WO2016018177A1 - Coiling machine for winding fiber-optic cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for installing fiber-optic cables by winding same onto a cable, rope or wire which is hung on supports, and is intended for the consecutive repeated winding of cables so as to form an optical bundle, for instance when building FTTH networks. A coiling machine for winding fiber-optic cable onto a bearing element, said element having or not having optical cables wound onto same, is distinguished in that a rear support is connected to a frame without being able to rotate relative to same, and is in the form of a separable structure having at least two parts, one of which parts is rigidly connected to the frame, and the other of which parts is connected to the frame in such a way so as to allow for a support, used for installing a machine on a bearing element, to open, and also to close with a securing component for encompassing the bearing element, said element having or not having optical cables wound onto same, the securing component having a surface in the form of the inner portion of the surface of a ring; a cable tensioner is additionally provided within a coil drum.

Description

 Fiber optic cable winding machine. Field of the invention.

The invention relates to devices for mounting optical cables. State of the art

Fiber optic cables are laid in outdoor conditions, in particular, by the air method by suspension on supports. Cables are suspended as self-supporting or attached to a supporting element - a cable, wire or self-supporting cable. Several methods of attachment are known, among them, for example, attaching with clamps or ties located along the carrier at regular intervals, attaching by winding cables to the carrier with wire, cord or tape (the method is known as “lashing” technology), attaching by fiber optical cable to the supporting element.

A known method of suspending a fiber optic cable on an overhead power line wire, in particular on a lightning protection cable (US Pat. No. 4,715,582 of 12/29/1987, Furukawa Electric Co.), including pre-winding a measured fiber-optic cable of length to a coil and then winding fiber-optic cable from coil to wire in a spiral using a special winding device - a winding machine. This method allows you to suspend a fiber-optic cable (coiled cable) in the span between two supports, winding it onto an existing supporting element, namely a wire or cable, and the maximum allowable tensile strength of the cable can be significantly less than for a self-supporting cable, and this gives the ability to significantly reduce the transverse dimensions and linear weight of the winding cable compared to self-supporting. When winding, in particular on a cable, the winding machine rolls on rollers while moving along the cable, periodically wraps the coil with a cable around the cable, and the cable, reeling from the coil, is spirally laid on the cable, being pulled by a special tensioning device of the winding machine. The cable on the reel must be balanced by the weight attached to the rod on

opposite side with respect to the axis of rotation, the weight of which is determined by the mass of the cable on the coil, the deviation of its center of gravity from the axis of rotation and length rods. For winding, a special coiled fiber optic cable is used, the design of which has, as far as possible, the maximum reduced linear weight.

The method of attaching cables to the supporting element can also be applied to the task of constructing an FTTH air network (fiber to the home). FTTH networks have distribution cables to which drop couplings are connected, and drop cables that run from drop couplings to subscriber houses (E. Gaskevich, Aerial FTTH network for the private sector based on optical cable bundles. - FIRST MILA magazine Last Mile ", JV2 I, 2014). The number of houses connected to drop clutches is limited, for example, to 8, and one fiber passes from drop clutches to houses, in particular when using PON technology. In some cases, drop clutches are connected to the feeder part of the network star-shaped cables with a small number of fibers, for example containing up to 8 fibers. Cables intended for attachment to the supporting element and containing a small amount of fibers (from 1 to 8) can be thin, for example, have transverse dimensions up to 4 mm, and light, for example, have linear weight up to 10 kg / km. FTTH air networks, on the other hand

characterized by the fact that in the spans between supports located along the streets, several cables are simultaneously suspended, the length of each of which is limited to several hundred meters. Using navivny technology, it is possible to attach several thin distribution and drop cables on one bearing element, for example, on a strong self-supporting optical cable or on a cable, forming

A dense bundle of optical cables suspended on supports. To do this, it is necessary several times to wind the winding machine along the same supporting element with cables already wound on it, each time winding another cable. A machine will not damage already wound optical cables if it, together with the cable reel, is light enough and if the supporting elements with which it rests on a carrier element do not pry up already wound cables and do not get entangled in them. In addition, the weight of the machine should allow one installer to install it on the supporting element and remove it manually from the ladder.

