WO2015170406A1 - ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 - Google Patents
ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015170406A1 WO2015170406A1 PCT/JP2014/062486 JP2014062486W WO2015170406A1 WO 2015170406 A1 WO2015170406 A1 WO 2015170406A1 JP 2014062486 W JP2014062486 W JP 2014062486W WO 2015170406 A1 WO2015170406 A1 WO 2015170406A1
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- light
- display device
- head
- image
- light source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
- B60K35/211—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
- B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
- B60K35/231—Head-up displays [HUD] characterised by their arrangement or structure for integration into vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
- B60K35/28—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor characterised by the type of the output information, e.g. video entertainment or vehicle dynamics information; characterised by the purpose of the output information, e.g. for attracting the attention of the driver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/40—Instruments specially adapted for improving the visibility thereof to the user, e.g. fogging prevention or anti-reflection arrangements
- B60K35/425—Anti-reflection arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
- B60K35/60—Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K37/00—Dashboards
- B60K37/20—Dashboard panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/04—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions
- G09G3/06—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources
- G09G3/12—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of a single character by selection from a plurality of characters, or by composing the character by combination of individual elements, e.g. segments using a combination of such display devices for composing words, rows or the like, in a frame with fixed character positions using controlled light sources using electroluminescent elements
- G09G3/14—Semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/2003—Display of colours
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3102—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators
- H04N9/3111—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] using two-dimensional electronic spatial light modulators for displaying the colours sequentially, e.g. by using sequentially activated light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
- H04N9/3152—Modulator illumination systems for shaping the light beam
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
- H04N9/3164—Modulator illumination systems using multiple light sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3179—Video signal processing therefor
- H04N9/3182—Colour adjustment, e.g. white balance, shading or gamut
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
- B60K2360/77—Instrument locations other than the dashboard
- B60K2360/785—Instrument locations other than the dashboard on or in relation to the windshield or windows
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R2300/00—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle
- B60R2300/20—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used
- B60R2300/205—Details of viewing arrangements using cameras and displays, specially adapted for use in a vehicle characterised by the type of display used using a head-up display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
- G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0141—Head-up displays characterised by optical features characterised by the informative content of the display
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
- G02B2027/015—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features involving arrangement aiming to get less bulky devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a head-up display device that projects information such as an image on a windshield of an automobile or the like and projects the information directly on a human field of view through the windshield.
- the image can be mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and the image is projected onto a windshield (partial reflection means) in which a metal thin film or a dielectric multilayer film is formed on the inner surface, and the image is visualized as a virtual image through the windshield.
- a windshield partial reflection means
- a head-up display device for displaying is already known in Patent Document 1 below.
- a vehicle display device for informing the driver of a wheel that the driver cannot directly see through the windshield
- a vehicle display device attached in a dashboard for example, a liquid crystal display
- the necessary guidance information for example, arrows, etc.
- the necessary guidance information is projected onto the windshield of the automobile, so that detailed map data is not required and the guidance information is simple and accurate.
- JP 2006-25884 A JP-A-5-58196 JP 2006-25884 A
- the brightness of the real image that can be seen through the windshield (external light), which can be mounted in a narrow dashboard and is particularly problematic for a head-up display device mounted on a vehicle.
- the brightness of the information displayed by the projection means can be sufficiently ensured (high contrast), and it has been difficult to realize a head-up display device excellent in visibility.
- the present invention has been achieved in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and in particular, can be mounted in a narrow dashboard, and the above-described brightness and its ratio (contrast) are sufficient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a head-up display device that can be secured and has excellent visibility even in the presence of external light.
- a head-up display device that displays information including an image on a part of a pilot's field of view, and is disposed at a position outside the pilot's field of view.
- An image display device that generates and projects image light for projecting the information, and is disposed in a part of the operator's field of view, transmits light from the field of view, and projects light from the image display device
- a solid screen that reflects and mixes light emitted from a plurality of light emitting cells and emits the light in a predetermined direction as a light source that constitutes the video display device.
- a head-up display device using a light source device is provided.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing an overall configuration of a head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows the internal structure of the video display apparatus which comprises the said head up display apparatus. It is a top view which shows the internal structure of the video display apparatus which comprises the said head up display apparatus. It is the expansion perspective view which shows the specific structure of the light direction conversion part which comprises the said video display apparatus, and its sectional drawing. It is a perspective view which shows the specific structure of the solid light source device which comprises the said video display apparatus. It is an expansion perspective view which shows the structure of the light reflection synthetic
- FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings shows a head-up display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the head-up display device is mounted on an automobile and projects information such as an image on the windshield thereof directly to the human field of view.
