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WO2015172470A1 - 补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置及方法 - Google Patents

补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2015172470A1
WO2015172470A1 PCT/CN2014/086211 CN2014086211W WO2015172470A1 WO 2015172470 A1 WO2015172470 A1 WO 2015172470A1 CN 2014086211 W CN2014086211 W CN 2014086211W WO 2015172470 A1 WO2015172470 A1 WO 2015172470A1
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Prior art keywords
current
voltage
elvdd
display
display screen
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王颖
张林涛
刘铭
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display technology, in particular, a device for compensating for an active area DC voltage drop (IR drop), having the compensation display screen
  • a display device for a DC voltage drop in an active region and a method for compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active region of the display screen are examples of active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display technology.
  • IR drop active area DC voltage drop
  • the luminance of the organic light emitting diode is proportional to the driving current and proportional to the square of the driving voltage signal. Therefore, in the low gray scale display state, the luminance of the OLED is The change in the drive voltage signal is very sensitive.
  • the IR drop on the power signal line causes a change in the driving voltage signal of the OLED device, thereby affecting the uniformity of the display effect of the active area (AA) in the AMOLED display system, Compensation techniques are often introduced in backplane circuit design to compensate for OLED device drive voltage signals, where external compensation is a commonly used compensation method.
  • the external compensation uses a pixel circuit with compensation function and a customized driver chip to compensate the current or voltage of the active area of the display screen in the AMOLED display system.
  • the pixel circuit structure used is, for example, 3 transistors and 1 capacitor (3T1C) or 4 transistors and 2 capacitors (4T2C), etc., and the activation of the compensation mechanism often requires peripheral modules.
  • the circuit provides specific modules to complete.
  • the current range required for the illumination of the OLED device is from 0 mA to the black screen to hundreds of milliamps showing the pure white picture, and the independence is added.
  • the lead resistance of the DC-DC power supply to the active area is usually several ohms, so that the power supply voltage drop transmitted to the pixel unit of the active area of the display screen ranges from 0 to several hundred millivolts. Since the pixel unit display brightness of the OLED device is proportional to the square of the power supply voltage, the pixel unit display brightness of the OLED device is very sensitive to changes in the driving voltage signal in a low gray scale display state, and this voltage drop, that is, IR drop, causes The uneven display effect of the active area has a great influence on the display brightness of the active area.
  • the IR drop is related to the content of the screen display, the presence of the IR drop also makes it difficult to accurately set the value of the parameter ⁇ used by the display screen to characterize the distortion of the input signal by the output image.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a device for compensating the IR drop of the active area of the display screen, having the active area IR drop of the compensation display screen.
  • the display device of the device and the method for compensating the IR drop of the display active area are provided.
  • the present invention provides a device for compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active area of a display screen having an ELVDD (Electroluminescent Voltage Drain Drain) bus and a matrix of a plurality of pixel units in an active region.
  • ELVDD Electrode Voltage Drain Drain
  • the apparatus includes an input signal comparator coupled to the ELVDD lead, configured to detect current or voltage consumption of a current display picture on the ELVDD bus in real time, converting the detected current or voltage consumption into a digital signal; And configured to receive a digital signal from the input signal comparator, compare the received digital signal with a current or voltage consumption reference value of the current display screen, to obtain a current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display screen; And a voltage signal modulating device coupled to the ELVDD lead, configured to receive a current or voltage compensation value from the processor, generate a compensation voltage based on the received current or voltage compensation value, and then feed the compensation voltage back to the ELVDD lead. In turn, a compensation voltage will be applied to each pixel cell through the ELVDD bus of the active region, thereby enabling external dynamic compensation of the DC voltage drop in the active region of the display screen.
  • the present invention provides a method for external dynamic compensation of a DC voltage drop in an active area of a display screen having an ELVDD bus in an active area And an array of pixel cells formed by a plurality of pixel units in a matrix form, each pixel unit being connected to the ELVDD bus, the ELVDD bus being connected to the driving integrated circuit through an ELVDD lead, the method comprising:
  • a compensation voltage is generated based on the current or voltage compensation value, which is then fed back to the ELVDD lead of the display.
