WO2016080407A1 - 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 - Google Patents
導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016080407A1 WO2016080407A1 PCT/JP2015/082306 JP2015082306W WO2016080407A1 WO 2016080407 A1 WO2016080407 A1 WO 2016080407A1 JP 2015082306 W JP2015082306 W JP 2015082306W WO 2016080407 A1 WO2016080407 A1 WO 2016080407A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/01—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts characterised by the form or arrangement of the conductive interconnection between the connecting locations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to conductive particles having base particles and conductive portions arranged on the surface of the base particles.
- the present invention also relates to a conductive material and a connection structure using the conductive particles.
- Anisotropic conductive materials such as anisotropic conductive paste and anisotropic conductive film are widely known.
- anisotropic conductive material conductive particles are dispersed in a binder resin.
- the anisotropic conductive material may be connected between a flexible printed circuit board and a glass substrate (FOG (Film on Glass)), or connected between a semiconductor chip and a flexible printed circuit board (COF ( (Chip on Film)), connection between a semiconductor chip and a glass substrate (COG (Chip on Glass)), connection between a flexible printed circuit board and a glass epoxy substrate (FOB (Film on Board)), and the like.
- FOG Glass
- COF Chip on Film
- Patent Document 1 discloses conductive particles including base particles and a conductive layer formed on the surface of the base particles.
- the conductive layer contains nickel or a nickel alloy.
- the conductive layer has protrusions that are aggregates of massive fine particles on the surface.
- Patent Document 2 discloses conductive particles in which a metal or alloy film is formed on the surface of core material particles.
- the conductive particles have a plurality of protrusions protruding from the surface of the film.
- the protrusion is composed of a particle connected body in which a plurality of particles of the metal or alloy are connected in a row.
- protrusions are formed on the outer surface of the conductive portion.
- conductive particles are arranged between the electrodes, and heating and pressurization are performed.
- the protrusions are easily broken, and the connection resistance between the electrodes may be increased. In addition, insulation failure may occur due to the broken protrusion.
- An object of the present invention is to provide conductive particles that can enhance conduction reliability and insulation reliability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a conductive material and a connection structure using the conductive particles.
- the substrate includes a base particle, a first conductive portion, and a second conductive portion, and the first conductive portion is disposed on an outer surface of the base particle.
- the second conductive portion is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion, the first conductive portion has no protrusion on the outer surface, and the second conductive portion is on the outer surface.
- the thickness of the first conductive portion is 10 nm or more.
- the first conductive part has a Vickers hardness of 50 or more.
- the first conductive portion contains nickel.
- the average height of the plurality of protrusions is 5 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
- the surface area of the portion having the protrusion is 5% or more out of 100% of the total surface area of the outer surface of the conductive portion located on the outermost side in the conductive particle.
- the first conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus and It contains at least one selected from the group consisting of boron.
- the second conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus and It contains at least one selected from the group consisting of boron.
- the conductive particle includes an insulating substance disposed on an outer surface of a conductive portion located on the outermost side of the conductive particle.
- the said electroconductive particle is equipped with the 3rd electroconductive part, and the said 3rd electroconductive part is arrange
- the said 2nd electroconductive part is arrange
- the third conductive portion is disposed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion so as to be in contact with the second conductive portion.
- the third conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus, and It contains at least one selected from the group consisting of boron.
- a conductive material including the above-described conductive particles and a binder resin.
- a first connection target member having a first electrode on the surface
- a second connection target member having a second electrode on the surface
- the first connection target member and the A connection portion connecting the second connection target member
- the material of the connection portion is the above-described conductive particles, or a conductive material containing the conductive particles and a binder resin
- a connection structure is provided in which the first electrode and the second electrode are electrically connected by the conductive particles.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention is equipped with the base particle, the 1st electroconductive part, and the 2nd electroconductive part, and the said 1st electroconductive part is arrange
- the second conductive portion is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion, the first conductive portion has no protrusion on the outer surface, and the second conductive portion is on the outer surface.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a connection structure using conductive particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional image showing conductive particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 6 is an EDS line analysis profile of the first conductive part containing nickel and the second conductive part containing nickel obtained in Example 9.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing conventional conductive particles.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional image showing conventional conductive particles.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention is equipped with a base particle, a 1st electroconductive part, and a 2nd electroconductive part.
- the first conductive portion is disposed on the outer surface of the base particle, and the second conductive portion is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion. ing.
- the first conductive portion does not have a protrusion on the outer surface, and the second conductive portion has a plurality of protrusions on the outer surface.
- the conductive particles there are conductive particles in which a core substance is disposed inside or inside the conductive portion and inside the protrusion in order to form a protrusion on the outer surface of the conductive portion.
- the outer surface of the conductive portion is raised by the core material, so that the protrusion is formed.
- the conductive particles according to the present invention no core substance is used, and no core substance is disposed inside the protrusion of the second conductive portion.
- the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are connected to the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion by observation with a transmission electron microscope.
- the number of line defects in the crystal does not count crystal line defects that do not penetrate the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion in the thickness direction. In the evaluation of examples described later, it is evaluated whether or not there is a crystal line defect penetrating the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion in the thickness direction.
- the conductive particles are disposed between the electrodes, and heating and pressurization are performed.
- the protrusions are not easily broken and the connection resistance can be lowered.
- the protrusion is less likely to be broken because the line defect of the crystal penetrates the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion in the thickness direction between the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion. This is because the number of crystal line defects penetrating the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion in the thickness direction is 10 or less.
- an oxide film is often formed on the surface of the conductive particles and the surface of the electrode.
- the protrusions can easily penetrate the surface of the conductive particles and the oxide film on the surface of the electrodes, so that the connection resistance between the electrodes can be lowered and the conduction reliability can be improved. it can.
- electrical connection between the electrodes at a high pressure may be required.
- the conductive particles according to the present invention are referred to as conductive particles because a conductive portion is formed on the surface, but the use of the conductive particles according to the present invention is not limited to the conductive connection use.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention can be used besides the use as which electroconductivity is calculated
- the conductive particles according to the present invention can also be used as a gap control material (spacer).
- the first conductive part has no protrusion on the outer surface. There may be minute irregularities on the outer surface of the first conductive portion.
- the convex part whose height is less than 10 nm is not included in the protrusion.
- the convex portion having a height of less than 10 nm in the first conductive portion does not contribute much to the reduction of connection resistance, for example.
- the conductive particles include a third conductive portion on the outer surface of the second conductive portion. It is preferable that the third conductive portion is disposed on the surface.
- the third conductive portion preferably has a protrusion on the outer surface.
- the first conductive portion does not have a crystal line defect penetrating the first conductive portion in the thickness direction.
- the second conductive portion does not have a crystal line defect penetrating the second conductive portion in the thickness direction.
- the first conductive portion has no crystal line defect.
- the second conductive portion has no crystal line defect.
- the crystal is refined by increasing the phosphorus content in the Ni conductive part, the finer by increasing the boron content in the Ni conductive part, and in the plating solution.
- the refinement by adding an organic brightener and the refinement by adding a metallic brightener are highly effective in preventing the generation of crystal line defects in the conductive part.
- Methods for increasing the phosphorus or boron content in the nickel plating conductive part include reducing the pH of the plating solution to slow the reaction rate of the nickel plating solution, reducing the temperature of the nickel plating solution, and in the nickel plating solution And a method of increasing the concentration of the phosphorus-based reducing agent and boron-based reducing agent, and a method of increasing the concentration of the complexing agent in the nickel plating solution. As for these methods, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- organic brightener examples include saccharin, sodium naphthalene disulfonate, sodium naphthalene trisulfonate, sodium allyl sulfonate, sodium propargyl sulfonate, butynediol, propargyl alcohol, coumarin, formalin, ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, polyalkyl Examples include imine, polyethyleneimine, gelatin, dextrin, thiourea, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, cinnamic acid, nicotinic acid, and benzalacetone. As for the said organic type brightener, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- organic brightener examples include ethoxylated polyethyleneimine, polyalkylimine, polyethyleneimine, and polyethylene glycol.
- a metal stabilizer to the plating solution.
- the stability of the plating solution is improved, and a plating film having few crystal line defects and good coverage on the substrate particles is formed.
- the metal stabilizer examples include lead compounds, bismuth compounds, thallium compounds, and vanadium compounds. Specific examples of the metal stabilizer include sulfates, carbonates, acetates, nitrates and hydrochlorides of metals (lead, bismuth, thallium, vanadium) constituting the compound. In consideration of the influence on the environment, a bismuth compound, a thallium compound or a vanadium compound is preferable.
- palladium ions or palladium colloids be adsorbed uniformly and densely onto the base particles in the palladium catalyst treatment step of plating pretreatment.
- the metal plating coverage on the substrate particles is improved, and crystal line defects are less likely to occur at the interface between the substrate particles and the conductive portion.
- the concentration of the palladium catalyst solution, the processing temperature, and the processing time it is possible to make it difficult for the crystal line defects to occur in the conductive portion.
- the crystallinity of the Ni conductive part can be mentioned.
- the crystal can be extremely coarsened compared to the Ni conductive part containing phosphorus or boron using a normal phosphorus-based reducing agent and boron-based reducing agent.
- the crystal orientation can be controlled.
- a method for increasing the Ni purity in the nickel plating conductive part a method using an electroless nickel plating solution not containing a phosphorus-based reducing agent and a boron-based reducing agent is preferable.
- the reducing agent that does not include a phosphorus-based reducing agent and a boron-based reducing agent include a trivalent titanium compound and a hydrazine compound.
- Specific examples of the reducing agent include titanium trichloride, hydrazinium sulfate, hydrazine monohydrate, and the like.
- conductive layers having different crystallite sizes are formed in a laminated structure. Is preferred. A conductive layer having a small crystallite size is formed in the first conductive portion, and a second conductive portion having a crystallite size larger than the first conductive portion is formed, whereby the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are formed. It is possible to make it difficult to generate a crystal line defect penetrating the conductive portion in the thickness direction.
- a conductive layer having a small crystallite size is formed in the first conductive portion, a second conductive portion having a crystallite size larger than the first conductive portion is formed, and the crystallite is larger than the second conductive portion.
- the thickness of the first conductive portion is preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 20 nm or more, still more preferably more than 20 nm, and particularly preferably 25 nm or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the first conductive part is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the first conductive part may be 1000 nm or less, or 500 nm or less.
- the Vickers hardness of the first conductive portion is preferably 50 or more, more preferably 100 or more.
- the upper limit of the Vickers hardness of the first conductive part is not particularly limited, and the first conductive part is preferably as hard as possible.
- the Vickers hardness of the first conductive portion is preferably higher than the Vickers hardness of the second conductive portion.