- a schematic configuration of a head-up display device for a vehicle that displays the information is shown.
- a transparent screen 410 comprising, for example, an antireflection film, constituting a head-up display device, is attached along the inner surface at the lower side of the windshield indicated by reference numeral 400, while the head
- the video display device 420 constituting the up-display device is attached inside a dashboard 403 disposed at a position adjacent to the steering 404 on the lower side of the windshield 400.
- the image (information) from the image display device 420 is projected and reflected on the transparent screen 410 provided with directional reflection means, and is supported by the driver's seat 406 and the headrest 405.
- the projected image is projected onto the eyes 409 of the driver (operator) 407. Accordingly, the driver 407 can recognize various information necessary for driving displayed on the part of the visual field entering the eye 409 through the windshield 400 and superimposed on the part of the visual field. This makes it possible to operate the steering 404 while judging the situation, and to enable safer driving operation.
- FIG. 2 and 3 are views showing an example of a more detailed configuration of the image display device 420 including the transparent screen 410, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a top view thereof. .
- the video display device 420 will be described in detail below.
- the light use efficiency is high, white light is emitted, or a desired color (for example, R (red), G (green), B (blue)) light can be selectively irradiated, for example, a light source unit 421 using an LED light source or a laser light source, and light from the light source unit 421 is imaged from the outside.
- a light modulation unit (liquid crystal panel) 422 made of a TFT liquid crystal panel, which is an element that converts it into desired video light based on a signal, and video light from the light modulation unit 422 are enlarged and projected.
- the so-called projection lens 423 and the light from the projection lens 423 are irradiated (projected) toward the transparent screen 410 attached below the inner surface of the windshield 400. It is configured of a light redirecting part 424 made of flannel lens sheet.
- Reference numeral 430 in the figure indicates a drive circuit that drives the light modulator 422 (for example, a liquid crystal panel, a reflective liquid crystal panel, or a DLP element) based on a video signal from the outside.
- the light projected on the upper end of the transparent screen 410 among the wide-angle projection light is the upper limit light
- the light projected on the lower end of the screen 410 is the lower limit light.
- Reference numerals 412 and 413 denote the same.
- FIG. 4A and 4B show a specific configuration of the light direction conversion unit 424.
- FIG. 4A shows a Fresnel lens sheet as a light modulation unit (liquid crystal panel).
- 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG.
- the light direction conversion unit 424 has a plurality of refractive Fresnel lenses 425 formed concentrically and projected from the light modulation unit (liquid crystal panel) 422 in an inclined manner. Light is emitted in a substantially vertical direction by the action of these Fresnel lenses 425 (see arrows in the figure).
- FIG. 5 shows an overall configuration of the light source unit 421.
- the light reflection / synthesis unit 20 the photo synthesis unit 30, and a plurality (in this example, for example, 4) light source cells 40.
- a plurality in this example, for example, 4
- reference numeral 35 in the figure indicates the light exit surface of the light combining unit 30.
- the light reflection synthesis unit 20 is made of, for example, a metal (aluminum or the like) member having a high thermal conductivity, an inner surface as a polished surface, and an increased reflection coating in order to increase the reflectance of light.
- the cross section is a quadrangle
- the tip is formed in a parabolic shape
- the outer shape is made of a substantially pyramid-shaped member
- the entire surface excluding the bottom surface is made of metal on, for example, the surface of A liter or A liter.
- a reflective surface on which a multilayer reflective reflection film is formed is formed.
- the light combining unit 30 assembles, for example, four dichroic prisms 31 having a triangular cross section and a triangular prism shape whose bottom surface is larger than the top surface.
- the cross section is a rectangular prism.
- Each of the dichroic prisms 31 in the assembled state has a reflective surface on the outer peripheral surface 32 and a wavelength selection indicating dichroic characteristics made of, for example, a metal multilayer film on the other two surfaces 33 and 34.
- An optical surface (film) is formed.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross section of a portion of the light combining unit 30 to which the light source cell 40 is attached.
