WO2015146394A1 - Sb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット - Google Patents
Sb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015146394A1 WO2015146394A1 PCT/JP2015/054712 JP2015054712W WO2015146394A1 WO 2015146394 A1 WO2015146394 A1 WO 2015146394A1 JP 2015054712 W JP2015054712 W JP 2015054712W WO 2015146394 A1 WO2015146394 A1 WO 2015146394A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
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- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
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- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
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- B22F3/10—Sintering only
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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- B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an Sb—Te base alloy sintered compact target suitable for forming a phase change recording layer, and more particularly, an Sb—Te base alloy sintered compact with less abnormal discharge and generation of particles due to oxygen and oxide.
- the present invention relates to a sputtering target.
- a thin film made of an Sb—Te based alloy material has come to be used as a phase change recording material, that is, a medium for recording information using phase transformation.
- a method of forming a thin film made of this Sb—Te based alloy material it is usually performed by means generally called physical vapor deposition such as vacuum vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the magnetron sputtering method is often used in view of operability and film stability.
- a film is formed by sputtering, in which positive ions such as Ar ions are physically collided with a target placed on the cathode, and the material constituting the target is released by the collision energy, and the substrate on the anode side facing the target is released. This is done by stacking films having the same composition as the target material.
- the coating method by sputtering has a feature that a thin film in angstrom units to a thick film of several tens of ⁇ m can be formed at a stable film formation speed by adjusting the processing time, supply power, and the like.
- a particular problem is that abnormal structures such as nodules (abnormal protrusions) and craters (abnormal dents) are generated on the target surface.
- Micro arcing (abnormal discharge) occurs based on these, and these themselves are mixed into the thin film as a foreign substance in the form of a cluster (aggregate of atoms) called particles.
- cracking or cracking of the target may occur during sputtering, non-uniformity of the formed thin film may occur, and oxygen absorbed in a large amount in the manufacturing process of the sintered powder for the target.
- the gas components such as the above affect the film quality of the sputtered film.
- Such a problem in target or sputtering is a major cause of reducing the quality and yield of a thin film as a recording medium.
- an inert gas atomizing method is used for alloys such as Sb—Te alloy, Ge—Sb—Te alloy, In—Sb—Te alloy, and Ag—Sb—Te alloy.
- alloys such as Sb—Te alloy, Ge—Sb—Te alloy, In—Sb—Te alloy, and Ag—Sb—Te alloy.
- a rapidly cooled powder is prepared, and these are uniformly mixed, followed by pressure sintering to produce a sputtering target having the above composition.
- the following document 1 describes “Sb—Te alloy powder for sintering, characterized in that the maximum particle size of the powder obtained by further mechanically pulverizing the gas atomized powder of Sb—Te alloy is 90 ⁇ m or less, and this powder.
- the maximum particle size of the powder obtained by further mechanically pulverizing the gas atomized powder of Sb—Te alloy is 90 ⁇ m or less, and this powder.
- Reference 2 below describes “from Sb—Te based alloy powder for sintering and Sb—Te based alloy, characterized in that it is composed of a powder having an average particle size of 0.1 to 200 ⁇ m and an oxygen content of 1000 wtppm or less.
- a sintered compact target comprising an Sb—Te alloy, characterized in that the oxygen content is 1000 wtppm or less, the bending strength is 50 MPa or more, and the relative density is 99% or more.
- Te-based alloy sputtering target structure Uniform and refinement of the Te-based alloy sputtering target structure, suppresses the generation of cracks in the sintered target, prevents arcing during sputtering, reduces surface irregularities due to sputter erosion, and has good quality Sb -Obtain a Te-based alloy sputtering target ".
- This document 2 describes that oxygen is 1000 wtppm.
- the target is composed of one of Se and Te. It is composed of a chalcogenide-based alloy containing the above, and the concentration of oxygen contained is 800 ppm or less, and the method for producing a target comprises melting a mixture of the above composition and casting the melt to obtain a chalcogenide-based alloy, It is described that the alloy is characterized by being pulverized in an inert atmosphere and then shaped and sintered. This target forms a sputtering film with a low oxygen concentration and suppresses the oxidation rate of the film.
- the adhesion strength of the film and the protective film can be increased, and the above manufacturing method can obtain a uniform alloy phase, prevent oxidation in the pulverization step, It is possible to lower the concentration of oxygen contained in Tsu and. Has been described as ". Paragraph 0046 describes that the oxygen content of the conventional target was 2000 to 3000 ppm.
- Reference 4 below describes a “sputtering target using atomized powder consisting of substantially spherical particles of an Sb—Te alloy, which is formed of flattened particles obtained by crushing the spherical atomized powder.
- Sb—Te alloy sintered compact target characterized in that particles having a minor axis to major axis ratio (flatness) of 0.6 or less occupy 50% or more of the whole.
- the Sb—T e-based alloy sintered body target characterized in that particles that are aligned within ⁇ 45 ° in a direction parallel to the target surface occupy 60% or more of the target, wherein the oxygen concentration in the target is 1500 wtppm or less.
- the Sb—Te alloy-based sintered sintered target is characterized in that the Sb—Te alloy sputtering target has a uniform and fine structure and suppresses the generation of cracks in the sintered target. , To prevent the occurrence of arcing during sputtering. Further, to reduce the unevenness of the surface by sputter erosion, obtaining a Sb-Te based alloy sputtering target of good quality. "It has been described. In the comparative example, a target oxygen concentration of 1800 wtppm is described.
