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WO2015170352A1 - Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée - Google Patents

Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015170352A1
WO2015170352A1 PCT/IT2014/000123 IT2014000123W WO2015170352A1 WO 2015170352 A1 WO2015170352 A1 WO 2015170352A1 IT 2014000123 W IT2014000123 W IT 2014000123W WO 2015170352 A1 WO2015170352 A1 WO 2015170352A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
switched
flux
section
electric machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT2014/000123
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Giuseppe RANALLI
Sante Guercioni
Maurillo MICUCCI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecnomatic SpA
Original Assignee
Tecnomatic SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecnomatic SpA filed Critical Tecnomatic SpA
Priority to PCT/IT2014/000123 priority Critical patent/WO2015170352A1/fr
Publication of WO2015170352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015170352A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H02K1/246—Variable reluctance rotors

Definitions

  • the present description refers to the technical field of reluctance electric machines, such as for example an electric generator or motor, and more in particular it concerns a rotor of a switched or assisted reluctance machine as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • reluctance electric machines are electric machines which are particularly interesting for their characteristics in terms of versatility, strength, relative structural simplicity and cost- effectiveness.
  • such types of electric machines have some drawbacks that to this day have contributed towards preventing them from becoming widespread in some fields, like for example and not for limiting purposes, its application in electric and/or hybrid traction vehicles.
  • reluctance electric machines normally have, for example, "torque ripple" values (i.e. the variation of the torque in outlet as the position of the rotor varies) that are relatively high which make such machines not very suitable for some types of application.
  • torque ripple i.e. the variation of the torque in outlet as the position of the rotor varies
  • the values of the outlet torque, and more in general of the efficiency of the motor can be improved with respect to the solutions of the prior art.
  • a switched reluctance electric machine normally has a rotor obtained through a plurality of stacked laminations of the rotor.
  • Each of such laminations of the rotor is provided with a plurality of groups of flux barriers which are distributed around the rotation axis of the rotor.
  • such flux barriers are basically slots that are obtained in the laminations of the rotor for example through shearing of the laminations of the rotor themselves.
  • Each group of flux barriers normally comprises a plurality of flux barriers which are separated from one another in the radial direction. It is provided for there to be one or more internal bridges that divide each flux barrier into two or more parts.
  • the rotor comprises a plurality of peripheral bridges each of which is defined between one end of one of the flux barriers and the radially external edge of the lamination of the rotor.
  • peripheral bridges are typically all the same as one another, in the sense that the width of the bridges situated at the end of each flux barrier remains constant from the radially innermost flux barrier to the radially outermost flux barrier of each group of flux barriers.
  • the inner and peripheral bridges it would be desirable for the inner and peripheral bridges to not be present in the rotor. Indeed, such bridges have a distortion effect on the flux paths of the magnetic field inside the rotor.
  • the aforementioned inner and peripheral bridges are considered necessary for ensuring that the rotor is sufficiently strong. Normally, such bridges are therefore designed in a way such as to have a width that is as small as possible.
  • assisted reluctance electric machines are provided with a rotor that differs from the rotor described above with reference to a switched reluctance motor essentially for the fact that it has magnets, like for example permanent magnets, which are fixed inside the flux barriers of the rotor.
  • One general purpose of the present description is that of providing a rotor for a switched or assisted reluctance machine that is capable of at least partially solving or avoiding the drawbacks described above with reference to the prior art.
  • One object of the present invention is also a switched or assisted reluctance machine as defined in claim 5. Further objects of the present invention are a wheel with an in-wheel motor and a traction motor as defined in claim 6. Another object of the present invention is an auxiliary device for a vehicle as defined in claim 7.
  • peripheral bridges having a variable width in the rotor advantageously makes it possible on one hand to avoid using inner bridges that divide the flux barriers in the rotor of the prior art discussed above and on the other hand to simultaneously ensure a structure that the rotor has a particularly strong structure that allows the latter to also support high revs. Moreover, thanks to the possibility of not having inner bridges, it is possible to improve the magnetic flux inside the rotor making it possible for there to be improvements in the efficiency of the reluctance electric machine with respect to solutions of the prior art discussed above in which it is provided for there to be inner and peripheral bridges.
  • FIG.l is a flat cross-section view of a reluctance machine in accordance with a currently preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stator of the reluctance machine of Fig. 1;
  • - Fig. 3 is a flat partial section view, such a view being an orthogonal section view with respect to the rotation axis of the rotor of the reluctance machine of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a flat section view showing an enlarged detail of Fig. 3, such a detail being delimited in Fig. 3 by two broken lines.
  • Figure 1 shows a section view of a reluctance machine in accordance with a currently preferred embodiment, which has been wholly indicated with reference numeral 1.
