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WO2015140521A1 - Réseaux sonar - Google Patents

Réseaux sonar Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015140521A1
WO2015140521A1 PCT/GB2015/050755 GB2015050755W WO2015140521A1 WO 2015140521 A1 WO2015140521 A1 WO 2015140521A1 GB 2015050755 W GB2015050755 W GB 2015050755W WO 2015140521 A1 WO2015140521 A1 WO 2015140521A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
interest
sound receiving
receiving elements
signal portions
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB2015/050755
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert James Miller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BAE Systems PLC
Original Assignee
BAE Systems PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB1404818.5A external-priority patent/GB2524264A/en
Priority claimed from EP14250045.3A external-priority patent/EP2921874A1/fr
Application filed by BAE Systems PLC filed Critical BAE Systems PLC
Publication of WO2015140521A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015140521A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/80—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • G01S3/8006—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single aerial system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sonar arrays and in particular to passive sonar arrays.
  • a passive sonar array system monitors an underwater scene and listens for sounds or tones emitted by an object of interest or target, and provides an indication of the location of the object of interest relative to the array, typically in terms of the bearing of the object relative to the array.
  • the accuracy with which the location can be determined depends both on the beamwidth of the sonar (with narrower beams generally improving accuracy), and the signal to background ratio of the signals received by the sound receiving elements of the sonar array (with improved signal to background enabling improved location accuracy).
  • the beamwidth of the array is inversely proportional to the length of the array.
  • typical sonar arrays are of extended length, arranged for example as a flank array on a platform such as a submarine, ship, or towed array.
  • this invention provides a method of processing the outputs of an array of sound receiving elements configured in use to monitor a scene containing one or more objects of interest, the or each objects of interest emitting a sound signal that includes a respective frequency component, the method comprising: identifying a frequency component corresponding to a possible object of interest in said scene; selecting from the output of each of said sound receiving elements a signal portion corresponding to said given frequency component and passing the signal portion selected from each of said sound receiving elements to a beamforming arrangement to obtain an estimate of the location of the object of interest relative to said array.
  • the signal portions from each of the sound receiving elements corresponding to a possible object of interest are extracted from the remainder of the signal, thereby improving subsequent estimation of the location e.g. the bearing of the object of interest.
  • the invention contemplates an arrangement for determining the location a single object, in many cases the system will operate to detect the location of several objects.
  • said identifying step may identify for each object of interest a respective frequency component, and said selecting step may select for each object of interest a respective signal portion, and selectively passing the selected signal portions for each given object of interest to a beamforming arrangement to obtain for each object of interest an estimate of its location relative to said array.
  • the normal order of processing is reversed, so that discrete frequency components (otherwise referred to as tones) arising from separate targets or objects are identified, and then those frequency components are selected or extracted and isolated from the remainder of the signal and the other tones.
  • This selection improves the signal to noise ratio which is beneficial for subsequent beamforming and location of the objects.
  • each beam contains only one object source or target, and so no resolution of multiple sources is necessary.
  • said signal portions may be obtained by filtering the outputs of said sound receiving elements.
  • the signal portions corresponding to said objects of interest may be selected in parallel or sequentially. Likewise in one embodiment the selected signal portions are passed to a plurality of respective beamforming arrangements, but it is also possible instead to pass the selected signal portions are passed in sequence to a common beamforming arrangement for processing sequentially.
  • the method may include the step of applying spatial filtering to the outputs of said sound receiving elements to reduce the noise component in the signals prior to selecting the signal portions corresponding to the or each respective object of interest.
  • this invention provides a method of processing the outputs of an array of sound receiving elements configured in use to monitor a scene containing one or more objects of interest (Obj 1 , Obj 2...) each emitting a sound signal including a frequency component at or around a respective frequency (F-i, F 2 etc), the method comprising: analysing the outputs of each of said sound receiving elements to detect the presence of one or more of said frequency components, selecting from each of said sound receiving elements respective signal portions corresponding to the or each detected frequency component, for each of the frequency components, passing the corresponding signal portions to a beamforming arrangement to obtain an estimate of the locations of the objects of interest relative to said array.
  • this invention provides a sonar array system for obtaining an estimate of the location of an object of interest in a scene, comprising: an array of sound receiving elements configured to monitor a scene; a selection arrangement for selecting from each of the outputs of said sound receiving elements at least one signal portion containing a frequency component emitted in use by an object of interest; and a beamforming arrangement for receiving the said signal portions from each of said sound receiving elements and for determining an estimate of the location of the object in the scene.
  • the system is arranged to obtain estimates of the locations of a plurality of objects in said scene, and said selection arrangement selects from each of said sound receiving elements a plurality of signal portions, each signal portion containing a frequency component emitted in use by a respective object of interest, and said beamforming arrangement is configured to receive for each given object of interest the corresponding selected signal portions from each sound receiving element, and to determine estimates of the locations of each of the objects of interest.
  • said selection arrangement comprises a plurality of bandpass filters each for passing a respective signal portion corresponding to said frequency component.
  • a common plurality of bandpass filters may be used, or each sound receiving element may be provided with its own plurality of bandpass filters.
  • the system preferably includes respective beamformers each configured to receive from said selection arrangement the signal portions corresponding to a respective frequency component. Whilst the invention has been described above, it extends to any inventive combination or sub-combination of the features set out above, or in the following description and accompanying drawings, or the claims.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a shortened flank sonar array in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a flow chart identifying the operations performed in the array of Figure 1 .
  • a sonar array comprises an array of sound receiving elements 10-i...10m directed to monitor a scene that may contain several targets or objects of interest each of which emits a distinct tone.
  • Each sound receiving element outputs a time series which is passed to a respective frequency analysis module 12-i...12m which performs a frequency analysis on the time series in order to identify discrete tones in the data arising from separate targets or objects of interest. It is assumed that distinct tones are associated with each target so that separation of the tones effectively separates out each target or object of interest.
  • Groups of filters 14-i...14n, 24-i...24n, m4-i...m4n etc receive the signals from each sound receiving element, with each filter being set to extract one of the tones from the other tones, to maximise signal to background noise ratio using coherent integration gain.
  • the tones are extracted from each sound receiving element and phase is maintained.
  • the filtered signals from all the sound receiving elements for a given tone are passed to respective beamformers 16-i...16n which combine the filtered signals in a beamforming operation to give estimates of the bearings of each of the targets or objects of interest emitting tones in the scene.
  • the beamforming of each set of tones may use known beamforming techniques, and may typically implement digital interpolation beamforming for improved accuracy. It will be appreciated that each formed beam contains signals from only one target and so no resolution of different sources is necessary.
  • the coherent integration gain should yield high signal to background ratio to allow improved accuracy of bearing estimates, and this allows accurate bearing estimates to be recovered from a short array.
  • the arrangement as illustrated may be modified to include initial spatial filtering prior to frequency analysis, for example to steer nulls at the noise.
  • the raw data signals from the sound receiving elements are optionally subjected to an initial spatial filtering step 101 to reduce own ship noise by steering one or more nulls towards the source or sources of noise.
  • the signals from the sound receiving elements are each subjected in step 102 to frequency analysis to identify 'n' discrete tones each corresponding to a different target/object of interest.
  • the information from the frequency analysis in step 103 is used to control a bank of filters for each sound receiving element so as to separate from the signal from each sound receiving elements the tones corresponding to targets/objects of interest.
  • the tones for a particular target/object of interest are combined in a beamforming operation at step 104, and the bearing estimates objected at step 105.
  • each of the sound receiving element signals may be filtered in parallel and then subjected to beamforming in parallel, so that all the tones are processed simultaneously, or they may be processed in sequential or interleaved fashion.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un réseau sonar passif, les signaux provenant des éléments de réception de son (10-1... 10m) sont analysés pour rechercher des tonalités discrètes correspondant à des cibles distinctes ou des objets d'intérêt distincts dans une scène surveillée. Après l'identification d'une pluralité de n tonalités, les tonalités en provenance de chaque élément de réception de son sont filtrées (141... 14n ; 241... 24n, etc.) et introduites dans des formeurs de faisceaux distincts (101... 10m) qui permettent aux gisements de chaque cible d'être estimés.
PCT/GB2015/050755 2014-03-17 2015-03-16 Réseaux sonar Ceased WO2015140521A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14250045.3 2014-03-17
GB1404818.5 2014-03-17
GB1404818.5A GB2524264A (en) 2014-03-17 2014-03-17 Sonar arrays
EP14250045.3A EP2921874A1 (fr) 2014-03-17 2014-03-17 Réseaux de sonar