- the following document 5 describes that the Sb—Te based alloy sintered sputtering target has a gas component content of 1500 ppm or less
- the following document 6 describes the Ge—In—Sb—Te sputtering target. Comparative examples with oxygen of 2000 wtppm and 2500 wtppm are described.
- Reference 7 below describes that the Ge—Sb—Te target contains 0.3 to 1.5% oxygen.
- Reference 8 below describes a sintered compact target having an oxygen concentration of 5000 ppm or more.
- Document 9 and Document 10 disclose techniques for containing Si in the Sb—Te based alloy sintered sputtering target.
- the Sb—Te alloy target containing oxygen at a concentration of about 1000 to 15000 ppm (1.5%) is a known technique.
- there is no technique for improving the characteristics of the Sb—Te alloy target by containing fine oxide particles and there is a problem that the diversity of the Sb—Te alloy target is lacking.
- the present invention relates to an Sb—Te base alloy sintered body target used for forming a phase change recording layer or the like, and causes abnormal discharge (arcing), nodule generation, particle generation, target due to oxides, and the like.
- the target which can suppress effectively the generation
- the technical means for solving the above problems is that a stable and homogeneous Sb—Te base alloy sintered body target is obtained by adding a certain amount of oxygen and oxide and devising the structure and characteristics of the target.
- the knowledge that it can be obtained was acquired. Specifically, by controlling the amount of oxygen and oxide constituting the target, the characteristics of the target are improved, and the characteristics of a stable Sb—Te based alloy are improved. Further, by improving the uniformity and miniaturization of the oxide, the characteristics of the target can be improved and stable sputtering can be realized.
- the present invention is as follows. 1) Sputtering target comprising Sb content of 10 to 60 at%, Te content of 20 to 60 at%, balance of one or more elements selected from Ag, In and Ge and inevitable impurities An Sb—Te-based alloy sintered sputtering target, characterized in that the average particle size of the oxide is 0.5 ⁇ m or less. 2) The Sb—Te-based alloy sintered sputtering target according to 1) above, wherein the maximum particle size of the oxide is 1.5 ⁇ m or less. 3) The Sb—Te-based alloy sintered sputtering target according to 1) or 2) above, wherein the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is 0.5% or less of the total number of oxide particles.
- 0.1 to 5 mol% of an oxide composed of one or more elements selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Ce, and Cd is contained.
- the Sb—Te base alloy sintered body of the present invention is to improve the characteristics of the Sb—Te base alloy by controlling the amount of oxygen and the oxide constituting the target. That is, the uniformity of the oxygen concentration is achieved and the oxide particles are made finer, so that the characteristics of the target can be improved and stable sputtering can be realized. As a result, it is possible to prevent abnormal discharge starting from the oxide, to suppress generation of particles due to arcing, and to further improve the uniformity of the sputtered film.
- the Sb—Te based alloy sintered sputtering target of the present invention has an Sb content of 10 to 60 at%, a Te content of 20 to 60 at%, the balance being one or more elements selected from Ag, In, and Ge and unavoidable It consists of a sputtering target made of impurities.
- a phase change recording material that is, as a medium for recording information using phase transformation.
- suitable materials and component compositions are shown.
- the maximum particle size of the oxide is 1.5 ⁇ m or less and the average particle size is 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is desirably 1.5% or less, more preferably 0.5% or less of the total number of oxide particles.
- the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is 1.5% or less of the total number of oxide particles, and further 0.5% or less, it is assumed that the number of oxide particles is specifically in the field of view. Then, it can be measured by the method. That is, in the cross section of the target, a field of view of 2000 times is observed with an SEM (scanning electron microscope). The maximum particle diameter, the number of particles exceeding 1 ⁇ m, and the total number of particles in this field of view are measured. The particle diameter is measured as the diameter of a circle whose maximum diameter is a circle. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the bias within the target, as shown in FIG. 1, the same measurement is performed at four locations on the cross section, and the average value of the four locations is calculated.
- the present invention can further contain 30 at% or less of one or more elements selected from Ga, Ti, Au, Pt, Pd, Bi, B, C, Mo, and Si as subcomponents.
- These components also show suitable materials and component compositions (including composition ranges) when used as phase change recording materials, that is, as media for recording information using phase transformation. Also in this case, it can be arbitrarily selected and added according to the use form of the thin film made of the phase change recording material.
- these elements are also elements that form oxides like Ag, In, and Ge, and are therefore selected from Ga, Ti, Au, Pt, Pd, Bi, B, C, Mo, and Si.
- the oxide particles of the above elements can be contained in the Sb—Te based alloy sintered body sputtering target. And in this case as well, in order to refine these oxide particles, the average particle diameter is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the maximum particle diameter of the oxide is 1.5 ⁇ m or less, and the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is It is desirable that it is 0.5% or less of the total number of oxide particles.
- the average oxygen content is preferably 1500-2500 wtppm.
- the presence of oxygen improves the thermal stability of sputtering film formation, while oxide particles composed of constituent elements and oxygen are generated in the target.
- the oxide particles can cause abnormal discharge. Therefore, the oxygen content is preferably in the above range.