  • the reluctance machine 1 is preferably a reluctance motor 1 and more preferably a synchronous switched reluctance motor (SRM) . Even more preferably, the reluctance machine 1 is a three-phase AC Brushless synchronous switched reluctance motor.
  • the reluctance motor 1 is designed to be used as a traction motor, for example in an electric wheel with an in-wheel motor (not represented) of an electric and/or hybrid traction vehicle, like for example an electric traction vehicle for agricultural use, for example a so-called "e- sprayer".
  • an electric motor in accordance with the present description is not limited to the application in an agricultural vehicle but it can also be used in general, for example and not for limiting purposes as a traction motor, in any type of electric and/or hybrid vehicle.
  • the motor 1 comprises a stator 2 and a rotor 3, which are preferably housed inside a housing 4.
  • the rotor 3, which is mounted coaxially with respect to the stator 2, comprises a motor shaft 5 which is rotatably mounted so as to rotate around a rotation axis XI.
  • Fig. 2 shows an axonometric view of the stator 2 of the motor 1.
  • the stator 2 is provided with a stator winding which has been wholly indicated with reference numeral 6.
  • the winding 6 is a so-called bar winding 6.
  • the bar winding 6 is a winding that is obtained with a plurality of electric bar conductors having a rectangular cross-section.
  • the stator 2 comprises a plurality of electric bar conductors having a "flat" rectangular section, that is to say a section having a rectangular shape in which two sides of the section have dimensions that are smaller with respect to the other two.
  • the bar conductors of the winding 6 are preferably flat conductors, since they have a pair of opposite faces that are separated from one another by a distance that is greater than the distance between the remaining opposite faces.
  • the teachings of the present description are not limited to a bar winding with flat conductors.
  • the bar winding 6 can comprise bar conductors having a generally rectangular section, where by rectangular we mean both the "flat" section and the square section that represents a particular case of rectangular section.
  • a conductor with a rectangular section can also be obtained from a so-called round wire, that is to say a conductor having a circular cross-section. This could be obtained for example by pressing a round wire on four sides so that at the end such a wire has a generally rectangular cross/section.
  • the stator 2 is a stator of the type that is analogous to the stator described in the international patent application published with the number WO2013/005238 to the Applicant.
  • the stator 2 is seen from the "welding side" and it comprises a plurality of "basic conductors” 7 and a plurality of "special conductors" 8, 9, 10 which are interconnected with one another so as to make the bar winding 6.
  • the basic conductors 7 are obtained starting from preformed "U” and/or "P"-shaped conductors, which are also known in the field as “basic preformed conductors", which typically have two legs alongside one another with different lengths each having an end portion that is joined through a connection portion to the other one of the two legs and an opposite free end portion.
  • the special conductors 8, 9, 10 are, on the other hand, conductors that are used for finishing off the winding 6, and comprise for example jumpers 8, phase terminals 9, and at least one neutral point 10.
  • basic conductors 7 have the respective legs that are housed in stator slots 12 which are provided in a stator core 13 of the stator 2.
  • the stator 2 comprises a plurality of slots 12.
  • the stator 2 comprises a circular array of slots 12 each of which houses a plurality of portions 14 (Fig. 3) of electric bar conductors 7-10 which are radially aligned with one another.
  • each slot 12 houses four portions 14. More in particular such radially aligned longitudinal portions 14 can all consist of portions of the legs of basic conductors 7 or of a plurality of legs of basic conductors 7 and of portions of the phase terminals 9.
  • the stator 2 comprises, in a non- limiting manner, fifty-four slots 12.
  • stator 2 Since a stator with bar winding and electric bar conductors with a rectangular section are widely known to a man skilled in the art, the stator 2 shall not be described in further detail.
  • the rotor 3 is preferably made with a plurality of laminations, preferably made in ferromagnetic material, which are stacked on one another so as to form the rotor 3.
  • the rotor 3 is in particular a rotor of the so-called "skewed" type.
  • the rotor 3 is preferably divided into a plurality of rotor segments 15, 16, 17, 18 with a generally cylindrical shape, where each segment is rotated around the rotation axis XI of the rotor by a predetermined angle with respect to the adjacent segment.
  • the rotor 3 is divided into four rotor segments 15, 16, 17, 18.
  • the skewed rotor 3 can also be made in a different manner.
  • the skewed rotor 3 can be made by rotating the single laminations that form the rotor with respect to one another in a substantially continuous manner instead of rotating segments of rotor, having a relatively large thickness with respect to that of the single lamination, with respect to one another.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section view of the stator 2 and the rotor 3.
  • the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are partially shown, since, for example, the motor shaft 5 is not shown.
  • a small stator plate 2 and a lamination of the rotor 3 are shown.
  • the rotor 3 seen in section comprises a plurality of groups of flux barriers, in the example six groups of flux barriers, each of which comprises a plurality of flux barriers 19, 20, 21, 22.
  • the flux barriers are slots or air spaces that are provided on a lamination of the rotor and that are obtained for example through shearing of the laminations of the rotor.
