Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D7/00—Shaft equipment, e.g. timbering within the shaft
  • E21D7/02—Arrangement of guides for cages in shafts; Connection of guides for cages to shaft walls
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D1/00—Sinking shafts
  • E21D1/03—Sinking shafts mechanically, e.g. by loading shovels or loading buckets, scraping devices, conveying screws
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
  • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
  • E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms

Definitions

• This invention relates to guiding movement of a conveyance up and down a mine shaft. It has particular but not exclusive application to guiding conveyances that convey materials and personnel up/down a mine shaft from top of shaft to an excavation region during formation of the mine shaft, and it may also have application to other purposes such as the delivery of personnel and materials up/down a mineshaft between successive lateral branches of the mineshaft at different underground depths.
• This invention also relates to mine shaft conveyance systems for raising and/or lowering a
• each loaded skip or other conveyance must travel down the mine shaft and through a work stage or "Galloway".
• the requirements of the system that controls and/or guides movement of the respective conveyance change as the conveyance moves through different sections (e.g. moving through the Galloway versus moving from top of mine shaft to the Galloway) of a mine shaft.
• the present invention provides a system to meet one or more of the changes in system requirements.
• skip refers inter alia to a conveyance used to bring mined material to the top of a mine shaft. Skips are manufactured in various sizes and designs for both vertical and incline shafts, and
• bottom door dump type conveyances generally include bottom door dump type conveyances .
• Skips are distinct from “buckets" insofar as: a) skips are self-dumping; b) the properties of skips make them
• cylindrical shaped conveyances use to transport blasted rock from the shaft bottom, during shaft construction (sinking) operations.
• buckets When compared with skips , buckets : a) require manual dumping
• guide refers to a member along which a conveyance travels down a mine shaft, and that resists or prevents both rotation of the conveyance and lateral movements of the conveyance relative to the mine shaft. Such a “guide” provides no motive or drive force to cause movement of the conveyance .
• the present invention provides a conveyance system for moving a conveyance along a mine shaft during shaft construction, comprising:
• a head section for receiving the conveyance, the head section cooperating with the first guide section to enable the conveyance to travel from the second guide section along the first guide section when received by the head section.
• the head section may include a containing section in which the conveyance is at least partially received during travel of the conveyance along the first guide section.
• the head section may include a chairing member that chairs against the conveyance during travel of the
• the chairing member may come into abutment with the conveyance .
• the head section may be configured to depend from the conveyance during movement of the conveyance and head section along the first guide section.
• the head section may be configured to permit passage of a hoist rope attached to the conveyance by which the conveyance is lifted and/or lowered along the mineshaft.
• the head section may be arranged so that the hoist rope can extend through the head section to the
• the conveyance system may be arranged such that the head section chairs against a work stage as the conveyance travels from the first guide section along the second guide section .
• the conveyance system may be arranged such that the head section does not travel along the second guide section.
• the mine shaft may be substantially vertical.
• the first guide section may be a variable length guide section and the section guide section may be a fixed length guide section.
• the first guide section and second guide section may restrict rotational movement and swing movement of the conveyance .
• the first guide section and second guide section may substantially prevent rotational movement and swing movement of the conveyance .
• the conveyance system may concurrently guide multiple conveyances .
• the first and second guide sections may guide each of the multiple conveyances .
• Personnel and/or materials may be transported in a different one or ones of the conveyances to one or more conveyances that transport mined material .
• the present invention further provides a guide system for guiding a conveyance during shaft construction, while lifting and/or lowering of the conveyance in a mine shaft, the system comprising:
• the guide system restricts rotational movement and swing movement of the conveyance .
• the guides may be configured to allow the conveyance to transition from one guide section to the other
• the guide system may further include a variable length lower guide section extending from the intermediate section to accommodate changes in distance between the intermediate section and a lower region of a mineshaft.
• the lower guide section may be extendable without a corresponding extension and/or retraction of the upper guide section .
• the lower guide section may retract as the upper guide section extends .
• the upper guide section may in fact be extendable with downward movements of the intermediate section.
• the lower guide section may extend between the intermediate section and a shaft forming apparatus and extend with movements of the shaft forming apparatus away from the intermediate section, and retract with movement of the intermediate section towards the shaft forming apparatus .
• the upper guide section extends from top of shaft down to a work stage where the upper guide section meets the intermediate section.
• the intermediate section is fixed to the work stage and extends through the work stage to the variable length guide system.
• the lower guide section may extend from the work stage to a shaft forming apparatus, extending as the shaft is formed and retracting as the work stage (and therewith the intermediate section) advances down the mine shaft towards the shaft forming apparatus.
• the upper guide section and intermediate section may meet at a transition region, and the conveyance may comprise a head section and a base section, the transition region being adapted to halt downward travel of the head section whilst permitting the base section to continue downward travel along the intermediate section.
• the invention may be designed for use in a substantially vertical mineshaft.
• the invention also extends to a mine shaft conveyance system comprising a guide system as set out above, and a hoist system for lifting and/or lowering the conveyance along the guide system.
