WO2015125897A1 - アルミニウム合金板、接合体及び自動車用部材 - Google Patents
アルミニウム合金板、接合体及び自動車用部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015125897A1 WO2015125897A1 PCT/JP2015/054693 JP2015054693W WO2015125897A1 WO 2015125897 A1 WO2015125897 A1 WO 2015125897A1 JP 2015054693 W JP2015054693 W JP 2015054693W WO 2015125897 A1 WO2015125897 A1 WO 2015125897A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
- B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/06—Coating on the layer surface on metal layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
- B32B2255/205—Metallic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/12—Ships
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy plate, a joined body, and a member for an automobile. More specifically, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy plate having an oxide film formed on at least one surface, a joined body using the aluminum alloy plate, and an automobile member.
- Mg-containing aluminum alloy plates such as JIS 5000-based Al—Mg-based alloy plates and JIS 6000-based Al—Mg—Si-based alloy plates are used.
- As a joining method of these aluminum alloy plates there are welding and adhesion by an adhesive, and these methods may be used in combination. Whereas welding joins aluminum alloy plates with dots or lines, bonding with an adhesive bonds the aluminum alloy plates over the entire surface, so that the joining strength is high and it is advantageous in terms of collision safety. For this reason, in recent years, adhesion by an adhesive tends to increase in automobile members.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method of removing the Mg concentrated layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by pickling and simultaneously concentrating Cu on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a method in which the amount of Mg concentrated on the surface of an aluminum alloy plate and the OH absorption rate have a specific relationship.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a method in which the Mg concentration, Si concentration, and OH concentration in the oxide film surface layer of the aluminum material are set to specific ranges by continuously performing solution treatment and hot water treatment. .
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-256881 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-200007 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-217750 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-144064 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 7-188956
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above are exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment in which moisture, oxygen, chloride ions, and the like permeate, the deterioration of the interface proceeds, and the interface peels off. There is a problem that the strength is lowered or the corrosion of Al is promoted.
- the technique described in Patent Document 1 describes that the bonding with an adhesive is strengthened by concentration of Cu and the adhesiveness is improved.
- an aluminum alloy plate to which this technique is applied is a resin in a wet environment. Decomposition may be accelerated, and high durability cannot be expected.
- the techniques described in Patent Documents 4 and 5 cannot be expected to improve the adhesion durability.
- the main object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy plate, a bonded body, and an automobile member that are not easily lowered in adhesive strength even when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment and that have excellent adhesion durability.
- the present inventor has conducted extensive experiments to solve the above-described problems, and as a result, has obtained the following knowledge.
- the interface is hydrated and bonding strength (hydrogen bonding) decreases when exposed to a high temperature and wet environment. To do.
- the base of the aluminum alloy plate and the adhesive layer are basically bonded by hydrogen bonding, and when exposed to a high temperature and humidity environment where moisture, oxygen, chloride ions, etc. penetrate. , The interface is hydrated and the bond strength decreases.
- the method of performing anodization complicates the apparatus and costs equipment, and further requires a long time for film formation, resulting in a reduction in production efficiency.
- the interface deteriorates due to the hydration of the interface, and the interface peels off. Occurs and the adhesive strength decreases.
- the present inventor has examined the bonding state between the substrate surface and the adhesive layer, and provided an oxide film that specifies the contents of Mg, Si, Cu, and S on the substrate surface, thereby exposing to a high-temperature and humid environment. As a result, the present inventors have found that it is possible to suppress a decrease in adhesive strength when it is done.
- the aluminum alloy plate according to the present invention is formed on an aluminum alloy substrate and at least one surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, Mg is 0.1 atomic% or more and less than 30 atomic% and Si is 5 atomic% or more and 40 atoms. %, And a first film made of an oxide film in which Cu is controlled to be less than 0.6 atomic% and S is controlled to be less than 5 atomic%.
- the Mg content, Si content, Cu content and S content in the first film are values measured by a high-frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES).
- a second film having a composition different from that of the first film may be formed on at least a part of the first film. In that case, the second film may have a siloxane bond.
- the coating amount of the second film is less than for example 0.1 mg / m 2 or more 30 mg / m 2.
- an adhesive layer made of an adhesive may be formed on the outermost surface on the side on which the second film is formed.
- the aluminum alloy substrate can be formed of, for example, an Al—Mg alloy, an Al—Cu—Mg alloy, an Al—Mg—Si alloy, or an Al—Zn—Mg alloy.
- the joined body according to the present invention uses the above-described aluminum alloy plate.
- the aluminum alloy plates having the above-described second film are arranged so that the surfaces on which the first film and the second film are formed are opposed to each other, and an adhesive is provided. It can be set as the structure joined via. Alternatively, the first film and the second film are formed on the surface on which the first film and the second film of the aluminum alloy plate having the second film are formed via an adhesive. It can also be set as the structure which joined the other aluminum alloy plate or resin molding which is not done.
- the aluminum alloy plate provided with the above-mentioned adhesive layer and the aluminum alloy plate not provided with the above-mentioned adhesive layer, the surface on which the adhesive layer is formed, the first film and the second film It may be arranged so as to face the surface on which is formed and bonded via the adhesive layer.
- another aluminum alloy plate or resin molded body in which the first coating and the second coating are not formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate having the second coating described above on which the adhesive layer is formed It is also possible to adopt a structure in which
- the automotive member according to the present invention is manufactured using a joined body.
- an aluminum alloy plate that is less likely to decrease the adhesive strength even when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment and that has excellent adhesion durability.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an aluminum alloy plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an aluminum alloy plate according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration example of a joined body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views schematically showing another configuration example of the joined body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of an aluminum alloy plate according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another configuration example of the joined body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 8A and 8B are cross-sectional views schematically showing another configuration example of the joined body according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 9A and 9B are diagrams schematically showing a method for measuring the cohesive failure rate, FIG. 9A is a side view, and FIG. 9B is a plan view.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the aluminum alloy plate of the present embodiment.
- the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment has a first film 1 (hereinafter also referred to as a film 1) formed of an oxide film on at least one surface of an aluminum alloy substrate 3.
- a second film 2 (hereinafter also referred to as film 2) having a composition different from that of the first film 1 is formed on at least a part of the first film 1 as necessary.
- the substrate 3 is made of an aluminum alloy.