- the oxygen amount in the target may have a concentration difference depending on the location. In many places, it may reach 3500 ppm. Since it is not preferable that there is a concentration difference due to the uniformity of the sputtering film, it can be said that it is desirable to set it to 2000 wtppm or less.
- the measurement of oxygen is performed at any four locations (the same location shown in FIG. 1) of the target cross section, and the average oxygen concentration at the four locations, the maximum oxygen concentration among the four locations, and the oxygen concentration between the four locations.
- the maximum difference is calculated and specified, respectively, and the average content, maximum content, and concentration difference of oxygen are used.
- the analysis of oxygen can be carried out using an analyzer manufactured by LECO which is often used in the fields of carbon, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen analysis.
- the present invention contains 0.1 to 5 mol% of an oxide composed of one or more elements selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Ce, and Cd. be able to.
- the presence of the oxide improves the thermal stability of the sputtering film formation. However, the presence of excess tends to cause abnormal discharge, so the oxide is desirably 5 mol% or less. Moreover, if it is less than 0.1 mol%, since there is no effect, it is set as said range.
- These oxides are also preferably finely dispersed.
- the average particle size is 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the maximum particle size of the oxide is 1.5 ⁇ m or less, and the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is the total number of oxide particles. It is desirable that it is 0.5% or less.
- an Sb—Te based alloy Next, a preferred example of production of an Sb—Te based alloy will be shown.
- a raw material shot of each constituent element is weighed, the particle size is adjusted in order to suppress excessive oxidation (usually 5 mm or less), and the Sb—Te group obtained by fine pulverization using a jet mill or the like.
- Use alloy powder Next, these powders are vacuum-dissolved by holding them at 950 ° C. for 10 minutes in a melting furnace which is evacuated (normally evacuated to 8.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less). Thereafter, gas atomization is performed to a particle size of about 20 ⁇ m using high-purity Ar gas.
- the oxide in the powder In order to refine and uniformly disperse the oxide in the powder, it is subjected to jet mill grinding. As a result, the average particle size is usually 2 ⁇ m, the maximum crystal particle size is 5 ⁇ m, and the oxygen content is 1500-2800 wtppm. Hot pressing is performed using this raw material powder.
- the conditions for hot pressing are usually a vacuum, a heating rate of 5 to 10 ° C./min, a final temperature of 400 to 600 ° C., a press pressure of 200 to 400 kgf / cm 2 , and a target. Is made.
- the average particle diameter of the oxide is 0.5 ⁇ m or less and the number of oxide particles of 1 ⁇ m or more is all oxide particles according to the conditions of the present invention.
- the Sb—Te based alloy sintered sputtering target is manufactured so that the average particle diameter is 0.5% or less and the average particle diameter is 2 to 5 ⁇ m. Further, the Sb—Te-based alloy sintered sputtering target is manufactured so that the average oxygen content is 1500 to 2500 wtppm.
- the target conditions are indispensable for suitably suppressing the generation of particles, abnormal discharge (arcing), generation of nodules, and cracks or cracks in the target during sputtering. Sputtering using a target with this condition makes it possible to form a more uniform film than in the past.
- the cause of particle generation is greatly affected by the diameter of the oxide particles contained in the Sb—Te base alloy target and the oxygen concentration.
- the target conditions have the effect of greatly suppressing arcing and particle generation.
- the surface of the eroded target can be made smooth even after erosion, and redeposits adhere to the irregularities generated on the previous erosion surface. There is an advantage that particles generated by growing into nodules and collapsing can be suppressed.
- the Sb—Te based alloy sintered sputtering target of the present invention contains one or more elements selected from Ga, Ti, Au, Pt, Pd, Bi, B, C, Mo, and Si as subcomponents. Can be made. This is preferably introduced into the raw material at the stage of gas atomization.
- the oxide which consists of 1 or more types of elements selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Ce, and Cd can be contained. This is preferably added to the raw material at a stage after jet milling.
- the main component has a purity of 4N or more. And it becomes possible to prevent arcing by this impurity effectively, and generation
- the purity is preferably 5N or more.
- Example 1-1 As shown in Table 1, each raw material shot of Te, Sb, Ge having a purity excluding gas components of 99.999% (5N) is Ge: 9.5 at%, Sb: 55.1 at%, Te: 35 .4 at%.
- the raw material was selected to have a particle size of 5 mm or less for the purpose of preventing oxidation.
- these powders were high-frequency melted by being held at 950 ° C. for 10 minutes in a melting furnace evacuated to a vacuum degree of 8.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less. After dissolution, gas atomization was performed using high-purity Ar gas with a target particle size of 20 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.2 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 53, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-2 A sintered body was produced with the composition shown in Table 1 under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 1-1.
- the average oxygen concentration of the obtained target was 1600 ppm, the maximum value of oxygen concentration was 2500 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1300 ppm.
- As the oxide Sb 2 O 3 and GeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles when the target thus obtained was sputtered was 37, and the number of particles was further reduced as compared with Example 1, which was a good result.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-3 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that In was added. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 1800 ppm, the maximum concentration was 2000 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1500 ppm. As oxides, GeO 2 and TeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.3 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.1% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 80, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-4 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that In was added instead of Ge.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 2500 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 3500 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 2000 ppm.
