[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2016007061A1 - Terminal de transmission, terminal de réception, et procédés correspondants - Google Patents

Terminal de transmission, terminal de réception, et procédés correspondants Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016007061A1
WO2016007061A1 PCT/SE2015/050155 SE2015050155W WO2016007061A1 WO 2016007061 A1 WO2016007061 A1 WO 2016007061A1 SE 2015050155 W SE2015050155 W SE 2015050155W WO 2016007061 A1 WO2016007061 A1 WO 2016007061A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pilot
sequence
bits
data
symbol sequence
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE2015/050155
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yi-Pin Eric Wang
Leif Wilhelmsson
Bo Hagerman
Ali S. Khayrallah
Michael SAMUEL BEBAWY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Publication of WO2016007061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016007061A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H04L25/0226—Channel estimation using sounding signals sounding signals per se
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/186—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual signal points belong, e.g. coset coding or related schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H04L27/26134—Pilot insertion in the transmitter chain, e.g. pilot overlapping with data, insertion in time or frequency domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a transmitting terminal, a receiving terminal and methods performed therein.
  • Embodiments relate to wireless communications and in particular to pilot symbol solutions for digital modulations with memory effects.
  • wireless devices also known as mobile stations and/or user equipments (UEs) communicate via a Radio Access Network (RAN) to one or more core networks.
  • the RAN covers a geographical area which is divided into cell areas, with each cell area being served by a base station, e.g., a radio base station (RBS), which in some networks may also be called, for example, a "NodeB" or "eNodeB".
  • RBS radio base station
  • a cell is a geographical area where radio coverage is provided by the radio base station at a base station site or an antenna site in case the antenna and the radio base station are not collocated.
  • Each cell is identified by an identity within the local radio area, which is broadcast in the cell. Another identity identifying the cell uniquely in the whole wireless communication network is also broadcasted in the cell.
  • One base station may have one or more cells. The base stations communicate over the air interface operating on radio frequencies with the wireless devices within range of the base stations.
  • a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System is a third generation mobile communication system, which evolved from the second generation (2G) Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM).
  • the UMTS terrestrial radio access network is essentially a RAN using wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) and/or High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) for wireless devices.
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • HSPA High Speed Packet Access
  • telecommunications suppliers propose and agree upon standards for third generation networks and UTRAN specifically, and investigate enhanced data rate and radio capacity.
  • a controller node such as a radio network controller (RNC) or a base station controller (BSC), which supervises and coordinates various activities of the plural base stations connected thereto.
  • RNCs are typically connected to one or more core networks.
  • EPS Evolved Packet System
  • E-UTRAN Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • SAE System Architecture Evolution
  • E-UTRAN/LTE is a variant of a 3GPP radio access technology wherein the radio base stations are directly connected to the EPC core network rather than to RNCs.
  • the functions of a RNC are distributed between the radio base stations, e.g. eNodeBs in LTE, and the core network.
  • the Radio Access Network (RAN) of an EPS has an essentially "flat" architecture comprising radio base stations without reporting to RNCs.
  • GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
  • DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
  • PA Power Amplifier
  • GMSK Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
  • Coherent demodulation has a potential to improve receiver sensitivity, but it requires known pilot symbols.
  • pilot symbols are clustered and placed in the middle of a slot, as illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • pilot symbols are code-division multiplexed as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • pilot symbols are distributed in time and frequency as illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • Distributed pilots are advantageous in tracking channel variations in time or in frequency. In all these systems, pilot bits and symbols are pre-determined and not dependent of data symbols.
  • the distributed pilot solution works well for digital modulations without memory effect, it does not work for modulation schemes like GFSK, Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK), DBPSK, GMSK, etc., which all exhibit a memory effect, i.e. the phase and/or amplitude in a previous symbol period has an effect on the phase and/or amplitude in a current symbol period.
  • modulation schemes like GFSK, Differential Phase-Shift Keying (DPSK), DBPSK, GMSK, etc.
  • An object of embodiments herein is to provide a mechanism for tracking channel variations effectively when using a digital modulation scheme with a memory effect as defined herein.
  • the object is achieved by providing a method performed by a transmitting terminal for transmitting a symbol sequence to a receiving terminal.
  • the transmitting terminal determines one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence, which pilot bit sequence is preceded by one or more data bit sequences.
  • the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence are determined by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the transmitting terminal generates a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal by modulating the pilot bit sequence with the determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the transmitting terminal further performs a transmission of the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal.
  • the object is achieved by providing a transmitting terminal for transmitting a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal.
  • the transmitting terminal is configured to determine one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence, which pilot bit sequence is preceded by one or more data bit sequences.
  • the transmitting terminal is configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the transmitting terminal is further configured to generate a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal by modulating the pilot bit sequence with the determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the transmitting terminal is furthermore configured to perform a transmission of the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal.
  • the object is achieved by providing a method performed by a receiving terminal for receiving a symbol sequence modulated using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the receiving terminal receives a symbol sequence from a transmitting terminal.
  • the symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence, wherein the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence.
  • the receiving terminal further obtains a channel estimate based on the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence of the received symbol sequence, and on a pilot symbol sequence pattern known at the receiving terminal.
  • the receiving terminal furthermore demodulates, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence using the obtained channel estimate.
  • the object is achieved by providing a receiving terminal for receiving a symbol sequence modulated using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the receiving terminal is configured to receive a symbol sequence from a transmitting terminal, which symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence.
  • the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence.
  • the receiving terminal is further configured to obtain a channel estimate based on the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence of the received symbol sequence, and on a pilot symbol sequence pattern known at the receiving terminal.
  • the receiving terminal is further configured to demodulate, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence using the obtained channel estimate.
