WO2015150443A1 - Filter for the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, and filter insert for the filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a filter (1) for the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, wherein the filter (1) can be mounted on a connection flange (60) of the internal combustion engine and has a cup-shaped screw-on housing (3) and a filter insert (4) which is exchangeably arranged in the screw-on housing (3) and which separates an untreated oil side (11) from a clean oil side (12) of the filter (1), wherein the filter (1) has at least one eccentric inlet opening (20) and a central outlet opening (21), and wherein the filter (1) has a seal (31) arranged radially to the outside of the at least one eccentric inlet opening (20), by means of which seal the filter (1) can be sealed against the connection flange (60). The filter according to the invention is characterized in that the screw-on housing (3), in the connection flange-side face end region thereof, has, in the circumferential wall (30) thereof, a narrowing (32) of the inner diameter, in that, on the radially inner side of the narrowing (32), the screw thread is formed as an internal thread (33), in that an axially outwardly pointing side, situated in the screw-on housing (3), of the narrowing (32) forms an axial support surface (35) for the seal (31), in that the internal thread (33) of the screw-on housing (3) or a counterpart thread (23, 64') has, for this purpose, as viewed over the circumference thereof, at least two mutually spaced-apart thread interruptions (34), and in that the filter insert (4) has an arrangement of legs (44) corresponding in terms of position and number to the thread interruptions (34), which legs, as radial positioning means for the filter insert (4) in the screw-on housing (3), extend axially from the filter insert (4) into or through the thread interruptions (34). The invention also relates to a filter insert (4) which interacts with a filter (1) of the above-stated type.

Description

 Description:

Filter for the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine and filter insert for the filter

The invention relates to a filter for the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, wherein the filter is attachable to a connecting flange of the internal combustion engine and a cup-shaped screw housing and a screw housing arranged interchangeable, a crude oil side of a clean oil side of the filter separating filter insert, wherein the filter at least one decentralized inlet opening and a central outlet opening, and wherein the filter has a seal arranged radially outside the at least one decentralized inlet opening, by means of which the filter is sealable against the connection flange. Moreover, the invention relates to a filter cartridge for the filter.

A filter of the type specified above is known from US 5 548 893 A. This filter is used to replace conventional cartridges, which can only be completely replaced. For this purpose, a bottom plate is fastened by means of a central nut with the interposition of a sealing ring on the connecting flange of the internal combustion engine. With the bottom plate then containing a replaceable filter insert screw housing is releasably screwed. In this filter, therefore, advantageously, the filter insert can be replaced alone, which reduces waste and environmental pollution.

As unfavorable is considered in this prior art filter but that he needs two sealing rings, namely a first between the bottom plate and the flange to the engine and a second between the

Screw housing and the bottom plate. This results in correspondingly high production and assembly costs.

Furthermore, the housing of this prior art filter seen in its axial direction over its full length has a constant inner diameter. In order to radially outside of the filter element in the housing, a sufficiently large flow path for the inflowing oil to be filtered is kept free, the filter material body of the filter cartridge has an outer diameter which is significantly smaller than the outer diameter of the filter cloth body frontally enclosing end plates and the inner diameter of the housing. This leads adversely to the fact that the filter surface of the filter with respect to the filter surface of a Anschraubwechselpatrone smaller than each other with identical outer dimensions of the housing. To compensate for one could run the housing of the filter correspondingly larger in order to accommodate a larger filter element can, but this way out in practice often excreted, because a given, cramped installation situation on the associated internal combustion engine does not allow a housing enlargement.

For the present invention, the task is to provide a filter of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and in particular requires only a single seal and which offers a large filter area given spatial installation conditions, ensures reliable operation and a easy maintenance of the filter with filter cartridge replacement allowed. In addition, a suitable for the filter filter insert to be specified.

The solution of the first, the part of the task relating to the filter succeeds according to the invention with a filter of the type mentioned above, which is characterized in that the screw housing in its connection flange side Stirnendbereich in its peripheral wall has a constriction of the inner diameter that on the radially inner side of the constriction the screw thread is formed as an internal thread, that a lying in the screw housing, axially outwardly facing side of the constriction forms an axial support surface for the seal, that the internal thread of the screw or a mating thread seen over its circumference at least two spaced apart thread breaks and that Filter insert one of the location and number of thread breaks corresponding arrangement of axially extending from the filter insert in or through the thread breaks legs as Radialpositioniermittel for the filter insert in Schraubgeh use has. The filter according to the invention advantageously requires only a single seal for its sealing against the connecting flange of the internal combustion engine, which simplifies the manufacture and installation of the filter. With the filter according to the invention is also advantageously achieved that at a given installation dimensions in the engine compartment of the associated internal combustion engine, a large filter surface can be accommodated in the interior of the screw, which is at least as large as the filter surface of the same size Anschraubwechselpatrone. The filter cloth body and the end disks of the filter insert can have substantially the same outer diameter with one another, which expediently corresponds to the inner diameter of the inner thread of the screw housing minus a necessary play of movement. The filter cartridge can then just be inserted through the constriction of the screw through this. The necessary flow space at the periphery of the filter material body is here by the axially inside of the constriction of the screw housing present larger inner diameter of the

Screw housing provided. At the same time a sufficient space for the accommodation and arrangement of the necessary seal is provided so axially outside of the constriction of the screw. By provided on the filter insert legs and these receiving, extending in the axial direction thread breaks the filter insert is reliably centered in the screw and secured in its centered position and against rotation about its longitudinal central axis, so that he no unwanted and permanently leading to damage radial during operation of the filter Motion play and rotational play has, which contributes significantly to a trouble-free continuous operation of the filter. To maintain the filter with a filter cartridge replacement, it is sufficient to unscrew the screw housing from the rest of the filter and screw back after replacing the filter insert. The gasket can also be renewed quickly and easily.

For the purpose of simple manufacture and assembly, the legs are preferably made in one piece with a connecting flange-side front disk of the filter insert or connected fixedly or detachably.

Further, the invention provides that the legs each have at least one bead or nubs or a curvature in its course, the / in filter incorporated in the filter an axial positioning for the filter insert relative to the other filter and a locking or clamping connection means between Screw housing and filter insert forms. With little effort, the filter insert is thus positioned and fixed in the filter in the axial direction as well as in the radial direction. Dimensional tolerances, in particular changes in length, of the filter insert occurring due to production scattering and / or changing operating states are then compensated at the free side of the filter insert removed from the legs of the filter insert, where the filter insert in the screw housing has sufficient freedom of movement in the axial direction.

Next, the invention proposes that the legs have a radially outward jumping step in their course. This step bridges a radial distance between the end disk of the filter cartridge and the inner circumference of the constriction of the screw housing and can be used as a stop when assembling the filter.

To avoid leakage of oil into the environment in the region of the flange connection between the filter and the internal combustion engine, the above-mentioned seal is provided between them. So that the seal can be renewed with no additional workload with each filter element replacement, the invention proposes that with an axially outer end of the legs, a circumferential seal carrier is made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected.

In order for the seal to be able to forcibly assume its desired sealing position when mounting the filter on the connecting flange, the seal carrier expediently has on its outer circumference a cylindrical surface on which a sealing ring is arranged to float as a seal.

In this case, the seal may be, for example, a rectangular cross-section elastomer ring, which is particularly inexpensive to manufacture and easy to install.

In a further development of the invention, the filter has a screwed to the screw base plate in which the central outlet opening is formed, wherein the outlet opening has an internal thread by means of which the filter on a part of the connecting flange of the internal combustion engine forming threaded connector with external thread can be screwed. In this embodiment, the filter according to the invention is particularly suitable as a replacement for a conventional, only completely replaceable Anschraubwechselpatrone because the filter to a ur- was originally screwed for a screw-on cartridge flange flange, without any changes must be made to the flange, so hereby a favorable Umrüstlösung is created.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided for the filter according to the invention that after an initial installation of the filter on the connecting flange of the internal combustion engine, the screw housing for maintenance purposes with the entrainment of the filter insert and leaving all other parts of the filter from the connection flange can be unscrewed. As a result, a filter element replacement is made possible in the filter maintenance, the pollution of the environment and / or the hands of the maintenance personnel are largely avoided.

For the purpose of a simple and quick attachment of the filter to a connecting flange of an internal combustion engine, the filter is expediently completely pre-assembled, so that it can be supplied as a complete unit to the manufacturer of the internal combustion engine and installed by the latter. In order to ensure a desired position of the base plate and screw housing relative to each other during the pre-assembly, it is provided that the bottom of the legs forms a Einschraubanschlag for the screw connection between the screw housing and base plate with built-in filter filter. The screw housing and the base plate thus take their pre-assembled for the operation of the filter position relative to each other, which simplifies the installation of the pre-assembled filter to the associated internal combustion engine or an associated module and accelerated. Advantageously, the legs of the filter element are used as a stop and special stop means are not required.

In an alternative development of the invention, the filter can be screwed directly by means of the internal thread of the screw housing with a threaded connection formed integrally with the connection flange with a matching external thread. In this embodiment, a specific connection flange is required, which can be provided in the original equipment of internal combustion engines. In this case, the connection flange z. B. part of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine or even part of his turn connectable to the internal combustion engine, in addition to the filter further components bearing or containing module. Good space utilization and easy maintenance are also achieved in this embodiment.

Also in this last-described embodiment of the filter is provided that after a first installation of the filter on the connecting flange of the internal combustion engine, the screw is unscrewable for maintenance purposes with entrainment of the filter cartridge and leaving all other parts of the filter of the connection flange.

In a further embodiment of the filter, it is provided that the filter insert has a central opening in a connecting flange-side end plate, by means of which the filter insert can be plugged sealingly directly onto a central connecting piece of the connecting flange or onto a connecting piece which can be connected to the connecting piece and forms part of the filter. This design allows a particularly simple and fast filter cartridge replacement.

Preferably, a filter bypass valve is integrated in the filter according to the invention. This embodiment of the filter provides a space-saving accommodation of the filter bypass valve and avoids the otherwise necessary space and installation costs for an external filter bypass valve.

