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WO2016001320A1 - Forme de plaque de guidage pour la récupération d'énergie à partir d'une quantité de mouvement d'un stock - Google Patents

Forme de plaque de guidage pour la récupération d'énergie à partir d'une quantité de mouvement d'un stock Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016001320A1
WO2016001320A1 PCT/EP2015/065023 EP2015065023W WO2016001320A1 WO 2016001320 A1 WO2016001320 A1 WO 2016001320A1 EP 2015065023 W EP2015065023 W EP 2015065023W WO 2016001320 A1 WO2016001320 A1 WO 2016001320A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide plate
forming wire
stock
degrees
forming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/065023
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Tord Gustavsson
Stefan PÅLSSON
Arvid JOHANSSON
Leif Videgren
Elin ENGQVIST
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valmet AB
Original Assignee
Valmet AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valmet AB filed Critical Valmet AB
Publication of WO2016001320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016001320A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G9/00—Other accessories for paper-making machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/66—Pulp catching, de-watering, or recovering; Re-use of pulp-water
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F9/00—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F9/003—Complete machines for making continuous webs of paper of the twin-wire type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to recovering energy used during the fabrication of products from suspensions of suspended solids, such as paper products.
  • Paper, tissue, board, and other cellulose-based products are often fabricated from a suspension (e.g., of cellulose in water, hereinafter: stock).
  • a headbox may inject stock between a loop of forming wire (e.g., a porous wire mesh or cloth) driven around a lead roll, and a loop of fabric (e.g., a felt or another forming wire), which is typically driven around a forming roll.
  • Forces applied to the stock e.g., via the headbox, the forming wire, the fabric, or the rolls) cause the water to pass through the forming wire to form a web of cellulose between the forming wire and fabric.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates some challenges associated with implementing an energy recovery apparatus.
  • a typical forming section of a papermaking machine has a forming wire loop 130 driven around a lead roll 120, a fabric loop 132 driven around a forming roll 110, and a headbox 101 configured to inject a stock 108 into a moving sandwich created by the forming wire and fabric loops.
  • stock 108 is filtered by the forming wire 130, ejecting water through forming wire 130.
  • a guide plate 150 guides this ejected water into a turbine 140, which is driven by the momentum of the water to generate electricity.
  • Kinetic energy imparted to stock during papermaking may be recovered using an apparatus for recovering energy comprising a turbine (e.g., a Banki turbine).
  • a turbine e.g., a Banki turbine
  • the guide plate may have a shape comprising a curvature (of the surface that guides the ejected water) that efficiently captures water ejected through the forming wire and directs this water into the turbine while minimizing "bounce back" of water into the forming roll.
  • a guide plate for use in an apparatus for recovering energy from a forming section of a papermaking machine, an apparatus comprising such a guide plate, and/or a papermachine comprising such a guide plate.
  • a papermaking machine may comprise a forming wire loop driven around a lead roll, a fabric loop driven around a forming roll, and a headbox configured to inject a stock into a moving sandwich created by the forming wire and fabric or fabric loops.
  • the apparatus may comprise a turbine coupled to a generator, a curved guide plate shaped to direct water ejected through the forming wire into the turbine.
  • the guide plate may have a shape comprising different curvatures.
  • guide plate may have a first portion having a first curvature, and a second portion having a second curvature (and may have a third portion having the second curvature).
  • the curvatures of the various portions are different (e.g., a second portion has a second curvature and third portion has a third curvature).
  • at least one of the second and third curvatures has a radius of curvature that is larger than that of the first portion.
  • the second and third curvatures may be the same.
  • at least one of the second and third curvatures (or even both curvatures) is planar.
  • the second and/or third curvature may be smaller than the first curvature.
  • a guide plate may have a curvature designed according to the geometrical layout of the forming section and expected process conditions to calculate (inter alia) one or more breakout angles.
  • a breakout angle may be used to calculate a breakout vector, which may define expected directions in which water is ejected from the forming wire.