- the absolute value of the difference between the Vickers hardness of the first conductive portion and the Vickers hardness of the second conductive portion is preferably 10 or more. More preferably, it is 50 or more.
- the upper limit of the absolute value of the difference between the Vickers hardness of the first conductive part and the Vickers hardness of the second conductive part is not particularly limited.
- the Vickers hardness of the first conductive part is preferably higher than the Vickers hardness of the third conductive part.
- the absolute value of the difference between the Vickers hardness of the first conductive portion and the Vickers hardness of the third conductive portion is preferably 10 or more. More preferably, it is 50 or more.
- the upper limit of the absolute value of the difference between the Vickers hardness of the first conductive part and the Vickers hardness of the third conductive part is not particularly limited.
- the first conductive portion contains nickel.
- the conductive part containing nickel includes a conductive part containing a nickel alloy.
- the compression elastic modulus (10% K value) when the conductive particles are compressed by 10% is preferably 1500 N / mm 2 or more, more preferably 3500 N / mm 2 or more, preferably 80000 N / mm 2 or less, more preferably 60000 N / mm 2 or less.
- the compression elastic modulus (10% K value) of the conductive particles can be measured as follows.
- the conductive particles are compressed under the conditions of a smooth indenter end face of a cylinder (diameter 100 ⁇ m, made of diamond) at 25 ° C., a compression rate of 0.3 mN / second, and a maximum test load of 20 mN.
- the load value (N) and compression displacement (mm) at this time are measured. From the measured value obtained, the compression elastic modulus can be obtained by the following formula.
- the micro compression tester for example, “Fischer Scope H-100” manufactured by Fischer is used.
- the average height of the plurality of protrusions is preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, preferably 1000 nm or less, more preferably 500 nm or less. .
- the average height of the protrusions is an average of the heights of a plurality of protrusions included in one conductive particle.
- the height of the projection is a virtual line of the conductive portion (dashed line shown in FIG. 1) on the assumption that there is no projection on the line (dashed line L1 shown in FIG. 1) connecting the center of the conductive particles and the tip of the projection.
- L2 Indicates the distance from the top (on the outer surface of the spherical conductive particles assuming no projection) to the tip of the projection. That is, in FIG. 1, the distance from the intersection of the broken line L1 and the broken line L2 to the tip of the protrusion is shown.
- the surface area of the portion having the protrusion is preferably 5% or more in the total surface area 100% of the outer surface of the conductive part located on the outermost side in the conductive particles, More preferably, it is 25% or more, preferably 98% or less, more preferably 70% or less.
- the surface area of the portion where the protrusion is present is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 25%, out of the total surface area 100% of the outer surface of the second conductive portion. Or more, preferably 98% or less, more preferably 70% or less.
- the surface area of the portion with the protrusion is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 25%, out of the total surface area of 100% of the outer surface of the third conductive portion. Or more, preferably 98% or less, more preferably 70% or less.
- the deformation rate of the conductive particles at a load value of 1 mN is preferably 3% or more, more preferably 30% or more, preferably 60% or less, more preferably 36% or less.
- the deformation rate of the conductive particles at a load value of 5 mN is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 45% or more, preferably 70% or less, more preferably 55% or less.
- the compression recovery rate of the conductive particles at a load value of 1 mN is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 8% or more, preferably 80% or less, more preferably. Is 15% or less.
- the compression recovery rate at a load value of 5 mN of the conductive particles is preferably 5% or more, more preferably 25% or more, preferably 60% or less, more preferably. Is 35% or less.
- the deformation rate and compression recovery rate of the conductive particles can be measured as follows.
- Compression recovery rate (%) [(L1-L2) / L1] ⁇ 100
- L1 Compressive displacement from the origin load value to the reverse load value when applying a load
- L2 Unloading displacement from the reverse load value to the origin load value when releasing the load
- Compression deformation rate (%) L1 / D ⁇ 100
- L1 Compressive displacement from the origin load value to the reverse load value when applying a load
- D Diameter of conductive particles
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particle 1 includes a base particle 2, a first conductive part 3 (conductive layer), a second conductive part 4 (conductive layer), and an insulating substance 5.
- a multilayer conductive portion is formed in the conductive particle 1, a multilayer conductive portion is formed.
- the first conductive portion 3 and the second conductive portion 4 penetrate the first conductive portion 3 and the second conductive portion 4 in the thickness direction by observation with a transmission electron microscope. There are no crystal line defects, or there are 10 or less crystal line defects penetrating through the first conductive portion 3 and the second conductive portion 4 in the thickness direction.
- the first conductive part 3 is disposed on the outer surface of the base particle 2.
- the first conductive portion 3 is in contact with the base particle 2.
- the second conductive portion 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 3.
- the second conductive part 4 is in contact with the first conductive part 3.
- the conductive particle 1 is a coated particle in which the outer surface of the base particle 2 is covered with the first conductive part 3 and the second conductive part 4.
- the second conductive portion 4 is a conductive portion located on the outermost side of the conductive particle 1. Other conductive parts are not arranged on the outer surface of the second conductive part 4.
- the conductive particles 1 do not have protrusions on the outer surface of the first conductive part 3.
- the conductive particle 1 has a plurality of protrusions 1 a on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4.
- the first conductive portion 3 does not have a protrusion on the outer surface.
- the outer surface shape of the first conductive portion is spherical.
- the second conductive portion 4 has a plurality of protrusions 4a on the outer surface. There are a plurality of protrusions 1a and 4a.
- the shape of the protrusions 1a and 4a is a part of a sphere.
- the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4 is rust-proofed.
- a rust preventive film (not shown) is formed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4.
- the conductive particle 1 includes an insulating material 5 disposed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4. At least a part of the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4 is covered with the insulating material 5.
- the insulating substance 5 is made of an insulating material and is an insulating particle.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention may be provided with the insulating substance arrange
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particle 1 ⁇ / b> A includes a base particle 2, a first conductive part 3 ⁇ / b> A (conductive layer), and a second conductive part 4 ⁇ / b> A (conductive layer).
- the first conductive portion 3A and the second conductive portion 4A penetrate through the first conductive portion 3A and the second conductive portion 4A in the thickness direction by observation with a transmission electron microscope. There are no crystal line defects, or there are 10 or less crystal line defects penetrating the first conductive portion 3A and the second conductive portion 4A in the thickness direction.
- the first conductive part 3 ⁇ / b> A is disposed on the outer surface of the base particle 2.
- First conductive portion 3 ⁇ / b> A is in contact with substrate particle 2.
- the second conductive portion 4A is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 3A.
- the second conductive portion 4A is in contact with the first conductive portion 3A.
- the second conductive portion 4A is a conductive portion located on the outermost side in the conductive particle 1A. Other conductive parts are not arranged on the outer surface of the second conductive part 4A.
- the conductive particle 1A has no protrusion on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 3A.
- the conductive particle 1A has a plurality of protrusions 1Aa on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4A.
- the first conductive portion 3A has no protrusion on the outer surface.
- the outer surface shape of the first conductive portion 3A is spherical.
- the second conductive portion 4A has a plurality of protrusions 4Aa on the outer surface. There are a plurality of protrusions 1Aa and 4Aa.
- the shape of the protrusions 1Aa and 4Aa is a shape having an aspect ratio of 1.5 or more.
- the shape of the protrusion is not particularly limited.
- the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4A is rust-proofed.
- a rust preventive film (not shown) is formed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4A.
- the conductive particle 1A does not include an insulating material on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4A.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention does not need to be provided with the insulating substance on the outer surface of a 2nd electroconductive part.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing conductive particles according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the conductive particles 1 ⁇ / b> B include base material particles 2, a first conductive part 3 ⁇ / b> B (conductive layer), a second conductive part 4 ⁇ / b> B (conductive layer), and a third conductive part 6 ⁇ / b> B ( A conductive layer) and an insulating material 5.
- the conductive particles according to the present invention may include a third conductive portion.
- the first conductive portion 3B and the second conductive portion 4B penetrate the first conductive portion 3B and the second conductive portion 4B in the thickness direction by observation with a transmission electron microscope.
- Crystal line defects penetrating the first conductive portion 3B and the second conductive portion 4B in the thickness direction cause the first conductive portion 3B, the second conductive portion 4B, and the third conductive portion 6B to have a thickness. It may be a crystal line defect penetrating in the direction, and may be a crystal line defect not penetrating the first conductive portion 3B, the second conductive portion 4B, and the third conductive portion 6B in the thickness direction. May be.
- the first conductive portion 3B is disposed on the outer surface of the base particle 2.
- the first conductive portion 3 ⁇ / b> B is in contact with the base material particle 2.
- the second conductive portion 4B is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 3B.
- the second conductive part 4B is in contact with the first conductive part 3B.
- a second conductive portion 4B is disposed between the first conductive portion 3B and the third conductive portion 6B.
- the third conductive portion 6B is disposed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 4B.
- the third conductive portion 6B is in contact with the second conductive portion 4B.
- the third conductive portion 6B is a conductive portion located on the outermost side of the conductive particle 1B. Other conductive parts are not arranged on the outer surface of the third conductive part 6B.
- the conductive particle 1B does not have a protrusion on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 3B.
- the conductive particle 1B has a plurality of protrusions 1Ba on the outer surface of the third conductive portion 6B.
- the first conductive portion 3B has no protrusion on the outer surface.
- the outer surface shape of the first conductive portion 3B is spherical.
- the second conductive portion 4B has a plurality of protrusions 4Ba on the outer surface.
- the third conductive portion 6B has a plurality of protrusions 6Ba on the outer surface. There are a plurality of protrusions 1Ba, 4Ba, 6Ba.
- the outer surface of the third conductive portion 6B is rust-proofed.
- a rust preventive film (not shown) is formed on the outer surface of the third conductive portion 6B.
- the conductive particle 1B includes an insulating material 5 disposed on the outer surface of the third conductive portion 6B. At least a part of the outer surface of the third conductive portion 6 ⁇ / b> B is covered with the insulating material 5.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention may be provided with the insulating substance arrange
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional image of conductive particles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing conventional conductive particles.
- the conductive particle 101 includes a base particle 102, a first conductive part 103, a second conductive part 104, and an insulating substance 105.
- the first conductive portion 103 is disposed on the outer surface of the base particle 102.
- the second conductive portion 104 is disposed on the outer surface of the first conductive portion 103.
- the conductive particle 101 has a plurality of protrusions 101 a on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 104.
- the second conductive portion 104 has a plurality of protrusions 104a on the outer surface. There are a plurality of protrusions 101a and 104a.
- the conductive particles 101 have an insulating material 105 disposed on the outer surface of the second conductive portion 104.
