WO2015146077A1 - 円筒形密閉電池 - Google Patents
円筒形密閉電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015146077A1 WO2015146077A1 PCT/JP2015/001506 JP2015001506W WO2015146077A1 WO 2015146077 A1 WO2015146077 A1 WO 2015146077A1 JP 2015001506 W JP2015001506 W JP 2015001506W WO 2015146077 A1 WO2015146077 A1 WO 2015146077A1
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- Prior art keywords
- valve body
- battery
- opening
- cylindrical
- sealed battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
- H01M50/157—Inorganic material
- H01M50/159—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/167—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by crimping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/171—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids using adhesives or sealing agents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical sealed battery provided with a safety valve capable of effectively discharging gas when the pressure in the battery rises at the sealing portion.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries represented by lithium ion secondary batteries have high energy density and high capacity, and are therefore widely used as drive power sources for mobile information terminals such as mobile phones and laptop computers.
- non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries have been increasingly demanded for applications that require high voltage and high capacity, such as drive power sources for battery-powered automobiles and household power storage systems. High output characteristics, long-term durability, In addition, characteristics such as safety are also required.
- Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries are usually manufactured as sealed batteries because flammable organic solvents are used.
- gas may be rapidly generated and burst.
- a safety valve for discharging the gas in the battery to the outside of the battery when the pressure in the battery reaches a predetermined value is sealed in the cylindrical sealed battery. What is provided in the department is known.
- the area of the opening of the cap is as large as possible, expansion of the area of the opening is limited because a portion that is electrically connected to another battery or a load is required. Therefore, in a cylindrical sealed battery, even if a safety valve is provided at the sealing portion, it may be difficult to ensure sufficient gas discharge.
- a bottomed cylindrical outer can, a sealing body, a cylindrical wound electrode body in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are wound via a separator, and an electrolyte The cylindrical wound electrode body and the electrolyte are disposed inside the outer can, and the opening of the outer can is crimped by the sealing body via an insulating gasket,
- the sealing body is It consists of a valve body having an easily breakable part by a thin-walled part, and an annular support member having an opening, The support member is placed on the outside of the valve body, and a part of the valve body is exposed to the outside from the opening of the support member.
- a cylindrical sealed battery is provided.
- the cylindrical sealed battery of one embodiment of the present invention a part of the valve body constituting the safety valve is exposed to the outside from the opening of the support. Therefore, the gas generated inside the battery at the time of battery abnormality is directly discharged to the outside through the valve body, so that the conventional cylindrical sealing that discharges the gas through the opening as a gas vent hole provided in the cap Compared to a battery, the gas can be discharged more quickly before the battery undergoes thermal runaway.
- the safety is further improved as compared with the conventional battery.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view seen from above
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of a comparative example.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 includes a cylindrical wound electrode body 14 in which a positive electrode plate 11 and a negative electrode plate 12 are wound in a spiral shape with a separator 13 interposed therebetween.
- the cylindrical wound electrode body 14 has an upper insulating plate 16 and a lower insulating plate 17 disposed therein, and is disposed inside a metal outer can 15.
- a non-aqueous electrolyte (not shown) is injected inside the outer can 15, and the opening of the outer can 15 is caulked and sealed by a sealing body 20 via an insulating gasket 21.
- the positive electrode current collector 18 connected to the positive electrode plate 11 is welded to the lower surface of the sealing body 20, and the negative electrode current collector 19 connected to the negative electrode plate 12 is welded to the inner bottom portion of the outer can 15. .
- the armored can 15 functions as a negative electrode external terminal
- the sealing body 20 functions as a positive electrode external terminal.
- the side wall of the outer can 15 is provided with a grooving portion 15a protruding in the direction of the battery center axis.
- the periphery of the upper insulating plate 16 is held by a grooving portion 15a formed on the side wall of the outer can 15, and the cylindrical wound electrode body 14 is fixed from above.
- the insulating gasket 21 is disposed on the upper side of the grooving portion 15 a and fixes the sealing body 20.
- the sealing body 20 includes a valve body 23 having an easily breakable portion 22 having a thinner plate thickness than other portions, and an annular support member 25 having an opening 24 placed on the outside of the valve body 23. ing.