In another related embodiment, it is provided that the filter bypass valve consists of an axially fixed annular valve seat and a relative to the valve seat in the axial direction of the filter on the valve seat movably guided, biased in the closing direction annular valve body, wherein a valve body in the closing direction biasing spring between the valve body and one extending from the valve seat towards the interior of the screw housing, axially fixedly connected to the valve seat valve holder is arranged and wherein the filter insert has a in the assembled state of the filter, the spring at its end remote from the valve body directly or indirectly supporting and biasing spring support. In this embodiment of the filter is advantageously achieved that the directly cooperating valve parts can be tested in the manufacture of the filter already tightness, because the valve seat and the valve body of the filter bypass valve are both filter-resistant components and thus already without a built-in filter insert these valve parts in the filter available are. It is also advantageous that the valve seat and the valve body of the Filter bypass valve always remain in the filter when its filter cartridge is changed, thereby excluding untested and possibly leaking valve pairings. Another significant further advantage is that it requires only a small effort to change the opening pressure of the filter bypass valve, namely by simply changing the filter cartridge with respect to the position or length of the spring supporting and biasing spring support. In this way, the spring can be biased by this more or less strong when installing the filter cartridge, which allows easy adjustment of the desired opening pressure of the filter bypass valve, even within an ongoing series production. It is also advantageous that while the filter bypass valve works with only one spring and next to the valve body requires no additional movable actuator body. Apart from the spring support, the filter insert does not need to receive or have any further parts of the filter bypass valve, as a result of which the filter insert as a consumable part remains technically simple and inexpensive. Another advantage is that the filter insert thus contains no metal parts and thus it is completely thermally recyclable after its use, that is, can be completely burned.

When changing the filter insert, it may happen that fall from the dirt-laden filter element during its removal from the filter debris and fall in the worst case in the clean oil outlet of the filter, from where they get at re-commissioning of the engine in the lubricating oil circuit and there to damage being able to lead. In order to eliminate this risk, it is provided according to the invention that the valve holder is designed to be circumferentially closed and has at its end remote from the valve seat at least one clean oil passage to the central outlet opening and that between the spring and the at least one clean oil passage opening arranged by the spring in the closing direction cover body is arranged over which in the assembled state of the filter, the spring support through the at least one clean oil passage through the spring is supported and which closes at least one clean oil passage opening with the screw housing and filter insert. If, with the filter insert removed, the cover body bears against the valve holder end face under the action of the spring of the filter bypass valve, the flow path to the clean oil outlet is closed and no dirt can fall into the clean oil outlet. During operation of the filter with built-in filter insert of the cover body is against the force of the spring of the at least one pure oil through Lassöffnung pushed in the front side of the valve holder and the flow path for filtered oil to pure oil outlet is free.

For example, to obtain a favorable, low-resistance oil flow, the cover body may be dish-shaped with a central hole and closed around it, and the end face of the valve holder may be closed in its central area and formed around it with an annular arrangement of a plurality of clean oil passage openings.

For the purpose of manufacturing technology favorable integration of the spring support in the filter element is proposed that the spring support is integral with a arranged inside the filter insert body or fixed or detachably connected and that the support body is integral with the / a connection flange end plate of the filter insert or fixed or detachably connected or is trapped axially between two end discs of the filter cartridge.

Preferably, the spring support is formed by an arrangement of two or more axial arms on the support body, which extend from the filter insert in the direction of the spring. This contributes both to a simple production and to a space-saving design. In an alternative embodiment, the spring support may also be designed annular.

In the filter described above, when the filter cartridge is installed in the filter, the arms of the spring support must be passed through the clean oil passage (s) in the face of the valve holder. In order for this passage to succeed safely and obstacle-free, the invention proposes that the valve holder has an axially facing the interior of the screw housing first contact projection that one of the arms has an oppositely facing second contact projection and that during screwing of the screw to the base plate or on the connecting flange by means of the contact projections with relative rotation of the filter cartridge and valve holder they are positionally positionable relative to each other in the circumferential direction so that the arms pass through the at least one clean oil passage opening forcibly axially. An obstructive placement of the arms on the front side of the valve holder is thus reliably avoided. Suitably, the spring support is rotatable relative to the rest of the filter cartridge and / or the valve holder relative to the valve seat to allow after entering the arms of the spring support in the clean oil passage (s) further rotation of the screw to screw it.

As described above, the legs of the filter insert pass through thread breaks. In order to avoid an undesirable passage of oil through the threaded breaks next to the legs, it is provided that a return lock ring is tightly mounted or integrally formed on the lower side of the base plate in the radial direction between the outer thread and the at least one decentralized inlet opening, with its remote from the base plate edge extends under the legs to abutment on the inner circumference of the seal and / or axially sealed in the mounted on the flange connection state of the filter with its edge remote from the base plate against the flange.

As stated above, the filter according to the invention can serve as a replacement for a screw-on replacement cartridge and in a preassembled state, i. as a whole, be attached to the connection flange. In order to ensure that later in a filter maintenance only the screw with the filter element, but without the remaining parts of the filter is released from the flange, expedient at least one Losdrehsicherungselement is provided on the base plate or directly or indirectly connected to the base plate, which at screwed to the threaded neck base plate this secures against loosening. The Losdrehsicherung can be formed, for example, by resilient claws on the base plate, which dig when screwing the base plate to the threaded neck of the connecting flange in the external thread and thereby prevent loosening.

The solution of the second, the filter element part of the object succeeds according to the invention with a filter insert which cooperates with a filter according to one of claims 1 to 20 and in a screw housing of the filter, a crude oil side of a clean oil side separating replaceable attachable and is characterized in that it comprises an arrangement of at least two legs extending axially away from the filter element as radial positioning means for the filter element in the screw housing, the legs being arranged in built state of the filter in or by according to the number and arrangement of the legs executed thread breaks in an internal thread of the screw or in a mating thread to extend.

The filter insert according to the invention is tuned in its shape and function on the filter according to the invention and cooperates with this on the type of plug and socket together. As explained above, the filter element is a consumable part, which is replaced several times in the life of an internal combustion engine, whereas the remaining filter is usually a lifetime component. So that the filter reliably fulfills its intended function over the entire service life of the filter, it is essential that the respective correct filter insert according to the invention, which is specially adapted to the filter, is used.

Further expediently, the legs each have at least one bead or nubs or a curvature in its course, which forms a Axialpositioniermittel for the filter element relative to the rest of the filter and / or a locking or clamping connection means between the screw housing and filter insert with filter insert in the filter ,

For the filter insert is further provided that the legs have a radially outward jumping step in their course.

Preferably, an encircling seal carrier is made in one piece with an axially outer end of the legs or fixed or detachably connected.

A further embodiment of the filter insert is characterized in that the seal carrier has on its outer circumference a cylindrical surface on which a sealing ring is floatingly arranged or attachable as a seal.

In this case, the seal on the filter insert, for example, be a rectangular in cross section elastomer ring.

The legs on the filter insert are advantageously made in one piece with an end disk of the filter insert or firmly or detachably connected. For a filter insert which cooperates with a filter according to claim 12, it is provided that the filter insert has a spring support and that in a built into the screw housing state of the filter insert a spring of the filter bypass valve at its end facing away from a valve body by means of the spring support of the filter insert can be supported and is pretensionable.

According to one embodiment of the filter insert described above, the spring support is preferably integral with a support body arranged inside the filter insert or fixed or detachably connected and the support body is preferably axially fixed between two end plates of the filter insert or integral with a connection flange end plate of the filter insert or fixed or releasably connected.

Alternatively, in the filter insert, the spring support may be formed by an end disk of the filter insert or may be provided on an end disk of the filter insert.

For easy change of the opening pressure of a filter bypass valve of an associated, the filter element receiving filter, the invention proposes that the filter insert with different axial length or different axial position of its spring support can be produced and thereby biasing the spring and thus the opening pressure of the filter bypass valve is variable.

Further, it is preferably provided for the filter cartridge that the spring support is formed by an arrangement of two or more axial arms on the support body, which extend away from the filter cartridge. In an alternative embodiment, the spring support may also be designed annular.

Finally, the invention for the filter cartridge proposes that the arms forming the spring support are shaped and arranged according to the shape and arrangement of the at least one clean oil passage in the valve holder of the filter bypass valve, such that they can be passed through the at least one clean oil passage when assembling the filter this form a lock key encoding. In the following, embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:

Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a filter, in zusammengebautem

 Operating state in longitudinal section according to section line B-B in FIG. 2,

Figure 2 shows the filter of Figure 1 in cross section along the section line A-A in

 FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 the detail X from FIG. 2 in an enlarged view,

4 shows a screw housing as part of the filter according to FIG. 1, viewed obliquely from below, FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a filter insert as part of the filter according to FIG. 1, in view,

FIG. 6 shows the filter of FIG. 1 in the opened maintenance condition, in longitudinal section,

Figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the filter, in assembled

 Operating state in longitudinal section,

8 shows the filter element of the filter according to FIG. 7, together with a seal carrier and a seal, in a view,

Figure 9 shows a third embodiment of the filter, in assembled

 Operating state in longitudinal section,

FIG. 10 shows the filter element of the filter according to FIG. 9, together with a seal, in a view,

Figure 1 1 shows a fourth embodiment of the filter, in assembled

 Operating state, in a cutaway view,

FIG. 12 shows the filter according to FIG. 11, with the filter bypass valve open, in FIG

Longitudinal section 12 shows an enlarged view of the detail N from FIG. 12, the filter according to FIGS. 1 to 13 in cross section according to the section line QQ in FIG. 12, the filter according to FIG. 11 at its initial installation on a filter connection flange, in longitudinal section, the filter according to FIG in the open maintenance state, in longitudinal section, the screw housing and the filter insert in degraded state from the rest of the filter, in a cutaway view, the filter of Figure 1 1 while screwing the screw together with the filter cartridge to a connection flange, in a cutaway view, the detail M in an enlarged view, a fifth embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section, the screw housing together with the filter element as parts of the filter of Figure 20, in the unscrewed state from the rest of the filter, in longitudinal section, a sixth embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating condition d in longitudinal section, the filter of Figure 22 in the opened maintenance condition, in longitudinal section,