- the type of the aluminum alloy forming the substrate 3 is not particularly limited, and various non-heat-treatable or heat-treatable aluminum alloys that are defined in JIS or approximate to JIS depending on the application of the processed member Can be appropriately selected and used.
- the non-heat treatment type aluminum alloy there are pure aluminum (1000 series), Al—Mn series alloy (3000 series), Al—Si series alloy (4000 series), and Al—Mg series alloy (5000 series).
- the heat-treatable aluminum alloy there are an Al—Cu—Mg alloy (2000 series), an Al—Mg—Si alloy (6000 series), and an Al—Zn—Mg alloy (7000 series).
- the substrate 3 preferably has a 0.2% proof stress of 100 MPa or more from the viewpoint of strength.
- Aluminum alloys that can form a substrate that satisfies such characteristics include those containing a relatively large amount of magnesium, such as 2000 series, 5000 series, 6000 series, and 7000 series. These alloys are necessary. It may be tempered accordingly.
- it is preferable to use a 6000 series aluminum alloy because it has excellent age-hardening ability, has a relatively small amount of alloy elements, and is excellent in scrap recyclability and formability.
- the film 1 contains Mg in an amount of 0.1 atomic percent to less than 30 atomic percent and Si in an amount of 5 atomic percent to 40 atomic percent, and Cu is restricted to less than 0.6 atomic percent and S is less than 5 atomic percent. It is an oxide film (aluminum oxide film). This coating 1 is provided in order to improve adhesion durability when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment. Hereinafter, the reason for limiting the numerical value of each component included in the film 1 will be described.
- the aluminum alloy constituting the substrate of the aluminum alloy plate usually contains magnesium as an alloy component, and when an oxide film that is a composite oxide of aluminum and magnesium is formed on the surface of such a substrate 3, the aluminum alloy plate is formed on the surface. Magnesium is present in a concentrated state. For this reason, when an adhesive layer is formed on the oxide film, magnesium on the surface becomes a weak boundary layer of the adhesive interface, and the initial adhesiveness is lowered.
- the Mg content in the oxide film is 30 atomic% or more, the adhesion durability of the aluminum alloy plate is lowered. Therefore, in the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment, the Mg content in the first film 1 made of an oxide film is restricted to less than 30 atomic%. Thereby, adhesion durability can be improved.
- the Mg content of the film 1 is preferably less than 20 atomic%, more preferably less than 10 atomic%, from the viewpoint of improving adhesion durability.
- the lower limit of the Mg content of the film 1 is set to 0.1 atomic% or more from the viewpoint of economy.
- the Mg content in the film 1 can be measured by a high-frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES).
- the method for adjusting the Mg content of the film 1 is not particularly limited.
- acids or mixed acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, or potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, silicate and carbonate
- a method of surface treatment with an alkaline solution containing the above can be applied.
- This method adjusts the Mg content of the film 1 (oxide film) by dissolving magnesium in an acid or alkali solution, and adjusts the treatment time, temperature, concentration and pH of the surface treatment solution.
- the amount of Mg in the film 1 can be in the range described above.
- Silicon exists in the form of a silicate and has an effect of stabilizing the surface of the first film 1. Further, when the second film 2 is a film having a siloxane bond, There is also an effect of improving the adhesion. For this reason, it becomes possible to improve adhesion durability by making the 1st membrane
- the Si content in the film 1 is less than 5 atomic%, the above-described effects cannot be obtained, and when the Si content exceeds 40 atomic%, spot weldability and uniformity of chemical conversion treatment are deteriorated. Therefore, in the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment, the Si content in the first film 1 made of an oxide film is 5 to 40 atomic%.
- the Si content in the film 1 is preferably 8 atomic% or more, and more preferably 10 atomic% or more. Moreover, from the viewpoint of spot weldability and chemical conversion treatment uniformity, the Si content in the coating 1 is preferably 35 atomic% or less, and more preferably 30 atomic% or less.
- the Si content of the first film 1 includes an oxide film, for example, a silicate such as sodium silicate or potassium silicate in excess of 0.1% by mass before forming the second film 2. It can be controlled by treatment with an aqueous solution.
- the pH of the treatment liquid is not particularly limited, but it is preferably set to pH 10.5 or more because precipitation may occur in liquids other than alkaline.
- the amount of Cu in the first coating 1 is restricted to less than 0.6 atomic%.
- coat 1 is less than 0.5 atomic% from a viewpoint of the adhesive improvement with the 2nd membrane
- coat 1 is not specifically limited, For example, Cu content of the board
- the S content in the coating 1 is preferably less than 4 atomic%, more preferably less than 3 atomic%, from the viewpoint of improving adhesion durability.
- Sulfur contained in the first film 1 is derived from sulfur-containing components such as sulfate ion, sulfite ion, and phosphonic acid contained in the treatment liquid when the first film 1 is formed. Therefore, in order to make the S content in the film 1 in the above-described range, it is considered that an alkaline degreasing agent and an acid detergent containing sulfate or sulfuric acid are not used when the first film 1 is formed. . Alternatively, when an alkaline degreasing agent or acid detergent containing sulfate and / or sulfuric acid is used, it is considered that the oxide film is treated with an aqueous solution containing silicate before the second film 2 is formed. It is done. By applying these methods, the S content of the film 1 can be made less than 5 atomic%.
- components other than magnesium, silicon, copper, and sulfur contained in the film 1 are oxygen, aluminum, and inevitable impurities.
- the coating 1 preferably has an O content of 15 to 80 atomic% and an Al content of 15 to 80 atomic%.
- Inevitable impurities include C, N, Ca, Fe, Mn, Ti, Zn, and Ni. C is less than 10 atomic%, N is less than 15 atomic%, and other impurities are also 7 atomic%. If it is less, inclusion is permitted.
- the film thickness of the film 1 is preferably 1 to 30 nm.
- the ester component in the press oil used when producing a joined body or an automobile member from the rust preventive oil or the aluminum alloy plate 10 used when producing the substrate 3 Adsorption is suppressed. For this reason, even if it does not provide the membrane
- the film thickness of the film 1 exceeds 30 nm, the amount of the film becomes excessive and irregularities are easily formed on the surface. And when the unevenness
- the film thickness of the film 1 (oxide film) is more preferably 3 nm or more and less than 20 nm from the viewpoints of chemical conversion and productivity.
