WO2015181987A1 - 充電器 - Google Patents
充電器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015181987A1 WO2015181987A1 PCT/JP2014/064541 JP2014064541W WO2015181987A1 WO 2015181987 A1 WO2015181987 A1 WO 2015181987A1 JP 2014064541 W JP2014064541 W JP 2014064541W WO 2015181987 A1 WO2015181987 A1 WO 2015181987A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- converter
- voltage
- forced stop
- power
- charger
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
- H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
- H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
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- H02J7/94—
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- H02J7/96—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/0085—Partially controlled bridges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charger for charging a battery, and more particularly to a charger for charging a battery of a vehicle traveling with an electric motor as a power source.
- this type of vehicle include electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
- This type of vehicle is equipped with a high-voltage battery that is dangerous to the human body, and since the on-vehicle charger for charging this on-vehicle battery also handles high voltage, it is necessary to take sufficient care to ensure safety. is there.
- this type of on-vehicle charger generally has a configuration in which an AC / DC converter and a DC / DC converter are connected in series, and the AC / DC converter is supplied with AC power supplied from an external AC power supply. Is converted into DC power and stored. It is necessary to pay close attention to this smoothing capacitor so that damage due to over voltage does not occur.
- ISO26262 formally issued in 2011 is given as an example of the functional safety standard for vehicles including securing of safety of the on-vehicle charger (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- Detection means for detecting the voltage applied to the in-vehicle battery or the current flowing into the in-vehicle battery as a technical means for protecting the in-vehicle battery from over-voltage, etc. Forced stop for stopping charging by comparing the detection result with a threshold Providing a means is mentioned. However, it goes without saying that if a failure occurs in these means, the device to be protected can not be sufficiently protected.
- the present invention has been made in view of the problems described above, and in a battery charger for charging an in-vehicle battery, protection of protection target devices such as in-vehicle battery and smoothing capacitor of AC / DC converter is further ensured.
- the purpose is to provide technology.
- the present invention provides an AC / DC converter having a PFC circuit that converts AC power supplied from an external AC power supply into DC power, and a smoothing capacitor that smoothes the output voltage of the PFC circuit.
- a DC / DC converter for transforming DC power output from the AC / DC converter and supplying it to a vehicle battery; a first control unit for controlling the operation of the PFC circuit; and an operation control for the DC / DC converter
- At least one of the smoothing capacitor and the on-board battery as a protection target device, and detects a voltage applied to the protection target device or a current flowing into the protection target device. It is determined whether or not the voltage or current detected by the first and second detection means and the first detection means exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- the first forced stop means for stopping the converter for supplying power to the device to be protected, and whether or not the voltage or current detected by the second detection means exceeds the threshold value.
- a second forced stop means for stopping the converter that supplies power to the device to be protected if the determination result is exceeded.
- detection means for detecting a voltage applied to the device to be protected or a current flowing into the device to be protected is duplicated, and a voltage exceeding a threshold is applied to the device to be protected or protection is performed.
- the forced stop means for stopping the converter for supplying power to the protection target device is also duplicated when the current exceeding the threshold value flows into the target device. For this reason, compared with the case where the said detection means and forced stop means are not duplexed, protection from overvoltage or overcurrent of a protection object apparatus becomes more reliable.
- the first forced stop unit has a first determination unit and a first forced stop execution unit.
- the first determination means determines whether the voltage or current detected by the first detection means exceeds a predetermined threshold value, and outputs a signal indicating the determination result.
- the first forced stop execution means receives the signal indicating that the voltage or current detected by the first detection means exceeds the predetermined threshold from the first determination means as a trigger to be protected. Perform a forced shutdown of the converter that supplies power to the
- the second forced stop means also has a second determination means and a second forced stop execution means.
- the second determination means determines whether or not the voltage or current detected by the second detection means exceeds a predetermined threshold, and outputs a signal indicating the determination result.
- the second forced stop execution means receives the signal indicating that the voltage or current detected by the second detection means exceeds the predetermined threshold from the second determination means as a trigger to be protected. Perform a forced shutdown of the converter that supplies power to the
- the first and second determination means may be a hardware module combining a comparator and a circuit for supplying a threshold voltage to the comparator, and the first and second control units may be connected to a protection target device.
- the control unit that controls the converter that supplies power (DC / DC converter if the protection target device is a car battery, AC / DC converter (more exactly PFC circuit) if the protection target device is a smoothing capacitor) It may be a software module realized by operating according to the above.
- at least one of the first and second determination means is implemented in software as compared to an embodiment in which both the first and second determination means are realized by hardware modules (in other words, the determination means is duplicated with only the hardware module).
- the first and second detection means and the first and second forced stop means may be provided for each of the protection target devices.
- both the smoothing capacitor and the on-board battery are to be protected and at least one of the first and second determination means corresponding to each of the smoothing capacitor and the on-board battery is realized by a software module, If there is a difference in the priority of protection, at least one of the first and second judging means corresponding to the lower priority is realized by the software module, and the judging means corresponding to the other is realized only by the hardware module. Duplexing is preferred. This is because cost reduction can be realized while securing the reliability of protection for the higher priority.
