WO2015159748A1 - 積層フィルム、および積層フィルムの製造方法 - Google Patents
積層フィルム、および積層フィルムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015159748A1 WO2015159748A1 PCT/JP2015/060702 JP2015060702W WO2015159748A1 WO 2015159748 A1 WO2015159748 A1 WO 2015159748A1 JP 2015060702 W JP2015060702 W JP 2015060702W WO 2015159748 A1 WO2015159748 A1 WO 2015159748A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/51—Elastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminated film having both scratch resistance, in particular, repeated scratch resistance and moldability.
- plastic films with a surface layer made of synthetic resin have been used for the purpose of protecting optical surfaces such as color filters, flat panel displays, and car body surfaces (preventing scratches and imparting antifouling properties). Yes.
- Non-Patent Document 1 various prepolymers such as organosilanes and polyfunctional acrylics described in Non-Patent Document 1 are used.
- the coating composition containing an oligomer, etc. is applied using a coating-drying-heat or UV-curing "high cross-linking density material” or an "organic-inorganic hybrid material” combined with various surface-modified fillers. Scratch resistance is imparted by using a so-called “hard coat material” with increased surface hardness.
- the surface layer is required to have scratch resistance as an essential characteristic from the viewpoint of surface protection, and various characteristics such as chemical resistance, oil resistance and moldability are required depending on the application.
- the moldability is easily cracked or peeled off by simply hardening the coating film, so it is difficult to scratch but is flexible, and it is required to have both scratch resistance and moldability. Yes.
- Patent Document 1 states that “a laminated film having a hard coat layer provided on at least one side of a base film, A laminated film is proposed in which the maximum value of the surface hardness of the hard coat layer is 0.05 GPa or more and 4.0 GPa or less, and the crack elongation at 100 ° C. is 15% or more and less than 250% ”. Yes.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose a film using a so-called “self-healing material” that repairs scratches on the surface by deformation of the elastic recovery range of the material of the surface layer and achieves scratch resistance. Furthermore, as a material whose moldability is improved by improving the extensibility of the self-healing material, Patent Document 4 discloses that “at least one resin (A) selected from an epoxy resin, an oxetane resin and a vinyl ether resin” , A resin composition comprising a polyol (B) having a number average molecular weight of 400 or more, and an active energy ray-sensitive catalyst (C), wherein the polyol (B) has a main chain comprising a carbon-carbon bond (B1) , Polycarbonate polyol (B2), polyester polyol (B3), and polyether polyol (B4).
- the active energy ray-curable coating agent is proposed, which is a ol.
- Patent Document 5 states that “a stress relaxation layer and a self-healing layer are arranged in this order on at least one surface of a resin base material.
- the self-healing layer is composed of at least a soft synthetic resin, and the hardness H due to nanoindentation of the stress relaxation layer in contact with the self-healing layer is equal to the nanoindentation of the self-healing layer.
- Proposed is a laminate with a self-healing layer characterized by having a hardness equal to or lower than the hardness H of
- JP 2009-184284 A International Publication No. 2011/136042 JP-A-11-228905 JP 2007-284613 A JP 2011-5766 Gazette
- a molded body using the “hard coat material” for the surface layer is often scratched in daily life and has a poor appearance despite the extremely high surface hardness.
- the surface of the “hard coat material” is high in hardness, but if the surface is repeatedly rubbed with a soft cloth or the like, fine scratches are generated on the surface and the surface becomes cloudy.
- self-healing materials are flexible materials, they seem to be excellent in moldability. However, when molding is actually performed, the surface layer is cracked immediately after molding or when stored after molding. It was found that the surface layer may peel off from (crack) or the starting point.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 have proposed that both self-repairability and moldability be one of the problems. However, the present inventors have confirmed that both of these effects are cracks during molding. Or in terms of repeated rubbing. In addition, none of Patent Documents 1 to 5 has an idea about the structure of the present invention. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated film having both scratch resistance, in particular, repeated scratch resistance and moldability.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a laminated film having a surface layer containing an A layer and a B layer on at least one surface of a supporting substrate, wherein the B layer and the A layer are in contact in this order from the supporting substrate side.
- Layer, B layer, 25 ° C. storage elastic modulus (hereinafter referred to as E A25 , E B25 , E C25 ) and 120 ° C. storage elastic modulus (hereinafter referred to as E A120 , E B120 , E C120 ) satisfies the following conditions.
- Condition 1 E A25 ⁇ E B25 ⁇ E C25
- Condition 2 E B120 ⁇ E A120 ⁇ E C120
- Condition 3 E A25 ⁇ 100 MPa
- Condition 4 0 ⁇ E C25 -E B25 ⁇ 5 GPa
- Condition 5 0 ⁇ E A120 -E B120 ⁇ 50 MPa
- Tg B glass transition temperature
- T B the thickness of the B layer
- T B the thickness of the B layer
- Condition 7 0.1 ⁇ m ⁇ T B ⁇ 5 ⁇ m (5) 10% of the surface layer thickness (hereinafter referred to as position 1), 50% (hereinafter referred to as position 2), 99 from the surface of the surface layer in the cross section perpendicular to the base material of the surface layer, 99 % (Hereinafter referred to as position 3)
- the elastic moduli E1, E2, and E3 at each position of the atomic force microscope satisfy the following condition, according to any one of (1) to (4) Laminated film.
- sectional drawing which shows the structure of the laminated
- the present inventors have (1) the reason why the self-healing material is superior to the hard coat material in the actual use environment, and (2) the flexible self-healing material is immediately after molding or molding.
- the following considerations have been made by examining in detail the cracks in the surface layer during subsequent storage and the reason why the surface layer peels from the crack.
- the formation of scratches on the plastic surface is affected by three factors: “pressure”, “hardness of the scraping”, and “number of scratches”.
- the reason why hard coat materials are likely to be scratched in the actual use environment is that the scratch formation mechanism in the actual use environment, that is, “in the actual use environment, the surface is scratched but the hardness is low, but the number of contact is very high”. caused by.
- the hardness is low, but the pressure at the time of rubbing is low, even if the surface is not scratched by one rubbing, internal strain that does not cause scratches remains on the material surface, This is accumulated as distortion as the “number of scratches” increases.
- the surface layer is an entropy elastic body, so the elastic modulus increases compared to molding, When the elongation of is large, the fracture limit is reached and cracks are considered to occur.
- the present inventors as a surface layer of a laminated film, have excellent scratch resistance as described above, in particular, a surface having the following structure that has both sufficient moldability while having repeated scratch resistance in an actual use environment.
- a laminated film having layers was found.
- the laminated film of the present invention has a surface layer including an A layer and a B layer on at least one surface of a support substrate 3 as shown in FIG. Are in this order.
- Storage elastic modulus at 25 ° C. hereinafter referred to as E A25 , E B25 , E C25
- C layer storage elastic modulus at 120 ° C.
- E A120 , E B120 , E C120 preferably satisfy the following conditions.
- Condition 1 E A25 ⁇ E B25 ⁇ E C25
- Condition 2 E B120 ⁇ E A120 ⁇ E C120
- Condition 3 E A25 ⁇ 100 MPa.
- the condition 1 is that the elastic modulus at 25 ° C., that is, the layer A (layer in contact with the layer B in the surface layer) and the layer B (layer in contact with the support substrate in the surface layer) at the temperature at which the laminated film is actually used. ), And the storage elastic modulus relationship of the C layer (support base material).
- C layer has the highest storage elastic modulus
- B layer has higher storage elastic modulus than A layer
- C layer has the same or lower storage elastic modulus than C layer, which means that A layer has the lowest storage elastic modulus. More preferably, E A25 ⁇ E B25 ⁇ E C25 .
- the B layer has sufficient cohesive force, and the surface layer has sufficient adhesion to the C layer, and even if it is repeatedly rubbed in actual use, it is difficult to cause peeling. preferable.
- the surface layer may include other layers as long as it includes the A layer and the B layer. That is, the structure of the surface layer may be composed of three or more layers as shown in FIG. 3, and the elastic modulus of the layer on the surface side of the A layer in this case (referred to as Z layer) is not particularly limited.
- the Z layer preferably has an elastic modulus close to that of the A layer.
- the Z layer may have other functions such as antifouling properties, fingerprint resistance, dye resistance, antireflection properties, antiglare properties, and antistatic properties.
- the storage elastic modulus measured with the micro hardness meter described above indicates a value measured with a micro hardness meter by preparing an ultrathin section of the cross section of the surface layer of the laminated film. Details of a specific measurement method and calculation method will be described later.
- Condition 2 shows the relationship between the elastic modulus at 120 ° C., that is, the elastic modulus of the A layer, the B layer, and the C layer near the molding temperature of the laminated film.
- the B layer has the lowest elastic modulus, or
- the A layer has a lower elastic modulus than the C layer, which means that the C layer has the highest elastic modulus. More preferably, E B120 ⁇ E A120 ⁇ E C120 .
- the elastic modulus of the B layer becomes lower than that of the A layer at the time of molding, so that no residual stress remains in the A layer, and cracks occur even in heating in the subsequent processes and high temperatures in the use environment. It is preferable because it is difficult.
- the above-described mechanism may cause residual stress to accumulate at the time of molding, and may cause cracking at a high temperature in the subsequent heating and usage environment. .
- Condition 3 indicates a preferable range of the elastic modulus (E A25 ) of the A layer at 25 ° C.
- the value of E A25 is preferably at most 100 MPa, more preferably at most 50 MPa, and particularly preferably 20 MPa. If the value of E A25 exceeds 100 MPa, the strain release due to elastic recovery may be insufficient during repeated rubbing. Also there is no particular trouble in achieving this object is to the minute value of E A is small, there occur the adhesion to the surface becomes to 1MPa or less, if the terms of the surface protection is not practical is there.
- Condition 4 0 ⁇ E C25 -E B25 ⁇ 5 GPa
- Condition 5 0 ⁇ E A120 -E B120 ⁇ 50 MPa.
- condition 4 indicates the range of the preferable storage elastic modulus difference between the B layer and the C layer at the temperature in the actual use environment of the laminated film, and more preferably 100 MPa ⁇ E C25 ⁇ E B25 ⁇ 3 GPa. .
- E C25 -E B25 When E C25 -E B25 is 5 GPa or more, the adhesion of the surface layer to the supporting substrate becomes insufficient, and the repeated scratch resistance may decrease. When E C25 -E B25 becomes zero, as a result, the difference in elastic modulus between the A layer and the B layer increases, resulting in an increase in stress concentration at the interface between the A layer and the B layer. It may be easier.
- Condition 5 shows a range of a preferable storage elastic modulus difference between the A layer and the B layer at the molding temperature, more preferably 0 ⁇ E A120 ⁇ E B120 ⁇ 30 MPa, and further preferably 0 ⁇ E A120 ⁇ E. B120 ⁇ 10 MPa.
- E A120 -E B120 is 50 MPa or more, the adhesion between the surface layer and the supporting substrate becomes insufficient in the molding process, which may cause wrinkles. Further, when the direction of E B 120 is larger than E A 120, residual stress occurs at the interface between the A layer and the B layer during molding, which may easily crack or peel.
- the surface layer preferably satisfies the following condition 6.
- Condition 6 60 ° C. ⁇ Tg B ⁇ 130 ° C.
