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WO2016006114A1 - Dispositif de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible et procédé de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible - Google Patents

Dispositif de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible et procédé de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016006114A1
WO2016006114A1 PCT/JP2014/068634 JP2014068634W WO2016006114A1 WO 2016006114 A1 WO2016006114 A1 WO 2016006114A1 JP 2014068634 W JP2014068634 W JP 2014068634W WO 2016006114 A1 WO2016006114 A1 WO 2016006114A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
frequency
potential
positive
negative
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2014/068634
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
充彦 松本
耕太郎 明石
庸平 金子
雅士 佐藤
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/JP2014/068634 priority Critical patent/WO2016006114A1/fr
Publication of WO2016006114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016006114A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for measuring the impedance of a fuel cell.
  • WO2012 / 077450A discloses an internal resistance measuring device that can measure the internal resistance of a fuel cell in a state where electric power is supplied from the fuel cell to a load.
  • This internal resistance measuring device outputs the same AC signal to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the fuel cell so that current does not leak to the load side in order to ensure measurement accuracy.
  • a potential difference obtained by subtracting the potential of the intermediate terminal located between the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal from the potential of the positive electrode terminal of the fuel cell and a potential difference obtained by subtracting the potential of the intermediate terminal from the potential of the negative electrode terminal.
  • the amplitude of the AC signal output to each electrode terminal is adjusted so as to match. Thereafter, the internal impedance of the fuel cell is measured based on the adjusted potential difference signal and the AC output signal.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for accurately measuring the impedance of a fuel cell even when the load fluctuates.
  • An impedance measuring apparatus for a fuel cell includes a positive-side AC potential difference that is a difference between a positive-side potential and a halfway potential of a fuel cell, and a difference between a negative-side potential and a halfway potential of a fuel cell.
  • the AC current is adjusted so that a certain negative-side AC potential difference matches, and the impedance of the fuel cell is determined based on the AC potential difference of at least one of the positive-side AC potential difference and the negative-side AC potential difference and the adjusted AC current. Is calculated.
  • the frequency of the alternating current output to the fuel cell is adjusted so that it does not coincide with the frequency based on the fluctuation of the load connected to the fuel cell.
  • FIG. 1A is an external perspective view of a fuel cell that is a measurement target of an impedance measuring device for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1B is an exploded view showing the structure of the power generation cell of the fuel cell.
  • FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram in the case where the fuel cell impedance measuring device according to one embodiment is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a fuel cell impedance measuring apparatus according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the positive-side DC blocking unit, the negative-side DC blocking unit, the midpoint DC blocking unit, the positive-side AC potential difference detection unit, and the negative-side AC potential difference detection unit.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the positive-side DC blocking unit, the negative-side DC blocking unit, the midpoint DC blocking unit, the positive-side AC potential difference detection unit, and the negative-side AC potential difference detection unit.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the positive power supply unit and the negative power supply unit.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the AC adjustment unit.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the impedance calculation unit.
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart executed mainly by the control unit of the fuel cell impedance measuring apparatus.
  • FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result indicating that when a voltage at both ends of the fuel cell is measured in a low load state, a frequency having a large amplitude increases as the load increases.
  • FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result indicating that when a voltage at both ends of the fuel cell is measured in a low load state, a frequency having a large amplitude increases as the load increases.
  • FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating an example of an experimental result indicating that when the voltage across the fuel cell is measured in a high load state, the frequency having a large amplitude increases with an increase in the load.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage magnitude and the frequency when the voltage across the fuel cell is measured in a state where the load is at a certain magnitude.
  • FIG. 11 sets the frequency of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit and the negative power supply unit so as not to coincide with the fluctuation frequency of the load, determines the amplitude of the AC signal, and determines the determined frequency and amplitude. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure which outputs an alternating current signal from a positive electrode side power supply part and a negative electrode side power supply part.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the implementation frequency.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the amplitude of the AC signal.
  • FIG. 1A is an external perspective view of a fuel cell that is a measurement target of an impedance measuring device for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1B is an exploded view showing the structure of the power generation cell of the fuel cell.