  • the present invention provides a display device including a display screen and a device for compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active area of the display screen, wherein
  • the display screen has an ELVDD bus in the active area and a pixel unit array formed by a plurality of pixel units in a matrix form, each pixel unit is connected to the ELVDD bus, and the ELVDD bus is connected to the driving integrated circuit through an ELVDD lead;
  • the device for compensating the DC voltage drop of the active area of the display screen includes:
  • An input signal comparator coupled to the ELVDD lead, configured to detect current or voltage consumption of the current display picture on the ELVDD bus in real time, and convert the detected current or voltage consumption into a digital signal;
  • the processor is configured to receive the digital signal from the input signal comparator, compare the received digital signal with a current or voltage consumption reference value of the current display picture, to obtain a current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display picture ;as well as
  • a voltage signal modulating device coupled to the ELVDD lead is configured to receive a current or voltage compensation value from the processor, generate a compensation voltage based on the received current or voltage compensation value, and then feed the compensation voltage back to the ELVDD lead.
  • the display signal outputted by the driver integrated circuit (IC) on the ELVDD lead of the display screen is detected in real time, and the compensation voltage fed back to the ELVDD lead of the display screen is adjusted according to the display signal, so that the active area of the display screen is What is displayed, the compensation voltage fed back to the ELVDD lead of the display can be changed according to the change of the display screen, and the external dynamic compensation of the DC voltage drop of the active area of the display screen is realized, so that the active area of the display screen is unified and stable.
  • the fixed ELVDD voltage which in turn effectively improves the display quality of the display system.
  • the judgment of whether the DC voltage drop of the active area of the display screen needs to be compensated can be directly judged based on the digital signal outputted by the driving IC of the display active area, and no digital simulation conversion is needed, and the process is realized. Simple and easy to implement.
  • the compensation for the IR drop of the active area of the display screen is to feed back the compensation voltage to the ELVDD lead of the display screen, and then to each pixel unit of the active area of the display screen through the ELVDD bus of the active area of the display screen.
  • the external dynamic compensation of the DC voltage drop in the active area of the display screen is realized, so the related circuit design of the signal sampling and the input of the compensation signal is relatively simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device including a display screen and means for compensating for a DC voltage drop in the active area of the display screen in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an input signal comparator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a pixel circuit employing an internal compensation method in the prior art.
  • 4a and 4b are luminance-voltage curves and current density-voltage curves, respectively, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a resistor network of an active region in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method for compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active area of a display screen in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 display 2 input signal comparator, 3 processor, 4 voltage signal modulation device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device including a display screen and a device for compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active area of a display screen, the display device including a display screen 1, an input signal comparator 2, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a display screen 1 is used to display a picture, including an ELVDD bus, a pixel unit array composed of a plurality of pixel units in a matrix form, ELVDD leads a and a', a fanout area s, a driver IC, and a soft Flexible Print Circuit (FPC), and line drive circuit (GOA) and electrostatic protection (ESD) circuits around the active area.
  • the active area (AA') is also referred to as a pixel area, and is an area where the ELVDD bus and the pixel unit array are located, and a plurality of pixel units constituting the pixel unit array are connected to the ELVDD bus, and the ELVDD bus is an external power source. The supplied voltage is traced inside the display.
  • the ELVDD bus is connected to the driver IC through the ELVDD pin.
  • the active area is connected to the driver IC through the Fanout area s.
  • the Fanout area s is between the driver IC and the ELVDD bus of the active area.
  • the area where the lead is located, the GOA circuit is used to provide a line scan signal for the pixel unit, and the static electricity protection circuit is used for electrostatic protection of various signal lines on the display screen.
  • the input signal comparator 2 detects the current or voltage consumption of the current display picture on the ELVDD bus in real time, and converts the detected current or voltage consumption into a digital signal.
  • the processor 3 receives the digital signal from the input signal comparator 2, compares the received digital signal with the current or voltage consumption reference value of the current display picture, and obtains a current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display picture.
  • the voltage signal modulating device 4 receives a current or voltage compensation value from the processor 3, generates a compensation voltage according to the received current or voltage compensation value, and then feeds the compensation voltage to the ELVDD lead of the display 1, and then passes through the ELVDD of the display 1.
  • a bus is applied to each pixel unit to achieve external dynamic compensation of the DC voltage drop in the active area of the display.
  • the current or voltage consumption of the current display picture on the ELVDD bus is equal to the sum of the current or voltage consumption of each pixel cell in the active region under the current display picture.
  • the input signal comparator 2 calculates the sum of the current or voltage consumption of each pixel unit under the current display screen as the current or voltage consumption of the current display picture on the ELVDD bus.
  • the processor 3 may have a random access memory (RAM) in which is stored a lookup table configured in advance based on an input signal on the ELVDD lead, the lookup table including at least an input signal on the ELVDD lead and a current display picture current or voltage Consumes the mapping between benchmark values.
