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WO2015181123A1 - Fraction de gazole fischer-tropsch - Google Patents

Fraction de gazole fischer-tropsch Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015181123A1
WO2015181123A1 PCT/EP2015/061516 EP2015061516W WO2015181123A1 WO 2015181123 A1 WO2015181123 A1 WO 2015181123A1 EP 2015061516 W EP2015061516 W EP 2015061516W WO 2015181123 A1 WO2015181123 A1 WO 2015181123A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fischer
tropsch
tropsch gasoil
gasoil fraction
fraction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/061516
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Bernardus Wilhelmus Morsink
Johannes TURFBOER
Rendert Jan Wiersma
Ferry Winter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Shell Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV, Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of WO2015181123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015181123A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
    • C10G2300/1048—Middle distillates
    • C10G2300/1055—Diesel having a boiling range of about 230 - 330 °C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
    • C10G2300/301—Boiling range
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
    • C10G2300/302—Viscosity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/06—Gasoil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction, metal working and process oil
  • compositions comprising the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction, and use of the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction.
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoils may be obtained by various processes.
  • a Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil is obtained using the so-called Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • a Fischer-Tropsch process produces a range of hydrocarbon products, including naphtha, gasoil, base oil and other products.
  • the gasoil product is also referred to as the full-range Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil.
  • An example of such process producing a Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil is disclosed in WO 02/070628.
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil can be advantageously used in metal working and process oil applications.
  • the present invention provides a
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction having an initial boiling point of at least 260°C and a final boiling point of at most 340°C.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has surprisingly a low viscosity while having a high flash point, which combination of properties provides advantages in metal working and process oil applications.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the present invention has very low levels of aromatics, naphthenic paraffins (also referred to as naphthenics) and impurities.
  • the low level of impurities, aromatics, and naphthenics gives the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the present invention an improved odor compared to crude oil derived gasoil, even after dearomatization .
  • the presence of normal paraffins and mono-methyl branched isoparaffins (mono- methyl isoparaffins ) may provide improved bio- degradability compared to other isoparaffins.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the present invention is a fraction of the full-range
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil that is derived from a Fischer- Tropsch process.
  • Full-range Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil herein also referred to as Fischer-Tropsch gasoil, is known in the art.
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived is meant that the gasoil, is, or is derived from, a synthesis product of a Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • synthesis gas is converted to a synthesis product.
  • Synthesis gas or syngas is a mixture of predominantly hydrogen and carbon monoxide that is obtained by conversion of a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock. Suitable feedstocks include natural gas, crude oil, heavy oil fractions, coal, biomass or
  • a Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil may also be referred to as a GTL (Gas-to- Liquids) gasoil.
  • GTL Gas-to- Liquids
  • a Fischer-Tropsch process wherein a synthesis gas, or mixture of predominantly hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is processed at elevated temperature over a supported catalyst comprised of a Group VIII metal, or metals, e.g., cobalt, ruthenium, iron, etc. At least part of the Fischer-Tropsch product is contacted with hydrogen, at
  • hydrocracking/hydroisomerization conditions over a, preferably, bifunctional, catalyst, or catalyst
  • Fischer-Tropsch product may be provided as the Fischer- Tropsch derived gasoil feedstock.
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoils are different from crude oil-derived gasoils. Despite having a similar boiling point range, the specific molecular composition of the
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoils may allow for, amongst others, improved viscosity characteristics, improved pour point characteristics, improved density characteristics and in particular a combination of any of the aforementioned characteristics with specific desired flash point characteristics.
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoils may combine a low volatility with a high flash point, whereas the viscosity of such Fischer-Tropsch gasoils may be lower than the viscosity of crude oil-derived gasoil feedstock having a similar volatility and flash point.
  • the different characteristics of the Fischer-Tropsch gasoils, compared to the crude oil-derived gasoils, are generally attributed to their particular isoparaffin to normal paraffin weight ratio (i/n ratio), relative amount of mono-methyl branched isoparaffins and the molecular weight distribution of the paraffins.