- the oxide In 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 , and TeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.3 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 66, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-5 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that the composition ratio was changed to Ge: 70.5, Sb: 10.5, and Te: 19.0. did. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 1600 ppm, the maximum concentration was 3000 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1000 ppm. GeO 2 was confirmed as the oxide. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 61, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-6 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that Ag was added instead of Ge. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 2000 ppm, the maximum concentration was 3500 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 500 ppm. As the oxide, Ag 2 O, Sb 2 O 3 , and TeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 75, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1--7 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that Bi was added. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 2300 ppm, the maximum concentration was 3400 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1700 ppm. As the oxide, Bi 2 O 3 , GeO 2 , and TeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.2 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 79, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-8 As shown in Table 1, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that part of Ge was replaced with Ga.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 1900 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 2600 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 800 ppm.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.9 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 48, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 1-9 As shown in Table 1, Sb: 20.0 at%, Te: 55.0 at%, Ge: 15.0 at%, Si: 10.0 at% were used as raw materials under the same conditions as in Example 1-1. A sintered body was prepared. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 1700 ppm, the maximum concentration was 2000 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 900 ppm. TeO 2 and SiO 2 were confirmed as oxides. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.0 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 31, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 1-10 As shown in Table 1, Sb: 18.9 at%, Te: 47.2 at%, Ge: 18.9 at%, C: 15.0 at% were used as raw materials under the same conditions as in Example 1-1. A sintered body was prepared. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 2200 ppm, the maximum concentration was 3200 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1000 ppm. As oxides, GeO 2 and TeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 52, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 1-11 As shown in Table 1, Sb: 18.9 at%, Te: 47.2 at%, Ge: 18.9 at%, B: 15.0 at% were used as raw materials under the same conditions as in Example 1-1. A sintered body was prepared. When the target thus obtained was evaluated, the average value of oxygen concentration was 2100 ppm, the maximum concentration was 2900 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 900 ppm. As oxides, GeO 2 and TeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.4 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 68, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 1-12 As shown in Table 1, Sb: 60.0 at%, Te: 22.0 at%, Ge: 10.0 at%, Ti: 8.0 at% were used as raw materials under the same conditions as in Example 1-1. A sintered body was prepared. When the target thus obtained was evaluated, the average value of oxygen concentration was 2400 ppm, the maximum concentration was 3600 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1500 ppm. As the oxide, Sb 2 O 3 and TiO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.5 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 54, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 1-13 As shown in Table 1, Sb: 60.0 at%, Te: 22.0 at%, Ge: 10.0 at%, Mo: 8.0 at% were used as raw materials under the same conditions as in Example 1-1. A sintered body was prepared. Evaluation of the target thus obtained revealed that the average value of oxygen concentration was 1800 ppm, the maximum concentration was 2700 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1200 ppm. As the oxide, Sb 2 O 3 and MoO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.0 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles. In addition, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 65, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 1-1 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-1 except that the amount of oxygen in the target was increased by leaving the raw material powder in the atmosphere for 6 hours or more. The target thus obtained was evaluated. As shown in Table 1, the average value of oxygen concentration was 5000 ppm, the maximum concentration was 10,000 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 1800 ppm. As the oxide, Sb 2 O 3 and GeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.5 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 2.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.6% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 434, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-2 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 1-2, except that the amount of oxygen in the target was reduced by subjecting the raw material powder to a hydrogen reduction treatment. The target thus obtained was evaluated. As shown in Table 1, the average value of oxygen concentration was 500 ppm, the maximum concentration was 1000 ppm, and the difference in oxygen concentration was 800 ppm. As the oxide, Sb 2 O 3 and GeO 2 were confirmed. The average particle size of the oxide was 0.6 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 2.4 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.65% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 408, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-3 The production conditions were the same as in Example 1-3, except that the raw material powder was left in the atmosphere for 6 hours or more and mixed with the powder produced in the normal process, and the amount of oxygen in the target, maximum oxygen concentration, oxygen concentration All differences increased.
- the target thus obtained was evaluated.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 4000 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 6000 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 3500 ppm.
- oxides GeO 2 and TeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.6 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 2.8 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 458, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-4 The production conditions were the same as in Example 1-4 except that the powder produced in the normal process and the hydrogen-reduced powder were mixed, and the difference in the oxygen content, maximum oxygen concentration, and oxygen concentration in the target increased. did.
- the target thus obtained was evaluated.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 3000 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 4000 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 4000 ppm.
- As the oxide In 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 , and TeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.5% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 416, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-5 The production conditions were the same as in Example 1-5 except that the raw material powder was left in the atmosphere for 6 hours or more, and the oxygen amount in the target, the maximum oxygen concentration, and the difference in oxygen concentration all increased.
- the target thus obtained was evaluated.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 3500 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 5000 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 1800 ppm.
- GeO 2 was confirmed as the oxide.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.8 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 314, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1-6 The production conditions were the same as in Example 1-6 except that the raw material powder was left in the atmosphere for 6 hours or more and mixed with the powder produced in the usual process, and the amount of oxygen in the target, the maximum oxygen concentration, Any difference in oxygen concentration increased.
- the target thus obtained was evaluated.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 10000 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 15000 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 8000 ppm.