- the processing load for realizing the determination means is to prevent the original function of the control unit (operation control of the AC / DC converter or the operation control of the DC / DC converter) from being disturbed.
- At least one of the first forced stop execution means and the second forced stop execution means is protected according to an externally applied control signal (for example, a control signal applied from a safety CPU).
- a converter for supplying power to a target device is stopped.
- the other control target converter is stopped. For example, if the AC / DC control unit performing operation control of the AC / DC converter performs operation monitoring of the DC / DC control unit performing operation control of the DC / DC converter, and an abnormality is detected, the DC / DC converter The process of forcibly stopping the DC converter is executed by the AC / DC control unit.
- a charger for charging a vehicle-mounted battery it is possible to make protection of a device to be protected such as a vehicle-mounted battery more reliable.
- FIG. 1 is a view showing a configuration example of a charger 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the charger 1A is an on-vehicle charger mounted on a vehicle having an electric motor as a power source such as an electric car or a hybrid car, and is a device for charging the on-vehicle battery 3 for supplying electric power to the electric motor.
- charger 1A is connected to external AC power supply 2 which is AC power supply for general household use (ie, AC power supply of single phase 100 V) via a power cable etc., and supplied from external AC power supply 2 AC power is converted to DC power to charge the on-vehicle battery 3.
- an on-vehicle battery 3 to be charged by the charger 1A and an external AC power supply 2 are illustrated in FIG.
- the in-vehicle battery 3 is a device to be protected, and the charger 1A detects a voltage applied to the in-vehicle battery 3. When the detected voltage becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold value, the in-vehicle battery It is configured to stop the power supply to 3.
- the charger 1A of this embodiment includes an AC / DC converter 10, a DC / DC converter 20, an AC / DC control unit 30, a DC / DC control unit 40, a mask circuit 50A, and a voltage detection unit 60_1A. And 60_2A, forced stop instructing units 70_1A and 70_2A.
- the AC / DC converter 10 converts AC power supplied from the external AC power supply 2 into DC power and outputs the DC power.
- AC / DC converter 10 is configured of diodes 110_1 to 110_2, flywheel diodes 110_3 to 110_4, FETs 110_5 to 110_6, smoothing capacitors 110_7, and reactors 110_8 to 110_9.
- the reactors 110_8 to 110_9 are provided to attenuate harmonics.
- the diodes 110 _ 1 to 110 _ 2 and the FETs 110 _ 5 to 110 _ 6 constitute a PFC circuit that rectifies the AC voltage supplied from the external AC power supply 2 and supplies the DC voltage to the smoothing capacitor 110 _ 7.
- Each of the FETs 110_5 to 110_6 is turned on when a drive signal of an active level is applied to the gate, and turned off when a drive signal of an inactive level is applied to the gate.
- the smoothing capacitor 110_7 is an electrolytic capacitor provided to smooth the DC voltage output from the PFC circuit.
- the flywheel diodes 110_3 to 110_4 are connected in anti-parallel to the FETs 110_5 to 110_6, and input current power generated by electromagnetic energy stored in the reactors 110_8 to 110_9 when the FETs 110_5 to 110_6 are switched on / off. Then, return to the external AC power supply 2) side.
- the AC / DC control unit 30 is, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and data (for example, data indicating the remaining amount of battery) indicating the charge state of the in-vehicle battery 3 is transmitted via the CAN-BUS to the BCU (Battery Control Unit: In FIG. 1, the operation control of the AC / DC converter 10 is performed according to the charging state of the on-vehicle battery 3. More specifically, AC / DC control unit 30 provides the gate of each of FETs 110 _ 5 to 110 _ 6 such that a suitable voltage or current according to the charge state of vehicle battery 3 is output from AC / DC converter 10. The signal levels of the drive signals ga1 to ga2 are switched from the active level (for example, High level) to the inactive level (for example, Low level) or vice versa. Thereby, the operation control of the AC / DC converter 10 is realized.
- the active level for example, High level
- the inactive level for example, Low level
- the DC / DC converter 20 is connected in series to the AC / DC converter 10.
- the DC / DC converter 20 is configured of an inverter 121 and a rectifier 122.
- the inverter 121 includes FETs 121_5 to 121_8, flywheel diodes 121_1 to 121_4, and a transformer 121_9.
- the inverter 121 uses the DC voltage charged in the smoothing capacitor 110_7 of the AC / DC converter 10 as a power supply voltage, and outputs the AC voltage to the primary winding of the transformer 121_9 by switching the power supply voltage by the FETs 121_5 to 121_8. Circuit.
- Each of the FETs 121_5 to 121_8 is also turned on when a drive signal of an active level is applied to the gate, and turned off when a drive signal of an inactive level is applied to the gate.
- the transformer 121 _ 9 outputs an AC voltage corresponding to the AC voltage applied to the primary winding from the secondary winding to the rectifier 122.