  • a particular advantage of the Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoils is that these gasoils are almost colorless. Color as used herein is the Saybolt color as measured by its Saybolt number (ASTM D156: Standard Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products) . A high Saybolt number, +30, indicates colorless fluids, whereas lower Saybolt numbers, in particular below zero, indicate a discoloration. A Saybolt number lower than 25 already indicates the presence of a visually observable
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoils typically have the highest Saybolt number, i.e. +30.
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fractionating the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil, isoparaffins and normal paraffins are distributed unevenly over the fractions and Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fractions may be obtained that have an i/n ratio different from the original Fischer-Tropsch gasoil. Also the relative amount of mono-methyl branched isoparaffins and the molecular weight distribution of the paraffins may be different. As a consequence the viscosity, pour point, density and flash point characteristics of the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fractions may be changed, beyond the change that would be expected on the basis of a fractionation on the basis of boiling ranges alone .
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil contain primarily isoparaffins, however they also contain normal paraffins.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction comprises more than 70 wt% of iso-paraffins , preferably more than 75 wt% of iso-paraffins .
  • a fraction of the Fischer Tropsch gasoil is a narrower boiling range distillation cut of the Fischer
  • the Fischer- Tropsch gasoil fraction has an initial boiling point of at least 260°C and a final boiling point of at most 340°C at atmospheric conditions.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil has an initial boiling point of at least 265°C, more preferably at least 271°C, at atmospheric
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction preferably has a final boiling point of at most 330°C, at atmospheric conditions. Further, the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction preferably has an final boiling point of at most 323°C, at atmospheric conditions.
  • the volatility of the fraction may be reduced which may give higher flash points, which is an important safety characteristic.
  • higher boiling hydrocarbons that normally considered to be part of a heavy tail of the full-range Fischer-Tropsch gasoil a good corrosion prevention may be obtained after forming the metal.
  • a preferred Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has an initial boiling point of at least 271°C and a final boiling point of at most 323°C, at atmospheric
  • boiling points at atmospheric conditions is meant atmospheric boiling points, which boiling points are determined by ASTM D86.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has a T10 vol% boiling point in a range of from 274 to 292°C, more preferably of from 277 to 289°C, most preferably of from 280 to 286°C and a T90 vol% boiling point in a range of from 295 to 313°C, preferably of from 298 to 310°C and more preferably of from 301 to 307°C.
  • T10 vol% boiling point is the temperature
  • T90 vol% boiling point is the temperature corresponding to the atmospheric boiling point at which a cumulative amount of 90 vol% of the product is recovered.
  • ASTM D86 The atmospheric distillation method ASTM D86 is used to determine the level of recovery.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction comprises preferably paraffins having in a range of from 14 to 26 carbon atoms; the Fischer-Tropsch paraffin gasoil fraction comprises preferably at least 70 wt%, more preferably at least 85 wt%, more preferably at least 90 wt%, more preferably at least 95 wt%, and most preferably at least 98 wt% of Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffins having 14 to 26 carbon atoms based on the total amount of Fischer-Tropsch derived paraffins.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction preferably has a density at 15°C according to ASTM D4052 from in a range of 784 kg/m 3 to 790 kg/m 3 , more
  • the kinematic viscosity at 25°C according to ASTM D445 is in a range of from 4.5 to 5.1 cSt, preferably of from 4.6 cSt to 5.0 cSt, and more
  • the flash point the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has a flash point according to ASTM D93 of at least 128 °C, preferably of in a range of from 128 to 142 °C, more preferably of from 131 to 139 °C, and most preferably of from 132 to 138 °C.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has a smoke point according to ASTM D1322 of more than 50 mm.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the present invention comprises less than 500 ppm aromatics, preferably less than 360 ppm
  • aromatics more preferably less than 300 ppm aromatics, less than 3 ppm sulphur, preferably less than 1 ppm sulphur, more preferably less than 0.2 ppm sulphur, less than 1 ppm nitrogen and less than 4wt% naphthenics, preferably less than 3 wt% and more preferably less than
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction preferably comprises less than 0.1 wt% polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, more preferably less than 25 ppm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and most preferably less than 1 ppm polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons .
