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WO2016071029A1 - Systeme de transmission, procédé et système pour véhicules - Google Patents

Systeme de transmission, procédé et système pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016071029A1
WO2016071029A1 PCT/EP2015/071171 EP2015071171W WO2016071029A1 WO 2016071029 A1 WO2016071029 A1 WO 2016071029A1 EP 2015071171 W EP2015071171 W EP 2015071171W WO 2016071029 A1 WO2016071029 A1 WO 2016071029A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy
transmission
inverter
electrical energy
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/071171
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Blum
Philipp Schumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2016071029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016071029A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/122—Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, e.g. supplying electric power to the coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H02J7/933—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a transmission system for contactless transmission of energy. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a corresponding method and a vehicle arrangement.
  • batteries are used in electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles as an energy storage to provide energy for the electric drive motor of the electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle.
  • a charging adapter can be installed, to which the respective vehicle can be connected via a cable.
  • the charging adapter is located on the vehicle side and can be connected to a conventional power outlet.
  • EP2623363 shows a conventional charging device for energy storage.
  • inductive charging of electric vehicles necessary for charging the vehicle battery energy is not a charging cable for Vehicle transmitted (conductive charging), but transmitted via a transformer with a large air gap contactless. This is typically the
  • Primary coil of the transformer either embedded in the ground or formed as laid on the floor pallet and is connected by means of suitable electronics to the mains.
  • the secondary coil of the transformer is typically fixedly mounted in the underbody of the vehicle and in turn connected by suitable electronics to the vehicle battery.
  • the primary coil generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which penetrates the secondary coil and induces a corresponding current there.
  • the transmittable energy scales linearly with the switching frequency
  • the switching frequency is limited by the control electronics, losses in the transmission path and legal limits with respect to magnetic fields, this results in a typical frequency range of 10 -150 kHz.
  • Fig. 5 a conventional inductive charging arrangement is shown.
  • an inverter operating at high switching frequency. The current flow results
  • the combination of the two resonant circuits plus inverter and rectifier can be designed for charging a battery with a defined voltage range and corresponding charging power.
  • Mains frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz must be simulated with the switching frequency of the inverter.
  • the present invention discloses a transmission system having the features of claim 1, a method having the features of claim 7 and a vehicle arrangement having the features of claim 12.
  • a transmission device for contactless transmission of electrical energy comprising a rectifier device, which is coupled to the energy source and is adapted to provide electrical energy from the energy source and to feed into the energy source, with a first inverter means, which is arranged between the rectifier device and the transmission device and adapted thereto is to transmit the provided electrical energy from the power source to the transmission device and electrical energy from the transmission device to the
  • Rectifier device to transmit, with a second
  • An inverter device which is arranged between the transmission device and the consumer and is adapted to transmit the electrical energy from the transmission device to the consumer and to transmit electrical energy from the consumer to the transmission device, wherein the first inverter device is adapted to the amount of transmitted electrical energy by a pulse pattern modulation and / or pulse width modulation of the control signals of the first
  • Set inverter means and the second inverter means is adapted to adjust the amount of electrical energy transmitted by a pulse pattern modulation and / or pulse width modulation of the control signals of the second inverter means.
  • Pulse width modulation is regulated.
  • a vehicle arrangement having a transmission system according to the invention with a vehicle, wherein the rectifier device is arranged in the vehicle, and wherein the inverter device is outside the vehicle
  • Vehicle is arranged, and wherein the transmission device is at least partially disposed in the vehicle and partly outside of the vehicle.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that a conventional circuit for inductively charging electric vehicles can only be converted to bidirectional operation with great effort.
  • the idea underlying the present invention is now to take account of this knowledge and to provide a transmission system in which both on the primary side, ie the network side, as well as on the secondary side, ie on the side of the consumer, each controlled
  • Inverter devices are used, which are controlled based on a suitable switching strategy.