- the rectifier 122 rectifies the AC voltage output from the secondary winding of the transformer 121 _ 9 by the diodes 122 _ 1 to 122 _ 4 and supplies the DC voltage to the on-vehicle battery 3.
- the DC / DC control unit 40 is a CPU like the AC / DC control unit 30.
- the DC / DC control unit 40 outputs drive signals gb1 to gb4 for switching on / off switching elements (FETs 121_5 to 121_8 in this embodiment) included in the inverter 121.
- FETs 121_5 to 121_8 in this embodiment By adjusting the switching cycle of these switching elements according to the charge condition of the on-vehicle battery 3, a suitable voltage or current according to the charge condition is supplied from the DC / DC converter 20 to the on-vehicle battery 3. That is, the DC / DC control unit 40 is for performing operation control of the DC / DC converter 20.
- the drive signals gb1 to gb4 are applied to the respective switching elements as drive signals Gb1 to Gb4 through the mask circuit 50A.
- the forcible stop instruction signal SS1 is applied from the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1A
- the forcible stop instruction signal SS2 is applied from the forcible stop instruction unit 70_2A.
- the mask circuit 50A passes the drive signals gb1 to gb4 as the drive signals Gb1 to Gb4, while forcibly stopping
- drive signals Gb1 to Gb4 are cut off (ie, drive signals Gb1 to Gb4 are maintained at an inactive level).
- the switching of the switching elements ie, the FETs 121_5 to 121_8) included in the inverter 121 is stopped, and the DC / DC converter 20 is stopped.
- FIG. 2A a mode is considered in which the mask circuit 50A is configured by an OR gate, an inverter and an AND gate provided one by one for each of a plurality of switching elements included in the inverter 121.
- the OR gate is supplied with the forced stop instruction signal SS1 and the forced stop instruction signal SS2, and the output signal of the OR gate is subjected to logic inversion by an inverter to one input terminal of the AND gate. It is input.
- the drive signal gb1 is applied to the other input terminal of the AND gate. Therefore, while both of the forced stop signals SS1 and SS2 are at the inactive level, the drive signal gb1 output from the DC / DC control unit 40 passes through the AND gate and is given to the gate of the FET 121_5 as the drive signal Gb1. Be Then, when at least one of the forced stop instruction signals SS1 and SS2 is switched from the inactive level to the active level, the drive signal gb1 output from the DC / DC control unit 40 is cut off by the AND gate, and the drive signal Gb1 is at Low level. Maintained. Therefore, the FET 121_5 is maintained in the off state.
- the pulse transformer via the OR gate 51, the inverter 52, the pulse transformer 53, the rectifier 54 and the switching element 55 respectively corresponding to the switching element included in the inverter 121 and the switching element 55 The aspect which comprises the mask circuit 50A by the power supply 56 which supplies electric power to the primary side of 53 can be considered.
- 2B only the configuration corresponding to the FET 121_5 is illustrated as in FIG. 2A.
- the drive signal gb1 output from the DC / DC control unit 40 is supplied to one end of the primary winding of the pulse transformer 53, and the other end is connected to the power supply 56 through the switching element 55.
- the on / off of the switching element 55 is switched according to the signal applied from the OR gate 51 via the inverter 52.
- the switching element 55 is turned on when a signal of active level is given from the inverter 52, and the switching element 55 is turned off when a signal of inactive level is given.
- the OR gate 51 is supplied with the forcible stop instruction signal SS1 and the forcible stop instruction signal SS2, and a signal representing the logical sum of the both is output from the OR gate 51 to the inverter 52.
- both the forced stop instruction signal SS1 and the forced stop instruction signal SS2 are at the inactive level, the output signal of the inverter 52 becomes the active level, the switching element 55 is turned on, and the forced stop instruction signal SS1 and forced When at least one of the stop instruction signals SS2 is at the active level, the output signal of the inverter 52 is at the inactive level, and the switching element 55 is turned off.
- the switching element 55 If the switching element 55 is on, the voltage generated in the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 53 is rectified by the rectifier 54 according to the drive signal gb1 output from the DC / DC control unit 40, and the FET 121_5 turns on / off. It is given as a drive signal Gb1 for switching off. On the other hand, if the switching element 55 is off, the power supply to the primary side of the pulse transformer 53 is cut off, and the drive signal Gb1 is also cut off. In the mask circuit 50A having a configuration using an AND gate as shown in FIG. 2A, there is a possibility that the supply of the drive signals Gb1 to Gb4 to the inverter 121 can not be interrupted when the AND gate is damaged.
- mask circuit 50A having a configuration using a pulse transformer is adopted as shown in FIG. 2 (b)
- the accuracy is higher than in the case where mask circuit 50A having a configuration shown in FIG. 2 (a) is adopted.
- the supply of the drive signals Gb1 to Gb4 to the inverter 121 can be cut off, and the DC / DC converter 20 can be stopped.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 2C can be considered.
- a circuit having the configuration shown in FIG. 2C is adopted as the mask circuit 50A.
- FIG. 2C as in the case of FIGS. 2A and 2B, only the configuration corresponding to the FET 121_5 is illustrated.