- the condition 6 indicates a preferable range of the glass transition temperature of the layer (B layer) in contact with the supporting substrate in the surface layer, and more preferably 60 ° C. ⁇ Tg B ⁇ 100 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature is a value obtained from the maximum value of temperature dispersion of the ratio of storage elastic modulus to loss elastic modulus (loss tangent) measured by the above-described microhardness meter. Details of the measurement method will be described later.
- the glass transition temperature of the B layer When the glass transition temperature of the B layer is lower than 60 ° C., the adhesion between the surface layer and the supporting substrate is lowered, so that scratches may easily remain due to peeling at room temperature or rubbing with a hard material. Moreover, when the glass transition temperature of B layer is higher than 130 degreeC, it may become easy to produce a crack and peeling at the time of shaping
- the surface layer preferably satisfies the following condition 7.
- Condition 7 0.1 ⁇ m ⁇ T B ⁇ 5 ⁇ m.
- Condition 7 indicates a preferable range of the thickness (T B ) of the layer (B layer) in contact with the support base material in the surface layer, and more preferably 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ T B ⁇ 3 ⁇ m. If the thickness of layer B is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the ability to absorb residual stress generated between the surface layer and the supporting substrate during molding may be slightly weakened. If the thickness of layer B is greater than 5 ⁇ m, the surface layer and the supporting base The adhesion between materials may be slightly weakened.
- the laminated film of the present invention is a laminated film having a surface layer containing an A layer and a B layer on at least one surface of a supporting substrate as shown in FIG. 2, and is perpendicular to the substrate of the surface layer.
- position 1 position 5 in FIG. 2
- position 2 position 2; 6 in FIG. 2
- Position position 3; position 7 in FIG. 2
- the elastic moduli E1, E2, and E3 by the atomic force microscope are as follows: Condition 8, Condition 9, Condition 10 It is preferable to satisfy.
- Condition 8 E1 ⁇ E2 ⁇ E3 Condition 9 E1 ⁇ 100 MPa Condition 10 E3 ⁇ 1 GPa Condition 8 intends that the elastic modulus is preferably higher from the surface side toward the substrate side in the thickness direction of the surface layer, and preferably E1 ⁇ E2 ⁇ E3, and E1 ⁇ E2 ⁇ E3. It is more preferable that
- Condition 9 indicates a preferable range of the elastic modulus (E1) on the surface side of the surface layer.
- E1 is preferably 100 MPa or less, more preferably 50 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 20 MPa or less. If the value of E1 exceeds 100 MPa, the strain release due to elastic recovery may be insufficient during repeated rubbing. In addition, since the value of E1 is small, there is no particular problem in achieving this problem, but if it is 1 MPa or less, the surface may become sticky and may not be practical from the viewpoint of surface protection. .
- Condition 10 indicates a preferable range of the elastic modulus (E3) of the surface layer on the support base material side.
- the value of E3 is preferably 1 GPa or more, more preferably 2 GPa or more, and particularly preferably 3 GPa or more.
- E3 is less than 1 GPa, the surface hardness becomes insufficient, and the durability against scratching by a hard material may be insufficient.
- an ultra-thin section of the surface layer of the laminated film is produced with an ultramicrotome (Ultracut S manufactured by Leica)
- the measurement sample is measured under the following conditions, and the elastic modulus is calculated using Hertz's contact theory.
- the measurement principle using an ultra-micro hardness meter will be described below.
- A is the projected area of the indentation formed by contact between the sample and the indenter
- E * is the combined elastic modulus of the indenter system and the sample system.
- the tip of the indenter when the indenter contacts the very surface of the sample, the tip of the indenter is regarded as a spherical shape, and it is considered that the Hertz contact theory relating to the contact between the spherical shape and the semi-infinite flat plate can be applied.
- the radius a of the indentation projection surface when the indenter is in contact with the sample is expressed by Equation (2).
- the projected area A of the impression formed by the contact between the sample and the indenter is expressed by Expression (3), and E * can be calculated using Expression (1) to Expression (3).
- Modulus mapping is based on the Hertz contact theory described above. An indenter is brought into contact with the very surface of the sample, the indenter is microvibrated during the test, and the response amplitude and phase difference with respect to the vibration are obtained as a function of time. System stiffness) and D (sample damping).
- Equation (4) the total force (detected load component) F (t) in the direction in which the indenter enters the sample is expressed by Equation (4).
- the first term of equation (4) is the force derived from the indenter shaft (m: mass of the indenter shaft), the second term of equation (4) is the force derived from the viscous component of the sample, and the third term of equation (4).
- m mass of the indenter shaft
- the second term of equation (4) is the force derived from the viscous component of the sample
- the third term of equation (4) Represents the rigidity of the sample system, and t represents time. Since F (t) in Expression (4) depends on time, it is expressed as Expression (5).
- ⁇ is a phase difference. Since m is known at the time of measurement, by measuring the vibration amplitude (h 0 ), phase difference ( ⁇ ), and excitation vibration amplitude (F 0 ) of the displacement when measuring the specimen, the equations (7) to (7) From (10), K and D can be calculated.
- the loss elastic modulus in the present invention can also be measured in the same manner as the measurement of the storage elastic modulus described above.
- Ks that is derived from the sample is used, and is combined with equation (11).
- the loss elastic modulus was calculated from the equation (12).
- the glass transition temperature in the present invention can also be measured in the same manner as the measurement of the storage elastic modulus described above.
- the loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) is obtained from the ratio of the storage elastic modulus and the loss elastic modulus calculated in the above, and the obtained loss tangent (tan ⁇ ) ) was the glass transition temperature (Tg).
- the elastic modulus measurement by the atomic force microscope in the present invention is a compression test using a probe of a very small portion, and is a degree of deformation due to the pressing force. Therefore, a cantilever having a known spring constant is used to measure the thickness of the surface layer.
- the elastic modulus in the cross section at each position is measured. Specifically, the laminated film is cut, and the elastic modulus in the cross section at each position in the thickness direction of the surface layer is measured with an atomic force microscope. Details will be described in the section of the example, but using an atomic force microscope shown below, the probe at the tip of the cantilever was brought into contact with the cross section of the surface layer, and the force curve was measured by an indentation load of 2 ⁇ N at maximum. It can be measured from the amount of bending of the cantilever. Details will be described later.
- Atomic force microscope MFP-3DSA-J manufactured by Asylum Technology Cantilever: A cantilever “R150-NCL-10 made by NANOSENSORS (material Si, spring constant 48 N / m, radius of curvature of the tip 150 nm).
- the laminated film of the present invention may be in a planar state or a three-dimensional shape after being molded as long as it has a surface layer exhibiting the aforementioned physical properties.
- the “surface layer” in the present invention is preferably formed of at least two layers.
- the thickness of the entire surface layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- At least the surface layer has a layer in contact with the B layer (A layer), a layer in contact with the support substrate (B layer), and the A layer, the B layer, and the support substrate have It is preferable to satisfy the above relationship.
- the surface layer is an object of the present invention, in addition to the scratch resistance, particularly the repetitive scratch resistance and moldability, as well as antifouling properties, antireflection properties, antistatic properties, electrical conductivity, heat ray reflectivity, and near infrared absorption properties. It may have other functions such as electromagnetic wave shielding and easy adhesion.
- the material constituting the support substrate used in the laminated film of the present invention may be either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, may be a homo resin, may be a copolymer or a blend of two or more types. Good. More preferably, the resin constituting the support substrate is preferably a thermoplastic resin because of good moldability.
- thermoplastic resins examples include polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polymethylpentene, alicyclic polyolefin resins, polyamide resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, aramid resins, polyester resins, polycarbonate resins, and polyarylate resins.
- Fluorine resins such as polyacetal resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, tetrafluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene resin, trifluoroethylene chloride resin, tetrafluoroethylene-6 fluoropropylene copolymer, vinylidene fluoride resin, acrylic Resins, methacrylic resins, polyacetal resins, polyglycolic acid resins, polylactic acid resins, and the like can be used.
- the thermoplastic resin is preferably a resin having sufficient stretchability and followability.
- the thermoplastic resin is particularly preferably a polyester resin, a polycarbonate resin, or a methacrylic resin from the viewpoint of strength, heat resistance, and transparency, and a polyester resin is particularly preferable.
- the polyester resin in the present invention is a general term for polymers having an ester bond as a main bond chain, and is obtained by polycondensation of an acid component and its ester with a diol component.
- Specific examples include polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and the like. These may be copolymerized with other dicarboxylic acids and their esters or diol components as acid components or diol components.
- polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate are particularly preferable in terms of transparency, dimensional stability, heat resistance and the like.
- the support substrate may be either a single layer configuration or a laminated configuration.
- the surface of the support substrate can be subjected to various surface treatments before forming the surface layer.
- the surface treatment include chemical treatment, mechanical treatment, corona discharge treatment, flame treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, high frequency treatment, glow discharge treatment, active plasma treatment, laser treatment, mixed acid treatment and ozone oxidation treatment.
- glow discharge treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, corona discharge treatment and flame treatment are preferred, and glow discharge treatment and ultraviolet treatment are more preferred.
- a functional layer such as an easy-adhesion layer, an antistatic layer, an undercoat layer, and an ultraviolet absorption layer can be provided in advance on the surface of the support substrate. It is preferable to provide a layer.
- the laminated film of the present invention can form a surface layer having a structure capable of achieving the aforementioned physical properties by applying, drying, and curing a coating composition on a supporting substrate by using a laminated film manufacturing method described later.
- the “coating composition” is a liquid composed of a solvent and a solute, and is a material that can be applied to the above-mentioned supporting substrate and volatilized, removed, and cured in a drying process to form a surface layer.
- the “type” of the coating composition refers to liquids that are different in part even in the type of solute constituting the coating composition.
- This solute is a resin or a material that can form them in the coating process (hereinafter referred to as a precursor), particles, and polymerization initiators, curing agents, catalysts, leveling agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, etc. Consists of various additives.
- the laminated film of the present invention uses at least two types of coating compositions (hereinafter referred to as coating composition A and coating composition B), and is applied sequentially or simultaneously on a supporting substrate. It is preferable to form.
- the coating composition A is a liquid containing a resin or a precursor suitable for forming the second layer from the support base material side of the surface layer, that is, the aforementioned A layer, and the B layer is formed in advance.
- the A layer can be formed by coating, drying, curing on the supporting substrate, or coating, drying, and curing simultaneously with the formation of the B layer on the supporting substrate.
- the coating composition B is a layer containing a surface layer in contact with the supporting substrate, that is, a liquid containing a resin or precursor suitable for forming the aforementioned B layer, and is applied onto the supporting substrate, dried,
- the B layer can be formed by curing or coating, drying and curing simultaneously with the A layer on the surface side.
- the coating composition A is a liquid containing a material suitable for constituting the A layer in the surface layer or containing a precursor that can be formed, and a resin containing the following segments (1) to (3) as a solute: Or it is preferable that a precursor is included.
- a segment containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a polycaprolactone segment, a polycarbonate segment and a polyalkylene glycol segment (2)
- a urethane bond (3) From a group consisting of a fluorine compound segment, a polysiloxane segment and a polydimethylsiloxane segment A segment containing at least one selected.
- Each segment included in the resin constituting the layer A on the surface layer can be confirmed by TOF-SIMS, FT-IR, or the like.
- (1) / (2) / (3) 90/10/1 to 60/40/10 is more preferable.
- the details of (1), (2), and (3) will be described below.
