WO2015145749A1 - 防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置とそれを用いた防振連結ロッド、防振連結ロッドの製造方法 - Google Patents
防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置とそれを用いた防振連結ロッド、防振連結ロッドの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015145749A1 WO2015145749A1 PCT/JP2014/059237 JP2014059237W WO2015145749A1 WO 2015145749 A1 WO2015145749 A1 WO 2015145749A1 JP 2014059237 W JP2014059237 W JP 2014059237W WO 2015145749 A1 WO2015145749 A1 WO 2015145749A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- connecting member
- vibration
- sleeve
- rod body
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
- F16F1/3863—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type characterised by the rigid sleeves or pin, e.g. of non-circular cross-section
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
- F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical vibration isolator for an anti-vibration connecting rod used for an anti-vibration connecting rod such as a torque rod, an anti-vibration connecting rod using the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- This anti-vibration connecting rod has a structure in which a cylindrical anti-vibration device for an anti-vibration connecting rod is provided at at least one end of the rod body.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator has a structure in which an inner shaft member and an outer cylinder member are inserted / extracted, and the inner shaft member and the outer cylinder member are elastically connected to each other by a main rubber elastic body.
- a vehicle body side torque rod bush described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-2908 (Patent Document 1).
- a cylindrical vibration isolator used for a torque rod generally has a rod body attached to a power unit as a vibration source attached to an outer cylinder member.
- Patent Document 2 European Patent Publication No. 2105629
- the outer cylinder member is press-fitted into a holder such as a suspension member and attached to the vehicle body side.
- a holder such as a suspension member
- two cylindrical vibration isolators are overlapped in the axial direction, and the rod body overlaps the inner shaft member through a notch provided in the overlapping portion of the outer cylinder member. It is inserted into a recess provided in the portion and is fixed to the inner shaft member.
- JP 2006-2908 A European Publication No. 2105629
- an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical vibration isolator for a vibration isolating connecting rod having a novel structure that can be easily attached to a rod body.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an anti-vibration connecting rod using the above-described cylindrical anti-vibration device and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a cylindrical vibration isolator for an anti-vibration connecting rod in which an inner shaft member and an outer cylindrical member attached to a rod main body are elastically connected to each other by a main rubber elastic body.
- the inner shaft member has a structure in which a first connecting member and a second connecting member are inserted in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve member, and the main body rubber is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve member.
- the elastic body is fixed, and the first connecting member inserted into the sleeve member and the axially overlapping surface of the second connecting member are spaced apart from each other, and the first connecting member
- a rod end insertion space is formed between the first connecting member and the second connecting member, and the rod end insertion space is communicated to the outside through a rod insertion hole opened in the peripheral wall of the sleeve member and the outer cylinder member.
- the rod One end of the rod body inserted into the rod end insertion space through the through hole is fixed to the first connecting member and the second connecting member with a fastening member, and the first connecting member The member and the second connecting member are brought into contact with the rod body by the fastening member, respectively.
- the inner shaft member has a structure in which the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the sleeve member. Since the sleeve member and the outer cylinder member are elastically connected by the main rubber elastic body, a large rubber volume of the main rubber elastic body can be secured in the axial direction. Therefore, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in tuning the vibration isolating characteristics and the durability of the main rubber elastic body.
- the axial dimension of the outer cylinder member is set large, and a large press-fitting surface of the outer cylinder member to the attachment target member is ensured. It is also possible to improve the resistance to slipping out and stabilize the wearing state.
- the rod body is inserted between the first connecting member and the second connecting member, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are respectively brought into contact with the rod body.
- the inner shaft member can be attached to the main body without rattling.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member inserted into the sleeve member are brought close to each other by the fastening force of the fastening member exerted at the time of fixing to the rod body, thereby applying a particularly large force.
- the rod body can be sandwiched between the first connecting member and the second connecting member.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the sleeve member without being fixed to the main rubber elastic body, the first connecting member and the second connecting member are close to each other. The displacement is not hindered by the elasticity of the main rubber elastic body, and the attachment work to the rod main body is easy.
- the rod is attached to at least one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member.
- a fitting part that is unevenly fitted to the main body is provided.
- the rod body when the fitting portion provided on at least one of the first coupling member and the second coupling member is concavo-convexly fitted to the rod body, the rod body is attached to the inner shaft member. It is positioned at a predetermined position. Moreover, in the mounted state of the rod body, the fitting portion is locked in the direction perpendicular to the axis with respect to the rod body, so that the rod body can be prevented from coming off from the rod end insertion space.
- the vibration isolating connecting rod cylindrical vibration isolator described in the first or second aspect at least one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member is provided.
- An insertion position defining portion for defining an insertion end with respect to the sleeve member is provided.
- At least one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member is inserted into the sleeve member up to a predetermined position defined by the insertion position defining portion, thereby inserting the rod end.
- the void is fixed at an appropriate position in the axial direction of the inner shaft member.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member At least one of them is provided with a rod position defining portion that defines an insertion end of the rod body with respect to the rod end insertion space.
- the rod body, the first connecting member, and the second connecting member are fastened at appropriate positions by appropriately setting the amount of insertion of the rod body into the rod end insertion space. It can be fixed by a member.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member A nut is integrally provided on any one of the members, and the fastening member is inserted into a bolt hole penetrating the other one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member and the rod body.