FIG. 24 shows the filter according to FIG. 23 with a modified filter insert, in longitudinal section, a seventh embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section, the filter of Figure 25 in cross section along the section line AB-AB in Figure 25, the detail Z of Figure 26 in an enlarged view, one after the Filtererstmontage at a later filter maintenance on Filteranschlussflansch remaining Part of the filter of Figure 25, in view, the screw housing with filter element of the filter of Figure 25, in longitudinal section, an eighth embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section, the filter of Figure 30 in cross section along the section line AF-AF in Figure 30, the detail Z of Figure 31 in an enlarged view, a remaining after the Filtererstmontage at a later filter maintenance on Filteranschlussflansch part of the filter of Figure 30, in view, the screw together with the filter insert as parts of the filter of Figure 30, in the rest Filter unscrewed state, in view, a ninth embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section,

FIG. 36 shows the detail W from FIG. 35 in an enlarged view, FIG. 37 shows a part of the filter according to FIG. 35 remaining after the filter first assembly during a later filter maintenance on the filter connection flange,

Figure 38 shows a tenth embodiment of the filter, in assembled

 Operating state in longitudinal section,

FIG. 39 the detail V from FIG. 38 in an enlarged view,

FIG. 40 shows an eleventh exemplary embodiment of the filter, in assembled operating state in longitudinal section,

FIG. 41 the detail U from FIG. 40 in an enlarged view,

Figure 42 shows a twelfth embodiment of the filter, in assembled

 Operating state in longitudinal section,

FIG. 43 shows the filter from FIG. 42 in cross section along the section line AK-AK in FIG

 FIG. 42

Figure 44 shows the detail T of Figure 43 in an enlarged view, and

Figure 45, the screw together with the filter insert as parts of

 Filter according to Figure 42, in the unscrewed state from the rest of the filter, in view.

In the following description of the figures, the same parts are always denoted by the same reference numerals, so that not every reference figure each reference number must be explained again.

Figure 1 of the drawing shows a first embodiment of a filter 1, in assembled operating condition, in longitudinal section along the section line BB in Figure 2. The filter 1 consists essentially of a base plate 2, a screw housing 3 and a filter insert 4 housed therein. The base plate 2 has the shape of an annular trough and has on its inner circumference an internal thread 22 and an outer circumference of an external thread 23. By means of the internal thread 22, the base plate 2 is screwed in the illustrated here ready assembled state to an external thread 61 'of a threaded connector 61, which in turn is screwed into a threaded bore in an engine block 6 of an associated internal combustion engine and forms part of an engine-side connecting flange 60.

With the external thread 23 of the base plate 2, the cup-shaped, here downwardly open screw housing 3 is releasably screwed by means of an internal thread 33. The screw 3 is here, for example, a deep-drawn part made of sheet steel. In the region of the internal thread 33, the screw housing 3 has a constriction 32 in its circumferential wall 30, in the region of which at least the inside diameter of the screw housing 3 is reduced. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the outer diameter of the screw housing 3 is also reduced in the region of the constriction 32.

The accommodated in the screw housing 3 filter element 4 consists of a one crude oil side 1 1 and a clean oil side 12 of the filter 1 separated from each other, hollow cylindrical filter material body 40 which is sealed at its two end faces of a respective end plate 41, 42. The upper end disk 41 is a closed disk, while the lower end disk 42 has a central opening 42 '. From the bottom of the lower end plate 42 is an annular, the opening 42 'concentrically surrounding sealing collar 43, with the filter insert 4 sealingly seated on a stub 66, which in turn connected to the radially inner part of the base plate 2, for example welded, is ,

Radially outside of the filter material body 40 is above the constriction 32 of the screw 3 in this a sufficiently large annular gap space, which ensures a low-resistance distribution of the lubricating oil to be filtered on the crude oil side 1 1 of the filter 1 over the entire surface of the filter material body 40.

With the lower end plate 42 a plurality, in the example of Figure 1 a total of four, legs 44 are fixed, of which only one is visible in Figure 1. The legs 44 extend from the radially outer edge of the end plate 42 first after below, then in a step 44 'outwards and then again axially downwards. The legs 44 extend through thread breaks 34 of the internal thread 33 of the screw 3 between the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the base plate 2 therethrough. In this way, the filter element 4 is centered in the screw 3 in the radial direction.

Axial outside, that is, according to Figure 1 below, the constriction 32 forms the axial end portion of the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3, an axial support surface 35, against which a seal 31 in the form of a rectangular cross-section sealing ring here and is supported. The seal 31 is supported by an annular seal carrier 45 which is integral with the legs 44 herein. The seal carrier 45 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface on which the seal 41 is mounted axially floating in the form of the sealing ring. The seal carrier 45 has a diameter which is greater than the inner diameter of the screw housing 3 in the region of its constriction 32, whereby the seal carrier 45 in the assembled state shown in Figure 1 with its upper side on the axial support surface 35 radially inwardly of the seal 41st supported. In this way, the filter element 4 is positioned and fixed in the screw 3 in the axial direction.

During its manufacture, the filter 1 is expediently preassembled. For this purpose, the filter insert 4 is first inserted into the screw housing 3, wherein the legs 44 of the filter insert 4 come to rest in the thread breaks 34. Subsequently, the base plate 2 is screwed together with the intermediate piece 66 in the internal thread 33 of the screw 3 from the open side of the screw 3. In this case, the underside of the step 44 'of the legs 44 serves as Einschraubanschlag for the base plate 2 so that it safely assumes its desired position relative to the screw 3. In this preassembled state, the filter 1 may for example be supplied to an engine manufacturer, who then attaches the filter 1 as a preassembled unit to the connection flange 60 of the engine block 6 by the complete filter 1 by means of the internal thread 23 of the base plate 2 to the threaded connector 61, the part of Connecting flange 60 is screwed.

In operation of the filter 1 to be cleaned lubricating oil flows through a crude oil passage 62 in the engine block 6 through the connecting flange 60 to the underside of the base plate 2 and provided in this decentralized inlet openings 20 upwards on the Crude oil side 1 1 of the filter 1. Subsequently, the lubricating oil to be filtered flows through the filter material body 40 of the filter element 4 in the radial direction from outside to inside and thus reaches the clean oil side 12 of the filter 1, from where the filtered lubricating oil down through the central opening 42 'in the end disk 42 and the outlet opening 21 in the threaded connector 61 and is guided by a clean oil passage 63 in the engine block 6 to lubrication points of the associated internal combustion engine.

If the filter element 4 is to be renewed within the scope of a filter maintenance, the screw housing 3 together with the filter element 4 is unscrewed from the base plate 2 remaining at the connection flange 60. Thereafter, the spent filter insert 4 removed from the screw 3 and a fresh filter insert 4 are inserted into the screw 3. After screwing the screw 3 to the base plate 2, the filter 1 is ready for use again. In the illustrated embodiment, the screw 3 has in its upper part an outer contour corresponding to the contour of a conventional Anschraubwechselpatrone, so that for loosening and tightening of the screw 3 same screwing tools as previously used in Anschraubwechselpatronen.

FIG. 2 of the drawing shows the filter 1 from FIG. 1 in cross-section according to the section line A-A in FIG. 1. Radially outside, the lowest parts of the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 with its constriction 32 can be seen. Radially inside of the peripheral wall 30 is the outer part of the base plate 2, wherein these and the screw 3 are screwed together by means of the thread 23 and 33 releasably. At four circumferentially uniformly spaced locations, the internal thread 33 of the screw 3 on the threaded breaks 34 through which each one of the visible here in section legs 44 extends.

Further radially inward, the inlet openings 20 for the lubricating oil to be filtered are visible as a ring of holes in the base plate 2. This is further followed radially inwardly by the intermediate piece 66, which is firmly connected to the radially inner end face of the base plate 2. In the center of Figure 2 is surrounded by the threaded connector 61 central outlet opening 21 for the filtered lubricating oil. At the far left and the far right in FIG. 2, a small part of the engine block 6 of the internal combustion engine is visible in the background.

Figure 3 of the drawing shows the detail X of Figure 2 in an enlarged view, in which case the position of one of the legs 44 in the associated thread break 34 is particularly clear. Since the leg 44 in the thread break 34 has virtually no clearance in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction, the filter element 4 is centered and fixed by the legs 44 in the radial direction and circumferential direction of the screw housing 3 relative thereto. Radial outside, that is left in Figure 3, the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3. Radially inside, that is, in Figure 3 right thereof, the base plate 2, in which one of the inlet openings 20 is still partially visible.

FIG. 4 shows a screw housing 3 as part of the filter 1 according to FIG. 1, viewed obliquely from below, so that the viewer's gaze also falls into the interior of the screw housing 3. In the lower part of the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 is the constriction 32, on the radial inner side of the internal thread 33 is mounted with its thread breaks 34. A filter element 4 is not yet arranged in the screw 3 here.

FIG. 5 shows a filter insert 4 as part of the filter 1 according to FIG. 1, in a view. In the upper part of Figure 5, the hollow cylindrical filter material body 40 with the two frontally enclosing end plates 41 and 42 is visible. From the lower end disc 42 with the central opening 42 'go radially outward, the four legs 44 axially outward from. Each leg 44 describes here in its course an outwardly jumping step 44 '. At its axially outer end, that is to say in FIG. 5 at the lower end, the legs 44 merge in one piece into the annular seal carrier 45.

On the outer circumference of the seal carrier 45 is floating the seal 31 in the form of rectangular in cross-section sealing ring. The legs 44 are made here either in one piece with the lower end plate 42 or firmly connected, for example welded or glued, the end plates 41 and 42, the legs 44 and the seal carrier 45 expediently made of plastic, in particular thermoplastic material, such as polyamide (PA), consist. Around the central opening 42 'in the lower end disc 42 around the sealing collar 43 which is fixedly attached to the lower end plate 42 or is integral therewith. To improve the sealing effect, a part of the sealing collar 43 may consist of an elastomer, which is molded onto the remaining part of the sealing collar 43, for example in two-component injection molding.