- each light source cell 40 emits R (red) light, which is the three primary colors of light.
- the light source cell 40G that emits G light is generally Compared with the light source cell 40R that emits R (red) light and the light source cell 40B that emits B (blue) light, it is difficult to obtain a large output light, so it is attached to two adjacent outer peripheral surfaces of the light combining unit 30. Yes.
- the reflective surface formed in the surface is removed from the part to which the light source cell 40 is attached.
- the light combining unit 30 formed by assembling the four dichroic prisms 31a to 31d and the light source cells 40a to 40d attached to the outer peripheral surface thereof are shown in section (however, The reflection surface formed on the surface is removed from the portion to which each light source cell 40 is attached.) And the wavelength selective optical surface (film) showing the dichroic characteristics described above is formed on the boundary surface of each light combining unit 30. ) 33a to 33d are arranged so that the light emitted from the light source cells 40a to 40d is reflected or transmitted by the wavelength-selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d, and further mixed. This makes it possible to extract light of a desired color including white.
- FIGS. 9A to 9C show examples of the reflection characteristics of the above-described wavelength-selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d. That is, as also shown in these drawings, the G light reflecting surface reflects light having a wavelength in the G region and transmits light in other wavelength regions. Similarly, the B light reflecting surface reflects light having a wavelength in the B region, and the R light reflecting surface reflects light having a wavelength in the R region.
- the photosynthesis unit 30 in FIG. 8 will be described as an example.
- the light source cells 40a and 40b emit G (green) light
- the light source cell 40c emits B (blue) light
- the light source cell 40d emits R (red) light.
- the wavelength-selective optical surface (film) 33a is made G-light reflective / R-light transmissive
- the wavelength-selective optical surface (film) 33b is made R-light, B-light reflective / G-light transmissive.
- the optical surface (film) 33c is G light reflective / B light transmissive
- the wavelength selective optical surface (film) 33d is B light, R light reflective / G light transmissive.
- R light, G light, and B light can be isolate
- white light mixed with R light, G light, and B light is extracted from the emission surface 35 (see FIG. 5) by appropriately selecting the reflection / transmission characteristics of the wavelength selective optical surface (film) described above. You can also
- FIGS. 10 (A) and 10 (B) are the cut surfaces which cut
- the light source cell 40 is attached to the upper surface of the light reflection / synthesis unit 20 will be described.
- the light reflection / combination unit 20 is preferably made of a metal such as A liter which has high thermal conductivity and excellent light reflection characteristics, and the inner surface thereof is, for example, an ellipse, a paraboloid or a spherical surface
- the radiated light beams from 40a to 40d are efficiently guided to the light combining unit 30.
- FIG. 10 (A) shows a light reflection / synthesis unit 20 as an embodiment of the present invention.
- the light reflection / synthesis unit 20 has a substantially parabolic outer shape as a whole, and the optical axis direction (FIG. 5) is the light emission direction.
- the cross section along the alternate long and short dash line is substantially parabolic.
- the cross section perpendicular to the optical axis direction is substantially elliptical from the center to the tip, and is square or rectangular from the center to the junction with the light combiner 30.
- the unit 20 and the photosynthesis unit 30 are continuously connected to each other.
- a reflection surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the light reflection / combination unit 20, and the light emitted from the light source cell 40 is reflected to the light synthesis unit 30.
- the propagation direction of the light emitted from the light emitting points 401 to 405 of the light source cell 40 in the light reflection / synthesis unit 20 is indicated by an arrow.
- the tip portion of the light reflection / combination unit 20 substantially parabolic, light from each of the light emitting points 401 to 405 is mixed by being repeatedly reflected inside the light reflection / combination unit 20, and as a result, photosynthesis is performed.
- the light flux is emitted from the portion 30 in a substantially uniform manner.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the propagation of light rays in the light reflection combining unit 20 and the light combining unit 30 as a whole.
- the light beam incident on the light combining unit 30 from the light reflection combining unit 20 is the outer periphery of the light combining unit 30. While reflecting off the surface, the light density of the light flux is made uniform toward the emission surface and emitted to the outside. At this time, light having a specific wavelength is reflected by the optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d having wavelength selectivity by passing through the dichroic prisms 31a to 31d constituting the light combining unit 30.