- As the oxide Ag 2 O, Sb 2 O 3 , and TeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 2.4 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% with respect to the total number of particles. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 354, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 1--7 The production conditions were the same as in Example 1-7, except that the raw material powder was left in the atmosphere for 6 hours or longer and mixed with the powder produced in the normal process, and the oxygen content in the target, the maximum oxygen concentration, Any difference in oxygen concentration increased.
- the target thus obtained was evaluated.
- the average value of oxygen concentration was 6300 ppm
- the maximum concentration was 9400 ppm
- the difference in oxygen concentration was 4000 ppm.
- As the oxide Bi 2 O 3 , Ge 2 O 2 and TeO 2 were confirmed.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.6 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 2.5 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.6% with respect to the total number of particles.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 398, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Table 1 also shows the main oxides present in the target.
- Example 2-1 Each raw material shot of Te, Sb, and Ge having a purity of 99.999% (5N) excluding gas components was weighed so that Ge: 9.5, Sb: 55.1, and Te: 35.4. The raw material was selected to have a particle size of 5 mm or less for the purpose of preventing oxidation. Next, these powders were high-frequency melted by being held at 950 ° C. for 10 minutes in a melting furnace evacuated to a vacuum degree of 8.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less. After dissolution, gas atomization was performed using high-purity Ar gas with a target particle size of 20 ⁇ m.
- Example 2-2 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that SiO 2 was not added.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.0 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 59, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 2-3 In was added, the composition ratio was changed to Ge: 16.0, In: 9.1, Sb: 16.1, Te: 53.8, and 3 mol% of SiO 2 was added. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2-1.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.5 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.8 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.1% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 75, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 2-4 In was added instead of Ge, the composition ratio was changed to In: 11.2, Sb: 33.5, Te: 50.3, and 4 mol% of SiO 2 was added. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2-1.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 60, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2-5 The composition ratio was changed to Ge: 70.5, Sb: 10.5, Te: 19.0, and 2 mol% of TiO 2 was added. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2-1.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.45 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.5 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 83, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 2-6 The composition ratio was changed to Ag: 21.1, Sb: 21.1, Te: 52.8, and 1 mol% of MgO 2 was added. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2-1.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.7 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.5% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 61, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2--7 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that Al 2 O 3 was added instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.1 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.6 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 64, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2-8 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that ZrO 2 was added instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.9 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 73, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 2-9 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that Nb 2 O 5 was added instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.5% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 79, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2-10 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that HfO 2 was added instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.2 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 0.8 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.3% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 62, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2-11 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that Ta 2 O 5 was added instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.0 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 62, which was a target of 100 or less, which was a good result.
- Example 2-12 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-1, except that Nb 2 O 5 and Ta 2 O 5 were added at a ratio of 1: 1 instead of SiO 2 .
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.3 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.0 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 75, which was 100 or less, which was a favorable result.
- Example 2-1 The amount of SiO 2 added was increased to 6 mol%, and the particle size of the oxide was increased. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same manufacturing conditions as in Example 2-1.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.7 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.8 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.6% of the total number of particles. there were. Further, the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 382, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Comparative Example 2-2 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Comparative Example 2-1, except that no SiO 2 was added.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.8 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.9 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.65% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 429, greatly exceeding the target of 100 or less.
- Example 2-3 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-3 except that the addition amount of SiO 2 was reduced to 0.08 mol%.
- the average particle size of the oxide was 0.05 ⁇ m
- the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m
- the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.2% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering was 74, which was the target of 100 or less, the thermal stability of the film could not be obtained.
- Example 2-13 The particle size of the oxide was made coarse by selecting the particle size of the raw material powder. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 42-. As a result of observing the cross section of the target thus obtained, the average particle size of the oxide was 1.0 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 2.5 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.7% of the total number of particles. there were.
- the number of particles at the time of sputtering is 124, which is greatly reduced as compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3 described above. However, when compared with Examples 1 to 12, it is slightly increased from the target of 100, and it is understood that it is necessary to adjust the particle diameter of the oxide to be added according to the purpose and application.
- Example 2-14 The particle size of the additive element TiO 2 was made coarse by selecting the particle size of the raw material powder. Otherwise, a sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-5. As a result of observing the cross section of the target thus obtained, the average particle size of the oxide was 0.6 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 2.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.4% of the total number of particles. there were. The number of particles at the time of sputtering is 148, which is greatly reduced as compared with Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. However, as compared with Examples 2-1 to 2-12, the number is slightly increased from the target of 100, so that the particle diameter of the oxide to be added is changed according to the purpose and application as in Example 13. It can be seen that adjustment is necessary.
- Example 2-15 A sintered body was produced under the same production conditions as in Example 2-6 except that only the hot press temperature was increased by 30 ° C. As a result of observing the cross section of the target thus obtained, the average particle size of the oxide was 0.9 ⁇ m, the maximum particle size was 1.1 ⁇ m, and the number of particles of 1 ⁇ m or more was 0.65% of the total number of particles. there were. The number of particles at the time of sputtering is 116, which is greatly reduced as compared with Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3. However, as compared with Examples 2-1 to 2-12, the number is slightly higher than the target of 100, so that, as in Example 2-13, the oxide particles to be added depending on the purpose and application It can be seen that it is necessary to adjust the diameter.