A design of a winding machine is known (U.S. Pat. The shaft is mounted on a rotating casing of the machine, which covers two rollers with which the machine rests on a supporting element. The cable is pulled by a separate device, which is made in the form of a bar with rollers for cable, one of which can move along the bar, pulling the spring, and the coil has a brake mechanism, the braking force of which depends on the position of the movable roller. This type of winding machine is used for winding a cable with the number of fibers up to 72 onto lightning protection cables or phase wires of high-voltage power lines. In this case, the machine with the cable has a large weight, and it is installed on a wire or cable using a truck crane or a special lifting device. The design of the machine is well established for winding optical cables onto wires

high voltage power lines. It was for this task that it was proposed. The machine coil of this design is far from the axis of rotation of the machine around the supporting element due to the fact that the housing on which the shaft is mounted covers the support rollers. For balancing, an extended rod and an increased balancing weight are required.

Cable tensioning device increases the size of the machine and is not optimal in weight. All together, this makes it difficult to use this design to create an FTTH winding machine that allows multiple sequential winding of thin cables, namely, achieving compactness and low weight.

Another well-known winding machine (Patent RU 2309109) has a frame inside which a cassette of two coils is mounted on which a piece of optical cable is wound with transitions between them. The rotation drive of the machine is implemented as a separate unit, which is attached to the front wall of the frame. In the form of a separate unit, the rear support is also made, which is attached to the rear wall of the frame. The axis of the coils is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the machine and is separated from it by a fairly small distance. This gives

the ability to balance the machine with loads mounted on the frame without the use of a balancing bar. The machine rests on a supporting element with a front roller connected to the rotation transmission mechanism and a rear roller mounted on the frame in a bearing unit with bearings, which covers the bearing element and has a cutout for mounting on it. The bearings of the axis of the rear roller rotate freely in the support unit when the machine rotates in a plane perpendicular to the bearing element, and are not connected with the bearings of the axis of the front roller. After installation on the supporting element on the rear roller, a safety roller is installed from below so that both rollers cover the bearing element and hold the back of the machine on it at any tilt of the axis of the rear roller ("floating", the free position of the axes of the rear and safety rollers during rotation of the machine). To tension the cable, a special separate device is used, mounted on the rear wall of the machine frame. The design of the machine allows to reduce the aperture of its rotation and weight. However, the distribution of the cable in two coils creates the complexity of its winding on coils. The frame covering the coils, a separate cable tensioner, the “floating” support of the rear and safety rollers create additional weight for the machine, and the rollers themselves do not provide for the use of the machine for winding onto a supporting element with already wound cables. This well-known design has been successfully applied to a winding machine with manual installation on a wire, designed for winding a thin cable onto high and medium voltage power lines, and is not intended to solve the problem of multiple sequential windings. This technical solution is the closest among the known to the proposed utility model for a combination of features.

Utility Model Disclosure

 The task was to develop a winding machine for multiple sequential winding onto the carrier element of fiber optic cables with low linear weight, and the weight of the machine with cable should allow it to be installed on the carrier element and removed from the carrier element manually by one installer.

The machine must be such that when climbing stairs or in manholes, or when using an aerial platform, it can be installed manually on a carrier and used for multiple sequential winding of optical cables, in particular FTTH aerial cables onto carrier elements, in particular, on self-supporting optical cables and cables suspended on telecommunication poles, lighting poles, a contact network, low or medium voltage overhead power lines.

The technical result of the utility model consists in the fact that technical solutions have been found for the knots of the winding machine, which can significantly reduce its weight and simplify working with it, while the machine makes it possible to sequentially wind several optical cables onto the carrier without the risk of damage to the already wound cables, forming an optical cable harness, the use of which increases the efficiency of construction, in particular, FTTH aerial networks.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the winding machine for winding a fiber-optic cable onto a supporting element - a cable, wire or cable, with or without optical cables wound on it, comprising a frame, a coil for an optical cable with an axis fixed to the frame, a front roller leaning on a supporting element and rolling along it when winding the cable, a back support resting on the bearing element and covering it when winding the cable, a mechanical drive for converting the rotation of the front roller into the rotational movement of the machine frame around the supporting element when winding the cable, cable tensioning device when winding it, rollers for wiring the cable from the coil to the supporting element, load,

