可靠。
四是膨胀套由金属片冲压形成，成形膨胀套上的尖凸起工艺简单，成本低，而且易形成锋利的凸刺，便于间凸起在膨胀过程中嵌入母体构件。
五是还设有用来嵌入附体构件的尖凸起，使膨胀件与附体构件的连接力增加了用来嵌入附体构件的尖凸对附体构件的抵挡力和紧配合的静摩擦力，因而膨胀件与附体构件的连接效果更好。
第六，本发明中驱动锥面与膨胀用锥面的配合，只需要驱动锥面与膨胀用锥面的锥度相同就能实现驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀的功能，其曲率是可以不相同的。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的膨胀紧固连接结构、在膨胀套未膨胀状态的主视示意图。
图2是图1的A-A的剖视图。
图3是本发明实施例1膨胀紧固连接组件的立体示意图。
图4是本发明实施例1膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图5是本发明实施例1的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套完全膨胀状态的主视示意图。
图6是图5的B-B的剖视图。
图7是本发明实施例2的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图8是本发明实施例2膨胀紧固连接组件的立体示意图。
图9是本发明实施例3的膨胀紧固连接结构在膨胀套未膨胀状态过其中一瓣膨胀件的中心位置的剖视图。
图10是本发明实施例4的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
图11是本发明实施例5的膨胀紧固连接组件的立体分解示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1至图6所示，一种膨胀紧固连接结构，包括膨胀紧固连接组件1、母体构件2、附体构件3。在母体构件2上设有圆盲孔4，在附体构件3上设有圆通孔5。
膨胀紧固连接组件1包括驱动芯件、由三瓣结构相同的膨胀件6合抱组成的膨胀套7、弹簧8、弹簧9。
驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆10，与驱动芯杆10配合的驱动螺母11。驱动螺母11包括驱动锥体12，与驱动锥体12大端相连的圆柱形直光杆部13，设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔14，设置在驱动锥体12和直光杆部13外周面上与膨胀套7的相邻两瓣膨胀件6的结合缝隙配合的止转凸筋15。驱动芯杆10包括设有与驱动螺母11的螺纹孔14配合的外螺纹部16的小杆17，与小杆17相连的驱动锥体18，与驱动锥体18大端相连的圆柱形的直光杆部19，与直光杆部19相连且径向凸出直光杆部19的圆柱形的抵挡部20，在抵挡部20的端面上设有内六角形孔21。驱动锥体12的轴向长度与驱动锥体18的轴向长度相等，锥度相同，实现同步驱动。
三瓣膨胀件6合抱在驱动螺母11和驱动芯杆10上形成膨胀套7。
膨胀件6为由金属片冲压而成的冲压件。每瓣膨胀件6包括外周面与母体构件2上的圆盲孔4和附体构件3上的圆通孔5配合的膨胀件本体22；在膨胀件本体22的内周上向内冲压形成内凸部23；在膨胀件本体22的外周上、向外冲切形成用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件2和附体构件3的尖凸起24；在膨胀件本体22的端部还冲压弯折形成对膨胀套7轴向定位、将附体构件3抵挡固定在母体构件2上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体22的定位抵挡部25；在膨胀件本体22的外周上还向内冲压形成环状的弹簧容置槽26、弹簧容置槽27。在膨胀件本体22的外周面上对应内凸部23的位置冲压形成凹陷部28。在内 凸部23上设有与驱动螺母11的驱动锥体12配合且锥度相同的膨胀用锥面29，和与驱动芯杆10的驱动锥体18配合且锥度相同的的膨胀用锥面30，及连接膨胀用锥面29和膨胀用锥面30的连接曲面31。每个尖凸起24为冲压形成的凸包，并将尖凸起24冲破形成通孔32。定位抵挡部25到膨胀件本体22的轴心的最大距离大于尖凸起24到膨胀件本体22轴心的最大距离。
在膨胀套7未膨胀状态，驱动螺母11的螺纹孔14螺纹连接在驱动芯杆10上，驱动螺母11的驱动锥体12小端到驱动芯杆10的驱动锥体18的小端之间的轴线距离稍小于连接曲面31的轴向长度。驱动螺母11的止转凸筋15伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件6的结合缝隙内。通过膨胀用锥面29合抱在驱动锥体12上定位膨胀件6与驱动螺母11、膨胀用锥面30合抱在驱动锥体18上定位膨胀件6与驱动芯杆10。三瓣膨胀件6通过弹簧8、弹簧9与驱动螺母11、驱动芯杆10不可自动分开地合抱在一起完成膨胀紧固连接组件1的连接，弹簧8完全容置在弹簧容置槽26内，弹簧9完全容置在弹簧容置槽27内。
膨胀套7设有尖凸起24的一端穿过附体构件3上的圆通孔5伸入母体构件2上的圆盲孔4内，膨胀件本体22安装在母体构件2上的圆盲孔4和附体构件3上的圆通孔5内，膨胀套7的定位抵挡部25凸出附体构件3上的圆通孔5被附体构件3轴向抵挡定位。