  • the present invention provides a transmission system in which, by way of example, the first, also called primary,
  • Inverter device and / or the second, also called secondary, inverter device the transmitted electrical energy bidirectionally in all design-relevant operating points while maintaining the desired ZVS and / or ZCS operating mode (Zero Voltage Switching or Zero Current Switching, soft switching operation) can control. It is understood by a pulse pattern modulation that the first
  • Inverter device are controlled such that the
  • Transmission device with pulse-like signals eg square-wave signals
  • the pulse pattern modulation is an example of controlling the frequency, number or order of these pulse-like signals. This can be for the first inverter device or the second
  • Inverter means that the transmission system instead of a monotonous square wave signal with a square wave
  • Fundamental frequency is driven with omitted half or full waves.
  • the second inverter device operates as a controlled rectifier device, which rectifies not all half or full waves of the current signal transmitted from the transmission device and forwarded to the consumer, but via a controlled short circuit of the input the second inverter are omitted some half or full waves and recirculate in the secondary resonant circuit of the transmission device.
  • the semiconductor switches are operated only at very low current, close to the zero crossing of the periodic current signal, or very small voltage, while the parallel freewheeling diode conducts the current.
  • Transfer device applied without the voltage e.g. must be controlled by a DC / DC converter. Nevertheless, it can also be under
  • the invention thus proposes a system design which, on the one hand, represents minimal hardware complexity, since there are no additional passive and active ones
  • the transmission system comprises a control device connected to the rectifier device and the first
  • Inverter means and the second inverter means is coupled and for a plurality of operating points of the transmission system for the first inverter means and / or for the second
  • Inverter means each having a switching pattern of predetermined or variable length, each point of the switching pattern denotes a half-wave or a full wave of the respective electrical voltage or the respective electrical current, and wherein the control device is in particular formed, in each case depending on one of the switching pattern, the first
  • Inverter device and / or the second inverter device in particular synchronously to control.
  • the switching patterns or pulse widths in one of the inverter devices or in both inverter devices for the transmission of electrical energy from the consumer to the
  • Energy source formed such that the amplitude of the voltage and / or the current, which from the first inverter device 4 to the
  • Rectifier device 9 is output, the amplitude of the voltage and / or the current of the power source follow. As a result, with the aid of the first inverter device 4 and the second inverter device 5, the energy transfer can be controlled such that no further
  • Distant can be one in this way Sinusoidal voltage or a sinusoidal current are fed into the energy source, even if the rectifier device, for example, only two switching operations, for example, per 50Hz or 60Hz period performs.
  • the rectifier device is designed to be in a transmission of electrical supply energy from the
  • the rectifier device which at least
  • Charging mode can work as a simple rectifier, so is also as
  • Inverter designed, however, which must switch only with the frequency of the power source and can then be designed accordingly. There must be no hard switching operations, which have higher losses and a significantly more complex design result, and the rectifier device, which is now operated as an inverter, only two switching operations per 50 Hz or 60 Hz period must perform, which also still at the current zero crossing can be done and thus hardly generate losses. This has a very advantageous effect on the dimensioning of the semiconductor switches.
  • the first inverter device and / or the second inverter device and / or the rectifier device has a bridge circuit.
  • a power factor correction device is provided between the first inverter device and the rectifier device
  • the second inverter device is designed to have its pulse pattern modulation or its degree of modulation according to a
  • Absolute value of one of the energy source e.g. a high-voltage battery, voltage supplied, with the second
  • Inverter device is formed, the voltage of the first
  • Inverter device or the current in the transmission device capture and adapt their pulse pattern modulation to this.
  • an automatic synchronization of the first inverter device and the second rectifier device an automatic synchronization of the first inverter device
  • Inverter devices are performed.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an inventive
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of an inventive
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an inventive
  • the vehicle assembly ;
  • Fig. 4 is an electrical circuit diagram of an embodiment of a
  • Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a conventional charging arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a transmission system 1 according to the invention.
  • the transmission system of FIG. 1 has a power source 6 which is coupled to a rectifier device 9 which is connected to a first
  • Inverter device 4 is coupled.
  • the first inverter device 4 is coupled to a transmission device 3 and the
  • Transmission device 3 is coupled to a second inverter device 5, which in turn is coupled to a load 2.