- the second film 2 may have a composition different from that of the first film 1, but is preferably a film having a siloxane bond from the viewpoint of adhesion durability.
- the second film 2 is preferably formed thinly and uniformly on the film 1, but may be applied in an island shape on the film 1.
- the coating amount of the coating 2 is preferably 0.1 mg / m 2 or more and less than 30 mg / m 2 .
- the coating amount of the coating 2 is more preferably less than 23 mg / m 2 , and further preferably less than 15 mg / m 2 .
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, when manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment, the substrate manufacturing step S1 and the first film forming step S2 are performed, and the second film forming step S3 is performed as necessary. . Hereinafter, each step will be described.
- Step S1 Substrate manufacturing process>
- the substrate 3 is manufactured by the following procedure, for example. First, an aluminum alloy having a predetermined composition is melted by continuous casting and cast to produce an ingot (melting casting process). Next, the produced ingot is subjected to homogenization heat treatment (homogenization heat treatment step). Thereafter, the ingot subjected to homogenization heat treatment is hot-rolled to produce a hot-rolled sheet (hot-rolling step).
- the hot-rolled sheet is subjected to rough annealing or intermediate annealing at 300 to 580 ° C., and is subjected to cold rolling at a final cold rolling rate of 5% or more at least once to obtain a cold-rolled sheet (substrate 3) having a predetermined thickness. ) Is obtained (cold rolling process).
- the temperature of rough annealing or intermediate annealing it is preferable to set the temperature of rough annealing or intermediate annealing to 300 ° C. or higher, and thereby the effect of improving formability is more exhibited.
- the temperature of rough annealing or intermediate annealing shall be 580 degrees C or less, and this becomes easy to suppress the fall of the moldability by generation
- the final cold rolling rate is preferably 5% or more, and thereby, the effect of improving the formability is more exhibited.
- the conditions of homogenization heat processing and hot rolling are not specifically limited, It can carry out on the conditions in the case of obtaining a hot rolled sheet normally. Further, intermediate annealing may not be performed.
- Step S2 First film formation step>
- the first film 1 made of an oxide film is formed on the front surface, the back surface, or both of the substrate 3 manufactured in the substrate manufacturing process in step S1. Specifically, after the oxide film is formed by heat-treating the substrate 3, the formed oxide film is surface-treated so that the Mg amount, the Si amount, the Cu amount, and the S amount are in specific ranges.
- the substrate 3 is heated to 400 to 580 ° C. to form an oxide film constituting the first film 1 on the surface of the substrate 3.
- the heat treatment also has an effect of adjusting the strength of the aluminum alloy plate 10.
- the heat treatment performed here is a solution treatment when the substrate 3 is formed of a heat-treatable aluminum alloy, and is annealed (final) when the substrate 3 is formed of a non-heat-treatable aluminum alloy. It is a heat treatment in annealing.
- This heat treatment is preferably rapid heating at a heating rate of 100 ° C./min or more from the viewpoint of improving the strength. Moreover, by setting the heating temperature to 400 ° C. or higher and rapidly heating, the strength of the aluminum alloy plate 10 and the strength after heating (baking) of the aluminum alloy plate 10 can be further increased. On the other hand, by setting the heating temperature to 580 ° C. or less and performing rapid heating, it is possible to suppress a decrease in formability due to the occurrence of burning. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving strength, the holding time in the heat treatment is preferably 3 to 30 seconds. Thus, when the substrate 3 is heated at a heating temperature of 400 to 580 ° C., an oxide film having a film thickness of 1 to 30 nm, for example, is formed on the surface of the substrate 3.
- the surface treatment of the oxide film formed by the above-described method is performed in order to set the Mg amount, Si amount, Cu amount and S amount of the first film 1 within a specific range.
- an alkaline solution containing acids or mixed acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, silicate or carbonate, Si, Zr, Ti, Hf, V, Nb, Ta .
- the oxide film formed on the surface of the substrate 3 is used.
- the adjustment of the amount of Mg, the adjustment of the amount of Si, and the adjustment of the amount of S in the first film 1 may be performed in one process, but each is performed individually. You can also. Specifically, after adjusting the amount of Mg by the above-described treatment, the oxide film can be treated with an aqueous solution containing silicate exceeding 0.1% by mass to adjust the amount of Si or S. .
- Step S3 Second film forming step>
- the second film 2 having a siloxane bond is formed.
- the second film 2 can be formed, for example, by using a silane coupling agent having a reactive functional group such as an amino group, an epoxy group, a methacryl group, a vinyl group, and a mercapto group.
- coat 2 is not limited to what was mentioned above, The silane coupling agent which has various functional groups can be selected suitably, and can be used. .
- the coating amount of the silane coupling agent from the viewpoint of the adhesion durability, coating amount after drying, per side, it is preferable to be 0.1 mg / m 2 or more 30 mg / m of less than 2.
- the coating amount of the coating 2 is, for example, by diluting the silane coupling agent with a solvent (including organic solvent as well as water) to reduce the solid content concentration and viscosity, or by applying the wet coating amount by the coater count. It can be easily controlled by adjusting.
- the application method of the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and an existing method can be applied. Specifically, a coating method by dipping, a method using various coating machines such as a roll coater, a bar coater, a gravure coater, a micro gravure coater, a reverse gravure coater, and a dip coater, a spray coating method, and the like can be applied.
- the material of the second film 2 is not limited to a material having a siloxane bond, and various materials can be selected and formed according to required characteristics.
- a film having no siloxane bond can be formed of zinc phosphate, metal oxide such as Ti oxide or Zr oxide, or organic phosphonic acid.
- ⁇ Other processes> In the manufacturing process of the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment, other processes may be included between or before and after each process as long as the processes described above are not adversely affected.
- This preliminary aging treatment is preferably performed by heating at 40 to 120 ° C. within 72 hours at a low temperature of 8 to 36 hours.
- pre-aging treatment By performing pre-aging treatment under these conditions, it is possible to improve moldability and strength after baking.
- a foreign matter removing step for removing foreign matter on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate 10 or a defective product removing step for removing defective products generated in each step may be performed.
- the manufactured aluminum alloy plate 10 is coated with press oil on the surface thereof before the fabrication of the joined body or before processing into the member for an automobile.
- the press oil one containing an ester component is mainly used.
- the method and conditions for applying the press oil to the aluminum alloy plate 10 are not particularly limited, and methods and conditions for applying a normal press oil can be widely applied.