• Figure 1 is a side schematic view of a mine shaft- boring machine employing a guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 2 is a side perspective view of a
• conveyance including head and base sections , in
• Figure 3 is a side perspective view of a base section of the conveyance of Figure 2 engaged with an intermediate or workstage section (fixed guides) of the guide system;
• Figure 4 is a side perspective view of a head section of the conveyance of Figure 2 engaged with the upper guide section (stage ropes) of the guide system;
• Figure 5 is a side schematic view of a lower guide section (telescopic guides) ;
• Figures 6 and 7 show side views of a crosshead or ⁇ bridle' ;
• Figures 8 and 9 show side views of a skip
• Figures 10 and 11 show side views of a crosshead or bridle, with a skip received therein;
• Figure 12 is a side perspective view of a crosshead or bridle
• Figure 13 is a side perspective view of an auxiliary cage or conveyance including a personnel
• Figure 14 is a side perspective view of the crosshead of Figure 12 when received over the conveyance of Figure 13. Detailed Description of the preferred Embodiment • TRADITIONAL SHAFT SINKING
• explosive charges are set, the bottom of the mine shaft is blasted, and blasted rock is loaded into a conveyance for transport to top of shaft. Finally, people and material are moved from the top of shaft down the shaft to the shaft bottom and to working locations such as the work stage .
• kibbles large buckets
• This type of conveyance has been used for 100' s of years.
• kibbles have been traditionally used during shaft sinking.
• the conveyance In order to enable ready loading of a conveyance (e.g. a kibble) at the bottom of a mineshaft, the conveyance should be:
• buckets and kibbles provide these characteristics and are thus the main form of conveyance used in mine shaft sinking/construction processes .
• Buckets and kibbles are freely suspended and unable to have attached, to an outer surface thereof, mechanisms for allowing the bucket or kibble to be coupled to a guide.
• One reason for this is as provided above in point (h) of the Background of the Invention.
• the cross head reaches the Galloway (workstage) the bucket hangs freely, is only constrained horizontally within the workstage but is able to rotate.
• the bucket is below the workstage it is not possible to constrain horizontal swing or rotation.
• hoist speeds of the conveyance are reduced within the workstage and below the workstage.
• the lack of full guidance of the conveyance, and the general inability to fully guide the conveyance causes health and safety risks when transporting people. This is because absolute alignment of the conveyance with, for example, a high tolerance, engineered landing pad is not possible. This creates pinch points and large
• Buckets and kibbles thus slow down the process of mine shaft sinking and are the root cause for some health and safety risks associated with moving people and
• a mechanical excavation system using the disc cutters to fracture the rock is embodied by mine shaft- boring, or shaft-sinking, machine 12 located in a mine shaft 10 in Figure 1.
• the machine 12 comprises a shaft forming apparatus, namely cutting head 14, for excavating the mine shaft 10, and a work stage 16 on which personnel install concrete lining and shaft services in parallel with the excavation of the shaft..
• a mine shaft- boring machine is described in WO2011/000037 in which a rotary cutting head is mounted to a lower end of a main machine frame and is equipped with disc cutters for excavating the rock. Cuttings from the cutting head are passed upwardly to a discharge/loading station in the work stage and are transferred to skips for ascending the shaft to the top of shaft.
• the cutter head 14 and workstage 16 will also descend at different times. So the height of the workstage 16 relative to the bottom of the mineshaft 10 will vary. Moreover, for safety reason the guides along which a skip would travel through the workstage are ideally fixed.
• skips may be used during the production phase of a mine where a single type of guide can be used, skips have traditionally not been workable during the
• the mine shaft 10 is equipped with a mine shaft conveyance system 100 comprising a guide system 20 as discussed below and a hoist system 102 for lifting and/or lowering the skip 18 along the guide system 20.
• a mine shaft conveyance system 100 comprising a guide system 20 as discussed below and a hoist system 102 for lifting and/or lowering the skip 18 along the guide system 20.
• the hoist system 102 is attached to the top of the skip 18 in a known manner and applies the force necessary to controllably lift and lower the skip 18 in the mine shaft 10.
• the guide system 20 guides movement of the skip 18 to ensure, for example, that it does not freely rotate during ascent/descent of the mineshaft 10.
• the skips 18 travels or runs along the guide system 20 for guided travel (i.e. lifting and/or lowering) of the skip 18 in the mineshaft 10.
• the guide system 20 extends along the length of the mine shaft 10 down to the cutter head 14.
• the guide system 20 can be divided into 3 sections:
• the guide sections 24, 22, 26 extend in series from an upper region 28 of the mine shaft 10 to an excavation region 29 in which material is excavated from the mine shaft 10 to deepen the mine shaft 10.
• the upper guide section 24 extends from the workstage guide section 22 to accommodate changes in distance between the workstage guide section 22 and an upper region 28 of the mine shaft 10.
• the skip 18 can travel along the upper guide section 24 as shown in Figure 1, between the top of shaft (e.g. an above ground
• the upper guide section 24 consequently has variable length to accommodate such changes in distance between the upper region 28 and workstage guide section 22. It may similarly be desirable to lift the work stage 16 and so the upper guide section 24 may be retractable in addition, or as an alternative, to being extendable.
• the upper guide section 24 comprises a pair of stage ropes 30 that extend up the barrel of the mine shaft 10, as shown in Figure 2. It will be appreciated that any number of ropes or alternative guide means may be used as desired, and that the ropes may be fabricated from any appropriate material (typically steel) .