- the toughness of the entire surface layer can be improved when the resin constituting the layer A on the surface of the surface layer has this bond.
- the resin constituting the surface layer contains these, so that molecules having low surface energy can be present at a high density on the outermost surface, and the surface is repeatedly scratched. improves.
- polycaprolactone segment polycarbonate segment, polyalkylene glycol segment
- the polycaprolactone segment refers to a segment represented by Chemical Formula 1.
- Polycaprolactone includes those having caprolactone repeating units of 1 (monomer), 2 (dimer), 3 (trimer), and oligomers having caprolactone repeating units of up to 35.
- n is an integer of 1 to 35.
- the resin containing a polycaprolactone segment preferably has at least one hydroxyl group.
- the hydroxyl group is preferably at the end of the resin containing the polycaprolactone segment.
- polycaprolactone having a bi- or trifunctional hydroxyl group is particularly preferable.
- polycaprolactone diol represented by Chemical Formula 2 is particularly preferable.
- n + n is an integer from 4 to 35
- m and n are each an integer from 1 to 34
- R is C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 , C (CH 3 ) 3 (CH 2 ) 2
- polycaprolactone triol represented by Chemical Formula 3
- l + m + n is an integer of 3 to 30, l, m and n are each an integer of 1 to 28, R is CH 2 CHCH 2 , CH 3 C (CH 2 ) 3 , CH 3 CH 2 C (CH 2 ) 3
- polycaprolactone polyol and polycaprolactone-modified hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate represented by Chemical Formula 4
- n is an integer of 1 to 25
- R is active energy ray-polymerizable caprolactone such as H or CH 3 .
- examples of other active energy ray-polymerizable caprolactone include polycaprolactone-modified hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, polycaprolactone-modified hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- the resin containing a polycaprolactone segment may contain (or copolymerize) other segments and monomers in addition to the polycaprolactone segment.
- a polydimethylsiloxane segment, a polysiloxane segment, or a compound containing an isocyanate compound described later may be contained (or copolymerized).
- the weight average molecular weight of the polycaprolactone segment in the resin containing the polycaprolactone segment is preferably 500 to 2,500, and more preferably 1,000 to 1,500. It is preferable that the weight average molecular weight of the polycaprolactone segment is 500 to 2,500 because the self-repairing effect is further exhibited and the repeated scratch resistance is further improved.
- the polyalkylene glycol segment refers to a segment represented by Chemical Formula 5.
- the polyalkylene glycol includes those having an alkylene glycol repeating unit of 2 (dimer) and 3 (trimer) and an oligomer having an alkylene glycol repeating unit of up to 11.
- N is an integer from 2 to 4
- m is an integer from 2 to 11.
- the resin containing a polyalkylene glycol segment preferably has at least one hydroxyl group (hydroxyl group).
- the hydroxyl group is preferably at the end of the resin containing the polyalkylene glycol segment.
- the resin containing a polyalkylene glycol segment is preferably a polyalkylene glycol (meth) acrylate having an acrylate group at the end in order to impart elasticity.
- the number of acrylate functional groups (or methacrylate functional groups) of the polyalkylene glycol (meth) acrylate is not limited, but is most preferably monofunctional from the viewpoint of self-healing properties of the cured product.
- Examples of the polyalkylene glycol (meth) acrylate contained in the coating composition used for forming the surface layer include polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol (meth) acrylate, and polybutylene glycol (meth) acrylate. .
- the structures are represented by the following chemical formula 6, chemical formula 7, and chemical formula 8, respectively.
- R is hydrogen (H) or a methyl group (—CH 3 ), and m is an integer from 2 to 11.
- the resin constituting the surface layer is preferably formed by reacting a compound containing an isocyanate group, which will be described later, with the hydroxyl group of (poly) alkylene glycol (meth) acrylate and using it as the urethane (meth) acrylate in the surface layer.
- a compound containing an isocyanate group which will be described later
- the hydroxyl group of (poly) alkylene glycol (meth) acrylate and using it as the urethane (meth) acrylate in the surface layer.
- (2) It can have a urethane bond and (3) (poly) alkylene glycol segment, and as a result, it can improve the toughness of the surface layer and improve self-repairability, which is preferable.
- examples include (meth) acrylate.
- polycarbonate segment refers to the segment represented by Chemical Formula 9.
- Polycarbonate includes carbonate repeating units such as 2 (dimer) and 3 (trimer), and oligomers having up to 16 carbonate repeating units.
- n is an integer of 2 to 16.
- R 4 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a cycloalkylene group.
- the resin containing a polycarbonate segment preferably has at least one hydroxyl group (hydroxyl group).
- the hydroxyl group is preferably at the end of the resin containing the polycarbonate segment.
- a polycarbonate diol having a bifunctional hydroxyl group is particularly preferable. Specifically, it is represented by Chemical Formula 10. Polycarbonate diol:
- N is an integer from 2 to 16.
- R represents an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a cycloalkylene group.
- the polycarbonate diol may have any number of repeating carbonate units, but if the number of repeating carbonate units is too large, the strength of the cured urethane (meth) acrylate will decrease, so the number of repeating units should be 10 or less. Is preferred.
- the polycarbonate diol may be a mixture of two or more types of polycarbonate diols having different repeating numbers of carbonate units.
- the polycarbonate diol preferably has a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000, more preferably 1,000 to 5,000. When the number average molecular weight is less than 500, suitable flexibility may be difficult to obtain, and when the number average molecular weight exceeds 10,000, the heat resistance and solvent resistance may be deteriorated. It is.
- the polycarbonate diol used in the present invention includes UH-CARB, UD-CARB, UC-CARB (Ube Industries, Ltd.), PLACEL CD-PL, PLACEL CD-H (Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and Kuraray Polyol C. Products such as the series (Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and the Duranol series (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.) can be suitably exemplified. These polycarbonate diols can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the resin containing a polycaprolactone segment may contain (or copolymerize) other segments and monomers in addition to the polycaprolactone segment.
- a polydimethylsiloxane segment, a polysiloxane segment, or a compound containing an isocyanate compound described later may be contained (or copolymerized).
- a resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer is obtained by reacting a compound containing an isocyanate group, which will be described later, with a hydroxyl group of polycarbonate diol, as urethane (meth) acrylate, on the surface side of the surface layer.
- a compound containing an isocyanate group which will be described later
- a hydroxyl group of polycarbonate diol as urethane (meth) acrylate
- urethane bond refers to a bond represented by Chemical Formula 11.
- the resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer has this bond, whereby the toughness of the entire surface layer can be improved.
- the resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer can have a urethane bond.
- a urethane bond is generated by applying, drying and curing a coating composition A containing a compound containing an isocyanate group and a compound containing a hydroxyl group as a precursor.
- a urethane bond can also be contained on the surface side of the surface layer.
- a urethane bond into the resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer by reacting an isocyanate group and a hydroxyl group to generate a urethane bond.
- the toughness of the surface layer and self-healing can be increased, which is more preferable from the viewpoint of repeated scratching.
- the compound containing an isocyanate group means a resin containing an isocyanate group, or a monomer or oligomer containing an isocyanate group.
- the compound containing an isocyanate group include methylene bis-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of tolylene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of isophorone diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate.
- Examples include isocyanurate bodies, isocyanurate bodies of hexamethylene diisocyanate, (poly) isocyanates such as a burette body of hexamethylene isocyanate, and block bodies of the above isocyanates.
- aliphatic isocyanates are preferred because of their high self-healing properties compared to alicyclic and aromatic isocyanates.
- the compound containing an isocyanate group is more preferably hexamethylene diisocyanate.
- the isocyanate group-containing compound is particularly preferably an isocyanate having an isocyanurate ring from the viewpoint of heat resistance, and most preferably an isocyanurate of hexamethylene diisocyanate. Isocyanates having an isocyanurate ring form a surface layer having both self-healing properties and heat resistance.
- the surface layer or the resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer has a segment containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorine compound segment, a polysiloxane segment, and a polydimethylsiloxane segment. Preferably it is.
- a coating composition A containing a resin containing a segment containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorine compound segment, a polysiloxane segment, and a polydimethylsiloxane segment, or a coating composition A containing a precursor is formed.
- the resin constituting the surface side of the surface layer can have these.
- the fluorine compound segment refers to a segment including at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluoroalkyl group, a fluorooxyalkyl group, a fluoroalkenyl group, a fluoroalkanediyl group, and a fluorooxyalkanediyl group.
- a fluoroalkyl group, a fluorooxyalkyl group, a fluoroalkenyl group, a fluoroalkanediyl group, and a fluorooxyalkanediyl group are alkyl groups, oxyalkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkanediyl groups, and oxyalkanediyl groups.
- a part or all of the substituents are replaced by fluorine, both of which are mainly composed of fluorine atoms and carbon atoms, and there may be branching in the structure.
- a plurality of linked dimers, trimers, oligomers, and polymer structures may be formed.
- the fluorine compound segment is preferably a fluoropolyether segment, which is a site comprising a fluoroalkyl group, an oxyfluoroalkyl group, an oxyfluoroalkanediyl group or the like, more preferably represented by Chemical Formula 5 or Chemical Formula 6. As described above, it is a fluoropolyether segment.
- the fluoropolyether segment is a segment composed of a fluoroalkyl group, an oxyfluoroalkyl group, an oxyfluoroalkanediyl group, etc., and has a structure represented by Chemical Formula 12 and Chemical Formula 13.
- n1 is an integer of 1 to 3
- n2 to n5 are integers of 1 or 2
- k, m, p, and s are integers of 0 or more
- p + s is 1 or more.
- n1 is 2 or more and n2 to n5 are integers of 1 or 2, more preferably n1 is 3, n2 and n4 are 2, and n3 and n5 are integers of 1 or 2.
- There is a preferred range for the chain length of the fluoropolyether segment, and the carbon number is preferably 4 or more and 12 or less, more preferably 4 or more and 10 or less, and particularly preferably 6 or more and 8 or less.
- the surface energy is not sufficiently reduced, and thus the oil repellency may be lowered.
- the number is 13 or more, the solubility in a solvent is lowered, and the quality of the surface layer may be lowered.
- the above-mentioned coating composition A preferably contains the following fluorine compound D.
- This fluorine compound D is a compound represented by Chemical Formula 14.
- R f1 represents a fluorine compound segment
- R 7 represents an alkanediyl group, an alkanetriyl group, and an ester structure, urethane structure, ether structure, and triazine structure derived therefrom
- D 1 represents a reactive site.
- This reactive site refers to a site that reacts with other components by external energy such as heat or light.
- reactive sites include alkoxysilyl groups and silanol groups in which alkoxysilyl groups are hydrolyzed from the viewpoint of reactivity, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups, vinyl groups, allyl groups, acryloyl groups, methacryloyl groups, and the like. Can be mentioned. Of these, vinyl groups, allyl groups, alkoxysilyl groups, silyl ether groups, silanol groups, epoxy groups, and acryloyl (methacryloyl) groups are preferred from the viewpoints of reactivity and handling properties.
- fluorine compound D is a compound shown below. 3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriethoxysilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriisopropoxysilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrichlorosilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltriisocyanate silane, 2-perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane, 2-perfluorooctylethyltriethoxysilane, 2-perfluorooctylethyltriisopropoxysilane, 2-perfluorooctylethyltri Chlorosilane, 2-perfluorooctyl isocyanate silane, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl acrylate, 2-perfluorobutylethyl
- the fluorine compound D may have a plurality of fluoropolyether moieties per molecule.