- the voltage generated at the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 53 is rectified by the rectifier 54 and given to the FET 121_5 as a drive signal Gb1 switching its on / off, and the pulse transformer 53
- the point that one end of the primary winding is connected to the power supply 56 through the switching element 55 is the same as the mask circuit shown in FIG. 2 (b).
- the on / off control of the switching element is performed by a signal obtained by logically inverting the forcible stop instruction signal SS1 by the inverter 52, and the forcible stop instruction signal SS2 is inverted.
- an AND gate 58 generates a logical product signal of the signal logically inverted by 57 and the drive signal gb1, and this logical product signal is applied to the other end of the primary winding of the pulse transformer 53.
- Each of voltage detection unit 60_1A and voltage detection unit 60_2A is a sensor that detects a voltage applied to on-vehicle battery 3 and outputs a signal indicating the detected value. As shown in FIG. 1, the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_1A is given to the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1A, and the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_2A is given to the forcible stop instruction unit 70_2A. Below, when it is not necessary to distinguish each of voltage detection part 60_1A and 60_2A, it describes with "voltage detection part 60." The forced stop instructing unit 70_1A and the forced stop instructing unit 70_2A are also described as “forced stop instructing unit 70" when it is not necessary to distinguish between the two.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70 is, for example, a comparator, and the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60 is given to one of two input terminals, and a signal representing a predetermined threshold voltage is given to the other.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70 compares the voltage value represented by the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60 with the threshold voltage, and outputs a forcible stop instruction signal of inactive level if the former is less than the latter, and the former is more than the latter. If it is, an active level forcible stop instruction signal is output.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70 determines whether the voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 60 exceeds the predetermined threshold voltage, and a signal indicating the determination result (in the present embodiment, the forcible stop instruction signal) Functions as a determination unit that outputs
- the threshold voltage may be set to a suitable value in accordance with the withstand voltage of the on-vehicle battery 3.
- the generation of the threshold voltage may be performed using a known constant voltage generation circuit. As described above, when at least one of the forced stop instruction signals SS1 and SS2 becomes an active level, the DC / DC converter 20 is stopped.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1A functions as a first determination unit that outputs the forcible stop instruction signal SS1 according to the detection result of the voltage detection unit 60_1A
- the inverter 52 of the mask circuit 50A and the switching element 55 FIG. 2C functions as a first forced stop execution means for executing a forced stop of the DC / DC converter 20 triggered by receiving the active level forcible stop instruction signal SS1.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70_2A functions as a second determination unit that outputs a forcible stop instruction signal SS2 according to the detection result of the voltage detection unit 60_2A, and the inverter 57 of the mask circuit 50A and the AND gate 58 (FIG.
- the function (c) functions as a second forced stop execution means for executing a forced stop of the DC / DC converter 20 when receiving the active level forcible stop instruction signal SS2. That is, in the present embodiment, the forcible stop means for executing the forcible stop of the DC / DC converter 20 is the first forcible stop means including the first determination means and the first forcible stop execution means, and the second determination means And the second forced stop execution means is duplicated by the second forced stop means.
- the DC / DC converter 20 is forced according to the detection means for detecting the voltage applied to the on-vehicle battery 3 and the result of the magnitude comparison between the detection voltage and the threshold voltage by the detection means.
- the protection from the overvoltage of the on-vehicle battery 3 is realized by providing the forced stop means for stopping. And since each of the said detection means and the said forced stop means is duplexed, compared with the case where it does not duplex, protection from the overvoltage of the vehicle battery 3 can be made more reliable.
- the on-vehicle battery 3 is the protection target device in the first embodiment, it is also conceivable to set the smoothing capacitor 110_7 as the protection target device. This is because when an overvoltage is applied to the smoothing capacitor 110_7, there is a possibility that damage of electrolyte leakage (liquid leakage, gas leakage, etc.) may occur.
- the battery charger 1B having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 may be used.
- FIG. 3 the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 3 in order to avoid that a drawing becomes complicated, illustration of the detailed structure of AC / DC converter 10 and DC / DC converter 20 was abbreviate
- the configuration of the charger 1B is that the mask circuit 50A is provided instead of the mask circuit 50A, and the voltage detection units 60_1B and 60_2B are used instead of the voltage detection units 60_1A and 60_2A.
- This embodiment differs from the configuration of the charger 1A in that a forced stop instructing unit 70_1B and a forced stop unit 80 are provided instead of the forced stop instructing units 70_1A and 70_2A.
- a forced stop instructing unit 70_1B and a forced stop unit 80 are provided instead of the forced stop instructing units 70_1A and 70_2A.
- the drive signals gb1 to gb4 output from the DC / DC control unit 40 are given as they are to the switching elements of the inverter 121, and the drive signals ga1 to ga2 output from the AC / DC control unit 30 are output from the mask circuit 50B.
- the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it is supplied to each switching element of the AC / DC converter 10 as drive signals Ga1 to Ga2 via. While receiving the forcible stop instruction signal SS3 of the inactive level from the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B, the mask circuit 50B passes the drive signals ga1 to ga2 output from the AC / DC control unit 30 as the drive signals Ga1 to Ga2 as they are.