  • the input signal on the ELVDD lead is from the driver IC of display 1 Displaying a signal, calculating a gray value of each pixel unit in an ideal case according to the display signal, and then calculating a current or voltage value consumed by each pixel unit in an ideal case according to the gray value, and the sum of the current or voltage values is
  • the current display picture current or voltage consumption reference value is used to obtain a mapping between the input signal and the current display picture current or voltage consumption reference value.
  • the current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display picture is the difference between the current or voltage consumption detected by the input signal comparator 2 in real time and the current display picture current or voltage consumption reference value.
  • the input signal comparator detects the current consumption of the current display picture on the ELVDD bus in real time, and details the embodiment below. Description.
  • the OLED display is self-illuminating technology
  • the pixel current is the smallest, close to 0, and the current consumed on the ELVDD bus of the display 1 is also minimized.
  • the full white screen is displayed, the pixel current is the largest, and the current consumed on the ELVDD bus of the display 1 is also the largest. Therefore, when the input signal comparator 2 detects the current consumption of the display screen of the display screen 1, when the display screen 1 displays different gray scale pictures, the compensation voltages fed back to the display screen 1 by the voltage signal modulation means 4 are different.
  • the digital signal, at this time, the schematic diagram of the input signal comparator is shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the input signal comparator in one embodiment of the present invention, wherein "b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0" is 8-bit display data, "10000000” "For the reference data of the input signal comparator, when the input "b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0" is "10000000", that is, when the input signal is the display data of the 128th gray level, the input signal comparator output is logic "1", that is, The detected current consumption is converted to a digital signal and output to the processor. It should be noted that, because the system resources required for accurate compensation are relatively large, in general, only display data higher than 127 gray scales can be counted, thereby only compensating for high gray scale data.
  • the processor 3 After receiving the digital signal output by the input signal comparator 2, the processor 3 sends the digital signal The number is compared with the current consumption reference value of the current display picture stored in the RAM, and the difference between the two is a current compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display picture, and then the current compensation value is output to the voltage signal modulation device 4 .
  • the voltage signal modulating device 4 generates a compensation voltage according to the current compensation value received from the processor 3, and then feeds the compensation voltage to the ELVDD lead of the display screen, and then applies to each pixel unit through the ELVDD bus of the display screen to realize the display. External dynamic compensation of DC voltage drop in the active area of the screen.
  • the internal compensation method is to introduce a compensation signal into the pixel circuit.
  • This internal compensation method can accurately compensate for each pixel and achieve better compensation effect.
  • the pixel circuit that can realize this compensation mode is shown in FIG.
  • this internal compensation method requires a compensation circuit with ELVDD compensation function in the pixel circuit, resulting in a pixel circuit generally having at least 3 or more thin film field effect transistor (TFT) devices, and for high resolution
  • TFT thin film field effect transistor
  • the external compensation mode is to compensate the active area of the display screen, that is, to perform voltage compensation on the ELVDD bus of the display screen, and directly improve the power supply level of the entire active area ELVDD bus.
  • This compensation mode has a simple circuit structure for each The pixels do not add extra design, and have high practical value for the design of high-resolution display backplane.
  • an external compensation method is adopted.
  • the processor 3 calculates the current value to be compensated when the picture currently displayed on the display screen needs to be compensated, and the processor 3 calculates the current value to be compensated by using a lookup table.
  • the lookup table includes at least a mapping relationship between an input signal on the ELVDD lead and a current display picture current consumption reference value.
  • the input signal on the ELVDD lead is a display signal from the driving integrated circuit of the display screen 1.
  • the processor 3 calculates the gray value of each pixel unit in the active area of the display screen according to the display signal according to the design, and then The current value consumed by each pixel unit in an ideal case is calculated based on the gradation value, and the sum of the current values is the current display picture current consumption reference value.
  • the current compensation value required to compensate for the current display picture is the difference between the current consumption detected by the input signal comparator 2 and the current display picture current consumption reference value.
  • the specific value of the information in the lookup table is according to the actual situation. For calculations, the calculation is based on the luminance-current-voltage operating curve of the OLED device, ie the IVL curve of the OLED. 4a and 4b show luminance-voltage curves and current density-voltage curves, respectively, in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Rh is the resistance of the horizontal power supply signal line
  • R h ⁇ (W / L)
  • ⁇ is the sheet resistance of the layer wiring metal
  • W is the line width
  • L is the line length
  • R v is the resistance of the power signal line in the vertical direction
  • R v ⁇ (W / L)
  • ⁇ is the sheet resistance of the layer wiring metal
  • W is the line width
  • L is the line length
  • each OLED device can be equivalent to an ideal current source connected in series at the intersection of the line scan signal and the column scan surface signal.
  • the current signal size of the ideal current source corresponds to the specific brightness of the OLED device during illumination.