- Examples of commercially available fluorine compounds D include RS-75 (DIC Corporation), OPTOOL DAC-HP (Daikin Industries Co., Ltd.), C10GACRY, C8HGOL (Oil Products Co., Ltd.), etc. Can be used.
- the polysiloxane segment refers to a segment represented by the following chemical formula 15.
- polysiloxane includes both low molecular weight (so-called oligomer) having about 100 repeating units of siloxane and high molecular weight (so-called polymer) having more than 100 repeating units of siloxane.
- R 1 and R 2 are either a hydroxyl group or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, each having at least one in the formula, and n is an integer of 100 to 300.
- the resin constituting the surface layer has these segments to improve heat resistance and weather resistance, and scratch resistance due to the lubricity of the surface layer. Can be improved. More preferably, it contains a polydimethylsiloxane segment represented by the following chemical formula 16 from the viewpoint of lubricity.
- Resins containing polysiloxane segments are tetraalkoxysilane, methyltrialkoxysilane, dimethyldialkoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrialkoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropylalkyldialkoxysilane, ⁇ -methacryloxypropyltri
- the resin containing a polysiloxane segment may contain (copolymerize) other segments in addition to the polysiloxane segment.
- a monomer component having a polycaprolactone segment and a polydimethylsiloxane segment may be contained (copolymerized).
- the surface using a coating composition containing a resin (copolymer) containing a polysiloxane segment having a hydroxyl group and a compound containing an isocyanate group When the layer is formed, the surface layer having a polysiloxane segment and a urethane bond can be efficiently formed.
- the polydimethylsiloxane segment refers to a segment represented by Chemical Formula 16.
- Polydimethylsiloxane includes both low molecular weight dimethylsiloxane repeating units of 10 to 100 (so-called oligomers) and high molecular weight dimethylsiloxane repeating units of more than 100 (so-called polymers).
- M is an integer from 10 to 300.
- the polydimethylsiloxane segment is coordinated to the surface of the surface layer.
- the lubricity of the surface layer surface can be improved and the frictional resistance can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to improve the repeated rubbing property.
- the resin containing a polydimethylsiloxane segment it is preferable to use a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl monomer with a polydimethylsiloxane segment.
- the resin containing a polydimethylsiloxane segment is preferably copolymerized with a monomer having a hydroxyl group that reacts with an isocyanate group.
- the resin containing a polydimethylsiloxane segment is a copolymer having a hydroxyl group
- a coating composition containing a resin (copolymer) containing a polydimethylsiloxane segment having a hydroxyl group and a compound containing an isocyanate group is used.
- the surface layer is formed, the surface layer having a polydimethylsiloxane segment and a urethane bond can be efficiently formed.
- any of a block copolymer, a graft copolymer, and a random copolymer may be used.
- the resin containing the polydimethylsiloxane segment is a copolymer with a vinyl monomer, this is referred to as a polydimethylsiloxane copolymer.
- Polydimethylsiloxane copolymer can be produced by living polymerization method, polymer initiator method, polymer chain transfer method, etc., but considering the productivity, polymer initiator method, polymer chain transfer method can be used. It is preferable to use it.
- the polymer initiator method when used, it can be copolymerized with other vinyl monomers using a polymer azo radical polymerization initiator represented by Chemical Formula 17.
- a two-stage polymerization is carried out by synthesizing a prepolymer in which a peroxide group is introduced into the side chain by copolymerizing a peroxy monomer and polydimethylsiloxane having an unsaturated group at a low temperature, and then copolymerizing the prepolymer with a vinyl monomer. Can also be done.
- M is an integer from 10 to 300, and n is an integer from 1 to 50.
- the SH group A block copolymer can be synthesized by copolymerizing the silicone compound and vinyl monomer using chain transfer.
- M is an integer from 10 to 300.
- a graft copolymer can be easily obtained by copolymerizing a compound represented by Chemical Formula 19, that is, a methacrylic ester of polydimethylsiloxane and a vinyl monomer. it can.
- M is an integer from 10 to 300.
- Examples of the vinyl monomer used in the copolymer with polydimethylsiloxane include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n -Butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, lauryl methacrylate, methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, n-propyl vinyl ether, styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride , Vinyl fluoride, vinylidene fluoride, glycidy
- Polydimethylsiloxane copolymers include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc. It is preferable that the alcoholic solvent is produced by a solution polymerization method alone or in a mixed solvent.
- a polymerization initiator such as benzoyl peroxide or azobisisobutylnitrile is used in combination.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out at 50 to 150 ° C. for 3 to 12 hours.
- the amount of the polydimethylsiloxane segment in the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer in the present invention is 1 to 100% by mass based on 100% by mass of all components of the polydimethylsiloxane copolymer from the viewpoint of lubricity and contamination resistance of the surface layer. It is preferably 30% by mass.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polydimethylsiloxane segment is preferably 1,000 to 30,000.
- a resin containing a polydimethylsiloxane segment when used as the coating composition used for forming the surface layer, other segments are contained (copolymerized) in addition to the polydimethylsiloxane segment. May be.
- a polycaprolactone segment or a polysiloxane segment may be contained (copolymerized).
- the coating composition used to form the surface layer includes a copolymer of a polycaprolactone segment and a polydimethylsiloxane segment, a copolymer of a polycaprolactone segment and a polysiloxane segment, a polycaprolactone segment, a polydimethylsiloxane segment, and a polymer.
- a copolymer with a siloxane segment can be used.
- the surface layer obtained using such a coating composition can have a polycaprolactone segment and a polydimethylsiloxane segment and / or a polysiloxane segment.
- the reaction of polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, polycaprolactone, and polysiloxane in a coating composition used to form a surface layer having a polycaprolactone segment, a polysiloxane segment, and a polydimethylsiloxane segment is a polydimethylsiloxane
- a polycaprolactone segment and a polysiloxane segment can be appropriately added and copolymerized.
- the coating composition B is a liquid having a surface hardness higher than that of the A layer and capable of forming a material by applying, drying and curing on the supporting substrate, and a resin or precursor suitable for forming the B layer. including.
- the coating composition B may be either a thermosetting resin or an ultraviolet curable resin, and may be a blend of two or more types.
- the thermosetting resin in the present invention comprises a hydroxyl group-containing resin and a polyisocyanate compound
- examples of the hydroxyl group-containing resin include acrylic polyol, polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polyolefin polyol, polycarbonate polyol, and urethane polyol. These may be one type or a blend of two or more types.
- the hydroxyl value of the hydroxyl group-containing resin is preferably in the range of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g from the viewpoints of durability, hydrolysis resistance, and adhesion when formed into a coating film. When the hydroxyl value is less than 1 mgKOH / g, the coating film hardly cures and the durability and strength may be lowered. On the other hand, when the hydroxyl value is larger than 200 mgKOH / g, the curing shrinkage is too large and the adhesion may be lowered.
- the acrylic polyol containing a hydroxyl group in the present invention is obtained, for example, by polymerizing an acrylic ester or a methacrylic ester as a component.
- Such an acrylic resin can be easily prepared, for example, by copolymerizing a methacrylic acid ester as a component and a carboxylic acid group-containing monomer such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, and maleic anhydride as necessary. Can be manufactured.
- (meth) acrylic acid esters examples include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, and tert-butyl.
- acrylic polyol containing a hydroxyl group include DIC Corporation (trade name “Acridic” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. (trade name “Acrit” (registered trademark) series, etc.
- Polyether polyols containing hydroxyl groups in the present invention include polyethylene glycol or triol, polypropylene glycol or triol, polybutylene glycol or triol, polytetramethylene glycol or triol, and addition weights of oxyalkylene compounds having different carbon numbers. Examples include coalesced and block copolymers. Examples of such polyether polyols containing hydroxyl groups include Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. (trade name “Excenol” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd. (trade name “Accor” (registered trademark) series, etc.) These products can be used.
- polyester polyol containing a hydroxyl group in the present invention examples include aliphatic glycols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, heptanediol, decanediol, and cyclohexanedimethanol, and succinic acid and adipine.
- Aliphatic polyester polyol reacted as an essential raw material component with an aliphatic dibasic acid such as acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, 1,10-decamethylenedicarboxylic acid, cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, or ethylene glycol
- Aromatic polymers obtained by reacting aliphatic glycols such as propylene glycol and butanediol with aromatic dibasic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid as essential raw material components Ester polyols.
- polyester polyols containing hydroxyl groups examples include DIC Corporation (trade name “Polylite” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Kuraray Co., Ltd. (trade name “Kuraray polyol” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Takeda. Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd. (trade name “Takelac” (registered trademark) U series) can be mentioned, and these products can be used.
- Examples of the polyolefin-based polyol containing a hydroxyl group in the present invention include polymers and copolymers of diolefins having 4 to 12 carbon atoms such as butadiene and isoprene, diolefins having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and 2 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the compound contains a hydroxyl group.
- the method for containing a hydroxyl group is not particularly limited, and for example, there is a method of reacting a diene monomer with hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, you may make it saturated aliphatic by hydrogen-bonding the remaining double bond.
- polyolefin-based polyols containing hydroxyl groups examples include Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. (trade name “NISSO-PB” (registered trademark) G series, etc.), Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd .; (trade name “Poly bd” (registered trademark). ) Series, “Epaul” (registered trademark) series, etc.), and these products can be used.
- polycarbonate polyol containing a hydroxyl group in the present invention for example, a polycarbonate polyol obtained by using only dialkyl carbonate and 1,6-hexanediol can be used. However, in terms of lower crystallinity, 1 It is preferable to use a polycarbonate polyol obtained by copolymerizing 1,6-butanediol with 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol or 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
- polycarbonate polyol containing a hydroxyl group Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd., which is a copolymerized polycarbonate polyol (trade names “T5650J”, “T5652”, “T4671”, “T4672”, etc.), Ube Industries, Trade names such as “ETERNACLL” (registered trademark) UM series), and these products can be used.
- the urethane polyol containing a hydroxyl group in the present invention is, for example, a reaction between a polyisocyanate compound and a compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups in one molecule at a ratio such that the hydroxyl group is excessive with respect to the isocyanate group. Obtained.
- the polyisocyanate compound used in this case include hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, m-xylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate.
- the compound containing at least two hydroxyl groups in one molecule include polyhydric alcohols, polyester diol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polycarbonate diol.
- the polyisocyanate compound used for the thermosetting resin in the present invention refers to a resin containing an isocyanate group, a monomer or an oligomer containing an isocyanate group.
- the compound containing an isocyanate group include methylene bis-4-cyclohexyl isocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of tolylene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylolpropane adduct of isophorone diisocyanate, and tolylene diisocyanate.
- thermosetting resins examples include Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. (trade name “Takenate” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd .; (trade name “Coronate” (registered trademark).
- polyfunctional acrylate monomers, oligomers, alkoxysilanes, alkoxysilane hydrolysates, alkoxysilane oligomers, urethane acrylate oligomers, and the like are preferable, and polyfunctional acrylate monomers, oligomers, and urethane acrylate oligomers are more preferable. .
- polyfunctional acrylate monomers include polyfunctional acrylates having two or more (meth) acryloyloxy groups in one molecule and modified polymers thereof. Specific examples include pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol.