- the wavelength selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d by providing the wavelength selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d, the number of reflections inside the light combining unit as compared with the case of reflecting only by the reflecting surface formed on the outer peripheral surface of the light combining unit 30. And the light utilization efficiency is improved.
- the wavelength selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d when an aluminum reflecting film is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the light combining unit 30 and the internal light is reflected only by the reflecting film, a reflection loss of about 5% / one reflection occurs.
- the wavelength selective optical surfaces (films) 33a to 33d the light that is transmitted without being reflected can be used as the outgoing light beam thereafter, so that the light utilization efficiency as a whole is improved. There is little decline.
- the number of reflections of the light within the light reflection / combination unit 20 increases, and the intensity distribution of the reflected light beam can be made more uniform.
- the length of the light reflection / combination unit 20 in the optical axis direction can be further shortened as compared with only the reflection on the outer peripheral surface.
- the area of the incident surface of the light combining unit 30 (the output surface of the light reflection combining unit 20) is larger than the area of the output surface 35, the angle of the emitted light approaches the direction of the optical axis and directs. Characteristics can be narrowed down.
- the above-described high-efficiency solid-state light source device it is possible to realize a light source device that has high light utilization efficiency and can selectively extract light of a desired color with a narrowed light beam diffusion angle.
- the above-described high-efficiency solid-state light source device is used as the light source unit 421, and white light from the light source is, for example, transmissive light modulation composed of a TFT liquid crystal panel. Is incident on a unit (liquid crystal panel) 422, converted into desired video light based on an external video signal, and the converted video light is projected onto a Fresnel lens 424 via a projection lens 423.
- a head-up display device that displays desired information on the lower side portion of the windshield 400 can be realized with a relatively simple configuration.
- FIG. 11 in the second embodiment, in addition to the configuration shown in the first embodiment, the second image display is further provided so as to cover almost the entire area on the exit surface side of the Fresnel lens 424.
- a liquid crystal panel 440 is attached, and a second liquid crystal panel drive circuit 431 for driving the second image display liquid crystal panel 440 is provided.
- the second image display liquid crystal panel 440 performs light modulation based on a video signal (common) from the outside via the second liquid crystal panel drive circuit 431.
- the obtained contrast is the product of the contrast ratio of the second image display liquid crystal panel 440 and the contrast ratio of the first image display liquid crystal panel 422. It is possible to remarkably improve the contrast ratio of the displayed image, which is very important for a head-up display device that displays a projected image in the field of view. In other words, a sufficient contrast ratio can be obtained while adopting relatively inexpensive panels as the first image display liquid crystal panel 422 and the second image display liquid crystal panel 440.
- the first image display liquid crystal panel 422 and the second image display liquid crystal panel 440 perform light modulation based on an external video signal (common) as indicated by a solid line in the figure.
- the optical modulation is performed based on different video signals from a three-dimensional display device (not shown) here, as shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B).
- the first image 155 by the first image display liquid crystal panel 422 and the second image 175 of the second image display liquid crystal panel 440 are used to project information three-dimensionally (three-dimensional display).
- a possible head-up display device can be realized.
- a phase difference generation unit 51 made of a phase plate or the like is formed on the emission surface side of the solid light source unit 421 made up of the light reflection synthesis unit 20, the light synthesis unit 30, and the light source cell 40.
- a field lens 52 is provided, and light emitted from the solid-state light source unit 421 is converted into a first reflective light modulation unit (for example, a liquid crystal panel, a reflective liquid crystal panel, a DLP, etc.) 422 by a polarization separation element 53 such as a polarizing prism.
- the reflected light modulated by the light modulator is projected onto the Fresnel lens 424 by the projection lens 423.
- the second light modulation unit 440 is also provided on the light emission side of the Fresnel lens 424.
- the light emitted from the solid-state light source unit 421 and transmitted through the phase difference generation unit 51 and the field lens 52 is made of, for example, a resin such as acrylic, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or PET. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a light guide 55 formed by forming a large number of sawtooth-shaped protrusions on the surface leads to a transmissive light modulator (liquid crystal panel) 422.
- white light in which R light, G light, and B light are mixed is extracted from the light emission surface 35 (see FIG. 5) of the solid-state light source unit 421.
- the light source cells 40a to 40d constituting the light source unit are always driven by a power supply circuit (not shown).