- the Sb—Te based alloy sintered body was selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Cu, Y, Zr, Nb, Hf, Ta, Ce, and Cd. It can be seen that inclusion of an appropriate amount of an oxide composed of more than one element can suppress the generation of particles during sputtering and is effective in improving the uniformity of the sputtered film. Further, this effect can be further improved by adjusting the particle diameter of the oxide.
- the Sb—Te base alloy sintered body of the present invention is improved in the characteristics of the Sb—Te base alloy by controlling the oxide particles and the oxygen amount constituting the target. It is to be. That is, by reducing the size of the oxide particles and making the oxygen concentration uniform, the characteristics of the target can be improved and stable sputtering can be realized. As a result, it is possible to prevent abnormal discharge starting from the oxide, to suppress generation of particles due to arcing, and to further improve the uniformity of the sputtered film.
- the present invention is extremely useful as a phase change recording material, that is, a medium for recording information using phase transformation.
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Abstract
Description
スパッタリング法による被覆法は処理時間や供給電力等を調節することによって、安定した成膜速度でオングストローム単位の薄い膜から数十μmの厚い膜まで形成できるという特徴を有している。
また、スパッタリングの際にターゲットのクラック又は割れが発生すること、さらには形成された薄膜の不均一性が発生したりすること、この他ターゲット用焼結粉の製造工程で多量に吸収された酸素等のガス成分がスパッタ膜の膜質に影響を与えることなどが挙げられる。
このようなターゲット又はスパッタリングの際の問題は、記録媒体である薄膜の品質や歩留まりを低下させる大きな原因となっている。
一般に、これらのSb-Te基合金系スパッタリング用ターゲットでは、酸素を少なくすることが必要であると認識されていたが、最近では一定量の酸素を含有させる技術も開示されている。以下に、酸素を含有するSb-Te基合金系スパッタリング用ターゲットの公開技術を紹介する。
1)Sb含有量が10~60at%、Te含有量が20~60at%、残部がAg、In、Geから選択した一種以上の元素及び不可避的不純物からなるスパッタリングターゲットであって、酸化物の平均粒径が0.5μm以下であることを特徴とするSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット、を提供する。
2)酸化物の最大粒径が、1.5μm以下であることを特徴とする上記1)に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
3)1μm以上の酸化物粒子数が、全酸化物粒子数の0.5%以下であることを特徴とする上記1)又は2)に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
4)さらに、Ga、Ti、Au、Pt、Pd、Bi、B、C、Mo、Siから選択した一種以上の元素を30at%以下含有することを特徴とする上記1)~3)のいずれか一に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
5)さらに酸化物として、Ga、Ti、Au、Pt、Pd、Bi、B、C、Mo、Siから選択した一種以上の元素の酸化物を含有することを特徴とする上記1)~4)のいずれか一に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
6)ターゲット中の酸素の平均含有量が1500~2500wtppmであることを特徴とする上記1)~5)のいずれか一に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
7)ターゲット中の酸素の最大含有量が3500ppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1)~6)のいずれか一に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
8)ターゲット中の酸素の濃度差が2000wtppm以下であることを特徴とする上記1)~7)のいずれか一に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
9)さらに、Mg、Al、Si、Ti、Cu、Y、Zr、Nb、Hf、Ta、Ce、Cdから選択した1種以上の元素からなる酸化物が0.1~5mol%含有することを特徴とする上記1)~5)のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
表1に示すように、ガス成分を除く純度が99.999%(5N)であるTe,Sb,Geの各原料ショットを、Ge:9.5at%、Sb:55.1at%、Te:35.4at%、となるように秤量した。原料は、酸化防止の目的で粒径が5mm以下のものを選定した。次に、これら粉末を真空度8.5×10-3Pa以下まで真空引きした溶解炉にて950℃10分間保持して高周波溶解した。溶解後、高純度Arガスを用いて粒径20μmを目標としてガスアトマイズを施した。
このようにして得られたターゲットを、上記のような評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2000ppm、最大濃度は3000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1200ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、GeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.2μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は53個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すような組成にて、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。得られたターゲットの平均酸素濃度は1600ppm、酸素濃度の最大値は2500ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1300ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、GeO2が確認された。また、酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。
このようにして得られたターゲットのスパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は37個と、実施例1よりもパーティクル数がさらに減少し、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、Inを添加したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は1800ppm、最大濃度は2000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1500ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.3μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.1%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は80個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、Geの代わりにInを添加したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2500ppm、最大濃度は3500ppm、酸素濃度の差異は2000ppmであった。酸化物としては、In2O3、Sb2O3、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.3μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は66個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、組成比をGe:70.5、Sb:10.5、Te:19.0に変更したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は1600ppm、最大濃度は3000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1000ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は61個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、Geの代わりにAgを添加したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2000ppm、最大濃度は3500ppm、酸素濃度の差異は500ppmであった。酸化物としては、Ag2O、Sb2O3、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は75個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、Biを添加したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2300ppm、最大濃度は3400ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1700ppmであった。酸化物としては、Bi2O3、GeO2、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.2μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は79個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
表1に示すように、Geの一部をGaに置換したこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は1900ppm、最大濃度は2600ppm、酸素濃度の差異は800ppmであった。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は0.9μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は48個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
表1に示すように、原料としてSb:20.0at%、Te:55.0at%、Ge:15.0at%、Si:10.0at%を使用し、実施例1-1と同様の条件で焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は1700ppm、最大濃度は2000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は900ppmであった。酸化物としては、TeO2、SiO2、が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.0μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は31個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
