WO2016067457A1 - 搬送システムおよびその制御方法 - Google Patents
搬送システムおよびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016067457A1 WO2016067457A1 PCT/JP2014/079088 JP2014079088W WO2016067457A1 WO 2016067457 A1 WO2016067457 A1 WO 2016067457A1 JP 2014079088 W JP2014079088 W JP 2014079088W WO 2016067457 A1 WO2016067457 A1 WO 2016067457A1
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- robot
- workpiece
- lifting
- drive source
- lifting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J11/00—Manipulators not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/0009—Constructional details, e.g. manipulator supports, bases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/10—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
- B25J9/12—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements electric
- B25J9/126—Rotary actuators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Programme controls
- B25J9/1656—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1664—Programme controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by motion, path, trajectory planning
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transfer system for transferring a workpiece and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a transfer system suitable for transferring a heavy workpiece and a control method thereof.
- Workpieces that are transported using the transport system include metal molds for manufacturing metal parts, materials before metal parts are molded, or metal parts that make up products. These works weigh hundreds of kilograms. There is something to have.
- the workpiece When transporting such heavy workpieces, for example, the workpiece is lifted by an overhead crane installed in the factory, and the operator operates the traveling mechanism of the overhead crane to move the lifted workpiece to a predetermined position. ing.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a technique for reducing a load on a robot by providing a balancer in a robot so that the work weight is supported by the balancer. .
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and enables the transfer of workpieces of various weights using the robot while preventing an increase in size and cost of the robot. It is an object to provide a transport system and a control method thereof.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a transport system for transporting a workpiece, in order to enable lifting means for lifting the workpiece and horizontal movement of the lifting means.
- Guide means a robot for moving the workpiece in a state of being lifted by the lifting means, and a control means for controlling the lifting means and the robot.
- the drive source of the means is controlled by current control, and the drive source of the robot is controlled by position control.
- the control unit supplies a predetermined current value determined in advance according to the weight of the workpiece and the lifting speed of the workpiece to the drive source of the lifting unit. It is comprised so that it may provide, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
- control means includes a robot controller for controlling the robot, and the drive source of the lifting means is an external shaft of the robot. As controlled by the robot controller.
- the robot control means includes a lifting means controller for controlling the lifting means and a robot controller for controlling the robot.
- the driving source of the lifting means and the driving source of the robot are cooperatively controlled by communicating between the lifting means controller and the robot controller.
- the drive source of the lifting means and the drive source of the robot are both servomotors. .
- the robot is configured to hold the workpiece by holding a workpiece holding jig attached to the workpiece. It is characterized by that.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention provides a control method for a transport system for transporting a workpiece, the robot holding the workpiece with a holding step, and before or after the holding step.
- a lifting step of lifting the workpiece by the lifting means; and a moving step of driving the robot to move the workpiece in a state of being lifted by the lifting means, and driving the lifting means in the moving step The power source is controlled by current control, and the driving source of the robot is controlled by position control.
- the holding step is performed before the lifting step, and the drive source of the lifting means is current controlled in both the lifting step and the moving step.
- the drive source of the robot is controlled by position control.
- a predetermined current value determined in advance according to the weight of the workpiece and the lifting speed of the workpiece is applied to the drive source of the lifting means. It is characterized by that.
- the drive source of the lifting means is controlled by a robot controller of the robot as an external axis of the robot. .
- the drive source of the lifting means and the drive source of the robot are a controller for the lifting means, a controller for the robot, It is controlled by performing communication between them.
- the drive source of the lifting means and the drive source of the robot are both servomotors. .
- the thirteenth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in any of the seventh to twelfth aspects, in the holding step, a work holding jig mounted on the work is held by the robot.
- “current control” is a control method for controlling the drive current of the drive source, not the amount of operation of the drive source (for example, the amount of rotation of the servo motor). Is used to control the driving force of the driving means of the lifting means when raising, lowering, or resting.