- Pentaerythritol triacrylate hexanemethylene diisocyanate urethane polymer and the like can be used. These monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- polyfunctional acrylic compositions include Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. (trade name “Diabeam” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (trade name “SHIKOH” (registered trademark)). ) Series), Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd .; (trade name “Denacol” (registered trademark) series, etc.), Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
- an acrylic polymer may be used to impart the above-mentioned characteristics. More preferably, the acrylic polymer contains no unsaturated groups, has a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 200,000, and a glass transition temperature of 20 to 200 ° C. If the glass transition temperature of the acrylic polymer is less than 20 ° C., the hardness may decrease, and the elongation exceeding 200 ° C. may not be sufficient. A more preferable range of the glass transition temperature is 50 to 150 ° C.
- the acrylic polymer can impart hardness by having a hydrophilic functional group.
- hydrophilic functional groups such as (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and the like having a carboxyl group, or 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group
- a hydrophilic functional group can be introduced into the acrylic polymer by copolymerizing an unsaturated monomer having the above with the unsaturated monomer.
- the weight average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is preferably 5,000 to 200,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 5,000, the hardness may be insufficient, and when the weight average molecular weight exceeds 200,000, the moldability and toughness including coating properties are insufficient. There is. Further, the weight average molecular weight can be adjusted depending on the blending amount of the polymerization catalyst and the chain transfer agent and the type of the solvent used.
- the acrylic polymer content is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 30% by mass in the total solid content of the coating composition B.
- the elongation is remarkably improved by setting it to 1% by mass or more, and the hardness can be maintained by setting it to 50% by mass or less, which is preferable.
- the coating composition A and the coating composition B preferably contain a solvent.
- the number of solvent types is preferably 1 or more and 20 or less, more preferably 1 or more and 10 or less, and still more preferably 1 or more and 6 or less.
- the “solvent” refers to a substance that is liquid at room temperature and normal pressure, and can be removed from the coating film by evaporating almost the whole amount in the drying step after coating.
- the type of solvent is determined by the molecular structure constituting the solvent. That is, the same elemental composition and the same type and number of functional groups have different bond relationships (structural isomers), which are not structural isomers, but what conformations are in three-dimensional space Those that do not overlap exactly even if they are removed (stereoisomers) are treated as different types of solvents. For example, 2-propanol and n-propanol are handled as different solvents.
- the coating composition A and the coating composition B preferably contain a polymerization initiator, a curing agent, and a catalyst.
- a polymerization initiator and a catalyst are used to accelerate the curing of the surface layer.
- the polymerization initiator those capable of initiating or accelerating polymerization, condensation or crosslinking reaction by anion, cation, radical polymerization reaction or the like of components contained in the coating composition are preferable.
- polymerization initiators curing agents and catalysts
- the polymerization initiator, the curing agent, and the catalyst may be used alone, or a plurality of polymerization initiators, curing agents, and catalysts may be used simultaneously.
- acidic catalysts include aqueous hydrochloric acid, formic acid, acetic acid and the like.
- thermal polymerization initiator include peroxides and azo compounds.
- the photopolymerization initiator include alkylphenone compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, acylphosphine oxide compounds, amine compounds, and the like.
- an alkylphenone compound is preferable from the viewpoint of curability.
- the alkylphenone compounds include 1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, 2-methyl-1- (4-methylthiophenyl)- 2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-phenyl) -1-butane, 2- (dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methylphenyl) methyl]- 1- (4-phenyl) -1-butane, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpholinophenyl) -1-butane, 2- (dimethylamino) -2-[(4-methylphenyl ) Methyl] -1- [4- (4-morpholinyl) phenyl] -1-butane, 1-cyclohexyl-phenone
- a leveling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, etc. may be added to the coating composition A and the coating composition B used for forming the surface layer as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the surface layer can contain a leveling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, and the like.
- the leveling agent include acrylic copolymers, silicone-based and fluorine-based leveling agents.
- Specific examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, oxalic acid anilide-based, triazine-based and hindered amine-based ultraviolet absorbers.
- the antistatic agent include metal salts such as lithium salt, sodium salt, potassium salt, rubidium salt, cesium salt, magnesium salt and calcium salt.
- the production method of the laminated film of the present invention uses a production method in which at least the coating composition A and the coating composition B are formed by applying, drying and curing on the supporting substrate sequentially or simultaneously. More preferred.
- “sequentially apply” is intended to form a surface layer by applying-drying-curing one type of coating composition and then applying-drying-curing a different type of coating composition. is doing.
- the magnitude and gradient of the elastic modulus between the surface side and the base material side of the surface layer, and the magnitude of the elastic modulus between the base material and the surface layer can be controlled.
- the form of the elastic modulus distribution in the surface layer can be controlled stepwise or continuously.
- Another manufacturing method is a method in which two or more kinds of coating compositions are formed by simultaneously applying, drying and curing on a supporting substrate. There are no particular restrictions as long as the number of types of coating compositions is two or more.
- “co-apply” is intended to dry and cure after applying two or more types of liquid films on a supporting substrate in the coating step.
- the coating method is a dip coating method, a roller coating method, a wire bar coating method, a gravure coating method or a die coating method (US Pat. No. 2,681,294) when the aforementioned coating composition is sequentially applied. It is preferable to form a surface layer by applying it to a supporting base material, etc.
- the coating method is a dip coating method, a roller coating method, a wire bar coating method, a gravure coating method or a die coating method (US Pat. No. 2,681,294) when the aforementioned coating composition is sequentially applied. It is preferable to form a surface layer by applying it to a supporting base material, etc.
- FIG. 3 shows a coating composition for laminating liquid films in order before application “Multi-layer slide die coat” to be applied (FIG. 3)
- a single layer of liquid film formed on the support substrate and then undried Any of “wet-on-wet coat”
- the liquid film applied on the support substrate or the like is dried.
- the drying process preferably involves heating the liquid film.
- drying methods include heat transfer drying (adherence to high-temperature objects), convection heat transfer (hot air), radiant heat transfer (infrared rays), and others (microwave, induction heating).
- heat transfer drying adherence to high-temperature objects
- convection heat transfer hot air
- radiant heat transfer infrared rays
- microwave, induction heating microwave, induction heating
- a further curing operation by irradiating heat or energy rays may be performed.
- the temperature is preferably from room temperature to 200 ° C., and from the viewpoint of the activation energy of the curing reaction, 80 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. The following is more preferable, and it is more preferably 100 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower.
- the oxygen concentration is preferably as low as possible because oxygen inhibition can be prevented, and curing in a nitrogen atmosphere (nitrogen purge) is more preferable.
- nitrogen purge nitrogen purge
- the oxygen concentration is high, the hardening of the outermost surface is hindered, the hardening of the surface becomes insufficient, and the fingerprint resistance may be insufficient.
- Examples of the ultraviolet lamp used when irradiating ultraviolet rays include a discharge lamp method, a flash method, a laser method, and an electrodeless lamp method.
- the illuminance of UV is 100 to 3,000 mW / cm 2 , preferably 200 to 2,000 mW / cm 2 , more preferably 300 to 1,500 mW / cm 2. It is preferable to perform ultraviolet irradiation under the following conditions, and the cumulative amount of ultraviolet light is 100 to 3,000 mJ / cm 2 , preferably 200 to 2,000 mJ / cm 2 , more preferably 300 to 1,500 mJ / cm 2.
- the illuminance of ultraviolet rays is the irradiation intensity received per unit area, and varies depending on the lamp output, the emission spectrum efficiency, the diameter of the light emitting bulb, the design of the reflecting mirror, and the light source distance to the irradiated object.
- the illuminance does not change depending on the conveyance speed.
- the UV integrated light amount is irradiation energy received per unit area, and is the total amount of photons reaching the surface.
- the integrated light quantity is inversely proportional to the irradiation speed passing under the light source, and is proportional to the number of irradiations and the number of lamps.
- the laminated film of the present invention is excellent in scratch resistance, it can be widely used for, for example, electrical appliances, automobile interior members, building members and the like.
- glasses, sunglasses, cosmetic boxes, plastic molded products such as food containers, smartphone housings, touch panels, keyboards, home appliances such as TVs and air conditioners, buildings, dashboards, car navigation systems, touch panels, rooms It can be suitably used for vehicle interior parts such as mirrors, and the surfaces of various printed materials.
- ⁇ Fluorine compound D> [Fluorine compound D1 methyl ethyl ketone / methyl isobutyl ketone solution]
- fluorine compound D1 an acrylate compound containing a fluoropolyether moiety (“Megafac” (registered trademark) RS-75 manufactured by DIC Corporation, methyl ethyl ketone / methyl isobutyl ketone solution having a solid content concentration of 40 mass%) was used.
- Polydimethylsiloxane compound (b) EBECRYL350 (bifunctional, silicone acrylate) manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd. was used as the polydimethylsiloxane compound (b).
- Toluene solution of urethane acrylate 2 100 parts by mass of toluene, 50 parts by mass of methyl-2,6-diisocyanate hexanoate, and 119 parts by mass of polycarbonate diol (Placcel CD-210HL manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were mixed, heated to 40 ° C. and heated to 8 Held for hours. Then, 28 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 5 parts by mass of dipentaerystol hexaacrylate and 0.02 parts by mass of hydroquinone monomethyl ether were added and held at 70 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then 0.02 part by mass of dibutyltin laurate was added. In addition, it was kept at 80 ° C. for 6 hours. Finally, 97 parts by mass of toluene was added to obtain a toluene solution of urethane acrylate 2 having a solid content concentration of 50% by mass.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- acrylic polyol 1 As the acrylic polyol 1, an acrylic polyol containing a hydroxyl group (“Takelac” (registered trademark) UA-702, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., solid content concentration 50 mass%, hydroxyl value: 50 mgKOH / g) was used.
- Takelac registered trademark
- UA-702 solid content concentration 50 mass%, hydroxyl value: 50 mgKOH / g
- acrylic polyol 2 As the acrylic polyol 2, an acrylic polyol containing a hydroxyl group (“Acridic” (registered trademark) A-823 manufactured by DIC Corporation, solid content concentration: 50 mass%, hydroxyl value: 30 mgKOH / g) was used.
- Tolylene diisocyanate (“Coronate” (registered trademark) Coronate L Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 75 mass%, NCO content: 13.5 mass%) was used as the isocyanate compound.
- Multifunctional acrylate 1 As the polyfunctional acrylate monomer 1, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate (“KAYARAD” DPHA manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 100 mass%) was used.
- KAYARAD dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate
- Multifunctional acrylate 2 As the polyfunctional acrylate 2, a urethane acrylate oligomer (“SHIKOH” (registered trademark) UV-3310B manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 100 mass%) was used.
- SHIKOH registered trademark
- UV-3310B manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 100 mass%
- Polyfunctional acrylate 3 As the polyfunctional acrylate 3, a urethane acrylate oligomer (“SHIKOH” (registered trademark) UV-1700B manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 100 mass%) was used.
- Polyfunctional acrylate 4 As the polyfunctional acrylate 4, a urethane acrylate oligomer (“SHIKOH” (registered trademark) UV-2750B manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid content concentration: 100 mass%) was used.
- Coating composition A1 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition A1 having a solid concentration of 40% by mass.
- Coating composition A2 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition A2 having a solid concentration of 40% by mass.
- Coating composition A3 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition A3 having a solid concentration of 40% by mass.