在膨胀套7完全膨胀状态，尖凸起24嵌入母体构件2和附体构件3内，合抱在一起的膨胀件6的膨胀件本体22的外周面33分布在同一圆周面上，与母体构件2内的圆盲孔4的孔壁紧配合，母体构件2被膨胀套7与母体构件2的圆孔的胀紧静摩擦力和尖凸起24嵌入母体构件2的抵挡力共同作用轴向抵挡，附体构件3被定位抵挡部25和尖凸起24嵌入附体构件3的抵挡力共同作用轴向抵挡，膨胀套7将附体构件3与母体构件2连接固定在一起。在驱动螺母11和驱动芯杆10已完全安装到位的状态，抵挡部20被膨胀套7的定位抵挡部25抵挡。
一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法，连接方法包括以下步骤：
将驱动螺母11的螺纹孔14螺纹连接在驱动芯杆10上，驱动螺母11的驱动锥体12小端到驱动芯杆10的驱动锥体18的小端之间的轴线距离稍小于连接曲面31的轴向长度；
将三瓣膨胀件6合抱在驱动螺母11和驱动芯杆10上，驱动螺母11的止转凸筋15伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件6的结合缝隙内，并通过膨胀用锥面29合抱在驱动锥体12上定位膨胀件6与驱动螺母11、膨胀用锥面30合抱在驱动锥体18上定位膨胀件6与驱动芯杆10；
通过弹簧8安装在弹簧容置槽26内、弹簧9安装在弹簧容置槽27内将三瓣膨胀件6与驱动螺母11、驱动芯杆10不可自动分开地合抱在一起完成膨胀紧固连接组件1的连接；
以上工序一般在工厂完成，也可在现场完成；
将膨胀套7设有尖凸起24的一端穿过附体构件3上的圆通孔5伸入母体构件2上的圆盲孔4内；
向膨胀套7施加朝向附体构件3的轴向方向的力，附体构件3与母体构件2抵靠、定位抵挡部25与附体构件3抵靠，膨胀套7通过定位抵挡部25被附体构件3轴向抵挡定位；
旋转驱动芯杆10，驱动螺母11通过与驱动芯杆10螺纹配合同步相对运动，通过驱动螺母11的驱动锥体12在膨胀用锥面29上滑动、驱动芯杆10的驱动锥体18在膨胀用锥面30上滑动驱动膨胀套7膨胀，每瓣膨胀件6仅径向运动，尖凸起24嵌入母体构件2内和附体构件3内；抵挡部20被膨胀套7的定位抵挡部25抵挡，膨胀套7完全膨胀；
膨胀套7将附体构件3与母体构件2连接固定在一起。
实施例2
如图7、图8所示，与实施例1不同的是，驱动芯件为驱动芯杆61，驱动芯杆61包括光杆的小杆62、与小杆62相连的驱动锥体63、与驱动锥体63大端相连的直光杆部64。膨胀件60的膨胀件本体65的内周面66为与膨胀件本体65的外周面67共心的圆弧面。在膨胀件60的内凸部68上设有与驱动锥体63配合且锥度相同的膨胀用锥面69和与膨胀用锥面69小端相连的圆柱形曲面70。圆柱形曲面70的直径等于直光杆部64的外径。膨胀件本体65的外周面67的直径等于母体构件71上的圆盲孔72和附体构件73上的圆通孔74的直径。
在膨胀套75未膨胀状态，驱动芯杆61的驱动椎体63抵挡在膨胀用锥面69上。在膨胀套75完全膨胀状态，直光杆部64与圆柱形曲面70的壁通过面与面配合抵靠在一起，膨胀件本体65的外周面67分布在同一圆周面上，与母体构件71上的圆盲孔72的孔壁和附体构件73上的圆通孔74的孔壁紧配合。
连接方法包括：
将三瓣膨胀件60合抱在驱动芯杆61上，并通过膨胀用锥面69合抱在驱动锥体63上定位膨胀件60与驱动芯杆61；
通过弹簧76、弹簧77将三瓣膨胀件60与驱动芯杆61不会自动分开地安装在一起；
将膨胀套75设有尖凸起79的一端穿过附体构件73上的圆通孔74伸入母体构件71上的圆盲孔72内；
向膨胀套75施加朝向附体构件73的轴向方向的力，膨胀件60的定位抵挡部78、附体构件73、母体构件71抵靠在一起；
锤击或按压驱动芯杆61，驱动芯杆61相对膨胀套75轴向运动，通过驱动锥体63在膨胀用锥面69上滑动驱动膨胀套75膨胀，每瓣膨胀件60径向运动，尖凸起79嵌入入母体构件71和附体构件73内；膨胀件本体65的外周面67与母体构件71上的圆盲孔72的孔壁和附体构件73上的圆通孔74的孔壁紧配合。
膨胀套75完全膨胀后，膨胀套75不再径向方向运动并保持完全膨胀状态不变，驱动芯杆61继续相对膨胀套75轴线方向运动，直光杆部64越过膨胀用锥面69的小杆62直至膨胀套75与驱动芯杆61完全安装到设定位置，驱动芯杆61停止驱动；
膨胀套75将附体构件73与母体构件71连接固定在一起。
实施例3
如图9所示，与实施例1不同的是，驱动芯杆91包括设有螺纹部90的小杆92、与小杆92相连的驱动锥体93、与驱动锥体93大端相连的直光杆部94，径向凸出直光杆部94的盖帽95，在盖帽95上设有容置膨胀套96的定位抵挡部97的内腔98，在盖帽95的端面上设有内六角盲孔101。在膨胀套96完全膨胀状态(未示出)，膨胀套96的定位抵挡部97完全容置在内腔98内，盖帽95完全覆盖膨胀套96的定位抵挡部97和附体构件99上的圆通孔100。
实施例4
如图10所示，膨胀件120上的每个尖凸起121为冲切后再翻折形成的两个尖突刺122、尖突刺123。
实施例5
如图11所示，膨胀件140上的每个尖凸起141为冲切后再翻折形成的四个尖突刺142、尖突刺143、尖突刺144、尖突刺145。
实施例6