designed to balance the weight of the cable with adjustable balance,

stabilizing load on a suspension attached to a non-rotating part

mechanical rotation drive, characterized in that the rear support is attached to the frame without the possibility of rotation relative to it and made in the form of a detachable structure having at least two parts, one of which is rigidly attached to the frame and the other is attached to the frame so that allows you to open the support for installing the machine on a carrier element and close with a latch to cover the carrier with cables wound on it or without them surface in the form of the inner part of the ring surface, and the cable tension The composition is inside the drum reel. If the rear support is rigidly attached to the frame, then it can be spaced with the front support roller to such a distance that the length of the frame allows you to position the coil on it between the rotation drive and the rear support and bring it closer to the supporting element as close as possible. In addition, a flat coil can be used. All together allows you to bring the center of mass of the cable closer to the axis of rotation of the machine when winding to a minimum distance and thus reduce the weight of the counterweight mounted on the rod from the side of the machine opposite the cable to balance it relative to the axis of rotation, or reduce the length of the rod. The cable tensioner is located in the reel drum and is a compact unit with a low weight. This design of the machine allows to reduce the weight of the frame, the counterweight, the cable tensioning device, as well as the weight of the simplified rear support, since there is no need for a mechanism,

providing rotation of the rear support relative to the frame, and mechanically linking the rear support to the non-rotating part of the rotation drive. The rear support consists of at least two parts, one of which is diverted from the other, which allows you to install the machine on a bearing element or remove it from it. When closing the rear support of the machine mounted on the supporting element, the rear support covers it and holds the rotating frame of the machine in any position. The size of the hole in the buried rear support is such that a bundle in the form of a supporting element and cables previously wound on it can pass through it. Thus, a lightweight machine with a specific design of the rear support can allow another cable to be wound into a bundle without the risk of damage to already wound cables. In one embodiment of the utility model, a container is located inside the reel drum to accommodate the following elements, in whole or in part, in any combination: the inner end of a fiber optic cable bay, a branching device for single-fiber cables, single-fiber cables, optical connectors.

Such a container allows the use of a machine for winding into a bundle of single-fiber or multi-fiber cables terminated with connectors. This is important for creating FTTH networks because it allows you to connect fibers in many places without using

fiber welding procedures. For example, if the drop cable has connectors on both sides, and the drop clutch has an optical cross, then connecting the drop cable through a plug-in connection to both the drop clutch and the subscriber, there is no need to leave the optical mobile laboratory when the next subscriber is connected to the network.

In yet another possible implementation of the utility model, the coil is non-removable, and the outer cheek of the coil is removable and provides the ability to install a frameless cable bay on the coil.

This solution leads to significant savings when cutting the cable into separate sections - no separate coils for each bay are needed. Frameless coils should have a dense in-line cable laying, but this is necessary in any case if, when leaving the coil during winding, the cable is tensioned by the cable tensioning device located in the reel of the coil.

In another possible implementation of the utility model, the rear support, made in the form of a detachable structure, when winding the cable covers the supporting element with cables wound on it or without cables wound on it with an annular surface that slides when the cable is wound on the supporting element and, if any other wound cables.

This is the simplest technical solution for the rear support, which allows you to reduce its weight. The inner part of the support can be made of plastic, for example, from caprolon or fluoroplastic. On the other hand, the supporting element is a self-supporting optical cable or cable and cables wound around it, as a rule, have a plastic sheath, in particular a polyethylene sheath. The coefficient of friction of plastic on plastic can be quite small, which makes this solution applicable in practice when creating optical bundles of the FTTH network. In another possible implementation of the utility model, the rear support, made in the form of a detachable structure, contains at least two rollers whose axes are rigidly fixed to the parts of the support and, when the support is closed on the supporting element, the axes are perpendicular to the supporting element, and the rollers are closed , while the rollers have such a shape that they surround the supporting element with or without cables wound on it like an annular surface and roll along it when winding the cable.

The rear support of this design allows the use of a winding machine for winding an optical cable, in particular, onto a metal cable or wire onto which other optical cables can already be wound. Friction on a metal cable or wire does not allow the use of a sliding rear support. The support rotates with the frame of the machine, and this simplifies its design and reduces its weight.

In yet another possible implementation of the utility model, parts of a winding machine rotating during winding around a load-bearing element are enclosed by a removable protective cover attached to a non-rotating part of the machine.