  • a breakout vector may intersect the surface of the guide plate.
  • An angle of incidence between the breakout vector may be defined by a tangent at this point of intersection and the breakout vector.
  • the curvature of various parts of the guide plate may be chosen such that these angles of incidence meet certain criteria (e.g., are less than 25 degrees).
  • a papermaking machine may comprise a forming section (e.g., a headbox, forming roll, lead rolls, forming wire, and fabric) and an apparatus to recover energy from stock injected by the headbox.
  • Stock may be injected in a direction defined by one or more injection vectors 103 emanating from an opening of the headbox.
  • One or more breakout angles may be used to define one or more breakout vectors, which may define expected directions in which filtered stock is ejected from the forming wire.
  • the papermaking machine may comprise an apparatus for recovering energy from the stock after ejection through the forming wire.
  • the apparatus may comprise a turbine coupled to a generator, and a guide plate having a shape and orientation configured to direct water ejected through the forming wire into the turbine.
  • the shape (e.g., the curvature) and the orientation (e.g., with respect to the forming section) of the guide plate may fulfill a constraint such that fewer than 10%, preferably fewer than 5%, preferably fewer than 1%, preferably none of the incident angles between each breakout vector and the point on the guide plate at which that breakout vector intersects the guide plate exceeds 30 degrees, preferably 25 degrees, preferably 22 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, preferably 18 degrees, preferably 15 degrees, preferably 10 degrees.
  • Such models may predict the behavior of an apparatus during use, and by extension, distinguish between the behavior of different devices.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an implementation of an energy recovery apparatus, according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a forming section of a papermaking machine, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary guide plate curvature, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a representative difference between two guide plate shapes, according to an embodiment.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are illustrations showing computer simulations of flow vectors (of impinging water) for forming sections and process conditions that are identical, except for the choice of guide plate shape, according to an embodiment.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are "higher magnification" illustrations of the simulations shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, respectively, .
  • FIGS. 10 A and 10B illustrate components of certain guide plates, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a representative box section, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a guide plate according to some
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a guide plate according to an embodiment, with several representative identification lines used to demarcate deformation during FEM simulations.
  • FIG. 14A illustrates the coordinate systems used to report the modeled behavior of the lines shown in FIG. 13, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 14B is a plot of modeled deformation (generated using ANSYS) of guide plate 1350, under both gravity loading and jet force loading (from velocity and volume of impinging water of an actual paper machine in actual operating conditions) according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a predicted deformation due to jet loading by impinging water, according to some embodiments.
  • FIGS. 16 A and 16B illustrate modeled deformation of a guide plate, according to some embodiments, in this example using ANSYS.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a forming section of a papermaking machine, according to some embodiments.
  • Exemplary papermaking machine 100 may include a headbox 101 configured to receive and inject stock 108.
  • Headbox exit gap size 102 may vary among machines (e.g., between 2 and 30 mm, including 5- 25mm, including 6-18 mm, including 9-14 mm, including 12-13 mm)
  • a position 106 of headbox 101 with respect to the lead and forming rolls e.g., a distance from the headbox exit gap to the "sandwich" formed by the forming wire and fabric
  • a headbox angle 104 may vary over different machines and/or process conditions.
  • a forming roll 110 may guide another forming wire and/or a forming fabric or felt, described herein as fabric 132. Some forming rolls have a diameter between 500 and 2500 mm, including between 700 and 2000 mm, including between 1000 and 1900 mm, including about 1200 to 1850 mm.
  • a lead roll 120 may guide a forming wire 130.
  • Forming wire 130 and fabric 132 are typically disposed as loops, coming together to form a continuous "sandwich" of moving loops of forming wire 130 and fabric 132, into which headbox 101 injects stock 108.
  • headbox 101 injects stock 108.
  • water is ejected from the sandwiched stock, leaving a cellulose web between the forming wire 130 and fabric 132.
  • the sandwich may be separated at lead roll 122, after which the web of dewatered stock may be further processed.