表1に示すように、原料としてSb:18.9at%、Te:47.2at%、Ge:18.9at%、C:15.0at%を使用し、実施例1-1と同様の条件で焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2200ppm、最大濃度は3200ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1000ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は52個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
表1に示すように、原料としてSb:18.9at%、Te:47.2at%、Ge:18.9at%、B:15.0at%を使用し、実施例1-1と同様の条件で焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2100ppm、最大濃度は2900ppm、酸素濃度の差異は900ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2、TeO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は1.4μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は68個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
表1に示すように、原料としてSb:60.0at%、Te:22.0at%、Ge:10.0at%、Ti:8.0at%を使用し、実施例1-1と同様の条件で焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は2400ppm、最大濃度は3600ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1500ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、TiO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は1.5μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は54個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
表1に示すように、原料としてSb:60.0at%、Te:22.0at%、Ge:10.0at%、Mo:8.0at%を使用し、実施例1-1と同様の条件で焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、酸素濃度の平均値は1800ppm、最大濃度は2700ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1200ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、MoO2が確認された。酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.0μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。
また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は65個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
原料粉を大気中に6時間以上放置することでターゲット中の酸素量を増加させたこと以外は、実施例1-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は5000ppm、最大濃度は10000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1800ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、GeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.5μm、最大粒径は2.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.6%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は434個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
原料粉に対し水素還元処理を施すことでターゲット中の酸素量を低下させたこと以外は、実施例1-2と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は500ppm、最大濃度は1000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は800ppmであった。酸化物としては、Sb2O3、GeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.6μm、最大粒径は2.4μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.65%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は408個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
原料粉を大気中に6時間以上放置し、更に通常の工程で製造した粉末と混合した以外は実施例1-3と同様の製造条件とし、ターゲット中の酸素量、最大酸素濃度、酸素濃度の差異いずれも増加した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は4000ppm、最大濃度は6000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は3500ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2、TeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.6μm、最大粒径は2.8μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は458個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
通常の工程で製造した粉末と水素還元処理した粉末を混合することとした以外は実施例1-4と同様の製造条件とし、ターゲット中の酸素量、最大酸素濃度、酸素濃度の差異いずれも増加した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は3000ppm、最大濃度は4000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は4000ppmであった。酸化物としては、In2O3、Sb2O3、TeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.5%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は416個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
原料粉を大気中に6時間以上放置することとした以外は実施例1-5と同様の製造条件とし、ターゲット中の酸素量、最大酸素濃度、酸素濃度の差異いずれも増加した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は3500ppm、最大濃度は5000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は1800ppmであった。酸化物としては、GeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.8μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は314個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
原料粉を大気中に6時間以上放置し、更に通常の工程で製造した粉末と混合することとした以外は実施例1-6と同様の製造条件とし、ターゲット中の酸素量、最大酸素濃度、酸素濃度の差異いずれも増加した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は10000ppm、最大濃度は15000ppm、酸素濃度の差異は8000ppmであった。酸化物としては、Ag2O、Sb2O3、TeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は2.4μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は354個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
原料粉を大気中に6時間以上放置し、更に通常の工程で製造した粉末と混合することとした以外は実施例1-7と同様の製造条件とし、ターゲット中の酸素量、最大酸素濃度、酸素濃度の差異いずれも増加した。このようにして得られたターゲットの評価を行ったところ、表1に示すように、酸素濃度の平均値は6300ppm、最大濃度は9400ppm、酸素濃度の差異は4000ppmであった。酸化物としては、Bi2O3、Ge2O2、TeO2が確認された。
酸化物の平均粒径は0.6μm、最大粒径は2.5μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.6%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は398個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。以上の結果を、表1に示す。表1には、ターゲット中に存在する主な酸化物も示す。
ガス成分を除く純度が99.999%(5N)であるTe,Sb,Geの各原料ショットを、Ge:9.5、Sb:55.1、Te:35.4となるように秤量した。原料は、酸化防止の目的で粒径が5mm以下のものを選定した。次に、これら粉末を真空度8.5×10-3Pa以下まで真空引きした溶解炉にて950℃10分間保持して高周波溶解した。溶解後、高純度Arガスを用いて粒径20μmを目標としてガスアトマイズを施した。
このようにして得られたターゲットを、上記のような評価を行ったところ、酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.3μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は42個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2を添加しない以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は1.0μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は59個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
Inを添加し、組成比をGe:16.0、In:9.1、Sb:16.1、Te:53.8に変更、SiO2を3mol%添加した。それ以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.5μm、最大粒径は0.8μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.1%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は75個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
Geに代わってInを添加し、組成比をIn:11.2、Sb:33.5、Te:50.3に変更、SiO2を4mol%添加した。それ以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は60個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
組成比をGe:70.5、Sb:10.5、Te:19.0に変更、TiO2を2mol%添加した。それ以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.45μm、最大粒径は0.5μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は83個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
