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WO2015197469A1 - Procédé et outil de formage à chaud et pièce correspondante - Google Patents

Procédé et outil de formage à chaud et pièce correspondante Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015197469A1
WO2015197469A1 PCT/EP2015/063747 EP2015063747W WO2015197469A1 WO 2015197469 A1 WO2015197469 A1 WO 2015197469A1 EP 2015063747 W EP2015063747 W EP 2015063747W WO 2015197469 A1 WO2015197469 A1 WO 2015197469A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
tool component
workpiece
forming
die
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/063747
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David Pieronek
Markus ZÖRNACK
Stéphane GRAFF
Sascha Sikora
Christian Müller
Arndt MARX
Jürgen Petry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG, ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp System Engineering GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Priority to MX2016017267A priority Critical patent/MX378173B/es
Priority to EP15729852.2A priority patent/EP3160667B1/fr
Priority to ES15729852T priority patent/ES2763101T3/es
Priority to CN201580034702.4A priority patent/CN107000018B/zh
Publication of WO2015197469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015197469A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for hot forming and in particular partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a board, made of sheet steel, in which the workpiece is heated before forming, in which then the heated workpiece in a forming tool, the two tool components in the form of a die and a stamp, is thermoformed by contact with both tool components hot, and in which then the formed workpiece is at least partially directly exposed to a surrounding the forming tool gas and thereby cooled.
  • the invention relates to a forming tool for hot forming and in particular partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a board made of sheet steel, in particular for carrying out the method defined above, with two
  • Tool components in the form of a die and a punch, between which the workpiece can be arranged and which are movable relative to each other.
  • the invention relates to a workpiece, in particular a wheel rim for a vehicle rim, which / is produced by the method according to the invention.
  • a vehicle wheel is a safety component and must therefore be high mechanical
  • Steel wheels consist of a wheel disc, which ensures the connection to the wheel hub, and a rim tape for tire receiving, which is circumferentially connected to the wheel rim.
  • the wheeled dishes are nowadays manufactured on step presses with up to eleven steps. Almost exclusively microalloyed and dual-phase steels with a strength of 400 to 600 MPa are used.
  • the weight plays an essential role, which affects the material costs, unsprung masses, rotationally moving masses and fuel consumption.
  • the foregoing also applies to a large number of other components, in particular cyclically stressed components, preferably in the chassis area.
  • the present invention therefore relates to the manufacture of any components.
  • the production of a wheel dish is therefore only mentioned as an example in the following.
  • Hot forming can meet the requirement for high formability and high strength of the resulting components.
  • Forming processes which involve involving a prior heat treatment of the workpiece, for example in a separate oven, are well known in the art.
  • the hot forming and press hardening is known here.
  • the wheel is designed to load and therefore in the areas (zones) specific properties or in the component
  • Ultrahigh-strength steels for producing press-hardened components take place, for example, in that the workpiece is brought to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature and the immediately subsequent forming is carried out in a forming tool which is equipped in at least one area with a heater for locally setting a softer microstructure.
  • Partial press-hardening is based on the principle that the workpiece previously heated to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature is strongly cooled in the forming tool with the exception of one or more individual regions, in particular using a cooling device in the form of cooling channels in the die and the punch of the forming tool. Due to the rapid cooling, the microstructure at these points is completely converted into martensite and thus fully press-hardened. In the other areas of the workpiece is by the heater a much slower
  • Cooling of the structure allows, whereby the structure in these areas is not completely converted into martensite, that is not completely press-hardened.
  • a corresponding method for hot forming and a corresponding forming tool is known for example from DE 10 2006 019 395 A1.
  • Forming tool for partial press hardening of a workpiece known, which is based on the principle after compression of the punch and die directly a moving punch member and an opposite die part to move apart again, so for the cooling process, a corresponding portion of the formed workpiece not with the tool components (die , Stamp) is in contact, but the ambient air is exposed.