- the present embodiment differs from the mask circuit 50A in the first embodiment in that the drive signals ga1 to ga2 are interrupted when a forced stop instruction signal SS3 of an active level is given.
- the detailed description is omitted, as the configuration of the mask circuit 50B, the configuration shown in FIG. 4A or the configuration shown in FIG. 4B can be considered.
- the voltage detection unit 60_1B and the voltage detection unit 60_2B are voltage sensors similarly to the voltage detection unit 60 in the first embodiment.
- Voltage detection unit 60_1B and voltage detection unit 60_2B detect a voltage applied to smoothing capacitor 110_7 (not shown in FIG. 3) included in AC / DC converter 10, and output a signal indicating the detected value.
- the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_1B is supplied to the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B, and the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_2B is supplied to the forcible stop unit 80.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B is a comparator similar to the forcible stop instruction unit 70 in the first embodiment.
- An output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_1B is provided to one of two input terminals of the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B, and a predetermined threshold voltage is provided to the other.
- the threshold voltage may be set to a suitable value in accordance with the withstand voltage of the smoothing capacitor 110_7.
- the generation of the threshold voltage may be performed using a known constant voltage generation circuit.
- the output signal of the comparator is the forcible stop instruction signal SS3.
- the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B If the voltage represented by the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_1B is less than the threshold voltage, the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B outputs the forcible stop signal SS3 of the inactive level, and the voltage represented by the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_1B is the threshold If it is higher than the voltage, the active stop signal SS3 is output. As described above, when the forced stop signal SS3 becomes an active level, the drive signals Ga1 to Ga2 are cut off by the mask circuit 50B, and the AC / DC converter 10 is forcibly stopped.
- the mask circuit 50B and the forcible stop instruction unit 70_1B play the role of the first forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 according to the result of the magnitude comparison between the detection voltage and the threshold voltage by the voltage detection unit 60_1B. Play.
- the forced stop unit 80 is a software module realized by causing the CPU of the AC / DC control unit 30 to execute a program for protecting the smoothing capacitor 110_7.
- a program that causes the CPU to execute the process of the flowchart shown in FIG. 5A in parallel with the control process of the AC / DC converter 10 may be mentioned.
- the CPU operating according to this program determines whether the voltage value represented by the output signal of the voltage detection unit 60_2B is less than the threshold voltage (step SA1). If the judgment result is "Yes", the drive signals ga1 to ga2 generated by the control process are output as they are (step SA2).
- step SA3 the CPU maintains the drive signals ga1 to ga2 at the inactive level (step SA3).
- the drive signals Ga1 to Ga2 are maintained at the inactive level regardless of the blocking by the mask circuit 50B, and the AC / DC converter 10 is forcibly stopped. That is, the forcible stop means 80 plays the role of the second forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 according to the result of the magnitude comparison between the detected voltage and the threshold voltage by the voltage detection unit 60_2B.
- the AC / DC converter 10 is forcibly stopped when an abnormality occurs such that the inter-plate voltage of the smoothing capacitor 110_7 reaches the threshold voltage during charging of the on-vehicle battery 3, and the smoothing capacitor
- breakage of 110_7 can be reliably avoided, and it is needless to say that detection means for detecting the voltage applied to smoothing capacitor 110_7, and AC / A according to the result of comparison between the detection voltage and the threshold voltage by the detection means.
- Both of the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC converter 10 are duplicated. For this reason, compared with the case where such duplexing is not performed, the protection from the overvoltage of smoothing capacitor 110_7 can be made more reliable.
- duplication of forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 is realized by the software module (forced stop means 80) and the hardware module (mask circuit 50B and forced stop instruction unit 70_1B). Therefore, the number of parts of the charger 1B can be reduced and cost reduction can be realized as compared with the case where the above-mentioned duplexing is realized only by the hardware module as in the first embodiment.
- duplication is achieved only by the hardware module.
- duplication of the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 in the first embodiment may be realized by the hardware module and the software module.
- the determination means may be realized by a software module.
- the forced stop instructing unit 70_1A is deleted from the configuration shown in FIG.
- step SA1 the output signal of the voltage detecting unit 60_1A is given to the AC / DC control unit 30, and the output signal represents as shown in FIG. It is determined whether the voltage is less than the threshold voltage (step SA1), and if the determination result is "Yes", the forced stop instruction signal SS1 of the inactive level is output (step SA2 '), while the determination result If “NO” is “NO”, the CPU of the AC / DC control unit 30 is caused to execute processing of outputting the active level forcible stop instruction signal SS1 (step SA3 ′). Then, the forced stop instruction signal SS1 generated by the processing of FIG. 5B may be applied to the mask circuit 50A.
- the on-vehicle battery 3 is a protection target device
- the smoothing capacitor 110_7 is a protection target device.
- both the on-vehicle battery 3 and the smoothing capacitor 110_7 are protection target devices The case is of course also conceivable.