- a press containing ethyl oleate as an ester component What is necessary is just to immerse the aluminum alloy plate 10 in oil.
- the ester component is not limited to ethyl oleate, and various materials such as butyl stearate and sorbitan monostearate can be used.
- the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the present embodiment includes an oxide film (film 1) containing a specific amount of magnesium, the elution of the aluminum alloy substrate 3 can be suppressed, and the surface of the substrate 3 associated therewith.
- the deterioration of the adhesive resin can be suppressed by suppressing the alkalinization.
- membrane 1 is controlled to less than 0.6 atomic%, and the amount of S is controlled to less than 5 atomic%. Therefore, the adhesion between the film 1 and the film 2 is improved. As a result, even when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment, interfacial peeling is suppressed, and a decrease in adhesive strength can be suppressed over a long period of time.
- the substrate 3 when the substrate 3 is formed of an alloy species having a relatively high Mg content, Mg is concentrated on the surface of the substrate 3 and a weak boundary layer is easily generated at the adhesion interface.
- the substrate 3 since the Mg amount of the first film 1 is controlled within a specific range, the substrate 3 is made of an Al—Mg alloy, an Al—Cu—Mg alloy, Even when formed of an Al—Mg—Si based alloy or an Al—Zn—Mg based alloy, it is possible to suppress interfacial delamination and suppress a decrease in adhesive strength.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 described above perform surface treatment using silicate
- the technique described in Patent Document 4 does not control the amount of Mg that affects the adhesion durability.
- the technique described in Patent Document 5 is weakly etchable, MgO removal is insufficient. Therefore, with these techniques, the effect of improving the adhesion durability as in the present invention cannot be obtained.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the aluminum alloy plate of this modification.
- the same components as those of the aluminum alloy plate 10 shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the aluminum alloy plate 11 of this modification is an adhesive made of an adhesive so as to cover the first film 1 and the second film 2 of the aluminum alloy plate of the first embodiment described above.
- An agent layer 4 is formed.
- the adhesive layer 4 is made of an adhesive, and the aluminum alloy plate 11 of the present modification is joined to another aluminum alloy plate via the adhesive layer 4.
- the adhesive which comprises the adhesive bond layer 4 is not specifically limited, The adhesive conventionally used when joining an aluminum alloy board, such as a thermosetting epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, and a urethane resin, is used. Can be used.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, and more preferably 50 to 400 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 is less than 10 ⁇ m, a high adhesion durability is obtained when the aluminum alloy plate 11 and an aluminum alloy plate not provided with another adhesive layer are joined via the adhesive layer 4. Sexuality may not be obtained.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 exceeds 500 ⁇ m, the adhesive strength may be reduced.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing the aluminum alloy plate 11 of this modification. As shown in FIG. 4, when the aluminum alloy plate 11 of the present modification is manufactured, an adhesive layer forming step S4 is performed in addition to the steps S1 to S3 described above.
- Step S4 Adhesive Layer Formation Step
- an adhesive layer 4 made of an adhesive is formed so as to cover the first film 1 and the second film 2.
- the method for forming the adhesive layer 4 is not particularly limited.
- the adhesive is a solid, after applying heat and pressure bonding, or dissolving it in a solvent to form a solution, Moreover, when the adhesive is in a liquid state, a method of spraying or coating the surfaces of the film 1 and the film 2 as they are can be mentioned.
- the aluminum alloy plate of the present modification since an adhesive layer is provided in advance, when producing a joined body or a member for an automobile, operations such as applying an adhesive to the surface of the aluminum alloy plate can be omitted. .
- the configuration and effects of the aluminum alloy plate of this modification other than those described above are the same as those in the first embodiment described above.
- the joined body of the present embodiment uses the aluminum alloy plate of the first embodiment described above or its modification.
- 5 to 8 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a configuration example of the joined body of this embodiment. 5 to 8, the same components as those of the aluminum alloy plates 10 and 11 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the first coating 1 and the second coating 2 are formed on the two aluminum alloy plates 10 shown in FIG. 1. It can be set as the structure arrange
- the adhesive 5 in the joined body of the present embodiment the same adhesive as that constituting the adhesive layer 4 described above can be used.
- the adhesive 5 can be a thermosetting epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or the like.
- the thickness of the adhesive 5 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 to 400 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of improving the adhesive strength.
- both surfaces of the adhesive 5 are the film 1 and the film 2 of the aluminum alloy plate 10 of the first embodiment. Even if it does, the adhesive strength of the interface of the adhesive agent 5 and the membrane
- the other aluminum alloy plate 6 on which the first film and the second film are not formed the same one as the substrate 3 described above can be used, and specifically, it is defined in JIS. Or various non-heat treatment type or heat treatment type aluminum alloys similar to JIS can be used.
- Examples of the resin molded body 7 include glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), boron fiber reinforced plastic (BFRP), aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP, KFRP), polyethylene fiber reinforced plastic (A fiber reinforced plastic molded body formed of various fiber reinforced plastics such as DFRP) and Zylon reinforced plastic (ZFRP) can be used. By using these fiber-reinforced plastic molded bodies, it is possible to reduce the weight of the joined body while maintaining a certain strength.
- GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
- CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
- BFRP boron fiber reinforced plastic
- AFRP aramid fiber reinforced plastic
- KFRP polyethylene fiber reinforced plastic
- a fiber reinforced plastic molded body formed of various fiber reinforced plastics such as DFRP
- ZFRP Zylon reinforced plastic
- the resin molded body 7 is made of polypropylene (PP), acrylic-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) resin, polyurethane (PU), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC). , Nylon 6, nylon 6,6, polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyphthalamide (PPA), etc. Not engineering plastics can be used.
- the joined bodies 21a and 21b shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B since one surface of the adhesive 5 is joined to the first film 1 or the second film 2 side, similarly to the above-described joined body 20, it is used for automobiles. When used for a member, even if it is exposed to a high temperature and humidity environment, it is not affected by the type of adhesive, and adhesion durability at the interface is improved. Moreover, since the joined body 21b shown to FIG. 6B has joined the aluminum alloy plate 10 and the resin molding 7, it is lightweight compared with the joined body of aluminum alloy plates, By using this joined body 21b, Further weight reduction of the automobile can be realized.