- -Fluorine compound D1 solid content concentration 40 mass%-methyl ethyl ketone / methylisobutylketone solution 3.8 mass parts-Solid content concentration of urethane acrylate 2-50 mass%-Toluene solution 75 mass parts-Solid content concentration of urethane acrylate 3 50 mass% % -Toluene solution 25 parts by mass, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 10 parts by mass, photoradical polymerization initiator 1.5 parts by mass (“Irgacure” (registered trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Coating composition A4 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition A4 having a solid concentration of 40% by mass.
- -Polyfunctional acrylate 1 100 mass parts
- Photoradical polymerization initiator 0.75 mass part (“Irgacure” (trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Coating composition B1 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B1 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- -Acrylic polyol 1 100 parts by mass-Isocyanate compound 18.8 parts by mass-Polyfunctional acrylate 2 22.9 parts by mass-Acrylic polymer 1 13 parts by mass-Photo radical polymerization initiator 0.69 parts by mass ("IRGACURE” (registered trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Coating composition B2 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B2 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- -Acrylic polyol 1 100 mass parts-Isocyanate compound 18.8 mass parts-Acrylic polymer 1 9.6 mass parts.
- Coating composition B3 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B3 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- -Acrylic polyol 2 100 mass parts-Isocyanate compound 11.8 mass parts-Acrylic polymer 1 8.8 mass parts.
- Coating composition B4 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B4 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- -Acrylic polyol 1 100 parts by mass-Isocyanate compound 18.8 parts by mass-Polyfunctional acrylate 3 12 parts by mass-Acrylic polymer 1 11.4 parts by mass-Photo radical polymerization initiator 0.36 parts by mass (“IRGACURE” (registered trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Coating composition B5 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B5 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- Polyfunctional acrylate 4 100 parts by mass Acrylic polymer 1 15 parts by mass Photoradical polymerization initiator 3 parts by mass (“Irgacure” (registered trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Coating composition B6 The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition B6 having a solid content concentration of 20% by mass.
- -Acrylic polyol 1 100 parts by mass-Isocyanate compound 18.8 parts by mass-Polyfunctional acrylate 3 3.6 parts by mass-Acrylic polymer 1 10.1 parts by mass-Photoradical polymerization initiator 0.11 parts by mass ("Irgacure” ( Registered trademark) 184 BASF Japan Ltd.).
- Method 1 for producing laminated film As a supporting substrate (layer to be the C layer), “Lumirror” (registered trademark) U48 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m in which an easy-adhesive coating material was applied on a PET resin film was used.
- the coating composition B is applied onto the support substrate by using a continuous coating apparatus using a slot die coater, adjusting the discharge flow rate from the slot so that the thickness of the surface layer after drying becomes a specified film thickness, and then applying Under these conditions, a drying step and a curing step were performed to form a B layer on the support substrate.
- the coating composition A was applied onto the B layer obtained above by adjusting the discharge flow rate from the slot so that the thickness of the surface layer after drying became a specified film thickness, Subsequently, a drying process and a curing process were performed under the following conditions to obtain a laminated film.
- "Drying process” Air temperature and humidity: Temperature: 80 ° C Wind speed: coating surface side: 5 m / sec, anti-coating surface side: 5 m / sec Wind direction: coating surface side: parallel to substrate surface, anti-coating surface side: vertical residence time to substrate surface: 2 "Curing process” for minutes Integrated light quantity: 120 mJ / cm 2 Oxygen concentration: 200 ppm (volume ratio) or less.
- Method 2 for creating laminated film As a supporting substrate (layer to be the C layer), “Lumirror” (registered trademark) U48 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m in which an easy-adhesive coating material was applied on a PET resin film was used.
- the coating composition B is applied onto the support substrate by using a continuous coating apparatus using a slot die coater, adjusting the discharge flow rate from the slot so that the thickness of the surface layer after drying becomes a specified film thickness, and then applying Under these conditions, a drying step and a curing step were performed to form a B layer on the support substrate.
- Method 3 for creating laminated film As a supporting substrate (layer to be the C layer), “Lumirror” (registered trademark) U48 (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m in which an easy-adhesive coating material was applied on a PET resin film was used.
- the coating composition A is applied onto the supporting substrate by using a continuous coating apparatus using a slot die coater, adjusting the discharge flow rate from the slot so that the thickness of the surface layer after drying becomes a specified film thickness, and then Under these conditions, a drying step and a curing step were performed to form an A layer on the support substrate.
- Table 1 shows the method for producing the laminated film, the coating composition to be used, and the film thickness of each layer corresponding to each of the examples and comparative examples.
- the prepared ultrathin sections were mounted on a 100 mesh Cu grid manufactured by Oken Shoji Co., Ltd., and TEM observation was performed at 100 kV acceleration voltage using a Hitachi transmission electron microscope (TEM) H-7100FA to observe the cross section of the laminated film. The location of the surface layer and the supporting substrate was confirmed.
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- Measuring device Tribo Indenter made by Hystron Working indenter: Diamond Cubecorner indenter (curvature radius 50 nm) Measurement field of view: Approximately 30 mm square Measurement frequency: 10 Hz Measurement atmosphere: ⁇ 20 ° C. to 120 ° C., atmospheric contact load: 0.3 ⁇ N.
- the elastic modulus (E3) at the% position (position 3) was determined. Specifically, the laminated film was cut, and the elastic modulus at each position in the thickness direction in the cross section of the surface layer was measured.
- the obtained laminated film is heated using a vacuum forming machine “FORMECH300X” (manufactured by Seiko Sangyo Co., Ltd.) for 1 minute using a far-infrared heater so that the film surface temperature becomes a predetermined temperature.
- a mold bottom diameter: 50 mm
- vacuum forming was performed to form a laminated film.
- the temperature was set to 180 to 200 ° C., followed by heating for 1 minute.
- the state of being molded along the mold was evaluated according to the following criteria using the degree of molding (drawing ratio: molding height / bottom diameter). Class A: Molding was possible at a drawing ratio of 1.0 or more.
- Class B Although molding was possible at a drawing ratio of 0.6 or more and less than 1.0, molding was impossible at 1.0 or more.
- Class C Although molding was possible at a drawing ratio of 0.3 or more and less than 0.6, molding was impossible at 0.6 or more.
- Class D Only curved surface molding with a drawing ratio of less than 0.3 was possible, and molding was impossible at 0.3 or more.
- E grade Even if it was bent slightly, the film was broken or cracked.