In the figure 6 of the drawing, the filter 1 is shown in Figure 1 in the open maintenance state in longitudinal section. Here, the screw 3 is now unscrewed from the base plate 2 manually or by means of a screwdriver, wherein the screw 4 of the screw 4 is disposed of when it is removed. In the example of Figure 6, this entrainment of the filter element 4 is achieved in particular by the fact that between the radially outwardly facing side of the legs 44 and the inwardly facing side of the thread breaks 34 there is a sufficiently large friction or clamping.

To replace the filter element 4, this is withdrawn in screwed off screw 3 from the latter in the axial direction and it is introduced a fresh filter element 4 in the opposite direction in the screw 3, wherein the legs 44 of the fresh filter insert 4 come to rest in the thread breaks 34. A limitation of the insertion of the filter element 4 in the screw 3 in the axial direction forms the top 45 'of the seal carrier 45 which abuts against the axial support surface 35 of the screw 3, when the filter element 4 has reached its insertion end position in the screw 3.

The base plate 2 with its inlet openings 20 and the intermediate stub 66 remains after an initial assembly of the filter 1 at the connecting flange 60 of the engine block 6 of the internal combustion engine, so it is not released again in a filter maintenance.

In the center of the connecting flange 60, the threaded connector 61 designed as a double threaded nipple sits with its external thread 61 ', onto which the base plate 2 is screwed with its internal thread 22. Unintentional loosening of the base plate 2 from the threaded connector 61 when unscrewing the screw 3 can be prevented by a known anti-rotation lock. In The interior of the engine block 6, the leading to the flange 60 crude oil channel 62 and the leading away from the flange 60 clean oil channel 63 can be seen.

Figure 7 of the drawing shows a second embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition, in longitudinal section. In this second exemplary embodiment, the base plate 2, the screw housing 3 and the connecting flange 60 are identical to the example according to FIG. 1, and to explain these parts, reference is made to the corresponding description parts of FIG.

It is different in the embodiment of Figure 7, that here the legs 44 and the seal carrier 45 are not made in one piece with each other, but as a single, subsequently interconnected parts. Thus, here are the lower end plate 42, all four legs 44 and the seal carrier 45 first individual, conveniently made by injection molding of plastic parts. The legs 44 are then distributed in the necessary intervals over the circumference of the lower end plate 42 connected thereto, in particular welded or glued. Likewise, the seal carrier 45 is then connected to the lower front end of the legs 44, also suitably welded or glued. In this way, a greater freedom in the shape of the individual parts 42, 44 and 45 is achieved, which would not be possible with one-piece production.

The legs 44 are also here in the assembled state of the filter 1 in the thread breaks 34 and center the filter cartridge 4 in the screw 3. At the same time also ensures the seal carrier 45 by the concerns of its top 45 'on the axial support surface 35 of the screw 3 for the desired axial positioning of the filter insert 4 relative to the screw 3.

Figure 8 shows the filter element 4 of the filter 1 of Figure 7, together with the seal carrier 45 and the seal 31, in view. Above in Figure 8, the hollow cylindrical filter material body 40 with the two frontally enclosing end plates 41 and 42 is visible. From the lower end disc 42 with the central opening 42 'go radially outward, the four legs 44 axially outward from. Each leg 44 also describes here in its course an outwardly jumping step 44 '. At its axially outer, that is lower in Figure 8, the end legs 44 each have a narrow rectangular end face. At the bottom of FIG. 8, the seal carrier 45 with the seal 31 can be seen before it is connected to the legs 44. In a joining process, the end faces of the legs 44 are fixedly connected with projections 45 "formed on the upper side 45 'of the seal carrier 45.

On the outer circumference of the seal carrier 45 is floating the seal 31 in the form of rectangular in cross-section sealing ring. The legs 44 are fixedly connected to the lower end plate 42, here also the end plates 41 and 42, the legs 44 and the seal carrier 45 suitably made of plastic, in particular thermoplastic, such as polyamide (PA) exist.

Around the central opening 42 'in the lower end disc 42 around the sealing collar 43 extends, which is here in one piece with the lower end plate 42. To improve the sealing effect, there is also a part of the sealing collar 43 made of an elastomer, which is molded onto the remaining part of the sealing collar 43.

With regard to the operation of the filter 1 according to Figure 7 and 8 in the operation and during its maintenance, reference is made to the preceding functional description of the first embodiment.

FIG. 9 of the drawing shows a third exemplary embodiment of the filter 1, again in the assembled operating state, in longitudinal section. Also in this third embodiment, the base plate 2, the screw housing 3 and the connecting flange 60 are the same as in the example according to FIG. 1, and to explain these parts, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the description of FIG.

Also in the embodiment of Figure 9, the legs 44 are first as individual, subsequently produced with the end plate 42 parts. The legs 44 are then distributed in the necessary intervals over the circumference of the lower end plate 42 connected thereto, in particular welded or glued.

Different from the previous embodiment is that it is dispensed with a seal carrier, the legs 44 thus free end below. Radially outward from the lower end of the legs 44 extends the seal 31, which is also a rectangular cross-section sealing ring here. The seal 31 has expediently sufficient own dimensional stability, so that the seal 31 has the desired circular shape without seal carrier. In order to hold the seal 31 on the legs 44 during the assembly of the filter 1, the seal 31 can know bias, which is sufficient for holding the seal 31 on the legs 44, without deforming the seal 31 unfavorable strong from its circular shape.

The legs 44 are also here in the assembled state of the filter 1 in the thread breaks 34 and center so the filter element 4 in the screw 3.

Radially outside of the legs 44 formed beads 49 provide in the installed state of the filter element 4 for axial positioning and fixation of the filter element 4 in the screw 3, in which case the beads 49 inside abut the screw 3 at the top of the constriction 32 and form a releasable latching connection ,

Figure 10 shows the filter element 4 of the filter 1 of Figure 9, together with the seal 31, in view. Above in Figure 10, the hollow cylindrical filter material body 40 with the two frontally enclosing end plates 41 and 42 is visible. From the lower end disc 42 with the central opening 42 'go radially outward, the four legs 44 axially outward from. Each leg 44 also describes here in its course an outwardly jumping step 44 '. At its axially outer, that is lower in Figure 10, the end legs 44 each have a narrow rectangular end face.

In the lower part of FIG. 10, the annular seal 31 can be seen before it is placed on the legs 44. Alternatively, the seal 31 can be inserted here separately in the lower end of the screw 3 and inserted against the support surface 35, wherein expediently the seal 31 receives a slightly jammed hold, so they do not screw off the screw 3 on the flange 60 from the screw 3 fall out.

After placing the seal 31 on the outside of the legs 44, this forms a floating, that is axially displaceable seal 31, also here in the form of rectangular in cross-section sealing ring.

The legs 44 are fixedly connected to the lower end plate 42, preferably welded, in which case also the end disks 41 and 42, the legs 44 and the seal Carrier support 45 expediently made of plastic, in particular thermoplastic, such as polyamide (PA) exist.

Around the central opening 42 'in the lower end disc 42 around the sealing collar 43 extends, which is here in one piece with the lower end plate 42. To improve the sealing effect, there is also an axially outer part of the sealing collar 43 made of an elastomer, which is molded onto the remaining part of the sealing collar 43.

With regard to the functioning of the filter 1 according to FIGS. 9 and 10 in operation and in its maintenance, reference is made to the preceding functional description of the first exemplary embodiment.

Figures 1 1 to 19 of the drawing show a fourth embodiment of the filter first

In Figure 1 1, the filter 1 is shown in assembled operating state in a cutaway view, wherein the sectional plane extends in the longitudinal center plane of the filter 1. With regard to the attachment to the connection flange 60 and with regard to the centering of the filter insert 4 in the screw housing 3, the filter 1 according to FIG. 1 corresponds to the embodiment described above according to FIGS. In contrast to all embodiments described above, in the filter 1 according to FIG. 11, a filter bypass valve 5 and an adjustable cover for the outlet opening 21 are integrated in the latter.

The filter bypass valve 5 is mounted on the upwardly facing end face of the radially inner part of the base plate 2 and comprises an annular valve seat 50 surrounding the threaded connection 61 and a likewise annular valve body 51 arranged above the latter. Via the valve body 51 is a spring 52 in the form of a A helical compression spring arranged, which acts on the valve body 51 with a biasing in the closing direction of the filter bypass valve 5 force. Around the spring 52, a valve holder 53 is arranged, whose lower part has a hollow cylindrical basic shape and which is connected to the radially outer edge region of the valve seat 50 axially fixed, but rotatable. On its upwardly facing end face, the valve holder 53 has a ring of clean oil passage openings 54 and a closed central end face area. The remote from the valve body 51 end of the spring 52 is supported on a spring support 47, which is part of a arranged in the interior of the filter element 4 lattice hollow cylindrical support body 46 in this embodiment. The spring support 47 is here formed by four circumferentially uniformly distributed, radially inwardly in the support body 46 axially downwardly extending arms 48 which project through one of the pure oil passage openings 54 therethrough.

In order for the arms 48 of the spring support 47 to safely find their way through the clean oil passage openings 54 when assembling the filter 1, one of the arms 48 is formed with a contact projection 48 'which cooperates with a contact projection 53' at the top of the valve holder 53. This interaction arises during rotation of the support body 46 together with the rest of the filter cartridge 4 and the screw cap 3 when it is screwed to the base plate 2. The valve holder 53 does not move initially. Only when the contact projection 48 'comes into abutment against the contact projection 53' of the valve holder 53, and the valve holder 53 is rotated relative to the valve seat 50. At the same time, such a position of the spring support 47 and the valve holder 53 relative to each other is adjusted by the abutment of the contact projection 48 'against the contact projection 53' that all arms 48 of the spring support 47 pass through one of the clean oil passage openings 54 without compulsion.