- the charger 1C having the configuration shown in FIG. 6 may be used.
- the same components as those in FIG. 1 or 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the configuration of the charger 1C is that the mask circuit 50A, the voltage detection units 60_1A and 60_2A, and the forcible stop instruction units 70_1A and 70_2A are provided. It differs from the charger 1B of 2 embodiment.
- the voltage detection units 60_1A and 60_2A in the charger 1C play the role of first and second detection means for detecting the voltage applied to the on-vehicle battery 3 as in the charger 1A.
- the inverter 52 of the mask circuit 50A and the switching element 55 (see FIG. 2C) and the forcible stop instructing unit 70_1A function as a first forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20, and the mask circuit
- the inverter 57 of 50 A, the AND gate 58 (see FIG. 2C) and the forcible stop instruction unit 70_2A play a role of a second forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20.
- the voltage detection units 60_1B and 60_2B in the charger 1C play the role of first and second detection means for detecting the voltage applied to the smoothing capacitor 110_7 as in the charger 1B, and together with the mask circuit 50B.
- the forcible stop instructing unit 70_1B plays a role of a first forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10
- the forcible stop means 80 plays a role of a second forcible stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10. .
- the detection means for detecting the voltage applied to each protection target device of the on-vehicle battery 3 and the smoothing capacitor 110 _ 7 is duplicated, and a converter for supplying power to the on-vehicle battery 3 (ie The forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20) and the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the converter (i.e., the AC / DC converter 10) for supplying power to the smoothing capacitor 110_7 are also duplicated. For this reason, compared with the case where such duplication is not performed, protection of each protection target device can be made more reliable.
- the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 is duplicated only with the hardware module, and the forced stop means for forcedly stop the AC / DC converter 10 is duplicated between the hardware module and the software module.
- the former forced stop means may be duplicated between the hardware module and the software module, and the latter forced stop means may be duplicated only with the hardware module.
- both the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 and the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 may be duplicated with only the hardware module, and both may be hardware modules and software modules. May be duplicated. Therefore, four combinations shown in FIG. 7A can be considered as a combination of doubling of forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 and doubling of forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20.
- either the smoothing capacitor 110_7 and the on-vehicle battery 3 may be protection target devices, and either one of forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 and forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 may be hardware.
- the forced stop means corresponding to the lower priority is used as the hardware. It is considered preferable to duplicate modules and software modules. For example, when the priority of protection for the smoothing capacitor 110_7 is low, a charger having a configuration shown in FIG. 6 is adopted.
- the forced stop means between the hardware module and the software module it is necessary to use a controller (that is, a controller with a high degree of integration) that has higher performance than when duplexing is realized only with the hardware module. And remain uneasy in terms of reliability. Therefore, the reliability of the higher priority protection is secured by duplicating the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the converter that supplies power to the higher priority protection target device with only the hardware module while ensuring the reliability of the higher priority protection. It is believed that the reduction can be realized.
- the processing load for realizing the forced stop means is intended to prevent any trouble in the original function of the control unit (function to perform operation control of the AC / DC converter or operation control of the DC / DC converter).
- the protection target device is protected from an overvoltage by comparing the voltage applied to the protection target device (that is, the on-vehicle battery 3 or the smoothing capacitor 110_7) with a predetermined threshold voltage.
- the voltage detection unit 60 instead of the voltage detection unit 60, a current detection unit that detects the current flowing into the protection target device is provided, and the protection target is compared by comparing the current detected by the current detection unit with a predetermined threshold current. The device may be protected from over current.
- the voltage detection unit 60_2A in the first embodiment is replaced with the current detection unit, and the forced stop instructing unit 70_2A is compared with the current detected by the current detection unit and a predetermined threshold current, and the comparison result is
- the protection target device may be protected from an overvoltage and also from an overcurrent by replacing it with a circuit that outputs a corresponding forced stop instruction signal SS2. The same applies to the second and third embodiments.
- the forced stop means for protecting the protection target device is duplicated by the hardware module and the software module.
- a microcomputer for executing the processing according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 5B is provided separately from the AC / DC control unit 30 to make the forcible stop means redundant (that is, software It is also possible to use a module alone for duplexing.
- the operation monitoring of the AC / DC control unit 30 is performed by the microcomputer If a malfunction of the AC / DC control unit 30 is detected, the microcomputer may have a hot standby configuration in which the operation control of the AC / DC converter 10 is substituted.
- the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 may be duplicated only with the software module. As described above, in consideration of duplexing by only the software module, a combination of a forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 and a redundant stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20 is shown in FIG. There are nine possible ways shown in b).
- the software module is used to double the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the AC / DC converter 10 and the forced stop means for forcibly stopping the DC / DC converter 20, the AC / DC control unit 30 And one of the DC / DC control units 40 to perform operation monitoring of the other, and when the other operation abnormality is detected, forcibly stop the converter of the other control target (for example, output from the other)
- a forced stop instruction signal may be given to the mask circuit through which the drive signal passes.