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015140521A1 true WO2015140521A1 (fr) 2015-09-24

Family

ID=52686410

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2015/050755 Ceased WO2015140521A1 (fr) 2014-03-17 2015-03-16 Réseaux sonar

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015140521A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4965732A (en) * 1985-11-06 1990-10-23 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Methods and arrangements for signal reception and parameter estimation
US5886951A (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-23 Wagstaff; Ronald A. Method for enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of amplitude stable signals
GB2395274A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-05-19 Gen Dynamics Advanced Inf Sys Determining relative positions of array lines in towed volumetric array
EP1806952A2 (fr) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-11 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Localisation acoustique et amélioration d'un signal acoustique
US20070280051A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Novick Arnold W Methods and systems for passive range and depth localization
US20100008516A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for position detection of a sound source

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4965732A (en) * 1985-11-06 1990-10-23 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Methods and arrangements for signal reception and parameter estimation
US5886951A (en) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-23 Wagstaff; Ronald A. Method for enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of amplitude stable signals
GB2395274A (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-05-19 Gen Dynamics Advanced Inf Sys Determining relative positions of array lines in towed volumetric array
EP1806952A2 (fr) * 2006-01-06 2007-07-11 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Localisation acoustique et amélioration d'un signal acoustique
US20070280051A1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2007-12-06 Novick Arnold W Methods and systems for passive range and depth localization
US20100008516A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 International Business Machines Corporation Method and system for position detection of a sound source

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BRIAN U. PELTZER, MYRON E. HOHIL, EDDY K. TSUI: "Networked Sensors in Support of the NATO TG-25 Field Test Experiment", PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE 5417 UNATTENDED/UNMANNED GROUND, OCEAN, AND AIR SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS VI, vol. 5417, 1 September 2004 (2004-09-01), PO BOX 10 BELLINGHAM WA 98227-0010 USA, pages 393 - 402, XP040184810 *

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