The protective cover allows optical cables to be wound onto a support element, which, for example, is surrounded by tree branches, pushing the branches apart and preventing them from falling into moving parts of the machine. The use of a protective casing is necessary, in particular, in the construction of FTTH air networks in southern cities in areas of old private buildings, where there are many green spaces on the streets. The diameter of the casing is determined by the dimensions of the coil or the length of the counterweight rod.

Brief Description of the Drawings

 Figure 1 - Winding machine.

 Figure 2 - Cable reel with a removable external cheek and with a container for optical connectors and a cable tensioner located inside its drum.

 Fig.Z - Sliding rear support.

 Figure 4 - Rear support with locking rollers.

 Figure 5 - Winding machine in a protective casing.

 In the figures:

 1 - winding machine;

 2 - The bearing element of the hanged bundle of optical cables;

 3 - Coiled optical cable;

 4 - Spiral optical cable;

5 - Drive rotation; 6 - Frame;

 7 - Coil for cable;

 8 - back support;

 9 - Rollers for cable wiring;

 10 - Cone for cable release;

 11 - Fixed load counterweight;

 12 - Removable counterweight;

 13 - Counterweight bar;

 14 - Suspension with stabilizing weight at the end;

 15 - Rope for manual broaching of the machine;

 16 - Front roller;

 17 - Non-rotating casing of the rotation drive mechanism;

 18 - axis of the coil for cable;

 19 - Removable cheek reels;

 20 - Nut fixing the cheeks of the coil;

 21 - Frameless bay optical cable;

 22 - Optical connectors of the inner end of the cable bay;

 23 - Drum coils;

 24 - Container for placement of optical connectors;

 25 - Cable tensioning device;

 26 - Brake drum;

 27 - Brake pads;

 28 - spiral spring;

 29 - One way clutch;

 30 - Fixed part of the rear support;

 31 - The reclining part of a back support;

 32 - Loop;

 33 - Castle;

 34 - An annular sliding surface;

 35 - Rollers of a back support;

 36 - An annular surface inside the hole formed by closed rollers;

 37 - Plastic inserts;

 38 - a protective casing;

39 - Longitudinal gap in the casing; 40 - Branches of trees;

 A - closed rear support, covering the optical harness (supporting element with a wound cable);

 B - open rear support for installing (removing) the machine on a supporting element or optical harness.

Utility Model Implementation

 One of the implementations of the utility model, but this implementation is not limited, is the winding machine 1. It is intended, in particular, for multiple

sequentially winding FTTH distribution and drop cables onto a supporting element 2, in particular, a self-supporting optical cable with a polyethylene sheath or a dielectric cable in a polyethylene sheath. In front of the machine there is a rotation drive 5, the non-rotating body of which is closed by a casing 17. The rotation drive 5 converts the rotation of the front support roller 16 into the rotation of the frame of the machine 6 using the gear mechanism. The front support roller 16 has a groove of such dimensions so that engagement of the next cable 4 eliminates engagement already wound cables 3. The gear ratio is such that when moving the machine 35 cm along the supporting element 2, the frame 6, together with all the machine units attached to it, makes one revolution around the supporting element and 2. To stabilize the non-rotating parts of the rotary drive 5, its front body is attached to the hanger 14

stabilizing weight at the end. A rope 15 is hooked to the suspension 14, for which the machine 1 is manually pulled along the supporting element 2, winding the cable 4. The frame 6 is made in the form of a channel, the middle wall of which is close to the supporting element 2 when the machine 1 is installed on it at a minimum distance, which excludes the frame from touching 6 of the carrier 2 and cables previously wound thereon 3. At the rear end of the machine 1, the rear support 8 is rigidly fixed to the frame 6. The support 8 is in the closed state A when winding and covers the carrier 2 with cables 3 wound on it, and when installed cars n and the supporting element 2 or removal from it, in the open state B. For opening-closing, the reclining part 31 of the support is attached to the loop 32 to the fixed part 30, and the closed state is fixed by the lock 33.

In one implementation of the utility model, but not limited to this, the rear support 8 in the closed state forms an annular surface 34 around the carrier 2 with cables 3 wound thereon, which during winding slides along the carrier 2 and cables 3 wound thereon, holding the back of the frame 6 on it.