- This light color circulation modulation method can be realized by the configuration shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, however, as shown in FIG. 15, based on an external video signal,
- the light from the solid-state light source unit 421 is selectively switched sequentially to R light, G light, and B light, and a video signal to the light modulation unit 422 is switched to a video signal for R light, a video signal for G light, It switches to the video signal for B light sequentially.
- the liquid crystal panel driving circuit 430 includes conversion circuits 431, 432, and 433 that generate an R light video signal, a G light video signal, and a B light video signal from input video signals.
- a light source cell driving power supply circuit 434 for driving the light source cell 40 is provided.
- the following operations are performed via the switch circuits 435 and 436 that operate in synchronization with each other.
- the switch circuits 435 and 436 that operate in synchronization with each other.
- the drive current from the light source cell drive power supply circuit 434 is supplied to the light source cell 40R, which is the light source of R light, via the switch circuit 436 (see FIG. 16A)
- the R light image is displayed.
- the signal is output to the light modulation unit 422 through the switch circuit 435 (see FIG. 16D).
- the drive current from the light source cell drive power supply circuit 434 is supplied to the light source cell 40G that is the light source of G light (see FIG.
- the video signal for G light is converted to the switch circuit 435. Is output to the light modulation unit 422 (see FIG. 16D).
- the drive current from the light source cell drive power supply circuit 434 is supplied to the light source cell 40B that is the light source of B light (see FIG. 16C)
- the video signal for B light passes through the switch circuit 435.
- the optical modulation unit 422 see FIG. 16D. Note that the switching between the light emission color of the light source cell and the video signal for each color is performed, for example, at a cycle of 120 to 480 Hz. According to this, the light from each pixel of the liquid crystal panel is recognized by human eyes as a natural color obtained by mixing each color light.
- the following effects are acquired compared with the modulation system which modulates the conventional white light. That is, as shown in FIG. 17A, in the conventional modulation method for modulating white light, the white light from the light source is separated and converted into R light, G light, and B light through, for example, the color filter F. After that, each of them is incident on the corresponding liquid crystal cells C R , C G , and C B of the liquid crystal panel driven by the video signal for R light, the video signal for G light, and the video signal for B light. As a result, a desired color image is projected by the modulated R light, G light, and B light.
- the light from the solid light source unit 421 as the light source is R light, G light, B Since it is possible to selectively switch sequentially with light, these color lights may be sequentially incident on each liquid crystal cell C constituting the liquid crystal panel to be modulated, and as a result, they were obtained sequentially.
- image light for R light, image light for G light, and image light for B light By projecting image light for R light, image light for G light, and image light for B light, a desired color image can be obtained.
- the white light is first separated and converted into R light, G light, and B light as compared with the conventional modulation method that modulates white light. Therefore, the color filter F is not necessary, and light absorption by the color filter F can be avoided. As a result, it is possible to greatly improve the utilization efficiency of light from the light source.
- the three liquid crystal cells C R , C G , and C B adjacent in the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal panel are handled as one image unit.
- the resolution of an obtained image, particularly in the horizontal direction can be improved three times. It becomes possible.
- a projection image with high light utilization efficiency and high resolution can be obtained. This is very advantageous for a head-up display device that displays a projected image.
- a second image display liquid crystal panel can be attached to improve the contrast ratio of the display image and display a stereoscopic (three-dimensional) image. It is.
- FIG. 18A and 18B are configuration diagrams of the projection optical system 1 that is the projection lens 423
- FIG. 19 is a ray diagram thereof.
- the refraction action is received by the free-form surface mirror 4 by the coaxial lens system 2 and the free-form surface lens system 3. After that, the image is projected onto the light direction conversion unit 424 made of a Fresnel lens sheet.
- Coaxial lens system 2 includes a first lens group G 1 having a positive refractive power, a retrofocus type comprising a second lens group G 2 Metropolitan having negative refractive power.
- the first lens group G 1 is made of glass, has a positive refractive power, has a lens L 1 having a small radius of curvature toward the reduction side, a plastic aspherical lens L 2, and is made of glass and has a positive refractive power.
- the lens L 6 is a biconvex lens L 6 that has a positive refractive power and has a small radius of curvature toward the enlargement side, and the lenses L 3 to L 5 constitute a triplet lens that is bonded.
- the refractive index of the lens L 1 is larger than 1.8
- a glass material having an Abbe number larger than 70 is applied to the lenses L 3 and L 5
- a glass material having an Abbe number smaller than 25 is applied to the lens L 4.