  • the amount of isoparaffins is suitably more than 70 wt% based on the total amount of paraffins having in a range of from 14 to 26 carbon atoms, preferably more than 75 wt%.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction may comprise normal paraffins, also referred to as n- paraffins, and cyclo-alkanes .
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction preferably has an isoparaffin to normal paraffin weight ratio (also referred to as i/n ratio) of in the range of from 3 to 7, preferably 4 to 6.
  • i/n ratio may advantageously affect amongst others the viscosity of the Fischer- Tropsch gasoil fraction.
  • concentration of isoparaffin may be high enough to benefit a lower overall viscosity.
  • significant amount of normal paraffins may benefit the bio-degradability .
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction comprises in the range of from 20 to 40 wt%, more preferably of from 25 to 35wt%, of mono-methyl branched isoparaffins, based on the total weight of isoparaffins in the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction.
  • Mono-methyl branched isoparaffins exhibit desirable bio degradation characteristic compared to other isoparaffins.
  • a relative high concentration of mono-methyl isoparaffins to other isoparaffins may advantageously affect amongst others the bio degradation characteristics of the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fractions.
  • a higher relative concentration of mono-methyl isoparaffin to other isoparaffins may provide the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction with bio degradation characteristics beyond the bio degradation
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction has a much narrower boiling range compared to the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil, allowing for its use in many applications. Due to its relative highly paraffinic nature and relative low levels of naphthenic and aromatic components and in addition the relative low levels of impurities, the
  • isoparaffinic fluids currently on the market
  • the Fischer- Tropsch gasoil fraction has a more desirable mix of isoparaffins and n-paraffins . While competitive
  • isoparaffinic fluids predominantly contain isoparaffins, and especially the higher boiling isoparaffins, including naphthenic paraffins, this Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction of the invention contains isoparaffins and n-paraffins, while containing very minor amounts of naphthenic
  • isoparaffins The low level of impurities allows for a beneficial use in metal working and process oil
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction of the present invention having its specific composition and branching provides a high flash point while maintaining a viscosity that is relatively low compared to prior art isoparaffinic fluids, at same flash point levels.
  • the combination of a having a low viscosity and at the same time a relatively high flash point may find its benefits in metal working and process oil applications as low viscosity is a highly desired property in metal working and process oil applications. A lower viscosity will allow for efficient metal working
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil feedstock used as a basis for the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction of the present invention
  • WO02/070628 and WO-A-9934917 in particular the process as described in Example VII of WO-A-9934917, using the catalyst of Example III of WO-A-9934917
  • Fischer-Tropsch derived gasoil feedstocks can be clearly distinguished from crude oil-derived gasoil feedstocks.
  • the present invention provides a composition comprising a Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according the invention.
  • a composition comprising a Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according the invention.
  • One particularly preferred composition is a metal working fluid
  • compositions Another particularly preferred composition is a process oil composition.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction may be used in combination with other compounds in the composition.
  • Other compounds that are used in combination with the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction include additives for functional fluid formulations such as, but are not limited to, corrosion and rheology control products, emulsifiers and wetting agents, borehole stabilizers, high pressure and anti-wear additives, de- and anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, and antioxidants.
  • the other compounds comprise one or more compounds of corrosion and rheology control products, emulsifiers and wetting agents, borehole stabilizers, high pressure and anti-wear additives, de- and anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, and antioxidants.
  • the invention provides for the use of the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction in various applications.
  • the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction may be used alone or in combination with other compounds .
  • Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction may be used in many areas, for instance oil and gas exploration and production, process oils, agro chemicals, process chemicals, construction industry, food and related industries, paper, textile and leather, and various household and consumer products.
  • Other compounds that are used in combination with the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction include additives for functional fluid
  • formulations such as, but are not limited to, corrosion and rheology control products, emulsifiers and wetting agents, borehole stabilizers, high pressure and anti-wear additives, de- and anti-foaming agents, pour point depressants, and antioxidants.