- the conductive particle 101 penetrates the first conductive portion 103 and the second conductive portion 104 in the thickness direction through the first conductive portion 103 and the second conductive portion 104 by observation with a transmission electron microscope. There are more than 10 line defects X in the crystal. For this reason, when the electrodes are electrically connected using the conductive particles 101, the conduction reliability and the insulation reliability are lowered.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional image of the conventional conductive particles.
- (meth) acryl means one or both of “acryl” and “methacryl”
- (meth) acrylate means one or both of “acrylate” and “methacrylate”. means.
- the substrate particles include resin particles, inorganic particles excluding metal particles, organic-inorganic hybrid particles, and metal particles.
- the substrate particles are preferably substrate particles excluding metal particles, and more preferably resin particles, inorganic particles excluding metal particles, or organic-inorganic hybrid particles.
- the base particle may have a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core, or may be a core-shell particle.
- the core may be an organic core, and the shell may be an inorganic shell.
- the base material particles are more preferably resin particles or organic-inorganic hybrid particles, and may be resin particles or organic-inorganic hybrid particles. By using these preferable base particles, conductive particles more suitable for electrical connection between the electrodes can be obtained.
- the conductive particles When connecting the electrodes using the conductive particles, the conductive particles are compressed by placing the conductive particles between the electrodes and then pressing them.
- the substrate particles are resin particles or organic-inorganic hybrid particles, the conductive particles are easily deformed during the pressure bonding, and the contact area between the conductive particles and the electrode is increased. For this reason, the connection resistance between electrodes becomes still lower.
- the resin for forming the resin particles include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyisobutylene, and polybutadiene; acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate and polymethyl acrylate; Alkylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyamide, phenol formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, benzoguanamine formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, phenol resin, melamine resin, benzoguanamine resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, saturated polyester resin, polysulfone, polyphenylene Oxide, polyacetal, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyether ether Tons, polyethersulfone, and polymers such as obtained by a variety of polymerizable monomer having an ethylene
- Resin for forming the resin particles can be designed and synthesized, and the hardness of the base particles can be easily controlled within a suitable range, which is suitable for conductive materials and having physical properties at the time of compression.
- the monomer having the ethylenically unsaturated group may be a non-crosslinkable monomer or a crosslinkable monomer. And a polymer.
- non-crosslinkable monomer examples include styrene monomers such as styrene and ⁇ -methylstyrene; carboxyl group-containing monomers such as (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride; (Meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl ( Alkyl (meth) acrylates such as meth) acrylate and isobornyl (meth) acrylate; acids such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycerol (meth) acrylate, polyoxyethylene (meth) acrylate and glycidyl (meth) acrylate Atom
- crosslinkable monomer examples include tetramethylolmethane tetra (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tri (meth) acrylate, tetramethylolmethane di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, and dipenta Erythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, glycerol tri (meth) acrylate, glycerol di (meth) acrylate, (poly) ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, (poly) propylene glycol di (meth) Polyfunctional (meth) acrylates such as acrylate, (poly) tetramethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate; triallyl (iso) cyanure And silane
- the resin particles can be obtained by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group by a known method. Examples of this method include a method of suspension polymerization in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, and a method of polymerizing by swelling a monomer together with a radical polymerization initiator using non-crosslinked seed particles.
- the substrate particles are inorganic particles or organic-inorganic hybrid particles excluding metal particles
- examples of the inorganic material for forming the substrate particles include silica, alumina, barium titanate, zirconia, and carbon black.
- the inorganic substance is preferably not a metal.
- the particles formed by the silica are not particularly limited. For example, after forming a crosslinked polymer particle by hydrolyzing a silicon compound having two or more hydrolyzable alkoxysilyl groups, firing may be performed as necessary. The particle
- examples of the organic / inorganic hybrid particles include organic / inorganic hybrid particles formed of a crosslinked alkoxysilyl polymer and an acrylic resin.
- the organic-inorganic hybrid particles are preferably core-shell type organic-inorganic hybrid particles having a core and a shell disposed on the surface of the core.
- the core is preferably an organic core.
- the shell is preferably an inorganic shell.
- the base material particles are preferably organic-inorganic hybrid particles having an organic core and an inorganic shell disposed on the surface of the organic core.
- Examples of the material for forming the organic core include the resin for forming the resin particles described above.
- Examples of the material for forming the inorganic shell include inorganic substances for forming the above-described base material particles.
- the material for forming the inorganic shell is preferably silica.
- the inorganic shell is preferably formed on the surface of the core by forming a metal alkoxide into a shell-like material by a sol-gel method and then firing the shell-like material.
- the metal alkoxide is preferably a silane alkoxide.
- the inorganic shell is preferably formed of a silane alkoxide.
- the substrate particles are metal particles
- examples of the metal for forming the metal particles include silver, copper, nickel, silicon, gold, and titanium.
- the substrate particles are preferably not metal particles.
- the particle size of the core is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 10 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- the particle size of the core is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, more suitable conductive particles can be obtained by electrical connection between the electrodes, and the base particles can be suitably used for the use of conductive particles. Become.
- the core particle size is not less than the lower limit and not more than the upper limit
- the contact area between the conductive particles and the electrodes is sufficiently large, and Aggregated conductive particles are hardly formed when the conductive layer is formed. Further, the distance between the electrodes connected via the conductive particles does not become too large, and the conductive layer is difficult to peel from the surface of the base material particles.
- the particle diameter of the core means a diameter when the core is a true sphere, and means a maximum diameter when the core is a shape other than a true sphere.
- the particle size of a core means the average particle size which measured the core with the arbitrary particle size measuring apparatus.
- a particle size distribution measuring machine using principles such as laser light scattering, electrical resistance value change, and image analysis after imaging can be used.
- the thickness of the shell is preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 200 nm or more, preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the shell is an average thickness per base particle. The thickness of the shell can be controlled by controlling the sol-gel method.
- the particle diameter of the substrate particles is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 1.5 ⁇ m or more, particularly preferably 2 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1000 ⁇ m.
- more preferably 500 ⁇ m or less still more preferably 300 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 50 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less, particularly preferably 5 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the substrate particles is equal to or greater than the lower limit, the contact area between the conductive particles and the electrodes is increased, so that the conduction reliability between the electrodes is further increased and the conductive particles are connected via the conductive particles.
- the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the conductive portion is formed on the surface of the base particle by electroless plating, it becomes difficult to aggregate and the aggregated conductive particles are hardly formed.
- the average particle diameter of the substrate particles is not more than the above upper limit, the conductive particles are easily compressed, the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced, and the interval between the electrodes is further narrowed.
- the particle diameter of the substrate particles indicates a diameter when the substrate particles are spherical, and indicates a maximum diameter when the substrate particles are not spherical.
- the conductive particles have the first conductive part and the second conductive part as the conductive part.
- the metal contained in the conductive part, the first conductive part and the second conductive part nickel, gold, silver, copper, platinum, zinc, iron, tin, lead, aluminum, iridium, cobalt, indium, Examples include palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, chromium, titanium, antimony, bismuth, thallium, germanium, cadmium, silicon, tungsten, molybdenum, and tin-doped indium oxide (ITO).
- ITO tin-doped indium oxide
- the first conductive portion preferably contains gold, copper, nickel, or palladium. It is preferable that nickel is included.
- the second conductive portion may contain gold, copper, nickel, palladium, or ruthenium. Preferably, it contains nickel.
- the third conductive portion may contain gold, copper, nickel, palladium, or ruthenium. Preferably, it contains nickel.
- the conductive part containing nickel includes not only the case where nickel is used as a metal but also the case where nickel and another metal are used.
- the conductive part containing nickel may be a nickel alloy part.
- the conductive part containing nickel preferably contains nickel as a main metal.
- the nickel content (average content) is preferably 50% by weight or more.
- the content of nickel is preferably 65% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, and still more preferably 90% by weight or more.
- the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the conductive part containing nickel preferably contains copper, tungsten or molybdenum, and more preferably contains tungsten or molybdenum.
- Use of copper, tungsten or molybdenum further reduces the connection resistance between the electrodes.
- the copper content, the tungsten content and the molybdenum content are preferably 0.1% by weight or more, more preferably 5% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight. Hereinafter, it is more preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the connection resistance between the electrodes is effectively reduced.
- the conductive part containing nickel preferably contains phosphorus or boron, and more preferably contains phosphorus.
- the conductive part containing nickel may contain boron.
- the phosphorus content and the boron content are preferably more than 0% by weight, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, still more preferably 2% by weight or more, preferably Is 20% by weight or less, more preferably 15% by weight or less.
- the connection resistance is further reduced.
- the content of phosphorus is 15% by weight in 100% by weight of the conductive part containing nickel. More preferably, it is less. From the viewpoint of effectively expressing both the low connection resistance between the electrodes and the high connection reliability between the electrodes under high temperature and high humidity, the content of phosphorus is 100% by weight in the conductive part containing nickel. It exceeds 0% by weight, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, still more preferably 2% by weight or more. When the phosphorus content is not less than the above lower limit, the connection resistance is further reduced.
- the content of phosphorus is preferably 13% by weight or less, more preferably 11% by weight or less, and still more preferably 3% by weight or less in 100% by weight of the conductive part containing nickel. is there.
- the first conductive part and the second conductive part contain nickel, and in the first conductive part of the conductive layer containing nickel, the average content of phosphorus is 5% by weight or less, and the first conductive part contains nickel. In the conductive part 2, it is preferable that the average phosphorus content is 5% by weight or more. It is preferable that the third conductive portion contains nickel. In the third conductive part containing nickel, the average phosphorus content is preferably 5% by weight or more. The average phosphorus content in the first conductive part may be less than 5% by weight. The average phosphorus content in the second conductive part may exceed 5% by weight. The average phosphorus content in the third conductive portion may exceed 5% by weight.
- the average content of phosphorus in the second conductive part is preferably 5% by weight or more. From the viewpoint of further increasing the conductivity, the phosphorus content in the second conductive part is preferably 20% by weight or less.
- the average content of phosphorus in the third conductive portion is preferably 5% by weight or more. From the viewpoint of further increasing the conductivity, the phosphorus content in the third conductive portion is preferably 20% by weight or less.
- the average phosphorus content in the second conductive part may be larger than the average phosphorus content in the first conductive part. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average phosphorus content in the third conductive portion may be larger than the average phosphorus content in the first conductive portion. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average phosphorus content in the first conductive portion is preferably 5% by weight or less. From the viewpoint of further increasing the conductivity, the phosphorus content in the first conductive portion is preferably 3% by weight or less.