  • Energy recovery apparatus 200 includes a turbine 140 coupled to a generator 160 and a guide plate 250.
  • Guide plate 250 guides water (ejected through forming wire 130) into turbine 140, which drives generator 160 to generate electricity.
  • Guide plate 250 may have a shape comprising different curvatures.
  • Guide plate 250 may have a first portion 260 having a first curvature, and a second portion 270 and/or 280 having a second curvature.
  • the curvatures of portions 260, 270, and 280 are different (e.g., portion 270 has a second curvature and portion 280 has a third curvature).
  • at least one of the second and third curvatures has a radius of curvature that is larger than that of the first portion, preferably wherein the at least one of the second and third curvatures is planar.
  • first portion 260 may be described as a "mid-portion" of guide plate 250.
  • a second portion may comprise a leading portion 270 comprising a leading edge 154, located proximate to headbox 101.
  • a second portion may comprise a terminal portion 280 including a terminal edge 153 and located proximate to turbine 140.
  • Different machines may have different geometric parameters, (e.g., diameters of forming roll, lead roll, and positions of these two rolls with respect to each other may vary).
  • a guide plate shape, distance, and orientation with respect to the forming and lead rolls may typically be designed according to the layout of the forming section, optionally with expected process conditions.
  • Appropriate curvatures for the various portions of guide plate 250 may be chosen using a model (e.g., a computer aided design) of the forming section comprising apparatus 200 (e.g., with shapes, curvatures, distances, and angles laid out in a CAD design).
  • the distance between the circumferences of lead roll 120 and forming roll 110 may be used to define a position of forming wire 130 as it travels from lead roll 120 to forming roll 110.
  • Various headbox parameters e.g., a headbox exit size 102, a headbox distance 106 from the forming wire/fabric sandwich, and headbox angle 104 may be used to identify one or more injection vectors 103.
  • Injection vectors 103 may define an expected direction (or directions) in which stock 108 travels from headbox 101 to the sandwich created by the forming wire 130 and fabric 132 between lead roll 120 and forming roll 110.
  • Different papermaking machines may have different operating conditions (e.g., volume of stock/second, stock concentration, fiber type within the stock, % of recycled fiber % (e.g., % of de-inked recycled paper), fiber composition (e.g., birch, fir, spruce, pine), fiber length, fabric/wire velocity, angular velocities of various rolls, forming wire type, fabric type, and the like).
  • Geometric data may be combined with values associated with these processing conditions to calculate breakout angles associated with the ejection of stock through the forming wire. These breakout angles may be used to define the expected angles of incidence of filtered stock (e.g., water, such as white water) impinging on the guide plate.
  • the curvature of various parts of the guide plate may be chosen such that these angles of incidence meet certain criteria (e.g., are less than 30 degrees).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary guide plate curvature, according to some embodiments.
  • Expected process conditions may be combined with geometrical parameters to calculate expected injection vectors 103, which may be used to determine an expected set of breakout vectors 303.
  • a breakout vector 303 may define a direction in which the filtered stock is ejected after having been filtered by the forming wire.
  • Each breakout vector 303 may intersect guide plate 250 at a point on the guide plate, at which a tangent may be determined, resulting in an incident angle 310 for that breakout vector.
  • Each incident angle 310 may define the angle at which a particular breakout vector 303 impinges on guide plate 250.
  • Breakout vectors 303 may be used to determine a shape and orientation (e.g., distance, angle) of guide plate 250. Various portions may be shaped to efficiently convert the impinging momentum of the filtered water to tangential momentum, carrying the water to the turbine with minimal frictional or turbulent losses.
  • the shape and/or orientation of guide plate 250 may be designed such that, for a plurality of incident angles 310 resulting from the intersection of a plurality of breakout vectors 303 (over the surface of the guide plate), one or more constraints on the incident angles is fulfilled.