  • the receiving terminal By determining one or more pilot bits in the pilot sequence based on the one or more data bits in a preceding data bit sequence, the determined pilot bit, when being modulated with the digital modulation scheme with memory effect, will be the pilot symbol known at the receiving terminal. Thus, the receiving terminal will be able to perform a channel estimate. Furthermore, according to some embodiments, by distributing the full pilot bit sequence into the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence the receiving terminal may obtain a channel estimate then demodulate, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence that have been modulated using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect using the obtained channel estimate.
  • Figure 1 is an illustration of mid-amble pilot symbol arrangement in GSM.
  • Figure 2 is an illustration of code division multiplexed pilot symbol arrangement in WC DMA/UMTS.
  • Figure 3 is an illustration of a distributed pilot symbol arrangement in Long Term Evolution, LTE, where "D” stands for data symbol and “P” stands for pilot symbol.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic overview depicting a wireless communication network according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a digital modulation operation at a transmitting terminal.
  • Figure 7 is an illustration if distributed pilot schemes with multiple pilot bit sequences distributed in time.
  • Figure 10 is a combined flowchart and signalling scheme depicting embodiments herein.
  • Figure 1 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method performed by a transmitting terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • pilot bits are represented by shaded boxes.
  • a first bit of a second pilot bit sequence is in this example determined by the modulo-2 sum of all the pilot and data bits preceding it.
  • pilot bits are represented by shaded boxes.
  • a first bit of a third pilot bit sequence is determined by the modulo-2 sum of the four data bits in the data bit sequence immediately preceding it.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic flowchart of a method performed by a receiving terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 15a is an illustration of a state transition according to rotated GFSK or DBPSK received signal.
  • Figure 15b is an illustration of possible trellis states of a received symbol sequence.
  • Figure 15c is an illustration of a trellis path.
  • Figure 15d is an illustration of a trellis path.
  • Figure 16 is a block diagram depicting a transmitting terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 17 is a block diagram depicting a receiving terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 18 is a block diagram of a transmitting terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 19 is a block diagram of a transmitting terminal according to embodiments herein.
  • Figure 20 is a block diagram of an arrangement in a transmitting terminal according to embodiments herein. Detailed description
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic overview depicting a wireless communication network 1.
  • the wireless communication network 1 comprises one or more RANs and one or more CNs.
  • the wireless communication network 1 may use a number of different technologies, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Global System for Mobile communications/Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution (GSM/EDGE), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), or Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), just to mention a few possible implementations.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GSM/EDGE Global System for Mobile communications/Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution
  • WiMax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • the wireless communication network 1 is exemplified herein as an LTE network using bluetooth.
  • a receiving terminal 10 exemplified as a wireless device, also known as a receiving communication device, e.g. a mobile station, a user equipment and/or a wireless terminal, communicates via a RAN to one or more CNs.
  • wireless device is a non-limiting term which means any wireless terminal, user equipment, Machine Type Communication (MTC) device, a Device to Device (D2D) terminal, or node e.g. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), laptop, mobile phone, sensor, relay, mobile tablets or even a small base station communicating within respective cell.
  • MTC Machine Type Communication
  • D2D Device to Device
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the wireless communication network 1 covers a geographical area which is divided into cell areas, e.g. a cell 11 being served by a radio access network node.
  • the radio access network node is an example of a transmitting terminal 12 also known as a transmitting communication device.
  • the radio access network node may also be referred to as a radio base station such as a NodeB, an evolved Node B (eNB, eNode B), a base transceiver station, Access Point Base Station, base station router, or any other network unit capable of communicating with a wireless device within the cell 1 1 served by the radio access network node depending e.g. on the radio access technology and terminology used.
  • the radio access network node may serve one or more cells, such as the cell 1 1 .
  • a cell is a geographical area where radio coverage is provided by radio base station equipment at a base station site or at remote locations in Remote Radio Units (RRU).
  • the cell definition may also incorporate frequency bands and radio access technology used for transmissions, which means that two different cells may cover the same geographical area but using different frequency bands.
  • Each cell is identified by an identity within the local radio area, which is broadcast in the cell. Another identity identifying the cell 1 1 uniquely in the whole wireless communication network 1 is also broadcasted in the cell 1 1 .
  • the radio access network node communicates over the air or radio interface operating on radio frequencies with the wireless device within range of the radio access network node.
  • the wireless device transmits data over the radio interface to the radio access network node in Uplink (UL) transmissions and the radio access network node transmits data over an air or radio interface to the wireless device in
  • UL Uplink
  • the receiving terminal 10 is exemplified as a wireless device and the transmitting terminal 12 is exemplified as a radio access network node.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be the wireless device and the receiving terminal 10 may be the radio access network node, or both the receiving terminal 10 and the transmitting terminal 12 may be wireless devices, e.g. sensors, communicating.
  • a method of arranging distributed pilot symbols to facilitate reliable channel estimation and robust coherent demodulation of digital modulation schemes with memory effect e.g., GFSK, DPSK, DBPSK, GMSK, etc. are provided herein.
  • a method of demodulating pilot signals and data symbols in parallel in a received transmission is provided.
  • Multiple pilot bit sequences of a full pilot bit sequence may be distributed in a radio resource or unit, e.g., time slot, burst, subframe, etc., and one or more bits in at least one of the pilot bit sequences may be determined based on one or more transmitted data bit in a data bit sequence.
  • the solution of embodiments herein allows digital modulation schemes with memory effect, e.g., GFSK, DPSK, DBPSK, GMSK, to take advantage of distributed pilots to improve coherent demodulation performance and be robust to radio imperfects such as frequency error, frequency drift, and modulation index error.