- the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion contain nickel, and the first conductive portion of the conductive layer containing nickel has an average boron content of 3% by weight or less, and the nickel In the second conductive part to be included, it is preferable that the average content of boron is 3% by weight or more. It is preferable that the third conductive portion contains nickel. In the third conductive part containing nickel, it is preferable that the average content of boron is 3% by weight or more. The average content of boron in the first conductive part may be less than 3% by weight. The average boron content in the second conductive portion may exceed 3% by weight. The average boron content in the third conductive portion may exceed 3% by weight.
- the average content of boron in the second conductive portion is preferably 3% by weight or more.
- the phosphorus content in the second conductive part is preferably 20% by weight or less, and the boron content in the second conductive part is preferably 20% by weight or less. is there.
- the average boron content in the third conductive portion is preferably 3% by weight or more.
- the phosphorus content in the third conductive part is preferably 20% by weight or less, and the boron content in the third conductive part is preferably 20% by weight or less. is there.
- the average boron content in the second conductive portion may be larger than the average boron content in the first conductive portion. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average boron content in the third conductive portion may be larger than the average boron content in the first conductive portion. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average boron content in the first conductive portion is preferably 3% by weight or less. From the viewpoint of further increasing the conductivity, the boron content in the first conductive portion is preferably 2% by weight or less.
- the average content of tungsten in the first conductive part is preferably 1% by weight or more. From the viewpoint of further increasing the conductivity, the content of tungsten in the first conductive portion is preferably 30% by weight or less.
- the average content of tungsten in the second conductive portion may be larger than the average content of tungsten in the first conductive portion. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average content of tungsten in the third conductive portion may be larger than the average content of tungsten in the first conductive portion. Preferably, it is more than 1% by weight.
- the average content of tungsten in the first conductive portion is preferably larger than the average content of tungsten in the entire region of the conductive portion (conductive layer),
- the amount is preferably 0.5% by weight or more.
- a method for controlling the content of nickel, boron and phosphorus in the conductive part for example, when forming the conductive part by electroless nickel plating, a method for controlling the pH of the nickel plating solution, conductive by electroless nickel plating.
- a method for adjusting the concentration of a boron-containing reducing agent when forming a part, a method for adjusting the concentration of a phosphorus-containing reducing agent when forming a conductive part by electroless nickel plating, and a nickel concentration in a nickel plating solution The method etc. of adjusting are mentioned.
- the thickness of the first conductive portion, the thickness of the second conductive portion, and the thickness of the third conductive portion are each preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 20 nm or more, still more preferably 30 nm or more, and particularly preferably 100 nm or more. It is preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 300 nm or less, still more preferably 200 nm or less, and particularly preferably 150 nm or less.
- the thickness of the first conductive part, the thickness of the second conductive part, and the thickness of the third conductive part are not less than the lower limit and not more than the upper limit, the oxide film on the surface of the electrode is more effectively removed. The connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the thickness indicates the average thickness of the first conductive part, the average thickness of the second conductive part, and the average thickness of the third conductive part in the conductive particles.
- the total thickness of the first conductive part and the second conductive part is preferably 30 nm or more, more preferably 50 nm or more, preferably 1000 nm or less, more preferably 500 nm or less.
- the oxide film on the surface of the electrode is more effectively removed, and the connection resistance between the electrodes Becomes even lower.
- the total thickness of the first conductive part, the second conductive part, and the third conductive part is preferably 30 nm or more, more preferably 50 nm or more, still more preferably 60 nm or more, and preferably 1000 nm or less. More preferably, it is 650 nm or less, More preferably, it is 500 nm or less.
- the total thickness of the first conductive portion, the second conductive portion, and the third conductive portion is not less than the lower limit and not more than the upper limit, the oxide film on the surface of the electrode is more effectively removed. As a result, the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the particle diameter of the conductive particles is preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 1.0 ⁇ m or more, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, still more preferably 4.0 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5. 0 ⁇ m or less.
- the particle diameter of the conductive particles is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, when the electrodes are connected using the conductive particles, the contact area between the conductive particles and the electrode becomes sufficiently large, and the conductive When forming the part, it becomes difficult to form the agglomerated conductive particles. Further, the distance between the electrodes connected via the conductive particles does not become too large, and the conductive portion is difficult to peel from the surface of the base particle.
- the particle diameter of the conductive particles indicates the diameter when the conductive particles are true spherical, and indicates the maximum diameter when the conductive particles are not true spherical.
- the outermost layer located on the outermost side of the conductive part is preferably a gold layer, a nickel layer, a palladium layer, a copper layer or an alloy layer containing tin and silver, more preferably a gold layer or a palladium layer, A gold layer is particularly preferred.
- the outermost layer is these preferable conductive portions, the connection resistance between the electrodes is further reduced.
- the outermost layer is a gold layer, the corrosion resistance is further enhanced.
- the method for forming the conductive portion on the surface of the particle is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the method for forming the conductive part include a method by electroless plating, a method by electroplating, a method by physical vapor deposition, and a method of coating the surface of particles with metal powder or a paste containing metal powder and a binder. Can be mentioned. Especially, since formation of an electroconductive part is simple, the method by electroless plating is preferable.
- Examples of the method by physical vapor deposition include methods such as vacuum vapor deposition, ion plating, and ion sputtering.
- the first conductive portion when forming the first conductive portion, it is possible to make it difficult to break by composite plating of the carbon nanotubes.
- a metal nucleus is generated by a reduction reaction of a metal complex using a reducing agent, and the deposited protrusion is formed by adsorbing the metal nucleus to the conductive portion.
- Examples thereof include a forming method, a method in which a metal core material or an inorganic core material is added to a plating solution, and composite protrusions are formed by composite plating.
- a metal nucleus is generated by a reduction reaction of the metal complex using a reducing agent.
- a method of forming the precipitation protrusions by adsorbing to the conductive part is preferable.
- a catalytic step and an electroless plating step are performed.
- an example of a method for forming an alloy plating layer containing nickel and phosphorus on the surface of resin particles by electroless plating will be described.
- a catalyst serving as a starting point for forming a plating layer by electroless plating is formed on the surface of the resin particles.
- the surface of the resin particles is activated with an acid solution or an alkali solution
- the reducing agent a phosphorus-containing reducing agent is preferably used.
- a conductive layer containing boron can be formed by using a boron-containing reducing agent as the reducing agent.
- a nickel plating bath containing a nickel-containing compound and the phosphorus-containing reducing agent is preferably used.
- nickel By immersing the resin particles in the nickel plating bath, nickel can be deposited on the surface of the resin particles on which the catalyst is formed, and a conductive layer containing nickel and phosphorus can be formed.
- nickel-containing compound examples include nickel sulfate and nickel chloride.
- the nickel-containing compound is preferably a nickel salt.
- Examples of the phosphorus-containing reducing agent include sodium hypophosphite.
- Examples of the boron-containing reducing agent include dimethylamine borane, sodium borohydride, and potassium borohydride.
- a catalytic step and an electroless plating step are performed.
- an example of a method of forming protrusions on the outer surface of the alloy plating layer containing nickel and the second conductive portion on the surface of the resin particles by electroless plating will be described.
- a catalyst serving as a starting point for forming a plating layer by electroless plating is formed on the surface of the resin particles.
- the surface of the resin particles is activated with an acid solution or an alkali solution
- a phosphorus-containing reducing agent is used as the reducing agent.
- a conductive layer containing phosphorus can be formed by using a phosphorus-containing reducing agent as the reducing agent.
- nickel-boron containing a boron-containing reducing agent as a reducing agent It is preferable to use an alloy plating solution.
- a nickel-boron alloy By immersing resin particles in a nickel-boron alloy plating bath, a nickel-boron alloy can be deposited on the surface of the resin particles on which the catalyst is formed, and a conductive layer containing nickel and boron can be formed. .
- nickel-containing compound examples include nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel carbonate, nickel sulfamate, and nickel nitrate.
- the nickel-containing compound is preferably nickel sulfate.
- Examples of the boron-containing reducing agent include dimethylamine borane, sodium borohydride, potassium borohydride, and the like.
- a phosphorus-containing reducing agent may be used.
- Examples of the phosphorus-containing reducing agent include hypophosphorous acid and sodium hypophosphite.
- the complexing agent is a monocarboxylic acid complexing agent such as sodium acetate or sodium propionate, a dicarboxylic acid complexing agent such as disodium malonate, a tricarboxylic acid complexing agent such as disodium succinate, lactic acid, DL-malic acid, Rochelle salt, hydroxy acid complexing agents such as sodium citrate and sodium gluconate, amino acid complexing agents such as glycine and EDTA, amine complexing agents such as ethylenediamine, and organic acids such as maleic acid It is preferable to contain a complexing agent and at least one complexing agent selected from the group consisting of these salts.
- the addition of the metal stabilizer improves the stability of the plating solution and forms a plating film with good coverage on the substrate particles.
- the metal stabilizer include lead compounds, bismuth compounds, thallium compounds, vanadium compounds, and the like. Specific examples of these stabilizers include sulfates, carbonates, acetates, nitrates and hydrochlorides of metals (lead, bismuth, thallium, vanadium) constituting the compound. In consideration of the influence on the environment, a bismuth compound, a thallium compound or a vanadium compound is preferable.
- the average height of the protrusions of the second conductive part can be controlled by the immersion time in the plating bath or the dropping rate of the plating solution.
- the plating temperature is preferably 30 ° C. or higher, preferably 100 ° C. or lower, and the plating time is preferably 5 minutes or longer.
- the conductive particles according to the present invention may include a third conductive portion on the outer surface of the second conductive portion. In this case, it is preferable that the line defect of the crystal does not exist in the third conductive portion.
- the conductive particles having the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are manufactured, and then the third conductive portion is formed.
- the first conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus and boron, and more preferably contains nickel.
- the second conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus and boron, and more preferably contains nickel.
- the third conductive portion is made of copper, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold It preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum, iridium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, phosphorus and boron, and more preferably contains nickel.
- the first and second conductive portions each contain nickel-tungsten-boron alloy, nickel-tungsten-boron alloy, or nickel.
- the first, second, and third conductive portions may each contain nickel-tungsten-boron alloy, nickel-tungsten-boron alloy, or nickel. preferable.
- the hardness of the second conductive portion is higher than the Vickers hardness of the first conductive portion.
- the boron content in the second conductive portion is higher than the boron content in the first conductive portion.
- the electroconductive particle which concerns on this invention is equipped with the insulating substance arrange
- the insulating material can be disposed on the outer surface of the second conductive part.
- the insulating material can be disposed on the outer surface of the third conductive part.
- an insulating material is present between the plurality of electrodes, so that it is possible to prevent a short circuit between electrodes adjacent in the lateral direction instead of between the upper and lower electrodes.
- the insulating material between the conductive portion of the conductive particles and the electrode can be easily removed by pressurizing the conductive particles with the two electrodes when connecting the electrodes. Since the conductive portion has a plurality of protrusions on the outer surface, the insulating material between the conductive portion of the conductive particles and the electrode can be easily excluded.