  • guide plate 250 has a first portion comprising a mid portion 260, a second portion comprising a leading portion 270, and a third portion comprising a terminal portion 280.
  • Leading portion 270 may have a leading distance 272 from leading edge 154 to a boundary between the first (e.g., mid) and leading portions.
  • Terminal portion 280 may have a terminal distance 282 from terminal edge 153 to a boundary between the first (e.g., mid) and terminal portions.
  • Leading distance 272 may be the same or different than terminal distance 282. In some embodiments, leading distance 272 is smaller than terminal distance 282. Preferably, leading distance 272 may be greater than terminal distance 282.
  • leading distance 272 may be larger than for a similar configuration in which the lead roll is farther from the headbox.
  • Leading distance 272 and/or terminal distance 282 may be between 0.05% and 10%, including between 0.1% and 8%, including between 1% and 7% of the forming roll diameter.
  • leading distance 272 may be between 70 and 120 mm, including between 90 and 110 mm, and terminal distance 282 may be between 50 and 100 mm, including between 60 and 80mm.
  • Leading edge 154 may be positioned approximately 30-50mm from the forming roll, and as close as possible (e.g., 12- 20mm) from the lead roll.
  • Terminal edge 153 may be approximately 80-120 mm from the forming roll, including 90-110 mm from the forming roll.
  • a first portion (e.g., a mid portion) has a radius of curvature larger than that of the forming roll (e.g., the radius of curvature of the first portion is 100%-120% of that of the forming roll, including 108% to 118%.
  • the guide plate may include a second portion having a radius of curvature smaller than that of the forming roll (e.g., 70%-95%, including 75% to 90%).
  • the second portion may comprise an interface between the first portion and another portion.
  • leading portion 270 may be shaped to prevent "overspray" of filtered stock (e.g., passing above the guide plate in FIG. 3).
  • Terminal portion 280 may be shaped to efficiently direct water into turbine 140.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments. At least a portion of the guide plate may be designed to capture filtered stock (e.g., white water) that is ejected through the forming wire before the forming wire contacts forming roll 110.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary leading portion 270.
  • a breakout angle 400 between injection vector 103 and a breakout vector 403 may be used to determine an incident angle 410. Breakout angle 400 may be chosen according to a type of stock, stock concentration, fiber type, forming wire type, forming wire velocity, stock velocity, and the like.
  • a breakout angle 400 may be chosen according to an angle of the forming wire (e.g., an angle between the forming wire (going from the lead to forming rolls).
  • An angle between the forming wire and breakout vector 403 may be between 10 and 15 degrees, including between 12 and 14 degrees.
  • a breakout angle (e.g., breakout angle 400) may be greater than 0 degrees, including 1-14 degrees, including 2-12 degrees, including greater than three degrees, between 3 and 9 degrees, including between 6 and 8 degrees.
  • a breakout angle may be between 4 and 16 degrees, including between 6 and 12 degrees, including between 8 and 10 degrees.
  • the shape and orientation of guide plate 250 may be chosen such that incident angles 410 associated with various breakout vectors 403 do not exceed 30 degrees, preferably 25 degrees, preferably 22 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, preferably 18 degrees, preferably 15 degrees, preferably 10 degrees. In an exemplary embodiment, incident angles over a guide plate vary from about 14 degrees to about 20 degrees. [0053] FIG.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary mid portion 260, which may be associated with various points at which stock is ejected from the forming roll.
  • a breakout angle 500 between a breakout vector 503 and a tangent 505 to the forming roll at the point at which breakout vector 503 is ejected from the forming roll may be greater than zero degrees, including 1-14 degrees, including 2-12 degrees, including greater than three degrees, between 3 and 9 degrees, including between 6 and 8 degrees.
  • the shape and orientation of guide plate 250 may be chosen such that incident angles 510 associated with various breakout vectors 503 do not exceed 30 degrees, preferably 25 degrees, preferably 22 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, preferably 18 degrees, preferably 15 degrees, preferably 10 degrees. In an exemplary implementation, the incident angles vary from about 18 to about 24 degrees, including from about 20 to about 22 degrees.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary constraint on curvature of a portion of a guide plate, according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary terminal portion 280, which may be associated with various points at which stock is ejected from the forming roll.
