WO2015072888A1 - Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction - Google Patents

Abstract

A fire-resistant all-glass wall construction, in the form of a partition (1) secured in a wall opening, contains fire-resistant glass panels (2) which are secured to one another. Each of the fire-resistant glass panels (2) contains at least one fastening element (4) capable of connecting the fire-resistant glass panels (2) to one another, of securing same in a wall opening and also capable of installing various accessories onto same, and additionally contains at least one mounting element (3) capable of having a fastening element (4) installed in same. Each fire-resistant glass panel has a layered structure containing layers of glass (9), and layers of a fire-suppression composition (10) which are located between the layers of glass (9).

Description

 Fireproof all-glass wall construction

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of building materials and products, namely to fire-resistant fire-resistant translucent wall structures designed to prevent the spread of smoke and fire in the event of a fire outside the insulated compartment.

State of the art

The main distinguishing feature of this design is that it can be made all-glass, only of glass panels without additional frames and profiles.

 At present, fire barriers are used in all buildings under construction and reconstructed for various purposes to provide fire protection.

 Previously, massive walls made of bricks and concrete blocks, steel doors and other opaque materials were used as fire barriers to protect against fire and ensure the protection of people's lives.

 But today more and more widespread use is found in translucent fire barriers - structures made of special laminated glass, fixed with frames and various steel profiles in wall openings. Most of these structures, in addition to laminated glass panels and glass doors, are installed in a frame made of steel or aluminum profile, to which all the fittings (hinges, handles, locks, closers) of this door are attached, which makes this design more difficult, does not provide it with lightness and transparency.

At the same time, in modern buildings, all-glass tempered glass constructions that have excellent aesthetic properties but cannot provide even the minimum requirements for fire resistance, that is, they cannot be used as fire barriers. The present invention allows the manufacture of a full range of fire all-glass structures that do not externally differ from ordinary tempered glass.

 Known fire design (EP, N ° l 194673, IPC: E06B5 / 16, publ. 10/29/2003), consisting of at least two transparent fire-resistant glass plates, which are laterally connected to each other through an elastic separation element, equipped with a sealing layer. The plates are multilayer and consist of glasses with fire layers located between them. These fire layers do not reach the edges of the glass and are equipped with perimeter gaskets.

 The disadvantage of this fire-prevention design is that it is quite difficult to install a door into it, which quite often is an indispensable element in these structures.

 The fire wall is well-known (RU, .257449, IPC: Е04В1 / 94, published July 27, 2005), designed to prevent the spread of fire outside the compartment insulated by it, which is a modular design and made of separate sections consisting of profiles, connected around the perimeter in the frame, and which simultaneously separate two spaced apart glass. Glass reaches the outer edge of the profiles. The frame is hidden by an enamel coating applied to the respective sections of the glass. These individual sections are made with the possibility of their connection with each other by connecting elements with a gasket of fire laminates

 This design is quite difficult to manufacture, it is not all-glass, since the sections contain profiles in addition to glasses, and there is a frame along the perimeter of the structure, which, although hidden by an enamel coating, significantly degrades the aesthetic perception of this design.

Known fire-resistant glass partition (US, N ° 5380569, IPC: E06VZ / 24, publ. 10/01/1995), formed of laminated fire-resistant glass and having attachments. The edges of the glass are inserted into the profile of elastic material and between the profile and the edge of the glass is a material that foams under the influence of high temperature.

 This fire-resistant glass partition is quite simple to install, but it is not all-glass, because it contains profiles for attaching laminated fire-prevention glass, which does not meet the current requirements of architectonics.

 Fire-prevention glazing is known (EP, Ν ° 1820931, IPC: Е06В5 / 16, published on 08/22/2007), which contains at least two transparent double-glazed windows, which are laterally aligned with one another and the other lateral edges fixed on a building element. Each double-glazed window consists of two parallel glasses fixed at a mutual distance, between which there is a fire protection agent in the form of a gel. The glasses are held at a mutual distance by means of distance elements and a polyurethane joint. In a two-millimeter seam between the edges of the double-glazed windows is a fire-retardant silicone mass. In the same edge zone between the spacer elements is a fire-retardant ceramic tape.