  • the consumer 2 may in one embodiment e.g. as an energy storage 2, e.g. a
  • Battery 2 be formed.
  • the consumer 2 may also be designed as any other type of electrical consumer 2 which is also capable of delivering electrical energy, e.g. as an electric motor that can also be operated in generator mode.
  • a supply energy 7 which has an AC voltage or AC ready, which rectifies the rectifier means 9 and the first inverter means 4 is available, which converts them into a supply energy 7 for the transmission means 3.
  • the supply energy 7 for the transmission device 3 may e.g. again have an alternating voltage or an alternating current.
  • the transmission device 3 can transmit electrical energy without contact, this is merely exemplified in FIG. 1 as two coils which
  • each coil has an additional capacitor (not shown), which together with the respective coil 3-1, 3-2 a
  • Inverter 4 uses an omission of half or full waves. This results in an effectively lower excitation amplitude of the In the oscillation pauses, the first inverter device 4 is set so that there is a freewheeling state, the further swinging of the
  • Inverter device 5 is performed according to the invention by the introduction of a switchable freewheeling state in the second inverter device 5. Again, it is envisaged that one or more half or full waves are omitted or masked out. Thus, the sees
  • Switching strategy also here, a freewheeling state for short-circuiting of the secondary-side resonant circuit via at least one
  • Inverter 5 exchanged and implemented analog.
  • any desired operating point for the transmission system 1 can be set.
  • the operating frequency of the first inverter device 4 and the second inverter device 5 may be e.g. between 10kHz and 150kHz,
  • the transmission system 1 can also be operated in part-load operation with high efficiency and supply energy from the power source 6 to the consumer 2, as well as transfer energy from the consumer 2 back into the power source 6.
  • a control device 10 may be provided, which serves the rectifier device 9, the first
  • control device 10 for different
  • Operating points of the transmission system 1 e.g. each have a switching pattern 1 1.
  • the switching patterns 1 1 may be e.g. for each half-wave or full-wave of the respective electrical voltage or the respective electrical current having a location which indicates whether the respective half-wave or full-wave is transmitted or not.
  • the switching pattern 11 may be formed such that the amplitude of the voltage and / or the current, which from the first inverter device 4 to the
  • Rectifier device 9 is output, the amplitude of the voltage and / or the current of the power source 6 follow. The first
  • Inverter device 4 output voltage or the output from the first inverter device 4 current thus has a
  • Amplitude curve which corresponds to that of the energy source 6.
  • the course corresponds to a rectified 50Hz or 60Hz
  • the transmission system according to the invention can therefore dispense with a power factor adjustment or power factor correction in this embodiment.
  • Inverter device 4 and the second inverter device 5 makes sense. This synchronization can in one embodiment of the
  • Control device 10 are performed.
  • Inverter device 5 their pulse pattern modulation according to a
  • Absolute value of a provided by the power source 6 voltage or provided by the power source 6 stream adjust. This can be done by detecting the current that is already varying in each case as a result of the varying voltage across the first inverter device 4 Transmission direction 3 take place, for example, by the current amplitude in the secondary-side resonant circuit when switching a period
  • Transmission device 3 is determined.
  • the second inverter device 5 can then their
  • Synchronization signal would have to be transmitted.
  • Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a
  • Method according to the invention which can be used for contactless transmission of electrical energy from a power source 6, which provides a supply energy 7, to a consumer 2 or vice versa.
  • the method sees in a first operating mode, the cyclical switching Sl of an electrical supply energy 7 of a power source 6 to a
  • Transmission device 3 which is designed for contactless transmission of electrical energy. In a second operating mode, the cyclic switching of an electrical energy 8 of the consumer 2 to the
  • Transmission device 3 is provided.
  • the contactless transmission S2 of the respective electrical energy in the transmission device 3 is provided.
  • Transmission device 3 provided electrical energy 8 cyclically connected to the consumer 2, S3.
  • the electrical supply energy 7 provided by the transmission device 3 becomes cyclically connected to the power source 6.