- the laminated film according to the present invention imparts a function having both scratch resistance, in particular, repeated scratch resistance and moldability, to the surfaces of plastic molded products, home appliances, buildings, vehicle interiors, and various printed materials. Can be used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)支持基材の少なくとも一方の面に、A層とB層とを含む表面層を有する積層フィルムであって、支持基材側からB層、A層がこの順で接しており、A層、B層、支持基材の微小硬度計により測定された25℃の貯蔵弾性率(以下、EA25、EB25、EC25)、120℃の貯蔵弾性率(以下、EA120、EB120、EC120)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする積層フィルム。
条件1 EA25<EB25≦EC25
条件2 EB120≦EA120<EC120
条件3 EA25≦100MPa
(2)前記A層、B層、支持基材が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする(1)に記載の積層フィルム。
条件4 0<EC25-EB25<5GPa
条件5 0<EA120-EB120<50MPa
(3)前記B層のガラス転移温度(以下、TgB)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする(1)または(2)に記載の積層フィルム。
条件6 60℃≦TgB≦130℃
(4)前記B層の厚み(以下、TB)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする(1)から(3)のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
条件7 0.1μm≦TB≦5μm
(5)前記表面層の基材に垂直な断面において、表面層の表面から、表面層厚みの10%の位置(以降、位置1とする)、50%(以降、位置2とする)、99%(以降、位置3とする)の各位置における、原子間力顕微鏡による弾性率E1、E2、E3が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
条件8 E1≦E2<E3
条件9 E1≦100MPa
条件10 E3≧1GPa
(6)前記(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムの製造方法であって、前記表面層が、2種類以上の塗料組成物を支持基材上に逐次に塗布、乾燥、硬化することにより形成されることを特徴とする積層フィルムの製造方法。
(7)前記(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムの製造方法であって、前記表面層が、2種類以上の塗料組成物を支持基材上に同時に塗布し、乾燥、硬化することにより形成されることを特徴とする積層フィルムの製造方法。
本発明によれば耐擦傷性、特に反復擦過耐性と成型性とを両立した積層フィルムを提供できる。
条件1 EA25 <EB25 ≦EC25
条件2 EB120≦EA120<EC120
条件3 EA25 ≦100MPa。
条件4 0<EC25-EB25<5GPa
条件5 0<EA120-EB120<50MPa。
条件6 60℃≦TgB≦130℃
ここで、条件6は、表面層のなかで支持基材に接する層(B層)のガラス転移温度の好ましい範囲を示しており、より好ましくは、60℃≦TgB≦100℃である。
条件7 0.1μm ≦TB≦ 5μm。
条件8 E1≦E2<E3
条件9 E1≦100MPa
条件10 E3≧1GPa
条件8は、表面層の厚み方向において表面側から基材側に向かって弾性率が高くなることが好ましいことを意図しており、E1≦E2<E3であることが好ましく、E1<E2<E3であることがより好ましい。
測定装置:Hysitron社製Tribo Indenter
使用圧子:ダイヤモンド製Cubecorner圧子(曲率半径50nm)
測定視野:約30mm角
測定周波数:200Hz
測定雰囲気:室温・大気中
接触荷重:0.3μN
以下に超微小硬度計による測定原理を説明する。
ことが知られている。
カンチレバー:NANOSENSORS製のカンチレバー「R150-NCL-10(材質Si、ばね定数48N/m、先端の曲率半径150nm)。
本発明の積層フィルムは、前述の物性を示す表面層を有していれば平面状態、または成型された後の3次元形状のいずれであってもよい。ここで本発明における「表面層」は、少なくとも2以上の層から形成されていることが好ましい。
本発明の積層フィルムに用いられる支持基材を構成する材料は、熱可塑性樹脂、熱硬化性樹脂のいずれでもよく、ホモ樹脂であってもよく、共重合または2種類以上のブレンドであってもよい。より好ましくは、支持基材を構成する樹脂は、成型性が良好であるため、熱可塑性樹脂が好ましい。
本発明の積層フィルムは支持基材上に後述する積層フィルムの製造方法を用いて、塗料組成物を塗布、乾燥、硬化することで、前述の物性を達成可能な構造を持つ表面層を形成できる。ここで「塗料組成物」とは、溶媒と溶質からなる液体であり、前述の支持基材上に塗布し、溶媒を乾燥工程で揮発、除去、硬化することにより表面層を形成可能な材料を指す。ここで、塗料組成物の「種類」とは、塗料組成物を構成する溶質の種類が一部でも異なる液体を指す。この溶質は、樹脂もしくは塗布プロセス内でそれらを形成可能な材料(以降これを前駆体と呼ぶ)、粒子、および重合開始剤、硬化剤、触媒、レベリング剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤等の各種添加剤からなる。
塗料組成物Aは、表面層におけるA層を構成するのに適した材料を含む、もしくは形成可能な前駆体を含む液体であり、溶質として次の(1)から(3)のセグメントを含む樹脂もしくは前駆体を含むことが好ましい。
(1)ポリカプロラクトンセグメント、ポリカーボネートセグメントおよびポリアルキレングリコールセグメントからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを含むセグメント
(2)ウレタン結合
(3)フッ素化合物セグメント、ポリシロキサンセグメントおよびポリジメチルシロキサンセグメントからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを含むセグメント。
まず、ポリカプロラクトンセグメントとは化学式1で示されるセグメントを指す。ポリカプロラクトンには、カプロラクトンの繰り返し単位が1(モノマー)、2(ダイマー)、3(トライマー)のようなものや、カプロラクトンの繰り返し単位が35までのオリゴマーも含む。
または化学式3で示されるポリカプロラクトントリオール、
などのポリカプロラクトンポリオールや化学式4で示されるポリカプロラクトン変性ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート
R4は炭素数1~8までのアルキレン基またはシクロアルキレン基を指す。
ポリカーボネートジオール:
本発明において、「ウレタン結合」とは化学式11で示される結合を指す。
本発明の積層フィルムにおいて、表面層、もしくは表面層の表面側を構成する樹脂が、フッ素化合物セグメント、ポリシロキサンセグメントおよびポリジメチルシロキサンセグメントからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一つを含むセグメントを有していることが好ましい。
このフルオロポリエーテルセグメントの鎖長には好ましい範囲があり、炭素数は4以上12以下が好ましく、4以上10以下がより好ましく、6以上8以下が特に好ましい。炭素数が、3以下では表面エネルギーが十分に低下しないため撥油性が低下する場合があり、13以上では溶媒への溶解性が低下するため、表面層の品位が低下する場合がある。
上記フッ素化合物Dの市販されている例としては、RS-75(DIC株式会社)、オプツールDAC-HP(ダイキン工業株式会社)、C10GACRY、C8HGOL(油脂製品株式会社)などを挙げることができ、これらの製品を利用することができる。
塗料組成物Bは支持基材上に塗布、乾燥、硬化することにより、A層よりも表面硬度が高く、材料を形成可能な液体で、B層を形成するのに適した樹脂、または前駆体を含む。
前記塗料組成物A、塗料組成物Bは溶媒を含むことが好ましい。溶媒の種類数としては1種類以上20種類以下が好ましく、より好ましくは1種類以上10種類以下、さらに好ましくは1種類以上6種類以下である。ここで「溶媒」とは、塗布後の乾燥工程にて、ほぼ全量を蒸発させ、塗膜から除去することが可能な、常温、常圧で液体である物質を指す。
前記塗料組成物Aと塗料組成物Bは、重合開始剤や硬化剤や触媒を含むことが好ましい。重合開始剤および触媒は、表面層の硬化を促進するために用いられる。重合開始剤としては、塗料組成物に含まれる成分をアニオン、カチオン、ラジカル重合反応等による重合、縮合または架橋反応を開始あるいは促進できるものが好ましい。
本発明の積層フィルムの製造方法は、少なくとも前述の塗料組成物Aと塗料組成物Bを、逐次または同時に前述の支持基材上に塗布-乾燥-硬化することにより形成する製造方法を用いることがより好ましい。
また、前述の2種類以上の塗料組成物を同時塗布する場合には、塗布前の状態で液膜を順に積層後塗布する「多層スライドダイコート」(図3)や、基材上に塗布と同時に積層する「多層スロットダイコート」(図4)、支持基材上に1層の液膜を形成後、未乾燥の状態でもう1層を積層させる「ウェット-オンーウェットコート」(図5)等のいずれでもよい。
本発明の積層フィルムは、耐擦傷性に優れているため、例えば電化製品や自動車の内装部材、建築部材等に幅広く用いることができる。
[フッ素化合物D1 メチルエチルケトン/メチルイソブチルケトン溶液]
フッ素化合物D1としてフルオロポリエーテル部位を含むアクリレート化合物(“メガファック”(登録商標) RS-75 DIC株式会社製 固形分濃度40質量%のメチルエチルケトン/メチルイソブチルケトン溶液)を使用した。
[ポリシロキサン(a)]
攪拌機、温度計、コンデンサおよび窒素ガス導入管を備えた500ml容量のフラスコにエタノール106質量部、テトラエトキシシラン320質量部、脱イオン水21質量部、および1質量%塩酸1質量部を仕込み、85℃で2時間保持した後、昇温しながらエタノールを回収し、180℃で3時間保持した。その後、冷却し、粘調な(ポリ)シロキサン(a)を得た。
[ポリジメチルシロキサン系ブロック共重合体(a)トルエン溶液]
ポリシロキサン(a)の合成と同様の装置を用い、トルエン50質量部、およびメチルイソブチルケトン50質量部、(ポリ)ジメチルシロキサン系高分子重合開始剤(和光純薬株式会社製 VPS-0501)20質量部、メタクリル酸メチル18質量部、メタクリル酸ブチル38質量部、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート23質量部、メタクリル酸1重量部および1-チオグリセリン0.5質量部を仕込み、180℃で8時間反応させてポリジメチルシロキサン系ブロック共重合体(a)の固形分濃度50質量%のトルエン溶液を得た。
ポリジメチルシロキサン化合物(b)として、ダイセルサイテック株式会社製 EBECRYL350(2官能、シリコーンアクリレート)を用いた。
[ウレタンアクリレート1のトルエン溶液]
トルエン50質量部、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートのイソシアヌレート変性タイプ(三井化学株式会社製 「タケネート」(登録商標)D-170N)50質量部、ポリカプロラクトン変性ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(ダイセル化学工業株式会社製 プラクセルFA5)76質量部、ジブチル錫ラウレート0.02質量部、およびハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル0.02質量部を混合し、70℃で5時間保持した。その後、トルエン79質量部を加えて固形分濃度50質量%のウレタンアクリレート1のトルエン溶液を得た。
トルエン100質量部、メチル-2,6-ジイソシアネートヘキサノエート50質量部、及びポリカーボネートジオール(ダイセル化学工業株式会社製 プラクセルCD-210HL)119質量部を混合し、40℃にまで昇温して8時間保持した。それから、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート28質量部、ジペンタエリストールヘキサアクリレート5質量部、ハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル0.02質量部を加えて70℃で30分間保持した後、ジブチル錫ラウレート0.02質量部を加えて80℃で6時間保持した。そして、最後にトルエン97質量部を加えて固形分濃度50質量%のウレタンアクリレート2のトルエン溶液を得た。
ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートのイソシアヌレート変性体(三井化学株式会社製 “タケネート”(登録商標)D-170N、イソシアネート基含有量:20.9質量%)50質量部、ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート(日油株式会社製 “ブレンマー”(登録商標)AE-150(水酸基価:264(mgKOH/g))53質量部、ジブチル錫ラウレート0.02質量部及びハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル0.02質量部を仕込んだ。そして、70℃で5時間保持して反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液にメチルエチルケトン(以下、MEKという)102質量部を加え、固形分濃度50質量%のウレタンアクリレート3のトルエン溶液を得た。
アクリルポリオール1として、水酸基を含有するアクリルポリオール(“タケラック”(登録商標)UA-702 三井化学株式会社製 固形分濃度50質量% 水酸基価:50mgKOH/g)を使用した。
アクリルポリオール2として、水酸基を含有するアクリルポリオール(“アクリディック”(登録商標)A-823 DIC株式会社製 固形分濃度50質量% 水酸基価30mgKOH/g)を使用した。
イソシアネート化合物として、トリレンジジイソシアネート(“コロネート”(登録商標)コロネートL 日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社 固形分濃度75質量% NCO含有量13.5質量%)を使用した。
多官能アクリレートモノマー1として、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート(“KAYARAD”DPHA 日本化薬株式会社製、固形分濃度100質量%)を使用した。
多官能アクリレート2として、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー(“SHIKOH”(登録商標)UV-3310B 日本合成化学工業株式会社製、固形分濃度100質量%)を使用した。
多官能アクリレート3として、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー(“SHIKOH”(登録商標)UV-1700B 日本合成化学工業株式会社製、固形分濃度100質量%)を使用した。
多官能アクリレート4として、ウレタンアクリレートオリゴマー(“SHIKOH”(登録商標)UV-2750B 日本合成化学工業株式会社製、固形分濃度100質量%)を使用した。
ジラウロイルパーオキサイド(パーロイルL 日油株式会社製)24質量部をメチルエチルケトン495質量部に加えて70℃で30分間加温して溶解させ、メタクリル酸50質量部、ブチルアクリレート90質量部、メチルメタクリレート100質量部および4-メチル-2,4-ジフェニルペンテン-1(ノフマーMSD 日油株式会社製)2.4質量部を混合した溶液を4時間かけて滴下して撹拌重合させた。その後、さらに80℃で2時間撹拌を行い、親水性官能基を含有した固形分濃度35質量%のアクリルポリマー1のメチルエチルケトン溶液(重量平均分子量6,000)を得た。
[塗料組成物A1]
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度40質量%の塗料組成物A1を得た。
・フッ素化合物D1の固形分濃度40質量%-メチルエチルケトン/メチルイソブチルケトン溶液 3.8質量部
・ウレタンアクリレート1の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 50質量部
・ウレタンアクリレート3の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 50質量部
・エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル 10質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 1.5質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度40質量%の塗料組成物A2を得た。
・ウレタンアクリレート1の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 25質量部
・ウレタンアクリレート3の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 75質量部
・エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル 10質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 1.5質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度40質量%の塗料組成物A3を得た。
・フッ素化合物D1の固形分濃度40質量%-メチルエチルケトン/メチルイソブチルケトン溶液 3.8質量部
・ウレタンアクリレート2の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 75質量部