- the fixing bolt is screwed onto the nut, whereby the first connecting member, the second connecting member, and the rod body are fixed to each other, and the fixing bolt is fixed.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member are brought into contact with the rod body by tightening a bolt for the nut.
- the first connecting member, the second connecting member, and the rod body can be easily fixed by screwing the fixing bolt and the nut, and the fixing bolt and By the fastening force of the nut, the first connecting member and the second connecting member can be displaced in the relative approaching direction and brought into contact with the rod body.
- the fastening of the fixing bolt to the nut the contact force of the first connecting member and the second connecting member with respect to the rod body can be easily adjusted.
- a vibration isolating connecting rod wherein one end of the rod body is described in any one of the first to fifth aspects.
- the rod end insertion space is inserted into the rod end insertion space, and one end of the rod body is fixed between the overlapping surfaces of the first connection member and the second connection member. .
- anti-vibration connecting rod described in the sixth aspect, excellent anti-vibration performance and durability are realized by including the anti-vibration connecting rod tubular anti-vibration device according to the present invention. .
- the weight of the rod body can be reduced, and the resonance frequency of the resonance system using the rod body as a mass can be easily set to a higher frequency. As a result, the adverse effect on the vibration state due to the resonance of the rod body is reduced or avoided while obtaining the desired vibration isolation characteristics.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is a method of manufacturing a vibration-isolating connecting rod, wherein a main rubber elastic body is vulcanized between a sleeve member and an outer cylinder member, and the sleeve member and the outer cylinder member are connected to the main body.
- a rubber molding step for elastically connecting with a rubber elastic body, a first connecting member and a second connecting member are inserted into the sleeve member and overlapped in the axial direction, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member
- the connecting member The rod body is fixed to each other with a fastening member, and at least one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member is moved in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve member by the fastening force of the fastening member.
- the insertion tip surfaces of the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted.
- the distance is made larger than the thickness dimension in the same direction of the rod body, and the rod body can be easily inserted with a small force.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member are fixed to the rod body by the fastening member, the first connecting member and the second connecting member inserted so as to be movable with respect to the sleeve are fastened.
- the members are moved close to each other by the fastening force of the members, and are brought into contact with the rod bodies. Therefore, after the rod body is fixed by the fastening member, the rod body is attached to the first connecting member and the second connecting member without causing rattling.
- a vibration-proof connecting rod manufacturing method wherein the first connecting member inserted into the sleeve member in the inner temporary assembly step and the first A distance between the overlapping surfaces of the two connecting members is made larger than that of the rod body, and one end of the rod body is inserted into the rod end insertion space in the rod inserting step and the first connecting member.
- the rod is inserted with a gap with respect to at least one of the overlapping surfaces of the second connecting member, and the first connecting member and the second connecting member are moved relatively close to each other in the rod main body in the rod fixing step. It is made to contact.
- the rod end insertion space is expanded larger than the rod body in advance, the insertion work of the rod body into the rod end insertion space can be easily performed with a smaller force. .
- the vibration-proof connecting rod manufacturing method wherein the rod body is inserted when the rod body is inserted into the rod end insertion space in the rod insertion step.
- the rod main body is inserted into the rod end insertion space while moving at least one of the first connecting member and the second connecting member outward in the axial direction of the sleeve member by a component force.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member are set with a sufficiently large insertion amount of the first connecting member and the second connecting member with respect to the sleeve member. Detachment from the sleeve member can be prevented. Therefore, it becomes easy to handle the cylindrical vibration isolator for the vibration isolating connecting rod during the manufacturing operation, and for example, the cylindrical vibration isolator for the vibration isolating connecting rod is stored and transported in a single state before being assembled to the rod body. Even in this case, handling becomes easy.
- the inner shaft member has a structure in which the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the sleeve member, and the sleeve member and the outer cylindrical member are elastically connected by the main rubber elastic body. Therefore, a large rubber volume of the main rubber elastic body is ensured in the axial direction, and the degree of freedom in tuning the vibration isolation characteristics and the durability can be improved. Further, since the first connecting member and the second connecting member inserted into the sleeve member are brought into contact with the rod main body inserted into the rod end insertion space by the fastening member, the inner shaft member of the rod main body Shaking against is prevented.
- the first connecting member and the second connecting member are inserted into the sleeve member without being fixed to the main rubber elastic body, the rods of the first connecting member and the second connecting member are used.
- the contact with the main body is not hindered by the elasticity of the main rubber elastic body, and the attachment work to the rod main body is facilitated.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective sectional view of an outer cylinder member and a sleeve member that constitute the cylindrical vibration isolator shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a main rubber elastic body constituting the cylindrical vibration isolator shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the cylindrical vibration isolator shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a manufacturing process of the torque rod shown in FIG. 7.
- the longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the cylindrical vibration isolator as 2nd embodiment of this invention.
- the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the torque rod shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining a manufacturing process of the torque rod shown in FIG. 12.
- FIG. 1 to 3 show a vibration isolating connecting rod cylindrical vibration isolator (hereinafter referred to as a cylindrical vibration isolator) 10 as a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 has a structure in which an inner shaft member 12 and an outer cylindrical member 14 are elastically connected by a main rubber elastic body 16.