  • the formed workpiece is slowly cooled on both sides slowly over the air, whereas the adjacent portions, which are still in contact with the tool components in the compressed state, are rapidly cooled by means of cooling means in the form of cooling channels in the die and die ,
  • the rapid cooling also leads here to a complete transformation of the microstructure into martensite.
  • the slowly cooled areas of the workpiece are not fully converted into martensite.
  • the object is achieved in a method for hot forming and partial press hardening of a workpiece, in particular a blank, of sheet steel, in which the workpiece is heated prior to forming (until the autenitic state is reached), in which then the heated workpiece in a forming tool, the having two tool components in the form of a die and a punch, by contact with both
  • Tool components is hot formed, and in which then the formed workpiece at least partially a surrounding the forming tool gas, in particular air, preferably ambient air, is directly exposed and thereby cooled, thereby achieved that after forming at least one
  • a surrounding the forming tool gas in particular air, preferably ambient air
  • Tool component facing side of the formed workpiece is moved away, while facing away from this tool component side of the deformed
  • At least one tool component part means that, on the one hand, one or more tool component parts of the one tool component, for example the punch, are moved away from the formed workpiece while the other one or the other Parts (tool component parts) of this tool component are not moved away, so stay in contact with the formed workpiece.
  • the entire tool component for example the entire punch
  • the respective other tool component for example, the die
  • the respective other tool component for example, the die
  • Hot forming and partial (but not complete) press-hardening takes place, whereby zone-specific microstructural properties are created in the workpiece, which result in high fatigue strength and low weight.
  • at least one unilateral tool cooling takes place in the entire workpiece, wherein in sections a double-sided tool cooling is also conceivable. In the case of a one-sided tool cooling only, there is no global, ie over the entire workpiece
  • the invention proposes in one embodiment that the forming tool has a cooling device and, during cooling of the formed workpiece at least a first portion of the formed workpiece in contact with both
  • Tool components remains and is cooled by means of the cooling device and at the same time at least a second portion of the formed workpiece to the
  • Umformwerkmaschinetician surrounding gas is exposed directly and thereby slower than the at least one first section is cooled. Slower means that the
  • Heat transfer between the formed workpiece and the surrounding gas, such as ambient air, is less than the heat transfer upon contact with the cooled tool component (s).
  • the movable tool component part of the one tool component is moved away from the side of the at least one second section of the formed workpiece facing this tool component, while the side of the at least one second portion of the formed workpiece remote from this tool component remains in contact with the respective other tool component.
  • the tool component is with the movable
  • Tool component defined tool component is the die in this case.
  • the reverse case namely that the die is formed in several parts and has a movable tool component part, whereas then the stamp remains after forming for cooling on the corresponding side with the workpiece in contact.
  • the tool components are both not formed in several parts, that is not have as defined previously movable tool components, in particular conceivable that the tool component, which is completely moved away from the tool component side facing the formed workpiece, the punch is and the other tool component is the die.
  • the reverse case is also conceivable here, namely that the die is the tool component part which is moved away from the workpiece after forming, while the punch is the tool component part which remains on the workpiece.
  • the deformed workpiece or the at least one second section on the side which is remote from the tool component with the movable tool component part, that is in contact with the respective other tool component is not cooled by means of the cooling device.
  • the at least one first section is cooled on both sides by means of the cooling device, that is to say both on the side which the Tool component facing the movable tool component part, as well as on the side facing away from this tool component.
  • a liquid coolant for example oil, water, ice water, saline solution
  • a liquid coolant for example oil, water, ice water, saline solution
  • the tool component which remains in contact with the at least one second section of the workpiece after forming, should also have a cooling function in the tool component section adjacent to the second section.
  • this is
  • Tool component portion which is adjacent to the second portion of the workpiece, but free of cooling channels.
  • These sheet thicknesses are in the chassis area such as in the manufacture of a wheel for a