  • the fuel cell stack 1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the fuel cell 1) includes a plurality of stacked power generation cells 10, a current collecting plate 20, an insulating plate 30, an end plate 40, Four tension rods 50 are provided.
  • the power generation cell 10 is a unit cell of a fuel cell. Each power generation cell 10 generates an electromotive voltage of about 1 volt (V), for example. Details of the configuration of each power generation cell 10 will be described later.
  • the current collecting plate 20 is disposed outside each of the stacked power generation cells 10.
  • the current collecting plate 20 is formed of a gas impermeable conductive member, for example, dense carbon.
  • the current collecting plate 20 includes a positive electrode terminal 211 and a negative electrode terminal 212.
  • An intermediate terminal 213 is provided between the positive terminal 211 and the negative terminal 212.
  • the midway terminal 213 may be a midpoint between the positive electrode terminal 211 and the negative electrode terminal 212, or may be a position off the midpoint.
  • the fuel cell stack 1 extracts and outputs the electrons e ⁇ generated in each power generation cell 10 by the positive electrode terminal 211 and the negative electrode terminal 212.
  • the insulating plates 30 are respectively arranged outside the current collecting plate 20.
  • the insulating plate 30 is formed of an insulating member such as rubber.
  • the end plate 40 is disposed outside the insulating plate 30.
  • the end plate 40 is made of a rigid metal material such as steel.
  • One end plate 40 (the left front end plate 40 in FIG. 1A) has an anode supply port 41a, an anode discharge port 41b, a cathode supply port 42a, a cathode discharge port 42b, and a cooling water supply port 43a.
  • a cooling water discharge port 43b is provided.
  • the anode discharge port 41b, the cooling water discharge port 43b, and the cathode supply port 42a are provided on the right side in the drawing.
  • the cathode discharge port 42b, the cooling water supply port 43a, and the anode supply port 41a are provided on the left side in the drawing.
  • the tension rods 50 are arranged near the four corners of the end plate 40, respectively.
  • the fuel cell stack 1 has a hole (not shown) penetrating therethrough.
  • the tension rod 50 is inserted through the through hole.
  • the tension rod 50 is formed of a rigid metal material such as steel.
  • the tension rod 50 is insulated on the surface in order to prevent an electrical short circuit between the power generation cells 10.
  • a nut (not shown because it is in the back) is screwed into the tension rod 50. The tension rod 50 and the nut tighten the fuel cell stack 1 in the stacking direction.
  • a method of supplying hydrogen as the anode gas to the anode supply port 41a for example, a method of directly supplying hydrogen gas from a hydrogen storage device or a hydrogen-containing gas reformed by reforming a fuel containing hydrogen is supplied.
  • the hydrogen storage device include a high-pressure gas tank, a liquefied hydrogen tank, and a hydrogen storage alloy tank.
  • the fuel containing hydrogen include natural gas, methanol, and gasoline.
  • Air is generally used as the cathode gas supplied to the cathode supply port 42a.
  • an anode separator (anode bipolar plate) 12a and a cathode separator (cathode bipolar plate) 12b are arranged on both surfaces of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) 11. Is the structure.
  • MEA 11 has electrode catalyst layers 112 formed on both surfaces of an electrolyte membrane 111 made of an ion exchange membrane.
  • a gas diffusion layer (gas diffusion layer: GDL) 113 is formed on the electrode catalyst layer 112.
  • the electrode catalyst layer 112 is formed of, for example, carbon black particles on which platinum is supported.
  • the GDL 113 is formed of a member having sufficient gas diffusibility and conductivity, for example, carbon fiber.
  • the anode gas supplied from the anode supply port 41a flows through this GDL 113a, reacts with the anode electrode catalyst layer 112 (112a), and is discharged from the anode discharge port 41b.
  • the cathode gas supplied from the cathode supply port 42a flows through this GDL 113b, reacts with the cathode electrode catalyst layer 112 (112b), and is discharged from the cathode discharge port 42b.