  • Preferred applications using the Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the present invention include, but is not limited to, drilling fluids, heating fuels or oil, lamp oil, barbeque lighters, concrete demoulding, pesticide spray oils, paints and coatings, personal care and cosmetics, consumer goods, pharmaceuticals, industrial and institutional cleaning, adhesives, inks, air fresheners, sealants, water treatment, cleaners, polishes, car dewaxers, electric discharge machining, transformer oils, process oil, process chemicals, silicone mastic, two stroke motor cycle oil, metal cleaning, dry cleaning, lubricants, metal work fluid, aluminum roll oil, explosives, chlorinated paraffins, heat setting printing inks, Timber treatment, polymer processing oils, rust prevention oils, shock absorbers, greenhouse fuels, fracturing fluids and fuel additives formulations.
  • the invention provides the use of a Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the invention or a composition comprising such Fischer- Tropsch gasoil fraction in metal working fluids.
  • the invention provides the use of a Fischer-Tropsch gasoil fraction according to the invention or a composition comprising such Fischer- Tropsch gasoil fraction in process oils.
  • a Fischer-Tropsch product was prepared in a process similar to the process as described in Example VII of WO-A-9934917, using the catalyst of Example III of
  • step (a) The C 5 + fraction (liquid at ambient conditions) of the product thus obtained was continuously fed to a hydrocracking step (step (a)) .
  • the C5+ fraction contained about 60 wt% C30+ product.
  • the ratio C50+/C30+ was about 0.55.
  • the hydrocracking step the fraction was contacted with a hydrocracking catalyst of Example 1 of EP-A-532118.
  • the effluent of step (a) was continuously distilled under vacuum to give light products, fuels and a residue "R" boiling from 370 °C and above.
  • WHSV Weight Hourly Space Velocity

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une fraction de gazole Fischer-Tropsch ayant un point d'ébullition initial d'au moins 260 °C et un point d'ébullition final d'au plus 340 °C. Dans un autre aspect, la présente invention concerne une composition et l'utilisation d'une fraction de gazole Fischer-Tropsch selon l'invention.
PCT/EP2015/061516 2014-05-28 2015-05-26 Fraction de gazole fischer-tropsch Ceased WO2015181123A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14170217.5 2014-05-28
EP14170217 2014-05-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015181123A1 true WO2015181123A1 (fr) 2015-12-03

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WO (1) WO2015181123A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0532118A1 (fr) 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Procédé de préparation d'essence
US5906727A (en) 1995-12-08 1999-05-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. High purity paraffinic solvent compositions
WO1999034917A1 (fr) 1997-12-30 1999-07-15 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Catalyseur fischer-tropsh a base de cobalt
WO2002070628A2 (fr) 2001-03-05 2002-09-12 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Elaboration de distillats moyens
US20060111599A1 (en) * 2003-04-11 2006-05-25 Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd. Low sulphur diesel fuel and aviation turbine fuel
US20090111723A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2009-04-30 Nippon Oil Corporation Multifunctional hydrocarbon oil composition

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0532118A1 (fr) 1991-09-12 1993-03-17 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Procédé de préparation d'essence
US5906727A (en) 1995-12-08 1999-05-25 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. High purity paraffinic solvent compositions
WO1999034917A1 (fr) 1997-12-30 1999-07-15 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Catalyseur fischer-tropsh a base de cobalt
WO2002070628A2 (fr) 2001-03-05 2002-09-12 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Elaboration de distillats moyens
US20060111599A1 (en) * 2003-04-11 2006-05-25 Sasol Technology (Pty) Ltd. Low sulphur diesel fuel and aviation turbine fuel
US20090111723A1 (en) * 2006-03-31 2009-04-30 Nippon Oil Corporation Multifunctional hydrocarbon oil composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SAMANEH HAJIPOUR ET AL: "Uncertainty analysis applied to thermodynamic models and process design 1. Pure components", FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 307, no. 1, 21 May 2011 (2011-05-21), pages 78 - 94, XP028231010, ISSN: 0378-3812, [retrieved on 20110527], DOI: 10.1016/J.FLUID.2011.05.014 *

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