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WO2015022097A1 - Commande pilote, basée sur des courbes caractéristiques, des variations de la tension d'entrée et du courant de sortie dans une alimentation à découpage - Google Patents

Commande pilote, basée sur des courbes caractéristiques, des variations de la tension d'entrée et du courant de sortie dans une alimentation à découpage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015022097A1
WO2015022097A1 PCT/EP2014/060662 EP2014060662W WO2015022097A1 WO 2015022097 A1 WO2015022097 A1 WO 2015022097A1 EP 2014060662 W EP2014060662 W EP 2014060662W WO 2015022097 A1 WO2015022097 A1 WO 2015022097A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control
voltage
power supply
str
output voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2014/060662
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Diego ANTONGIROLAMI
Göran SCHUBERT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aumovio Microelectronic GmbH
Original Assignee
Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH filed Critical Conti Temic Microelectronic GmbH
Publication of WO2015022097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015022097A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0019—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being load current fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0022—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1566—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with means for compensating against rapid load changes, e.g. with auxiliary current source, with dual mode control or with inductance variation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for regulating the output voltage at a switched-mode power supply.
  • Switching power supply units for converting an input voltage into an output voltage are known from the prior art, in which the output voltage is regulated by means of a control voltage to an output voltage setpoint.
  • Control voltage is compared by means of a comparator against a sawtooth generated by a sawtooth voltage, wherein at the output of the comparator, a square wave signal having a duty cycle determined by the control voltage in the manner of a pulse-width modulation (PWM) is generated.
  • PWM pulse-width modulation
  • an electronic switching element for example, a field effect transistor (FET) is operated, which causes the charging of an output ⁇ capacitor when the switching state is closed.
  • FET field effect transistor
  • Output capacitor tapable output voltage whose mean value by means of the duty cycle of the square wave signal and thus by means of the control voltage between zero volts as a minimum and the input voltage is set as the maximum.
  • Switching power supplies are also known from the prior art
  • PFM pulse-frequency modulation
  • Switching power supplies designed as boost converters or step-up converters are also known from the prior art, with which, in a manner substantially analogous to the down converter, an average output voltage can be determined by means of the
  • Control voltage can be set to a value above the input voltage.
  • the set at a certain fixed control voltage average output voltage depends on other parameters of the switching power supply and the wiring of the
  • Variations in parameters in a switching power supply and / or in the circuitry of a switching power supply are at least partially compensated.
  • control methods in the manner of a proportional-integral (PI) controller are known in which the actual value of the output voltage with the PI controller.
  • Output voltage setpoint is compared and from the
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a method for controlling a switching power supply, with the overshoot or undershoot of the output voltage is avoided and a lower delay in tracking the
  • Output voltage has as a method of the prior art.
  • the invention is further based on the object to provide a device for implementing such a method.
  • the object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by the device.
  • the controller determines by means of a
  • the fine control determines from one
  • Control signal is derived from the superposition of the first and second control sub-voltage, the second
  • Control sub-voltage of the fine control in the manner of a Regulator is continuously updated to minimize the control deviation.
  • control signal is generated by means of a comparator by comparing a predetermined sawtooth signal with a control voltage in the manner of a pulse width modulated signal, wherein the
  • Control sub-voltage is determined.
  • Precise and stable generators for sawtooth signals and switching power supplies are known from the prior art, whose output voltage is adjustable by means of a pulse width modulated control signal.
  • control signal is generated in the manner of a pulse-frequency-modulated signal, wherein the pulse frequency is determined by the control voltage, which is the sum of the first and the second
  • Control sub-voltage is determined. From the prior art accurate and stable generators for pulse frequency modulated signals are known whose frequency over a Control voltage is adjustable. Switching power supplies are known from the prior art, the output voltage by means of a pulse frequency modulated or a
  • pulse width modulated control signal is adjustable.
  • the fine control is designed as an integrating or I-controller.
  • Such a fine control designed as an I controller has a high accuracy in steady-state operation, in other words with little or no change in the output voltage of the switched-mode power supply, and can be implemented inexpensively and simply.
  • Adjustment time of the fine control to a value of at least 1 ms, in particular 2 ms or more ms are set. With such a value for the reset time can be
  • Variations typically extend over time intervals that are significantly greater than the selected reset time.
  • Integral time a greater robustness against sudden deviations due to the lower tendency to oscillate.
  • Control voltage reference characteristic formed as a control voltage reference table, which comprises voltage values for the first control sub-voltage in a matrix-like arrangement, wherein a first horizontal matrix index to
  • Input voltage and a second vertical matrix index corresponds to the load current.
  • Such a control voltage reference table can be determined with little effort, for example experimentally or by means of simulation.
  • Input voltage are sufficiently close to the values that correspond to the voltage selected from the control voltage reference table voltage value.
  • the controller generates a voltage value from the control voltage reference table as a first control sub-voltage corresponding to an input voltage and a load current, both of which each have a minimum deviation from the
  • Figure 1 schematically shows the structure of a two-stage controlled
  • Figure 3 shows schematically the course of the output voltage and the first and a second control sub-voltage at a jerky output current load.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically an inventive device
  • Control device 2 for controlling a switching power supply 1.
  • the switching power supply 1 is at the entrance with a
  • the output voltage U_a is adjustable by means of a control signal S_str, which is generated by the
  • Control device 2 is provided. The
  • Switching power supply 1 includes internal components not shown in detail, for example a diode, a
  • Switching power supply 1 writable.
  • Such internal parameters of the switching power supply 1 may be temporally, for example, due to temperature due to heating or aging, change.
  • Such internal parameters can also be temporally, for example, due to temperature due to heating or aging, change.
  • Such internal parameters can also be temporally, for example, due to temperature due to heating or aging, change.
  • a load 3 is supplied with a load current I_L.
  • the control device 2 measures the input voltage U_e, the output voltage U_a and the load current I_L and generates the control signal S_str.