・ウレタンアクリレート3の固形分濃度50質量%-トルエン溶液 25質量部
・エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル 10質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 1.5質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度40質量%の塗料組成物A4を得た。
・多官能アクリレート1 100質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 0.75質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B1を得た。
・アクリルポリオール1 100質量部
・イソシアネート化合物 18.8質量部
・多官能アクリレート2 22.9質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 13質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 0.69質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B2を得た。
・アクリルポリオール1 100質量部
・イソシアネート化合物 18.8質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 9.6質量部。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B3を得た。
・アクリルポリオール2 100質量部
・イソシアネート化合物 11.8質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 8.8質量部。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B4を得た。
・アクリルポリオール1 100質量部
・イソシアネート化合物 18.8質量部
・多官能アクリレート3 12質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 11.4質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 0.36質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B5を得た。
・多官能アクリレート4 100質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 15質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 3質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度20質量%の塗料組成物B6を得た。
・アクリルポリオール1 100質量部
・イソシアネート化合物 18.8質量部
・多官能アクリレート3 3.6質量部
・アクリルポリマー1 10.1質量部
・光ラジカル重合開始剤 0.11質量部
(“イルガキュア”(登録商標)184 BASFジャパン株式会社)。
[積層フィルムの作成方法1]
支持基材(C層となる層)としてPET樹脂フィルム上に易接着性塗料が塗布されている厚み100μmの“ルミラー”(登録商標)U48(東レ株式会社製)を用いた。支持基材上に塗料組成物Bをスロットダイコーターによる連続塗布装置を用い、乾燥後の表面層の厚みが指定の膜厚になるようにスロットからの吐出流量を調整して塗布し、次いで下記の条件で乾燥工程、硬化工程を行い、支持基材上にB層を形成した。
「乾燥工程」
送風温湿度 : 温度:80℃
風速 : 塗布面側:5m/秒、反塗布面側:5m/秒
風向 : 塗布面側:基材の面に対して平行、反塗布面側:基材の面に対して垂直
滞留時間 : 2分間
「硬化工程」
積算光量 : 120mJ/cm2
酸素濃度 : 大気雰囲気。
「乾燥工程」
送風温湿度 : 温度:80℃
風速 : 塗布面側:5m/秒、反塗布面側:5m/秒
風向 : 塗布面側:基材の面に対して平行、反塗布面側:基材の面に対して垂直
滞留時間 : 2分間
「硬化工程」
積算光量 : 120mJ/cm2
酸素濃度 : 200ppm(体積比率)以下。
支持基材(C層となる層)としてPET樹脂フィルム上に易接着性塗料が塗布されている厚み100μmの“ルミラー”(登録商標)U48(東レ株式会社製)を用いた。支持基材上に塗料組成物Bをスロットダイコーターによる連続塗布装置を用い、乾燥後の表面層の厚みが指定の膜厚になるようにスロットからの吐出流量を調整して塗布し、次いで下記の条件で乾燥工程、硬化工程を行い、支持基材上にB層を形成した。
「乾燥工程」
送風温湿度 : 温度:80℃
風速 : 塗布面側:5m/秒、反塗布面側:5m/秒
風向 : 塗布面側:基材の面に対して平行、反塗布面側:基材の面に対して垂直
滞留時間 : 2分間
さらに、同装置を用い、上記で得られたB層上に塗料組成物Aを、乾燥後の表面層の厚みが指定の膜厚になるようにスロットからの吐出流量を調整して塗布し、次いで下記の条件で乾燥工程、硬化工程を行い、積層フィルムを得た。
「乾燥工程」
送風温湿度 : 温度:80℃
風速 : 塗布面側:5m/秒、反塗布面側:5m/秒
風向 : 塗布面側:基材の面に対して平行、反塗布面側:基材の面に対して垂直
滞留時間 : 2分間
「硬化工程」
積算光量 : 120mJ/cm2
酸素濃度 : 200ppm(体積比率)以下。
支持基材(C層となる層)としてPET樹脂フィルム上に易接着性塗料が塗布されている厚み100μmの“ルミラー”(登録商標)U48(東レ株式会社製)を用いた。支持基材上に塗料組成物Aをスロットダイコーターによる連続塗布装置を用い、乾燥後の表面層の厚みが指定の膜厚になるようにスロットからの吐出流量を調整して塗布し、次いで下記の条件で乾燥工程、硬化工程を行い、支持基材上にA層を形成した。
「乾燥工程」
送風温湿度 : 温度:80℃
風速 : 塗布面側:5m/秒、反塗布面側:5m/秒
風向 : 塗布面側:基材の面に対して平行、反塗布面側:基材の面に対して垂直
滞留時間 : 2分間
「硬化工程」
積算光量 : 120mJ/cm2
酸素濃度 : 200ppm(体積比率)以下。
作成した積層フィルムについて、次に示す性能評価を実施し、得られた結果を表2に示す。特に断らない場合を除き、測定は各実施例・比較例において1つのサンプルについて場所を変えて3回測定を行い、その平均値を用いた。
A.積層フィルム断面の確認
積層フィルムをカッターで切り出し、電顕用エポキシ樹脂(日新EM社製Quetol812)で包埋し、60℃のオーブン中で48時間かけて該エポキシ樹脂を硬化させた後、ウルトラミクロトーム(ライカ社製Ultracut S)で厚さ約100nmの超薄切片を作製した。
上記、超薄切片をサンプルとし、超微小硬度計(Hysitron社製Tribo Indenter)を用いて、表面層と支持基材のモジュラスマッピング像を取得し、貯蔵弾性率、損失弾性率を算出し、貯蔵弾性率と損失弾性率の比から損失正接(tanδ)を求め、得られた損失正接(tanδ)のピーク値の温度を、ガラス転移温度(Tg)とした。
測定条件は下記に示す。
測定装置: Hysitron社製Tribo Indenter
使用圧子: ダイヤモンド製Cubecorner圧子(曲率半径50nm)
測定視野: 約30mm角
測定周波数:10Hz
測定雰囲気:-20℃~120℃・大気中
接触荷重: 0.3μN。
実施例1~13、比較例1~2の積層フィルムを凍結ミクロトーム法により断面を切り出し、当該断面を測定面として専用のサンプル固定台に固定し、アサイラムテクノロジー製の原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)「MFP-3DSA-J」とNANOSENSORS製のカンチレバー「R150-NCL-10(材質Si、ばね定数48N/m、先端の曲率半径150nm)」を用い、表面層の厚み方向に垂直にContactモードでフォースカーブ (カンチレバーの移動速度2μm/s、最大押し込み荷重2μN)を測定した。
積層フィルムを長手方向および幅方向に長さ150mm×幅10mmの短形に切り出し、サンプルとした。引張試験機(オリエンテック製テンシロンUCT-100)を用いて、初期引張チャック間距離50mmとし、引張速度を10mm/分として引張試験を行った。この時の測定雰囲気は23℃・65RH%である。伸張する際に、伸張中のサンプルを観察しておき、サンプルのいずれかの箇所に目視でクラック(亀裂)が生じたら停止する(停止するときの伸度は5の整数となるように調整する)。次から測定するサンプルは、停止時の伸度より、5%単位で伸張伸度を低くしていったサンプルを順次採取し、最終的にサンプルのいずれかの箇所に目視にてクラックが入らなくなる伸度まで行った。
得られた積層フィルムを、真空成型機「FORMECH300X」(成光産業株式会社製)を用いて、遠赤外線ヒーターを用いて、フィルム表面温度が所定の温度になるように1分間加熱し円柱状の金型(底面直径50mm)を用いて真空成型を行い積層フィルムを成型した。また、その後、硬化を完全に終わらせるために、温度を180~200℃にして引き続き1分間加熱を行った。金型に沿って成型できた状態を成型度合い(絞り比:成型高さ/底面直径)を用いて以下の基準で評価した。
A級:絞り比1.0以上で成型できた。
B級:絞り比0.6以上、1.0未満で成型できたが、1.0以上では成型できなかった。
C級:絞り比0.3以上、0.6未満で成型できたが、0.6以上では成型できなかった。
D級:絞り比0.3未満の曲面成型のみ可能であり、0.3以上では成型できなかった。
E級:わずかに折り曲げるだけでも、フィルム破れ・クラックが発生した。
積層フィルムを温度20℃で12時間放置した後、同環境にて本光製作所製消しゴム摩耗試験機の先端(先端部面積1cm2)に、白ネル生地〔600番 興和(株)製〕を取り付け、500gの荷重をかけて積層フィルム上を5cm、5,000回往復、及び1,000g荷重をかけて、積層フィルム上を5cm、200回往復摩擦し、下記のクラス分けを行った。なお、同一の水準の異なる箇所から切り出した3サンプルで測定を行い、以下のクラス分けを行った。クラス分けを行った3サンプルの値の平均値を採用した。
10点: 傷なし
7点: 1~10本の傷
4点: 11~20本の傷
1点: 試験部分の表面層が全面剥離。
温度20℃で12時間放置した後、同環境にて表面層表面を、真鍮ブラシ(TRUSCO製)に下記の荷重をかけて、水平に5回引っ掻いたのち、5分間放置後の傷の回復状態を、下記の基準に則り目視で判定を行った。なお、同一の水準の異なる箇所から切り出した3サンプルで測定を行い、それらの平均値を採用した。
10点: 荷重1kgで傷が残らない
7点: 荷重1kgでは傷が残るが、700gでは傷が残らない
4点: 荷重700gでは傷が残るが、500gでは傷が残らない
1点: 荷重500gで傷が残る。
2 支持基材に接している層(B層)
3 支持基材(C層)
4 A層とB層を含む表面層
5 表面層の表面から、表面層厚みの10%の位置(位置1)
6 表面層の表面から、表面層厚みの50%の位置(位置2)
7 表面層の表面から、表面層厚みの99%の位置(位置3)
8 多層スライドダイ
9 多層スロットダイ
10 単層スロットダイ
Claims (7)
- 支持基材の少なくとも一方の面に、A層とB層とを含む表面層を有する積層フィルムであって、支持基材側からB層、A層がこの順で接しており、A層、B層、支持基材の微小硬度計により測定された25℃の貯蔵弾性率(以下、EA25、EB25、EC25)、120℃の貯蔵弾性率(以下、EA120、EB120、EC120)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする積層フィルム。
条件1 EA25<EB25≦EC25
条件2 EB120≦EA120<EC120
条件3 EA25≦100MPa - 前記A層、B層、支持基材が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の積層フィルム。
条件4 0<EC25-EB25<5GPa
条件5 0<EA120-EB120<50MPa - 前記B層のガラス転移温度(以下、TgB)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の積層フィルム。
条件6 60℃≦TgB≦130℃ - 前記B層の厚み(以下、TB)が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
条件7 0.1μm≦TB≦5μm - 前記表面層の基材に垂直な断面において、表面層の表面から、表面層厚みの10%の位置(以降、位置1とする)、50%(以降、位置2とする)、99%(以降、位置3とする)の各位置における、原子間力顕微鏡による弾性率E1、E2、E3が、以下の条件を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の積層フィルム。
条件8 E1≦E2<E3
条件9 E1≦100MPa
条件10 E3≧1GPa - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムの製造方法であって、前記表面層が、2種類以上の塗料組成物を支持基材上に逐次に塗布、乾燥、硬化することにより形成されることを特徴とする積層フィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1から請求項5のいずれかに記載の積層フィルムの製造方法であって、前記表面層が、2種類以上の塗料組成物を支持基材上に同時に塗布し、乾燥、硬化することにより形成されることを特徴とする積層フィルムの製造方法。
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| CN201580018002.6A CN106132689B (zh) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-04-06 | 叠层膜及叠层膜的制造方法 |
| JP2015520443A JP6528681B2 (ja) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-04-06 | 積層フィルム、および積層フィルムの製造方法 |
| KR1020167024876A KR102242709B1 (ko) | 2014-04-15 | 2015-04-06 | 적층 필름 및 적층 필름의 제조 방법 |
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| JP2017185482A (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-12 | 東レ株式会社 | 積層体の製造方法 |
| JP2020157563A (ja) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-01 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 加飾シートおよび加飾樹脂成形品 |
| JP2020173282A (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-22 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 光学性積層体の製造方法 |
| WO2021205682A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-14 | 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 | 活性エネルギー線硬化性ハードコート剤、積層フィルム、透明導電フィルム、光学部材および電子機器 |
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| CN108680417B (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-08-06 | 吴礼高 | 一种易洗脱生物组织包埋剂的制备方法 |
| WO2021225193A1 (ko) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-11 | 청명첨단소재 주식회사 | 탄성계수의 차이를 이용하여 내긁힘성을 향상시킨 디스플레이 커버 윈도우용 적층 구조체 및 이의 제조방법 |
| WO2023149169A1 (ja) * | 2022-02-07 | 2023-08-10 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光学積層体 |
| CN119968272A (zh) | 2022-09-27 | 2025-05-09 | 爱思开迈克沃有限公司 | 多层膜以及包括该多层膜的保护膜 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106132689B (zh) | 2018-01-23 |
| TWI663061B (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
| JP6528681B2 (ja) | 2019-06-12 |
| JPWO2015159748A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
| KR102242709B1 (ko) | 2021-04-22 |
| TW201544328A (zh) | 2015-12-01 |
| KR20160145546A (ko) | 2016-12-20 |
| CN106132689A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
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