  • the distinction between supply energy 7 and energy 8 is used here fairly to distinguish whether the energy on the primary side of the transmission device 3, ie on the side of the power source 6, or on the secondary side, the side of the consumer 2 is meant.
  • the steps of cyclic switching Sl, S3 further provide that the respective transmitted electrical energy 7, 8 is controlled by a pulse pattern modulation and / or pulse width modulation.
  • a switching pattern 11 of predetermined or variable length for the cyclical switching of the electrical supply energy 7 and / or the cyclical switching of the electrical energy 8 is predetermined for a plurality of operating points of the method.
  • Each point of the switching pattern 11 indicates a half-wave or a full-wave of the respective electrical
  • the electrical supply energy 7 and / or the electrical energy 8 are then cyclically switched in each case depending on one of the switching pattern 11. In one embodiment, between the power source 6 and the
  • Transmission device 3 performed a power factor correction.
  • the power factor correction when feeding back from the consumer to the power source may alternatively be implied by the
  • the switching patterns 11 for the transmission of electrical energy in the second operating mode can be designed such that the amplitude of the voltage and / or the current, which is cyclically switched by the transmission device 3 to the power source 6, the amplitude of the voltage and / or Streams of
  • the method in the second mode of operation, further provides cyclically adjusting a polarity of a voltage and / or a current of the electrical power cyclically connected to the power source 6
  • the polarity becomes the polarity of a
  • a low-frequency adaptation of the polarity of the voltage fed back into the energy source 6 or of the fed-back current with the frequency of the energy source usually 50 Hz or 60 Hz, takes place.
  • Transmission device 3 may be provided an explicit synchronization signal. But it can also be provided that the
  • Pulse pattern modulation for the cyclic switching of the electrical energy 8 of the load 2 to the transmission device 3 to a predetermined by the voltage of the power source 6 current amplitude of the transmission device 3 are adjusted. This implies an implicit synchronization without
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle arrangement 20 according to the invention.
  • a vehicle 25 is shown, wherein inside the vehicle 25 the receiver coil 3-2 of the transmission device 3, the second inverter device 5 and the consumer 2 designed as an energy storage device 2, e.g. a vehicle battery 2, are arranged.
  • Rectifier device 9 the first inverter device 4 and the primary coil 3-1 of the transmission device 3 is arranged.
  • Rectifier device 9 the first inverter device 4 and the second inverter device 5 is coupled to control these.
  • the control device 10 may be designed to carry out a method according to FIG. 2.
  • the control device 10 can be designed as a single control unit 10.
  • the control device 10 may also be designed as a distributed control system 10, which is partly in the first
  • Inverter device 5 may be arranged. In this case, the parts of the control device data for synchronization, for. replace by radio.
  • the parts of the controller 10 may synchronize as well perform based on a current or voltage measurement, as already described above.
  • Fig. 4 shows an electrical circuit diagram of an embodiment of a
  • the transmission system in FIG. 4 has an energy source 6 which provides a supply voltage U 0 .
  • the rectifier device 9 has four branches, wherein two branches are coupled to the positive pole of the power source 6 and two branches to the negative pole of the power source 6. In each case a branch which is coupled to the positive pole, and a branch which is coupled to the negative pole are coupled to a first pole of the first inverter device 4. The remaining branches are with a second pole of the first
  • Each branch has a switching device 40-1-40-4 and a diode 41-1-41-4 connected in antiparallel with the respective switching device 40-1-40-4.
  • the inverter device 4 also has four branches, two
  • Branches are coupled to the positive first pole of the inverter device 4 and two branches to the negative second pole of the inverter device 4. In each case a branch which is coupled to the positive pole, and a branch which is coupled to the negative pole is connected to a first pole of a
  • Transmitting coil 3-1 of the transmission device 3 coupled, which has an inductance LI.
  • the remaining branches are coupled to a second pole of the transmitting coil 3-1 of the transmission device 3.