- the easily breakable portion 22 of the valve body 23 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the opening 24 of the support member 25.
- the support member 25 is provided to give strength when the sealing body 20 is caulked and fixed to the opening of the outer can 15. Thereby, the gas generated inside the battery when the battery is abnormal can be easily discharged from the easily breakable portion 22 and opened to the outside, so that the gas can be easily discharged to the outside and the safety is improved.
- valve body 23 is exposed to the outside from the opening 24 formed in the support member 25.
- a portion exposed to the outside of the valve body 23 is formed as a stepped portion 23a protruding outward from the battery.
- the gas generated inside the battery when the battery is abnormal gathers quickly on the side of the stepped portion 23a of the valve body 23, and the inside of the outer can 15
- the pressure exceeds a predetermined value the easily breakable portion 22 of the valve body 23 is broken, and a large opening is formed in the valve body 23. Therefore, even if gas is rapidly generated inside the battery, the gas exhaust capability can sufficiently follow, there is no risk of damage due to internal pressure on the side wall of the outer can 15 after the opening is formed, and cracks are generated on the side wall of the outer can 15. Can be suppressed.
- the discharge direction of the gas and the electrolyte from the inside of the outer can 15 can be guided only to the sealing body 20 side.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 as the cylindrical sealed battery of the embodiment it is possible to prevent adverse effects on members adjacent to the side wall direction of the outer can 15.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 as the cylindrical sealed battery is used in an assembled battery, even if an abnormality occurs in one unit cell, the safety of other batteries constituting the assembled battery is impaired. Is prevented.
- the exposed part of the valve body 23 to the outside can be used as a lead weld for connecting to an external device.
- the strength of the valve body 23 can be increased, and the lead can be easily welded.
- the lead a plate-like lead or a wire-like lead made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used, and it is particularly preferable to use a wire-like lead.
- the positive electrode current collector 18 connected to the positive electrode plate 11 is welded to the inner surface of the valve body 23 at a position facing the support member 25 on the inner surface side of the valve body 23 on the outer peripheral side of the easily breakable portion 22. ing. As a result, the positive electrode current collector 18 can be prevented from affecting the operation of the valve body 23.
- the easily breakable portion 22 of the valve body 23 is provided on the inner peripheral side with respect to the protruding position of the grooved portion 15a.
- the reason for adopting such a configuration is that when the sealing body 20 composed of the valve body 23 and the support member 25 is caulked and fixed to the outer can 15, a load is applied to the easily breakable portion 22, and cracking occurs. This is because there is a possibility.
- a center pin 26 is preferably inserted in the center of the cylindrical wound electrode body 14.
- the center pin 26 secures a gas flow path at the center of the cylindrical wound electrode body 14 even if gas is generated inside the battery and the cylindrical wound electrode body 14 swells when the battery is abnormal, It can promptly guide to the sealing body 20 side.
- the gas generated inside the battery when the battery is abnormal is released as it is through the valve body 23, so that the gas can be discharged more quickly. To be able to do that.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the embodiment when the battery is combusted by external heating or the like and the molten material such as aluminum constituting the battery is discharged from the valve body 23 together with the gas, A sufficiently large opening is formed, and a molten material such as aluminum is immediately discharged to the outside, so that the molten material such as aluminum is prevented from blocking the valve body 23. Therefore, according to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the embodiment, safety is further improved as compared with the conventional cylindrical sealed battery.
- the valve body 23 can be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- Aluminum or an aluminum alloy is suitable as a material for the valve body 23 because it is lightweight, easily deformed, and has high resistance to an electrolytic solution.
- the formation method of the easily breakable portion 22 formed of the thin portion of the valve body 23 is not particularly limited, but is preferably formed by press working because it is simple.
- the current collector of the positive electrode plate of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery since aluminum or an aluminum alloy is used as the core of the positive electrode plate, one made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy is usually used. If the valve body 23 in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the embodiment is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, it can be easily welded to the positive electrode current collector 18 also made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- the support member 25 is preferably made of a plate-like member made of stainless steel or nickel-plated steel plate.