  • the current value, I r represents the current value of the red sub-pixel
  • I g is the current value of the green sub-pixel
  • I b is the current value of the blue sub-pixel, and the most serious position of the IR drop occurs when the full white screen is displayed.
  • the voltage value of the IR drop at the center of the active area at the full white screen can be used as the compensation voltage value of ELVDD.
  • IR is the compensation voltage.
  • the processor 3 can be implemented by using a programmable gate array (FPGA), an IC chip or other controller device, and the voltage signal modulation device 4 can be implemented by a DC-DC power supply.
  • FPGA programmable gate array
  • the voltage signal modulation device 4 can be implemented by a DC-DC power supply.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the compensation of the DC voltage drop of the active area of the display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Method flow diagram the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 Real-time detection of the current or voltage consumption of the current display screen on the ELVDD bus of the display active area, and converting the detected current or voltage consumption into a digital signal;
  • Step 2 comparing the digital signal with a current or voltage consumption reference value of the current display screen to obtain a current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display screen;
  • Step 3 Generate a compensation voltage according to the current or voltage compensation value, and then feed the compensation voltage to the ELVDD lead of the display, and then apply to each pixel single through the ELVDD bus. Element, to achieve external dynamic compensation of the DC voltage drop in the active area of the display.
  • the current or voltage consumption of the current display screen in the active area ELVDD bus of the display screen in step 1 is equal to the sum of the current or voltage consumption of each pixel unit in the active area under the current display screen, and the current display screen is displayed in real time.
  • the current or voltage consumption on the ELVDD bus of the active area of the screen is calculated by calculating the sum of the current or voltage consumption of each pixel unit under the current display screen. This step can be implemented, for example, by a comparator.
  • Step 2 may be implemented, for example, by a processor having a random access memory having a lookup table configured in advance based on an input signal on an ELVDD lead, the lookup table including at least an input signal and a current display picture current or voltage Consumes the mapping between benchmark values.
  • the input signal on the ELVDD lead is a display signal from a driving integrated circuit of the display screen, and the processor calculates a gray value of each pixel unit in an ideal case according to the display signal, and then calculates the gray value according to the gray value.
  • the current or voltage value consumed by each pixel unit, the sum of the current or voltage values is the current display picture current or voltage consumption reference value.
  • the processor compares the received digital signal with a current or voltage consumption reference value of a current display picture stored in the self-random memory to obtain a current or voltage compensation value that needs to compensate for the current display picture, the current or voltage compensation value. Is the difference between the current or voltage consumption detected by the input signal comparator in real time and the current display picture current or voltage consumption reference value.
  • Step 3 can be implemented, for example, by a voltage signal modulator.
  • a method of compensating for a DC voltage drop in an active area of a display screen in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by circuitry of other constructions.
  • the comparator, processor, and modulator can be combined into fewer, for example, one or two units, or can be re-divided into more units, again compensating for DC voltage drop in the active area of the display screen.
  • the random access memory storing the lookup table can be other types of memory or present external to the processor and can be read by the processor.
  • the apparatus and method for compensating the DC voltage drop of the active area of the display screen and the display apparatus including the same provided by the present invention detect the display signal input by the driving IC on the ELVDD lead of the display screen in real time. And adjusting the compensation voltage fed back to the ELVDD lead of the display according to the display signal, so that the compensation voltage fed back to the ELVDD lead of the display can be changed according to the change of the display screen regardless of what is displayed in the active area of the display screen.
  • the external dynamic compensation of the IR drop of the display active area is realized, so that the display active area has a uniform and stable ELVDD voltage, thereby effectively improving the display quality of the display system.
  • the input signal comparator detects the current consumption of the current display screen on the ELVDD bus of the display active area, and the processor compares the received digital signal with the current consumption reference value of the current display screen to obtain A current compensation value that requires compensation for the current display screen.
  • the real-time detection by the input signal comparator may also be the voltage consumption of the current display screen on the ELVDD bus of the display active area, and the processor compares the received digital signal with the voltage consumption reference value of the current display screen. A voltage compensation value that requires compensation for the current display screen is obtained.