 This design is quite difficult to manufacture and install, and is also not all-glass.

 As a prototype, a fire wall was selected to prevent the spread of fire outside the compartment insulated by it (RU, 2257449, IPC: Е04В1 / 94, published July 27, 2005), which contains a modular design and is made of separate sections consisting of profiles connected around the perimeter in the frame, and which simultaneously separate two spaced apart glass. Glass reaches the outer edge of the profiles. The frame is hidden by an enamel coating applied to the respective sections of the glass. These individual sections are made with the possibility of their connection with each other by connecting elements with a gasket of fire laminates.

This fire-resistant glass partition is quite simple to install, but it is not all-glass, because it contains profiles for fastening laminated fire-resistant glass, which does not meet the modern requirements of architectonics.

 Currently, there is a tendency to create the impression of non-materiality and transparency of structures in the consumer, which cannot be realized with the help of constructions currently known, in particular from the prior art, since they are not all-glass. In all such structures there are various profile elements, frames for attaching sections of fire-prevention laminated glass to each other, as well as in the wall opening.

 All this violates the impression of immateriality, transparency of the entire structure, and does not always fit into the modern architectural design.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The basis of the claimed invention is the task of creating a fireproof translucent wall structure without framing frames, that is, an all-glass structure that would have modern architectonics while ensuring high strength and fire protective properties.

The stated technical problem is solved due to the fact that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, in the form of a partition fixed in a wall opening containing fire-resistant glass panels fixed to each other, each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one fastener made with the possibility of connecting fire-resistant glass panels to each other, fixing them in a wall opening, as well as with the possibility of installing various fittings on them, and at least one mounting element made with the possibility of installing a fastening element therein, wherein each fire-resistant glass panel has a layered structure comprising layers of glass and layers of a fire composition located between layers of fire-prevention glass. Preferably, in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, at least one mounting element was made in the form of a through hole in the fire-resistant glass panel, and was equipped with a sleeve installed in this hole.

 It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, at least one mounting element was made in the form of a connecting element glued to the fire-resistant glass panel.

 It is desirable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, various slider designs are used as fasteners, which are installed in the mounting elements in the form of through holes.

 Preferably, the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure contains an independent supporting metal or glass structure for fixing the wall structure in the wall opening, while the fire-resistant glass panels are fixed in an independent supporting metal structure using fasteners installed in the mounting elements.

 It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, at least one of the ends of each of the fire-resistant glass panels, a profile element is installed that covers the end of the fire-resistant glass panel.

 Preferably, in the fireproof all-glass wall structure, the profile element was made T-shaped, U-shaped or H-shaped.

 It is desirable that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, the profile element was made of a material selected from the group consisting of metal, thermosetting plastic or rubber, wood, or other thermosetting material.

Preferably, in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one of the ends of the layer in the form of a self-adhesive tape of various composite materials. It is advisable that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, at least one of the ends of each of the fire-resistant glass panels has at least one recess filled with sealant.

 In a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, it is desirable that each of the fire-resistant glass panels as a sealant contain a curable material selected from the group consisting of silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide.

 Preferably, in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains a layer in the form of a tape placed in a recess on the sealant.

 It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, the layer in the form of a tape was made of thermosetting material.

 In a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, it is desirable that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains as layers of glass layers selected from the group consisting of layers of sheet non-tempered glass, tempered glass, silicate glass, borosilicate glass, ceramic glass, organic glass, as well as various combinations of these layers .

 Preferably, in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, each of the fire-resistant glass panels as layers of the fire-resistant composition contains a foaming and / or coking composition.

 It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one layer of adhesive reinforcing composition located between the layers of glass.

In a preferred embodiment of the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, it is advisable that at least one of the fire-resistant glass panels is made in the form of a glass door, fastened with hinges to the adjacent previous fire-resistant glass panel, while the hinges were installed in the mounting elements of this fire-resistant previous glass panels. In a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, it is desirable that the glass door be installed in a door frame made of a metal, wooden or other profile.