  • the anode separator 12a is overlaid on one side of the MEA 11 (back side in FIG. 1B) via the GDL 113a and the seal 14a.
  • the cathode separator 12b is overlaid on one side (the surface in FIG. 1B) of the MEA 11 via the GDL 113b and the seal 14b.
  • the seal 14 (14a, 14b) is a rubber-like elastic material such as silicone rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), or fluorine rubber.
  • the anode separator 12a and the cathode separator 12b are formed by press-molding a metal separator base such as stainless steel so that a reaction gas channel is formed on one surface and alternately arranged with the reaction gas channel on the opposite surface. A cooling water flow path is formed. As shown in FIG. 1B, the anode separator 12a and the cathode separator 12b are overlapped to form a cooling water flow path.
  • the MEA 11, the anode separator 12a, and the cathode separator 12b are respectively formed with holes 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b, 43a, 43b, which are stacked to be an anode supply port (anode supply manifold) 41a, an anode discharge port.
  • Anode discharge manifold 41b, cathode supply port (cathode supply manifold) 42a, cathode discharge port (cathode discharge manifold) 42b, cooling water supply port (cooling water supply manifold) 43a and cooling water discharge port (cooling water discharge manifold) 43b Is formed.
  • FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram when the fuel cell impedance measuring device according to one embodiment is mounted on a fuel cell vehicle.
  • the DC power output from the fuel cell 1 is converted into AC power by the inverter 22 and supplied to the three-phase AC motor 23.
  • the secondary battery 25 is connected in parallel with the fuel cell 1 via the DC / DC converter 24.
  • the DC power of the secondary battery 25 is converted to a desired level of power by the DC / DC converter 24, then converted to AC power by the inverter 22, and supplied to the three-phase AC motor 23.
  • An impedance measuring device 5 described later is connected to the fuel cell 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the fuel cell impedance measuring apparatus 5 according to an embodiment.
  • the impedance measuring device 5 includes a positive-side DC blocking unit 511, a negative-side DC blocking unit 512, a midpoint DC blocking unit 513, a positive-side AC potential difference detection unit 521, a negative-side AC potential difference detection unit 522, and a positive-electrode side.
  • a power supply unit 531, a negative power supply unit 532, an AC adjustment unit 540, and an impedance calculation unit 550 are provided.
  • the positive side DC blocking unit 511 is connected to the positive terminal 211 of the fuel cell 1.
  • the negative electrode side direct current blocking unit 512 is connected to the negative electrode terminal 212 of the fuel cell 1.
  • the midpoint DC cutoff unit 513 is connected to the midway terminal 213 of the fuel cell 1. Note that the midpoint DC blocking unit 513 may not be provided as indicated by the wavy line in FIG.
  • These DC blocking units 511 to 513 block a DC signal but flow an AC signal.
  • the DC blocking units 511 to 513 are, for example, capacitors or transformers.
  • the positive side AC potential difference detection unit 521 inputs the AC potential Va of the positive terminal 211 of the fuel cell 1 and the AC potential Vc of the midway terminal 213 and outputs the positive side AC potential difference.
  • the negative electrode side AC potential difference detection unit 522 inputs the AC potential Vb of the negative electrode terminal 212 of the fuel cell 1 and the AC potential Vc of the intermediate terminal 213 and outputs the negative electrode side AC potential difference.
  • the positive-side AC potential difference detection unit 521 and the negative-side AC potential difference detection unit 522 are, for example, differential amplifiers (instrumentation amplifiers).
  • the positive power supply unit 531 outputs an AC signal having an amplitude and a frequency fa determined by a method described later.
  • the output current Io can be obtained by the input voltage Vi ⁇ proportional constant Rs without actually measuring the output current Io.
  • the output is current
  • the alternating current flowing through the stacked cell group and the output of the current source are in phase, and the input voltage Vi is also in phase. become. Therefore, it is not necessary to consider the phase difference in the impedance calculation at the next stage, and the circuit is simple.
  • the impedance of the capacitor in the current path varies, it is not affected by the phase change. For this reason, it is preferable to use a circuit as shown in FIG. The same applies to the negative power supply unit 532.