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Abstract

一种补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置及方法，该装置包括：输入信号比较器，被配置为实时检测当前显示画面在ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；处理器，被配置为接收数字信号，将接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；电压信号调制装置，被配置为接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接收的电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将补偿电压反馈给ELVDD引线。由此，反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线的补偿电压能够随显示画面的变化而改变，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行外部动态补偿，有效地改善了显示系统的显示画质。

Description

补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及有源矩阵有机发光二极体(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode，AMOLED)显示技术领域，尤其是一种补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降(IR drop)的装置、具有该补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置的显示装置及对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法。
背景技术
在AMOLED显示系统中，有机发光二极管(Organic Light Emitting Diode，OLED)的发光亮度与驱动电流成正比，并与驱动电压信号的平方成正比，故在低灰度显示状态下，OLED的发光亮度对于驱动电压信号的变化十分敏感。在AMOLED显示系统内，由于电源信号线上的IR drop会引起OLED器件驱动电压信号的变化，从而影响AMOLED显示系统内显示屏有源区(Active Area，AA′)显示效果的均匀性，故在背板电路设计中常常引入补偿技术来对OLED器件驱动电压信号进行补偿，其中外部补偿是常常采用的一种补偿方式。
外部补偿是采用具有补偿功能的像素电路和定制的驱动芯片来实现对AMOLED显示系统内显示屏有源区的电流或电压的补偿。采用的像素电路结构例如是3个晶体管1个电容器(3 transistors and 1 capacitor，3T1C)或4个晶体管2个电容器(4 transistors and 2 capacitors，4T2C)等，而补偿机制的启动常常需要外围模组电路提供特定的模块来完成。
对于AMOLED显示系统而言，为使OLED器件发光，需要消耗较大电流，而AMOLED显示系统内显示屏的驱动集成电路(Integrated Circuit，IC)的电源驱动能力较弱，无法提供相应的电流，需要外加独立的直流-直流(DC-DC)电源来提供相应的电流。实际使用中发现，由于AMOLED显示系统内显示屏有源区显示画面的不同，OLED器件发光所需电流范围是从黑画面的接近0毫安到显示纯白画面的上百毫安，而外加独立的 DC-DC电源到有源区的引线电阻通常是有几个欧姆，这样传输到显示屏有源区像素单元上的电源电压降范围是0～几百毫伏。由于OLED器件的像素单元显示亮度与电源电压的平方成正比，因此在低灰度显示状态下OLED器件的像素单元显示亮度对于驱动电压信号的变化非常敏感，这个电压降，即IR drop，会造成有源区显示效果的不均匀，对有源区显示亮度的影响非常大。
同时，由于IR drop与画面显示内容有关，IR drop的存在也使得显示屏用于表征输出图像对输入信号失真的参数γ的值难以准确设置。
发明内容
有鉴于此，为了改善AMOLED显示系统内显示屏有源区的显示画质，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种补偿显示屏有源区IR drop的装置、具有该补偿显示屏有源区IR drop的装置的显示装置及对显示屏有源区IR drop进行补偿的方法。
为达到上述目的的一个方面，本发明提供了一种补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD(Electroluminescent Voltage Drain Drain)总线及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路。该装置包括：输入信号比较器，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；处理器，被配置为从所述输入信号比较器接收数字信号，将所接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；以及电压信号调制装置，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为从所述处理器接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接收的电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给该ELVDD引线。进而，补偿电压将通过有源区的ELVDD总线被施加至每个像素单元，从而实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降的外部动态补偿。
为达到上述目的的另一个方面，本发明提供了一种对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行外部动态补偿的方法，该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD总线 及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路，该方法包括：
实时检测当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
将所述数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；
根据该电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给显示屏的ELVDD引线。
为达到上述目的的再一个方面，本发明提供了一种显示装置，包括显示屏和补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其中，
该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD总线及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路；
该补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置包括：
输入信号比较器，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
处理器，被配置为从所述输入信号比较器接收数字信号，将接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；以及
电压信号调制装置，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为从所述处理器接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接收的电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给该ELVDD引线。
