WO2015069134A1 - Method for protecting intellectual property in peer-to-peer networks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the protection of copyright in peer-to-peer networks. The technical result is the possibility of forming lists of addresses of users who infringe copyright. A method for registering the illegal use of intellectual property, which is carried out with the aid of a network sensor for protecting intellectual property in peer-to-peer networks, said sensor comprising server equipment, a database of protected content, a database of IP addresses and a network interface, wherein the network sensor collects active torrent links, identifies data files residing in a peer-to-peer network which correspond to copyrighted content in the database, registers and documents a violation of the legal rights of the copyright holder, registers the act of illegal downloading/distribution of content belonging to the copyright holder, and also identifies the IP address of the seeder/leecher.

Description

 Way to protect intellectual property in

 peer-to-peer networks

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to methods for protecting intellectual property in peer-to-peer networks (IPSPS). The ZIPSS system allows you to detect and identify the IP of a user who is a member of a peer-to-peer network and uses a peer-to-peer network to download or distribute files with unlicensed content, and provides the opportunity to use the content in compliance with the license conditions of the copyright holder.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

With the development of computer networks, g-exchange technologies were created that are stored on users' computers connected to local networks. One of these is the option when all computers interconnected among themselves have equivalent functions, that is, they can both receive data, acting as a server, and send data, acting as “

customer. These networks are called peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, from English “peer-to-reeg” or “peer to peer”, also called decentralized networks.

A peer-to-peer, decentralized, or peer-to-peer (from peer-to-peer, P2P - peer to peer) network is an overlay computer network based on the equality of participants, in which there are often no dedicated servers, and each node (peer) is a client, and performs the functions of a server. Network members are feasts. An overlay network is a common case of a logical network created on top of another network. Overlay nodes can be are connected either by a physical connection or by a logical connection, for which one or more corresponding routes from physical connections exist in the main network.

Each of the computers participating in the local network can send requests for the provision of any resources to other machines within this network and, thus, act as a client. As a server, each computer is able to process requests from other network participants and send what was requested.

To facilitate the search for existing machines on the network, as well as determine their current status (“online” or “offline”) and search for the necessary files, there are so-called hybrid networks in which there are servers used to coordinate work, search or provide information about existing network machines and their status (on-line, off-line, etc.). Hybrid networks combine the speed of centralized networks and the reliability of decentralized networks thanks to hybrid schemes with independent indexing servers that synchronize information among themselves. If one or more servers fail, the network continues to function. It is such a hybrid model that was the basis of most modern peer-to-peer file-sharing networks.

The prior art decision RU2487406 dated 24.1 1.201 1, IPC G06F21 / 56, designed to increase the level of protection of users' computer systems from malicious objects distributed through peer-to-peer networks, is known. The method for detecting malicious objects distributed through peer-to-peer networks consists of several stages. At the same time, they request metadata related to an unverified download object from the module control on the server of the peer-to-peer network using the client of the peer-to-peer network of the user's computer system. The disadvantage of this system is the limited functionality that allows you to evaluate only the harmfulness of the download objects.

The method described in this application detects and identifies the IP address of a user who is a member of a peer-to-peer network and uses a peer-to-peer network to download or distribute files with unlicensed content. Also, the proposed system and method have an advantage over the known analogue, since they allow the identification of the IP of a user who is a member of the peer-to-peer network.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical result achieved by the claimed invention consists in forming a list of addresses of users engaged in the unlawful distribution of licensed content. The specified technical result is achieved through the use of a network sensor for protecting intellectual property in peer-to-peer networks (SS ZIPSS). SS ZISPS is a technical solution containing server equipment, a database of protected content, a database of IP addresses, a network interface. In turn, server hardware is hardware specialized to run service software on it to solve the tasks of collecting and analyzing files from peer-to-peer networks.

At the time of connecting the user's computer to the distribution or upon receipt of content in the peer-to-peer network, SS ZISPS collects Active links to files on computers on the network as an equal participant in the network. Receiving or distributing content, SS ZIPSPS establishes the correspondence of data files located in a peer-to-peer network to copyrighted content from a database. Thus, control over the use of content is carried out, since CC ZISPS identifies the unlawful use and distribution of copyrighted content. In other words, SS ZISPS registers and documents the violation of the legal rights of copyright holders. For this, the recorded facts of the distribution of licensed content are checked for compliance with the conditions established by the copyright holders. Allowed and forbidden use cases of licensed content are recorded in the Database (DB) of the network sensor for each instance of licensed content. Violation of the terms of use is recorded with the help of SS ZIPSPS, the fact of unlicensed download / distribution of the content of the copyright holder is recorded, and the IP address of the sider / licher is identified.