• the upper guide section 24 may constitute wire ropes or cables, wound steel pipe or coiled tube, steel straps, chains and so forth. Any other elongated material or structure that can be wound in and wound out may be used as the upper guide section 24.
• the upper guide section 24 comprises multiple pairs of stage ropes 30 enabling multiple conveyances to be guided concurrently up and down the shaft.
• the upper guide section 24 comprises 3 or 4 pairs of stage ropes 30, allowing for 3 to 4 conveyances to be guided simultaneously up and down the shaft.
• stage ropes 30 are received on sheaves or cable drums 34 that unwind and wind to extend and retract the stage ropes 30.
• the upper guide section 24 is extendable and
• the sheaves 34 are mounted in a head frame 36 extending over the open upper end of the mineshaft 10.
• the ropes 30 therefore extend directly downwardly from the sheaves 34 down the mineshaft 10.
• the sheaves 34 maintain sufficient tension in the stage ropes 30 to ensure that the conveyance 18 can travel up/down the upper guide section 24 without significant rotation or lateral deflection.
• the stage ropes 30 assist in maintaining the orientation and
• the stage ropes 30 will in practice be under sufficient tension from suspending the workstage 16 and/or other equipment, that they will form substantially rigid members with respect to any force applied by the skip 18 to the stage ropes 30.
• stage ropes 30 are connected to the top of the work stage 16 by any means
• stage ropes 30 may alternatively wind through sheaves mounted to the work stage 16.
• first (upper) guide section 24 may extend into the work stage 16 such that the work stage 16 is suspended from a lower point, or even from the bottom of the work stage 16. All such variations are intended to constitute part of the present disclosure.
• stage ropes 30 may be connected directly to the workstage guide section 22.
• the present stage ropes 30 are connected to the work stage 16 and the workstage section 22 extends along a parallel, but not collinear, path as shown in Figure 1.
• different guide means namely bushings 32 and channels 40, being the preferred guide means for use with the different types of guides, namely the wire ropes or stage ropes 30 of the upper guide section 24 and the fixed rails 38 of the workstage guide section 22, respectively.
• the length of the upper guide section 24 is desirably flexible so as to enable it to extend along with extension of the mineshaft 10.
• the length of the work stage 16 is relatively fixed so no such flexibility (i.e. being
• the conveyance 18 be oriented consistently at loading/unloading points in the work stage 16.
• the workstage guide section 22 is rigid and fixed in position relative to the work stage 16.
• the skip 18 and cage can be stopped in a consistent position on the workstage guide section 22, with consistent, known orientation to enable fast and efficient loading of rock into the skip and safe egress of personnel and equipment from the cage.
• the workstage guide section 22 comprises a plurality of fixed rails 38 that are rigidly attached at various intervals to the work stage 16.
• the fixed rails 38 slide in channels 40 (discussed in relation to Figures 8 and 9) so that the skip 18 can advance through the work stage 16.
• the channels 40 are necessarily open at one side to enable the skip 18 to slide past connections (not shown) between the fixed rails 38 and the work stage 16.
• the fixed rails 38 extend a short distance above the connection between the stage ropes 30 (i.e. the upper guide section 24) and the work stage 16 so that guiding of the skip 18 on the fixed rails 38 commences before the stage ropes 30 cease guiding the head section 18' when the conveyance 18 is received therein.
• excavation region guide section 26 constitutes part of the embodiment shown in Figure 1, it will be appreciated that no such guide section 26 may be necessary, and that the upper guide section 24 and lower or workstage guide section 22 can be provided without also providing the excavation region guide section 26.
• the excavation region guide section 26 is
• excavation region guide section 26 of Figure 1 also constitutes a variable length guide section.
• the excavation region guide section 26 has variable length and is extendable without a corresponding extension and/or retraction of the workstage guide section 22.
• the cutting head 14 may advance 10.5m and then cease cutting, at which time the work stage 16 advances 10.5m down the mineshaft 10 towards the cutting head 14 and lining of the next 10.5m section of the mineshaft 10 can commence in the work stage 16.
• the excavation region guide section 26 extends so that the workstage 16 can remain in position until the concrete sets and/or services (e.g. ducting, wiring, etc.) are installed, and as the workstage 16 advances the excavation region guide section 26 retracts.
• the excavation region guide section 26 retracts as the upper guide section 24 extends. This is because extension of the upper guide section 24 results in lowering of the work stage 16 towards the cutting head 14. It is noted that the upper guide section 24 extends with downward movements of the workstage 16 and workstage guide section 22.
• the excavation region guide section 26 comprises a telescopic guide assembly including a plurality of
• telescopic guides such as telescopic guide 44 as shown in Figure 5.
• the telescopic guides 44 ensure there is always a guide extending the full distance between the work stage 16 and cutting head 14 so that a conveyance can be guided between them even as the distance changes. Rotation of the conveyance when travelling along the variable length lower guide section 26 is undesirable due to the limited space and critical nature of the equipment between and in the work stage 16 and cutting head 14.
• telescopic guide systems are preferred as they constrain rotational and lateral/horizontal movement of a conveyance moving along the guide system, even though the length of the guide system changes.
• other flexible length guides could be used in this section such as ropes , etc .