組成比をAg:21.1、Sb:21.1、Te:52.8に変更、MgO2を1mol%添加した。それ以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は0.7μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.5%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は61個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにAl2O3を添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.1μm、最大粒径は0.6μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は64個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにZrO2を添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は0.9μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は73個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにNb2O5を添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.5%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は79個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにHfO2を添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.2μm、最大粒径は0.8μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.3%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は62個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにTa2O5を添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は1.0μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は62個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の代わりにNb2O5とTa2O5を比率1:1で添加したこと以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.3μm、最大粒径は1.0μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は75個と、目標の100個以下となり、良好な結果であった。
SiO2の添加量を6mol%まで増加、更には酸化物の粒径を増加させた。それ以外は、実施例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.7μm、最大粒径は1.8μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.6%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は382個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。
SiO2を添加しなかったこと以外は、比較例2-1と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.8μm、最大粒径は1.9μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.65%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は429個と、目標の100個以下を大きく上回ってしまった。
SiO2の添加量を0.08mol%まで減らしたこと以外は、実施例2-3と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.05μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.2%であった。また、スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は74個と、目標の100個以下とはなったものの、膜の熱的安定性が得られなかった。
原料粉の粒径を選定することで、酸化物の粒径を粗くした。それ以外は、実施例42-と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は1.0μm、最大粒径は2.5μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.7%であった。スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は124個と、上記比較例1~3に比べてパーティクル数が大きく低減している。しかし、実施例1~12と対比すると、目標の100個よりもやや増加しているので、目的・用途に応じて、添加する酸化物の粒子径を調整することが必要であることが分かる。
添加元素であるTiO2を、原料粉の粒径を選定することで粒径を粗くした。それ以外は、実施例2-5と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.6μm、最大粒径は2.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.4%であった。スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は148個と、上記比較例2-1~2-3に比べてパーティクル数が大きく低減している。しかし、実施例2-1~2-12と対比すると、目標の100個よりもやや増加しているので、実施例13と同様に、目的・用途に応じて、添加する酸化物の粒子径を調整することが必要であることが分かる。
ホットプレス温度のみを30℃高くし、それ以外は、実施例2-6と同様の製造条件として焼結体を作成した。このようにして得られたターゲットの断面を観察した結果、酸化物の平均粒径は0.9μm、最大粒径は1.1μm、1μm以上の粒子数は全粒子数に対し0.65%であった。スパッタを行った際のパーティクル数は116個と、上記比較例2-1~2-3に比べてパーティクル数が大きく低減している。しかし、実施例2-1~2-12と対比すると、目標の100個よりもやや増加しているので、実施例2-13と同様に、目的・用途に応じて、添加する酸化物の粒子径を調整することが必要であることが分かる。
Claims (9)
- Sb含有量が10~60at%、Te含有量が20~60at%、残部がAg、In、Geから選択した一種以上の元素及び不可避的不純物からなるスパッタリングターゲットであって、酸化物の平均粒径が0.5μm以下であることを特徴とするSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- 酸化物の最大粒径が、1.5μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- 1μm以上の酸化物粒子数が、全酸化物粒子数の0.5%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- さらに、Ga、Ti、Au、Pt、Pd、Bi、B、C、Mo、Siから選択した一種以上の元素を30at%以下含有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- さらに酸化物として、Ga、Ti、Au、Pt、Pd、Bi、B、C、Mo、Siから選択した一種以上の元素の酸化物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- ターゲット中の酸素の平均含有量が1500~2500wtppmであることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- ターゲット中の酸素の最大含有量が3500ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- ターゲット中の酸素の濃度差が2000wtppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
- さらに、Mg、Al、Si、Ti、Cu、Y、Zr、Nb、Hf、Ta、Ce、Cdから選択した1種以上の元素からなる酸化物が0.1~5mol%含有することを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のSb-Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット。
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| KR1020167014355A KR20160078478A (ko) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sb-Te 기 합금 소결체 스퍼터링 타겟 |
| US15/102,305 US10854435B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sputtering target of sintered Sb—Te-based alloy |
| SG11201604727UA SG11201604727UA (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sputtering target of sintered sb-te-based alloy |
| JP2016510132A JP6037421B2 (ja) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sb−Te基合金焼結体スパッタリングターゲット |
| EP15769919.0A EP3048184B1 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sputtering target of sintered sb-te-based alloy |
| CN201580004783.3A CN105917021B (zh) | 2014-03-25 | 2015-02-20 | Sb‑Te基合金烧结体溅射靶 |
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| JP2020084326A (ja) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-06-04 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット |
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| TWI727322B (zh) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-05-11 | 日商Jx金屬股份有限公司 | 濺鍍靶及磁性膜 |
| CN109226768A (zh) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种过渡金属掺杂的碲化锑合金靶材的制备方法 |
| JP2020132996A (ja) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-08-31 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット |
| US20220136097A1 (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-05-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Sputtering target |
| JP2020158846A (ja) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-10-01 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | スパッタリングターゲット |
| CN110396665A (zh) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-11-01 | 有研新材料股份有限公司 | 一种硫系多元合金靶材及其制造方法 |
| EP3789235B1 (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2025-04-30 | ODU GmbH & Co. KG | Plug-in connector with a locking mechanism |
| CN112719278A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 先导薄膜材料(广东)有限公司 | 锗锑碲合金粉体的制备方法 |
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| TW201546293A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
| EP3048184B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
| KR20160078478A (ko) | 2016-07-04 |
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