  • the control device 2 comprises a comparator 2.1, at whose output the
  • Control signal S_str is provided.
  • the control signal S_str for setting the output voltage U_a is designed as a rectangular signal which can assume a first high or a second low voltage level.
  • the duty cycle ie the ratio of the duration of a high voltage level to the total duration of a high and a subsequent low
  • the control signal S_str may, for example, be modulated in the manner of a pulse width modulation (PWM)
  • Rectangular signal are generated with the entire duration of a high and a subsequent low voltage level remains constant, but the duty cycle is variable.
  • a PWM-modulated control signal S_str can be generated for example by means of the comparator 2.1 by comparing a fixed, internally generated or fed sawtooth signal with a control voltage U_str, wherein the control signal S_str at the output of the comparator 2.1 assumes a high voltage level when the voltage level of the sawtooth signal below the control voltage U_str is and wherein the control signal S_str at the output of Comparator 2.1 assumes a low voltage level when the voltage level of the sawtooth signal above the
  • Control voltage U_str is. Thus reduces or increases the duty cycle of the control signal S_str at a reduction or increase in the
  • the control device 2 comprises, in addition to the comparator 2.1, a control 2.2 for determining the approximate duty factor of the control signal S_str and a
  • Fine control 2.3 for tracking this duty cycle.
  • the controller 2.2 determines from the measured input voltage U_e and the measured load current I_L based on a control voltage reference characteristic a first control sub-voltage U_ol.
  • This first control subvoltage U_ol effects a duty cycle which, for certain, typical internal parameters of the switched-mode power supply 1 and for a certain, typical load 3 at the output of the switched-mode power supply 1, leads to the setting of the desired setpoint output voltage U_a_soll.
  • the actual connected load 3 as well as the actual internal parameters of the switched-mode power supply 1 may differ during operation from the values which were used as the basis for the control voltage reference characteristic.
  • the output voltage U_a which is set with the duty cycle read from the control voltage reference characteristic curve, deviate more or less strongly from the desired setpoint output voltage U_a_soll.
  • Fine control 2.3 determined from the control deviation, a second control sub-voltage U_vl, which by means of a
  • the fine control 2.3 outputs a comparatively small second control subvoltage U_ol. Is that from the
  • the fine control 2.3 can be designed, for example, as an integral (I) controller.
  • Figure 2 describes the operation of the controller 2.2 based on the underlying control voltage reference characteristic curve for the set duty cycle of the control signal S_str more accurate.
  • One point of such a control voltage reference characteristic describes a duty cycle as a function of the
  • Control voltage reference characteristic point may be, for example, experimentally and / or by simulation for a
  • a first control sub-voltage U_ol specifies that leads to the experimental and / or simulation determined duty cycle for the control signal S_str, which the desired target output voltage U_a_soll
  • the control voltage reference table R can be
  • Row index of a matrix element to an input ⁇ voltage U_e corresponds and wherein the column index of a matrix element to a load current I_L corresponds and wherein the matrix element itself indicates the first control sub-voltage U_ol.
  • Input voltage U_e along a matrix line and / or the load current I_L along a matrix column can be varied with equidistant intervals. It is thus possible to identify, for a pair of measured values for the input voltage U_e and the load current I_L, the respectively closest matrix element which determines an assigned value for the first control subvoltage U_ol.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the interaction of the controller 2.2 and the fine control 2.3 based on the course of the output ⁇ voltage U_a as a function of the course of the first control sub-voltage U_ol and the second control sub-voltage U_vl over the time axis t.
  • t_L At a switching time t_L is at the output of
  • Switching power supply 1 a load 3 is switched on, which causes an increase of the load current I_L. At an unchanged
  • Control 2.2 based on the input voltage U_e and the load current I_L the first control sub-voltage U_ol from a first voltage value U_oll to a lower second voltage ⁇ value U_ol2, which is the control voltage reference table R is removed.
  • the lower second voltage value U_ol2 causes a lower control voltage U_str at the input of the comparator 2.1 and thus a larger duty cycle of the control signal S_str at the output of the comparator 2.1, which almost equal to the load-related drop in the output voltage U_a
  • Fine control 2.3 leads this deviation only gradually to a change in the second control sub-voltage U_vl, which counteracts the control deviation, so that a curve of the output voltage U_a in the intended tolerance range is reached by the output voltage setpoint U_a_soll.
  • Load change caused change in the output voltage U_a is characterized by a relatively slow tracking of
  • the fine control 2.3 avoids over- or Undershoot the output voltage U_a by a sufficiently large reset time or low upper limit frequency, which is not dominated by the controller 2.2 control delay of the control device 2
  • Output voltage U_a of the target output voltage U_a_soll can be adapted to rapid changes of the load 3 or the input voltage U_a than with methods and devices according to the prior art. Furthermore, the control device 2 according to the invention is easier to implement and allows a more robust and less complicated control by the
  • Fine control 2.3 converted control loop Fine control 2.3 converted control loop.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de régulation (2) pourvu d'une commande (2.2) et d'une régulation fine (2.3) permettant la régulation d'une tension de sortie (U a) d'une alimentation à découpage (1) au moyen d'un signal de commande (S str). La commande (2.2) détermine, au moyen d'une courbe caractéristique de référence de tension de commande, à partir d'une tension d'entrée (U e) et d'un courant de charge (I L) de l'alimentation à découpage (1), une première tension partielle de commande (U ol). La régulation fine (2.3), à partir d'un écart de régulation entre la tension de sortie (U a) et une tension de sortie théorique (U a soll) prédéfinie, détermine une seconde tension partielle de commande (U vi). Le signal de commande (S str) est déduit de la superposition de la première et de la seconde tension partielle de commande (U ol, U vi). La seconde tension partielle de commande (U vi) est réajustée en continu par la régulation fine (2.3) à la façon d'un régulateur pour réduire au minimum l'écart de régulation. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de régulation permettant la régulation de la tension de sortie (U a) d'une alimentation à découpage (1) au moyen d'un tel dispositif de régulation (2), la commande (2.2) générant une valeur de tension pour la première tension partielle de commande (U ol) à partir d'un tableau de référence de commande de tension (R), laquelle correspond à une tension d'entrée (U e) et à un courant de charge (I L) présentant tous les deux respectivement un écart minimal par rapport à la tension d'entrée (U e) mesurée ou par rapport au courant de charge (I L) mesuré.
PCT/EP2014/060662 2013-08-15 2014-05-23 Commande pilote, basée sur des courbes caractéristiques, des variations de la tension d'entrée et du courant de sortie dans une alimentation à découpage Ceased WO2015022097A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13180507.9 2013-08-15
EP13180507 2013-08-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015022097A1 true WO2015022097A1 (fr) 2015-02-19