- position control is a control method for controlling the operation position of the drive source by controlling the operation amount of the drive source (for example, the rotation amount of the servo motor). The position of the held work is controlled.
- a transport system and a control method thereof that can transport workpieces of various weights using a robot while preventing an increase in size and cost of the robot.
- the workpiece transfer system and its control method according to this embodiment are particularly suitable for transferring a heavy workpiece.
- the transfer system 1 is incorporated in a robot cell, and includes a crane (lifting means) 2 for lifting the workpiece W.
- the crane 2 is slidably mounted on a first guide rail 3 installed on the ceiling of the robot cell, and can move in the horizontal direction along the first guide rail 3.
- first guide rail 3 two second guide rails 4 are installed in parallel in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the first guide rail 3.
- the first guide rail 3 is slidably mounted on the two second guide rails 4 and is movable along the second guide rail 4 in the horizontal direction.
- the first guide rail 3 and the second guide rail 4 constitute guide means for enabling the crane 2 to move horizontally in the XY directions.
- the guide means in the present embodiment simply allows the crane 2 to move horizontally, and does not have a drive mechanism for causing the crane 2 to travel in the horizontal direction. It is also possible to add a drive mechanism for causing 2 itself to travel in the horizontal direction.
- the transfer system 1 further includes a robot 5 for holding the workpiece W.
- the robot arm 6 of the robot 5 has a hand 7 at its tip.
- the hand 7 is configured to releasably hold the workpiece holding jig 8 attached to the workpiece W.
- the robot 5 includes a servo motor (drive source) 9 for driving the robot arm 6 and the hand 7, and the servo motor 9 is provided corresponding to each joint of the robot arm 6 and the holding mechanism of the hand 7. ing.
- the crane 2 includes a lifting servo motor (drive source) 11 for winding or unwinding the rope 10.
- each servo motor 9 of the robot 5 is controlled by a robot controller (control means) 12.
- the operation of the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 is controlled by a robot controller 12 as an external shaft of the robot 5. That is, each of the servo motors 9 of the robot 5 and the lifting / lowering servo motors 11 of the crane 2 are controlled by the robot controller 12.
- the robot controller 12 is configured to control the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 by current control and to control the servomotor 9 of the robot 5 by position control.
- the “current control” is a control method for controlling the drive current of the servo motor, not the rotation amount of the servo motor.
- the work W is raised or lowered by the crane 2,
- the driving force of the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 at the time of stopping is controlled. That is, the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 is controlled by current control, and the workpiece W is moved upward with a force (constant for each operation) that balances with the workpiece weight (including the weight of the workpiece holding jig 8). Keep pulling on.
- “Position control” is a control method for controlling the operating position of the servo motor by controlling the rotation amount of the servo motor. In this embodiment, the position control of the work W held by the robot 5 is controlled. It is.
- the robot controller 12 is configured to apply a predetermined current value, which is determined in advance according to the weight of the workpiece W and the lifting / lowering speed of the workpiece W (including speed 0), to the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2. Yes.
- the predetermined current value applied to the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 is obtained in advance by experiments.
- the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 is not “position control” but “current control”.
- a control method in which a drive current of I 0 (A) is supplied to the lifting / lowering servo motor 11 of the crane 2. It is.
- a predetermined current value I 0 (A) is given to the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 regardless of the position of the moving workpiece W.
- the servo motor 9 of the robot 5 is controlled by position control so that the workpiece W moves at a speed V 0 (mm / s).
- the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 has a predetermined value determined in advance according to the weight W i (kg) of the work W and the transport speed V 0 (mm / s).
- an unscheduled external force is not applied to the servo motor 9 of the robot 5 during the transfer work of the workpiece W.
- the safety mechanism that the robot 5 has as a standard operates to stop the operation of the servo motor 9. .
- the coefficients a and b are determined by the specifications of the crane 2 including the lifting servo motor 11.