Between the upper side of the spring 52 and the downwardly facing end side of the arms 48 of the spring support 47, a cover body 55 is here arranged, which has substantially the shape of a plate-like stepped ring and in its contour to the underside contour of the frontal part of the valve holder 53rd is adjusted. In the operational state of the filter 1 shown in Figure 1 1, the arms 48 of the spring support 47 compress the spring via the cover body 55 and thus provide the desired bias of the spring 52, which determines the opening pressure of the filter bypass valve 5. By a simple change of the axial length or position of the arms 48, the bias of the spring 52 and thus the opening pressure of the filter bypass valve 5 can be selectively changed.

In the ready state of the filter 1 is also held by the arms 48 of the spring support 47 of the cover body at an axial distance below the frontal part of the valve holder 53 with the clean oil passage openings 54, so a flow path for filtered lubricating oil from the clean side 12 of the filter 1 through the clean passage openings 54 into the outlet opening 21 is free.

As long as a differential pressure between the crude oil side 1 1 and the clean side 12 does not exceed a certain level, the spring 52, the filter bypass valve 5 is closed and a flow of lubricating oil from the crude oil side 1 1 to the clean side 12 is possible only through the filter material body 40 of the filter element 4 therethrough ,

If the aforementioned differential pressure exceeds a predefinable limit value, which is the case, for example, with very cold lubricating oil and / or when the filter cloth body 40 is blocked by dirt particles, the resulting force releases the valve body 51 from the valve seat 50 against the force of the spring 52. This way, an immediate flow connection for the lubricating oil from the crude oil side 1 1 to the clean side 12 of the filter 1, bypassing the filter material body 40 is released.

The filter insert 4 here also has a lower end disk 42, on the underside of which a sealing collar 43 is formed, which sits in a sealing manner on an outer circumferential region of the valve seat 50.

With regard to the other parts shown in Figure 1 1 and their function, reference is made to the above description of the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 11, now with the filter bypass valve 5 open, in longitudinal section. Due to a preselectable limit exceeding differential pressure between the crude oil side 1 1 and the clean side 12, the valve body 51 is now lifted against the force of the spring 52 from its valve seat 50 in the axial direction upwards, so now for the lubricating oil a filter cartridge 4 bypassing, immediate flow path from the crude oil side 1 1 to the Reinolseite 12 through the open filter bypass valve 5 is free.

In the interior of the filter insert 4, the support body 46 with the spring support 47 formed by the arms 48 is visible again. At its axially lower end region of the support body 46 is locked here with the inner periphery of the annular lower end plate 42 of the filter element 4. The legs 44 of the filter element 4, which are firmly connected here with the lower end plate 42, also here for the centering of the filter element 4 in the radial direction within the screw 3. The here again with the legs 44 integral seal carrier 45 carries on its cylindrical outer circumference Seal 31, which also here has the shape of a rectangular cross-section sealing ring. The seal carrier 45 has a diameter that is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the screw housing 3 in the region of its constriction 32, so that the seal carrier 45 with its upwardly facing surface 45 'radially inwardly of the seal 31 formed at the under the constriction 32 axial support surface 35 of the screw 3 is supported. Thus, the filter element 3 can not be moved beyond its position shown in Figure 12 further into the screw 3. Therefore, the bearing body 46 connected in the axial direction with the lower end plate 42 is axially fixed in the screw 3, so that the provided on the support body 46 spring support 47, the spring 52 can be supported. The force of the spring 52 is here so on the support body 46, the lower end plate 42, the legs 44 and the seal carrier 45 derived on the screw 3, which in turn is bolted to the base plate 2, which the valve seat 50 and the valve body 51 arranged above wearing.

With regard to the other items shown in Figure 12 and their functions, reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 13 shows the detail N of FIG. 12 with the filter bypass valve 5 in an enlarged view. At the bottom of Figure 13, the upper end of the radially inner portion of the base plate 2 with the internal thread 22 is visible. To the right of this, part of the threaded neck 61 with its external thread 61 'is visible. With the upper end face end of the base plate 2 of the valve seat 50 is connected, for example, welded. In its radially outer peripheral region of the valve seat 50 is axially fixed, but rotatable relative to each other, connected to the valve holder 53, here by a positive crimping edge.

In an axial distance above the valve seat 50 here is the valve body 51, so that here so the filter bypass valve 5 is in the open position. The valve body 51 is designed here in a conventional manner two-ply with a dimensionally stable upper layer and a resilient, elastic lower layer. At the top of the annular valve body 51, the lower end of the spring 52 abuts. The upper end of the spring 52 is supported on the underside of the cover body 55. At the top of the cover body 55 is still a small part of the spring support 47 visible, which supports the spring 52 at its end facing away from the valve body 51 end and biases. The cover body 55 is designed to be closed in its stepped peripheral region and has in its center the circular opening 55 '.

Radially outward, that is left here, of the valve holder 53 is a small part of the filter element 4 recognizable, namely a part of the lower end plate 42 with its central opening 42 'and with its downwardly projecting sealing collar 43, which sealing on the outer circumference of the valve seat 50 is. In the central opening 42 'engages the support body 46 to its connection with the lower end plate 42 latching.

Figure 14 shows the filter of Figure 1 1 to 13 in cross section along the section line QQ in Figure 12. Radially outside the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 with the internal thread 33. In four spaced by 90 ° in the circumferential direction each position is one of Thread breaks 34 in which the internal thread 43 is interrupted and in each of which one of the legs 44 of the filter element 4 is located.

Inside the screw housing 3, the filter insert 4 is located with the filter material body 40 and the lower end disc 42 covering it on the underside and visible only in its radially outermost edge region.

Inside the filter insert 4, the grid-shaped support body 46 is arranged with the spring support 47. In the center of the filter 1, the upper end face of the valve holder 53 is visible. As illustrated in FIG. 14, the spring support 47 and the valve holder 53 form a key-lock coding, which only permits the installation of a suitable filter insert 4 with the spring support 47 having a matching geometry into the filter 1.

At the far left and the far right in FIG. 14, a small part of the engine block 6 of the associated internal combustion engine is still recognizable. Figure 15 shows the filter 1 of Figure 1 1 during its initial assembly to a connecting flange 60 of an engine block 6 of an internal combustion engine in longitudinal section. As FIG. 15 illustrates, the filter 1 is completely preassembled. Granny, that is to say all its parts are connected to one another and form a coherent structural unit. This assembly comprises the base plate 2, the associated filter bypass valve 5 with valve seat 50, valve body 51, spring 52 and valve holder 53, and the screw housing 3, the seal 31 and the filter element 4 with its legs 44. For the before installation of the filter 1 is first, the filter insert 4 provided with the legs 44 inserted in the axial direction from below into the screw housing 3, wherein the legs 44 are positioned in the thread breaks 34. In this case, the filter element 4 can only be inserted so far into the screw housing 3 until the surface 45 'of the seal carrier 45 abuts the axial support surface 35 in the region immediately below the constriction 32 of the screw 3.

Subsequently, the already connected to the filter bypass valve 5 and its parts base plate 2 is screwed by means of its external thread 23 in the internal thread 33 of the screw 3. In this case, the contact projections 48 'and 53', with their cooperation, ensure a positionally correct positioning of the support body 46 and valve holder 53 for the force-free passage of the arms 48 of the spring support 47 through the clean oil passage openings 54.

The depth of engagement of the base plate 2 relative to the screw 3 is thereby limited by the fact that the radially outer, upwardly facing Stirnendbereich the base plate 2 abuts against the underside of the step 44 'of the legs 44. This ensures that all parts of the preassembled filter 1 relative to each other assume their desired, required for later filter operation position relative to each other already during the pre-assembly. The preassembled filter 1 shown in Figure 15 can then as a complete unit quickly and easily by means of the internal thread 22 of the base plate 2 with the external thread 61 'having, a part of the connecting flange 60 forming threaded connector 61 are screwed. This Losdrehsicherungselemente 26, which are provided on the base plate 2, ensure that the base plate 2 receives a permanent solid unsafe seat on the threaded connector 61 and then no longer destructive can be unscrewed from the threaded connector 61. With regard to the other parts in Figure 15, reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 16 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 1 1 in an opened maintenance state in an angled longitudinal section, wherein now the screw housing 3 together with the filter insert 4 located therein is unscrewed from the remaining part of the filter 1, more precisely from the base plate 2. To unscrew the screw 3 from the base plate 2, a suitable screwing is attached to the screw 3, wherein due to a suitable shape of the screw 3 here a known from conventional screw-on cartridges screwing can be used. In this unscrewing the filter cartridge 4 is taken because he is held over his legs 44 with a sufficient clamping force in the screw 3.

In this case, the arms 48 of the spring support 47 move together with the rest of the filter element 4 of the valve holder 53 and of the cover 55 away upwards. As a result, the spring 52 in the cover body 55 can now move up into abutment with the underside of the upper front end region of the valve holder 53, after which the covering body 55 closes the clean oil passage openings 54 in the valve holder 53. In this way, it is excluded that in a filter maintenance dirt fall into the outlet opening 21 for the filtered lubricating oil and may later lead to malfunction or damage.

When the screw housing 3 is unscrewed from the base plate 2, the filter cartridge 4 can be pulled out of the screw housing 3 in the axial direction and it can be a fresh filter cartridge 4 are inserted in the screw 3 in the opposite direction. Thereafter, then the unit of screw 3 and therein filter element 4 can be screwed back to the base plate 2 of the filter 1 to complete this again and ready to operate. Since the seal 31 is here a part of the filter element 4, the seal 31 is renewed at the same time and without additional steps when replacing the filter element 4.

In the lower region of the support body 46, the spring support 47 is now clearly visible with the arms 48, wherein one of the arms 48 is provided with the contact projection 48 '. In the upper end region of the valve holder 53, the contact projection 53 ' visible when screwing the screw 3 to the base plate 2 in cooperation with the contact projection 48 'for the correct positioning of the arms 48 of the spring support 47 relative to the clean oil passage openings 54 in the valve holder 53 provides.