如图12所示，与实施例1不同的是，驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆141，与驱动芯杆141配合的驱动螺母142。驱动芯杆141包括设有螺纹的小杆143、与小杆143相连的用来驱动膨胀套144膨胀的第一驱动锥体145、与第一驱动锥体145大端相连的圆柱形第一直光杆部146，大端与第一直光杆部146相连的连接锥体147，与连接锥体147小端相连的圆柱形第二直光杆部148，小端与第二直光杆部148相连用来驱动膨胀套144膨胀的第二驱动锥体149，与第二驱动锥体149大端相连的圆柱形第三直光杆部150，设置在第三直光杆部150的端面轴向位置、在安装膨胀紧固连接组件和拆卸膨胀紧固连接组件时与扳手 配合的六角形盲孔151，和设置在第三直光杆部150的端面上，并贯穿第三直光杆部150周面的六个均匀分布的止转槽152。驱动螺母142包括圆柱形的驱动螺母本体153，设置在驱动螺母本体153的端面、与膨胀套144的相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝隙配合的止转凸部154，设置在驱动螺母142的轴心的螺纹孔155。第一直光杆部146的轴向长度大于第一驱动锥体145的轴向长度设定距离，第三直光杆部150的轴向长度大于第一直光杆部146的轴向长度，第二驱动锥体149的轴向长度与第一驱动锥体145的轴向长度相等。
未膨胀的膨胀套144内的驱动芯件容置空间包括合抱驱动芯杆的小杆143的一部分的圆柱形曲面156、合抱第一驱动锥体的第一膨胀用锥面157、合抱第一直光杆部146的圆柱形曲面158、合抱连接锥体147的连接锥面159、合抱第二直光杆部148的圆柱形曲面160、合抱第二驱动锥体149的第二膨胀用锥面161、合抱部分第三直光杆部150的圆柱形曲面162，设置在圆柱形曲面156的壁上、与驱动螺母142配合的驱动螺母容置槽163。
驱动芯杆141的小杆143伸入驱动螺母142的螺纹孔155内与驱动螺母142螺纹配合，驱动螺母142的端面到第一驱动锥体小杆143的轴线距离大于驱动螺母容置槽163到第一膨胀用锥面157小杆143的轴线距离。膨胀件164合抱在驱动芯杆141和驱动螺母142外，驱动螺母142安装在驱动螺母容置槽163内，驱动螺母142的止转凸部154伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝内。
连接方法与实施例1不同的是：
将驱动螺母142的螺纹孔155螺纹连接在驱动芯杆141的小杆143上，驱动螺母142的端面到第一驱动锥体小杆143的轴线距离大于驱动螺母容置槽163到第一膨胀用锥面157小杆143的轴线距离；
将三瓣膨胀件合抱在驱动螺母142和驱动芯杆141上，通过驱动螺母142安装在螺母容置槽163内、驱动螺母142的止转凸部154伸入相邻两瓣膨胀件164的结合缝隙内使膨胀件164与驱动螺母142、驱动芯杆141完全定位；
直至驱动芯杆141的直光杆部150的端面越过膨胀套144的卡槽165，驱动螺母142和驱动芯杆141已完全安装到位，停止旋转驱动芯杆，驱动芯件停止驱动。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种膨胀紧固连接结构，包括膨胀紧固连接组件、母体构件、附体构件；
    所述膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
    在每瓣膨胀件上设有驱动膨胀套膨胀的膨胀用锥面；
    在驱动芯件上设有与每瓣膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面配合的驱动锥面；
    在母体构件上设有孔，在附体构件上设有通孔；
    其特征在于：所述的膨胀件为由金属片冲压而成的冲压件；所述每瓣膨胀件包括外周面与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的内周上向内冲压形成内凸部；在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外冲切形成用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还冲压弯折形成对膨胀套轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；在内凸部上设有与所述的驱动锥面配合的膨胀用锥面；在膨胀件本体的外周面上对应内凸部的位置冲压形成凹陷部；
    驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内；
    在膨胀套未膨胀状态，膨胀套的定位抵挡部凸出附体构件上的通孔、并被附体构件轴向抵挡定位；
    在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，尖凸起嵌入母体构件内，合抱在一起的膨胀件的膨胀件本体的外周面分布在同一圆周面上，与母体构件内的圆孔紧配合；
    母体构件被膨胀套与母体构件的圆孔的胀紧静摩擦力和尖凸起嵌入母体构件的抵挡力共同作用轴向抵挡，附体构件被定位抵挡部轴向抵挡，膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起。