- the vertical direction means the vertical direction in FIG. 3 unless otherwise specified.
- the front-rear direction refers to the left-right direction in FIG. 2 that is the vehicle front-rear direction when the vehicle is mounted, and the left-right direction refers to the up-down direction in FIG.
- the inner shaft member 12 has a structure in which the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 are inserted into the sleeve member 18 from one of the upper and lower openings.
- the sleeve member 18 is a high-rigidity member formed of a metal such as iron or aluminum alloy, and in the present embodiment, has a thin, substantially polygonal cylindrical shape.
- an inner window portion 24 as a rod insertion hole penetrating the intermediate portion in the axial direction is formed in a part of the peripheral wall of the sleeve member 18.
- the first connecting member 20 has a main body portion 26 made of resin.
- the main body portion 26 is formed in a substantially polygonal column shape having an outer peripheral shape substantially corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the sleeve member 18, and a through hole 28 penetrating vertically is formed in the central portion. Furthermore, the main body portion 26 is formed with a plurality of lightening recesses 30 that open upward to reduce the weight.
- sleeve contact protrusions 32 as insertion position defining portions protruding outward are integrally formed at a plurality of locations on the periphery.
- the lower end part of the outer peripheral surface of the main-body part 26 is made into the taper surface which shrinks gradually as it goes below.
- a nut 34 is integrally fixed to the main body portion 26.
- the nut 34 is disposed at the lower end portion of the through hole 28, and has an upper surface overlapped and fixed to an inner flange portion 36 formed at an intermediate portion of the through hole 28, and an outer peripheral surface of the through hole 28. It is fixed to the inner peripheral surface.
- the lower surface of the nut 34 slightly protrudes downward from the lower surface of the main body portion 26, and a tapered engagement concave portion 38 whose diameter is increased downward is formed in the inner peripheral portion of the lower end of the nut 34. Has been.
- the outer peripheral surface of the nut 34 is provided with irregularities alternately in the axial direction, the area of fixing to the main body 26 is increased, and the main body of the nut 34 is engaged with the main body 26. The disconnection from 26 is prevented. The nut 34 is inserted when the main body portion 26 is molded.
- the second connecting member 22 is formed of a metal such as iron or aluminum alloy, and, like the first connecting member 20, has a substantially polygonal column shape having an outer peripheral shape substantially corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the sleeve member 18. Has been. Furthermore, a bolt hole 40 penetrating vertically is formed in the central portion of the second connecting member 22. Furthermore, the second connecting member 22 is formed with a plurality of hollow recesses 42 opened on the lower surface to reduce the weight. Further, the second connecting member 22 is integrally formed with a rod contact protrusion 44 as a rod position defining portion protruding upward. Moreover, the upper end part of the outer peripheral surface of the 2nd connection member 22 is made into the taper surface which shrinks gradually as it goes upwards.
- the outer cylinder member 14 is a highly rigid member formed of metal or the like, and has a thin cylindrical shape with a large diameter. Further, the outer cylinder member 14 is formed with an outer window portion 46 as a rod insertion hole penetrating a part of the peripheral wall.
- the sleeve member 18 of the inner shaft member 12 is inserted and arranged at a predetermined distance on the inner peripheral side of the outer cylinder member 14 (see FIG. 4), and the sleeve member 18 and the outer cylinder member 14 are connected to the main body.
- the rubber elastic body 16 is elastically connected. As shown in FIG. 5, the main rubber elastic body 16 includes an inner rubber layer 48 that covers the surface of the sleeve member 18, an outer rubber layer 50 that covers the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 14, and the inner rubber layer 48 and the outer rubber layer 50. A pair of left and right connecting arm portions 52, 52 connected to each other is integrally provided.
- the inner peripheral end of the connecting arm 52 is vulcanized and bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve member 18 in the inner rubber layer 48, and the outer peripheral end of the connecting arm 52 is connected to the outer rubber layer 50.
- the outer cylinder member 14 is vulcanized and bonded to the inner peripheral surface.
- the main rubber elastic body 16 is formed as an integrally vulcanized molded product 54 including the sleeve member 18 and the outer cylinder member 14.
- a plurality of communication holes 56 are formed in the peripheral wall of the sleeve member 18, and a predetermined inner rubber layer 48 is formed on both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the sleeve member 18 without causing a defective filling of the rubber material.
- the strength of fixing the inner rubber layer 48 to the sleeve member 18 can be improved.
- a first inner stopper rubber 58 and a second inner stopper rubber 60 are provided on the inner rubber layer 48 so as to protrude outward in one of the front and rear.
- a first outer stopper rubber 62 and a second outer stopper rubber 64 are provided on the outer rubber layer 50 so as to protrude inward in each of the front and rear.
- the first inner stopper rubber 58 and the first outer stopper rubber 62 oppose each other with a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction
- the second inner stopper rubber 60 and the second outer stopper rubber 64 face each other at a predetermined distance in the front-rear direction.
- the sleeve member 18 and the outer cylinder member 14 are brought into contact with the input in the front-rear direction via the first stopper rubbers 58 and 62 or the second stopper rubbers 60 and 64, so that the inner shaft member 12 and Front / rear stopper means for limiting the relative displacement amount of the outer cylinder member 14 in the front / rear direction is configured.