  • the AC adjustment unit 540 can be realized by, for example, a PI control circuit as shown in FIG.
  • the AC adjustment unit 540 includes a positive-side detection circuit 5411, a positive-side subtractor 5421, a positive-side integration circuit 5431, a positive-side multiplier 5451, a negative-side detection circuit 5412, a negative-side subtracter 5422, and a negative-side An integration circuit 5432, a negative-side multiplier 5452, a reference voltage 544, and an AC signal source 546 are provided.
  • the positive electrode side detection circuit 5411 removes an unnecessary signal from the AC potential Va on the wiring of the positive electrode side power supply unit 531 connected to the positive electrode terminal 211 of the fuel cell 1 and converts it into a DC signal.
  • the positive side subtractor 5421 detects the difference between the DC signal and the reference voltage 544.
  • the positive integration circuit 5431 averages or adjusts the sensitivity of the signal output from the positive subtractor 5421.
  • the positive multiplier 5451 modulates the amplitude of the AC signal source 546 with the output of the positive integration circuit 5431.
  • the AC adjustment unit 540 generates a command signal to the positive power supply unit 531 in this way. Similarly, AC adjustment unit 540 generates a command signal to negative power supply unit 532.
  • the AC potentials Va and Vb are both controlled to a predetermined level by increasing / decreasing the outputs of the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 according to the command signal generated in this way. As a result, the alternating potentials Va and Vb are equipotential. In the present embodiment, in particular, the AC potentials Va and Vb are controlled so that the amplitude level of the AC signal is determined by a method described later.
  • an analog arithmetic IC is taken as an example in the circuit configuration.
  • the AC potential Va (Vb) may be digitally converted by an AD converter and then configured by a digital control circuit.
  • the impedance calculation unit 550 includes an AD converter (ADC) 551 and a microcomputer chip (CPU) 552.
  • the AD converter 551 converts the alternating current (I1, I2) and the alternating voltage (V1, V2), which are analog signals, into digital numerical signals and transfers them to the microcomputer chip 552. *
  • the microcomputer chip 552 stores in advance a program for calculating the impedance Rn and the impedance R of the entire fuel cell.
  • the microcomputer chip 552 sequentially calculates at predetermined minute time intervals, or outputs a calculation result in response to a request from the control unit 6.
  • the impedance calculation unit 550 may be realized by an analog calculation circuit using an analog calculation IC. According to the analog arithmetic circuit, it is possible to output a continuous impedance change.
  • FIG. 8 is a control flowchart executed mainly by the control unit 6 of the fuel cell impedance measuring apparatus.
  • step S1 the control unit 6 determines whether or not the positive AC potential Va is greater than a predetermined value. If the determination result is negative, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S2, and if the determination result is positive, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S3.
  • step S2 the control unit 6 determines whether or not the positive AC potential Va is smaller than a predetermined value. If the determination result is negative, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S4, and if the determination result is positive, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S5.
  • step S3 the control unit 6 reduces the output of the positive power supply unit 531. As a result, the positive AC potential Va decreases.
  • step S4 the control unit 6 maintains the output of the positive power supply unit 531. As a result, the positive AC potential Va is maintained.
  • step S5 the control unit 6 increases the output of the positive power supply unit 531. As a result, the positive AC potential Va increases.
  • step S6 the control unit 6 determines whether or not the negative AC potential Vb is larger than a predetermined value. If the determination result is negative, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S7, and if the determination result is positive, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S8.
  • step S7 the control unit 6 determines whether or not the negative AC potential Vb is smaller than a predetermined value. If the determination result is negative, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S9, and if the determination result is positive, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S10.
  • step S8 the control unit 6 reduces the output of the negative power supply unit 532. As a result, the negative AC potential Vb decreases.
  • step S9 the control unit 6 maintains the output of the negative power supply unit 532. As a result, the negative AC potential Vb is maintained.
  • step S10 the control unit 6 increases the output of the negative power source unit 532. This increases the negative AC potential Vb.