- the insulating substance is preferably an insulating particle because the insulating substance can be more easily removed during crimping between the electrodes.
- thermoplastic resin examples include vinyl polymers and vinyl copolymers.
- thermosetting resin an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a melamine resin, etc.
- water-soluble resin examples include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, and methyl cellulose. Of these, water-soluble resins are preferable, and polyvinyl alcohol is more preferable.
- a method of disposing an insulating substance on the surface of the conductive part there are a chemical method, a physical or mechanical method, and the like.
- the chemical method include an interfacial polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method in the presence of particles, and an emulsion polymerization method.
- the physical or mechanical method include spray drying, hybridization, electrostatic adhesion, spraying, dipping, and vacuum deposition.
- a method in which the insulating substance is disposed on the surface of the conductive portion via a chemical bond is preferable.
- the outer surface of the conductive part and the surface of the insulating particles may each be coated with a compound having a reactive functional group.
- the outer surface of the conductive part and the surface of the insulating particles may not be directly chemically bonded, but may be indirectly chemically bonded by a compound having a reactive functional group.
- the carboxyl group may be chemically bonded to a functional group on the surface of the insulating particle through a polymer electrolyte such as polyethyleneimine.
- the average diameter (average particle diameter) of the insulating material can be appropriately selected depending on the particle diameter of the conductive particles, the use of the conductive particles, and the like.
- the average diameter (average particle diameter) of the insulating substance is preferably 0.005 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more, preferably 1 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the average diameter of the insulating material is equal to or more than the above lower limit, when the conductive particles are dispersed in the binder resin, the conductive portions in the plurality of conductive particles are difficult to contact each other.
- the average diameter of the insulating particles is not more than the above upper limit, it is not necessary to make the pressure too high in order to eliminate the insulating material between the electrodes and the conductive particles when the electrodes are connected, There is no need for heating.
- the “average diameter (average particle diameter)” of the insulating material indicates a number average diameter (number average particle diameter).
- the average diameter of the insulating material is determined using a particle size distribution measuring device or the like.
- the outer surface of the second conductive portion is rust-proofed with a compound having an alkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the outer surface of the second conductive portion may be rust-proofed with a compound containing no phosphorus, and rust-proofed with a compound having an alkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and containing no phosphorus. Also good.
- the outer surface of the second conductive portion is rust-proofed with an alkyl phosphate compound or an alkyl thiol.
- the rust preventive film is preferably formed of a compound having an alkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as compound A).
- the outer surface of the second conductive part is preferably surface-treated with the compound A.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is 6 or more, rust is more unlikely to occur in the entire conductive portion.
- the carbon number of the alkyl group is 22 or less, the conductivity of the conductive particles is increased.
- the alkyl group in the compound A preferably has 16 or less carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may have a linear structure or a branched structure.
- the alkyl group preferably has a linear structure.
- the conductive material according to the present invention includes the conductive particles described above and a binder resin.
- the conductive particles are preferably dispersed in a binder resin and used as a conductive material.
- the conductive material is preferably an anisotropic conductive material.
- the conductive material is preferably used for electrical connection of electrodes.
- the conductive material is preferably a circuit connection material.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited.
- the binder resin preferably includes a thermoplastic component (thermoplastic compound) or a curable component, and more preferably includes a curable component.
- the curable component include a photocurable component and a thermosetting component. It is preferable that the said photocurable component contains a photocurable compound and a photoinitiator.
- the thermosetting component preferably contains a thermosetting compound and a thermosetting agent.
- the binder resin a known insulating resin is used.
- the binder resin include vinyl resins, thermoplastic resins, curable resins, thermoplastic block copolymers, and elastomers. As for the said binder resin, only 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- Examples of the vinyl resin include vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, and styrene resin.
- examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyolefin resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyamide resin.
- examples of the curable resin include an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, a polyimide resin, and an unsaturated polyester resin.
- the curable resin may be a room temperature curable resin, a thermosetting resin, a photocurable resin, or a moisture curable resin.
- the curable resin may be used in combination with a curing agent.
- thermoplastic block copolymer examples include a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, a styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer, a hydrogenated product of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and a styrene-isoprene. -Hydrogenated products of styrene block copolymers.
- the elastomer examples include styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber and acrylonitrile-styrene block copolymer rubber.
- the conductive material includes, for example, a filler, an extender, a softener, a plasticizer, a polymerization catalyst, a curing catalyst, a colorant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, and a light stabilizer.
- a filler for example, a filler, an extender, a softener, a plasticizer, a polymerization catalyst, a curing catalyst, a colorant, an antioxidant, a heat stabilizer, and a light stabilizer.
- Various additives such as an agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, an antistatic agent and a flame retardant may be contained.
- the conductive material according to the present invention can be used as a conductive paste and a conductive film.
- the conductive material according to the present invention is a conductive film
- a film that does not include conductive particles may be laminated on a conductive film that includes conductive particles.
- the conductive paste is preferably an anisotropic conductive paste.
- the conductive film is preferably an anisotropic conductive film.
- the content of the binder resin in 100% by weight of the conductive material is preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, still more preferably 50% by weight or more, particularly preferably 70% by weight or more, preferably It is 99.99 weight% or less, More preferably, it is 99.9 weight% or less.
- the content of the binder resin is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the conductive particles are efficiently arranged between the electrodes, and the connection reliability of the connection target member connected by the conductive material is further increased.
- the content of the conductive particles is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or less, more preferably 60% by weight. Hereinafter, it is more preferably 40% by weight or less, particularly preferably 20% by weight or less, and most preferably 10% by weight or less.
- the content of the conductive particles is not less than the above lower limit and not more than the above upper limit, the conduction reliability between the electrodes is further enhanced.
- connection structure can be obtained by connecting a connection object member using the electrically-conductive material containing the electroconductive particle and binder resin which concern on this invention. It is preferable that the connection part is formed of the above-described conductive particles or a conductive material containing the above-described conductive particles and a binder resin.
- connection structure includes a first connection target member, a second connection target member, and a connection portion that connects the first connection target member and the second connection target member.
- material is the above-described conductive particles or a connection structure that is a conductive material including the above-described conductive particles and a binder resin.
- connection part is formed of the above-described conductive particles, or is formed of a conductive material including the above-described conductive particles and a binder resin.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a connection structure using conductive particles according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- connection portion 54 includes the conductive particles 1 and a binder resin (such as a cured binder resin).
- the connection part 54 is formed of a conductive material including the conductive particles 1.
- the connection portion 54 is preferably formed by curing a conductive material.
- the conductive particles 1 are schematically shown for convenience of illustration. Instead of the conductive particles 1, other conductive particles such as the conductive particles 1A and 1B may be used.
- the first connection target member 52 has a plurality of first electrodes 52a on the surface (upper surface).
- the second connection target member 53 has a plurality of second electrodes 53a on the surface (lower surface).
- the first electrode 52 a and the second electrode 53 a are electrically connected by one or a plurality of conductive particles 1. Therefore, the first and second connection target members 52 and 53 are electrically connected by the conductive particles 1.
- the manufacturing method of the connection structure is not particularly limited.
- the conductive material is disposed between the first connection target member and the second connection target member to obtain a laminate, and then the laminate is heated and pressurized. Methods and the like.
- the pressurizing pressure is about 9.8 ⁇ 10 4 to 4.9 ⁇ 10 6 Pa.
- the heating temperature is about 120 to 220 ° C.
- connection target member examples include electronic components such as semiconductor chips, capacitors, and diodes, and electronic components that are circuit boards such as printed boards, flexible printed boards, glass epoxy boards, and glass boards.
- the connection target member is preferably an electronic component.
- the conductive particles are preferably used for electrical connection of electrodes in an electronic component.
- the electrode provided on the connection target member examples include metal electrodes such as a gold electrode, a nickel electrode, a tin electrode, an aluminum electrode, a copper electrode, a silver electrode, a SUS electrode, a molybdenum electrode, and a tungsten electrode.
- the electrode is preferably a gold electrode, a nickel electrode, a tin electrode, or a copper electrode.
- the electrode is preferably an aluminum electrode, a copper electrode, a molybdenum electrode, or a tungsten electrode.
- the electrode formed only with aluminum may be sufficient and the electrode by which the aluminum layer was laminated
- the material for the metal oxide layer include indium oxide doped with a trivalent metal element and zinc oxide doped with a trivalent metal element.
- the trivalent metal element include Sn, Al, and Ga.
- Example 1 As the base particle A, divinylbenzene copolymer resin particles (“Micropearl SP-203” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 3.0 ⁇ m were prepared.
- divinylbenzene copolymer resin particles (“Micropearl SP-203” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 3.0 ⁇ m were prepared.
- the base particle A After 10 parts by weight of the base particle A was dispersed in 100 parts by weight of an alkaline solution containing 5% by weight of a palladium catalyst solution using an ultrasonic disperser, the base particle A was taken out by filtering the solution. Subsequently, the base particle A was added to 100 parts by weight of a 1% by weight dimethylamine borane solution to activate the surface of the base particle A. Suspension (A) was obtained by fully washing the base particle A whose surface was activated, and then adding and dispersing in 500 parts by weight of distilled water.
- Suspension (A) was put into a solution of nickel sulfate 0.09 mol / L, thallium nitrate 30 ppm and bismuth nitrate 20 ppm to obtain a particle mixture (B).
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D) (pH 10.0) containing dimethylamine borane 2.0 mol / L and sodium hydroxide 0.05 mol / L was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (C) is gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 40 ° C. (plating temperature), and electroless nickel-boron plating is performed to obtain a particle mixture (E). .
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 30 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′) to perform electroless nickel plating.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 24 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- the suspension is filtered to take out the particles, washed with water, and dried to dispose a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) on the surface of the resin particles and to have a conductive surface having protrusions on the surface. Particles that are layers were obtained.
- Example 2 The nickel plating solution (C) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 40 ° C., followed by electroless nickel-boron plating to obtain a particle mixture (E).
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 75 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′) to perform electroless nickel plating.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 15 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 3 The nickel plating solution (C) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 40 ° C., followed by electroless nickel-boron plating to obtain a particle mixture (E).
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 120 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′) to perform electroless nickel plating.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 8 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 4 Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plating temperature was changed from 40 ° C to 50 ° C. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 5 Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plating temperature was changed from 40 ° C to 60 ° C. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 6 The protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 10 mL / min, and the dropping time was 10 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 7 Nickel sulfate 0.23 mol / L, dimethylamine borane 0.5 mol / L, sodium citrate 0.1 mol / L, DL-malic acid 0.15 mol / L, thallium nitrate 100 ppm, bismuth nitrate 30 ppm, and sodium tungstate
- a nickel plating solution (D) (pH 8.0) containing 05 mol / L was prepared.