- an inner through window 66 is formed at a portion corresponding to the inner window portion 24 of the sleeve member 18.
- an outer through window 68 is formed in the outer rubber layer 50 at a portion corresponding to the outer window portion 46 of the outer cylinder member 14.
- the inner window portion 24 of the sleeve member 18 and the outer window portion 46 of the outer cylinder member 14 are mutually positioned on the circumference, and both are open in the vehicle front-rear direction.
- the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 are inserted into the sleeve member 18 constituting the integrally vulcanized molded product 54 of the main rubber elastic body 16 so as to overlap each other in the axial direction.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 (see FIG. 3) of the present embodiment is configured.
- the first connecting member 20 is inserted into the inner hole 70 of the sleeve member 18 covered with the inner rubber layer 48 from the upper opening, and the sleeve contact protrusion 32 is formed on the upper end surface of the sleeve member 18. It is positioned in the axial direction by being brought into contact. As described above, the sleeve contact protrusion 32 contacts the sleeve member 18 in the axial direction, whereby the insertion end of the first connecting member 20 into the sleeve member 18 is defined in the axial direction.
- the second connecting member 22 is inserted into the inner hole 70 of the sleeve member 18 from the lower opening, and is inserted until the lower surface is substantially at the same position as the lower end surface of the sleeve member 18.
- the inner rubber layer 48 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve member 18 has a large number of linear concave grooves that open in the inner peripheral surface and extend in the axial direction. The frictional resistance acting on the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 at the time of insertion is reduced.
- a lower surface that is an insertion front end surface of the first connecting member 20 and an insertion front end surface of the second connecting member 22. are opposed to each other at a predetermined distance in the axial direction of the sleeve member 18.
- a rod end insertion space 72 is formed between the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 on the inner peripheral side of the sleeve member 18.
- the rod contact protrusion 44 of the second connecting member 22 protrudes into the rod end insertion space 72.
- the rod end insertion space 72 includes an inner window portion 24 of the sleeve member 18, an inner through window 66 of the inner rubber layer 48, an outer through window 68 of the outer rubber layer 50, and the outer window portion 46 of the outer cylinder member 14. And communicates with the outside (the outer peripheral side of the outer cylinder member 14) in the front-rear direction.
- the inner window portion 24 and the outer window portion 46 constituting the rod insertion hole are communicated with each other by the inner through window 66 and the outer through window 68, and the rod end insertion space 72 is inserted into the rod. It communicates with the outside through a hole.
- the rod contact protrusion 44 of the second connecting member 22 is located on the opposite side in the front-rear direction with respect to the rod insertion hole with the bolt hole 40 interposed therebetween.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 having such a structure is attached to one end of a rod main body 74 to constitute a torque rod 76 as an anti-vibration connecting rod. .
- the rod body 74 is a highly rigid member made of iron or aluminum alloy and has a longitudinal shape extending in the front-rear direction. Furthermore, the intermediate portion of the rod body 74 is provided with a tapered portion 78 having a cross-sectional area that gradually increases from one side in the front-rear direction to the other side (from left to right in FIG. 8).
- the end portion is a first attachment portion 80 extending in a substantially constant rectangular cross section, and the other end portion is a bifurcated second attachment portion 82.
- the first mounting portion 80 is formed with a bolt hole 84 penetrating vertically, and an engaging convex portion 86 protruding upward around the upper opening of the bolt hole 84 is integrally formed.
- the engagement convex part 86 is made into the taper surface which an outer peripheral surface reduces in diameter gradually toward upper direction.
- a fastening hole 88 penetrating from side to side is formed in the second attachment portion 82, and a bracket member (not shown) is also attached by a bolt (not shown) inserted through the fastening hole 88.
- the 1st attaching part 80 of the rod main body 74 is attached to the vehicle body (not shown) side as an anti-vibration object member via the cylindrical vibration isolator 10, and the 2nd of the rod main body 74 is attached.
- the attachment portion 82 is attached to a power unit (not shown) that is a vibration source via a bracket member (not shown).
- the first attachment portion 80 of the rod main body 74 is attached to the inner shaft member 12 of the cylindrical vibration isolator 10. That is, the first mounting portion 80 of the rod main body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 of the inner shaft member 12 through the rod insertion holes 24 and 46 of the cylindrical vibration isolator 10.
- a fixing bolt 90 as a fastening member inserted from below into the bolt hole 40 of the second connecting member 22 and the bolt hole 84 of the first mounting portion 80 is screwed into the nut 34 of the first connecting member 20.
- the rod body 74 is fixed between the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 by being attached and tightened.
- the main rubber elastic body 16 is vulcanized and molded by a mold in which the sleeve member 18 and the outer cylinder member 14 prepared in advance are set, thereby forming an integrally vulcanized molded product 54 of the main rubber elastic body 16.
- the rubber molding process is completed.
- the first connecting member 20 is inserted into the inner hole 70 from the upper opening of the sleeve member 18, and the second connecting member 22 is inserted into the inner hole 70 from the lower opening of the sleeve member 18.
- the connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 are temporarily assembled to the sleeve member 18 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the inner temporary assembly process is completed, and the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 is formed.