- Stainless steel or nickel-plated steel sheet is stronger than aluminum or aluminum alloy constituting the valve body 23. Since the sealing body 20 is formed of two plate-like members, that is, a valve body 23 made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a support member 25 made of stainless steel or nickel-plated steel plate, the sealing body 20 can be easily removed when the internal pressure of the battery increases. While making the fracture
- This positive electrode mixture paste was applied to both surfaces of a positive electrode core made of an aluminum foil (thickness: 15 ⁇ m) with a uniform thickness by a doctor blade method.
- the positive electrode current collector 18 made of aluminum was attached to the positive electrode core portion where the positive electrode mixture layer was not formed by ultrasonic welding to produce the positive electrode plate 11 having a length of 573 mm, a width of 57 mm, and a thickness of 163 ⁇ m.
- a negative electrode active material made of graphitizable carbon particles, a binder made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), and a thickener made of carboxymethylcellulose were mixed at a mass ratio of 100: 0.6: 1. These were mixed with an appropriate amount of water to prepare a negative electrode mixture paste.
- This negative electrode mixture paste was applied to both surfaces of a negative electrode core made of copper foil (thickness: 10 ⁇ m) with a uniform thickness by a doctor blade method.
- the positive electrode plate 11 and the negative electrode plate 12 produced as described above are wound with a winder while being insulated from each other by a separator 13 made of a polyethylene microporous film, and provided with an insulating anti-winding tape.
- a spirally wound electrode body 14 was produced.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- a solution obtained by dissolving LiPF 6 as an electrolyte salt in a solvent at a rate of 1.0 M (mol / liter) was used as a nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- Nickel plating was given to the steel plate as a base material. Thereafter, a bottomed cylindrical outer can 15 was produced by drawing.
- the outer can 15 has a sealing portion with a plate thickness of 0.2 mm and a side wall with a thickness of 0.25 mm.
- board thickness of the bottom face of the armored can 15 was 0.3 mm
- channel was provided, and the thickness of the groove
- valve body 23 of the sealing body 20 and the positive electrode current collector 18 were laser welded. Thereafter, the opening of the outer can 15 is sealed by caulking using the sealing body 20 in which the insulating gasket 21 is inserted, and the non-cylindrical sealed battery according to the embodiment having a height of 65 mm and a diameter of 18 mm is used. A water electrolyte secondary battery 10 was produced. In addition, the volume energy density of this nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 was 500 Wh / L.
- a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 as a cylindrical sealed battery of a comparative example corresponding to the conventional example is shown in FIG.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 has the same configuration as the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the above embodiment except that the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 includes a sealing body 33 having a conventional structure including a terminal plate 31, an explosion-proof valve 32, and a cap 34. I have. Therefore, in the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 of the comparative example, the configuration of the sealing body 33 will be described in detail, and the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the embodiment. A detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the sealing body 33 includes a cap 34 provided with a vent hole 34a, a terminal plate 31 provided with crushing grooves 31a and 32a that crush when the battery internal pressure rises, an explosion-proof valve 32, and an insulating plate 35. Yes.
- An opening 31b is formed at the center of the terminal plate 31 and on the inner peripheral side of the crushing groove 31a.
- the boundary between the opening 31b and the explosion-proof valve 32 is laser-welded to form a welding spot 36. Has been. Thereby, the terminal board 31 and the explosion-proof valve 32 are in an electrically connected state.
- the terminal plate 31 has an opening 31d on the outer peripheral side of the crushing groove 31a.
- the outer peripheral side of the terminal plate 31 is thick, and serves as a terminal plate 31c that is electrically connected to the positive electrode plate 11, and the positive electrode current collector 18 connected to the positive electrode plate 11 is connected to the terminal plate 31c. It is sonic welded and electrically connected.
- the crushing groove 31a is crushed to cut off the current path between the terminal plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 32, so that the cap is removed from the terminal plate 31.
- the energization to 34 is cut off.
- the crushing groove 32a is crushed to form a hole in the explosion-proof valve 32, and the gas in the battery is transferred to the outside of the battery via the hole formed in the explosion-proof valve 32 and the gas vent hole 34a. It will be discharged.
- nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 as the cylindrical sealed battery of this comparative example has a volume energy density of 500 Wh / L.
- the embodiment using the sealing body 20 constituted by the valve body 23 made of aluminum plate and the support member 25 made of stainless steel plate and having the easily breakable portion 22 formed on the valve body 23 is used.
- the number of side wall cracks was zero.
- the number of side wall cracks was nine.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 as the cylindrical sealed battery of the embodiment the number of side wall cracks is significantly suppressed as compared with the case of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 of the comparative example. I understand.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 as the cylindrical sealed battery according to the embodiment when the battery internal pressure rises, the easily breakable portion 22 of the valve body 23 opens quickly, and the outside of the step portion 23a is shielded. Since there is nothing, a large opening is quickly formed in the battery. Thereby, according to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 as the cylindrical sealed battery of the embodiment, even if gas is rapidly generated inside the battery, the gas exhaust capability can sufficiently follow and an opening is formed in the valve body 23. After being done, it was confirmed that there was no possibility of damage to the side wall of the outer can 15.
- the crushing groove 31a is crushed and the current path between the terminal plate 31 and the explosion-proof valve 32 is interrupted.
- the crushing groove 32a is broken and a gas discharge path is secured.
- This gas discharge path is smaller than in the case of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 10 of the embodiment, and the gas discharge path is not formed unless the pressure is higher.
- the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 30 of the comparative example when the gas exhaustion momentum is high, there is a possibility that the gas exhaust capability of the vent hole provided in the cap 34 is insufficient.
- the possibility that the side wall of the battery is damaged is larger than that in the case of the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the embodiment.
- crushing of the crushing grooves 31a and 32a was confirmed.
- the said embodiment demonstrated using the example applied to the nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery as a cylindrical sealed battery, this invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to alkaline storage batteries such as nickel-hydrogen storage batteries and nickel-cadmium storage batteries.
- the present invention when applied to a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, the following known materials can be used as constituent materials of the battery. Specific examples are shown below.
- the positive electrode plate used in the present invention can be constituted by forming a positive electrode active material layer on a foil-like (thin plate-like) positive electrode core.
- a material for the positive electrode core aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium, titanium alloy, or the like can be used. Among them, aluminum or aluminum alloy is preferable because electrochemical elution is unlikely to occur.
- a lithium-containing transition metal composite oxide for example, a composite oxide containing at least one metal selected from cobalt, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron, and vanadium, and lithium can be used.
- Use of a transition metal composite oxide is preferable because a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a high capacity and excellent safety can be obtained.
- the negative electrode plate used by this invention can be comprised by forming a negative electrode active material layer on a negative electrode core.
- a negative electrode active material layer As the material for the negative electrode core, copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, etc. can be used. Among them, copper, copper alloy, nickel or nickel alloy is electrochemical. This is preferable because it is difficult to cause elution.
- carbon materials capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions such as natural graphite, spherical or fibrous artificial graphite, non-graphitizable carbon (hard carbon), graphitizable carbon (soft Carbon) such as carbon), metal oxide materials such as tin oxide and silicon oxide, silicon-containing compounds such as silicon and silicide, and the like can be used.
- a microporous film made of a polyolefin material can be used, and it is preferable to use a combination of a polyolefin material and a heat resistant material.
- the polyolefin include polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-propylene copolymer. These resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a heat-resistant resin such as aramid, polyimide, or polyamide-imide, or a mixture of a heat-resistant resin and an inorganic filler can be used.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is prepared by dissolving a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent.
- a non-aqueous solvent for example, cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate, chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate are used singly or in combination.
- a lithium salt having a strong electron withdrawing property for example, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , or the like is used alone or in combination.
- a known additive such as vinylene carbonate may be added to the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- the cylindrical sealed battery of the present invention it is possible to effectively discharge gas while suppressing leakage of gas or electrolyte to the side wall of the outer can when the battery is abnormal. Since it can provide a cylindrical sealed battery that can be used, the industrial significance is great.
- Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 11 Positive electrode plate 12: Negative electrode plate 13: Separator 14: Cylindrical winding electrode body 15: Outer can 15a: Groove part 16: Upper insulating plate 17: Lower insulating plate 18: Positive electrode collection Electrical body 19: Negative electrode current collector 20: Sealing body 21: Insulating gasket 22: Easily breakable portion 23: Valve body 23a: Stepped portion 24: Opening portion 25: Support member 26: Center pin 30: Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery 31 : Terminal plate 31a: Crushing groove 31b, 31d: Opening 31c: Terminal plate 32: Explosion-proof valve 32a: Crushing groove 33: Sealing body 34: Cap 34a: Gas vent hole 35: Insulating plate 36: Welding spot
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
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- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
有底円筒状の外装缶と、封口体と、正極板及び負極板がセパレータを介して巻回された円筒状巻回電極体と、電解質と、を有し、
前記外装缶の内部に前記円筒状巻回電極体と前記電解質とが配置され、前記外装缶の開口部が絶縁ガスケットを介して前記封口体によりカシメ封口されており、
前記封口体は、
薄肉部による易破断部を有する弁体と、開口部を有する環状の支持部材とからなり、
前記支持部材は、前記弁体の外部側に載置され、前記支持部材の開口部から前記弁体の一部が外部へ露出している、
円筒形密閉電池が提供される。
実施形態の円筒形密閉電池としての非水電解質二次電池10を図1を用いて説明する。この非水電解質二次電池10は、正極板11と負極板12とがセパレータ13を介して渦巻き状に巻回された円筒状巻回電極体14を備えている。円筒状巻回電極体14は、それぞれ上部絶縁板16及び下部絶縁板17が配置されて、金属製の外装缶15の内部に配置されている。
リチウム・ニッケル・コバルト・アルミニウム複合酸化物(LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2)からなる正極活物質と、アセチレンブラックからなる導電剤と、ポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVdF)からなる結着剤とを、質量比100:2.5:1.7の割合で秤量し、これらをN-メチル-2-ピロリドンからなる有機溶剤と混合し、正極合剤ペーストを調製した。この正極合剤ペーストを、ドクターブレード法によりアルミニウム箔(厚み:15μm)からなる正極芯体の両面に均一な厚みで塗布した。
易黒鉛化炭素粒子からなる負極活物質と、ポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVdF)からなる結着剤と、カルボキシメチルセルロースからなる増粘剤とを、質量比100:0.6:1の割合で混合し、これらを適量の水と混合し、負極合剤ペーストを調製した。この負極合剤ペーストを、ドクターブレード法により銅箔(厚み:10μm)からなる負極芯体の両面に均一な厚みで塗布した。
上記のようにして作製された正極板11及び負極板12をポリエチレン製微多孔膜からなるセパレータ13によって互いに絶縁された状態で、巻き取り機により巻回し、絶縁性の巻き止めテープを設け、円筒状巻回電極体14を作製した。
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)と、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)とを、を体積比2:2:6の割合(1気圧、25℃と換算した場合における)で混合した非水溶媒に、電解質塩としてのLiPF6を1.0M(モル/リットル)の割合で溶解したものを非水電解液とした。
厚み0.4mmのアルミニウム合金をプレス加工して、電池外方となる面に易破断部22が形成され、この易破断部22の内周側に電池外方へ突出する段差部23aが形成された、直径17mmの弁体23を形成した。厚み0.3mmのステンレススチール板をプレス加工することにより、外径17mm、内径9mmの円環状の支持部材25を形成した。この弁体23及び支持部材25を重ね合わせ、外縁部より3mm内周部分をレーザー溶接により接合し、封口体20を作製した。
基材としての鉄鋼板にニッケルメッキを施した。その後、絞り加工により、有底円筒状の外装缶15を作製した。ここで、外装缶15は、封口部の板厚を0.2mm、側壁の板厚を0.25mmとした。また、外装缶15の底面の板厚は、0.3mmとし、C字状の溝を設け、溝の厚みは、0.05mmとした。