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the current value I m and the Z-axis direction velocity V z in the lifting servo motor 11 of the crane 2 during cooperative operation, it is obtained by experiments.
- the workpiece is moved up and down under a substantially constant value of the tension generated on the rope of the crane 2 and the workpiece weight.
- FIG. 3 shows a case where the workpiece W is raised and a case where the workpiece W is lowered.
- the workpiece W has a workpiece weight W 1 (kg) and the workpiece W has a workpiece weight W 2 (kg) (W 1 > W 2 ).
- the case where the workpiece W is lowered indicates the case of the workpiece W having a workpiece weight of W 1 (kg).
- the coefficients c, d, and e are determined by the specifications of the crane 2 including the lifting servo motor 11.
- I b is a function of the workpiece weight W i, if workpiece weight W i and Z-axis velocity V z is known, it is possible to obtain the I m.
- the workpiece W with the workpiece holding jig 8 mounted thereon is mounted on the mounting table 13 in the robot cell.
- the work holding jig 8 is provided with a grip portion 14 that is gripped by the hand 7 of the robot 5.
- the robot 5 is driven by the robot controller 12, and the grip portion 14 of the work holding jig 8 is held by the hand 7 of the robot 5 as shown in FIG. 4B (holding process).
- the crane 2 can bear all the total load of the load due to the workpiece weight and the load generated as the workpiece is lifted. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the robot 5 from being overloaded.
- the robot controller 12 controls the robot 5 and the crane 2 to move the workpiece W to a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 4D ( Moving process).
- FIG. 5 shows a movement path when the work W lifted up to the first position P1 by the crane 2 is moved to the sixth position P6 by the robot.
- the movement path of the workpiece W is shown expanded in the same plane, but the actual movement path extends three-dimensionally in the xyz direction.
- the workpiece W at the first position P1 is moved in the horizontal direction by the robot 5 and moved to the second position P2.
- a current value that balances the workpiece weight and tension is applied to the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 using the above-described equation (2).
- the workpiece W at the second position P2 is moved to the third position P3 at a position higher than the second position P2.
- the current value corresponding to the speed in the Z-axis direction of the workpiece W calculated using the above-described equation (3) is used as the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2.
- the crane 2 can bear the total load of the load due to the workpiece weight and the load generated as the workpiece is raised. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the robot 5 from being overloaded.
- the workpiece W is moved in the horizontal direction from the third position P3 to the fourth position P4.
- the same control as the movement process from the first position P1 to the second position P2 is performed. Thereby, generation
- the workpiece W at the fourth position P4 is moved to the fifth position P5 at a position lower than the fourth position P4.
- the current value corresponding to the speed in the Z-axis direction of the workpiece W calculated using the above-described equation (4) is used as the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2.
- the crane 2 can be burdened with the total load of the load due to the work weight and the negative load generated as the work descends. Thereby, it is possible to reliably prevent the robot 5 from being overloaded.
- the robot 5 since the work W is held by the robot 5 and moved while the work weight is borne on the crane 2, the robot 5 is prevented from being increased in size and cost. However, the workpiece W having various weights exceeding the loadable weight of the robot 5 can be transported without any trouble. In addition, by preventing the robot 5 from becoming large, it is possible to prevent an increase in the area occupied by the robot cell including the robot 5.
- the robot controller 12 controls the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 by current control and the servomotor 9 of the robot 5 by position control.
- the operation of the lifting servo motor 11 and the operation of the servo motor 9 of the robot 5 can be reliably synchronized. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent an overload from being applied to one or both of the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 and the servomotor 9 of the robot 5.
- the crane 2 is passively moved in the horizontal direction in accordance with the horizontal movement of the workpiece W by the robot 5, so that the operation of the drive source of the traveling drive means of the crane 2 is performed. And means for synchronizing the operation of the servo motor 9 of the robot 5 are not required. That is, in this embodiment, the crane 2 simply moves in the horizontal direction following the operation of the robot 5, so the horizontal speed of the crane 2 automatically matches the horizontal speed of the workpiece W.