  • Vehicle rim used The relatively large strengths are particularly advantageous because the heat introduced, for example, in a the forming tool
  • heat introduced in front of the oven can be stored for a particularly long time in thick metal sheets, so that a one-sided tool contact for heat dissipation and the
  • Tempering hardening
  • the workpiece made of sheet steel may have a uniform thickness and be monolithic. Are also conceivable
  • Tailored Products tailor-made sheet steel semi-finished products, such as tailored blanks, tailored strips, tailored rolled blanks, steel sandwich materials or combinations thereof.
  • the workpiece is formed into a wheel rim for a vehicle rim, wherein the wheel flange of the wheel is cooled by the direct contact with the gas surrounding the forming (relatively slow), while the entire remaining part of the wheel by means of the
  • Cooling device (relatively fast) is cooled.
  • wheel flange is meant the area of the wheel disc, which is circumferentially provided with the bores for the wheel bolts.
  • the production of the wheel disc is only an example here mentioned. In principle, however, the method according to the invention can also be applied to the production of other components.
  • the gas surrounding the forming tool has a temperature in a range of 20 to 30 ° C, in particular a temperature in a range of 22 to 26 ° C, and in particular is air.
  • a temperature in a range of 20 to 30 ° C in particular a temperature in a range of 22 to 26 ° C
  • air in particular is air.
  • the workpiece is heated to a temperature in a range of 750 ° C to 1000 ° C before forming and / or after the
  • Forming is cooled in the first section with a cooling rate in a range of 25 to 35 K / s.
  • the object is further according to another teaching of the present invention in a forming tool for hot forming a workpiece, in particular a board made of sheet steel, in particular for carrying out the method defined above, with two tool components in the form of a die and a punch, between which the workpiece can be arranged is and which are movable relative to each other, achieved in that the one of the tool components has a relative to the rest of the tool component movable tool component part, which is moved away in the compressed state of the two tool components of the other of the tool components.
  • the tool component which has a tool component part that is movable relative to the rest of the tool component, in particular the stamp, wherein the respective other tool component is then the die.
  • the die has a relative to the rest of the die moving part.
  • the movable tool component parts can also have any shape.
  • the tool component part is formed annularly around a central axis which is parallel to the direction of movement of
  • Tool component runs with the movable tool component part.
  • the direction of movement is in particular the direction in which the punch is moved towards the die (pressing direction).
  • the center axis of the movable tool component part extends in this direction.
  • Tool component part is particularly suitable for producing in the production of the above-mentioned wheel by cooling zone-specific microstructural properties, namely an incomplete transformation into martensite, especially in the region of the wheel flange (the holes for the wheel bolts).
  • the forming tool further comprises a cooling device, in particular a cooling device formed by cooling channels in the die and / or in the stamp, wherein the movable
  • Tool component part is not connected to the cooling device and in particular is free of cooling channels.
  • Wheel rim for a vehicle rim made by the previously defined method.
  • Steel materials with high material strength with a tensile strength of, for example, more than 800 MPa or high matensite content can fail just under cyclic load at high stress peaks, which occur for example at holes, notches or machined edges early, so that the high material strength is not on the
  • the workpiece or the wheel disc according to the invention produced by the method according to the invention or the device according to the invention is not completely press-hardened in the heavily loaded areas, such as the wheel flange, which rests on the wheel hub on the vehicle side.
  • the complete wheel disc can not be completely press-hardened and thus the structure of the entire component is not completely homogeneous in martensite
  • Fig. 1 a shows a forming tool 2 with a first in the open state
  • the die 3 is fixed here and the punch 4 can be moved for the purpose of forming the workpiece 1 in its entirety on the die 3 until the punch 4th the corresponding shape or depression in the die 3 fills.
  • the latter state is shown in Fig. 1 b), whereby up to a
  • austenitic state heated workpiece 1 receives the shape of the wheel dish. This state is also referred to as a compressed state of the tool components 3 and 4.
  • the punch 4 is formed substantially in three parts, namely with an outer circumferential tool component part 4.2, arranged therein, also circumferential tool component part 4.1, which is annular, and in turn arranged therein another Tool component part 4.3.