 Preferably, in a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, the glass door has a handle fixed to the door using mounting elements.

 It is advisable that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall construction, the glass door has a lock secured with mounting elements.

 It is desirable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had a lock fixed in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels.

 Preferably, in a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, the glass door has thermal locks that fix the door leaf in case of fire, fixed with fasteners in the mounting elements.

 It is desirable that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had thermal locks that fix the door leaf in case of fire, fixed in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels.

 It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had a closer fixed with fasteners in the cutouts of the fire-resistant glass panels.

 It is desirable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had a closer fixed with fasteners in the mounting elements.

 It is desirable that in a fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had thermal locks that fix the door leaf in case of fire, fixed in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels.

It is advisable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had a closer fixed with fasteners in the cutouts of the fire-resistant glass panels. It is desirable that in the fire-resistant all-glass wall construction the glass door had a closer fixed with fasteners in the mounting elements.

 Thus, when using the claimed invention, it was possible to create a fireproof translucent wall structure without framing frames, that is, a fully all-glass structure, which has increased strength and high fire performance, and also meets the modern requirements of architectonics.

 Also, this design has high fire protective properties.

Brief Description of the Drawings

For a more detailed disclosure of the inventive fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, the following is a description of the specific possible options for its execution with the corresponding drawings.

 Figure 1 shows a General view of a fire-resistant all-glass wall structure with a glass door, according to the invention.

 FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through a fire-resistant glass panel with a sealant layer and a tape of thermoset material according to the invention.

 FIG. 3 shows a cross-section through a fire-resistant glass panel with a sealant layer and a profile element according to the invention.

 FIG. 4 shows a section AA of the fastening option for fire-resistant glass panels in a metal structure according to the invention.

 FIG. 5 shows a section B-B of an embodiment for mounting a lock on a fire-resistant glass panel according to the invention.

 FIG. 6 shows a section G-D of a variant of joining fire-resistant glass panels to each other according to the invention.

FIG. 7 shows a view B of a lock fastening in a cutout of a fire-resistant glass panel according to the invention. FIG. 8 shows a section DD of fastening fire-resistant glass panels to each other using mounting elements in the form of through holes and fasteners in the form of spiders, according to the invention.

 FIG. 9 shows a section DD of fastening fire-resistant glass panels to each other by means of glued mounting elements and fasteners in the form of spiders according to the invention.

The best embodiments of the invention

Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, in the form of a partition 1, according to the claimed invention, consists of fire-resistant glass panels 2 (Figure 1).

 In this case, the fire-resistant glass panels 2 are fastened together and also fixed in the wall opening with the help of mounting elements 3, into which fasteners 4 are installed for connecting the fire-resistant glass panels 2 to each other and fixing them in the wall opening, as well as for installing them on different fittings.

 In a preferred embodiment, the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to the claimed invention, the mounting elements 3 are made in the form of through holes 5 in the fire-resistant glass panels 2, and are equipped with bushings 6 installed in these through holes 5 (Figs. 1, 4-5). Moreover, as fasteners 4, in this embodiment, various designs of spiders 7 are used, which are installed in the mounting elements 3 in the form of through holes 5. Using spiders 7 they fasten fire-resistant glass panels 2 together, and also fasten the fire-resistant all-glass wall structure in view of the partition 1 in the wall opening (Fig. 8-9).

Such a combination of fire-resistant glass panels 2 together and fixing them in a wall opening, allows you to create fully all-glass wall structures without connecting frames and profiles, which corresponds to modern architectonics, and also provides simplicity and cost-effectiveness of manufacturing and installation of these structures. Also, the mounting elements 3, according to the claimed invention, can be made in the form of a connecting element 3 glued to the fire-resistant glass panel 2, into which the fastening element 4 is installed (Fig. 9).

 The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure in the form of a partition 1, according to the claimed invention, can also have an independent supporting metal or glass structure 8, made of profiles or frames, for fixing the wall structure in a wall opening, while the fire-resistant glass panels 2 are fixed in an independent supporting metal or glass structure 8 using fasteners 4 installed in the mounting elements 3.