- both the servo motors 9 of the robot 5 and the lifting / lowering servo motors 11 of the crane 2 are controlled by the robot controller 12, so that the control means of the transport system 1 is compact.
- the coordinated control of all the servo motors 9 and 11 can be performed smoothly.
- a crane controller 15 for controlling the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane (lifting means) 2 is provided separately from the robot controller 12. You may make it perform cooperative control by communicating between the controller 15 and the robot controller 12.
- the crane controller 15 controls the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 by current control
- the robot controller 12 controls the servomotor 9 of the robot 5 by position control.
- the crane controller 15 and the robot controller 12 share a command (information) related to the weight of the work W to be transported and the lifting speed (Z-axis direction speed), thereby realizing cooperative control between the controllers 12 and 15.
- the operation of the lifting / lowering servo motor 11 of the crane 2 and the operation of the servo motor 9 of the robot 5 can be reliably synchronized as in the above-described embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent an overload from being applied to one or both of the lifting / lowering servomotor 11 of the crane 2 and the servomotor 9 of the robot 5.
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- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2 クレーン(吊上げ手段)
3 第1のガイドレール(案内手段)
4 第2のガイドレール(案内手段)
5 ロボット
6 ロボットアーム
7 ハンド
8 ワーク保持治具
9 ロボットのサーボモータ(駆動源)
10 クレーンのロープ
11 クレーンの昇降用サーボモータ(駆動源)
12 ロボットコントローラ(制御手段)
13 載置台
14 ワーク保持治具の把手部
15 クレーンコントローラ
W ワーク
Claims (13)
- ワークを搬送するための搬送システムであって、
前記ワークを吊り上げるための吊上げ手段と、
前記吊上げ手段の水平移動を可能とするための案内手段と、
前記吊上げ手段により吊り上げられた状態にある前記ワークを移動させるためのロボットと、
前記吊上げ手段および前記ロボットを制御するための制御手段と、を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記吊上げ手段の駆動源を電流制御により制御すると共に、前記ロボットの駆動源を位置制御により制御するように構成されている、搬送システム。 - 前記制御手段は、前記ワークの重量および前記ワークの昇降速度に応じて予め決められた所定の電流値を前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源に付与するように構成されている、請求項1記載の搬送システム。
- 前記制御手段は、前記ロボットを制御するためのロボットコントローラを有し、
前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源は、前記ロボットの外部軸として前記ロボットコントローラによって制御される、請求項1または2に記載の搬送システム。 - 前記ロボット制御手段は、前記吊上げ手段を制御するための吊上げ手段コントローラと、前記ロボットを制御するためのロボットコントローラとを有し、
前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源および前記ロボットの前記駆動源は、前記吊上げ手段コントローラと前記ロボットコントローラとの間で通信を行なうことにより協調制御される、請求項1または2に記載の搬送システム。 - 前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源および前記ロボットの前記駆動源は、いずれも、サーボモータである、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システム。
- 前記ロボットは、前記ワークに装着されたワーク保持治具を保持することにより前記ワークを保持するように構成されている、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システム。
- ワークを搬送するための搬送システムの制御方法であって、
ロボットで前記ワークを保持する保持工程と、
前記保持工程の前または後に吊上げ手段によって前記ワークを吊り上げる吊上げ工程と、
前記ロボットを駆動して、前記吊上げ手段により吊上げられた状態にある前記ワークを移動させる移動工程と、を備え、
前記移動工程において、前記吊上げ手段の駆動源を電流制御により制御すると共に、前記ロボットの駆動源を位置制御により制御する、搬送システムの制御方法。 - 前記保持工程は、前記吊上げ工程の前に実施され、
前記吊上げ工程および前記移動工程の両工程において、前記吊上げ手段の駆動源を電流制御により制御すると共に、前記ロボットの駆動源を位置制御により制御する、請求項7記載の搬送システムの制御方法。 - 前記ワークの重量および前記ワークの昇降速度に応じて予め決められた所定の電流値を前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源に付与する、請求項7または8に記載の搬送システムの制御方法。
- 前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源を、前記ロボットの外部軸として前記ロボットのロボットコントローラによって制御する、請求項7乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システムの制御方法。
- 前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源および前記ロボットの前記駆動源は、前記吊上げ手段用のコントローラと前記ロボット用のコントローラとの間で通信を行なうことにより協調制御される、請求項7乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システムの制御方法。
- 前記吊上げ手段の前記駆動源および前記ロボットの前記駆動源は、いずれも、サーボモータである、請求項7乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システムの制御方法。