With regard to the other items shown in Figure 16 and their function reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 17 shows the screw housing 3 and the filter insert 4 located therein in a state reduced from the remaining filter 1, in a cutaway view.

The screw housing 3 with its constriction 32 forms the outer envelope for the filter element 4. On the inner circumference of the constriction 42 is the internal thread 43 of the screw 3 with the thread breaks 44 through which the legs 44 of the filter insert 4 extend in the axial direction. Integral with the legs 44 of the seal carrier 45 is formed here, which carries on its cylindrical outer peripheral surface the seal 31 forming rectangular sealing ring.

The filter insert 4 consists of the filter material body 40, which is bordered by the upper end plate 41 and the lower end plate 42. Radially inside the filter element 4 is the grid-shaped support body 46 with the spring support 47 formed by the arms 48. With its lower end portion of the support body 46 is locked in the central opening 42 'of the lower end plate 42. Alternatively or additionally, a welding or gluing may be provided here. From the underside of the lower end plate 42, the sealing collar 43 extends downwards.

FIG. 18 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 11 during screwing on of the screw housing 3 together with the filter insert 4 on the connection flange 60 in the context of a filter maintenance, in a cutaway view. The screw housing 3 is already screwed with its internal thread 33 a certain distance on the external thread 23 of the threaded connection 61 firmly screwed base plate 2. In this intermediate position of screwing of the contact projection 48 'reaches the one of the arms 48 of the spring support 47 in contact with the contact projection 53' on the valve holder 53. From this point, the valve holder 53 together with the screw 3 during further screwing the screw 3 in Direction of rotation of the screw housing 3 taken and the arms 48 of the spring support 47 are positioned to the clean oil passage openings 54 so that the arms 48 pass through the clean oil passage openings 54 and over the cover body 55 bias the spring 52 and bring the cover 55 to the clean oil passage openings 54 in the valve holder 53.

Instead of the valve holder 53 to be arranged rotatably relative to the valve seat 50, alternatively or additionally, the support body 46 may be rotatably arranged relative to the rest of the filter insert 4 in this.

With regard to the other parts shown in Figure 18 and their function, reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 19 shows the detail M from FIG. 18 in an enlarged view, the interaction of the contact projection 48 'of the spring support 47 with the contact projection 53' of the valve holder 53 becoming particularly clear. In the center of FIG. 19, the upper front end region of the valve holder 53 with the annularly arranged clean oil passage openings 54 is visible. In the edge region of one of these pure oil passage openings 54, the radially inwardly and upwardly projecting contact projection 53 'is arranged. Immediately adjacent to the contact projection 53 'is here the contact projection 48' on the one of the arms 48 of the spring support 47th

Below the valve holder 53, the cover body 55 is in contact with the valve holder 53 and closes its clean oil passage openings 54. This prevents dirt from falling through the clean oil passage openings 54 into the outlet opening 21 of the filter 1 which is still partially visible in FIG. Below the cover body 55 is the spring 52 which acts on the cover body 55 with a pointing in the direction of the valve holder 53 force.

Upon further screwing the screw 3 to the base plate 2, the arms 48 move relative to the valve holder 53 through its pure oil passage openings 54 down and push the cover body 55 against the force of the spring 52 down to an axial distance to the valve holder 53 the clean oil passage openings 54 are opened. Figure 20 shows a fifth embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section. Here, unlike the embodiment described above, the filter 1 has no covering body above its outlet opening 21. The valve holder 53 has here at its upper end face end a radially inwardly facing collar and is otherwise open.

The filter element 4 here also has a support body 46, which has in its lower part a spring support 47 in the form of a downwardly projecting collar, which passes through the top opening of the valve holder 53 and in the assembled state of the filter 1, as shown in Figure 20, the spring 52 of the filter bypass valve 5 is directly supported and biased.

In its other parts, the filter 1 according to Figure 20 corresponds to the embodiment of Figure 12, reference is made to the description thereof.

FIG. 21 shows the screw housing 3 together with the filter element 4 as parts of the filter 1 according to FIG. 20, in a state unscrewed from the remaining filter 1, in an angled longitudinal section, the sectional plane in the left half of FIG. 21 passing through one of the legs 44 and FIG in the right half of Figure 21 between two legs 44 runs. The filter insert 4 is in the screw housing 3, wherein the legs 44 of the filter element 4 are again in the thread breaks 34 of the internal thread 33 of the screw 3. Integral with the legs 44, the seal carrier 45 is executed again here, the seal 31 carries axially displaceable on its outer circumference. When screwing the screw 3 to the base plate 2, as shown in Figure 20, the filter insert 4 moves so far up into the interior of the screw 3 until the surface 45 'of the seal carrier 45 in abutment against the axial support surface 35 below the constriction 32 of the screw 3 passes. The seal 31 acts as an axial seal and is compressed in the annular gap area between the outer periphery of the seal carrier 45 and the inner periphery of the lower end of the screw housing 3. With regard to the other individual parts in Figure 21, reference is made to the preceding description.

Figure 22 of the drawing shows a sixth embodiment of the filter 1 in assembled operating condition, again in an angled longitudinal section. Different from the previously described embodiments of the filter 1 is here that the filter 1 has no base plate, but by means of the internal thread 33 of the screw 3 to a corresponding external thread 64 'having threaded connector 64 is screwed as part of the connecting flange 6.

The screw housing 3 and the filter insert 4 are designed as in the embodiment described above.

Further, the filter 1 of FIG. 22 has a filter bypass valve 5. The filter bypass valve 5 also has an annular valve seat 50 and an annular valve body 51 movable relative thereto in the axial direction. With the valve seat 50, a valve holder 53 is also connected on the upper side extends up into the interior of the filter insert 4. Through the open top of the valve holder 53 engages the integrally formed on the support body 46 of the filter element 4 annular spring support 47 in the interior of the valve holder 53 and biases the spring 52 of the filter bypass valve 5. For holding the filter bypass valve 5, the valve seat 50 has a downwardly extending tubular extension 50 ', which is inserted into a central connecting piece 65 in the connecting flange 60 of the engine block 6 of the associated internal combustion engine, in particular pressed. In the connecting piece 65 of the tubular extension 50 'is held frictionally with all other parts of the filter bypass valve 5 after its insertion and remains there.

With regard to the other items in Figure 22 and their function, reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 23 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 22 in the opened maintenance state, again in an angled longitudinal section. At the top in FIG. 23, the screw housing 3 and the filter insert 4 inserted therein are visible, which have the individual parts already described above.

Below in FIG. 23, a part of the engine block 6 of the associated internal combustion engine with the filter bypass valve 5 is visible. The valve seat 50 with its tubular extension 50 'is still in the central connection piece 65. The spring 52 is now at its upper end to the top collar of the valve holder 53 and can not be lost. Radially outside at the connection flange 60 is the threaded connector 64 with the external thread 64 ', which is here the mating thread to the internal thread 33 of the screw 3.

FIG. 24 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 23 with a modified filter insert 4, again in an angled longitudinal section. Different from Figure 23 is here that the lower end plate 42 with the legs 44 and the support body 46 with the spring support 47 form a one-piece component that can be inexpensively manufactured as an injection molded part made of plastic. If it is expedient or necessary, the end disk 42 can also be combined with the spring support 47 to form a one-piece component, and the support body 46 without the spring support 47 can then form a further component.

With regard to the further details in FIG. 24, reference is made to the description of FIG.

Figure 25 shows a seventh embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition in longitudinal section. Different from the previously described embodiments is here in particular that the thread breaks 34 are provided here in the external thread 23 of the base plate 2. Furthermore, it is different here that the screw 3 is formed in two parts, namely in its major part as a deep-drawn part of sheet metal and in its lower part in the drawing with a fixed edge portion 30 'greater material thickness. This edge portion 30 'forms on the inner circumference of the screw 30, the constriction 32 through which the filter cartridge 4 can be passed straight.

In the assembled state shown in Figure 25, the screw housing 3 is bolted to the filter insert 4 therein with the base plate 2, as explained above in detail. The legs 44 of the filter insert 4 thereby run through the here provided in the base plate 2 thread breaks 34. At its lower axial end go the legs 44 in an annular seal carrier 45, which carries the cross-sectionally C-shaped seal 31 here.

Also in this filter 1, the filter element 4 is centered by means of his legs 44 in the screw 3 both in the radial direction and fixed in the axial direction. Furthermore, the filter 1 according to FIG. 25 has a filter bypass valve 5 with a cover body 55, as described above with reference to FIGS. 11 to 16, to which reference is made in this regard.

With regard to the other parts in Figure 25, reference is again made to the preceding description.

FIG. 26 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 25 in cross-section according to the section AB-AB in FIG. 25. Radially outward, the screw housing 3 lies with its peripheral wall 30 and the edge part 30 'with the internal thread 33. Radially inward of it follows the base plate 2 with its External thread 23. Distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction is at three points of the base plate 2 per a threaded interruption 34 is provided, which extends here over the entire thickness of the material of the base plate 2. In each thread break 34 is ever one of the legs 44 of the filter element. 4

Still further radially inward, the ring of the inlet openings 20 is visible. Further radially inward, the base plate 2 is cut again. In the center of FIG. 46, the outlet opening 21 surrounded by the threaded connection 61 lies.

Figure 27 shows the detail Z of Figure 26 in an enlarged view. In the thread break 34, the strength here of the entire material of the base plate 2 extends, is one of the legs 44. Right in Figure 27 is a small section of the screw 3 with peripheral wall 30 and edge portion 30 'and the internal thread 33 visible. On the far left in FIG. 27, one of the inlet openings 20 is partially visible.

FIG. 28 shows a view of a portion of the filter 1 according to FIG. 25 remaining after the filter element assembly at a later filter maintenance on the filter connection flange 60. About the one part of the engine block 6 of an internal combustion engine forming flange 60 is permanently connected to the flange 60 base plate 2, the evenly distributed over its outer circumference three thread breaks 34 in the form of cutouts that extend over the entire material thickness of the base plate 2 has , Above the central part of the base plate 2 is the filter bypass valve 5, of which only the valve holder 53, the clean oil passage openings 54 and the cover body 55 arranged underneath are visible are. Since the filter insert 4 is removed, the cover body 55 now lies in sealing contact with the underside of the valve holder 53 and closes its clean oil passage openings 54.