  • Flux barriers are in practice regions having a magnetic permeability value that is relatively low with respect to the magnetic permeability value of the parts of the lamination of the rotor that separate the flux barriers from one another and that are typically called "flux guides".
  • the 3 preferably comprises four flux barriers 19, 20, 21, 22.
  • all the laminations of the rotor have a structure have a structure that is the same as that of the lamination of the rotor of Fig. 3.
  • the aforementioned groups of flux barriers are distributed around the rotation axis XI of the rotor.
  • such groups of flux barriers are the same as one another and are preferably angularly spaced in a homogeneous manner around the shaft 5 or the rotation axis XI.
  • the flux barriers 19-22 of each group are separated from one another in the radial direction.
  • the flux barriers of each group have decreasing dimensions from the radially innermost flux barrier 19 to the radially outermost flux barrier 22.
  • the flux barrier 19, which is the closest to the shaft 5, (or that is the closest to a shaft hole 23 which is intended to receive the shaft 5) is the biggest flux barrier
  • the flux barrier 22, which is the flux barrier that is farthest from the shaft 5 or from the shaft hole 23, is the smallest flux barrier.
  • each flux barrier 19-22 has a substantially isosceles trapezium shape without a greater base.
  • the rotor seen in section, or the lamination of the rotor comprises a plurality of peripheral bridges 25, 26, 27, 28 each of which is defined between one end 29, 30, 31, 32 of one of the flux barriers 19-22 and the radially external edge 33 of the section of the rotor 3.
  • the outer edge 33 in particular generally has a circular shape.
  • two peripheral bridges 25-28 respectively are associated with the two opposite ends of each flux barrier of each of the aforementioned groups of flux barriers.
  • two bridges 25 are associated with each barrier 19
  • two bridges 26 are associated with each barrier 20
  • two bridges 27 are associated with each barrier 21
  • two bridges 28 are associated with each barrier 22.
  • the peripheral bridges 25-28 have a decreasing width going from the radially innermost flux barrier to the radially outermost flux barrier.
  • width of each bridge 25-28 we mean in particular a distance of the relative end 29-32 of the flux barrier from the radially outside edge 33 of the rotor.
  • a width is a radial or substantially radial width in the sense that such a distance is measured in the radial or substantially radial direction.
  • the peripheral bridges 25-28 have a decreasing dimension or section going from the largest flux barrier 19 to the smallest flux barrier 22.
  • the peripheral bridges 25-28 can also be designed in a different manner from that which is described above, in which each peripheral bridge 25-28 has a constant width or section and in which the widths or sections of the peripheral bridges 25-28 radially decrease from the innermost flux barrier to the outermost flux barrier.
  • each peripheral bridge 25-28 can in turn have a width that varies instead of a constant width or section or the bridges 25-28 can each have a constant width or section but the dimensions of the bridges 25-28 do not vary in a decreasing manner going from the radially innermost flux barrier to the radially outermost flux barrier.
  • teachings forming the basis of the present description can be applied in general to any type of variation of the width or section of the peripheral bridges .
  • peripheral bridges having a variable width in the rotor advantageously makes it possible, on one hand, to avoid using inner bridges that divide the flux barriers in the rotors of the prior art discussed above, and on the other hand, makes it possible to simultaneously ensure that the structure of the rotor is particularly strong allowing the structure to withstand even high number of relovutions.
  • it is possible to improve the magnetic flux in the rotor making it possible to improve the efficiency of the reluctance electric machine with respect to solutions of the prior art discussed above in which there were inner and peripheral bridges.
  • stator that is to say a winding made by means of electrically conductive wires having a circular cross-section
  • the possibility of increasing the number of slots in the stator it is possible to make the rotor of the reluctance machine by increasing the number of flux barriers, which leads to a reduction of the torque ripple and, in the case of a motor, also an increase in the outlet torque.
  • the possibility of increasing the number of stator slots advantageously makes it possible to improve the wave form of the flux at the air gap.
  • SRM switched reluctance motor
  • PMa-SynRM permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor
  • a reluctance motor is not limited to a use as a traction motor in an electric and/or hybrid traction vehicle.
  • a reluctance motor and more in general a reluctance electric machine according to the present description can for example be used in general in an auxiliary device for a vehicle, like for example a water pump, an oil pump, a conditioner, a power steering, a servo-brake, an electric actuator, etc..
  • an auxiliary device for a vehicle like for example a water pump, an oil pump, a conditioner, a power steering, a servo-brake, an electric actuator, etc.
  • the principles forming the basis of the present description can be extended to any application in which a switched or assisted reluctance electric machine can be used.
  • a reluctance machine is not limited to a stator in which each slot receives four portions of radially aligned bar conductors.
  • each stator slot can receive only two portions of radially aligned bar conductors.
  • the number of portions of radially aligned bar conductors that are received in each stator slot can vary in general according to the specific design requirements and can thus also be in a number other than two or four as indicated above.
  • a reluctance electric machine according to the present description is not limited to a stator provided with a bar winding. Indeed, it is clear that the teachings of the present description can be applied also to the case of a switched or assisted reluctance machine in which the stator is provided with a round wire stator winding