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.05 mol / L of sodium tungstate was added to the nickel plating solution (D) in the Ni plating step.
- a nickel-tungsten-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was placed on the surface of the resin particles to obtain particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface.
- Example 8 The suspension (A) was placed in a solution of nickel sulfate 0.09 mol / L, thallium nitrate 30 ppm and bismuth nitrate 20 ppm to obtain a particle mixture (B).
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D) (pH 10.0) containing 2.5 mol / L of sodium hypophosphite and 0.05 mol / L of sodium hydroxide was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 60 ° C., and electroless nickel-boron plating was performed to obtain a particle mixture (E).
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 30 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (F) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′) to perform electroless nickel plating.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (F) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 24 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this way, a nickel-tungsten-phosphorus conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was arranged on the surface of the resin particles to obtain particles that are conductive layers having protrusions on the surface.
- Example 9 The suspension (A) was placed in a solution of nickel sulfate 0.09 mol / L, thallium nitrate 30 ppm and bismuth nitrate 20 ppm to obtain a particle mixture (B).
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D) (pH 10.0) containing 2.5 mol / L of sodium hypophosphite and 0.05 mol / L of sodium hydroxide was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 60 ° C., and electroless nickel-phosphorus plating was performed to obtain a particle mixture (E).
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 30 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (E) to form protrusions to obtain a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (F) was gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′) to perform electroless nickel plating.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (F) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 24 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this way, a nickel-phosphorus conductive layer (thickness: 0.11 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- FIG. 6 shows the EDS line analysis profiles of the first conductive part containing nickel and the second conductive part containing nickel.
- Substrate particles B differing from the substrate particles A only in particle size and having a particle size of 2.5 ⁇ m were prepared. Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the base particle A was changed to the base particle B. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 11 Substrate particles C differing from the substrate particles A only in particle size and having a particle size of 10.0 ⁇ m were prepared. Except having changed the said base material particle A into the said base material particle C, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained electroconductive particle. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 12 The surface of divinylbenzene copolymer resin particles (“Micropearl SP-202” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a particle diameter of 2.5 ⁇ m was coated with a silica shell (thickness 250 nm) using a condensation reaction by a sol-gel reaction. Core-shell type organic-inorganic hybrid particles (base material particles D) were obtained. Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the base particle A was changed to the base particle D. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- base material particles D Core-shell type organic-inorganic hybrid particles
- Example 13 In a 500 mL reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, 300 g of a 0.13% by weight aqueous ammonia solution was placed. Next, 4.1 g of methyltrimethoxysilane, 19.2 g of vinyltrimethoxysilane, and 0.7 g of silicone alkoxy oligomer (“X-41-1053” manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) in an aqueous ammonia solution in the reaction vessel. The mixture with was added slowly.
- Electroless nickel boron plating solution (B2) (pH 5.0) containing nickel sulfate 0.09 mol / L, thallium nitrate 30 ppm and bismuth nitrate 20 ppm, dimethylamine borane 0.01 mol / L, sodium citrate 0.05 mol / L Prepared.
- An electroless pure nickel plating solution (C2) (pH 10.0) containing 0.23 mol / L of nickel sulfate, 2.00 mol / L of hydrazinium sulfate and 0.25 mol / L of glycine was prepared.
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D2) (pH 10.0) containing hydrazinium sulfate 2.5 mol / L and sodium hydroxide 0.05 mol / L was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (B) in the first conductive part plating step is changed to the electroless nickel boron plating solution (B2), and the projection forming plating solution (D) in the projection forming step is changed to the projection forming plating solution (D2).
- the electroconductive particle was obtained like Example 1 except having changed the nickel plating liquid (C) of the 2nd electroconductive part plating process into the electroless pure nickel plating liquid (C2).
- the 1st conductive layer (thickness 20nm) is arrange
- Example 15 An electroless pure nickel plating solution (C2) (pH 10.0) containing 0.23 mol / L of nickel sulfate, 2.00 mol / L of hydrazinium sulfate and 0.25 mol / L of glycine was prepared.
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D2) (pH 10.0) containing hydrazinium sulfate 2.5 mol / L and sodium hydroxide 0.05 mol / L was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (C) in the first conductive part plating step and the second conductive part plating step is changed to an electroless pure nickel plating solution (C2), and the protrusion forming plating solution (D) in the protrusion forming process is formed as a protrusion.
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plating solution (D2) was changed.
- a pure nickel conductive layer (thickness 20 nm) is arranged as the first conductive layer on the surface of the resin particle, and a pure nickel conductive layer (thickness 80 nm) is arranged as the second conductive layer, and the surface has a protrusion. Particles that are layers were obtained.
- Example 16 As the base particle A, divinylbenzene copolymer resin particles (“Micropearl SP-203” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 3.0 ⁇ m were prepared.
- divinylbenzene copolymer resin particles (“Micropearl SP-203” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a particle size of 3.0 ⁇ m were prepared.
- the base particle A After 10 parts by weight of the base particle A was dispersed in 100 parts by weight of an alkaline solution containing 5% by weight of a palladium catalyst solution using an ultrasonic disperser, the base particle A was taken out by filtering the solution. Subsequently, the base particle A was added to 100 parts by weight of a 1% by weight dimethylamine borane solution to activate the surface of the base particle A. Suspension (A) was obtained by fully washing the base particle A whose surface was activated, and then adding and dispersing in 500 parts by weight of distilled water.
- Suspension (A) was put into a solution of nickel sulfate 0.09 mol / L, thallium nitrate 30 ppm and bismuth nitrate 20 ppm to obtain a particle mixture (B).
- a nickel plating solution (C) (pH 8.0) containing 05 mol / L was prepared.
- a protrusion-forming plating solution (D) (pH 10.0) containing dimethylamine borane 2.0 mol / L and sodium hydroxide 0.05 mol / L was prepared.
- electroless pure nickel plating containing 0.12 mol / L nickel sulfate, 1.00 mol / L hydrazinium sulfate and 0.15 mol / L glycine as a pure nickel plating solution (G).
- a liquid pH 10.0 was prepared.
- the nickel plating solution (C) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (B) adjusted to 40 ° C., and electroless nickel-boron plating was performed to obtain a particle mixture (E).
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 5 mL / min, and the dropping time was 30 minutes (first conductive part plating step).
- the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was gradually added dropwise to the dispersed particle mixture (F) to form protrusions, thereby obtaining a particle mixture (E ′).
- the dropping rate of the protrusion-forming plating solution (D) was 2 mL / min, and the dropping time was 50 minutes.
- nickel plating was performed while dispersing the generated Ni protrusion nuclei by ultrasonic stirring (protrusion forming step).
- the nickel plating solution (C) is gradually dropped into the dispersed particle mixture (E ′), electroless nickel plating is performed, and the particle mixture (E ′ ') Got.
- the dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (C) was 25 mL / min, and the dropping time was 24 minutes (second conductive part plating step).
- the particles are taken out and washed with water, whereby the first conductive portion (thickness 80 nm) and the second conductive portion (on the surface of the base particle A) ( Particles having a thickness of 40 nm were obtained.
- the particles were sufficiently washed with water, and then added to 500 parts by weight of distilled water and dispersed to obtain a suspension (H).
- the electroless pure nickel plating solution (G) was gradually dropped onto the dispersed suspension (H) to perform electroless pure nickel plating.
- Electrolytic pure nickel plating was performed at a dropping rate of the nickel plating solution (G) of 25 mL / min and a dropping time of 10 minutes.
- the suspension (I) was obtained (third conductive part plating step).
- a NiWB conductive layer (thickness 80 nm) as the first conductive layer, a NiWB conductive layer (thickness 40 nm) as the second conductive layer, and a pure Ni conductive layer (thickness) as the third conductive layer are formed on the surface of the resin particles. 30 nm) to obtain particles whose surface is a conductive layer having protrusions.
- Preparation of base particle F 800 parts by weight of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 200 parts by weight of styrene monomer were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. 20 parts by weight of benzoyl peroxide was added to the obtained mixed solution and stirred until it was uniformly dissolved to obtain a monomer mixed solution. 4000 parts by weight of a 2% by weight aqueous solution in which polyvinyl alcohol having a molecular weight of about 1700 was dissolved in pure water was placed in a reaction kettle. Into this, the obtained monomer mixture was put and stirred for 4 hours to adjust the particle size so that the monomer droplets had a predetermined particle size. Thereafter, the reaction was performed in a nitrogen atmosphere at 85 ° C. for 9 hours, and the polymerization reaction of the monomer droplets was performed to obtain substrate particles F.
- base particle G Except that 800 parts by weight of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 200 parts by weight of styrene monomer were changed to 100 parts by weight of 1,4-butanediol diacrylate and 900 parts by weight of isobornyl methacrylate, Substrate particles G were obtained in the same manner as in the production.
- Base material particles H were obtained in the same manner as the preparation of base material particles G, except that the particle diameter was changed as shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 except that the base particle A was changed to any of the base particles F to H shown in Tables 1 and 2 below, and the thickness of the nickel-boron conductive layer and the state of the protrusions were changed. Thus, particles having a conductive layer having a protrusion on the surface were obtained.
- Example 22 To a 1000 mL separable flask equipped with a four-necked separable cover, stirring blade, three-way cock, condenser and temperature probe, 100 mmol of methyl methacrylate and N, N, N-trimethyl-N-2-methacryloyloxyethyl A monomer composition containing 1 mmol of ammonium chloride and 1 mmol of 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride was weighed in ion-exchanged water so that the solid content was 5% by weight, and then at 200 rpm. The mixture was stirred and polymerized at 70 ° C. for 24 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, it was freeze-dried to obtain insulating particles having an ammonium group on the surface, an average particle size of 220 nm, and a CV value of 10%.
- the insulating particles were dispersed in ion exchange water under ultrasonic irradiation to obtain a 10 wt% aqueous dispersion of insulating particles.
- Example 2 10 g of the conductive particles obtained in Example 1 were dispersed in 500 mL of ion-exchanged water, 4 g of an aqueous dispersion of insulating particles was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. After filtration through a 3 ⁇ m mesh filter, the particles were further washed with methanol and dried to obtain conductive particles having insulating particles attached thereto.
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Example 1 Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the plating temperature was changed from 40 ° C to 75 ° C. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Comparative Example 2 Using metal nickel particle slurry (“2020SUS” manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Co., Ltd., average particle diameter of 150 nm), the metal nickel particles are attached to the surface of the resin particles used in Example 1, and then a conductive layer is formed to conduct electricity. A protrusion was formed on the outer surface of the part.