  • Disclosed solutions also enable parallel demodulation processing for received symbols with modulation memory effect.
  • any digital modulation scheme with memory effect which means any modulation scheme in which phase and/or amplitude in a current symbol period t(/c) may be determined by (i) data bit (or bits) in the current symbol period and (ii) phase and/or amplitude in a previous symbol period t(k - 1).
  • the phase and/or amplitude changes from the previous symbol period to the current symbol period may be determined by data or pilot bit (or bits) in the current symbol period.
  • Such digital modulation schemes exhibit memory effect since the phase and/or amplitude in the previous symbol period has an effect on the phase and/or amplitude in the current symbol period as e.g. in all differential phase shift keying modulations.
  • Modulations such as Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) and Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK), Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK),
  • GFSK is e.g. used in BLE devices.
  • GMSK is e.g. used in GSM/ Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution (EDGE) radio base station nodes and user equipments.
  • EDGE Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution
  • DBPSK is used in e.g. a SIGFOX network, which is a network providing cellular connectivity for the Internet of Things, fully dedicated to low-throughput communications.
  • a GFSK modulation scheme will be used as an example to illustrate an example of embodiments disclosed herein. But as stated above embodiments disclosed herein apply generally to any digital modulation with memory effect, such as GMSK, DPSK, DBPSK, etc.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a modulation operation at a transmitting terminal.
  • a modulator 51 produces a modulated signal responsive to an input total bit sequence.
  • the total bit sequence may comprise of multiple pilot bit sequences and multiple data bit sequences.
  • the multiple pilot bit sequences may be distributed. For example, one data bit sequence may be preceded by one pilot bit sequence.
  • the modulated signal may be viewed as a sequence of modulated symbol, each of which is responsive to a bit value in a total bit sequence.
  • a modulated symbol further depends on one or more of its preceding modulation symbols.
  • Fig. 6 the phase of the modulated symbol at symbol period k-1 is represented by point A in the ln-phase - Quadrature phase (l-Q) diagram.
  • Embodiments of the methods disclosed herein generally apply to any bit mappings used in a digital modulation with memory effect.
  • FIG. 7 An exemplifying distributed pilot solution is illustrated in Fig. 7.
  • multiple pilot bit sequences out of a full pilot bit sequence are distributed in time with one data bit sequence placed between two pilot bit sequences.
  • the purpose of placing pilot symbols amidst data symbols is to establish phase and/or amplitude references for the receiver to estimate the phase and amplitude changes introduced by the propagation channel and/or radio imperfections.
  • Distributing pilot bit sequences across time makes it possible to track variations of the channel in time. This may be advantageous in high Doppler channels or in situations where radio imperfections result in higher probability of synchronisation failure during data reception.
  • the digital modulation scheme is Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), or any digital modulation without memory effect
  • BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • the transmitted pilot symbols are determined by the pilot bits.
  • the receiving terminal is able to establish phase and amplitude references, with which the unknown phase and amplitude introduced by the propagation channel and radio imperfections may be estimated.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show two examples of bit and symbol sequences according to e.g. the GFSK modulated in BLE disclosing the problem identified herein in Fig. 9. Note that a "0" binary value causes a 90-degree rotation and "1 " binary value causes a -90-degree rotation. In these two examples, pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence are kept the same, but data bits of the data bit sequence are different.
  • the second transmitted pilot symbol sequences are different in these two examples making the receiving terminal unable to perform the channel estimation. This is because the transmitted pilot symbols are affected by the data bits due to the memory effect. It is however necessary that the transmitted pilot symbol sequences are according to specific patterns, known or pre-agreed upon between the transmitting and receiving terminals. For coherent demodulation at the receiving terminal, the receiving terminal looks for such specific patterns as amplitude and/or phase references, with which the unknown channel coefficients of the propagation channel may be inferred. When pilot symbol sequences become data bit sequence dependent, the receiving terminal loses amplitude and/or phase references, and as a result the unknown channel coefficients cannot be estimated.
  • pilot bits in at least one of the pilot bit sequences are determined based on one or more data bits and optionally also one or more pilot bits.
  • Fig. 10 is a combined signalling scheme and flowchart according to embodiments herein.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 generates a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal 10 by modulating the pilot bit sequence with a determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the determined pilot bit/s are determined by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • Action 1002 The transmitting terminal 12 performs a transmission or transmits the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal 10.
  • the receiving terminal 10 demodulates the symbol sequence using the pattern known at the receiving terminal 10.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 determines one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence.
  • the pilot bit sequence is preceded by one or more data bit sequences.
  • the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence are determined by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence may be determined by a modulo-2 sum of at least one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences immediately preceding said one or more pilot bits.
  • the pilot bit sequence is preceded, but separated in time by the one or more data bit sequences, by one or more pilot bit sequences.
  • the one or more pilot bit in the pilot bit sequence may be determined by further taking into account one or more pilot bits in the one or more pilot bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence may be determined by a modulo-2 sum of all bits preceding the one or more pilot bits.
  • a full pilot bit sequence may be distributed between the data bit sequences, e.g.
  • the pilot bit sequence is one out of multiple pilot bit sequences of the full pilot bit sequence distributed in time.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may determine one first pilot bit in the pilot bit sequence and further pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence are fixed values.
  • a default pilot bit sequence may be ⁇ 1 V and only the first bit may be changed based on the previous data bits.
  • Action 1102. The transmitting terminal 12 generates, as shown also in Action 1001 above, a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal 10 by modulating the pilot bit sequence with the determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the digital modulation scheme with memory effect may be one of: GFSK, DBPSK, GMSK, and DPSK. This corresponds to action 1001 in fig. 10.