- the lower end portion of the first connecting member 20 and the upper end portion of the second connecting member 22 are both tapered so that they gradually contract toward the insertion tip side. The operation of inserting the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 into the sleeve member 18 can be performed more easily.
- FIG. 10 shows a state in which the rod main body 74 is inserted into the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 alone.
- the outer cylindrical member 14 of the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 is a holder such as a suspension member on the vehicle body side. After the press fitting, the rod main body 74 can be inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 from the opening of the holder peripheral wall communicating with the outer window portion 46 of the outer cylinder member 14.
- the insertion end of the rod main body 74 is defined by the insertion distal end surface of the rod main body 74 coming into contact with the rod contact protrusion 44 of the second connecting member 22.
- the amount of insertion into the rod end insertion space 72 is set appropriately.
- the rod main body 74 does not need to be strictly positioned at the mounting position on the inner shaft member 12 by the contact with the rod contact protrusion 44, and is fixed to the bolt holes 40 and 84 in the rod fixing step described later. What is necessary is just to be positioned so that the use bolt 90 can be inserted. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the rod main body 74 is separated from the rod contact protrusion 44 when the rod fixing step described later is completed.
- the distance between the overlapping surfaces of the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 temporarily assembled to the sleeve member 18 in the inner temporary assembling step is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72.
- the maximum value of the thickness dimension at one end portion of the rod main body 74 that is, the distance from the lower surface of the rod main body 74 to the projecting tip of the engaging convex portion 86 is made larger. Accordingly, one end of the rod main body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 with a gap with respect to at least one of the first and second connecting members 20 and 22, as shown in FIG.
- the fixing bolt 90 is inserted from below into the bolt hole 40 of the second connecting member 22 and the bolt hole 84 of the rod body 74, and the fixing bolt 90 is connected to the first connecting member 22.
- the first and second connecting members 20, 22 and the rod body 74 are fixed to each other.
- the fastening force by the fastening of the fixing bolt 90 to the nut 34 is exerted in the approaching direction with respect to the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22, so that the second connecting member 22 becomes the sleeve member.
- the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are relatively approached by being further inserted into the 18 inner holes 70.
- the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are brought into contact with the rod body 74 from one of the upper and lower sides, and the rod body 74 is sandwiched between the first and second connecting members 20 and 22.
- the rod fixing step is completed, and the torque rod 76 in which the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 is attached to the rod body 74 is formed.
- the outer peripheral surface of the engaging convex part 86 in the rod main body 74 and the inner peripheral surface of the engaging concave part 38 in the first connecting member 20 are substantially corresponding taper surfaces, these tapered surfaces.
- the rod body 74 is guided to a predetermined position in the direction perpendicular to the axis with respect to the first connecting member 20.
- the engaging projection 86 of the rod body 74 is fitted into the engaging recess 38 provided in the nut 34 of the first connecting member 20 and is engaged with each other in the direction perpendicular to the axis, thereby the rod body 74. Is held at a predetermined position with respect to the inner shaft member 12.
- the rod main body 74 is between the nut 34 and the second connecting member 22 both made of metal. It is possible to prevent the resin-made main body portion 26 from being damaged due to the pinching and coming into contact with the rod main body 74.
- the sleeve member 18 has a substantially polygonal cylinder shape
- the outer peripheral surface of the first connecting member 20 has a substantially polygonal cylinder shape corresponding to the inner peripheral surface shape of the sleeve member 18. Therefore, relative rotation of the first connecting member 20 with respect to the sleeve member 18 is prevented. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the reaction force of the tightening torque from acting on the main rubber elastic body 16 by tightening the fixing bolt 90 while supporting the sleeve member 18 with a jig or the like. It is also possible to prevent the torque reaction force from being exerted on the main rubber elastic body 16 by tightening the fixing bolt 90 while supporting the first connecting member 20 itself in a non-rotatable manner with a jig.
- the upper surface of the rod body 74 faces the upper edge of the inner window portion 24 in the sleeve member 18 via the inner rubber layer 48. They are in contact with each other, and the upward movement of the rod body 74 is restricted.
- the lower surface of the rod main body 74 is separated from the lower edge of the inner window portion 24 in the sleeve member 18, but the downward displacement of the rod main body 74 is caused by the sleeve contact protrusion 32 of the first connecting member 20. Is superposed on the upper surface of the sleeve member 18 in a contact state.
- the torque rod 76 having such a structure is provided with the outer cylinder member 14 attached to the vehicle body side, and the inner shaft member 12 is attached to the power unit side which is a vibration source via the rod body 74. Even when the direction vibration is input, the outer cylinder member 14 is not displaced relative to the vehicle body. Therefore, by providing only a mounting space for the outer cylinder member 14 without providing a space around the outer cylinder member 14, interference with other members attached to the vehicle body side can be prevented and a large input load can be obtained. In contrast, linear vibration isolation characteristics can be obtained.
- the rod body 74 can be reduced in weight, so that resonance occurs in a resonance system using the rod body 74 as a mass.
- the frequency can be set to a higher frequency, and the deterioration of the vibration state in the practical region due to the resonance of the resonance system is prevented.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 10 has a structure in which the inner shaft member 12 has the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 inserted into the sleeve member 18 from one of the openings, and the sleeve member 18 and the outer cylinder.