- 2020SUS metal nickel particle slurry manufactured by Mitsui Kinzoku Co., Ltd., average particle diameter of 150 nm
- Conductive particles were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above changes were made. In this manner, a nickel-boron conductive layer (thickness: 0.10 ⁇ m) was disposed on the surface of the resin particles, and particles that were conductive layers having protrusions on the surface were obtained.
- Compressive elastic modulus of conductive particles (10% K value)
- the above-mentioned compression elastic modulus (10% K value) of the obtained conductive particles was measured using a micro-compression tester (“Fischer Scope H-100” manufactured by Fischer) according to the method described above at 23 ° C. did. A 10% K value was determined.
- a transparent glass substrate having an ITO electrode pattern with an L / S of 30 ⁇ m / 30 ⁇ m on the upper surface was prepared.
- the semiconductor chip which has a copper electrode pattern whose L / S is 30 micrometers / 30 micrometers on the lower surface was prepared.
- the anisotropic conductive paste immediately after production was applied to a thickness of 30 ⁇ m to form an anisotropic conductive paste layer.
- the semiconductor chip was stacked on the anisotropic conductive paste layer so that the electrodes face each other.
- a pressure heating head is placed on the upper surface of the semiconductor chip, and a pressure of 0.5 MPa is applied to apply the anisotropic conductive paste.
- the layer was cured at 185 ° C. to obtain a connection structure.
- the electrodes were connected at a low pressure of 0.5 MPa.
- connection resistance between the upper and lower electrodes of 15 obtained connection structures was measured by the 4-terminal method.
- the conduction reliability was determined according to the following criteria.
- Connection resistance is 2.0 ⁇ or less ⁇ : Connection resistance is over 2.0 ⁇ , 3.0 ⁇ or less ⁇ : Connection resistance is over 3.0 ⁇ , 5.0 ⁇ or less ⁇ : Connection resistance is 5.0 ⁇ Exceeding 10 ⁇ ⁇ : Connection resistance exceeds 10 ⁇
- Insulation reliability Fifteen connection structures obtained by the evaluation in (3) above were allowed to stand at 85 ° C. and humidity of 85% for 500 hours. In the connection structure after being allowed to stand, 5 V was applied between adjacent electrodes, the resistance value was measured at 25 locations, and the average value of the insulation resistance was calculated. Insulation reliability was judged according to the following criteria.
- Insulation resistance is 1000 M ⁇ or more ⁇ : Insulation resistance is 100 M ⁇ or more and less than 1000 M ⁇ ⁇ : Insulation resistance is 10 M ⁇ or more and less than 100 M ⁇ ⁇ : Insulation resistance is less than 10 M ⁇
- Conductive particles were sprayed on the sample stage.
- a cylindrical indenter (diameter 50 ⁇ m, made of diamond) with a smooth indenter end face, at 25 ° C. in the direction of the center of the conductive particle, 5 mN (reverse load value) was given.
- the loading speed was 0.33 mN / s.
- unloading was performed up to the load value for origin (0.40 mN). The load-compression displacement during this period was measured, and the deformation rate and compression recovery rate were determined from the above formula.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る導電性粒子は、基材粒子と、第1の導電部と、第2の導電部とを備える。本発明に係る導電性粒子では、上記基材粒子の外表面上に上記第1の導電部が配置されており、上記第1の導電部の外表面上に上記第2の導電部が配置されている。本発明に係る導電性粒子では、上記第1の導電部が外表面に突起を有さず、上記第2の導電部が外表面に、複数の突起を有する。
F:導電性粒子が10%圧縮変形したときの荷重値(N)
S:導電性粒子が10%圧縮変形したときの圧縮変位(mm)
R:導電性粒子の半径(mm)
L1:負荷を与えるときの原点用荷重値から反転荷重値に至るまでの圧縮変位
L2:負荷を解放するときの反転荷重値から原点用荷重値に至るまでの除荷変位
L1:負荷を与えるときの原点用荷重値から反転荷重値に至るまでの圧縮変位
D:導電性粒子の直径
上記基材粒子としては、樹脂粒子、金属粒子を除く無機粒子、有機無機ハイブリッド粒子及び金属粒子等が挙げられる。上記基材粒子は、金属粒子を除く基材粒子であることが好ましく、樹脂粒子、金属粒子を除く無機粒子又は有機無機ハイブリッド粒子であることがより好ましい。上記基材粒子は、コアと、該コアの表面上に配置されたシェルとを有していてもよく、コアシェル粒子であってもよい。上記コアが有機コアであってもよく、上記シェルが無機シェルであってもよい。
上記導電性粒子は、上記導電部として、上記第1の導電部と上記第2の導電部とを有する。上記導電部、上記第1の導電部及び上記第2の導電部に含まれる金属としては、ニッケル、金、銀、銅、白金、亜鉛、鉄、錫、鉛、アルミニウム、イリジウム、コバルト、インジウム、パラジウム、ロジウム、ルテニウム、クロム、チタン、アンチモン、ビスマス、タリウム、ゲルマニウム、カドミウム、ケイ素、タングステン、モリブデン及び錫ドープ酸化インジウム(ITO)等が挙げられる。これらの金属は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
本発明に係る導電性粒子は、上記導電部の外表面上に配置された絶縁性物質を備えることが好ましい。上記導電性粒子における最も外側に位置する導電部が第2の導電部である場合に、上記第2の導電部の外表面に、上記絶縁性物質を配置することができる。上記導電性粒子における最も外側に位置する導電部が第3の導電部である場合に、上記第3の導電部の外表面に、上記絶縁性物質を配置することができる。絶縁性物質を有する導電性粒子を電極間の接続に用いると、隣接する電極間の短絡を防止できる。具体的には、複数の導電性粒子が接触したときに、複数の電極間に絶縁性物質が存在するので、上下の電極間ではなく横方向に隣り合う電極間の短絡を防止できる。なお、電極間の接続の際に、2つの電極で導電性粒子を加圧することにより、導電性粒子の導電部と電極との間の絶縁性物質を容易に排除できる。導電部が外表面に複数の突起を有するので、導電性粒子の導電部と電極との間の絶縁性物質を容易に排除できる。
導電性粒子の腐食を抑え、電極間の接続抵抗を低くするために、上記第2の導電部の外表面は防錆処理されていることが好ましい。
本発明に係る導電材料は、上述した導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む。上記導電性粒子は、バインダー樹脂中に分散され、導電材料として用いられることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、異方性導電材料であることが好ましい。上記導電材料は、電極の電気的な接続に好適に用いられる。上記導電材料は回路接続材料であることが好ましい。
本発明に係る導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料を用いて、接続対象部材を接続することにより、接続構造体を得ることができる。上記接続部が、上述した導電性粒子により形成されているか、又は、上述した導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料により形成されていることが好ましい。
基材粒子Aとして、粒子径が3.0μmであるジビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂粒子(積水化学工業社製「ミクロパールSP-203」)を用意した。
40℃に調整した分散状態の粒子混合液(B)に上記ニッケルめっき液(C)を徐々に滴下し、無電解ニッケル-ボロンめっきを行い、粒子混合液(E)を得た。ニッケルめっき液(C)の滴下速度は5mL/分で、滴下時間は75分間とした(第1の導電部めっき工程)。
40℃に調整した分散状態の粒子混合液(B)に上記ニッケルめっき液(C)を徐々に滴下し、無電解ニッケル-ボロンめっきを行い、粒子混合液(E)を得た。ニッケルめっき液(C)の滴下速度は5mL/分で、滴下時間は120分間とした(第1の導電部めっき工程)。
めっき温度を40℃から50℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
めっき温度を40℃から60℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
分散状態の粒子混合液(E)に上記突起形成めっき液(D)を徐々に滴下し、突起を形成し、粒子混合液(E’)を得た。突起形成めっき液(D)の滴下速度は10mL/分で、滴下時間は10分間とした。突起形成めっき液(D)の滴下中は、発生したNi突起核を超音波攪拌により分散しながらニッケルめっきを行った(突起形成工程)。
硫酸ニッケル0.23mol/L、ジメチルアミンボラン0.5mol/L、クエン酸ナトリウム0.1mol/L、DL-りんご酸0.15mol/L、硝酸タリウム100ppm、硝酸ビスマス30ppm、及びタングステン酸ナトリウム0.05mol/Lを含むニッケルめっき液(D)(pH8.0)を用意した。Niめっき工程のニッケルめっき液(D)にタングステン酸ナトリウム0.05mol/Lを添加したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。
懸濁液(A)を、硫酸ニッケル0.09mol/L、硝酸タリウム30ppm及び硝酸ビスマス20ppmの溶液中に入れ、粒子混合液(B)を得た。
懸濁液(A)を、硫酸ニッケル0.09mol/L、硝酸タリウム30ppm及び硝酸ビスマス20ppmの溶液中に入れ、粒子混合液(B)を得た。
基材粒子Aと粒子径のみが異なり、粒子径が2.5μmである基材粒子Bを用意した。上記基材粒子Aを上記基材粒子Bに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
基材粒子Aと粒子径のみが異なり、粒子径が10.0μmである基材粒子Cを用意した。上記基材粒子Aを上記基材粒子Cに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
粒子径が2.5μmであるジビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂粒子(積水化学工業社製「ミクロパールSP-202」)の表面を、ゾルゲル反応による縮合反応を用いてシリカシェル(厚み250nm)により被覆したコアシェル型の有機無機ハイブリッド粒子(基材粒子D)を得た。上記基材粒子Aを上記基材粒子Dに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
攪拌機及び温度計が取り付けられた500mLの反応容器内に、0.13重量%のアンモニア水溶液300gを入れた。次に、反応容器内のアンモニア水溶液中に、メチルトリメトキシシラン4.1gと、ビニルトリメトキシシラン19.2gと、シリコーンアルコキシオリゴマー(信越化学工業社製「X-41-1053」)0.7gとの混合物をゆっくりと添加した。撹拌しながら、加水分解及び縮合反応を進行させた後、25重量%アンモニア水溶液2.4mLを添加した後、アンモニア水溶液中から粒子を単離して、得られた粒子を酸素分圧10-17atm、350℃で2時間焼成して、粒子径が3μmの有機無機ハイブリッド粒子(基材粒子E)を得た。上記基材粒子Aを上記基材粒子Eに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
硫酸ニッケル0.09mol/L、硝酸タリウム30ppm及び硝酸ビスマス20ppm、ジメチルアミンボラン0.01mol/L、クエン酸ナトリウム0.05mol/L、を含む無電解ニッケルボロンめっき液(B2)(pH5.0)を用意した。
硫酸ニッケル0.23mol/L、硫酸ヒドラジニウム2.00mol/L及びグリシン0.25mol/Lを含む無電解純ニッケルめっき液(C2)(pH10.0)を用意した。
基材粒子Aとして、粒子径が3.0μmであるジビニルベンゼン共重合体樹脂粒子(積水化学工業社製「ミクロパールSP-203」)を用意した。
基材粒子F~Hは以下のようにして作製した。
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート800重量部と、スチレンモノマー200重量部とを混合し、混合液を得た。得られた混合液に過酸化ベンゾイル20重量部を加えて、均一に溶解するまで攪拌し、モノマー混合液を得た。分子量約1700のポリビニルアルコールを純水に溶解させた2重量%水溶液4000重量部を、反応釜に入れた。この中に、得られたモノマー混合液を入れ、4時間攪拌することで、モノマーの液滴が所定の粒径になるように、粒径を調整した。この後、85℃の窒素雰囲気下で9時間反応を行い、モノマー液滴の重合反応を行って、基材粒子Fを得た。