  • a breakout angle 500 between a breakout vector 503 and a tangent 505 to the forming roll at the point at which breakout vector 503 is ejected from the forming roll may be greater than zero degrees, including 1-14 degrees, including 2-12 degrees, including greater than three degrees, between 3 and 9 degrees, including between 6 and 8 degrees.
  • the shape and orientation of guide plate 250 may be chosen such that incident angles 610 associated with various breakout vectors 503 do not exceed 30 degrees, preferably 25 degrees, preferably 22 degrees, preferably 20 degrees, preferably 18 degrees. In an exemplary embodiment, the incident angles vary from about 22 to 27 degrees.
  • breakout angles may be substantially the same over the forming wire.
  • two or more breakout angles 300, 400, 500, 600 may differ.
  • a a plurality (even a continuity of many) breakout vectors is used to define a plurality of breakout angles, and the guide plate is shaped such that none of these angles exceeds a desired limit on breakout angle size.
  • a shape may be constrained to have a minimum breakout angle (e.g., 1, 3, 5 or even 10 degrees).
  • a breakout angle associated with a region in which filtered stock is ejected from the forming wire prior to the forming roll may be larger than (e.g., 1% larger, 2% larger, or even 5% larger) than a breakout angle associated with the ejection of stock when the forming wire is contacting the forming roll (e.g., angles 500, 600).
  • a first breakout angle 400 is between 4 and 18 degrees, including between 6 and 16 degrees, including between 8 and 14 degrees
  • a second breakout angle 500, 600 is between 4 and 10 degrees, including between 5 and 9 degrees, including between 6 and 8 degrees.
  • Variation of these conditions and parameters may change the velocity, position, and/or shape of the water stream (or spray) ejected through forming wire 130.
  • guide plate 250 may have a shaped that matches a combination of forming section dimensions and expected process conditions.
  • a computer simulation e.g., finite element modeling, FEM
  • FEM finite element modeling
  • CAD computer aided design
  • a papermaking machine comprises a guide plate for which a first breakout vector 403 defines a direction in which filtered stock is ejected from the forming wire after having been filtered by the forming wire, and a first breakout angle 400 between the first breakout vector 403 and an injection vector 103.
  • a second breakout vector 503 may define a direction in which filtered stock is ejected from a point on the forming roll, and a second breakout angle 500 between the second breakout vector 503 and a tangent 505 to the forming roll at a point on the forming roll from which the second breakout vector 503 is ejected.
  • a first set of breakout vectors is associated with a first portion of the guide plate, and a second set of breakout vectors is associated with a second portion of the guide plate.
  • Various embodiments may comprise a guide plate 250, an apparatus 200 including a guide plate 250, and/or a papermaking machine 100 comprising a guide plate 250 (e.g., as part of an apparatus 200).
  • embodiments may be identified by the guide plate itself (e.g., a guide plate having a plurality of curvatures). Some embodiments may be identified in concert with the apparatus and forming section of the papermaking machine (e.g., via experimentally determined and/or modeled breakout vectors, which may be used to calculate breakout angles).
  • a constraint on impingement angle may be readily incorporated into a model, and this constraint may be used to rapidly design a guide plate (e.g., according to a particular forming section geometry) that meets this constraint.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a representative difference between two guide plate shapes, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a scale illustration.
  • a first guide plate 710 may comprise a planar leading portion 270
  • a second guide plate 720 may comprise a leading portion 270 having the same curvature as a center portion 260 of the guide plate.