Having recorded the fact of illegal use of content, the protection system adds the IP address of the user's computer to the database of the network sensor in the corresponding table of addresses of violators. SS ZIPSPS informs Internet service providers and copyright holders of a recorded violation of exclusive rights. Additionally, it is possible to notify violators of the unlawful use of someone else's intellectual property. Through advertising platforms (the totality of advertising spots on any sites, in advertising networks, social networks, thematic mailings), a message with an offer is delivered to the attacker on the appropriate IP address stop the misuse of intellectual property. By agreement with the copyright holder, the specified message may contain an offer of payment and / or purchase of rights to the corresponding work. In accordance with the laws of a particular country, an Internet service provider may block this IP address or apply other methods of attacking the attacker. In turn, the copyright holder has the opportunity to apply to the court with a request to stop the offense.

User notification of copyright infringement and the possibility of payment is provided through an inventory of advertising sites or sites on the Internet that transmit the ZISPS network sensor database (or the advertising platform sends requests to the network sensor database). The advertising platform or any site connected to the ZISPS system shows a notification of copyright infringement and an offer to pay for the use of the copyright holder’s content at the appropriate IP address from the sensor database.

SS ZIPSPS is intended for analysis of content contained _in segments of files transferred between computers of torrent network participants. Torrent networks are considered for disclosing the operation algorithm of SS ZIPS and are one of the special cases of peer-to-peer networks in which the ZIPS method works similarly to the described case. SS ZIPSPS checks data files transmitted through a peer-to-peer network for the content of intellectual property rights in them.

SS ZISPS establishes a connection with a torrent network acting as a client of the network. Before downloading the data files, the SS ZIPS is connected to the torrent tracker at the address indicated in the torrent file, tells him his address and the hash of the torrent file and in response receives the addresses of other clients downloading or distributing content.

When connecting, clients exchange information about their segments of data files. SS ZIPSPS acts as a client and downloads a data file segment from another client on the torrent network. The loaded segment of the data file is stored in temporary storage on a network sensor. After that, the SS ZISPS checks the checksum of the data file segment. If the checksum matches the checksum stored in the torrent file, then the segment is considered loaded successfully and without errors. Otherwise, the segment of the data file is re-queued for download, a connection is established with the sider and re-loaded into temporary storage.

Having received the file segment, C C checks the content contained in the segment obtained from the active links of the file against the network filter content database with licensing conditions for each instance. The content database of the network sensor is formed from the content copies provided by the copyright holders. At the first stage of the comparison, a search is performed on the hash sum of the received file segment, text data extracted from the downloaded file, name of the downloaded file, etc. In this case, the stage ends with an assessment of the relevance of the analyzed downloaded file to the content element from the network sensor database. With relevance over 95%, the content is recognized as equivalent to the content element from the database of the network sensor, and using the network sensor, the conditions for the distribution and use of this content element are checked under the licensed conditions of copyright holders. It should be noted that the information and data constituting the subject of the analysis of the first stage are lines of text contained in the compared documents (the downloaded file and in the content element file from the network filter database). They compare and calculate the relevance of such information as: hash - the sum of documents (file or file segments); file name and extension; metadata, tags, service information contained in compared documents, etc. An example of compared metadata is an ID3 signature used in sound files in the MP3 format and containing data on the name of the track, album, artist name, etc.

Provided that at the first stage it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the DB elements of the content of the network sensor, the second stage of analysis of sound files and audio tracks is carried out. Using a third-party service (for example, SoundHound, Midomi, Google ASR and TTS, etc.) or using a network sensor, audio tracks are compared with the original licensed recordings. Identified downloaded files equivalent to the content item from the network sensor database are compared with the licensing conditions of the copyright holders for the distribution and use of content.