  • Action 1103. The transmitting terminal 12 performs a transmission of the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal 10. This corresponds to the action 1002 in fig. 10.
  • the first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence may, for example, be determ ined as stated above with
  • the first pilot bit within the second pilot bit sequence varies according to the values in the data bit sequences.
  • the transmitted pilot symbols in the pilot symbol sequence may be made independent of the data bits when a digital modulation with the memory effect such as GFSK is used. According to embodiments herein this is done by taking into account the data bits when determining the one or more bits in the pilot bit sequence, see action 1 101 above.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may use the pilot symbols to establish phase and amplitude references. As a result, reliable channel estimation may be obtained at the receiving terminal 10.
  • the value of the first bit in the second pilot bit sequence may be determined by all the preceding bit values, in some cases it is sufficient to determine the value of the first bit in a pilot bit sequence based on one or more data bits in the immediate preceding data bit sequence.
  • An example of action 1 101 is provided in Fig. 13. According to this example, the first bit of the third pilot bit sequence out of the full pilot bit sequence is determined by the modulo-2 sum of the four data bits in the data bit sequence immediately preceding it.
  • the method actions performed by the receiving terminal 10 for receiving a symbol sequence modulated using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect will now be described with reference to a flowchart depicted in Fig. 14.
  • the actions do not have to be taken in the order stated below, but may be taken in any suitable order.
  • the digital modulation scheme may be one of: GFSK, DBPSK, GMSK, and DPSK.
  • the receiving terminal 10 receives a symbol sequence from the transmitting terminal 12.
  • the symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence.
  • the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence.
  • the receiving terminal 10 obtains a channel estimate based on the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence of the received symbol sequence, and on a pilot symbol sequence pattern known at the receiving terminal 10.
  • the receiving terminal 10 demodulates, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence using the obtained channel estimate. E.g. the receiving terminal 10 performs a trellis based demodulation.
  • the distributed pilot solution e.g. when the symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence, wherein the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence, may be used to enable parallel demodulation in the receiving terminal 10.
  • Trellis based demodulation may be used for demodulating received signal of GFSK, GMSK, DBPSK, etc.
  • a state transition scheme illustrated in Fig. 15a may be used for demodulating GFSK or DBPSK received signal.
  • the trellis has two states, and when the input bit has value 0 the trellis stays at the same state, but when the input bit has value 1 the trellis switches to a different state.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 transmits symbol 1 ; whereas if the trellis is at state D, the transmitting terminal 12 transmits symbol -1 .
  • a trellis shown in Fig. 15b may be used to demodulate a 1 st data bit sequence, e.g. 4-bit long, and 2 nd data bit sequence, e.g. 4-bit long. Taking the decision on the 1 st bit in the 2 nd data bit sequence as an example, due to the memory effect in the modulation, the decision needs to account for all the trellis paths.
  • FIGs 15c and 15d illustrate two trellis paths.
  • Figure 15c shows a trellis path containing the bit of interest, i.e., 1 st bit in the 2 nd data bit sequence, with value 0, represented by the solid-line transition at the trellis stage corresponding to the bit of interest.
  • Figure 15d shows a trellis path containing the bit of interest, i.e., 1 st bit in the 2 nd data bit sequence, with value 1 , represented by the dashed- line transition at the trellis stage corresponding to the bit of interest.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may need to check all the possible trellis paths and identify the most likely path. If the most likely path contains a solid-line transition path corresponding to the bit of interest, the bit of interest is determined to be 0, whereas if the most likely path contains a dashed-line transition path
  • the bit of interest is determined to be 1 .
  • the entire trellis path comprises of state transitions corresponding to bits in the 1 st data bit sequence and state transitions corresponding to bits in the 2 nd data bit sequence, and thus the decision regarding bits in the 2 nd data bit sequence is coupled with that regarding bits in the 1 st data bit sequence.
  • any trellis portion before that state is irrelevant to making decisions on bit transitions subsequent to the known state.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may receive a synchronization sequence that helps the receiving terminal 10 to establish a reference timing at the receiving terminal 10. The receiving terminal 10 then looks for the synchronization sequence in the received burst.
  • the receiving terminal 10 After finding the synchronisation sequence, the receiving terminal 10 knows that X symbol from the end of the synchronization sequence is the first symbol of the 1 st data symbol sequence and Y symbol from the end of the synchronization sequence is the first symbol of the 1 st pilot symbol sequence. Thus the receiving terminal 10 knows exactly which symbols are data symbols and which symbols are pilot symbols.
  • the pilot symbol sequence pattern is known as (1 , 1 , 1 , 1 ), which corresponds to state sequence ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ) on the trellis.
  • the trellis portion before these known trellis states becomes irrelevant to making decision on the state transitions subsequent to these known trellis states.
  • the decision regarding bits in the 2 nd data bit sequence is decoupled with that regarding bits in the 1 st data bit sequence. This allows the demodulation process of the second data symbol sequence to start without having a need to wait for the demodulation of the first data symbol sequence to be completed. Hence, the demodulation may be performed in parallel.
  • [1 1 1 1 ] is the pilot symbol sequence, but the solid/dashed line corresponds to a pilot bit value. So the pilot bit sequence in Fig 15c corresponds to "0 0 0 0", and the pilot bit sequence in Fig. 15d corresponds to "1 0 0 0”.
  • Embodiments herein disclose methods performed by the transmitting terminal 12 for determining one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence, and for generating a desired pilot symbol sequence when the pilot bit sequence preceded by one or more data bit sequences and one or more pilot bit sequences is modulated by a modulator using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be a wireless device such as e.g. a User Equipment, personal digital assistant, laptop, mobile phone or any other device having capabilities for communicating wirelessly with another terminal, node or device in, or connected to, a wireless communication network.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may further be a network node, e.g. such as a base station, Node B, evolved Node B, router, or gateway.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may transmit data symbols and pilot symbols to the receiving terminal 10.