  • the annular tool component part 4.1 also referred to as a stamp part, is movably mounted relative to the other tool component parts 4.2 and 4.3, ie relative to the rest of the stamp, and can be moved independently of the rest of the stamp against the direction of movement or pressing direction X, as shown in Fig. 1 c). is shown.
  • the annular tool component part 4.1 is moved away from the surface 1 a of the workpiece 1 facing the punch 4, ambient air penetrates the surface 1 a of the workpiece 1, but only in the annular portion 1 .3, which forms the later wheel flange or area with the holes for the wheel bolts.
  • the stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3 are initially not moved away from the compressed state, but these tool component parts remain with the top 1 a of the workpiece 1 in contact. Also, the entire die 3 remains at this time in contact with the complete workpiece 1, namely with its underside 1 b.
  • the workpiece previously shaped in the heated state according to FIGS. 1 a) and 1 b) is then cooled as follows, as shown in FIG. 1 c).
  • the section 1 .3 of the workpiece 1 is no longer in contact with the punch 4 on the upper side, since the punch parts 4.1 have been retracted immediately after forming. In this section 1 .3 takes place a relatively slow cooling of the workpiece 1 by a heat transfer to the
  • the remaining areas 1 .1 and 1.2 of the formed workpiece 1 are both the top 1 a and the bottom 1 b out with the die 3 and the punch 4 in contact, so that no ambient air, at least not to a significant extent, to the sections 1.1 and 1 .2 arrives.
  • the cooling takes place via a heat transfer to the die 3 and the corresponding stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3, which are still interspersed for an increased heat transfer of cooling channels 5, which form a cooling device 5.
  • Cooling channels 5 are flushed, for example, with oil or ice water, whereby the
  • Cool sections 1.1 and 1 .2 of the workpiece 1 relatively quickly.
  • the rapid cooling of the sections 1 .1 and 1 .2 of the workpiece 1 leads to a complete transformation of the microstructure into martensite.
  • the cooling of the annular region 1 .3 of the workpiece 1 via the ambient air is so slow that complete conversion of the microstructure into martensite can not take place here. This area is thus not completely press-hardened.
  • the tool component 4.1 is shown here as an example as part of the punch 4.
  • the die 3 it is also conceivable alternatively to form the die 3 with a movable part, in which case, however, the die 4 would abut against the workpiece 1 during cooling over the entire surface 1a.
  • the workpiece 1 is thus exposed during cooling always only one side of the ambient air or another heat-dissipating gas.
  • the movable tool component part 4.1 is designed here by way of example only around the central axis M annular.
  • other forms of moving tool component sections 4.1 may be conceivable.
  • a single movable tool component section is shown here.
  • two stamp parts 4.2 and 4.3 are also conceivable that no part of the punch 4 at all (or exactly one tool component part or more than two tool component parts) remains in contact with the deformed workpiece 1 for cooling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de formage à chaud d'une pièce (1), en particulier d'un flan, en tôle d'acier, selon lequel la pièce (1) est chauffée avant le formage, selon lequel la pièce chauffée (1) est mise en forme à chaud dans un outil de formage (2), qui comporte deux éléments d'outil (3, 4) se présentant sous la forme d'une matrice (3) et d'un poinçon (4), par contact avec deux éléments d'outil (3, 4), et selon lequel la pièce (1) mise en forme est directement exposée, au moins par endroits, à un gaz entourant l'outil de formage (2) et est ainsi refroidie. Selon l'invention, pour obtenir une résistance à la fatigue durable la plus élevée possible avec un faible poids et une dépense de fabrication réduite, au moins une partie (4.1) de l'un des éléments d'outil (4) est éloignée, après la mise en forme, du côté (1a) de la pièce (1) mise en forme qui est dirigé vers cet élément d'outil (4), tandis que le côté (1b) de la pièce (1) mise en forme, qui est opposé à l'élément d'outil (4), reste encore entièrement en contact avec l'autre des éléments d'outil (3). L'invention concerne en outre un outil de formage correspondant (2) et une pièce (1) correspondante.
PCT/EP2015/063747 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 Procédé et outil de formage à chaud et pièce correspondante Ceased WO2015197469A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2016017267A MX378173B (es) 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 Procedimiento y herramienta de conformacion para el conformado en caliente, asi como correspondiente pieza de trabajo.
EP15729852.2A EP3160667B1 (fr) 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 Procédé et outil de formage à chaud et pièce correspondante
ES15729852T ES2763101T3 (es) 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 Procedimiento y herramienta de conformación para el conformado en caliente, así como pieza de trabajo correspondiente
CN201580034702.4A CN107000018B (zh) 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 用于热成型的方法和成型工具以及相应的工件