- the other configurations and effects of the joined bodies 21a and 21b shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B are the same as those of the joined body 20 shown in FIG.
- the film 1 and the film 2 of the aluminum alloy plate 10 are bonded to the adhesive layer 4 side of the aluminum alloy plate 11.
- the film 1 or the film 2 of the two aluminum alloy plates 10 and 11 are arranged so as to face each other through the adhesive layer 4 of the aluminum alloy plate 11.
- the first film and the first film are formed on the adhesive layer 4 side of the aluminum alloy plate 11 provided with the adhesive layer 4 shown in FIG. It can also be set as the structure which joined resin moldings 7, such as the other aluminum alloy plate 6 in which the membrane
- the joined bodies 23a and 23b since one surface of the adhesive layer 4 is joined to the film 1 and the film 2 side, when the joined body 23 is used for a member for an automobile as in the above-described joined body 20, it is wet at high temperature. Even if exposed to the environment, the adhesion durability at the interface is improved without being affected by the type of adhesive.
- the joined body 23b shown in FIG. 8B joins the aluminum alloy plate 10 and the resin molded body 7, it is lighter than the joined body of aluminum alloy plates, and an automobile that is required to be lighter. It is suitable for a vehicle member.
- the structures and effects of the joined bodies 23a and 23b shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B other than those described above are the same as those of the joined body 20 shown in FIG.
- a manufacturing method of the joined bodies 20 to 23 particularly a joining method, a conventionally known joining method can be used.
- the method of applying the adhesive 5 to the aluminum alloy plate is not particularly limited.
- an adhesive member prepared in advance with the adhesive 5 may be used, or the adhesive 5 may be bonded to the siloxane bond. You may form by spraying or apply
- the bonded bodies 20 to 23 may be coated with press oil on their surfaces before being processed into automobile members, like the aluminum alloy plates 10 and 11.
- the joined body of this embodiment is composed of an aluminum alloy plate in which a specific amount of a second film having a siloxane bond is formed on a first film made of an oxide film containing a specific amount of Mg.
- An adhesive or an adhesive layer is bonded to the first film and the second film.
- the joined body of this embodiment can suppress the cohesive failure in a film
- the member for motor vehicles of this embodiment uses the joined object of a 2nd embodiment mentioned above, for example, is a panel for motor vehicles.
- the manufacturing method of the automobile member of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, but a conventionally known manufacturing method can be applied.
- the joined members 20 to 23 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 are cut or pressed to produce a predetermined-shaped automobile member.
- the automobile member according to the present embodiment is manufactured from the joined body according to the second embodiment described above, the adhesive or the adhesive layer and the oxide film (first film) even when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment. Elution of the aluminum alloy substrate can also be suppressed without being substantially affected by the hydration. As a result, in the automotive member of this embodiment, it is possible to suppress interfacial peeling when exposed to a high-temperature and humid environment, and to suppress a decrease in adhesive strength.
- an aluminum alloy plate was produced by the following method and conditions, and its adhesion durability and the like were evaluated.
- the substrate was pretreated with an alkaline degreasing agent adjusted to pH 10 or higher, a pickling solution containing sulfuric acid at pH 2 or lower, and an aqueous solution containing 1% by mass or more of sodium silicate.
- the treatment time and the treatment temperature were appropriately adjusted.
- it was washed with water within 5 minutes and dried within 5 minutes after washing with water to form an aluminum oxide film having a film thickness of less than 20 nm as the first film.
- the silane coupling agent containing an amino group is diluted with pure water, and the second coating is formed by controlling the coating amount after drying by changing the dilution rate and the count of the bar coater. No. Aluminum alloy plates 1 to 8 were produced. In addition, drying after application
- Example No. 9 Except for increasing the coating amount of the second coating, the aforementioned No. In the same manner as in Examples 1 to 8, Example No. 9 aluminum alloy plates were produced.
- the amount of each component in the first film is determined in accordance with the high-frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES: model JY-5000RF manufactured by Horiba Joban Yvon) in the film thickness direction in the direction of film thickness.
- GD-OES high-frequency glow discharge optical emission spectrometry
- metal elements such as aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and titanium (Ti), silicon (Si) and sulfur ( S) etc. were measured.
- the amount of the second film having a siloxane bond was measured by fluorescent X-ray. Specifically, the amount of silicon in the composite film of the first film and the second film was quantified by fluorescent X-ray, and the calculation was performed by converting the intensity of the fluorescent X-ray and the amount of the film using a calibration curve. .
- 9A and 9B are diagrams schematically showing a method of measuring the cohesive failure rate
- FIG. 9A is a side view
- FIG. 9B is a plan view.
- the adhesive 35 used here is a thermosetting epoxy resin adhesive (bisphenol A type epoxy resin amount 40 to 50 mass%).
- the produced adhesion test specimen was held in a high temperature and humidity environment of 50 ° C. and a relative humidity of 95% for 30 days, and then pulled at a rate of 50 mm / min with a tensile tester, and the cohesive failure rate of the adhesive at the bonded portion was evaluated.
- the cohesive failure rate was calculated based on Equation 1 below.
- the test specimen a was used as one side after the tension of the adhesion test specimen, and the test specimen b was used as the other.
- the cohesive failure rate was the average value of the three samples. Further, the evaluation criteria are that the cohesive failure rate is less than 70% as bad (x), 70% or more and less than 80% as good ( ⁇ ), 80% or more and less than 90% as good ( ⁇ ), and 90% or more is excellent. ( ⁇ ), 95% or more was particularly excellent ( ⁇ ), and 70% or more was acceptable.
- the Mg amount, Si amount, Cu amount or S amount in the first film is out of the scope of the present invention.
- the aluminum alloy plates of 10 to 13 had poor adhesion durability in a wet environment. In contrast, no.