The carrier element 2 and the wound cables 3 have, in particular, a sheath of plastic, for example, polyethylene, and the annular surface is formed, in particular, by the plastic parts of the rear support 8, for example, made of caprolon or fluoroplastic, and have a low coefficient of friction with the material of the sheath of the supporting element and coiled cables.

 In another implementation of the utility model, but not limited to this, the rear support 8 contains two rollers 35, the axis of the first is fixed in a fixed part 30 of the rear support, and the second in the tilt part 31, and the axis of the rollers

 perpendicular to the supporting element 2 when the machine 1 is installed on it. In the closed state A of the rear support 8, the rollers 35 are closed and their troughs form a circular hole with an annular surface 36 passing through the contact points of the rollers, inside of which the supporting element 2 with coiled cables 3 passes. In front of the places where the rollers touch, without blocking the holes, plastic inserts 37 are mounted, fixed to the fixed part 30 of the rear support and, as it were, continuing the annular surface 36. The inserts 37 have a shape that allows filling the space Between the places where the rollers 35 are clamped so that the winded cables 3 do not get caught between the rollers 35 at their places of contact, and when winding the inserts 37 they should not touch the carrier 2. The inserts 37 prevent the parts of the rear support 8, in particular the rollers 35, from winding the cables from being caught 3 when winding onto an optical bundle — a supporting element 2 with wound cables 3. An annular surface 36 inside the hole formed by two closed rollers rolls longitudinally along the supporting element 2 and cables 3 wound thereon while winding another cable 4 and one belt

slips in the transverse direction due to rotation. The use of a rear support with rollers is necessary with a large coefficient of friction of the sliding support against the supporting element, for example, if optical cables are wound onto an aluminum wire or steel cable. In another embodiment of the rear support with rollers, the number of rollers is more than two.

 On the frame 6 of the winding machine, in addition to the rear support, there are placed rollers 9 for cable routing from the coil 7 to the supporting element 2, a cone for releasing the cable 10, the axis 18 of the coil for the cable and the counterweight rod 13. A fixed load 11 is fixed to the counterweight rod 13, and to it additional removable loads 12 are attached, the quantity and weight of which is determined depending on the amount of cable in the bay 21 on the coil 7.

The outer cheek 19 of the coil 7 is removable. This allows you to install on the coil frameless bay 21 coiled optical cable, which is fastened, for example, with plastic clamps. After installing the bay 21 on the drum 23 of the coil, the inner end of the bay with an optical connector (s) 22 is placed in a container 24 for placement optical connectors located inside the drum 23 of the coil. Bay 21

 is pressed by a removable cheek 19, which is fixed with a nut 20, and the plastic clamps on the bay 21 are cut and removed. The outer end of the coil 21 of the winded cable 4, which can also be terminated with connectors, is carried out in the rollers 9, released through the cone 10 onto the supporting element and attached to it at the beginning of the span. Holding out

winding machine 1 along the supporting element 2 along the span, carry out the winding of the cable 4.

 In the process of winding the cable 4 is tensioned by a tension device 25, which

located inside the drum 23 of the coil. The tension device includes a brake drum 26 attached to the drum 23 of the coil, brake pads 27 to which the outer end of the coil spring 28 is attached. The inner end of the coil spring 28 is mounted on a freewheel 29 located on the axis 18 of the coil. At the beginning of the winding process, the spiral spring twists and gains potential energy, providing a certain moment of force acting on the coil 7, and thereby the spring 28 through the coil 7 pulls the cable 4 during winding. Then, with a certain amount of winding of the spring 28, the brake pads 27 begin to slip along the brake drum 26 and continue to slip until the winding machine 1 stops. During movement, the coil 7 pulls the cable 4. When the machine 1 stops, the coil 7 also pulls the cable 4. The tension remains when the machine 1 rolls back, such that the spring 28 is still in tension. The tension of the cable 4 by the spring 28 through the coil 7 is acceptable if the cable 4 is laid in the bay 21 in the form of a dense in-line layout, eliminating the failure of the cable 4 between the turns of the bay 21 when it is tensioned. The overrunning clutch 29 does not allow the spring 28 to be unwound by rotation of the coil 7 in the direction opposite to the winding of the cable 4 and protects the spring 28 from breaking.