• the conveyances 18 shown herein may have another shape, for example they may have a square or rectangular cross-section, and so
• the excavation region guide section 26 may constitute a system supplied entirely separately from the complete guide system 20 described above, and be designed for fitting to an
• Such an excavation region guide section 26 (i.e. variable length guide system) would also be for guiding a conveyance along the mine shaft 10, and would extend from the work stage 16, the excavation region guide section 26 being extendable or retractable to accommodate changes in distance between the work stage 16 and the lower region 42 of a mineshaft 10.
• the excavation region guide section 26 as shown in Figure 5 extends to, or in the direction of, a shaft forming apparatus such as cutting head 14, and would thus extend or retract with changes in distance between the work stage 16 and shaft forming apparatus.
• the telescopic guide 44 of the excavation region guide section 26 comprises an upper rail 46 and a lower rail 48 that is slidably received in a lower end of the upper rail 46.
• the lower end of the fixed rail 38 is received in the upper end of the upper rail 46.
• the lower rail 48 extends from the upper rail 46.
• the lower rail 48 retracts into the upper rail 46.
• the channels 40 are flared on their upper and lower ends .
• the telescopic guide assembly may comprise any number of concentrically
• the telescopic guide 44 may comprise only a single rail (e.g. upper rail 46) that receives the fixed rail 34 attached to the work stage 16. As such the fixed rail 34 and upper rail 46 together would form a telescopic guide system 44.
• lower rail 48 may be sized to be received in fixed rail 34, thus omitting upper rail 46.
• the upper rail 46 may in fact retract up the fixed rail 38 as the work stage 16 advances, and extend from the fixed rail 38 as the cutting head advances provided that there are no
• the guide system 20 comprises a variable length upper guide section 24 extending upwardly from the work stage 16, a fixed length workstage guide section 22 fixed to the workstage 16 intermediate the other guide sections 24, 26, and a variable length lower (i.e.
• excavation region guide section 26 extending downwardly from the workstage 16 towards a lower region in the mineshaft 10.
• skips 18 (and 64 as described below) as conveyances is particularly advantageous as skips can be filled from the top or side, discharged from the bottom, e.g. using arc gate skips and corresponding latches positioned at the location at which the skips will be discharged.
• buckets must be upended, typically manually, and are thus generally open-topped to enable material to fall out during discharging.
• buckets usually have chains hanging from the sides, which make proper alignment of the bucket with, e.g. a loading/discharge point, more difficult than with skips that are fully guided at all times . Skips are thus a safer and more efficient alternative to buckets.
• the stage ropes 30 run in running bushings 32 provided on a head section 18' (shown in Figures 2 and 3) that receives the skip 18.
• the head section 18' guides movement of the skip 18 between the upper region 28 of the mine shaft 10 and the work stage 16.
• the skip 18 may have any appropriate construction, in the present embodiment it is represented by the construction identified with numeral 64 as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
• the skip 18 may comprise another device such as an auxiliary cage 18' ' .
• an auxiliary cage 18' ' is shown in Figure 2, received in a head section 18' , and in Figure 3 in isolation.
• the head section 18' (which will hereinafter be interchangeably referred to as a "crosshead” or “bridle”) receives the auxiliary cage 18' ' and assists with guiding the auxiliary cage 18' ' along the upper guide section 24 of the guide system 20, as shown in Figure 2.
• the auxiliary cage 18' ' is used for the
• the head section 18' detaches from the auxiliary cage 18' ' .
• the upper guide section 24 and workstage guide section 22 meet at a transition region (not shown) where the head section 18' separates from the auxiliary cage 18' ' .
• the transition region may simply constitute the termination points of the stage ropes 30 and is adapted to halt downward travel of the head section 18' whilst permitting the auxiliary cage 18' ' to continue downward travel along the workstage guide section 22.
• auxiliary cage 18' to guide the auxiliary cage 18' ' along the workstage guide section 22 after the head section 18' has chaired against the workstage 16.
• FIGS. 6 and 7 show side views of a head section 18' .
• the head section 18' comprises a containing section 54, head chairing section 56, base chairing section 58, engagement assembly 60, and guide members 62.
• a conveyance guide system for moving a conveyance or skip 18 along a mineshaft will include a workstage guide section 22, with the skip 18 (which may comprise auxiliary cage 18' ' as shown in Figures 2 and 3, skip 64 as shown in Figures 8 and 9, or another type of conveyance) moveable along the workstage guide section 22, an upper guide section 24 located along the mineshaft 10 in series with the skip 18 (which may comprise auxiliary cage 18' ' as shown in Figures 2 and 3, skip 64 as shown in Figures 8 and 9, or another type of conveyance) moveable along the workstage guide section 22, an upper guide section 24 located along the mineshaft 10 in series with the
• the skip 18 includes a chairing member (e.g. skip chairing section 114) that cooperates with a chairing member (e.g. head chairing section 56) of the head section 18' .
• the chairing member (e.g. skip chairing section 114) of the skip 64 or auxiliary cage 18'' comes into abutment with the chairing member (e.g. head chairing section 56) of the head section 18' , to chair the conveyance 18 in the head section 18' .
• Head section 18' is essentially a passive element of the system. It is passive insofar as movement of the head section 18' is afforded by movement of a conveyance 18 against which the head section 18 is chaired, or by downward movement of the work stage 16 when the head section 18' is chaired against the work stage 16. In other words, the head section 18' depends from the conveyance 18 during movement of the conveyance 18 and head section 18' along the first or upper guide section 24.