  • the pattern of the pilot symbol sequence also referred to as pilot symbol pattern, may have been pre-determined or pre- agreed upon, in other words, the pattern of the pilot symbol sequence is known to the transmitting terminal 12 and the receiving terminal 10.
  • a modulator in the transmitting terminal 12 may convert or translate a bit sequence to a symbol sequence to be transmitted to the receiving terminal 10, see e.g. figure 16 and figure 10.
  • the receiving terminal 10 will then receive the symbol sequence and translate it to a corresponding bit sequence.
  • the patterns of the pilot symbols of the pilot symbol sequence are known, or pre-agreed upon, to both the transmitting terminal 12 and the receiving terminal 10.
  • pilot bit sequences are inserted in places in the data bit sequence, the original data bit sequence thus being divided into more than one data bit sequences, again see e.g. figure 12.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 transmits the sequences of data and the sequences of pilot bits
  • the transmitting terminal 12 modulates, e.g. converts or translates, the sequences of data and the sequences of pilot bits to symbol sequences of data symbols and pilot symbols.
  • the original data bit sequence is [0101 1 100].
  • 3 pilot bits are inserted for every 4 data bits.
  • the 8 data bits are divided into two data bit sequences, i.e., [0101 ] and [1 100], and before each of these data bit sequences, a pilot bit sequence is inserted.
  • the transmitting and the receiving terminals agree that the pilot symbol sequences are [-j, -1 , j] and [1 , -j, -1 ], which is then known at the transmitting terminal 12 and the receiving terminal 10.
  • symbol value 1 is represented by a dot on the positive x-axis
  • symbol value -1 is represented by a dot on the negative x-axis
  • symbol value j is represented by a dot on the positive y-axis
  • symbol value -j is represented by a dot on the negative y-axis.
  • the first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence needs to be data dependent.
  • the first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence is determined by the modulo-2 sum of all the bit preceding to it, 1 +1 +1 +0+1 +0+1 gives a modulo sum of 1 , and therefore.
  • the first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence is determined to have value 1 .
  • Each of the 2 and 3 pilot bits in the 2 pilot bit sequence has a fixed value .
  • the first pilot bit sequence has fixed values [1 1 1 ].
  • the two pilot bit sequences according to this example are [1 1 1 ] and [1 1 1 ].
  • the total bit sequence is formed by putting together the pilot and data bit sequences. This gives [1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0], here the underlined bits represent the pilot bits.
  • This total bit sequence when input to the modulator gives a modulated symbol sequence [i, z ⁇ , j, -1 , j, -1 , j, 1_, i, zl, i, ⁇ , j -1 ] ⁇
  • the underlined symbols represent the pilot symbols.
  • the pilot symbol patterns are the pre-agreed upon patterns, [-j, -1 , j] and [1 , -j, -1 ].
  • the original data bit sequence is [101 1 1010]. Again, these 8 data bits are divided into two data bit sequences, i.e., [101 1 ] and [1010], and before each of these data bit sequences, a pilot bit sequence is inserted. Again, to be able to generate the desired known pilot symbol sequences, the first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence needs to be data dependent. In this case, the modulo-2 sum of all the bit preceding to it, 1 +1 +1 +1 +0+1 +1 gives a modulo sum of 0, and therefore. The first pilot bit in the second pilot bit sequence is determined to have value 0. The 2 nd and 3 rd pilot bits in the 2 nd pilot bit sequence have the fixed value 1 .
  • the first pilot bit sequence has fixed values [1 1 1 ].
  • the two pilot bit sequences according to this example are [1 1 1 ] and [0 1 1 ].
  • the total bit sequence may be formed by putting together the pilot and data bit sequences. This gives [1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0], here the underlined bits represent the pilot bits.
  • This bit sequence when input to the modulator gives a modulated symbol sequence [i, z ⁇ , j, 1 , j, 1 , -j, 1_, ⁇ i, il, j, -1 , j - 1 ].
  • the underlined symbols represent the pilot symbols.
  • the pilot symbol patterns are the known patterns, [-j, -1 , j] and [1 , -j, -1 ].
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may then perform a transmission of modulated symbol sequence comprising data symbols and pilot symbol(s).
  • the receiving terminal 10 may then receive and demodulate the transmission.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may receive for example a transmission comprising a plurality of data symbols and pilot symbols.
  • the receiving terminal 10 looks for the received pilot symbols and based on the knowledge about the known or pre-agreed upon pilot symbol sequence patterns, a channel estimate may be obtained. With a channel estimate, the receiving terminal 10 may perform coherent demodulation to recover the data bits.
  • Fig. 16 shows a block diagram depicting the transmitting terminal 12 for transmitting a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal 10.
  • transmitting terminal 12 is configured to determine one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence, which pilot bit sequence is preceded by one or more data bit sequences.
  • the transmitting terminal is configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 is further configured to generate a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal 10 by modulating the pilot bit sequence with the determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 is furthermore configured to perform a transmission of the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal 10.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by a modulo-2 sum of at least one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences immediately preceding said one or more pilot bits.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by a modulo-2 sum of all bits preceding the one or more pilot bits.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be configured to
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may be configured, when the pilot bit sequence is preceded, but separated in time by the one or more data bit
  • pilot bit sequences by one or more pilot bit sequences, to determine the one or more pilot bit in the pilot bit sequence by further taking into account one or more pilot bits in the one or more pilot bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the number of bits of the pilot bit sequence and data bit sequence are based on a modulation index of the digital modulation scheme.