  • the incorporation of a planar leading portion 270 (in guide plate 710) results in a lower incident angle of impinging water, notwithstanding the guide plates having the same position of leading edge 154. Visually, such a change may appear small.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are computer simulations of flow vectors (of impinging water) for forming sections and process conditions that are identical, except for the choice of guide plate shape, according to an embodiment.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are computer simulations of flow vectors (of impinging water) for forming sections and process conditions that are identical, except for the choice of guide plate shape, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8A and 8B illustrate simulated water flow using dotted lines, in which breakout vectors represent water flow off the forming wire, after which the vectors contact the guide plate and "reflect" according to their incident angles.
  • FIG. 8A illustrates expected flow vectors for an apparatus having guide plate 710 (FIG. 7). With guide plate 710, no flow vectors "bounce back" into forming roll 110.
  • FIG. 8B illustrates expected flow vectors for an apparatus having guide plate 720 (FIG. 7). With guide plate 720, a portion of the flow vectors "bounce back" into forming roll 110, as shown in bounceback region 810.
  • FIGS. 9A and 9B are "higher magnification" illustrations of the simulations shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, respectively.
  • a finite distance 900 separates all flow vectors from the surface of forming roll 110 (none of the vectors bounce back into the forming roll). Such a configuration is expected to prevent ejected stock from bouncing back into the forming roll.
  • FIG. 9B illustrates bounceback region 810, and shows how certain vectors (arriving at the leading portion of the guide plate) bounce back into the forming roll.
  • FIGS. 10 A and 10B illustrate components of certain guide plates, according to some embodiments.
  • Guide plate 1050 may comprise a back plate 1060.
  • a back plate may cover and/or protect internal features of the guide plate.
  • a back plate may provide a relatively smooth, "clean" surface that reduces the likelihood that unwanted material (e.g., mist, fiber) deposits on the back of the guide plate.
  • FIG. 10B illustrates several internal beams.
  • the maintenance of a desired shape may require a combination of high stiffness and relatively low mass.
  • High stiffness may increase resistance to deformation due to the
  • Beams 1070 may increase the stiffness of the guide plate with relatively modest weight increases. Beams 1070 may be arranged in several directions (e.g., forming a structural "web" supporting the front face of the guide plate). Beams 1070 may be combined with back plate 1060. This combination may increase stiffness and/or reduce the deposition of unwanted material in the open regions between beams 1070.
  • bushing mounts 1080 may be located at a portion of the guide plate (e.g., an outer edge) that, were contact with the turbine to occur, would locate this contact at a less-damaging point of the turbine (e.g., not on the blades).
  • An exemplary bushing may be 10- 20 cm thick, including about 12-16 cm thick.
  • a bushing may be connected to a box section and/or other structural feature "behind" the guiding surface of the guide plate.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a representative box section, according to some embodiments.
  • a guide plate may comprise one or more box sections, particularly hollow box sections, separating a front face of the guide plate form a back sheet of the guide plate.
  • guide plate 1150 comprises box sections 1100, which may stiffen the guide plate in various directions.
  • the box section dimensions and sheet thicknesses (of metal) may be optimized (e.g., using FEM simulations). Optimization may comprise choosing dimensions that minimize gravity load (and its associated deformation) while still providing sufficient resistance to deformation due to the impinging water.
  • Typical box dimensions may be between 5mm and 300 mm, including between 10mm and 200mm, including between 20mm and 80mm, including between 30mm and 60mm.
  • box dimension 1110 is 40mm
  • box dimensions 1120 and 1130 are 50mm.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a guide plate according to some
  • a guide plate may be fabricated using metal rolling techniques, which may suffice (e.g.,) for overall shape fabrication. Energy recovery optimization may require improved fabrication methods. Energy efficiency may be increased by finishing the surface of the guide plate to have an arithmetical mean roughness (Ra) that does not exceed 8 microns, particularly 3 microns, particularly 1 micron, particularly 0.5 microns, particularly 0.3 microns.
  • Ra arithmetical mean roughness
  • a guide plate may include a machined surface.
  • guide plate 1250 includes a machined terminal portion 1240 and a machined terminal edge 153.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a guide plate according to an embodiment, with several representative identification lines used to demarcate deformation during FEM simulations.