• the containing section 54 is for containing or receiving a conveyance 18, such as skip 64 as discussed below or auxiliary cage 18'' as described above.
• the containing section 54 guides movement of the conveyance 18 during movement between the work stage 16 and an upper level (e.g. ground level) of the mineshaft 10.
• the containing section 54 is bounded by four vertical and substantially parallel corner posts 66 the ends of which are interconnected by beams .
• the beams include a group of four horizontal beams 68 in the region of the head chairing section 56 and a similar group of four horizontal beams 70 in the region of the base
• the corner posts 66, and beams 68, 70 together define substantially rectangular sides, top and bottom of the containing section 54.
• the groups of horizontal beams 68, 70 each include two shorter beams and two longer beams, such that the top and bottom of the containing section 54 are substantially
• the containing section 54 has two short sides and two long sides being the sides across which the short beams and long beams respectively extend.
• the posts 66 and beams 68, 70 may be formed from any appropriate material and are presently formed from rectangular hollow section steel that is capped at the ends to avoid internal debris hang-up.
• the containing section 54 further includes brace beams 72 extending between the corner posts 66, generally in the plane of the rectangular sides of the containing section 54 , at points intermediate the ends of the corner posts 66.
• the beams 72 are substantially horizontal and parallel with the beams 68, 70.
• the beams 72 are equidistantly spaced between the head chairing section 56 and the base chairing section 58, and are connected at their ends to the vertical corner posts 66 by bolts 74.
• pairs of diagonal struts 76 extend from opposite sides (above and below) of one end of one beam 72 to the opposite end of the next beam 72 vertically above and below. Only one such diagonal strut 76 extends from the topmost and bottommost beams 72, as those beams 72 have only one neighbouring beam 72 that is respectively below and above the beam 72 in question. Together, the beams 72 and struts 76 resist the containing section 54 forming a mechanism (i.e. resists relative rotation of structural members 66, 68, 72 and 76 about bolts 74), thus providing structural rigidity to the containing section 54.
• the number of beams 72 and struts 76 may be selected as appropriate and may, for example, include 2 or more beams 66 with a corresponding number of struts 76.
• the posts 66, beams 68, 70, 72 and struts 76 are each oriented and/or shaped to discourage debris
• brace beams 72 and diagonal struts 76 may be formed from standard angle section steel opening inwardly of the containing section 54. Since debris will typically fall around the containing section 54 rather than through it, the angle section is unlikely to gather debris .
• These structural members define a volume of the containing section 54 in which goods , conveyances and mined material can travel in an appropriate receptacle or skip.
• the structural members are preferably made from steel, but may alternatively be made from other materials such as aluminium for some
• Extending up the inside of the containing section 54 are guides 55 for guiding progress of a conveyance 18 into and out of the containing section 54 (described below) .
• the guides 55 are of the same shape as guides of the second or workstage guide section 22.
• the guides 55 of the present embodiment are formed from angle-section steel extending up the inside of the containing section 54 in the corners. The angle-section steel aligns with (i.e. becomes coextensive or collinear with) the same size and gauge angle-section steel extending downwardly into the work stage 16 and constituting part of the workstage guide section 22.
• the guides 55 and workstage guide section 22 are consistently shaped and come into alignment when the head section 18' chairs against the work stage 16, to provide a consistent guide path for the skip 18 moving into or out of the containing section 54.
• the head chairing section 56 is for chairing against the skip 18, so that the head section 18' and conveyance 18 travel in abutment upwardly from the work stage 16 along the upper guide section 24.
• the head chairing section 56 provides a rigid structural frame from which the weight of the head section 18' can depend during travel upwardly from the work stage 16.
• the head chairing section 56 is bounded at the sides by the corner posts 66, at the top by beams 68 and head chairing bars 77 and, across the long sides of the containing section 54, cross members 78. Across the shorts sides of the containing section 54 the head
• chairing section 56 is bounded by cross members 80.
• Cross members 80 extend across the short sides of the containing section 54 at a level slightly higher than cross members 78, so as to be spaced a distance from the next lower beam 72 that is the same as the distance between that beam 72 and the next lower beam 72.
• the head chairing section 56 abuts or "chairs” against the conveyance 18 when the conveyance 18 is hoisted from the work stage 16 into the containing section 54. After the conveyance 18 has chaired against the head chairing section 56, the head section 18' travels with the conveyance 18 as it is hoisted upwardly along the upper guide section 24 away from the work stage 16.
• the head chairing bars 77 are positioned symmetrically about a centre axis Y of the containing section 54. This symmetrical positioning ensures that the conveyance 18 is centred in the head section 18' during ascent up the upper guide section 24.
• the head chairing bars 77 extend substantially perpendicularly between the beams 68 that extend across the long sides of the
• the head chairing bars 77 support upper ends of diagonal chairing bars 82 that extend between the head chairing bars 77 and the cross members 78.
• the diagonal chairing bars 82 chair against the top of the conveyance 18 as discussed below (described below in relation to Figures 10 and 11) .
• the diagonal chairing bars 82 are paired, with a pair of diagonal chairing bars 82 positioned towards each end of a respective head chairing bar 77, symmetrically about the centre axis Y of the containing section 54.