  2. 一种膨胀紧固连接结构的连接方法，其特征在于：
    提供一种膨胀紧固连接组件，所述膨胀紧固连接组件包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；所述所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
    提供需要进行联接的母体构件和附体构件；在母体构件上设有孔，在附体构件上设有通孔；
    所述的膨胀件为由金属片冲压而成的冲压件，所述每瓣膨胀件包括与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的内周上冲压形成包括与所述的驱动芯杆配合的柱面和所述的膨胀用锥面的凸起，在膨胀套本体的外周面上对应凸起的位置冲压形成凹陷部；
    在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外冲切翻折形成、用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还冲压弯折形成对膨胀套轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；
    定位抵挡部到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离大于尖凸起到膨胀件本体轴心的最大距离；
    将驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，将附体构件上的通孔对着母体构件上的孔，将膨胀套的膨胀件本体穿过附体构件上的通孔伸入母体构件上的孔内，膨胀套的附体构件被定位抵挡部轴向抵挡定位，膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内；
    驱动芯件驱动膨胀套膨胀，每瓣膨胀件径向运动，；
    膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起；
    膨胀件本体安装在母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔内，驱动芯件安装在驱动芯件容置空间内，膨胀套的定位抵挡部凸出附体构件上的通孔、并被附体构件抵挡定位；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，膨胀件本体与母体构件的孔紧配合形成胀紧静摩擦力、尖凸起嵌入到母体构件内形成抵挡力，定位抵挡部对附体构件施加轴向方向的抵挡力，膨胀套将附体构件与母体构件连接固定在一起。
  3. 一种膨胀紧固连接组件，包括驱动芯件、两瓣以上的膨胀件；所述膨胀件组成用来合抱驱动芯件的膨胀套；
    在驱动芯件上设有用来驱动膨胀套膨胀的驱动锥面；
    在膨胀套内设有驱动芯件容置空间，在驱动芯件容置空间的壁上、设有与驱动锥体配合的膨胀用锥面；
    其特征在于：所述每瓣膨胀件包括与母体构件上的孔和附体构件上的通孔配合的膨胀件本体，在膨胀件本体的外周上、向外设有用来嵌入低硬度材料的母体构件的尖凸起，在膨胀件本体的端部还设有对膨胀件轴向定位、将附体构件抵挡固定在母体构件上、且径向凸出膨胀件本体的定位抵挡部；
    驱动芯杆包括头部，与头部相连的大光杆部，大端与大光杆部相连的所述驱动锥体，与所述驱动锥体相连的小杆；所述驱动芯件容置空间与所述的驱动芯杆部分大光杆部、驱动锥体、小杆配合；在膨胀芯杆的头部设有能完全容置定位抵挡部的定位抵挡部容置槽。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：每个尖凸起为冲切后再
    翻折形成的一个以上的尖突刺。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：每个尖凸起为冲压形成的凸包，在凸包上形成冲破通孔。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述的膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽；所述盖帽包括内腔，在内腔的底面凸设有卡扣；在膨胀套或驱动芯件上设有抵挡槽；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，盖帽通过卡扣扣合在抵挡槽上与膨胀套或驱动芯件安装在一起，凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述的膨胀紧固连接组件还包括盖帽；所述盖帽包括内腔，在内腔的底面设有凸柱，在凸柱上设有螺纹孔；在驱动芯杆上设有凸出膨胀套的螺纹部；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，盖帽的螺纹孔螺纹连接在驱动芯杆上，凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述的驱动芯件包括芯杆，在芯杆一端的端部一体成型有盖帽；所述盖帽包括内腔；在膨胀套完全膨胀状态，凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套、或凸出母体构件和/或附体构件的膨胀套和驱动芯件容置在盖帽的内腔内。