  • the pilot bit sequence may be one out of multiple pilot bit sequences of a full pilot bit sequence distributed in time, i.e. a distributed pilot sequence.
  • the digital modulation scheme with memory effect may be one of: GFSK, DBPSK, GMSK, and DPSK.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise processing circuitry 1601.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise a determining module 1602.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the determining module 1602 may be configured to determine one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence, which pilot bit sequence is preceded by one or more data bit sequences, by taking into account one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the determining module 1602 may be configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by a modulo-2 sum of at least one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences immediately preceding said one or more pilot bits.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the determining module 1602 may be configured to determine the one or more pilot bits in the pilot bit sequence by a modulo-2 sum of all bits preceding the one or more pilot bits.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the determining module 1602 may be configured to determine, wherein the pilot bit sequence is preceded, but separated in time by the one or more data bit sequences, by one or more pilot bit sequences, the one or more pilot bit in the pilot bit sequence by further taking into account one or more pilot bits in the one or more pilot bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the determining module 1602 may be configured to
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise a generating module 1603.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the generating module 1603 may be configured to generate a pilot symbol sequence according to a pattern known at the receiving terminal 10 by modulating the pilot bit sequence with the determined one or more pilots bits using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise a transmitting module 1604.
  • the processing circuitry 1601 and/or the transmitting module 1604 may be configured to perform a transmission of the generated pilot symbol sequence in a symbol sequence to the receiving terminal 10.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 comprises a memory 1605.
  • the memory comprises one or more units to be used to store data on, such as pilot/data bit sequences, pilot symbol sequences e.g. the known (preagreed), data symbol sequences, applications to perform the methods disclosed herein when being executed, and similar.
  • the methods according to the embodiments described herein for the transmitting terminal 12 are respectively implemented by means of e.g. a computer program 1606 or a computer program product, comprising instructions, i.e., software code portions, which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to carry out the actions described herein, as performed by the transmitting terminal 12.
  • the computer program 1606 may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium 1607, e.g. a disc or similar.
  • the computer-readable storage medium 1607, having stored thereon the computer program 1606, may comprise the instructions which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to carry out the actions described herein, as performed by the transmitting terminal 12.
  • the computer-readable storage medium 1607 may be a non- transitory computer-readable storage medium.
  • Fig. 17 shows a block diagram depicting the receiving terminal 10 for receiving a symbol sequence modulated using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the receiving terminal 10 is configured to receive a symbol sequence from the transmitting terminal 12, which symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence.
  • the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence.
  • the receiving terminal 10 is further configured to obtain a channel estimate based on the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence of the received symbol sequence, and on a pilot symbol sequence pattern known at the receiving terminal 10.
  • the receiving terminal 10 is further configured to demodulate, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence using the obtained channel estimate.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may be configured to demodulate by using a trellis based modulation.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may comprise processing circuitry 1701.
  • the receiving terminal 10 may comprise a receiving module 1702.
  • the processing circuitry 1701 and/or the receiving module 1702 may be configured to receive a symbol sequence from the transmitting terminal 12.
  • the symbol sequence comprises at least a first pilot symbol sequence, a second pilot symbol sequence, a first data symbol sequence, and a second data symbol sequence, wherein the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence are separated in time by the first data symbol sequence.
  • the receiving terminal may comprise an obtaining module 1703.
  • the processing circuitry 1701 and/or the obtaining module 1703 may be configured to obtain a channel estimate based on the first pilot symbol sequence and the second pilot symbol sequence of the received symbol sequence, and on a pilot symbol sequence pattern known at the receiving terminal 10.
  • the receiving terminal may comprise a demodulating module 1704.
  • the processing circuitry 1701 and/or the demodulating module 1704 may be configured to demodulate, in parallel, the first data bit sequence and the second data bit sequence using the obtained channel estimate.
  • the processing circuitry 1701 and/or the demodulating module 1704 may be configured to demodulate by using a trellis based demodulation.
  • the receiving terminal 10 comprises a memory 1705.
  • the memory comprises one or more units to be used to store data on, such as pilot/data bit sequences, pilot symbol sequences e.g. the known (pre-agreed), data symbol sequences, applications to perform the methods disclosed herein when being executed, and similar.
  • the methods according to the embodiments described herein for the receiving terminal 10 are respectively implemented by means of e.g. a computer program 1706 or a computer program product, comprising instructions, i.e., software code portions, which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to carry out the actions described herein, as performed by the receiving terminal 10.
  • the computer program 1706 may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium 1707, e.g. a disc or similar.
  • the computer- readable storage medium 1707, having stored thereon the computer program 1706 may comprise the instructions which, when executed on at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to carry out the actions described herein, as performed by the receiving terminal 10.
  • the computer-readable storage medium 1706 may be a non-transitory computer- readable storage medium.
  • functions means or modules may be implemented using digital logic and/or one or more microcontrollers, microprocessors, or other digital hardware. In some embodiments, several or all of the various functions may be implemented together, such as in a single application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or in two or more separate devices with appropriate hardware and/or software interfaces between them. Several of the functions may be implemented on a processor shared with other functional components of a wireless terminal or network node, for example.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • processors or “controller” as used herein does not exclusively refer to hardware capable of executing software and may implicitly include, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, read-only memory (ROM) for storing software, random-access memory for storing software and/or program or application data, and non-volatile memory.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ROM read-only memory
  • Other hardware conventional and/or custom, may also be included.