• Impact liners 84 are attached to the diagonal chairing bars 82 by any appropriate means , to reduce the impact of a conveyance 18 as it chairs against the
• the impact liners each constitute a sleeve for receiving a respective diagonal chairing bar 82 before attachment of the diagonal chairing bar 82 to the head chairing bars 77 and cross members 78.
• the impact liners 84 are positioned on the undersides of the diagonal chairing bars 82. While in the present case each diagonal chairing bar 82 is provided with an individual impact liner 84, a single impact liner 84 may extend across the underside of more than one diagonal chairing bar 82. For example, a single impact liner 84 may extend across the undersides of the two diagonal chairing bars 82 of a particular pair of diagonal chairing bars 82.
• the impact liners 84 may be formed from any appropriate material, such as rubber, neoprene or a soft metal.
• the impact liners 84 may instead not be designed to absorb much, if any, impact and may instead be formed from a long-wearing material .
• the hoisting speed of the conveyance 18 may be slowed to a "creep speed", being a speed at which chairing will not cause a significant amount of vibration through the head section 18' .
• impact liners 84 are preferable as they remove the need to slow the conveyance 18 down to a "creep speed". Accordingly, the time required for the conveyance 18 to traverse the shaft is reduced, which in turn adds to the overall increase in muck removal speed and hence shaft sinking speed.
• the base chairing section 58 is for chairing against the work stage 16 after the head section 18' has descended thereupon. In practice, the head section 18' will chair against the work stage 16 as the skip 18 travels from the upper guide section 24 along the
• the skip 18 is released from the head section 18' to continue down through the work stage 16 for unloading and/or loading.
• the base chairing section 58 is bounded at its corners by the vertical posts 66, at the bottom generally by beams 70, and at the top by cross members 86.
• Cross members 86 extend across the sides of the containing section 54 between corner posts 66 to which the cross members 86 are bolted.
• the base section 58 in effect provides a rigid structural impact frame for supporting the weight of the head section 18' when chaired against the work stage 16.
• the base chairing section 58 includes four guide plates 90 extending from the corner posts 66 on the opposite short sides of the head section 18' ,
• Each guide plate 90 is planar and lies in a vertical plane, the respective plate 90 tapering upwardly towards a respective corner post 66.
• the base chairing section 58 is also provided with impact buffers or stops 88 depending downwardly from the lower ends of the vertical corner posts 66.
• the impact buffers or stops 88 reduce the impact or impulse load as the head section 18' chairs against the work stage 16.
• the impact buffers or stops 88 may be mounted to the corner posts 66 (or along beams 70 if desired) by any appropriate means.
• the impact buffers or stops 88 comprise a small square tab of rubberised shock
• the bolt extends through an aperture in the end capping of the corner post 66 or other aperture, and is secured in position by tightening a nut (not shown) onto the bolt.
• the head section 18' is guided along the upper guide section 24.
• the head section 18' is provided with two pairs of guide rope bearings 92.
• One guide rope bearing 92' of each pair of guide rope bearings 92 is welded or otherwise attached to the head section 18' at the head chairing section 56.
• the other guide rope bearing 92' ' of the respective pair of guide rope bearings 92 is welded or otherwise attached to the head section 18' at the base chairing section 58.
• Each guide rope bearing 92' , 92' ' comprises a roller set 96 that runs along the stage ropes (designated by broken line Z) of the upper guide section 24.
• the roller set 96 is fixed to a mount 94 for mounting the respective roller set 96 to the containing section 54.
• Each mount 94 comprises a U-shaped bent plate, with the ends of the arms of the U-shape attached (e.g. welded) to the containing section 54 , and the respective roller set 96 attached (e.g. welded) to the base of the U-shape.
• Each roller set 96 comprises a plurality of annular rollers (not shown) housed in a cylindrical housing 98.
• the housing 98 comprises two halves hinged together so that the housing 98 can be closed around a stage rope Z when installing a head section 18' .
• a tapered (e.g. torpedoed) plate 110 is attached to the outside of the housing 96. As the head section 18' travels upwardly into the mineshaft conveyance system 100, the plates 110 enter female guides (not shown) to
• 92 may be substituted for another guide mechanism (e.g. replaceable bronze bushings and/or spear guide slippers) to suit a different type of upper guide section 24 (e.g. rails mounted in the lining of the mineshaft) .
• another guide mechanism e.g. replaceable bronze bushings and/or spear guide slippers
• upper guide section 24 e.g. rails mounted in the lining of the mineshaft
• the head section 18' is thus configured so that the hoist rope extends through the head section 18' to the skip 18. Therefore, as the skip 18 chairs in the head section 18' on its upward path, both the head section 18' and skip 18 are lifted up the mineshaft 10 by the hoist rope pulling on the conveyance 18.
• interconnected members e.g. members 66, 68, 70, 72
• members 66, 68, 70, 72 may be connected by nuts and bolts, welding, pairs of clamping plates , and other attachment methods all of which may be used and are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
• those members may be formed from any appropriate material having any appropriate cross-section.
• the latch 60 is a Kimberley' type safety latch, though any appropriate latch may be used.
• the latch includes an eyelet 124 mounted to the cross members 86 on both long sides of the containing section 54.