  • step S11 the control unit 6 determines whether or not the positive AC potential Va and the negative AC potential Vb are predetermined values. If the determination result is positive, the control unit 6 proceeds to step S12, and if the determination result is negative, the control unit 6 exits the process.
  • step S12 the impedance calculation unit 550 calculates the impedance based on the above-described equations (1-1) and (1-2).
  • the load fluctuation frequency is, for example, a switching frequency of a switching element (semiconductor switch) provided in the inverter 22 or a switching frequency of a switching element (semiconductor switch) provided in the DC / DC converter 24.
  • FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are diagrams showing an example of experimental results showing that when the voltage across the fuel cell 1 is measured, the frequency with a large amplitude increases as the load increases, FIG. FIG. 9B shows the result when the load is high. As shown in FIG. 9B, when the load increases, the frequency having a large amplitude increases according to the load variation. Therefore, the frequency of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 and the load variation are increased. In some cases, the frequency matches.
  • the frequency fa of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 is set so as not to coincide with the fluctuation frequency of the load. More specifically, the frequency fa of the AC signal is set so as not to coincide with the frequencies (1) to (4) below.
  • the phase voltage frequency in the following (1) and (2) is the frequency of each phase voltage of the three-phase AC voltage applied to the motor 23. (1) Switching frequency of switching element provided in inverter 22 ⁇ phase voltage frequency ⁇ 2 (2) Switching frequency of switching element provided in inverter 22 ⁇ 2 ⁇ phase voltage frequency (3) Switching frequency of switching element provided in inverter 22 and its harmonic frequency (4) DC / DC converter The switching frequency of the switching element provided in 24, and its harmonic frequency
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the voltage magnitude and the frequency when the voltage across the fuel cell 1 is measured in a state where the load is at a certain magnitude.
  • the frequencies (a) to (f) at which the voltage amplitude is large are the following frequencies, respectively.
  • D Switching frequency of the switching element provided in the inverter 22 ⁇ 2
  • E Switching frequency of the switching element provided in the DC / DC converter 24
  • the frequency fa of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 is set so as not to coincide with at least the frequencies (a) to (f).
  • FIG. 11 sets the frequency fa of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 so that it does not coincide with the fluctuation frequency of the load, determines the amplitude of the AC signal, and determines the determined frequency.
  • 5 is a flowchart showing a procedure for outputting an alternating current signal having an amplitude and an amplitude from a positive power supply unit 531 and a negative power supply unit 532.
  • step S110 the rotational speed of the motor 23 is detected.
  • the rotation speed of the motor 23 is detected by a rotation speed sensor (not shown).
  • step S111 the phase voltage frequency is calculated from the following equation (2).
  • step S112 based on the phase voltage frequency calculated in step S111, the frequency of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 so as not to coincide with the frequencies of (1) to (4) above. (Implementation frequency) fa is determined.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the implementation frequency. Since the switching frequency of the switching element provided in the inverter 22 and the switching frequency of the switching element provided in the DC / DC converter 24 are determined in advance, the phase voltage frequency fluctuates according to the rotational speed of the motor 23. If it is known, the implementation frequency can be determined.
  • the implementation frequency may be set to a frequency that does not coincide with the above-described frequencies (1) to (4), that is, a frequency that does not coincide with the load fluctuation frequency, but is a frequency suitable for measuring the impedance of the fuel cell 1. Is preferably set.
  • an appropriate implementation frequency is obtained in advance according to the phase voltage frequency, and a table defining the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the implementation frequency as shown in FIG. 12 is prepared, and based on the calculated phase voltage frequency.
  • the implementation frequency fa is determined by referring to the above table.
  • step S113 the amplitude of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 is determined based on the phase voltage frequency calculated in step S111.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the amplitude of the AC signal.
  • the amplitude of the AC signal is increased. This is because the noise level increases as the phase voltage frequency increases, so the amplitude is increased to increase the SN ratio (signal-to-noise ratio).