- the aluminum alloy sheets 1 to 9 had a good cohesive failure rate (adhesion durability) because each item was within the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
更に、温水処理を行う方法も、アルミニウム合金板の素地と接着剤層は水素結合で結合されているため、高温湿潤環境に曝されると界面の水和より、界面の劣化が進み、界面剥離が発生し、接着強度が低下する。
ここで、前記第1の皮膜中のMg量、Si量、Cu量及びS量は、高周波グロー放電発光分光分析法(GD-OES:Glow Discharge-Optical Emission Spectroscopy)により測定した値である。
前記第1の皮膜の少なくとも一部に、前記第1の皮膜とは組成が異なる第2の皮膜が形成されていてもよい。
その場合、前記第2の皮膜はシロキサン結合を有していてもよい。
また、前記第2の皮膜の皮膜量は、例えば0.1mg/m2以上30mg/m2未満である。
本発明のアルミニウム合金板は、前記第2の皮膜が形成されている側の面の最表面に接着剤からなる接着剤層が形成されていてもよい。
一方、前記アルミニウム合金基板は、例えば、Al-Mg系合金、Al-Cu-Mg系合金、Al-Mg-Si系合金又はAl-Zn-Mg系合金で形成することができる。
本発明の接合体は、例えば、前述した第2の皮膜を備えるアルミニウム合金板同士を、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面が対向するように配置し、接着剤を介して接合した構成とすることができる。
又は、前述した第2の皮膜を備えるアルミニウム合金板の前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面に、接着剤を介して、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されていない他のアルミニウム合金板又は樹脂成形体を接合した構成とすることもできる。
又は、前述した接着剤層を備えるアルミニウム合金板と、前述した接着剤層を備えないアルミニウム合金板とを、前記接着剤層が形成されている面と、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面とが対向するように配置し、前記接着剤層を介して接合した構成にしてもよい。
又は、前述した第2の皮膜を備えるアルミニウム合金板の前記接着剤層が形成されている面に、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されていない他のアルミニウム合金板又は樹脂成形体を接合した構成にすることもできる。
先ず、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るアルミニウム合金板について説明する。図1は本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。図1に示すように、本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板10は、アルミニウム合金基板3の少なくとも一方の面に酸化皮膜からなる第1の皮膜1(以下、皮膜1ともいう)が形成されており、更に必要に応じて第1の皮膜1の少なくとも一部に第1の皮膜1とは組成が異なる第2の皮膜2(以下、皮膜2ともいう)が形成されている。
基板3は、アルミニウム合金からなる。基板3を形成するアルミニウム合金の種類は、特に限定されるものではなく、加工される部材の用途に応じて、JISに規定される又はJISに近似する種々の非熱処理型若しくは熱処理型のアルミニウム合金から適宜選択して使用することができる。ここで、非熱処理型アルミニウム合金としては、純アルミニウム(1000系)、Al-Mn系合金(3000系)、Al-Si系合金(4000系)及びAl-Mg系合金(5000系)がある。また、熱処理型アルミニウム合金としては、Al-Cu-Mg系合金(2000系)、Al-Mg-Si系合金(6000系)及びAl-Zn-Mg系合金(7000系)がある。
皮膜1は、Mgを0.1原子%以上30原子%未満及びSiを5原子%以上40原子%以下含有すると共に、Cuが0.6原子%未満及びSが5原子%未満に規制された酸化皮膜(酸化アルミニウム皮膜)である。この皮膜1は、高温湿潤環境に曝された場合の接着耐久性の向上を図るために設けられている。以下、皮膜1に含まれる各成分の数値限定理由について説明する。
アルミニウム合金板の基板を構成するアルミニウム合金には、通常、合金成分としてマグネシウムが含まれており、このような基板3の表面にアルミニウムとマグネシウムの複合酸化物である酸化皮膜を形成すると、表面にマグネシウムが濃化した状態で存在することとなる。このため、酸化皮膜上に接着剤層を形成すると、表面のマグネシウムが接着界面の弱境界層となり、初期の接着性が低下する。
シリコンは、ケイ酸塩の形態で存在し、第1の皮膜1の表面を安定化させる効果があり、更に、第2の皮膜2がシロキサン結合を有する皮膜である場合は、第2の皮膜との密着性を向上させる効果もある。このため、第1の皮膜1にシリコンを含有させることにより、接着耐久性を高めることが可能となる。
第1の皮膜1を形成する際に基板3に対して脱脂工程や酸洗工程などにより過剰なエッチングを行うと、基板3に含まれるCuが表面に濃化し、第1の皮膜1のCu含有量が増加する。第1の皮膜1の表面にCuが存在すると、第2の皮膜2との密着力が低下する。そして、この第1の皮膜1に含まれるCuに起因する密着力の低下は、第2の皮膜2がシロキサン結合を有する皮膜である場合に特に顕著である。
硫黄が第1の皮膜1の表面に存在すると、第2の皮膜2との結合性を阻害し、接着耐久性の低下を招く。この硫黄に起因する接着耐久性の低下は、第2の皮膜2がシロキサン結合を有する皮膜である場合に特に顕著である。具体的には、皮膜1中のS含有量が5原子%以上であると十分な接着耐久性が得られないため、皮膜1のS含有量は5原子%未満に規制する。この皮膜1におけるS含有量は接着耐久性向上の観点から、4原子%未満であることが好ましく、より好ましくは3原子%未満である。
ここで、皮膜1に含有されるマグネシウム、シリコン、銅及び硫黄以外の成分は、酸素、アルミニウム及び不可避的不純物である。皮膜1におけるO含有量は15~80原子%、Al含有量は15~80原子%であることが好ましい。また、不可避的不純物としては、C、N、Ca、Fe、Mn、Ti、Zn及びNiなどが挙げられ、Cは10原子%未満、Nは15原子%未満、その他の不純物についても7原子%未満であれば、含有が許容される。
皮膜1(酸化皮膜)の膜厚は、1~30nmであることが好ましい。皮膜1の膜厚が1nm未満の場合、基板3を作製する際に使用される防錆油やアルミニウム合金板10から接合体又は自動車用部材を製造する際に使用されるプレス油中のエステル成分の吸着が抑制される。このため、皮膜1(酸化皮膜)を設けなくても、アルミニウム合金板10の脱脂性、化成処理性及び接着耐久性を確保することができる。しかしながら、皮膜1の膜厚を1nm未満に制御するには、過度の酸洗浄などが必要となるため、生産性が劣り、実用性が低下しやすい。また、過剰な酸洗は基板3に含有されるCuが表面濃化する原因となり、接着耐久性の低下の原因となる。
第2の皮膜2は、第1の皮膜1と異なる組成であればよいが、接着耐久性の観点から、シロキサン結合を有する皮膜であることが好ましい。また、第2の皮膜2は、皮膜1上に薄く均一に形成されていることが好ましいが、皮膜1上に島状に塗布されてもよい。
次に、本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板の製造方法について説明する。図2は本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板10の製造方法を示すフローチャート図である。図2に示すように、本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板10を製造する際は、基板作製工程S1と、第1皮膜形成工程S2とを行い、必要に応じて、第2皮膜形成工程S3を行う。以下、各工程について説明する。
基板作製工程S1では、例えば下記の手順で、基板3を作製する。先ず、所定の組成を有するアルミニウム合金を、連続鋳造により溶解し、鋳造して鋳塊を作製する(溶解鋳造工程)。次に、作製した鋳塊に均質化熱処理を施す(均質化熱処理工程)。その後、均質化熱処理された鋳塊に、熱間圧延を施して熱延板を作製する(熱間圧延工程)。そして、この熱延板に300~580℃で荒焼鈍又は中間焼鈍を行い、最終冷間圧延率5%以上の冷間圧延を少なくとも1回施して、所定の板厚の冷延板(基板3)を得る(冷間圧延工程)。