  • Designers of communications receivers will appreciate the cost, performance, and maintenance trade-offs inherent in these design choices.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 is illustrated comprising a processor 1821 and memory 1822, wherein the memory 1822 comprises instructions such as a computer program 1823 which when executed by the processor 1821 causes the
  • Fig. 18 also illustrates the transmitting terminal 12 comprising a memory 1810. It shall be pointed out that fig. 18 is merely an exemplifying illustration and memory 1810 may be optional, be a part of the memory 1822 or be a further memory of the transmitting terminal 12 The memory may for example comprise information relating to the transmitting terminal 12, to statistics of operation of the transmitting terminal 12, just to give a couple of illustrating examples.
  • Fig.18 further illustrates the transmitting terminal 12 comprising processing means 1820, which comprises the memory 1822 and the processor 1821 . Still further, fig. 18 illustrates the transmitting terminal 12 comprising a communication unit 1830.
  • the communication unit 1830 may comprise an interface through which the transmitting terminal 12 communicates with other nodes or entities of the communication network as well as wireless devices of the communication network.
  • Fig. 18 also illustrates the transmitting terminal 12 comprising further
  • the further functionality 1840 may comprise hardware of software necessary for the transmitting terminal 12 to perform different tasks that are not disclosed herein.
  • Fig. 19 is a block diagram of an exemplifying embodiment of the transmitting terminal 12 for performing the methods described above.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 comprises a modulating unit 1903 for performing the methods described above.
  • Fig. 19 illustrates the transmitting terminal 12 comprising a memory 1902, a communication unit 1901 and further functionality 1909. These logical units may correspond or be similar to the logical units having the same names in Fig. 18.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 is as stated above illustrated comprising a communication unit 1830, 1901 . Through this unit, the transmitting terminal 12 is adapted to communicate with other nodes and/or entities in the wireless communication network 1 .
  • the communication unit 1830, 1901 may comprise more than one receiving arrangement.
  • the communication unit 1830, 1901 may be connected to both a wire and an antenna, by means of which the transmitting terminal 12 is enabled to communicate with other nodes and/or entities in the wireless communication network.
  • the communication unit 1830, 1901 may comprise more than one transmitting arrangement, which in turn may be connected to both a wire and an antenna, by means of which the transmitting terminal 12 is enabled to communicate with other nodes and/or entities in the wireless communication network.
  • the transmitting terminal 12 further comprises the memory 1902 for storing data and/or
  • the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise a control or processing unit (not shown in figure 19) which in turn is connected to the modulating unit 1903. It shall be pointed out that this is merely an illustrative example and the transmitting terminal 12 may comprise more or other units or modules which execute the functions of the transmitting terminal 12 in the same manner as the units illustrated in Figs 18 and 19.
  • FIG. 19 merely illustrates various functional units in the transmitting terminal 12 in a logical sense.
  • the functions in practice may be implemented using any suitable software and hardware means/circuits etc.
  • the embodiments are generally not limited to the shown structures of the transmitting terminal 12 and the functional units.
  • the previously described exemplary embodiments may be realised in many ways.
  • one embodiment includes a computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon that are executable by the control or processing unit for executing the method steps in the transmitting terminal 12.
  • the instructions executable by the computing system and stored on the computer-readable medium perform the method steps of the transmitting terminal 12 as described above.
  • Fig. 20 schematically shows an embodiment of an arrangement in a transmitting terminal 2000.
  • a processing unit 2006 e.g. with a Digital Signal
  • the processing unit 2006 may be a single unit or a plurality of units to perform different actions of procedures described herein.
  • the arrangement 2000 may also comprise an input unit 2002 for receiving signals from other entities, and an output unit 2004 for providing signal(s) to other entities.
  • the input unit and the output unit may be arranged as an integrated entity or as illustrated in the example of Fig. 19, as one or more interfaces or communication units 1901 .
  • the computer program product 2008 comprises at least one computer program product 2008 in the form of a nonvolatile memory, e.g. an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, (EEPROM) a flash memory and a hard drive.
  • the computer program product 2008 comprises a computer program 2010, which comprises code means, which when executed in the processing unit 2006 in the arrangement in the transmitting terminal 2000 causes the transmitting terminal to perform the actions e.g. of the procedure described earlier in conjunction with Fig. 1 1.
  • the computer program 2010 may be configured as a computer program code structured in computer program modules 2010a-2010e.
  • the code means in the computer program of the transmitting terminal comprises a modulating unit, or module, for performing the methods as described above.
  • the processor may be a single Central Processing Unit, CPU, but could also comprise two or more processing units.
  • the processor may include general purpose microprocessors; instruction set processors and/or related chips sets and/or special purpose microprocessors such as Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASICs.
  • the processor may also comprise board memory for caching purposes.
  • the computer program may be carried by a computer program product connected to the processor.
  • the computer program product may comprise a computer readable medium on which the computer program is stored.
  • the computer program product may be a flash memory, a Random-Access Memory RAM, Read-Only Memory, ROM, or an EEPROM, and the computer program modules described above could in alternative embodiments be distributed on different computer program products in the form of memories within the transmitting terminal.
  • a transmitting terminal and a method performed by the transmitting terminal for determining one or more pilot bits in a pilot bit sequence for generating a desired pilot symbol sequence when the pilot bit sequence preceded by one or more data bit sequences and one or more pilot bit sequences are modulated by a modulator using a digital modulation scheme with memory effect.
  • the step of determining one or more pilot bit in a pilot bit sequence may account for one or more data bits in the one or more data bit sequences preceding said pilot bit sequence.
  • the step of determining one or more pilot bit in a pilot bit sequence may further account for one or more pilot bits in the one or more pilot bit sequences preceding to the said pilot bit sequence.