  9. 如权利要求3所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：还包括弹簧，在每瓣膨胀件的外周面上径向设有弹簧容置槽，两瓣以上的膨胀件通过弹簧合抱在一起组成所述膨胀套，弹簧完全容置在弹簧容置槽内；在膨胀套未膨胀状态，所述的膨胀套上的膨胀用锥面合抱在所述的驱动锥面上；膨胀套上的所述定位抵挡部周向分布形成断开的独立环状。
  10. 如权利要求3至9任意一项权利要求所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆，与驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母；
    驱动芯杆包括设有螺纹的小杆、与小杆相连的由所述驱动锥面形成的第一驱动锥体、与所述第一驱动锥体大端相连的第一直光杆部；膨胀套未膨胀状态的所述驱动芯件容置空间与驱动芯杆的小杆、第一驱动锥体、第一直光杆部配合；所述的驱动芯件容置空间还包括与驱动螺母配合的螺母容置槽；驱动螺母安装在螺母容置槽内，驱动芯杆的小杆伸入驱动螺母内与驱动螺母螺纹配合，驱动芯杆安装在膨胀套内。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：还包括由所述驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体；
    所述驱动芯杆还包括大端与第一直光杆部相连的连接锥体，与所述连接锥 体小端相连的第二直光杆部，小端与第二直光杆部相连、由所述驱动锥面形成的第二驱动锥体，与所述第二驱动锥体大端相连的第三直光杆部，所述驱动芯件容置空间还与所述连接锥体、第二直光杆部、第二驱动锥体、部分第三直光杆部配合。
  12. 如权利要求3至9任意一项权利要求所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述驱动芯件为驱动芯杆，驱动芯杆包括光杆的小端，与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体、与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部，与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部。
  13. 如权利要求3至9任意一项权利要求所述的一种膨胀紧固连接组件，其特征在于：所述驱动芯件包括驱动芯杆，与所述驱动芯杆配合的驱动螺母；驱动螺母包括由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体，设置在轴心位置的螺纹孔；驱动芯杆包括设有与驱动螺母的螺纹孔配合的螺纹部的小端，与小端相连且与膨胀套内的膨胀用锥面配合、由所述的驱动锥面形成的驱动锥体，与所述驱动锥体大端相连的直光杆部，与直光杆部相连且径向凸出直光杆部的抵挡部；在膨胀套未膨胀状态，所述驱动芯件容置空间与驱动螺母、驱动芯杆的部分小端、驱动锥体、部分直光杆部、抵挡部配合；所述驱动芯杆的小杆与驱动螺母螺纹配合安装在一起，所述驱动螺母安装在驱动芯件容置空间内。
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CN110284727A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-27 广州市第二建筑工程有限公司 一种防止玻化砖空鼓脱落的后处理方法
CN112628260A (zh) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-09 山东颐杰鸿丰能源装备有限公司 多用途带限位快换定位装置
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CN109487974A (zh) * 2018-11-27 2019-03-19 上海牛元工贸有限公司 瓷砖加固结构和利用加固结构加固瓷砖的方法
CN109487974B (zh) * 2018-11-27 2024-01-02 上海牛元工贸有限公司 瓷砖加固结构和利用加固结构加固瓷砖的方法
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CN110284727A (zh) * 2019-07-03 2019-09-27 广州市第二建筑工程有限公司 一种防止玻化砖空鼓脱落的后处理方法
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CN115126757A (zh) * 2022-07-14 2022-09-30 贵州贤隆紧固件有限责任公司 一种可拆卸式膨胀螺栓
CN116456653A (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-18 苏州鑫捷顺精密科技股份有限公司 一种带预埋螺套的电子器件盖板
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