- the lens L 6 is made of a glass material having an Abbe number smaller than 35.
- the second lens group G 2 is an aspherical lens L 7 having a meniscus shape with a convex surface on the reduction side has a negative refractive power with a plastic, bi-concave having a negative refractive power made of glass lenses L 8 , a biconvex lens L 9 made of glass having a positive refractive power and having a small radius of curvature on the enlargement side, and a meniscus shape made of plastic having a negative refractive power and having a convex surface on the enlargement side It is constituted by aspherical lens L 10 of.
- a glass material having an Abbe number larger than 70 is applied to the lens L 8
- a glass material having an Abbe number smaller than 35 is applied to the lens L 9 .
- the free-form surface lens system 3 is composed of a plastic free-form lens L 11 having a convex surface facing the enlargement side made of plastic and a free-form surface lens L 12 having a meniscus lens shape made of plastic and having a convex surface facing the enlargement side. is doing.
- the lens data is shown in Table 1 below, and the radius of curvature is represented by a positive sign when the center position of the radius of curvature is in the traveling direction.
- the surface distance represents the distance on the optical axis from the vertex position of each surface to the vertex position of the next surface.
- Eccentricity is a value in the Y-axis direction
- tilting is rotation about the X axis in the YZ plane
- eccentricity / falling acts in the order of eccentricity and tilting on the corresponding surface.
- the next plane is placed at the position of the plane distance on the new coordinate system on which.
- DAR means decenter and return. Eccentricity and collapse act only on the surface, and do not affect the surface.
- the glass material name PMMA is plastic acrylic.
- the free-form surface coefficient is a rotationally asymmetric shape with respect to each optical axis 9 (Z-axis), and is a shape defined by a conical term component and a XY polynomial term component.
- X second order
- Y third order
- the position of each optical axis of the free-form surface is determined by the amount of decentering / falling in the lens data in Table 1 above.
- Table 3 below shows the aspheric coefficients defined by the following formula 2.
- the aspheric coefficient has a rotationally symmetric shape with respect to each optical axis (Z-axis), and uses a component of a conic term and an even-order component of 4th to 20th order of the height h from the optical axis. Yes.
- the odd-order polynomial aspheric coefficients shown in Table 4 below are shapes obtained by adding odd-order components to the aspheric surfaces in Table 3 above. Since the height h is a positive value, it has a rotationally symmetric shape.
- the flange back adjustment can also be performed by moving the free-form surface lens 3 that is a focusing lens.
- the original focusing lens movement range (adjustment range) is shifted.
- the lens L 5 from the lens L 1, separated by the lens L 6, a lens L 5 from the lens L 1 by moving on the optical axis The flange back adjustment was performed.
- the sign of the ray height of the principal ray is positive and negative reversed.
- the chromatic aberration of magnification is different between the lens L 5 and the lens L 6 , so the Abbe number is 70 or more in the lens L 5 , but the Abbe number is 35 or less in the lens L 6 .
- Lens L 7 lens L 10 from a negative refractive power lens group in coaxial lens system 2 constitute a second lens group G 2. Therefore, the basic structure is a concave lens and a convex lens.
- the lens L 7 is made of plastic and has an aspherical lens having negative refractive power and having a convex surface facing the reduction side
- the lens L 8 is a biconcave glass lens having negative refractive power and having the concave surface facing the reduction side
- the lens L 9 is a biconvex glass lens having a positive refractive power and a small curvature radius on the enlargement side
- the lens L 10 is made of plastic and has a negative refractive power and a meniscus non-reflective surface with the convex surface facing the enlargement side.
- a spherical lens was used.
- the image light from the light modulation unit is enlarged while reducing trapezoidal distortion even when projected in an inclined direction. Can be projected.
- Transparent screen a transparent screen 410 that is attached along the inner surface of the lower side portion of the windshield 400 and is a means for projecting information by the light projected from the video display device 420 will be described below.
- the transparent screen 410 made of an antireflection film has already been described.
- FIG. 20A is a perspective view showing a part of the transparent screen 410 ′ taken out and enlarged.
- a substrate sheet 500 made of a film of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- a large number of fine protrusions 510 having a triangular cross section and a rectangular shape as a whole are formed on the surface.