 Moreover, each of the fire-resistant glass panels 2 is a layered structure in which layers of the fire-resistant composition 10 and layers of the adhesive reinforcing composition 11 are placed between the layers of glass 9 (FIGS. 2, 3). At one of the ends of each of the fire-resistant glass panels 2, a profile element 12 is installed that covers the ends of the layers of glass 9 with layers of the fire-resistant composition 10 and layers of adhesive reinforcing composition 1 1. The profile element 12 can be made T-shaped, U-shaped, or H - shaped from thermosetting plastic or rubber, wood, or other thermosetting material.

 The ends of the fire-resistant glass panels 2 can also be closed using self-adhesive tape 13 of various composite materials.

 At the ends of the fire-resistant glass panels 2 can be made recesses 14, filled with sealant 15, for example, of silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide. Thus on the sealant 15 may be located tape 13 of thermosetting material. As sealant 15, a self-hardening substance can be used, in particular silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide (Figs. 2-3).

The presence on the ends of fire-resistant glass panels 2 profile elements 12, recesses 14 with sealant 15, as well as tapes 13 protects the layer compositions that make up the fire-resistant glass panels 2 from moisture and drying. As the layers of glass 9, according to the claimed invention, can be used layers of sheet tempered glass, tempered glass, silicate glass, borosilicate glass, glass ceramics, organic glass, or various combinations of these layers.

 As layers of the fire fighting composition 10, an expandable and / or coking composition may be used.

 The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to the claimed invention may have a glass door 16 made of one fire-resistant glass panel 2 (single-leaf door), or of two fire-resistant glass panels 2 (double-leaf door). In this case, the glass door 16 is fixed by means of hinges 17 to the adjacent pre-existing fire-resistant glass panel 2, while the hinges 17 are installed in the mounting elements 3 of this fire-resistant glass panel 2 (Figure 1).

 Glass door 16 can be installed in a door frame made of metal, wood or other profile.

 The glass door 16 may have a handle 18 fixed to this door with mounting elements 3, in which fasteners 4 are installed, and a lock 19, fixed, for example, with mounting elements 3 in the cutouts 20 of fire-resistant glass panels 2 (Fig. 7 )

 The glass door 16 may also have thermal locks securing the door leaf in case of fire, secured, for example, with fasteners 4 in the mounting elements 3 in the cutouts 20 of the fire-resistant glass panels 2.

 The glass door 16 may also have a closer 21 fixed both with fasteners 4 in the cutouts 20 of the fire-resistant glass panels 2 and with fasteners 4 in the mounting elements 3.

 When a fire occurs, the foaming and / or coking fire composition 10 in the fire-resistant glass panels 2 provides impermeability to heat and flame.

The presence in the fireproof glass panels 2 of the adhesive reinforcing composition 1 1 provides increased strength of these panels. Thermoset material expands under the action of high temperatures and provides reliable isolation of the room from smoke and fire during fire.

 Fire-resistant glass panels 2 can be made, according to the claimed invention, in various ways.

 For example, the following methods can be used to make fire-resistant glass panels 2.

 1. A laminated glass panel 2 is formed, choosing the layers of glass 9 required for fire resistance, the layers of the fire-resistant composition 10, and the layers of the adhesive reinforcing composition 1 1. After that, fire-resistant glass 9 of a larger length and / or width is selected and glued with a photocurable adhesive hardening composition 1 1 to the formed fire-resistant glass panels 2 from their outer sides, while receiving fire-resistant glass panels 2 with a recess 14 formed at its ends (edges). In this case, the recess 14 can be partially filled with sealant 15, and partially with tape 13 or profile element 12, which is configured to completely close the ends (edges).

 2. Fire-resistant glass panels 2 are formed from the layers of glass 9 required for fire resistance, the layers of the fire-resistant composition 10 and the adhesive hardening composition 1 1. After that, at least one end of the fire-resistant glass panels 2 is treated with a special tool, such as a grinding disk, to obtain a radial recesses 14. Then, the resulting recess 14 can be partially filled with sealant 15, and partially with tape 13 or profile element 12, which is configured to completely close the ends (edges).