• a lever 126 is pivotally mounted in the eyelet 124 to pivot between a latched position (not shown, but where the arm of the lever 126 is horizontal) and an unlatched position as shown.
• the lever 126 is biased to the latched position by a spring canister 130 that extends from a diagonal strut 76 to about mid-way along the arm of the lever 126.
• the lever 126 is shaped so that in its at rest' position it is latched. A latched position while at rest is achieved by the lever arm 126 being at an angle
• Figures 8 and 9 show a skip 64 for conveying mined material from a work stage 16 to a dump in the region of the top of the mine shaft hoist system 100.
• Skip 64 includes a frame 112 bounding a receptacle that contains the mined material during conveyance thereof.
• the skip chairing section 114 forms part of the frame 112 and comprises diagonal plates 116 set at an angle the same as that of the diagonal chairing bars 82.
• a cable sheath 118 extends from the apex of the skip 64 , namely where the diagonal plates 166 meet.
• the cable sheath 118 attaches to the lower end of a hoist rope 120 thereby attaching the rope 120 to the skip 64.
• the hoist rope 120 is hoisted by the mine shaft hoist system 100 to raise and lower the skip 64 along the mineshaft (e.g. along the workstage guide section 22 and upper guide section 24) .
• the skip 64 further includes runners 122.
• the runners 122 run against guides 55 as the skip 64 moves into and out of the containing section 54.
• the runners 122 comprise angle-section wear plates extending around and protruding from the corners of the frame 112. It will be appreciated, however, that the runners 122 may comprise a series of rollers or any other mechanism suitable for cooperating with guides 55 to ensure the skip 64 is appropriately aligned with the head section 18 when entering/exiting the containing section 54.
• the skip 64 remains in alignment with the head section 18' .
• the rope sheath 118 extends between the head chairing bars 77, so that the hoist rope 120 raises and lowers both the skip 64 and head section 18' together. In this sense, the head section 18' in effect hangs from the skip 64 whilst in transit.
• the plates 110 of the guide rope bearings 92 are received in female guides to stabilise the head section 18' and thereby also stabilise the skip 64.
• An arc gate door 134 then opens to release mined material from the skip 64. The arc gate door 134 then closes, readying the skip 64 for descent.
• the plates 110 of the guide rope bearings 92 slide out of the female guides and the skip 64 continues down the upper guide section 24.
• the head section 18' hangs from the skip 64 by virtue of the abutment between the diagonal plates 116 of the skip 64 and diagonal chairing bars 82 of the head section 18' .
• the rate of descent of the head section 18' is that of the skip 64.
• the trigger 136 is in the form of a bent plate.
• the plate of the trigger 136 extends vertically upwardly from the work stage 16 and has a bend so that the top section 138 of the trigger 136 is at an angle to vertical, extending away from the head section 18' .
• the head section 18' and skip 64 are latched together, with the lever arm 126 of the latch 60 extending horizontally and protruding from the short side of the containing section 54.
• the lever arm 126 comes into abutment with the top section 138 of the trigger 136.
• the top section 138 of the trigger 136 overcomes the bias of the spring canister 130, and pushes the lever arm 126 into the unlatched position. Since the head section 18'
• the head section 18' travels further down towards the work stage 16 in unison with the skip 64 even after the skip 64 has been unlatched from the head section 18' .
• the head section 18' then comes to rest against an impact liner mounted to the work stage 16. At this point the skip 64 slides along guides 55 out of the head section 18' and onto the workstage guide section 22. In so doing the cable shroud or sheath 118 and rope 120 descend between the head chairing bars 77 and down through the volume of the containing section 54.
• the cable extends between the head chairing bars 77 through the containing section 54.
• the skip 64 travels from the workstage guide section 22 into the containing section 54 , along the guides 55.
• the rate of ascent of the skip 64 immediately before chairing with the head section 18' is slowed to creep speed' so as to ensure chairing is a controlled event.
• the tip of the lever arm 126 travels upwardly against the vertical part of the trigger 136.
• the skip 64 and head section 18' automatically latch together to ascend from the work stage 16 towards the top of the mineshaft hoist system 100 for dumping of the contents of the skip 64.
• the head section 18' is therefore only capable of ascent or descent in unison (i.e. when chaired) with the skip 64.
• the head section 18' is essentially a passive construction that enables the skip 64 to smoothly
• the head section 18' constitutes a travelling guide frame that is picked up by the skip 64 when the skip 64 travels along the upper guide section 24, the head section 18' acting as an interface between the skip 64 and the guides of the upper guide section 24.
• latches 60 constitute, in many cases, a safety precaution only since the position of the head section 18' on the skip 64 is set by the interaction between guides 55 and runners 122 and the chairing of the diagonal chairing bars 82 of the head section 18' on the diagonal plates 116 of the skip 64.
• Figures 12 to 14 show an alternative version of the head section 142 and a conveyance 140 for conveying both parts and personnel up and down the mineshaft.
• the head section 142 comprises a frame 144 having a square horizontal cross-section.
• the frame 144 comprises an interconnection of horizontal and diagonal struts, and brackets together constituting a rigid structure.
• the frame 144 is open on one side to facilitate access to a parts conveyance section 146 on top of a personnel carrier portion 148 of the conveyance 140.