从上述技术方案可以看出，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、利用本发明，通过实时检测显示屏ELVDD引线上的驱动集成电路(IC)输出的显示信号，并根据该显示信号来调整反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线的补偿电压，使得不论显示屏有源区显示什么内容，反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线的补偿电压均能够随显示画面的变化而改变，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行外部动态补偿，从而使显示屏有源区具有统一和稳 定的ELVDD电压，进而有效地改善了显示系统的显示画质。
2、利用本发明，对于是否需要对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的判断，可以基于显示屏有源区驱动IC输出的数字信号来直接判断，无需再进行数字模拟的转化，实现过程简单，容易实现。
3、利用本发明，对于显示屏有源区IR drop的补偿，是将补偿电压反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线，进而通过显示屏有源区的ELVDD总线施加至显示屏有源区每个像素单元，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降的外部动态补偿，所以信号采样和补偿信号的输入的相关电路设计都相对来说比较简单。
附图说明
图1是依照本发明实施例的包括显示屏和补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置的显示装置的示意图。
图2是依照本发明实施例的输入信号比较器的结构示意图。
图3是现有技术中采用内部补偿方式的像素电路的电路图。
图4a和图4b分别是依照本发明实施例的亮度-电压曲线及电流密度-电压曲线。
图5是依照本发明实施例的有源区的电阻网络等效电路图。
图6是依照本发明实施例的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法流程图。
附图标记：
1显示屏，2输入信号比较器，3处理器，4电压信号调制装置。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明进一步详细说明。
如图1所示，图1是依照本发明实施例的包括显示屏和补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置的显示装置的示意图，该显示装置包括显示屏1、输入信号比较器2、处理器3和电压信号调制装置4，其中输入信号比较器2、处理器3和电压信号调制装置4依次连接构成补偿显示屏有源区直 流电压降的装置，且输入信号比较器2和电压信号调制装置4均连接于显示屏1的ELVDD引线。
图1中，显示屏1用以显示画面，包括ELVDD总线、由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列、ELVDD引线a和a′、扇出(Fanout)区s、驱动IC、软性印刷电路(Flexible Print Circuit，FPC)、以及有源区四周的行驱动电路(GOA)和静电防护(ESD)电路等。其中，有源区(Active Area，AA′)亦称为像素区，是ELVDD总线和像素单元阵列所在的区域，构成像素单元阵列的多个像素单元均与ELVDD总线相连接，ELVDD总线是外部电源提供的电压在显示屏内部的走线，ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动IC，有源区与驱动IC之间通过Fanout区s连接，Fanout区s是驱动IC与有源区的ELVDD总线之间的引线所在的区域，GOA电路用于为像素单元提供行扫描信号，静电防护电路用于为显示屏上的各种信号线进行静电保护。
在该补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置中，输入信号比较器2实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号。处理器3从输入信号比较器2接收数字信号，将接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值。电压信号调制装置4从处理器3接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接收的该电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给显示屏1的ELVDD引线，进而通过显示屏1的ELVDD总线施加至每个像素单元，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降的外部动态补偿。
图1中，当前显示画面在ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗等于在当前显示画面下有源区各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和。输入信号比较器2对当前显示画面下各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和进行计算，作为当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗。
作为示例，处理器3可以具有随机存储器(RAM)，该RAM中存储有预先基于ELVDD引线上的输入信号配置的查找表，该查找表至少包括ELVDD引线上的输入信号与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射关系。ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏1的驱动集成电路的 显示信号，根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流或电压值，该电流或电压值的总和即为当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值，从而得到输入信号与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射。需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值是输入信号比较器2实时检测到的该电流或电压消耗与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的差值。
在本发明的一个实施例中，假定当前显示画面由红绿蓝(RGB)三原色形成，输入信号比较器实时检测的是当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流消耗，以下对该实施例进行详细说明。
对于由RGB三原色形成的显示画面，输入信号比较器2实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流消耗Itotal＝(Ired+Igreen+Iblue)×M×N，其中Ired、Igreen和Iblue分别为红绿蓝三原色对应的三个子像素的电流，M为有源区数据线列数，N为有源区扫描线行数。
由于OLED显示为自发光技术，所以显示全黑画面时，像素电流最小，接近于0，此时显示屏1的ELVDD总线上消耗的电流亦为最小。而当显示全白画面时，像素电流最大，此时显示屏1的ELVDD总线上消耗的电流亦为最大。因此，输入信号比较器2在检测显示屏1显示画面的电流消耗的过程中，显示屏1显示不同灰阶画面时，电压信号调制装置4反馈给显示屏1的补偿电压不相同。
为了实现256灰阶的显示画面，一般驱动IC提供给显示屏有源区的显示信号为R∶G∶B＝8∶8∶8的24位的数字信号，对于单色画面，即为8位的数字信号，此时输入信号比较器的示意图如图2所示，图2示出的是本发明一个实施例中输入信号比较器的结构示意图，其中“b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0”为8位显示数据，“10000000”为输入信号比较器的参考数据，当输入“b7b6b5b4b3b2b1b0”为“10000000”时，即输入信号为第128灰阶的显示数据时，该输入信号比较器输出(output)为逻辑“1”，即将检测到的该电流消耗转化为数字信号并输出给处理器。需要说明的是，由于精确补偿需要使用的系统资源比较多，一般情况下可只统计高于127灰阶的显示数据，从而仅实现对高灰阶数据的补偿。