- the AC / DC control unit 30 performs DC And so forth. According to such an aspect, it is expected that the protection of the device to be protected can be further ensured. Note that, as a specific method of the operation monitoring, a mode in which a reply request is periodically transmitted from the one control unit to the other, and an operation abnormality is determined when there is no reply even after a predetermined time has elapsed. Is considered.
- a mode is also conceivable in which a hello call is transmitted to the side to be monitored at a constant cycle, and a failure is determined when the hello call is not received even if the time corresponding to the constant cycle has elapsed since the previous reception. Also, if there is a difference between the operation clocks of the AC / DC control unit 30 and the DC / DC control unit 40, the other operation monitoring is performed on the higher frequency side, and the shift of the other operation clock is It is also possible to detect and determine that a failure has occurred when the deviation of the operation clock exceeds the allowable value.
- the mask circuit 50A or 50B may be provided with a shutoff circuit that shuts off the drive signal in accordance with the control signal supplied from the safety CPU or the like. It becomes possible to test whether or not the forcible stop means works by activating the cutoff circuit, and such a test is performed prior to the start of charging of the vehicle battery 3 to protect the protection target device. The reason is that it is possible to make
- the DC / DC control unit compares the detection voltages of the voltage detection units 60_1A and 60_2A and detects a failure of the voltage detection unit according to the comparison result.
- a dedicated microcomputer may be provided to execute the comparison and the failure detection processing based on the comparison result.
- the process of comparing the detection voltages of the voltage detection units 60_1B and 60_2B and detecting a failure of the voltage detection unit according to the comparison result is used as an AC / DC control unit. 30 may be executed, or a dedicated microcomputer may be provided to execute the comparison and the failure detection processing based on the comparison result.
- DC / DC control is performed to compare the output signals of each of the forcible stop instruction units 70_1A and 70_2A and detect a failure of the forcible stop instruction unit according to the comparison result.
- the processing may be performed by the unit 40, or a dedicated microcomputer may be provided to execute the comparison and the failure detection processing based on the comparison result.
- the DC / DC control unit 40 or a dedicated microcomputer is used to compare the threshold voltages generated by the constant voltage generating circuits included in each of the forced stop instructing units 70_1A and 70_2A and detect a failure of the constant voltage generating circuits. You may make it run.
- SYMBOLS 1A, 1B, 1C ... Charger, 2 ... External AC power supply, 3 ... Vehicle battery, 10 ... AC / DC converter, 20 ... DC / DC converter, 30 ... AC / DC control part, 40 ... DC / DC control part, 50A, 50B: mask circuit, 60, 60_1A, 60_2A, 60_1B, 60_2B: voltage detection unit, 70, 70_1A, 70_2A, 70_1B: forced stop instruction unit, 80: forced stop means.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(A:第1実施形態)
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態の充電器1Aの構成例を示す図である。
充電器1Aは、電気自動車やハイブリッド自動車など動力源として電動機を有する車両に搭載される車載充電器であり、上記電動機に電力を供給する車載バッテリ3を充電する装置である。より詳細に説明すると、充電器1Aは、一般家庭用の交流電源(すなわち、単相100Vの交流電源)である外部交流電源2に電源ケーブル等を介して接続され、外部交流電源2から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換して車載バッテリ3を充電する。図1には、充電器1Aの他に、充電器1Aによる充電対象の車載バッテリ3と、外部交流電源2とが図示されている。
上記第1実施形態では車載バッテリ3が保護対象機器であったが、平滑化コンデンサ110_7を保護対象機器とすることも考えられる。平滑化コンデンサ110_7に過電圧が印加されると、電解質の漏れ(液漏れやガス漏れなど)の破損が発生する虞があるからである。平滑化コンデンサ110_7を保護対象機器とする場合には、図3に示す構成の充電器1Bを用いるようにすれば良い。
上記第1実施形態では車載バッテリ3が保護対象機器であり、上記第2実施形態では平滑化コンデンサ110_7が保護対象機器であったが、車載バッテリ3と平滑化コンデンサ110_7の両者を保護対象機器する場合も勿論考えられる。車載バッテリ3と平滑化コンデンサ110_7の両者を保護対象機器する場合には、図6に示す構成の充電器1Cを用いるようにすれば良い。図6では、図1或いは図3におけるものと同一の構成要素には同一の符号が付されている。図6と図3とを対比すれば明らかなように、充電器1Cの構成は、マスク回路50Aと、電圧検出部60_1Aおよび60_2Aと、強制停止指示部70_1Aおよび70_2Aと、を設けた点が第2実施形態の充電器1Bと異なる。
以上本発明の第1、第2および第3実施形態について説明したが、これら実施形態を以下のように変形しても良い。
(1)上記各実施形態では、保護対象機器(すなわち、車載バッテリ3或いは平滑化コンデンサ110_7)に印加される電圧と所定の閾値電圧とを大小比較することで保護対象機器を過電圧から保護する場合について説明したが、保護対象機器に流れ込む電流を検出する電流検出部を電圧検出部60の代わりに設け、この電流検出部により検出された電流と所定の閾値電流とを大小比較することで保護対象機器を過電流から保護しても良い。また、第1実施形態における電圧検出部60_2Aを上記電流検出部に置き換え、強制停止指示部70_2Aを、当該電流検出部により検出された電流と所定の閾値電流との大小比較を行いその比較結果に応じた強制停止指示信号SS2を出力する回路に置き換えることで、保護対象機器を過電圧から保護するとともに、過電流からも保護するようにしても良い。第2および第3実施形態についても同様である。