• the frame 144 again includes corner posts 150 formed from angle-section steel and bearings 92' , 92' ' as discussed above in relation to head section 18' .
• the head section 142 comprises flat head chairing bars 152 against which the conveyance 140 chairs during movement of the conveyance 140 between the work stage 16 and the top of the mineshaft hoist system 100.
• the flat head chairing bars 152 and head section operate in the same manner as head section 18' , and the features of head section 142 will be understood from the discussion above in relation to head section 18' .
• the parts conveyance section 146 of the conveyance 140 is bounded by four corner posts 154.
• An upper end 156 of each corner post 154 is tapered or angled inwardly to assist with alignment of the corner posts 154 with the angle-section of the corner posts 150.
• wear plates 158 are fixed at the top and bottom of the parts conveyance section 146 in pairs. The wear plates 158 of each pair bear against opposite flanges or arms of the angle-section of the corner posts 150 of the head section 142 in use.
• the wear plates may be secured together using any appropriate method and may be formed from any appropriate material .
• the conveyance 140 includes a chairing block 160.
• the chairing block 160 comprises a pair of chairing bars 162 attached to the top of the conveyance 140 and
• the cable block 164 is flared outwardly downwardly to assist with aligning the cable block 164 centrally between the head chairing bars 152 of the head section 142, thereby locating the chairing bars 162 of the conveyance 140 on the head chairing bars 152 of the head section 142.
• the personnel carrier portion 148 depends downwardly from the parts conveyance section 146.
• the length of the parts conveyance section 146 is the same as that of the head section 142 so that the personnel carrier portion 148 is below the bottommost beam 166 of the head section 142 while the head section 142 and conveyance 140 are travelling together.
• the personnel carrier portion 146 includes work stage guides, in the form of female guide brackets 168, that travel along the first guide section 22.
• the guides (i.e. corner posts) 144 of the head section 142 do not become coextensive with the first guide section 22. Instead, as the conveyance 140 moves into or out of the head section 142 the corner posts 154 are guided into the head section 142 by corner posts 150 of the head section 142.
• the female guide brackets 168 slide along guides, presently C-section steel with the open side of the C-section facing away from the conveyance 140, of the workstage guide section 22.
• the plates 110 of the guide rope bearings 92 are received in female guides to stabilise the head section 142 and thereby also stabilise the conveyance 140. Personnel and materials can then be loaded into or taken out of the conveyance 140.
• the plates 110 of the guide rope bearings 92 slide out of the female guides and the conveyance 140 continues down the upper guide section 24.
• the head section 142 hangs from the conveyance 140 by virtue of the abutment between the chairing bars 162 of the conveyance 140 and top chairing bars 152 of the head section 142.
• the rate of descent of the head section 142 is that of the conveyance 140.
• female chairing brackets 170 of the head section 142 are received over male stubs (not shown) on the work stage 16.
• the female guide brackets 168 are received over the end of the male guides of the workstage guide section 22 extending upwardly a short distance from the work stage 16.
• the bottom of the female guide brackets 168 is flared outwardly so as to
• the lower female guide brackets 168 receive the upwardly extending male portion of the workstage guide section 22 and, as the conveyance 140 is progressively lowered, the upper female guide brackets 168 eventually receive over the upwardly extending male portion of the workstage guide section 22.
• female chairing brackets 170 of the head section 142 receive over the male stubs (not shown) on the work stage 16. This ensures the head section 142 is properly aligned with the work stage 16.
• the chairing process may occur while the conveyance 18 progresses downwardly into the work stage 16 at
• the conveyance 18 may be slowed slightly before the head section 142 chairs against the work stage 16.
• impact liners may be provided to reduce the impact loading of the head section 142 against the work stage 16.
• the conveyance 18 may be slowed to a creep speed' in advance of the head section 142 chairing against the work stage 16.
• the cable extends between the head chairing bars 142 through the head section 142.
• the conveyance 140 travels from the workstage guide section 22 into the head section 142, along the guides (corner posts 150) .
• the rate of ascent of the conveyance 140 immediately before chairing with the head section 142 is slowed to creep speed' so as to ensure chairing is a controlled event.
• the head section 142 is therefore only capable of ascent or descent in unison with (i.e. when chaired upon) the conveyance 140.
• the head section 142 is essentially a passive construction that enables the conveyance 140 to smoothly transition between a rigid, fixed guide system such as workstage guide section 22, and a variable length guide system, such as stage ropes constituting part of the upper guide section 24.
• the head section 142 constitutes a travelling guide frame that is picked up by the conveyance 140 when the conveyance 140 travels along the upper guide section 24, the head section 142 acting as an interface between the conveyance 140 and the guides of the upper guide section 24.
• first and second guide sections of the conveyance system may guide each of the multiple conveyances.
• Personnel and/or materials may be transported in a different one or ones of the conveyances to one or more conveyances that transport mined material .

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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• 2014
  • 2014-08-25 WO PCT/AU2014/000848 patent/WO2015024069A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2014-08-25 DE DE112014003885.7T patent/DE112014003885T5/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-08-25 CN CN201480048330.6A patent/CN105492724B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2014-08-25 US US14/912,642 patent/US10385691B2/en active Active
  • 2014-08-25 RU RU2016107760A patent/RU2669971C2/ru active
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• 2016
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