  • guide plate 1350 is a scale model.
  • Line 1310 spans the guide plate across a cross-direction of the guide plate in leading portion 270.
  • Lines 1320 and 1330 span the guide plate in a terminal portion 280. Lines 1310, 1320, and 1330 will be used to identify representative deformations in the following FEM simulations.
  • a terminal portion may have a distance 282 that is between about 3 and 15 cm, including 4 and 10 cm, including between 6 and 9 cm.
  • FIG. 14A illustrates the coordinate systems used to report the modeled behavior of the lines shown in FIG. 13, according to an embodiment.
  • a finite element model in this case, using ANSYS
  • FIG. 14A illustrates the coordinates used to represent deformation at line 1310 in leading portion 270 and lines 1320 and 1330 in terminal portion 280.
  • the relevant coordinate system comprises an x-direction that is tangent to the guide plate surface (with positive value pointing "downstream") and a y-direction that is orthogonal to the surface (of that portion).
  • a positive x-value for line 1310 represents deformation in a similar direction as a negative y-value (for lines 1320 and 1330).
  • a positive y-value (for line 1310) represents a similar deformation as a positive x-value for lines 1320 and 1330.
  • Guide plate 1350 utilizes box sections and a back sheet.
  • FIG. 14B is a plot of modeled deformation (generated using ANSYS) of guide plate 1350, under gravity loading and jet force (from velocity and volume of impinging water of an actual paper machine in actual operating conditions) according to an embodiment.
  • the deformation/displacement of line 1310 does not exceed 2mm in the x-direction, or "away" from the forming roll.
  • the deformation/displacement of line 1310 does not exceed 4mm in the negative- y direction (or “upward” in FIG. 14A.
  • the deformation/displacement of lines 1320 and 1330 does not exceed 1.5mm in the negative-x direction (or "upward” on FIG. 14A).
  • lines 1320 and 1330 does not exceed 1.1mm in the negative-y direction (or "downstream" with respect to the machine direction).
  • Deformation due to gravitational loads may be accommodated during installation.
  • a guide plate may be installed and aligned (i.e., under gravity load) with respect to the forming roll, lead roll, and turbine.
  • FEM simulations may be used to determine a shape, size, and mounting configuration expected to result in a desired performance.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a predicted deformation due to jet loading by impinging water, according to some embodiments. Efficiency may typically be increased by positioning the terminal edge of the guide plate very close (e.g., within a few mm, including within 2mm, including within 1mm) of the turbine. Such positioning requires confidence that, during operation, the guide plate and turbine will not contact each other inadvertently.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates the effect of jet forces on guide plate shape and position, using lines 1310, 1320, and 1330 (FIG. 13) and the coordinate systems of FIG. 14A.
  • the expected deformation of the terminal portion does not exceed 0.12 mm in the x-direction ("downward” toward the turbine) and negative 0.15 mm in the y-direction ("downstream” toward the turbine). These values may be used to offset the terminal portion during installation. These values may also increase confidence that the shape of the guide plate will not change so much during operation (via jet forces) that performance may be hindered or the equipment may be damaged.
  • the lines show a "wavy" profile across the plate, associated with the position of the (two) mounting points. Increased box section thickness may be used to reduce this waviness. An increased number of mounting points (e.g., three, four, or even six mounting points) may also reduce this waviness. Comparing FIGS. 14B and 15, the importance of FEM simulations of guide plate shape become apparent. For the leading portion, gravity loads may be
  • the leading portion may "sag” under its own weight, which could cause a portion of the jet to "pass above” the leading edge.
  • jet contact with the leading portion may "lift” that portion, which could cause the leading edge to contact the lead roll.
  • An optimal guide plate shape may capture impinging water without deforming into another component, and still maintain desired impingement angles to result in efficient energy transfer to the turbine.
  • the jet forces may result in significant deformation (as compared to gravity loading).