FIG. 29 shows the screw housing 3 with filter insert 4 of the filter 1 from FIG. 25 in longitudinal section. The screw 3 has here at its lower end again the thickened edge portion 30 ', which forms the inside constriction 32 of the screw 3. Inside the screw housing 3 is the complete filter insert 4, the legs 44 extend radially inwardly from the constriction 32 in the axial direction downwards and pass there into the integrally formed with the legs 44 annular seal carrier 45. On the seal carrier 45, the seal 31 is held. With its upper side, the seal 31 and the seal carrier 45 abut against the downwardly facing axial support face 35 of the screw housing 3, whereby the filter insert 4 is positioned and fixed in the screw housing 3 both in the radial direction and in the axial direction.

With regard to the other items shown in Figure 29, reference is made to the preceding description.

Figure 30 shows an eighth embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition, in an angled longitudinal section. In this example, the filter 1 is again screwed by means of the internal thread 33 of the screw 3 with a threaded connector 64 with external thread 64 'on the flange 60. The filter element 4 has also here again distributed over its circumference a plurality of legs 44 which extend through here provided in the external thread 64 'of the threaded neck 64 threaded breaks 34 therethrough. With regard to the other parts shown in Figure 30, reference is made to the preceding description.

FIG. 31 shows the filter 1 according to FIG. 30 in cross-section according to the section line AF-AF in FIG. 30. Radially outward there is the screw housing 3 with its circumferential wall 30 and its internal thread 33. Radially inwardly thereof, the threaded socket 64 lies with its external thread 64 '. At four evenly distributed over the circumference points of the threaded connector 64 is executed with threaded breaks 34, which extend here over the entire material thickness of the threaded connector 64 and through which the legs 44 of the filter element 4 extend therethrough. Regarding the Further details in FIG. 31 are referred to the preceding description.

FIG. 32 shows the detail Z from FIG. 31 in an enlarged view. Right in Figure 32, a portion of the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 is visible. Radially inwardly of the threaded connector 64 extends with one of the therein provided thread breaks 34 in which one of the legs 44 is located.

FIG. 33 shows a view of a part of the filter 1 according to FIG. 30, remaining after the filter first assembly at a later filter maintenance on the filter connection flange 60. On the connecting flange 60 of the integral with the connecting flange 60 threaded connector 64 with its external thread 64 'and the therein provided thread breaks 34 visible. Inside of the threaded connector 64, the valve holder 53 with the spring 52 located therein for the filter bypass valve 5 can be seen. Under the valve holder 53 is still the central connecting piece 65 can be seen, on which the filter bypass valve 5 is held by pressing.

FIG. 34 shows the screw housing 3 together with the filter insert 4 as parts of the filter 1 according to FIG. 30, in a state unscrewed from the remaining filter 1, in a view. On the outside, the peripheral wall 30 of the screw housing 3 runs with its constriction 32. The filter insert 4 lies in the interior of the screw housing 3, so that only a small part of the filter insert 4 is visible. Through the lower open side of the screw 3, a portion of the lower end plate 42 of the filter element 4 with the central opening 42 'is visible, which is surrounded by the sealing collar 43 concentrically. Radially outward from the sealing collar 43 go from the end plate 42, the legs 44, which merge at its lower end in one piece in the annular seal carrier 45 with the seal 31 held thereon. On the inner circumference of the lower end of the screw 3 whose internal thread 33 is visible, which is executed here without thread breaks, since the thread breaks 34 are provided in the present example, as shown particularly clearly in Figure 33, in the threaded connector 64.

Figure 35 shows a ninth embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition, in an angled longitudinal section. In this example, it is characteristic that there is a backflush diaphragm 24 which provides for backflow of filtered lubricating oil from the higher oil galleries Standstill of the associated internal combustion engine via the filter 1 in the crude oil channel 62 prevented. With respect to the other parts in Figure 35, reference is made to the preceding description.

Figure 36 shows the detail W of Figure 35 in an enlarged view, the two-layered design of the return-barrier membrane 24 with a soft-elastic lower layer and a stiffer, but flexible upper layer, which has the shape of a plurality of radial wings, becomes clear. The return-blocking diaphragm 24 is seated here on the central connecting piece 65 and, when the lubricating oil circuit is at a standstill, closes off the crude oil channel 62 in the direction of flow directed backwards. During operation of the filter 1, the backflow barrier membrane 24 is lifted by the inflowing lubricating oil in its radially outer region, whereby the flow path for the lubricating oil to be filtered is released from the crude oil channel 62 into the filter 1.

FIG. 37 shows a view of a part of the filter 1 according to FIG. 35, remaining after the filter first assembly at a later filter maintenance on the filter connection flange 60. On the connecting flange 60 here the threaded connector 64 is visible with its uninterrupted external thread 64 '. In the center of Figure 30, the return check valve 5 with its valve holder 53 and its spring 52 is visible. In the area between the threaded connector 64 and the filter bypass valve 5 is the return-barrier membrane 24th

Figure 38 shows a tenth embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition, in an angled longitudinal section. The screw 3 is screwed here again with its internal thread 33 with the threaded connector 64 with its external thread 64 '. The thread breaks 34 are provided here in the internal thread 33 of the screw 3.

Characteristic of this embodiment is that the legs 44 of the filter element 4 on their radially outwardly facing surface each have a short, outwardly directed curvature 49 ", which form a latching or clamping connection with the thread breaks 34 of the internal thread 33 of the screw 3. This ensures a secure fit of the filter insert 4 in the screw housing 3 during their pre-assembly with each other before the unit of screw housing 3 and filter insert 4 with the connecting flange 60, in this case specifically with the threaded 64, is screwed. For further details in Figure 38 reference is made to the preceding description

39 shows the detail V of FIG. 38 in an enlarged view, the shape and position of the curvature 49 "on the outwardly facing surface of the leg 44 being particularly clear here. For archival reasons, the curvature 49" projects into the material of the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 into it, which of course does not happen in practice; Rather, an elastic deformation of the leg 44 results in the region of the curvature 49 "inward, whereby an increased mutual friction and / or a mutual locking between the peripheral wall 30 and the leg 44 is effected.

FIG. 40 shows an eleventh exemplary embodiment of the filter 1, in the assembled operating state, in an angled longitudinal section, wherein it is characteristic that the legs 44 of the filter insert 4 on their radially outwardly facing side have a curvature extending over a larger axial section of the leg 40 The function of the bulge 49 "is the same here as in the previously described embodiment. With regard to the further details in FIG. 40, reference is again made to the preceding description.

41 shows an enlarged view of the detail U of FIG. 40, wherein the greater axial extent of the curvature 49 "becomes particularly clear on the radially outward-pointing side of the leg 44. This results in increased mutual friction and / or locking between in the axial direction the peripheral wall 30 of the screw housing 3 and the legs 44 of the filter insert 4th

Figure 42 shows a twelfth embodiment of the filter 1, in assembled operating condition, again in an angled longitudinal section. This filter 1 again has a base plate 2 of the type already described above, which is provided here on the upper side with a return-blocking diaphragm 24 which has also been described above. On the underside of the base plate 2, a return lock ring 25 is sealingly mounted in the radially outer region, for example, welded, which extends from the base plate 2 axially downwards and then radially outwardly under the legs 44 and the seal carrier 45. The outer edge 25 'of the return lock ring 25 is then in sealing contact with the surface of the connecting flange 60 and on the sealing ring 31 at. In this way, an undesired backflow of lubricating oil at standstill of the lubricating oil circuit from the screw housing 3 along the legs 44 is prevented by the thread breaks 34. For further details in Figure 42, reference is made to the preceding description.

Figure 43 shows the filter 1 of Figure 42 in cross section along the section line AK AK in Figure 42. In addition to the arrangement of the return barrier membrane 24 illustrates the figure 43 that in the embodiment shown here, the filter element 4 has only two legs 44, but what for the centering of the filter element 4 in the radial direction is sufficient because the legs 44 in the receiving them threaded breaks 34 both in the radial direction and in the circumferential direction have virtually no movement play.

Figure 44 shows the detail T of Figure 43 in an enlarged view. On the right in this figure, a portion of the non-return diaphragm 44 is visible. Left, that is, radially outward, of which runs the upwardly facing outer edge of the base plate 2, to which the peripheral wall 30 of the screw 3 further connects to the left. In the course of the peripheral wall 30 is one of the two threaded breaks 34, through which the one of the two legs 44 of the filter element 4 without significant movement play in the radial direction and circumferential direction.

Finally, FIG. 45 shows the screw housing 3 together with the filter insert 4 as parts of the filter 1 according to FIG. 42, in a state unscrewed from the rest of the filter, in a view. Inside the screw housing 3, the filter insert 4, visible here only to a small extent, is arranged, of which a part of the lower end plate 42 with the sealing collar 43 and with one of the two legs 44 is visible.