Claims (7)
- 外部交流電源から供給される交流電力を直流電力に変換するPFC回路と前記PFC回路の出力電圧を平滑化する平滑化コンデンサとを有するAC/DCコンバータと、
前記AC/DCコンバータの出力する直流電力を変圧して車載バッテリに供給するDC/DCコンバータと、
前記PFC回路の作動制御を行う第1の制御部と、
前記DC/DCコンバータの作動制御を行う第2の制御部と、を有し、
前記平滑化コンデンサと前記車載バッテリの少なくとも一方を保護対象機器とし、
前記保護対象機器に印加される電圧または前記保護対象機器に流れ込む電流を各々検出する第1および第2の検出手段と、
前記第1の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が所定の閾値を上回っているか否かを判定し、上回っている場合に前記保護対象機器に電力を供給するコンバータを停止させる第1の強制停止手段と、
前記第2の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が前記閾値を上回っているか否かを判定し、上回っている場合に前記保護対象機器に電力を供給するコンバータを停止させる第2の強制停止手段と、
を有することを特徴とする充電器。 - 前記第1の強制停止手段は、
前記第1の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が所定の閾値を上回っているか否かを判定し、その判定結果を示す信号を出力する第1の判定手段と、
前記第1の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が前記閾値を上回っていることを示す信号を前記第1の判定手段から受け取ったことを契機として、前記保護対象機器に電力を供給するコンバータの強制停止を実行する第1の強制停止実行手段と、を有する一方、
前記第2の強制停止手段は、
前記第2の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が所定の閾値を上回っているか否かを判定し、その判定結果を示す信号を出力する第2の判定手段と、
前記第2の検出手段により検出された電圧または電流が前記閾値を上回っていることを示す信号を前記第2の判定手段から受け取ったことを契機として、前記保護対象機器に電力を供給するコンバータの強制停止を実行する第2の強制停止実行手段と、を有し、
前記第1の判定手段と前記第2の判定手段の少なくとも一方は、前記第1および第2の制御部のうち前記保護対象機器の電力を供給するコンバータを制御する方をソフトウェアにしたがって作動させることにより実現されるソフトウェアモジュールであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電器。 - 前記平滑化コンデンサと前記車載バッテリの両方が保護対象機器であり、
前記第1および第2の検出手段と前記第1および第2の強制停止手段は、保護対象機器毎に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の充電器。 - 前記平滑化コンデンサと前記車載バッテリについて保護の優先度に差異がある場合には、優先度の低い方に対応する前記第1および第2の判定手段の少なくとも一方はソフトウェアモジュールであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の充電器。
- 前記第1および第2の制御部の各々の処理負荷に差異がある場合には、処理負荷の低い方に対応する前記第1および第2の判定手段の少なくとも一方はソフトウェアモジュールであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の充電器。
- 前記第1の強制停止手段と前記第2の強制停止手段の少なくとも一方は、外部から与えられる信号に応じて、保護対象機器に電力を供給するコンバータを停止させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電器。
- 前記第1の制御部と前記第2の制御部のうちの一方が他方の稼働監視を行い、当該一方の制御部は他方の異常を検出した場合には、当該他方の制御対象のコンバータを停止させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の充電器。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/064541 WO2015181987A1 (ja) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | 充電器 |
| CN201480067946.8A CN105814771A (zh) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | 充电器 |
| JP2016523087A JP6414211B2 (ja) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | 充電器 |
| EP14892934.2A EP3151361B1 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Charger |
| US15/178,693 US10106044B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-06-10 | Charger having forced stop execution circuit to provide protection to a protection target |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/064541 WO2015181987A1 (ja) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | 充電器 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US15/178,693 Continuation US10106044B2 (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2016-06-10 | Charger having forced stop execution circuit to provide protection to a protection target |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2015181987A1 true WO2015181987A1 (ja) | 2015-12-03 |
Family
ID=54698358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2014/064541 Ceased WO2015181987A1 (ja) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | 充電器 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10106044B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3151361B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP6414211B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN105814771A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2015181987A1 (ja) |
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| JP2019122210A (ja) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載充電器の制御装置 |
| JP2020099161A (ja) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 充電器および充電器の制御方法 |
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| JP2024512997A (ja) * | 2021-11-04 | 2024-03-21 | エルジー エナジー ソリューション リミテッド | 電圧判断回路 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3151361A4 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
| JP6414211B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 |
| EP3151361B1 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
| US20160280080A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| CN105814771A (zh) | 2016-07-27 |
| EP3151361A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
| US10106044B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
| JPWO2015181987A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
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