  • Each branch has one
  • Inverter device 4 and the transmitting coil 3-1 is further a capacitor
  • Fig. 4 is further a PFC circuit or a
  • Power factor correction circuit 30 between the rectifier device 9 and the first inverter device 4 is arranged, which has a coil 33 with a parallel switching element 31 which is connected between an output of the rectifier device 9 and the first pole of the first
  • Inverter device 4 are arranged. Further, a switching element 32nd and a series circuit arranged in parallel therewith, comprising a switching element 34 and an inductance 35 between the first pole of the first
  • Inverter device 4 is arranged. This PFC circuit can be deactivated by the switching elements 31, 32 and 34 when it is not needed.
  • the PFC circuit 30 can be dispensed with.
  • the receiver coil 3-2 of the transmission device 3 is connected to the second
  • Inverter device 5 is coupled.
  • the second inverter device 5 also has four branches, wherein two branches are coupled to the positive pole of the load 2 and two branches to the negative pole of the load 2, here a battery 2. Each of these branches has one
  • Receiver coil 3-2 a capacitor C2 is further arranged, which forms a resonant circuit with the coil 3-2.
  • the power source provides the AC voltage U 0 .
  • Resonant circuit of the transmitting coil 3-1 is the voltage Ui. In the oscillation circuit of the transmitting coil 3-1, the current Ii flows. At the resonant circuit of
  • Receiver coil 3-2 is applied to the voltage U 2 .
  • Receiver coil 3-2 is applied to the voltage U 2 .
  • the energy storage 2 has the
  • control device 10 which has at least one switching pattern 11 for controlling the rectifier device 9, the first inverter device 4 and the second inverter device 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de transmission destiné à transmettre sans contact de l'énergie d'une source d'énergie, qui produit une puissance d'alimentation, vers un consommateur ou du consommateur vers la source d'énergie, lequel système de transmission comprend un dispositif de transmission destiné à transmettre sans contact de l'énergie électrique, un dispositif redresseur qui est couplé à la source d'énergie et qui est adapté pour produire de l'énergie électrique à partir de la source d'énergie et pour l'injecter dans la source d'énergie, un premier dispositif onduleur qui est disposé entre le dispositif redresseur et le dispositif de transmission et qui est conçu pour transmettre l'énergie électrique produite de la source d'énergie vers le dispositif de transmission et pour transmettre de l'énergie électrique du dispositif de transmission au dispositif redresseur, un second dispositif onduleur qui est disposé entre le dispositif de transmission et le consommateur et qui est conçu pour transmettre de l'énergie électrique du dispositif de transmission au consommateur et pour transmettre de l'énergie électrique du consommateur au dispositif de transmission, le premier dispositif onduleur étant conçu pour régler la quantité d'énergie électrique transmise par une modulation de motif d'impulsions et/ou de modulation de largeur d'impulsion des signaux de commande du premier dispositif onduleur et le second dispositif onduleur étant conçu pour régler la quantité d'énergie électrique transmise par une modulation de motif d'impulsions et/ou modulation de largeur d'impulsions les signaux de commande du second dispositif onduleur. La présente invention concerne en outre un procédé et un système pour véhicules.
PCT/EP2015/071171 2014-11-04 2015-09-16 Systeme de transmission, procédé et système pour véhicules Ceased WO2016071029A1 (fr)

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DE102014222475.6 2014-11-04
DE102014222475.6A DE102014222475A1 (de) 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 Übertragungssystem, Verfahren und Fahrzeuganordnung

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DE102016210018A1 (de) * 2016-06-07 2017-12-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Übertragungssystem zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Energie
DE102017005928A1 (de) 2016-07-20 2018-01-25 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg Umrichtersystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Umrichtersystems
DE102016225577A1 (de) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Energieübertragungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Energieübertragungssystems
EP3697641B1 (fr) 2017-10-18 2023-12-06 Sew-Eurodrive GmbH & Co. KG Système et procédé de transmission d'énergie vers une unité mobile configuré en tant que véhicule et ayant un accumulateur d'énergie et un enroulement secondaire
CN109149942B (zh) * 2018-08-06 2020-10-27 西安理工大学 一种用于高频谐振型直流变压器的多频率段控制方法

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