第1皮膜形成工程では、ステップS1の基板作製工程で作製された基板3の表面若しくは裏面又はその両方に、酸化皮膜からなる第1の皮膜1を形成する。具体的には、基板3を加熱処理して酸化皮膜を形成した後、Mg量、Si量、Cu量及びS量が特定の範囲になるように、形成された酸化皮膜を表面処理する。
ステップS3では、第2皮膜形成工程として、例えばシロキサン結合を有する第2の皮膜2を形成する。この第2の皮膜2は、例えば、アミノ基、エポキシ基、メタクリル基、ビニル基及びメルカプト基などの反応性官能基をもつシランカップリング剤を使用することにより、形成することができる。なお、第2の皮膜2を形成するシランカップリング剤の官能基は、前述したものに限定されるものではなく、各種官能基を有するシランカップリング剤を、適宜選択して使用することができる。
本実施形態のアルミニウム合金板10の製造工程では、前述した各工程に悪影響を与えない範囲において、各工程の間又は前後に、他の工程を含めてもよい。例えば、第2皮膜形成工程S3後に、予備時効処理を施す予備時効処理工程を設けてもよい。この予備時効処理は、72時間以内に40~120℃で、8~36時間の低温加熱することにより行うことが好ましい。この条件で予備時効処理することにより、成形性及びベーキング後の強度向上を図ることができる。その他に、例えばアルミニウム合金板10の板表面の異物を除去する異物除去工程や、各工程で発生した不良品を除去する不良品除去工程などを行ってもよい。
次に、本発明の第1の実施形態の変形例に係るアルミニウム合金板について説明する。図3は本変形例のアルミニウム合金板の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、図3においては、図1に示すアルミニウム合金板10の構成要素と同じものには同じ符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。図3に示すように、本変形例のアルミニウム合金板11は、前述した第1の実施形態のアルミニウム合金板の第1の皮膜1及び第2の皮膜2を覆うように、接着剤からなる接着剤層4が形成されている。
接着剤層4は、接着剤からなり、本変形例のアルミニウム合金板11は、この接着剤層4を介して他のアルミニウム合金板と接合される。接着剤層4を構成する接着剤は、特に限定されるものではなく、熱硬化型のエポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂及びウレタン樹脂など、従来からアルミニウム合金板を接合する際に用いられてきた接着剤を用いることができる。
次に、本変形例のアルミニウム合金板11の製造方法について説明する。図4は本変形例のアルミニウム合金板11の製造方法を示すフローチャート図である。図4に示すように、本変形例のアルミニウム合金板11を製造する際は、前述したステップS1~S3に加えて、接着剤層形成工程S4を行う。
接着剤層形成工程S4では、第1の皮膜1及び第2の皮膜2を覆うように、接着剤からなる接着剤層4を形成する。接着剤層4の形成方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、接着剤が固体である場合には、熱を加えて圧着したり、これを溶剤に溶解させて溶液とした後に、また、接着剤が液状である場合にはそのまま、皮膜1及び皮膜2の表面に噴霧したり塗布する方法が挙げられる。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る接合体について説明する。本実施形態の接合体は、前述した第1の実施形態又はその変形例のアルミニウム合金板を用いたものである。図5~8は本実施形態の接合体の構成例を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、図5~8においては、図1,3に示すアルミニウム合金板10,11の構成要素と同じものには同じ符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
本実施形態の接合体は、例えば、図5に示す接合体20のように、図1に示す2枚のアルミニウム合金板10を、第1の皮膜1及び第2の皮膜2が形成されている面同士が対向するように配置し、接着剤5を介して接合した構成とすることができる。即ち、接合体20では、接着剤5は、一面が一方のアルミニウム合金板10の皮膜2側に接合され、その他面が他方のアルミニウム合金板10の皮膜2側に接合されている。
前述した接合体20~23の製造方法、特に接合方法は、従来公知の接合方法を用いることができる。そして、接着剤5をアルミニウム合金板に塗布などする方法は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、予め接着剤5によって作製した接着部材を用いてもよいし、接着剤5をシロキサン結合を有する皮膜2の表面に噴霧または塗布することによって形成してもよい。なお、接合体20~23は、アルミニウム合金板10,11と同様に、自動車用部材への加工前に、その表面にプレス油を塗布してもよい。
次に、本発明の第3の実施形態に係る自動車用部材について説明する。本実施形態の自動車用部材は、前述した第2の実施形態の接合体を用いたものであり、例えば、自動車用パネルなどである。
JIS 6016(Mg:0.54質量%、Si:1.11質量%、Cu:0.14質量%)の6000系アルミニウム合金を用いて、前述した方法により板厚1mmのアルミニウム合金冷延板を作製した。そして、この冷延板を長さ100mm、幅25mmに切断して基板とした。次に、この基板をアルカリ脱脂した後、実体到達温度550℃まで加熱処理し、冷却した。
第2の皮膜の皮膜量を多くした以外は、前述したNo.1~8と同様の方法で、実施例No.9のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
シランカップリング剤による処理を行わず、それ以外は前述したNo.9と同様の方法で、第2の皮膜を備えない比較例のNo.10のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
酸洗浄を行わずに、ケイ酸塩を含む弱アルカリ溶液(pH9.5)のみで酸化皮膜を処理した後、シランカップリング剤の処理を行った以外は、前述したNo.9と同様の方法で、比較例のNo.11のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
ケイ酸ナトリウム濃度が0.1質量%以下である溶液で処理した後、シランカップリング剤の処理を行った以外は、前述したNo.9と同様の方法で、比較例のNo.12のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
第1の皮膜処理形成時の処理液に硫酸ナトリウムを添加した以外は、前述したNo.13と同様の方法で、比較例のNo.12のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
第1の皮膜形成時に、エッチングの時間を延長して過剰に行った以外は、前述したNo.9と同様の方法で、比較例のNo.14のアルミニウム合金板を作製した。
第1の皮膜中の各成分量は、高周波グロー放電発光分光分析法(GD-OES:ホリバ・ジョバンイボン社製 型式JY-5000RF)により膜厚方向に、酸素(O)、窒素(N)及び炭素(C)を除く各元素、具体的には、アルミニウム(Al)、マグネシウム(Mg)、銅(Cu)、鉄(Fe)及びチタン(Ti)などの金属元素、ケイ素(Si)及び硫黄(S)などを測定した。
シロキサン結合を有する第2の皮膜の皮膜量は、蛍光X線によって測定した。具体的には、蛍光X線によって第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜の複合皮膜中のシリコンを定量し、校正曲線を用いて、蛍光X線の強度と皮膜量の換算を行うことにより算出した。
図9A及び図9Bは凝集破壊率の測定方法を模式的に示す図であり、図9Aは側面図であり、図9Bは平面図である。図9A及び図9Bに示すように、構成が同じ2枚の供試材31a,31b(25mm幅)の端部を、熱硬化型エポキシ樹脂系接着剤によりラップ長13mm(接着面積:25mm×13mm)となるように重ね合わせ貼り付けた。ここで用いた接着剤35は熱硬化型エポキシ樹脂系接着剤(ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂量40~50質量%)である。
なお、本出願は、2014年2月21日付けで出願された日本特許出願(特願2014-031763)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。
2 第2の皮膜
3 基板
4 接着剤層