上記のようにして作製した円筒状巻回電極体14の上下にポリプロピレン製の上部絶縁板16及び下部絶縁板17を置き、円筒状巻回電極体14を外装缶15内に収容し、負極集電体19と外装缶15の缶底とを抵抗溶接した。この後、塑性加工により、外装缶15に幅1.0mm、深さ1.5mmの円周状の溝入れ部15aを形成し、上記のようにして調製した非水電解液を外装缶15内に注液した。
従来例に対応する比較例の円筒形密閉電池としての非水電解質二次電池30を図2に示した。この非水電解質二次電池30は、端子板31、防爆弁32及びキャップ34を有する従来構造の封口体33を備えること以外は、上記実施形態の非水電解質二次電池10と同様の構成を備えている。そのため、比較例の非水電解質二次電池30においては、封口体33の構成について詳細に説明することとし、実施形態の非水電解質二次電池10と同様の構成部分には同一の参照符号を付与してその詳細な説明は省略する。
上記実施形態に係る非水電解質二次電池10及び比較例に係る非水電解質二次電池30をそれぞれ10個用意し、これらの電池を室温(25℃)雰囲気下、定電流1500mAで電圧が4.2Vとなるまで充電した。この後、電池を200℃に設定したホットプレート上において加熱した。この時の封口体の状態又は封口体の外装缶からの離脱の有無及び外装缶側壁の亀裂の発生の有無を目視にて確認した。
また、負極活物質としては、リチウムイオンを可逆的に吸蔵及び放出し得る炭素材料、例えば、天然黒鉛や球状又は繊維状の人造黒鉛、難黒鉛化炭素(ハードカーボン)、易黒鉛化炭素(ソフトカーボン)などの炭素材料や、酸化錫、酸化珪素等の金属酸化物材料、ケイ素、シリサイドなどのケイ素含有化合物などを用いることができる。
13:セパレータ 14:円筒状巻回電極体 15:外装缶
15a:溝入れ部 16:上部絶縁板 17:下部絶縁板
18:正極集電体 19:負極集電体 20:封口体
21:絶縁ガスケット 22:易破断部 23:弁体
23a:段差部 24:開口部 25:支持部材
26:センターピン 30:非水電解質二次電池 31:端子板
31a:破砕溝 31b、31d:開口 31c:端子プレート
32:防爆弁 32a:破砕溝 33:封口体
34:キャップ 34a:ガス抜き穴 35:絶縁板
36:溶接スポット
Claims (6)
- 有底円筒状の外装缶と、封口体と、正極板及び負極板がセパレータを介して巻回された円筒状巻回電極体と、電解質と、を有し、
前記外装缶の内部に前記円筒状巻回電極体と前記電解質とが配置され、前記外装缶の開口部が絶縁ガスケットを介して前記封口体によりカシメ封口されており、
前記封口体は、
薄肉部による易破断部を有する弁体と、開口部を有する環状の支持部材とを有し、
前記支持部材は前記弁体の外部側に載置され、前記支持部材の開口部から前記弁体の一部が外部へ露出している、
円筒形密閉電池。 - 前記弁体の易破断部は前記開口部の内周側に配置されている、請求項1記載の円筒形密閉電池。
- 前記弁体の外部へ露出している部分は外部方向へ突出している、請求項1又は2に記載の円筒形密閉電池。
- 前記弁体はアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなり、前記支持部材はステンレススチール又はニッケルメッキ鉄鋼板からなる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の円筒形密閉電池。
- 前記外装缶の側壁には電池軸方向に突出した溝入れ部が設けられており、前記弁体の薄肉部は前記溝入れ部よりも内周側に設けられている請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の円筒形密閉電池。
- 前記正極板は、一般式LixNiyM1-yO2(0.95≦x≦1.10、MはCo、Mn、Cr、Fe、Mg、Ti及びAlの少なくとも1種類、0.6≦y≦0.95)で表されるリチウムニッケル複合酸化物からなる正極活物質を含み、
体積エネルギー密度が500Wh/L以上である、
請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の円筒形密閉電池。
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| JP2016509993A JP6538650B2 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-18 | 円筒形密閉電池 |
| CN201580009775.8A CN106030850B (zh) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-18 | 圆筒形密闭电池 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106030850B (zh) | 2019-11-12 |
| CN106030850A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
| JPWO2015146077A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
| US9876206B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| JP6538650B2 (ja) | 2019-07-03 |
| US20170110699A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
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