  • FEM simulations may be critical to predict an actual position of the terminal edge (with respect to the turbine) prior to starting the machine.
  • FIGS. 16 A and 16B illustrate modeled deformation of a guide plate, according to some embodiments, in this example using ANSYS.
  • FIG. 16A illustrates the combination of jet loading and gravity loading, and illustrates a maximum deformation of the leading portion 270 (before and after the jet is turned on) of 4.31 mm.
  • FIG. 16B illustrates deformation and displacement of the guide plate due to jet loading only, with the back plate removed to view the back side of the guiding surface per se (showing beams).
  • FIG 16B compares the calculated deformation and displacement to an "unstressed" shape and position (which is shown as a "shadow” using exaggerated displacements in the illustration).
  • the deformation and displacement is graphically exaggerated to facilitate viewing.
  • the overall curvature of the guide plate may decrease slightly (the loaded guide plate is more "bowed") and the leading edge of the guide plate is moved “downstream” slightly. Additionally, the lateral bending "waviness” is shown. However, overall deformation does not exceed 0.54mm.
  • FEM methods may be used to design geometry (e.g., number and size of actuator and pivot connections), spacing between connections, box size and shape, metal thicknesses, and the like.
  • This geometry may be modeled to predict an actual shape of the guide plate when loaded (during use).
  • the actual shape may be compared with desired constraints (e.g., on impinging angles) to ensure that ejected water actually impinges at the desired angles.
  • desired constraints e.g., on impinging angles
  • energy efficiency may be maximized, while probability of damage (e.g., due to inadvertent contact) may be minimized.
  • Embodiments need not incorporate all, or even a plurality of, features described herein. Various features described herein may be

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des systèmes et des procédés pour la récupération d'énergie pendant la fabrication de papier, tissu, carton et similaires. L'eau éjectée depuis un fil de mise en forme (132) entraîné par un rouleau de mise en forme (110) peut être dirigée dans une turbine (140) par une plaque de guidage (250). La plaque de guidage peut présenter une forme particulière qui renforce l'efficacité avec laquelle l'eau est guidée dans la turbine tout en réduisant une tendance de l'eau à rebondir dans le rouleau de mise en forme. La surface de la plaque de guidage peut présenter une pluralité de courbures. La surface de la plaque de guidage peut être formée de manière à respecter une ou plusieurs contraintes concernant l'angle d'incidence de l'eau qui entre en contact avec la plaque de guidage après avoir été éjectée depuis le fil de mise en forme.
PCT/EP2015/065023 2014-07-02 2015-07-01 Forme de plaque de guidage pour la récupération d'énergie à partir d'une quantité de mouvement d'un stock Ceased WO2016001320A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1450823A SE539886C2 (en) 2014-07-02 2014-07-02 Guide plate shape for recovering energy from stock momentum
SE1450823-8 2014-07-02

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WO2016001320A1 true WO2016001320A1 (fr) 2016-01-07

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PCT/EP2015/065023 Ceased WO2016001320A1 (fr) 2014-07-02 2015-07-01 Forme de plaque de guidage pour la récupération d'énergie à partir d'une quantité de mouvement d'un stock

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SE (1) SE539886C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016001320A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000073581A1 (fr) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-07 Valmet Corporation Machine a papier pour former du papier menager mettant en oeuvre une presse a air
WO2001044564A1 (fr) * 1999-12-16 2001-06-21 Metso Paper Karlstad Aktiebolag Arrangement et procede de recuperation d'energie sur une machine a papier

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000073581A1 (fr) * 1999-06-02 2000-12-07 Valmet Corporation Machine a papier pour former du papier menager mettant en oeuvre une presse a air
WO2001044564A1 (fr) * 1999-12-16 2001-06-21 Metso Paper Karlstad Aktiebolag Arrangement et procede de recuperation d'energie sur une machine a papier

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SE1450823A1 (sv) 2016-01-03
SE539886C2 (en) 2018-01-02

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