5、35 接着剤
6、10、11 アルミニウム合金板
7 樹脂成形体
20、21a、21b、22、23a、23b 接合体
31a、31b 供試材
Claims (16)
- アルミニウム合金基板と、
前記アルミニウム合金基板の少なくとも一方の面に形成され、Mgを0.1原子%以上30原子%未満及びSiを5原子%以上40原子%以下含有すると共に、Cuが0.6原子%未満及びSが5原子%未満に規制された酸化皮膜からなる第1の皮膜と
を備えるアルミニウム合金板。 - 前記第1の皮膜の少なくとも一部に、前記第1の皮膜とは組成が異なる第2の皮膜が形成されている請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金板。
- 前記第2の皮膜はシロキサン結合を有する請求項2に記載のアルミニウム合金板。
- 前記第2の皮膜の皮膜量が0.1mg/m2以上30mg/m2未満である請求項2に記載のアルミニウム合金板。
- 前記第2の皮膜が形成されている側の面の最表面に接着剤からなる接着剤層が形成されている請求項2に記載のアルミニウム合金板。
- 前記アルミニウム合金基板は、Al-Mg系合金、Al-Cu-Mg系合金、Al-Mg-Si系合金又はAl-Zn-Mg系合金からなる請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金板。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金板を用いた接合体。
- 請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金板同士が、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面が対向するように配置され、接着剤を介して接合されている請求項7に記載の接合体。
- 請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金板の前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面に、接着剤を介して、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されていない他のアルミニウム合金板又は樹脂成形体が接合されている請求項7に記載の接合体。
- 請求項5に記載のアルミニウム合金板と、請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金板とが、前記接着剤層が形成されている面と、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されている面とが対向するように配置され、前記接着剤層を介して接合されている請求項7に記載の接合体。
- 請求項5に記載のアルミニウム合金板の前記接着剤層が形成されている面に、前記第1の皮膜及び第2の皮膜が形成されていない他のアルミニウム合金板又は樹脂成形体が接合されている請求項7に記載の接合体。
- 請求項7に記載の接合体を用いて製造された自動車用部材。
- 請求項8に記載の接合体を用いて製造された自動車用部材。
- 請求項9に記載の接合体を用いて製造された自動車用部材。
- 請求項10に記載の接合体を用いて製造された自動車用部材。
- 請求項11に記載の接合体を用いて製造された自動車用部材。
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| CN201580008854.7A CN106029950B (zh) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-02-19 | 铝合金板、接合体和汽车用构件 |
| KR1020167022498A KR20160111449A (ko) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-02-19 | 알루미늄 합금판, 접합체 및 자동차용 부재 |
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| WO2017195808A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材、接合体、及びアルミニウム合金材の製造方法 |
| JP2017203185A (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材の製造方法、アルミニウム合金材、及び接合体 |
| WO2017195811A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材、アルミニウム合金材の製造方法、及び接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材の製造方法 |
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| WO2017038573A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接合体、自動車用部材、アルミニウム合金材の製造方法及び接合体の製造方法 |
| MX2019010021A (es) | 2017-03-06 | 2019-10-15 | Arconic Inc | Metodos para preparar aleaciones de aluminio 7xxx para uniones adhesivas, y productos relacionados a estas. |
| KR102584734B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-21 | 2023-10-10 | 노벨리스 인크. | 향상된 결합 내구성을 갖는 알루미늄 합금 물품, 불활성 표면 알루미늄 합금 물품, 및 이를 제조하고 사용하는 방법 |
| MX2022011453A (es) * | 2020-03-18 | 2022-10-03 | Novelis Inc | Articulos de una aleacion de aluminio que exhiben una durabilidad de la adherencia mejorada y metodos para hacer los mismos. |
| CN118703847B (zh) * | 2024-08-29 | 2024-12-17 | 山东海化集团有限公司 | 一种可再生免热处理一体化压铸铝合金及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017195808A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材、接合体、及びアルミニウム合金材の製造方法 |
| JP2017203185A (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材の製造方法、アルミニウム合金材、及び接合体 |
| WO2017195806A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材の製造方法、アルミニウム合金材、及び接合体 |
| WO2017195811A1 (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材、アルミニウム合金材の製造方法、及び接着樹脂層付きアルミニウム合金材の製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2015157967A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
| KR20160111449A (ko) | 2016-09-26 |
| CN106029950B (zh) | 2019-01-08 |
| EP3109343A1 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
| EP3109343A4 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
| CN106029950A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
| US20170066220A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
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