- each protrusion 510 is set as follows, although it varies depending on the direction in which the reflected light is guided.
- Angle ( ⁇ A ) 25 to 65 degrees:
- Angle ( ⁇ B ) 65 to 25 degrees
- FIG. 21A shows an example in which the protrusions 510 are arranged in a line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with a predetermined interval.
- FIG. 21B shows an example in which, unlike FIG. 21A, the protrusions 510 are arranged at predetermined intervals while moving up and down in the horizontal direction. .
- the transparent screen 410 ′ having the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. 22, the light from the outside is transmitted and the light incident from below (see FIG. 2) is formed at a desired angle.
- Various information necessary for driving is easily recognized by the eyes 409 of the driver 407 on the transparent screen 410 ′ attached to the lower part thereof, as well as an external visual field that is reflected and enters through the windshield 400. In the state, it becomes possible to display the images simultaneously superimposed.
- FIG. 22 shows a head-up display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. That is, in FIG. 1, the head-up display device in which the transparent screen 410 is attached to the windshield in advance and the video display device 420 is mounted inside the dashboard 403 has been described.
- a head-up display device that can be installed and used on a desk or table in a train cockpit or training room is shown. That is, as is apparent from the drawing, the transparent screen 410 as a display unit is inclined at a predetermined angle by a pair of stands 411 formed in a substantially “L” shape, for example, at both left and right ends thereof.
- a video display device 420 that incorporates a light source unit and projects video light at a wide angle upward, and the video light is transmitted through the transparent screen. According to 410, the light is reflected in a predetermined direction (see FIG. 1, that is, in a direction projected on the eyes 409 of the driver 407), depending on the position (height).
- this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, Various modifications are included.
- the above-described embodiment describes the entire system in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to one having all the configurations described.
- a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment.
- each of the above-described configurations and the like may be realized by hardware by designing a part or all of them, for example, with an integrated circuit, or the above-described configurations, functions, and the like may be realized by the processor. It may be realized by software by interpreting and executing a program for realizing the above. Information such as programs, tables, and files that realize each function can be stored in a memory, a hard disk, a recording device such as an SSD (Solid State Drive), or a recording medium such as an IC card, an SD card, or a DVD.
- SSD Solid State Drive
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Abstract
Description
次に、上述した光の利用効率が高く、白色を含め、所望の色の光を選択的に照射することができる光源部421の詳細な構成について、添付の図5~9を参照しながら、以下に説明する。
続いて、上述した高効率固体光源装置を利用した場合の光変調部(液晶パネル)の詳細な構造について、以下に複数の実施例について説明する。
上記の図2や図3にも示したように、上述した高効率固体光源装置を光源部421として利用し、当該光源からの白色光を、例えば、TFT型液晶パネルからなる透過型の光変調部(液晶パネル)422に入射し、外部からの映像信号に基づいて所望の映像光に変換し、当該変換した映像光をプロジェクションレンズ423を介してフレネルレンズ424上に投写する。
次に、光変調部(液晶パネル)の他の実施例(実施例2)について、図11を参照しながら説明する。この図11にも示すように、この実施例2では、上記実施例1に示した構成に加え、フレネルレンズ424の出射面側のほぼ全領域を覆うように、更に、第2の画像表示用液晶パネル440を取り付け、そして、当該第2の画像表示用液晶パネル440を駆動するための第2の液晶パネル駆動回路431を設けたものである。
図13に示すように、上述した光反射合成部20、光合成部30、そして、光源セル40とからなる固体光源部421の出射面側に、例えば、位相板などからなる位相差発生部51と、フィールドレンズ52を設け、当該固体光源部421からの出射光を、偏光プリズム等の偏光分離素子53により第1の反射型の光変調部(例えば液晶パネル、反射型液晶パネル、DLP等)422’上に導いた後、当該光変調部で変調された反射光を投写レンズ423によりフレネルレンズ424上に投写する。なお、この例では、フレネルレンズ424の光の出射側には、やはり、上記の第2の光変調部440が設けられている。