Furthermore, Figure 45 illustrates that here the legs 44 are each formed with two circumferentially projecting nubs 49 ', which provide a play-free and connected with a certain friction or clamping fit of the legs 44 in the thread breaks 34. This ensures a sufficiently secure cohesion of the screw housing 3 and filter element 4 after their pre-assembly with each other to the unit shown in Figure 45. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Sign label

1 filter

 1 1 crude oil side

 12 clean oil side

2 base plate

 20 inlet openings

 21 outlet opening

 22 female thread in 21

23 external thread on 2

24 return flow diaphragm

25 return lock ring

25 'edge of 25

 26 anti-rotation locking elements

3 screw housing

 30 peripheral wall

30 'edge part of 30

 31 seal

 32 constriction

 33 internal thread

 34 thread breaks

35 axial support surface

4 filter element

 40 filter body

 41, 42 end discs

 42 'central opening in 42

43 sealing collar on 42

 44 legs

44 'step in 44 seal carrier

'Surface of 45 to 32

 Supporting body in 4

 spring support

 Arms of 47

'Contact lead

 bead

'Pimples

"Buckle filter bypass valve

 valve seat

'tubular extension to 50

 valve body

 feather

 valve holder

'Contact projection on 53

 Clean oil passage opening

 covering

'central opening in 55 engine block of an internal combustion engine connecting flange to 6 for 1

 Threaded socket inside to 60 'external thread to 61

 Crude oil channel in 6

 Pure oil channel in 6

 Threaded end outside on 60 'external thread on 64

 central connection at 60 intermediate stubs

Claims

claims: 1 . Filter (1) for the lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine, wherein the filter (1) is attachable to a connecting flange (60) of the internal combustion engine and a cup-shaped screw housing (3) and arranged in the screw housing (3) interchangeable, a crude oil side (1 1) a filter element (4) which separates the filter (1) from the filter (1), wherein the filter (1) has at least one decentralized inlet opening (20) and a central outlet opening (21) and wherein the filter (1) extends radially outwardly of the at least one a decentralized inlet opening (20) arranged seal (31), by means of which the filter (1) against the connecting flange (60) is sealable,  characterized,  in that the screw housing (3) has a constriction (32) of the inside diameter in its connection flange-side end region in its peripheral wall (30),  on the radially inner side of the constriction (32), the screw thread is designed as an internal thread (33),  an axially outwardly facing side of the constriction (32) in the screw housing (3) forms an axial support surface (35) for the seal (31), that the internal thread (33) of the screw housing (3) or a mating thread (23, 64 ') seen over its circumference at least two spaced thread breaks (34) and that the filter insert (4) one of the position and number of thread breaks (34 ) corresponding arrangement of axially of the filter insert (4) in or through the threaded breaks (34) extending legs (44) as Radialpositioniermittel for the filter insert (4) in the screw housing (3). 2. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the legs (44) each have at least one bead (49) or nubs (49 ') or a curvature (49 ") in its course, the / in the filter (1 ) built-in filter insert (4) Axialpositioniermittel for the filter element (4) relative to the other filter (1) and a latching or clamping connection means between the screw housing (3) and filter insert (4). 3. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the legs (44) in their course have a radially outwardly jumping step (44 '). 4. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that with an axially outer end of the legs (44) a circumferential seal carrier (45) made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected. 5. Filter according to claim 4, characterized in that the seal carrier (45) has on its outer circumference a cylindrical surface on which a sealing ring is arranged floating as a seal (31). 6. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter (1) with the screw housing (3) screwed base plate (2), in which the central outlet opening (21) is formed, wherein the outlet opening (21) has an internal thread ( 22), by means of which the filter (1) on a part of the connecting flange (60) of the internal combustion engine forming threaded connector (61) with external thread (61 ') can be screwed. 7. Filter according to claim 6, characterized in that after an initial assembly of the filter (1) on the connecting flange (60) of the internal combustion engine, the screw housing (3) for maintenance purposes with the entrainment of the filter (4) and leaving all other parts of the filter ( 1) from the connecting flange (60) can be unscrewed. 8. Filter according to claim 6, characterized in that the underside of the legs (44) in the filter (1) built-filter insert (4) forms a Einschraubanschlag for the screw connection between the screw housing (3) and base plate (2). 9. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter (1) by means of the internal thread (33) of the screw housing (3) directly with an integral with the connecting flange (60) formed threaded connector (64) with a matching external thread (64 ') is screwed. 10. Filter according to claim 9, characterized in that after an initial assembly of the filter (1) on the connecting flange (60) of the internal combustion engine, the screw housing (3) for maintenance purposes with the entrainment of the filter (4) and leaving all other parts of the filter ( 1) from the connecting flange (60) can be unscrewed. 1 1. Filter according to Claim 9, characterized in that the filter insert (4) has a central opening (42 ') in a connection flange-side end disk (42), by means of which the filter insert (4) sealingly bears directly on a central connecting piece (65) of the connecting flange (60 ) or on a with the connecting piece (65) connectable, a part of the filter (1) forming the intermediate nozzle (66) can be plugged. 12. Filter according to claim 1, characterized in that in the filter (1) a filter bypass valve (5) is integrated. 13. Filter according to claim 12, characterized in that the filter bypass valve (5) of an axially fixed annular valve seat (50) and a relative to the valve seat (50) in the axial direction of the filter (1) on the valve seat (50) movably guided, in the closing direction biased annular valve body (51), wherein the valve body (51) in the closing direction biasing spring (52) between the valve body (51) and one from the valve seat (50) towards the interior of the screw housing (3) extending, with the valve seat (50) axially fixedly connected valve holder (53) is arranged and wherein the filter element (4) in the assembled state of the filter (1) the spring (52) at its end remote from the valve body (51) end directly or indirectly supporting and biasing Spring support (47). 14. The filter according to claim 13, characterized in that the valve holder (53) is designed circumferentially closed and at its from the valve seat (50). at least one clean oil passage opening (54) to the central outlet opening (21) and that between the spring (52) and the at least one clean oil passage opening (54) by the spring (52) acted upon in the closing direction cover body (55) is arranged, via which in the assembled state of the filter (1) the spring support (47) through the at least one clean oil passage (54) through the spring (52) supported and which closes with screw housing (3) and filter insert (4) which closes at least one clean oil passage (54). 15. Filter according to claim 13, characterized in that the spring support (47) with an inside in the filter insert (4) arranged supporting body (46) made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected and that the supporting body (46) with the / a connection flange side end plate (42) of the filter insert (4) made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected or between two end plates (41, 42) of the filter insert (4) is axially enclosed. 16. Filter according to claim 14, characterized in that the spring support (47) by an arrangement of two or more axial arms (48) on the support body (46) is formed, extending from the filter insert (4) in the direction of the spring (52 ). 17. Filter according to claim 16, characterized in that the valve holder (53) has an axially to the interior of the screw housing (3) facing first contact projection (53 '), that one of the arms (48) has an oppositely facing second contact projection (48'. ) and that during screwing of the screw housing (3) to the base plate (2) or to the connecting flange (60) by means of the contact projections (48 ', 53') with relative rotation of the filter insert (4) and valve holder (53) this relative in the circumferential direction are positionally positionable so that the arms (48) pass through the at least one clean oil passage opening (54) forcibly axially. 18. Filter according to claim 17, characterized in that the spring support (47) relative to the other filter insert (4) and / or the valve holder (53) relative to the valve seat (50) are rotatable / is. 19. Filter according to claim 6, characterized in that on the underside of the base plate (2) seen in the radial direction between the external thread (23) and the at least one decentralized inlet opening (20) a return lock ring (25) is tightly mounted or formed, with its from the base plate (2) remote edge (25 ') extends under the legs (44) through into contact with the inner circumference of the seal (31) and / or mounted in the attached to the flange of the filter (1) with its from the Base plate (2) remote edge (25 ') against the connecting flange axially seals. 20. Filter according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one non-rotational locking element (26) on the base plate (2) or directly or indirectly connected to the base plate (2), which in screwed to the threaded connector (61) base plate ( 2) secures them against loosening. 21. Filter insert (4), which cooperates with a filter (1) according to one of claims 1 to 20 and in a screw housing (3) of the filter (1) a crude oil side (1 1) from a clean oil side (12) separably attachable,  characterized,  in that the filter element (4) has an arrangement of at least two legs (44) extending axially away from the filter element (4) as radial positioning means for the filter element (4) in the screw housing (3), the legs (44) being in the assembled state the filter (1) in or by according to the number and arrangement of the legs (44) executed threaded interruptions (34) in an internal thread (33) of the screw housing (3) or in a mating thread (23, 64 ') extend thereto. 22. Filter element according to claim 21, characterized in that the legs (44) each have at least one bead (49) or nubs (49 ') or a curvature (49 ") in their course, the / in the filter (1 ) built-in filter insert (4) Axialpositioniermittel for the filter element (4) relative to the other filter (1) and / or a latching or clamping connection means between the screw housing (3) and filter insert (4). 23. Filter insert according to claim 21, characterized in that the legs (44) have in their course a radially outwardly jumping step (44 '). 24. Filter insert according to claim 21, characterized in that with an axially outer end of the legs (44) a circumferential seal carrier (45) made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected. 25. Filter insert according to claim 24, characterized in that the seal carrier (45) has on its outer circumference a cylindrical surface on which a seal (31) is arranged floating or attachable as a seal (31). 26. A filter insert according to claim 21, which cooperates with a filter (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the filter insert (4) has a spring support (47) and in that in the screw housing (3) built-in state of the filter insert (4 ) a spring (52) of the filter bypass valve (5) at its end remote from a valve body (51) end by means of the spring support (47) of the filter insert (4) can be supported and biased. 27. A filter insert according to claim 26, characterized in that the spring support (47) with an inside in the filter element (4) arranged supporting body (46) is made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected and that the support body (46) between two end plates (41, 42) of the filter insert (4) arranged axially fixed or with a connection flange-side end plate (42) of the filter insert (4) made in one piece or fixed or detachably connected. 28. Filter insert according to claim 26, characterized in that the spring support (47) by an end plate (42) of the filter insert (4) or on an end plate (42) of the filter insert (4) is provided. 29. Filter insert according to claim 26, characterized in that it can be produced with different axial length or different axial position of its spring support (47) and that thereby a bias of the spring (52) and so an opening pressure of the filter bypass valve (5) is variable. 30. A filter cartridge according to claim 26, characterized in that the spring support (47) is formed by an arrangement of two or more axial arms (48) on the support body (46) extending away from the filter cartridge (4). 31. A filter cartridge according to claim 30, characterized in that the arms (48) forming the spring support (47) are shaped and arranged according to the shape and arrangement of the at least one clean oil passage (54) in the valve holder (53) of the filter bypass valve (5) such that they can be passed through the at least one clean oil passage opening (54) during assembly of the filter (1) and form with this a key lock coding.