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un rotor (3) pour une machine électrique à réluctance commutée ou assistée (1) comprenant un axe de rotation (XI) et une section de rotor ayant un bord radialement externe (33), ladite section de rotor comprenant une pluralité de groupes de barrières de flux répartis autour dudit axe de rotation (XI), chaque groupe de barrières de flux comprenant une pluralité de barrières de flux (19-22) qui sont séparées les unes des autres dans la direction radiale et dont chacune comporte une extrémité de barrière (29-32), le rotor (3) comprenant une pluralité de ponts périphériques (25-28) dont chacun est défini entre l'une desdites extrémités de barrière (29-32) et le bord radialement externe (33) de la section du rotor (3), lesdits ponts périphériques (25-28) ayant une largeur variable.
PCT/IT2014/000123 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée Ceased WO2015170352A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2014/000123 WO2015170352A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2014/000123 WO2015170352A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015170352A1 true WO2015170352A1 (fr) 2015-11-12

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PCT/IT2014/000123 Ceased WO2015170352A1 (fr) 2014-05-09 2014-05-09 Rotor pour une machine à réluctance commutée ou assistée

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105871160A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-08-17 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 同步磁阻电机
GB2529604B (en) * 2014-05-23 2017-02-22 Technelec Ltd Synchronous reluctance machine
EP3261219A1 (fr) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-27 Jtekt Corporation Moteur à réluctance synchrone
CN110365140A (zh) * 2019-07-18 2019-10-22 哈尔滨理工大学 一种同步磁阻电机转子

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111755A1 (fr) * 1997-03-13 2001-06-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Noyau de rotor pour moteur à reluctance avec des barrières de flux
US20090224624A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-10 Ajith Kuttannair Kumar Rotor structure for interior permanent magnet electromotive machine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111755A1 (fr) * 1997-03-13 2001-06-27 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Noyau de rotor pour moteur à reluctance avec des barrières de flux
US20090224624A1 (en) * 2008-03-06 2009-09-10 Ajith Kuttannair Kumar Rotor structure for interior permanent magnet electromotive machine

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2529604B (en) * 2014-05-23 2017-02-22 Technelec Ltd Synchronous reluctance machine
US9917481B2 (en) 2014-05-23 2018-03-13 Technelec Ltd Synchronous reluctance machine
CN105871160A (zh) * 2016-05-20 2016-08-17 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 同步磁阻电机
CN105871160B (zh) * 2016-05-20 2019-06-04 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 同步磁阻电机
EP3261219A1 (fr) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-27 Jtekt Corporation Moteur à réluctance synchrone
CN110365140A (zh) * 2019-07-18 2019-10-22 哈尔滨理工大学 一种同步磁阻电机转子
CN110365140B (zh) * 2019-07-18 2020-12-18 哈尔滨理工大学 一种同步磁阻电机转子

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