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PCT/EP2014/060662 Ceased WO2015022097A1 (fr) 2013-08-15 2014-05-23 Commande pilote, basée sur des courbes caractéristiques, des variations de la tension d'entrée et du courant de sortie dans une alimentation à découpage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2015022097A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112088481A (zh) * 2018-05-15 2020-12-15 三菱电机株式会社 功率器件驱动装置及其制造方法
CN118399713A (zh) * 2024-06-17 2024-07-26 深圳市凯尔文电子有限公司 一种基于数字信号处理的可调式开关电源控制方法
EP4405196A4 (fr) * 2021-09-23 2025-08-13 Ftex Inc Système de conversion de puissance dynamique électrique

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050083025A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 International Rectifier Corporation Total feed forward switching power supply control
US20050110474A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-26 Ortiz Joe A. Method for input current regulation and active-power filter with input voltage feedforward and output load feedforward

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050083025A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 International Rectifier Corporation Total feed forward switching power supply control
US20050110474A1 (en) * 2003-11-24 2005-05-26 Ortiz Joe A. Method for input current regulation and active-power filter with input voltage feedforward and output load feedforward

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
RICHARD REDL ET AL: "Near-Optimum Dynamic Regulation of DC-DC Converters Using Feed-Forward of Output Current and Input Voltage with Current-Mode Control", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS, INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, USA, vol. 23, no. 3, 1 July 1986 (1986-07-01), pages 181 - 192, XP011242282, ISSN: 0885-8993 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112088481A (zh) * 2018-05-15 2020-12-15 三菱电机株式会社 功率器件驱动装置及其制造方法
EP4405196A4 (fr) * 2021-09-23 2025-08-13 Ftex Inc Système de conversion de puissance dynamique électrique
CN118399713A (zh) * 2024-06-17 2024-07-26 深圳市凯尔文电子有限公司 一种基于数字信号处理的可调式开关电源控制方法

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