处理器3在接收到输入信号比较器2输出的数字信号后，将该数字信 号与自身RAM所存储的当前显示画面的电流消耗基准值进行比较，二者的差值即为需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流补偿值，然后将该电流补偿值输出给电压信号调制装置4。电压信号调制装置4根据接收自处理器3的该电流补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给显示屏的ELVDD引线，进而通过显示屏的ELVDD总线施加至每个像素单元，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降的外部动态补偿。
目前针对当前显示画面进行补偿有两种方式，一种是采用内部补偿方式，另一种是采用外部补偿方式。内部补偿方式是在像素电路中引入补偿信号。此种内部补偿方式可以针对每个像素进行准确的补偿，实现较好的补偿效果，可实现此种补偿方式的像素电路如图3所示。但是此种内部补偿方式需要在像素电路中加入具有ELVDD补偿功能的补偿电路，导致像素电路一般具有至少3个或者更多的薄膜场效应晶体管(Thin Film Transistor，TFT)器件，而对于高分辨率显示来说，随着像素面积的不断减小，此种内部补偿方式最终将面临巨大的挑战，大大提高了像素电路的复杂性，对像素电路的版图设计要求较高，因而导致实现过程复杂，实现成本较高。故对于高分辨率显示，采用外部补偿方式可能更为合适。
外部补偿方式是对于显示屏的有源区进行整体补偿，即在显示屏的ELVDD总线上进行电压补偿，直接提升整个有源区ELVDD总线的供电水平，此种补偿方式，电路结构简单，对于每个像素不会增加额外的设计，对于高分辨率的显示背板的设计，具有很高的实用价值。
本实施例中采用外部补偿方式。处理器3在显示屏1当前显示的画面需要补偿时计算出应补偿的电流值，处理器3计算应补偿的电流值是采用查找表的方式实现的。该查找表至少包括ELVDD引线上的输入信号与当前显示画面电流消耗基准值之间的映射关系。ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏1的驱动集成电路的显示信号，处理器3按照设计的不同，根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下显示屏有源区各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流值，该电流值的总和即为当前显示画面电流消耗基准值。而需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流补偿值是输入信号比较器2实时检测到的该电流消耗与当前显示画面电流消耗基准值之间的差值。
由于该查找表中的信息，即ELVDD引线上的输入信号与当前显示画面电流消耗基准值之间的映射关系，与OLED器件的性能相关，所以该查找表中信息的具体数值是按照实际情况来进行计算的，计算的依据是OLED器件的亮度-电流-电压工作曲线，即OLED的IVL曲线。图4a和图4b分别示出了本发明实施例中的亮度-电压曲线及电流密度-电压曲线。
对于补偿电流的大小，可以根据IR drop的大小进行估算。整个有源区可以等效为图5所示的电阻网络图，其中Rh为水平方向的电源信号线的电阻，Rh＝ρ(W/L)，其中ρ为该层布线金属的方块电阻，W为线宽，L为线长。Rv为垂直方向的电源信号线的电阻，Rv＝ρ(W/L)，其中ρ为该层布线金属的方块电阻，W为线宽，L为线长。
在实际应用中，每一个OLED器件可以等效为一个理想电流源，串联在行扫描信号与列扫面信号的交点上，该理想电流源的电流信号大小为发光时OLED器件的特定亮度对应的电流值，用Ir表示红色子像素的电流值，Ig为绿色子像素的电流值，Ib为蓝色子像素的电流值，则IR drop最严重的位置发生在显示全白画面时，整个有源区的中心对称点的位置的附近。可以采用全白画面时有源区中心点的IR drop的电压值，作为ELVDD的补偿电压值，则在补偿时，ELVDD上的电压为ELVDD＝ELVDD′+IR，其中ELVDD′为补偿前的电压，IR为补偿电压。
在本发明实施例中，处理器3可以采用可编程门列阵(FPGA)、IC芯片或者其他控制器器件实现，电压信号调制装置4可以采用直流-直流(DC-DC)电源实现。
基于图1至图5所示的包括显示屏和补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置的显示装置，图6示出了依照本发明实施例的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法流程图，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1：实时检测当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
步骤2：将该数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；
步骤3：根据该电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给显示屏的ELVDD引线，进而通过ELVDD总线施加至每个像素单 元，实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降的外部动态补偿。
其中，步骤1中所述当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗等于在当前显示画面下有源区各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和，实时检测当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗是对当前显示画面下各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和进行计算实现的。该步骤可以例如由比较器来实现。
步骤2可以例如由处理器实现，所述处理器具有随机存储器，该随机存储器中存储有预先基于ELVDD引线上的输入信号配置的查找表，该查找表至少包括输入信号与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射关系。所述ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏的驱动集成电路的显示信号，所述处理器根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流或电压值，该电流或电压值的总和即为当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值。所述处理器将接收的数字信号与自身随机存储器所存储的当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值，该电流或电压补偿值是所述输入信号比较器实时检测到的该电流或电压消耗与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的差值。
步骤3可以例如由电压信号调制器来实现。
当然，本发明实施例并不局限于此。可以由其他结构的电路来实现根据本发明实施例的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法。例如，所述比较器、处理器和调制器可以合并为更少的、例如一个或两个单元，或者可以重新划分为更多个单元，同样实现对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法。再例如，存储查找表的随机存储器可以是其他类型的存储器，或者存在于处理器外部并可由处理器读取。
从上述实施例可以看出，本发明提供的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的装置、方法以及含有该装置的显示装置，通过实时检测显示屏ELVDD引线上的驱动IC输入的显示信号，并根据该显示信号来调整反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线的补偿电压，使得不论显示屏有源区显示什么内容，反馈给显示屏ELVDD引线的补偿电压均能够随显示画面的变化而改变， 实现对显示屏有源区IR drop进行外部动态补偿，从而使显示屏有源区具有统一和稳定的ELVDD电压，进而有效地改善了显示系统的显示画质。
在上述实施例中，输入信号比较器实时检测的是当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流消耗，处理器将接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流补偿值。在实际应用中，输入信号比较器实时检测的也可以是当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电压消耗，处理器将接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电压补偿值。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD总线及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路，该装置包括：