For another implementation of the utility model, but not limited to this implementation, a protective casing 38 is used, which is put on the winding machine 1 and attached to the non-rotating casing 17 of the rotation drive. The casing 38 covers the rotating parts of the machine 1, such as a coil 7 with a cable reel 21, a rod 13 with counterweights 11 and 12, and a frame with other elements located on it. The diameter of the casing 38 is determined by the size of the coil 7 or the length of the rod 13 of the counterweight. For one implementation of the utility model, the center of gravity of the coil 7 with the cable bay 21 is located close enough to the axis of rotation of the frame 6 of the machine 1, and the rod 13 can be made so short that the diameter of the casing 38 will be determined only by the dimensions of the coil 7. The casing 38 has a longitudinal slot 39 for installation on the supporting element 2 of the machine 1 with a casing 38 worn over it. The casing 38 protects, for example, from the branches of trees 40 the rotating parts of the machine 1 while winding onto bearing elements suspended in the spans between supports in the streets, where there are many overgrown green spaces.

In one implementation of the utility model, but not limited to this implementation, the winding machine 1 is designed for winding distribution cables with

number of fibers up to 8 and single-fiber drop FTTH network cables. AND

distribution and drop cables have transverse dimensions of 2 mm by 4 mm and linear weight of 8 kg / km. Cables are terminated by connectors on both sides. Maximum

the recommended cable drop length is 150 m. The winding machine with a cable of 150 m weighs 7.5 kg. The maximum cable bay length that can be installed on the machine is 350 m. Long lengths are used for distribution cable. At the same time, a machine with a cable bay 350 m long and added counterweight weights weighs 10.5 kg. An aluminum protective casing with a diameter of 40 cm weighs 3 kg. This weight of the machine with the cable allows one installer to manually install it on the supporting element from the aerial platform basket or from the stairs. The light weight of the machine does not pose a threat of damage to already wound cables during multiple windings, and the design of the front roller and rear support prevents their engagement with the machine and tangling in parts of the machine.

Claims

Formula  1. A winding machine designed for winding a fiber-optic cable onto a supporting element - a cable, wire or cable, as well as for winding a fiber-optic cable onto a supporting element with fiber-optic cables wound on it, comprising a frame, a coil for fiber-optic cable with an axis mounted on the frame, a front roller resting on a supporting element or on a supporting element with fiber optic cables wound thereon and rolling along it while winding the cable, a back support resting on the supporting element or on supporting element with fiber optic cables wound on it and  covering the supporting element or the supporting element and fiber-optic cables wound thereon while winding the cable, a mechanical drive for converting the rotation of the front roller into the rotational movement of the machine frame around the supporting element when winding the cable, cable tensioning device when winding it, load designed to balance the weight cable with the ability to adjust the balance, stabilizing the load on the suspension attached to the non-rotating part of the mechanical rotation drive, characterized in that the rear support is attached lena to the frame without the possibility of rotation relative thereto, formed as a split design and comprises at least two parts, one of which is rigidly  attached to the frame, and the other is attached to the frame so that it can open the support for mounting the machine on a support element or on a support element with fiber optic cables wound thereon and close with fixation to a part of the support rigidly attached to the frame to cover the support element or a bearing element with cables wound thereon in the form of an inner part of the ring surface.  2. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable tensioning device in its entirety is located inside the reel drum.  3. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable tensioning device comprises a coil spring.  4. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable tensioning device comprises at least one brake shoe.  5. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the cable tensioning device comprises an overrunning clutch.  6. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the reel drum there is a container for accommodating the following elements in whole or in part in any combination: the inner end of the fiber optic cable bay, a branching device for single-fiber cables, single-fiber cables, optical connectors.  7. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the coil is non-removable and the outer cheek of the coil is removable and allows the frameless cable bay to be installed on the coil.  8. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear support, made in the form of a detachable structure, while winding the cable, covers the supporting element or the supporting element with cables wound on it with an annular surface that slides when the cable is wound along the supporting element or along the supporting element and other cables wound on it.  9. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear support, made in the form of a detachable structure, contains at least two rollers whose axes are rigidly fixed to the parts of the support and, when the support is closed on the supporting element, the axes are perpendicular to the bearing element, and the rollers are closed, while the rollers have such a shape that they cover the supporting element or the supporting element with cables wound on it like an annular surface and roll along it when winding the cable.  10. The winding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that its parts rotating around the supporting element during winding are enclosed by a removable casing attached to the non-rotating part of the machine.