- the member 14 extends continuously over the entire length without being divided in the axial direction. Therefore, in the inner shaft member 12 and the outer cylinder member 14, the fixing surface of the main rubber elastic body 16 is continuously ensured to be large, so that a large rubber volume in the axial direction of the main rubber elastic body 16 is ensured. In addition, it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in tuning the vibration-proof characteristics and the durability. In addition, the main rubber elastic body 16 can be firmly fixed to the inner shaft member 12 and the outer cylinder member 14.
- first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are inserted into the sleeve member 18 in a temporarily assembled state that is allowed to move in the axial direction without being directly fixed to the main rubber elastic body 16. Therefore, in the rod fixing step for attaching the rod main body 74, the relative approaching movement of the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 by the fastening force of the fixing bolt 90 and the nut 34 causes the elasticity of the main rubber elastic body 16. Allowed without hindering. Accordingly, the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 can be brought into contact with the rod main body 74 without requiring a large force for fastening the fixing bolt 90 to the nut 34, and the first and second Distortion of the main rubber elastic body 16 due to the displacement of the second connecting members 20 and 22 is also avoided.
- first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are in contact with the first mounting portion 80 of the rod body 74, and the first mounting portion 80 is moved by the first and second connecting members 20 and 22. Since being sandwiched, rattling of the rod body 74 with respect to the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 is prevented, and the rod body 74 is held in a stable mounting state.
- first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are movable in the axial direction with respect to the sleeve member 18, the axial dimension of the rod end insertion space 72 can be set with high accuracy.
- the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 can be stably brought into contact with the rod body 74.
- the engaging recess 38 formed on the nut 34 of the first connecting member 20 is engaged with the engaging protrusion 86 of the rod body 74 so that the engaging recess 38 and the engaging protrusion 86 are connected to the inner.
- the shaft member 12 is locked in the direction perpendicular to the axis. Therefore, the rod main body 74 is positioned and held relative to the first connecting member 20 in the direction perpendicular to the axis, so that the rod main body 74 is advantageously prevented from coming off from the rod end insertion space 72, and the shaft
- the shear force exerted on the fixing bolt 90 by the right angle input is reduced, and the durability is improved.
- the outer cylinder member 14 is also integrated without being divided, a large allowance for press-fitting into a holder (not shown) is ensured in the axial direction, and the resistance of the outer cylinder member 14 to the holder can be further increased.
- the tilting of the outer cylinder member 14 with respect to the holder is also efficiently limited, and a stable mounting state is realized.
- FIG. 11 shows a cylindrical vibration isolator 100 for a vibration isolating connecting rod as a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 100 has a structure in which an inner shaft member 102 and an outer cylindrical member 14 are elastically connected by a main rubber elastic body 16.
- an inner shaft member 102 and an outer cylindrical member 14 are elastically connected by a main rubber elastic body 16.
- the inner shaft member 102 has a structure in which the first connecting member 104 and the second connecting member 106 are inserted into the sleeve member 18 having a substantially polygonal cylindrical shape from each one opening.
- the first connecting member 104 has a substantially bottomed polygonal cylindrical shape having an outer peripheral shape corresponding to the inner peripheral shape of the sleeve member 18, and an insertion end defining portion having a flange shape is formed at the upper end portion of the peripheral wall portion.
- the sleeve contact protrusion 108 is integrally formed.
- the bottom wall portion of the first connecting member 104 is formed with a bolt hole 110 penetrating the central portion in the vertical direction, and an engagement convex portion 112 as a fitting portion around the bolt hole 110 is provided below. Is formed to protrude. Furthermore, a nut 114 is fixed to the upper surface of the bottom wall portion of the first connecting member 104 by means such as welding, and a screw hole of the nut 114 is communicated with the bolt hole 110.
- the second connecting member 106 has a structure in which the nut 114 is removed from the first connecting member 104, and is substantially the same structure as the first connecting member 104 and is turned upside down.
- the second connecting member 106 is also provided with a sleeve contact protrusion 108 and an engaging convex portion 112 similar to the first connecting member 104.
- the 1st, 2nd connection members 104 and 106 of this embodiment can be obtained simply and cheaply, for example by pressing a metal plate material.
- the engaging convex portion 112 formed on the bottom wall portions of the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 can be easily formed by bending a peripheral portion of the bolt hole 110 in the bottom wall portion. .
- the first connecting member 104 is inserted into the inner hole 70 of the sleeve member 18 covered with the inner rubber layer 48 from the upper opening, and the second connecting member 106 is inserted from the lower opening.
- the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 are assembled to the sleeve member 18 so as to be movable in the axial direction.
- the bottom walls of the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 are vertically separated, and the rod end insertion space 72 is provided between the bottom walls of the first and second connecting members 104 and 106. Is formed.
- the sleeve contact protrusion 108 of the first connecting member 104 is in contact with the upper end surface of the sleeve member 18 via the inner rubber layer 48 and the sleeve of the second connecting member 106.
- the contact protrusion 108 is spaced downward with respect to the lower end surface of the sleeve member 18.
- first and second connecting members 104 and 106 are temporarily assembled to the sleeve member 18 so as to be movable, the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 are attached to the sleeve member 18.