- 前記保持工程において、前記ワークに装着されたワーク保持治具を前記ロボットで保持する、請求項7乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の搬送システムの制御方法。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2016556162A JP6518263B2 (ja) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 搬送システムおよびその制御方法 |
| PCT/JP2014/079088 WO2016067457A1 (ja) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 搬送システムおよびその制御方法 |
| KR1020197020586A KR20190086788A (ko) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 반송 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
| KR1020177014758A KR20170078789A (ko) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 반송 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
| CN201480083067.4A CN107073717B (zh) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 搬送系统及其控制方法 |
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| PCT/JP2014/079088 WO2016067457A1 (ja) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | 搬送システムおよびその制御方法 |
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| JP2018126807A (ja) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-16 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | ワーク搬送装置 |
| JP2019072804A (ja) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-05-16 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 物品移動装置システム |
| JP2022048198A (ja) * | 2017-10-17 | 2022-03-25 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 制御部 |
| JP2023024974A (ja) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-02-21 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 吊下げ本体部及び移動部 |
| US20230079897A1 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2023-03-16 | Nec Corporation | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and computer readable recording medium |
| JP2023064819A (ja) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-12 | ニデック株式会社 | ロボット装置 |
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- 2014-10-31 CN CN201480083067.4A patent/CN107073717B/zh active Active
- 2014-10-31 KR KR1020197020586A patent/KR20190086788A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-31 WO PCT/JP2014/079088 patent/WO2016067457A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-10-31 KR KR1020177014758A patent/KR20170078789A/ko not_active Ceased
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018126807A (ja) * | 2017-02-06 | 2018-08-16 | トヨタ車体株式会社 | ワーク搬送装置 |
| JP2019072804A (ja) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-05-16 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 物品移動装置システム |
| JP7015499B2 (ja) | 2017-10-17 | 2022-02-03 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 物品移動装置システム |
| JP2022048198A (ja) * | 2017-10-17 | 2022-03-25 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 制御部 |
| JP7174942B2 (ja) | 2017-10-17 | 2022-11-18 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 制御部 |
| US20230079897A1 (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2023-03-16 | Nec Corporation | Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and computer readable recording medium |
| JP2023064819A (ja) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-12 | ニデック株式会社 | ロボット装置 |
| JP2023024974A (ja) * | 2022-01-13 | 2023-02-21 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 吊下げ本体部及び移動部 |
| JP7450969B2 (ja) | 2022-01-13 | 2024-03-18 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 吊下げ本体部及び移動部 |
| JP2024055932A (ja) * | 2022-01-13 | 2024-04-19 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 物品移動装置システム、及びその制御部 |
| JP7720106B2 (ja) | 2022-01-13 | 2025-08-07 | ユニパルス株式会社 | 物品移動装置システム、及び物品移動装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20170078789A (ko) | 2017-07-07 |
| KR20190086788A (ko) | 2019-07-23 |
| CN107073717B (zh) | 2023-08-11 |
| JP6518263B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 |
| JPWO2016067457A1 (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
| CN107073717A (zh) | 2017-08-18 |
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