    输入信号比较器，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
    处理器，被配置为从所述输入信号比较器接收数字信号，将所接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；以及
    电压信号调制装置，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为从所述处理器接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接收的电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给该ELVDD引线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述输入信号比较器被配置为对当前显示画面下各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和进行计算，作为当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具有随机存储器，该随机存储器中存储有预先基于ELVDD引线上的输入信号配置的查找表，该查找表至少包括输入信号与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射关系。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏的驱动集成电路的显示信号，根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流或电压值，该电流或电压值的总和即为当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值是所述 输入信号比较器实时检测到的电流或电压消耗与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的差值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器采用可编程门列阵或集成电路芯片实现。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其特征在于，所述电压信号调制装置采用直流-直流电源实现。
  8. 一种对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法，该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD总线及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路，该方法包括：
    实时检测当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
    将所述数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；
    根据该电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给显示屏的ELVDD引线。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法，其特征在于，检测当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗包括：计算当前显示画面下各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和，作为当前显示画面在显示屏有源区ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法，其特征在于，所述当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值存储于预先基于ELVDD引线上的输入信号配置的查找表中，该查找表至少包括输入信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射关系。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的方法，其特征在于，所述ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏的驱动集成电路的显示信号，根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流或电压值，该电流或电压值的总和即为当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的对显示屏有源区直流电压降进行补偿的 方法，其特征在于，所述需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值是实时检测到的电流或电压消耗与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的差值。
  13. 一种显示装置，包括显示屏和补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置，其中，
    该显示屏在有源区具有ELVDD总线及由多个像素单元以矩阵形式构成的像素单元阵列，每个像素单元均与该ELVDD总线相连接，该ELVDD总线通过ELVDD引线连接于驱动集成电路；
    该补偿显示屏有源区直流电压降的装置包括：
    输入信号比较器，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为实时检测当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗，将检测到的该电流或电压消耗转化为数字信号；
    处理器，被配置为从所述输入信号比较器接收数字信号，将所接收的数字信号与当前显示画面的电流或电压消耗基准值进行比较，得到需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值；以及
    电压信号调制装置，连接于该ELVDD引线，被配置为从所述处理器接收电流或电压补偿值，根据接的电流或电压补偿值产生补偿电压，然后将该补偿电压反馈给该ELVDD引线。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述输入信号比较器被配置为对当前显示画面下各像素单元电流或电压消耗的总和进行计算，作为当前显示画面在该ELVDD总线上的电流或电压消耗。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述处理器具有随机存储器，该随机存储器中存储有预先基于ELVDD引线上的输入信号配置的查找表，该查找表至少包括输入信号与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的映射关系。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述ELVDD引线上的输入信号是来自显示屏的驱动集成电路的显示信号，根据该显示信号计算出理想情况下各像素单元的灰度值，然后根据该灰度值计算出在理想情况下各像素单元消耗的电流或电压值，该电流或电压值的总和即为当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述需要对当前显示画面进行补偿的电流或电压补偿值是所述输入信号比较器实时检测到的电流或电压消耗与当前显示画面电流或电压消耗基准值之间的差值。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述处理器采用可编程门列阵或集成电路芯片实现。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述电压信号调制装置采用直流-直流电源实现。
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