  • the distributed pilot solution may be used to enable parallel demodulation in the receiving wireless device/terminal. Trellis based demodulation may be used for demodulating received signal of GFSK, GMSK, DBPSK, etc.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé exécuté par un terminal de transmission (12) pour transmettre une séquence de symboles à un terminal de réception (10). Le terminal de transmission (12) détermine un ou plusieurs bits pilotes dans une séquence de bits pilotes, ladite séquence de bits pilotes étant précédée d'une ou plusieurs séquences de bits de données. Le ou les bits pilotes de la séquence de bits pilotes sont déterminés en tenant compte d'un ou plusieurs autres bits de données de ladite ou desdites séquences de bits de données précédant ladite séquence de bits pilotes. Le terminal de transmission génère également une séquence de symboles pilotes au terminal de réception (10), selon un motif connu, en modulant la séquence de bits pilotes avec le ou les autres bits pilotes déterminés, au moyen d'un schéma de modulation numérique à effet mémoire. Le terminal de transmission (12) transmet ensuite la séquence de symboles pilotes générée, dans une séquence de symboles, au terminal de réception (10).
PCT/SE2015/050155 2014-07-09 2015-02-10 Terminal de transmission, terminal de réception, et procédés correspondants Ceased WO2016007061A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201462022342P 2014-07-09 2014-07-09
US62/022,342 2014-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016007061A1 true WO2016007061A1 (fr) 2016-01-14

Family

ID=52682892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2015/050155 Ceased WO2016007061A1 (fr) 2014-07-09 2015-02-10 Terminal de transmission, terminal de réception, et procédés correspondants

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016007061A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9667274B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2017-05-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method of constructing a parity-check matrix for using message-passing algorithm to decode the repeat-accumulate type of modulation and coding schemes
CN113055063A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-29 浙江大学 一种基于空间场数字调制的低截获中继通信系统
RU2804430C1 (ru) * 2023-03-03 2023-09-29 Акционерное общество "Концерн "Созвездие" Способ однократной фазоразностной модуляции

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5712877A (en) * 1995-05-26 1998-01-27 Simon Fraser University Pilot-symbol aided continuous phase modulation system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5712877A (en) * 1995-05-26 1998-01-27 Simon Fraser University Pilot-symbol aided continuous phase modulation system

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JAE HYUNG KIM ET AL: "PERFORMANCE OF BINARY CPM SCHEMES IN FREQUENCY SELECTIVE FADING CHANNELS WITH PILOT SYMBOL ASSISTED DETECTION", GLOBECOM '95. IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE. SINGAPORE, NOV. 14 - 16, 1995; [IEEE GLOBAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE (GLOBECOM)], NEW YORK, IEEE, US, vol. 3 OF 03, 14 November 1995 (1995-11-14), pages 2027 - 2032, XP000633643, ISBN: 978-0-7803-2510-4 *
PAUL HO ET AL: "PILOT SYMBOL-ASSISTED DETECTION OF CPM SCHEMES OPERATING IN FAST FADING CHANNELS", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ. USA, vol. 44, no. 3, 1 March 1996 (1996-03-01), pages 337 - 347, XP000580963, ISSN: 0090-6778, DOI: 10.1109/26.486328 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9667274B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2017-05-30 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Method of constructing a parity-check matrix for using message-passing algorithm to decode the repeat-accumulate type of modulation and coding schemes
CN113055063A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-06-29 浙江大学 一种基于空间场数字调制的低截获中继通信系统
RU2804430C1 (ru) * 2023-03-03 2023-09-29 Акционерное общество "Концерн "Созвездие" Способ однократной фазоразностной модуляции

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20250030518A1 (en) Remote interference management reference signal
KR101805842B1 (ko) 무선 통신 시스템에서의 스펙트럼 효율 및 채널 커패시티를 향상시키기 위한 방법 및 장치
JP5579622B2 (ja) 不均一ｑｐｓｋ変調を用いたタイムスロット共有
KR100738823B1 (ko) 전송기용 변조 방법
US20190158339A1 (en) Reference signal for pi/2 binary phase shift keying (bpsk) modulation
CN113557788B (zh) 用于在无线通信系统中确定侧链路物理层会话标识的方法和装置
US20110007704A1 (en) Method and system for using sign based synchronization sequences in a correlation process to reduce correlation complexity in an ofdm system
JP2019532537A (ja) 車両対車両通信のための復調基準信号設計
EP3874666A1 (fr) Signal de référence de gestion d'interférence à distance
KR100759235B1 (ko) 수신기용 복조 방법
EP3195545B1 (fr) Capacité améliorée pour la modulation hybride à bande étroite
US10355907B2 (en) Transmitter, receiver and methods therein for wireless communication
WO2016007061A1 (fr) Terminal de transmission, terminal de réception, et procédés correspondants
JP6587781B2 (ja) 送信装置、受信装置および無線通信システム
CN113303013B (zh) 使用差分编码的基于竞争的有效载荷传输
CN117640314A (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
US20240406050A1 (en) System and method for carrier frequency offset estimation
WO2025088594A1 (fr) Configurations de motif de transmission pour signaux de synchronisation basse puissance
CN113302860B (zh) 使用差分编码的基于竞争的有效载荷传输
CN120499641A (zh) 使用环境物联网资源集的载波设计和不同环境物联网设备的复用过程
Liao et al. Data Assisted Backscatter Communications Using DECT-2020 NR+ as Ambient Signal
WO2024196369A1 (fr) Appareil et procédé de détection de port d'interférence dans un scénario à entrées multiples et sorties multiples à utilisateurs multiples
WO2025235193A1 (fr) Procédés d'attribution de ressources de domaine temporel et d'indication de signal de référence dans une communication sans fil
CN118235342A (zh) 快速波束对准方法
WO2016017038A1 (fr) Système de communication, station de base et terminal de communication

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15710019

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15710019

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1