Thus, it was possible to create a fire-resistant all-glass translucent wall structure without framing frames, with fastening all-glass doors, as well as various fittings using original mounting and fastening elements, that is, a fully all-glass design that meets modern requirements architectonics, has high strength and high fire protection properties.

 The proposed fire-resistant all-glass wall construction fully meets its purpose, is durable, transparent, all-glass, reliably seals the room from smoke and fire in case of fire.

 As is obvious to those skilled in the art, the invention is readily developed in other specific forms without departing from the spirit of the invention.

 Moreover, the present embodiments should be considered merely illustrative, and not limiting, and the scope of the invention is represented by its formula, and it is assumed that it includes all possible changes and the scope of equivalence to the claims of this invention.

Claims

CLAIM 1. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure, in the form of a partition fixed in a wall opening, containing  - fire-resistant glass panels fixed to each other, with the fact that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one - - a fastener made with the possibility of connecting fire-resistant glass panels to each other, fixing them in a wall opening, as well as with the possibility of installing various fittings on them, and at least one - - mounting element made with the possibility of installing a fastening element in it, with each - fire-resistant glass panel has a layered structure containing - - layers of glass and - - layers of fire fighting composition located between the layers of glass. 2. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one mounting element is made in the form of a through hole in a fire-resistant glass panel, and is equipped with a sleeve installed in this hole.  3. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one mounting element is made in the form of a connecting element glued to a fire-resistant glass panel. 4. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 2, characterized in that various fastening structures are used as fasteners, which are installed in the mounting elements in the form of through holes. 5. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an independent supporting metal or glass structure for fastening the wall structure in the wall opening, while the fire-resistant glass panels are fixed in an independent supporting metal structure using fasteners installed in the mounting elements .  6. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the ends of each of the fire-resistant glass panels has a profile element covering the end of the fire-resistant glass panel.  7. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 6, characterized in that the profile element is made of a T-shaped, U-shaped or H-shaped. 8. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 6, characterized in that the profile element is made of a material selected from the group consisting of metal, thermosetting plastic or rubber, wood, or other thermosetting material.  9. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one of the ends of the layer in the form of a self-adhesive tape of various composite materials.  10. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the ends of each of the fire-resistant glass panels has at least one recess filled with sealant.  11. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 10, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels as a sealant contains a curable material selected from the group consisting of silicone, polyurethane, polysulfide.  12. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to p. 10, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains a layer in the form of a tape placed in a recess on the sealant. 13. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to p. 12, characterized in that the layer in the form of a tape is made of thermosetting material. 14. The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains as layers of glass layers selected from the group consisting of layers of sheet non-tempered glass, tempered glass, silicate glass, borosilicate glass, glass ceramics, organic glass , as well as various combinations of these layers.  15. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels as layers of a fire-resistant composition contains layers of a foaming and / or coking composition.  16. The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the fire-resistant glass panels contains at least one layer of adhesive reinforcing composition located between the layers of glass, and made with the possibility of bonding the layers of glass together.  17. The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the fire-resistant glass panels is made in the form of a glass door, fastened with hinges to the adjacent previous fire-resistant glass panel, while the hinges are installed in the mounting elements of this previous fire resistant glass panel.  18. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to p. 17, characterized in that the glass door is installed in the door frame made of metal, wood or other profile.  19. Fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has a handle fixed to the door using mounting elements.  20. The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has a lock secured with mounting elements.  21. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has a lock fixed in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels. 22. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has thermal locks that fix the door leaf when the occurrence of a fire, fixed with fasteners in the mounting elements.  23. The fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has thermal locks that fix the door leaf in case of fire, fixed in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels. 24. The fire-resistant all-glass wall construction according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has a closer fixed with fasteners in the cutouts of fire-resistant glass panels.  25. Fire-resistant all-glass wall structure according to claim 17, characterized in that the glass door has a closer fixed by means of fasteners in the mounting elements.