  • a table that defines the relationship between the phase voltage frequency and the amplitude of the AC signal as shown in FIG. 13 is prepared in advance, and the amplitude of the AC signal is determined by referring to this table.
  • step S114 the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 output an AC signal having the implementation frequency determined in step S112 and the amplitude determined in step S113.
  • the frequency of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 is set so as not to coincide with the load fluctuation frequency. Therefore, a margin is provided between the load fluctuation frequency and the frequency of the AC signal after setting.
  • the margin is increased as the phase voltage frequency becomes higher. Thereby, even when the frequency of the phase voltage is increased and the sideband of the switching frequency is widened, the frequency of the AC signal output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 and the fluctuation frequency of the load are increased. Since matching can be prevented, the impedance of the fuel cell 1 can be accurately measured.
  • the positive-side AC potential difference that is the difference between the positive-side potential and the midway potential of the fuel cell 1, and the negative-side potential and midway potential of the fuel cell 1.
  • the AC current output to the fuel cell 1 is adjusted such that the negative-side AC potential difference that is the difference between the positive-side AC potential difference and at least one of the positive-side AC potential difference and the negative-side AC potential difference is adjusted.
  • the impedance of the fuel cell 1 is calculated.
  • the frequency of the alternating current output to the fuel cell 1 is adjusted so that it does not coincide with the frequency based on the fluctuation of the load connected to the fuel cell 1.
  • the impedance of the fuel cell 1 can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the fluctuation of the load is the fluctuation of the operation of the motor 23 to which electric power is supplied from the fuel cell 1 and the fluctuation of the operation of the semiconductor switch provided in the inverter (power converter) 22 connected to the fuel cell 1. At least one of them.
  • the frequency of the alternating current can be adjusted so as not to coincide with the frequency based on at least one of the operation state of the motor 23 and the operation state of the semiconductor switch provided in the inverter 22. Impedance can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the frequency of the alternating current output from the positive electrode side power supply unit 531 and the negative electrode side power supply unit 532 is adjusted based on the frequency of the phase voltage between the inverter 22 and the motor 23, it corresponds to the operating state of the motor 23. Based on the phase voltage frequency that changes, the frequency of the alternating current and the frequency based on the load fluctuation can be prevented from matching, and the impedance of the fuel cell 1 can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the frequency based on the load variation includes the switching frequency of the semiconductor switch of the inverter 22 and the phase voltage at a frequency that is twice the switching frequency of the semiconductor switch of the inverter 22.
  • the frequency obtained by adding or subtracting the frequency the frequency obtained by adding or subtracting the frequency obtained by doubling the frequency of the phase voltage to the switching frequency of the semiconductor switch of the inverter 22, and the harmonic frequency of the switching frequency of the semiconductor switch of the inverter 22 At least one is included.
  • the margin is set larger as the phase voltage frequency is higher. As a result, even if the phase voltage frequency is increased and the sideband of the switching frequency of the switching element is widened, it is possible to reliably prevent the frequency of the alternating current and the fluctuation frequency of the load from matching. 1 can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the higher the phase voltage frequency the larger the amplitude of the alternating current output from the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532.
  • the higher the phase voltage frequency the higher the noise level, but the higher the phase voltage frequency, the larger the alternating current amplitude, thereby increasing the SN ratio (signal-to-noise ratio) and the accuracy of the fuel cell 1 impedance. You can ask well.
  • the rotation speed of the motor 23 is detected and the phase voltage frequency is calculated based on the detected rotation speed of the motor 23, the frequency based on the alternating current frequency and the load variation is calculated based on the calculated phase voltage frequency. And the impedance of the fuel cell 1 can be obtained with high accuracy.
  • the configuration of the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 is not limited to the configuration illustrated in FIG. 5, and is determined in step S ⁇ b> 112 in the flowchart illustrated in FIG. 11 and determined in step S ⁇ b> 113. Any configuration can be used as long as it can output an AC signal having the above-described amplitude.
  • the positive power supply unit 531 and the negative power supply unit 532 have the first IC that outputs the sine wave voltage of the determined implementation frequency and the amplitude of the sine wave voltage output from the first IC. It is good also as a structure provided with 2nd IC which adjusts so that it may become an amplitude and outputs the sine wave voltage after amplitude adjustment.