- the sleeve abutting protrusions 108 and 108 may be inserted until they abut against the axial end surface of the sleeve member 18.
- the first connecting member 104 and the second connecting member 106 are formed of the same shape press fitting, which is excellent. It can be manufactured at low cost with mass productivity. In addition, the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 can be reduced in weight by forming them with thin press fittings.
- the cylindrical vibration isolator 100 of this embodiment having such a structure is attached to one end of a rod body 74 and is a torque rod 116 as an anti-vibration connecting rod.
- a torque rod 116 as an anti-vibration connecting rod.
- one end of the rod main body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 of the inner shaft member 102 through the rod insertion holes 24 and 46 of the cylindrical vibration isolator 100.
- the fixing bolt 90 inserted through the bolt holes 110 and 110 of the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 and the bolt hole 84 of the rod body 74 is screwed to the nut 114 of the first connecting member 104.
- engaging recesses 118 are formed around the upper and lower openings of the bolt hole 84, respectively.
- the rod body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 with a gap with respect to the first connecting member 104. (See FIG. 14).
- the fixing bolt 90 is tightened to the nut 114, the second connecting member 106 is moved in the insertion direction with respect to the sleeve member 18, and as shown in FIG. 13, the first and second connecting members are moved.
- the members 104 and 106 are superposed in contact with one of the upper and lower surfaces of the rod body 74.
- the engaging projections 112, 112 of the first and second connecting members 104, 106 are fitted into one of the engaging recesses 118, 118 opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the rod body 74, so that the engaging projections
- the rod body 74 is positioned in the direction perpendicular to the inner shaft member 102 by the outer circumferential surface of the portion 112 being locked to the inner circumferential surface of the engaging recess 118 in the direction perpendicular to the axis.
- the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 fixed to the rod main body 74 are formed of press fittings and are lightweight. It is possible to more effectively prevent the resonance phenomenon of the resonance system having the first and second connecting members 104 and 106 as masses from adversely affecting the vibration state in the practical frequency range.
- the sleeve member is not limited to a polygonal cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a cylindrical shape.
- the sleeve member has a cross section in the circumferential direction so that relative rotation of the first and second connecting members with respect to the sleeve member is prevented. It is desirable that the shape changes into a cylindrical shape.
- a metal nut 34 is inserted into the resin main body 26 and formed integrally is exemplified.
- the main body and the nut are integrally formed of metal. You can also
- the structure using the fixing bolt 90 and the nut 34 as the fastening member is illustrated, but the fixing means for the first and second connecting members and the rod body is the illustrated bolt fixing structure.
- the first and second connecting members and the rod body can be fixed by, for example, rivets (pin caulking structure).
- the distance between the insertion tip surfaces of the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 is previously made larger than the dimension in the same direction of the first mounting portion 80 of the rod body 74.
- the rod main body 74 is easily inserted into the rod end insertion space 72 with a gap, but this is merely an example and is not limited.
- the distance between the insertion tip surfaces of the first connecting member 20 and the second connecting member 22 is the same as that of the first mounting portion 80 in the rod main body 74 in advance.
- the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are inserted into the sleeve member 18 so as to be equal to or smaller than the dimension in the direction.
- the rod main body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space 72, whereby an axially outward insertion force is applied to the first and second connecting members 20 and 22.
- the 1st attaching part 80 of the rod main body 74 is inserted in the rod end insertion space 72, expanding the distance between the insertion front end surfaces of the 1st connection member 20 and the 2nd connection member 22.
- the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are fixed to the rod main body 74 by the fixing bolt 90, and the first and second connecting members 20 and 22 are moved close to each other to move the rod main body.
- the rod body 74 is attached to the inner shaft member 12 by being brought into contact with 74.
- the rod body 74 is inserted into the rod end insertion space. Can be inserted at location 72.