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014108901.4A DE102014108901B3 (de) 2014-06-25 2014-06-25 Verfahren und Umformwerkzeug zum Warmumformen sowie entsprechendes Werkstück
DE102014108901.4 2014-06-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015197469A1 true WO2015197469A1 (fr) 2015-12-30

Family

ID=53433209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2015/063747 Ceased WO2015197469A1 (fr) 2014-06-25 2015-06-18 Procédé et outil de formage à chaud et pièce correspondante

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3160667B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107000018B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014108901B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2763101T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX378173B (fr)
WO (1) WO2015197469A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105537414A (zh) * 2016-02-05 2016-05-04 东风商用车有限公司 一种带冷却水道的热冲压模具及其制造工艺
WO2016066391A1 (fr) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Outil de formage servant à produire des pièces formées à chaud
CN114289629A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 浙江金固股份有限公司 轮辋的成型方法

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DE102016202381B4 (de) 2016-02-17 2022-08-18 Thyssenkrupp Ag Fahrzeugrad
CN110199034A (zh) 2017-01-18 2019-09-03 蒂森克虏伯钢铁欧洲股份公司 以板材构造方式生产车轮的方法
WO2018141391A1 (fr) 2017-02-02 2018-08-09 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Procédés de fabrication d'une roue de véhicule en une conception en tôle
DE102017223374A1 (de) 2017-12-20 2019-06-27 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Profilbauteils sowie Profilbauteil
WO2019145032A1 (fr) 2018-01-25 2019-08-01 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Procédé de fabrication d'un disque de roue
DE102018205772A1 (de) 2018-04-17 2019-10-17 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer Felge
DE102018205773A1 (de) 2018-04-17 2019-10-17 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Herstellung eines Fahrzeug-Rades
DE102018209879A1 (de) 2018-06-19 2019-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Radschüssel
DE102018209878A1 (de) 2018-06-19 2019-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Radschüssel
CN111390033A (zh) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-10 首钢集团有限公司 一种热成形零件制备装置以及制备方法
CN112427520A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2021-03-02 上海凌云汽车模具有限公司 一种非常规截型金属件热成型方法和环形工件

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US20110219841A1 (en) * 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Thyssenkrupp Sofedit S.A.S. Forming tool comprising cooling duct bores branched within tool elements
WO2011115539A1 (fr) * 2010-03-16 2011-09-22 Gestamp Hardtech Ab Installation de trempe sur presse et procédé de trempe sur presse d'un flanc de tôle d'acier
DE102010027554A1 (de) 2010-07-19 2012-01-19 Thyssenkrupp Umformtechnik Gmbh Umformwerkzeug und Verfahren zum Warmumformen und partiellen Presshärten eines Werkstückes aus Stahlblech
DE102011108912A1 (de) * 2011-07-28 2013-01-31 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Segmentiertes Presshärtewerkzeug

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016066391A1 (fr) * 2014-10-29 2016-05-06 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Outil de formage servant à produire des pièces formées à chaud
US10537928B2 (en) 2014-10-29 2020-01-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Molding tool for producing hot-formed components
CN105537414A (zh) * 2016-02-05 2016-05-04 东风商用车有限公司 一种带冷却水道的热冲压模具及其制造工艺
CN114289629A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 浙江金固股份有限公司 轮辋的成型方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3160667A1 (fr) 2017-05-03
ES2763101T3 (es) 2020-05-27
DE102014108901B3 (de) 2015-10-01
EP3160667B1 (fr) 2019-10-16
MX2016017267A (es) 2017-05-08
MX378173B (es) 2025-03-10
CN107000018B (zh) 2019-09-10
CN107000018A (zh) 2017-08-01

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