  • the circuit diagram of the fuel cell impedance measuring device 5 is not limited to the circuit shown in FIG.
  • the AC potential difference detection units 521 and 522 and the power supply units 531 and 532 are connected to the fuel cell 1 through one path, but may be connected through different paths.
  • a connection switch for switching halfway points to be connected may be provided so that the halfway points are sequentially switched.
  • the two fuel cells 1A and 1B are connected in series, the positive electrode of the fuel cell 1A is regarded as the positive electrode of the above embodiment, the connection point between the fuel cell 1A and the fuel cell 1B is regarded as the middle point of the above embodiment, The negative electrode of the battery 1B can also be regarded as the negative electrode of the above embodiment.
  • the internal impedance of the fuel cell 1A can be obtained as R1
  • the internal impedance of the fuel cell 1B can be obtained as R2.
  • the frequencies (1) to (4) above are listed as frequencies to avoid matching, they are not limited to the frequencies (1) to (4). That is, the frequency that should be avoided to coincide with the frequency of the alternating current output to the fuel cell 1 may be a frequency other than the frequencies of (1) to (4), or among (1) to (4) May be at least one frequency.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de mesure d'impédance pour une pile à combustible qui ajuste un courant alternatif de telle sorte qu'une différence de potentiel c.a. du côté électrode positive, qui est la différence entre le potentiel sur le côté électrode positive de la pile à combustible et un potentiel intermédiaire, corresponde à une différence de potentiel c.a. du côté électrode négative, qui est la différence entre le potentiel sur le côté électrode négative de la pile à combustible et le potentiel intermédiaire, et calcule l'impédance de la pile à combustible sur la base de la différence de potentiel c.a. du côté électrode positive et/ou de la différence de potentiel c.a. du côté électrode négative, et du courant c.a. ajusté. La fréquence de la sortie de courant c.a. vers la pile à combustible est ajustée de manière à ne pas coïncider avec une fréquence basée sur la fluctuation d'une charge connectée à la pile à combustible.
PCT/JP2014/068634 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Dispositif de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible et procédé de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible Ceased WO2016006114A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2014/068634 WO2016006114A1 (fr) 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Dispositif de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible et procédé de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible

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PCT/JP2014/068634 WO2016006114A1 (fr) 2014-07-11 2014-07-11 Dispositif de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible et procédé de mesure d'impédance de pile à combustible

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003302421A (ja) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 回転数センサの診断装置
JP2008175687A (ja) * 2007-01-18 2008-07-31 Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The 蓄電池の内部インピーダンス測定装置および蓄電池の内部インピーダンス測定方法
JP2009521197A (ja) * 2005-12-23 2009-05-28 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 電気機器、とりわけ交流電流機
WO2012077450A1 (fr) * 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 日産自動車株式会社 Appareil de mesure de résistance interne de batteries en couches
JP2012175776A (ja) * 2011-02-21 2012-09-10 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd モータ制御装置及びモータ駆動システム
WO2014073208A1 (fr) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-15 アルプス・グリーンデバイス株式会社 Procédé de détection d'état de dispositif de stockage

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003302421A (ja) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 回転数センサの診断装置
JP2009521197A (ja) * 2005-12-23 2009-05-28 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング 電気機器、とりわけ交流電流機
JP2008175687A (ja) * 2007-01-18 2008-07-31 Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The 蓄電池の内部インピーダンス測定装置および蓄電池の内部インピーダンス測定方法
WO2012077450A1 (fr) * 2010-12-10 2012-06-14 日産自動車株式会社 Appareil de mesure de résistance interne de batteries en couches
JP2012175776A (ja) * 2011-02-21 2012-09-10 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd モータ制御装置及びモータ駆動システム
WO2014073208A1 (fr) * 2012-11-12 2014-05-15 アルプス・グリーンデバイス株式会社 Procédé de détection d'état de dispositif de stockage

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