- the present invention is also applicable to a vibration isolating connecting rod other than the torque rod and a cylindrical vibration isolator used therefor.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- ロッド本体に取り付けられるインナ軸部材とアウタ筒部材とが、本体ゴム弾性体によって相互に弾性連結された防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置であって、
前記インナ軸部材はスリーブ部材に対して第一の連結部材と第二の連結部材が軸方向に重ね合わされて挿入された構造を有しており、該スリーブ部材の外周面には前記本体ゴム弾性体が固着されていると共に、
該スリーブ部材に挿入された該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材の軸方向の重ね合わせ面が相互に離隔しており、それら第一の連結部材と第二の連結部材の間にロッド端挿入空所が形成されていると共に、該ロッド端挿入空所が該スリーブ部材および該アウタ筒部材の周壁に開口するロッド挿通孔を通じて外部に連通されており、
該ロッド挿通孔を通じて該ロッド端挿入空所に差し入れられる該ロッド本体の一方の端部が該第一の連結部材および該第二の連結部材に対して締結部材で固定されると共に、該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材が該締結部材によって該ロッド本体にそれぞれ当接せしめられるようにしたことを特徴とする防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置。 - 前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方には、前記ロッド本体と凹凸嵌合される嵌合部が設けられている請求項1に記載の防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置。
- 前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方には前記スリーブ部材に対する挿入端を規定する挿入位置規定部が設けられている請求項1又は2に記載の防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置。
- 前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方には、前記ロッド本体の前記ロッド端挿入空所に対する挿入端を規定するロッド位置規定部が設けられている請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置。
- 前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の何れか一方にナットが一体的に設けられていると共に、前記締結部材が該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材の何れか他方と前記ロッド本体とを貫通するボルト孔に挿通される固定用ボルトとされており、該固定用ボルトが該ナットに螺着されることで該第一の連結部材および該第二の連結部材と該ロッド本体とが相互に固定されると共に、該固定用ボルトを該ナットに締め込むことで該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材が該ロッド本体に当接せしめられるようにした請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載の防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置。
- ロッド本体の一方の端部が請求項1~5の何れか一項に記載された防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置における前記ロッド端挿入空所に差し入れられて、該ロッド本体の一方の端部が前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の重ね合わせ面間に固定されていることを特徴とする防振連結ロッド。
- スリーブ部材とアウタ筒部材の間に本体ゴム弾性体を加硫成形して、それらスリーブ部材とアウタ筒部材を該本体ゴム弾性体で弾性連結するゴム成形工程と、
該スリーブ部材に第一の連結部材と第二の連結部材を挿入して軸方向に重ね合わせると共に、それら第一の連結部材と第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方を該スリーブ部材に対して軸方向へ移動可能に組み付けるインナ仮組工程と、
該スリーブ部材と該アウタ筒部材の周壁に形成されたロッド挿通孔を通じて、該スリーブ部材に挿入された該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材の軸方向の重ね合わせ面間に形成されるロッド端挿入空所にロッド本体を差し入れるロッド挿入工程と、
該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材を該ロッド本体に締結部材で相互に固定すると共に、該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方を該締結部材の締結力により該スリーブ部材に対して軸方向へ移動させてそれら第一の連結部材と第二の連結部材を該ロッド本体に当接させるロッド固定工程と
を、有することを特徴とする防振連結ロッドの製造方法。 - 前記インナ仮組工程において前記スリーブ部材に挿入された前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材との重ね合わせ面間の距離を前記ロッド本体よりも大きくして、
前記ロッド挿入工程において該ロッド本体の一方の端部を前記ロッド端挿入空所に該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材の重ね合わせ面の少なくとも一方に対する隙間をもって挿入すると共に、
前記ロッド固定工程において該第一の連結部材と該第二の連結部材を相対的に接近変位せしめて該ロッド本体に当接させる請求項7に記載の防振連結ロッドの製造方法。 - 前記ロッド挿入工程において、前記ロッド本体を前記ロッド端挿入空所に差し入れる際の挿入分力によって前記第一の連結部材と前記第二の連結部材の少なくとも一方を前記スリーブ部材の軸方向外方に移動させながら、該ロッド本体を該ロッド端挿入空所に差し入れる請求項7に記載の防振連結ロッドの製造方法。
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| JP2014549243A JP5687400B1 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | 防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置とそれを用いた防振連結ロッド、防振連結ロッドの製造方法 |
| DE112014006527.7T DE112014006527T5 (de) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Rohrförmige Schwingungsdämpfungsvorrichtung mit Verwendung für eine Schwingungsdämpfungsverbindungsstange Schwingungsdämpfungsverbindungsstange mit Verwendung derselben sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schwingungsdämpfungsverbindungsstange |
| PCT/JP2014/059237 WO2015145749A1 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | 防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置とそれを用いた防振連結ロッド、防振連結ロッドの製造方法 |
| US14/929,935 US9476479B2 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-11-02 | Tubular vibration-damping device used for vibration-damping connecting rod, vibration-damping connecting rod using the same, and method of manufacturing vibration-damping connecting rod |
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| PCT/JP2014/059237 WO2015145749A1 (ja) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | 防振連結ロッド用筒型防振装置とそれを用いた防振連結ロッド、防振連結ロッドの製造方法 |
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| US9242542B2 (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2016-01-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for reducing engine roll |
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2014
- 2014-03-28 WO PCT/JP2014/059237 patent/WO2015145749A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-03-28 JP JP2014549243A patent/JP5687400B1/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-03-28 DE DE112014006527.7T patent/DE112014006527T5/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-11-02 US US14/929,935 patent/US9476479B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| EP1247678A2 (de) * | 2001-04-07 | 2002-10-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Pendelstütze für ein Aggregat in einem Kraftfahrzeug |
| EP2105629A1 (de) * | 2002-08-01 | 2009-09-30 | Anvis Deutschland GmbH | Radiallager |
| JP2006250234A (ja) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-09-21 | Bizen Hatsujo Kk | ラテラルリンク |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018198413A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-01 | 住友理工株式会社 | トルクロッド |
| WO2018198412A1 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-01 | 住友理工株式会社 | トルクロッド |
| JP6417499B1 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-07 | 住友理工株式会社 | トルクロッド |
| JP6424299B1 (ja) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-11-14 | 住友理工株式会社 | トルクロッド |
| CN110537035A (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-12-03 | 住友理工株式会社 | 扭转杆 |
| CN110537035B (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2021-04-06 | 住友理工株式会社 | 扭转杆 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20160053848A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
| US9476479B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
| JP5687400B1 (ja) | 2015-03-18 |
| DE112014006527T5 (de) | 2016-12-22 |
| JPWO2015145749A1 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
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