エチレングリコールジメタクリレート800重量部と、スチレンモノマー200重量部とを、1,4-ブタンジオールジアクリレート100重量部と、イソボルニルメタクリレート900重量部とに変更したこと以外は、基材粒子Fの作製と同様にして基材粒子Gを得た。
粒子径を表1の通り変更したこと以外は、基材粒子Gの作製と同様にして基材粒子Hを得た。
4ツ口セパラブルカバー、攪拌翼、三方コック、冷却管及び温度プローブが取り付けられた1000mLのセパラブルフラスコに、メタクリル酸メチル100mmolと、N,N,N-トリメチル-N-2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルアンモニウムクロライド1mmolと、2,2’-アゾビス(2-アミジノプロパン)二塩酸塩1mmolとを含むモノマー組成物を固形分率が5重量%となるようにイオン交換水に秤取した後、200rpmで攪拌し、窒素雰囲気下70℃で24時間重合を行った。反応終了後、凍結乾燥して、表面にアンモニウム基を有し、平均粒子径220nm及びCV値10%の絶縁性粒子を得た。
めっき温度を40℃から75℃に変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、導電性粒子を得た。このようにして、樹脂粒子の表面にニッケル-ボロン導電層(厚み0.10μm)を配置して、表面に突起を有する導電層である粒子を得た。
金属ニッケル粒子スラリー(三井金属社製「2020SUS」、平均粒子径150nm)を用いて、実施例1で用いた樹脂粒子の表面に金属ニッケル粒子を付着させた後に、導電層を形成して、導電部の外表面に突起を形成した。
(1)導電部の結晶の線欠陥の有無(結晶の線欠陥の数)
3個の導電性粒子を無作為に選択した。電界放射型透過電子顕微鏡(FE-TEM)(日本電子社製「JEM-ARM200F」)を用いて、第1の導電部及び第2の導電部に、第1の導電部と第2の導電部とを厚み方向に貫通している結晶の線欠陥があるか否かを100万倍で評価した。
得られた導電性粒子の上記圧縮弾性率(10%K値)を、23℃の条件で、上述した方法により、微小圧縮試験機(フィッシャー社製「フィッシャースコープH-100」)を用いて測定した。10%K値を求めた。
得られた導電性粒子を含有量が10重量%となるように、三井化学社製「ストラクトボンドXN-5A」に添加し、分散させて、異方性導電ペーストを作製した。
○○○:接続抵抗が2.0Ω以下
○○:接続抵抗が2.0Ωを超え、3.0Ω以下
○:接続抵抗が3.0Ωを超え、5.0Ω以下
△:接続抵抗が5.0Ωを超え、10Ω以下
×:接続抵抗が10Ωを超える
上記(3)の評価で得られた接続構造体15個を、85℃及び湿度85%にて500時間放置した。放置後の接続構造体において、隣接する電極間に、5Vを印加し、抵抗値を25箇所で測定して、絶縁抵抗の平均値を算出した。絶縁信頼性を下記の基準で判定した。
○○:絶縁抵抗が1000MΩ以上
○:絶縁抵抗が100MΩ以上、1000MΩ未満
△:絶縁抵抗が10MΩ以上、100MΩ未満
×:絶縁抵抗が10MΩ未満
実施例17~21で得られた導電性粒子F~Hを1mN及び5mNで圧縮したときの変形率と圧縮回復率を下記測定方法で、微小圧縮試験機(フィッシャー社製「フィッシャースコープH-100」)を用いて測定した。
1a,1Aa,1Ba…突起
2…基材粒子
3,3A,3B…第1の導電部(導電層)
4,4A,4B…第2の導電部(導電層)
4a,4Aa,4Ba…突起
5…絶縁性物質
6B…第3の導電部(導電層)
6Ba…突起
51…接続構造体
52…第1の接続対象部材
52a…第1の電極
53…第2の接続対象部材
53a…第2の電極
54…接続部
Claims (15)
- 基材粒子と、第1の導電部と、第2の導電部とを備え、
前記基材粒子の外表面上に前記第1の導電部が配置されており、前記第1の導電部の外表面上に前記第2の導電部が配置されており、
前記第1の導電部が外表面に突起を有さず、
前記第2の導電部が外表面に複数の突起を有し、
前記第2の導電部の前記突起の内側に芯物質が配置されておらず、
透過型電子顕微鏡による観察で、前記第1の導電部と前記第2の導電部とに、前記第1の導電部と前記第2の導電部とを厚み方向に貫通している結晶の線欠陥がないか、又は前記第1の導電部と前記第2の導電部とを厚み方向に貫通している結晶の線欠陥が10個以下で存在する、導電性粒子。 - 前記第1の導電部の厚みが10nm以上である、請求項1に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記第1の導電部のビッカース硬度が50以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記第1の導電部がニッケルを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 10%圧縮したときの圧縮弾性率が、3500N/mm2以上、60000N/mm2以下である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 複数の前記突起の平均高さが、5nm以上、1000nm以下である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記導電性粒子における最も外側に位置する導電部の外表面の全表面積100%中、突起がある部分の表面積が5%以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記第1の導電部が、銅、ニッケル、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、銀、金、白金、イリジウム、コバルト、鉄、タングステン、モリブデン、リン及びホウ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記第2の導電部が、銅、ニッケル、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、銀、金、白金、イリジウム、コバルト、鉄、タングステン、モリブデン、リン及びホウ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 前記導電性粒子における最も外側に位置する導電部の外表面上に配置された絶縁性物質を備える、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。
- 第3の導電部を備え、
前記第2の導電部の外表面上に前記第3の導電部が配置されている、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子。 - 前記第2の導電部が、前記第1の導電部に接するように前記第1の導電部の外表面上に配置されており、
前記第3の導電部が、前記第2の導電部に接するように前記第2の導電部の外表面上に配置されている、請求項11に記載の導電性粒子。 - 前記第3の導電部が、銅、ニッケル、パラジウム、ルテニウム、ロジウム、銀、金、白金、イリジウム、コバルト、鉄、タングステン、モリブデン、リン及びホウ素からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項11又は12に記載の導電性粒子。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子と、バインダー樹脂とを含む、導電材料。
- 第1の電極を表面に有する第1の接続対象部材と、
第2の電極を表面に有する第2の接続対象部材と、
前記第1の接続対象部材と前記第2の接続対象部材とを接続している接続部とを備え、
前記接続部の材料が、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載の導電性粒子であるか、又は前記導電性粒子とバインダー樹脂とを含む導電材料であり、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極とが前記導電性粒子により電気的に接続されている、接続構造体。
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| KR (1) | KR102468513B1 (ja) |
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| WO (1) | WO2016080407A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111095441A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-01 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 含金属粒子、连接材料、连接结构体及连接结构体的制造方法、导通检查用部件以及导通检查装置 |
| WO2020175691A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111512400B (zh) * | 2018-02-06 | 2023-03-10 | 三菱综合材料株式会社 | 银包覆树脂粒子 |
| JP2023544928A (ja) * | 2020-10-06 | 2023-10-26 | ドク サン ネオルクス カンパニー リミテッド | 導電粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| KR102598343B1 (ko) * | 2020-10-06 | 2023-11-06 | 덕산네오룩스 주식회사 | 도전입자, 도전재료 및 접속 구조체 |
| CN113828543B (zh) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-05-26 | 上海锐朗光电材料有限公司 | 一种用于芯片封装材料的银粉填充体筛选方法 |
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| JP5184612B2 (ja) | 2010-11-22 | 2013-04-17 | 日本化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粉体、それを含む導電性材料及びその製造方法 |
| WO2014115467A1 (ja) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-31 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 基材粒子、導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
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2015
- 2015-11-17 WO PCT/JP2015/082306 patent/WO2016080407A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2015-11-17 KR KR1020177012211A patent/KR102468513B1/ko active Active
- 2015-11-17 CN CN201580062435.1A patent/CN107112072B/zh active Active
- 2015-11-17 JP JP2015560476A patent/JP6668075B2/ja active Active
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2020
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| JP2011159471A (ja) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-18 | Nippon Chem Ind Co Ltd | 導電性粉体及びそれを含む導電性材料並びに導電性粒子の製造方法 |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111095441A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-01 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 含金属粒子、连接材料、连接结构体及连接结构体的制造方法、导通检查用部件以及导通检查装置 |
| KR20200056350A (ko) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-05-22 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 금속 함유 입자, 접속 재료, 접속 구조체, 접속 구조체의 제조 방법, 도통 검사용 부재 및 도통 검사 장치 |
| CN111095441B (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2021-11-23 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 含金属粒子、连接材料、连接结构体及连接结构体的制造方法、导通检查用部件以及导通检查装置 |
| CN114068067A (zh) * | 2017-09-20 | 2022-02-18 | 积水化学工业株式会社 | 含金属粒子、连接材料、连接结构体及其制造方法、导通检查用部件以及导通检查装置 |
| KR102572563B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-20 | 2023-08-30 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 금속 함유 입자, 접속 재료, 접속 구조체, 접속 구조체의 제조 방법, 도통 검사용 부재 및 도통 검사 장치 |
| WO2020175691A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-03 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| KR20210130152A (ko) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-10-29 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 도전성 입자, 도전 재료 및 접속 구조체 |
| JPWO2020175691A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-28 | 2021-12-23 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| JP7671142B2 (ja) | 2019-02-28 | 2025-05-01 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 導電性粒子、導電材料及び接続構造体 |
| KR102803088B1 (ko) * | 2019-02-28 | 2025-05-07 | 세키스이가가쿠 고교가부시키가이샤 | 도전성 입자, 도전 재료 및 접속 구조체 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6668075B2 (ja) | 2020-03-18 |
| KR102468513B1 (ko) | 2022-11-18 |
| KR20170073613A (ko) | 2017-06-28 |
| JPWO2016080407A1 (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
| CN107112072B (zh) | 2019-06-28 |
| JP2020095966A (ja) | 2020-06-18 |
| CN107112072A (zh) | 2017-08-29 |
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