なお、この光色循環式の変調方式は、上記図2及び3に示した構成により実現することが可能であるが、但し、図15にも示すように、外部からの映像信号に基づいて、上記固体光源部421からの光を、R光、G光、B光に、順次、選択的に切り替えると共に、光変調部422への映像信号を、R光用映像信号、G光用映像信号、B光用映像信号に、順次、切り替える。
続いて、光変調部からの映像光を、傾斜した方向に、台形歪を軽減して拡大して投写する、所謂、プロジェクションレンズ423の具体的な構成について、以下に詳細に説明する。
次に、フロントガラス400の下辺部において、その内側表面に沿って取り付けられ、上記の映像表示装置420から投写される光により情報を映し出すための手段である透明スクリーン410について、以下に説明する。
縦(L)=5~10μm: 横(W)=2~4μm
角度(θA)=25~65度: 角度(θB)=65~25度
Claims (10)
- 操縦者の視界の一部に映像を含む情報を表示するヘッドアップディスプレイ装置であって、
前記操縦者の視界を外れた位置に配置され、前記情報を投影するための映像光を発生して投写する映像表示装置と、
前記操縦者の視界の一部に配置され、視界からの光を透過すると共に、前記映像表示装置からの投写光を前記操縦者の方向に反射する透明スクリーンとを備えたものであって、
前記映像表示装置を構成する光源として、複数の発光セルからの発光を反射及び混合して所定の方向に出射する固体光源装置を使用することを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。 - 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記映像表示装置の前記固体光源装置は、白色光を出射し、
前記映像表示装置は、更に、前記固体光源装置からの白色光を、R光、G光、B光に分離して映像光を生成する光変調部と、当該光変調部からの映像光を拡大投写する投写光学系と、当該投写光学系を介して前記光変調部からの映像光を受光し、前記透明スクリーンへ向けて投写する光方向変換部を備えていることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。 - 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記固体光源装置は、R光、G光、B光を発光する発光セルを備え、R光、G光、B光を、順次、選択的に出射し、
前記映像表示装置は、更に、前記固体光源装置から順次発光されるR光、G光、B光を、順次、循環して変調することによりR光用映像光、G光用映像光、B光用映像光を生成する光変調部と、当該光変調部からのR光用映像光、G光用映像光、B光用映像光を拡大投写する投写光学系と、当該投写光学系を介して前記光変調部からの前記R光用映像光、G光用映像光、B光用映像光を受光し、前記透明スクリーンへ向けて投写する光方向変換部を備えていることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。 - 前記請求項3に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記固体光源装置からのR光、G光、B光の発光を、120~480Hzの周期で行うことを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記透明スクリーンは、その表面に反射防止膜を形成していることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記透明スクリーンは、その表面に、断面が三角形状で全体が矩形状の微細な突起部を、多数、形成していることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記固体光源装置は、その外周面を反射膜で覆い、先端部に放物面を形成すると共に外形略四角推形状の導光体からなり、その外周面に、複数の光源セルを搭載していることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項2に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記映像表示装置は、前記投写光学系又は前記光方向変換部の一部に、更に、第2の光変調部を備えていることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項8に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記映像表示装置の光変調部は、前記第2の光変調部と共に、表示する情報の映像を立体的に表示することを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
- 前記請求項1に記載したヘッドアップディスプレイ装置において、前記透明スクリーンは、前記映像表示装置からの投写光を受光する面に、三角形の断面を有する微細な突起部を複数形成してなることを特徴とするヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US15/307,121 US10310257B2 (en) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | Head-up display device |
| CN201480078332.XA CN106233185B (zh) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | 平视显示装置 |
| JP2016517782A JP6382305B2 (ja) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 |
| PCT/JP2014/062486 WO2015170406A1 (ja) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 |
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| PCT/JP2014/062486 WO2015170406A1 (ja) | 2014-05-09 | 2014-05-09 | ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 |
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| CN107479196A (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 江苏泽景汽车电子股份有限公司 | 一种ar‑hud双屏显示光学系统 |
| WO2018066081A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | マクセル株式会社 | 投影光学系及びヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 |
| WO2018066062A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-04 | 2018-04-12 | マクセル株式会社 | 投影光学系、及びヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 |
| JP2018200384A (ja) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社Jvcケンウッド | 虚像表示装置 |
| CN109154719A (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-01-04 | 麦克赛尔株式会社 | 投影光学系统、抬头显示器装置以及汽车 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2015170406A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
| US20170045740A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
| US10310257B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 |
| JP6382305B2 (ja) | 2018-08-29 |
| CN106233185B (zh) | 2018-10-30 |
| CN106233185A (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
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