The third stage of comparison is performed, provided that the downloaded file contains a video sequence, and in the previous steps it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the database content elements of the network sensor. Corresponding graphic images (video materials and pictures) are compared with licensed materials of the network sensor database. When comparing graphic images, pattern recognition technologies are used. The proposed implementation provides the effective identification of similar to the degree of confusion images. Moreover, the images are recognized as similar under the condition of different levels of contrast, saturation, brightness of images. They also provide detection of similar images when changing the ratio of image sizes in height and width, scaling, changing the resolution of the image.

If the contents of the file segment coincide with the content database database of the network sensor, the SS ZISPS determines and fixes at least the IP address of the client that distributed this segment of the file and enters it into the network sensor database.

SS ZISPS is a multi-platform solution and operates on any platform. In a preferred embodiment, implementation options are provided for popular platforms and network operating systems. An operating system (OS) is a set of control and processing programs that, on the one hand, act as an interface between computing system devices and application programs, and on the other hand, are used to control devices, manage computing processes, and efficiently distribute computing resources between computing processes and the organization of reliable computing. This definition applies to most modern general-purpose operating systems. The list of the main platforms for which the corresponding network filter module has been developed contains at least the following OS: the Windows NT family, Unix-like (Linux, MacOS X, etc.), embedded (iOS, Android, Windows Embedded, Windows Mobile, Windows Phone ) Sensor database (sensor database) - the database formed by the sensor on the basis of information received from the peer-to-peer network and analyzed using the sensor for ownership of the copyright holder. The database is a list of IP addresses that are illegally downloaded or distributed at the current time.

Notification of copyright infringement and the possibility of payment is provided through the inventory of advertising platforms to which the sensor database is transmitted (or the site itself refers to the sensor database for information). The advertising platform shows a notification of copyright infringement and an offer to pay for the use of the copyright holder’s content at the appropriate IP address from the sensor database.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 shows a flowchart of a method. Figure 2 depicts the architecture of the system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Peer-to-peer data exchange can be organized within networks of different sizes. In terms of territorial prevalence, it is customary to divide computer networks into local area networks (LAN - Local Area Networks) and wide area networks (WANs - Wide Area Networks) covering large geographical regions, including both local area networks and other telecommunication networks and devices. In local area networks, small in size, can also be organized data exchange using a peer-to-peer network. For networks where it is possible to determine IP and MAC addresses computer systems, intellectual property protection in peer-to-peer networks (ZIPSS) allows you to use an additional module for storing information about blocked addresses. In this embodiment, the systems will receive the IP addresses and MAC addresses of the computer systems located on the network using, for example, ARP requests that place new unverified metadata files on a peer to peer network server. Further, if as a result of the operation of the described system, it is found that the placed metadata file refers to a download object representing unauthorized access to licensed content, then the corresponding data is entered into the information storage unit about the blocked addresses. In the future, attempts to place a new metadata file from a computer system that previously posted a metadata file related to licensed content will be blocked. In this case, after checking the address of the computer system using an advertising platform, the user of such a computer system is informed of the need to purchase rights to use protected licensed content.

An example of hybrid networks is BitTorrent, in which files are transferred in parts, each torrent client, receiving (downloading) these parts, at the same time gives (uploads) them to other clients, which reduces the load and dependence on each client source. There are many other client programs for exchanging files using the BitTorrent protocol.

The principle of operation of bit torrents.

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of a method of implementing intellectual property protection in peer-to-peer networks. According to figure 1, position 1, before starting the download client connects to the torrent tracker 26 at the address specified in the torrent file, tells it its address and the hash sum of the torrent file, to which the client receives the addresses of other clients downloading or distributing the same file. Next, the client periodically informs the torrent tracker 26 about the progress of the process and receives an updated list of addresses. This process is called an ad.

If at step 2 there is not enough information about the downloaded file to identify a match of the downloaded file with an element in the protected content library, the clients connect to each other and exchange file segments without the direct participation of the torrent tracker 26. As shown in Figure 2, the torrent tracker 26 stores information received from clients connected to the exchange, a list of the clients themselves and other statistical information. For the effective operation of the BitTorrent network, it is necessary that as many torrent clients as possible 25 (all or some of the positions 25a, 256, 25v, 25g, 25d, 25e) are able to accept incoming connections.

According to figure 1 on. Stage 3 downloads a new unknown file from the peer-to-peer network. When connecting, customers immediately exchange information about their segments. A client who wants to download a segment (leecher) sends a request and, if the second client is ready to give, receives this segment. After that, the client checks the checksum of the segment. If it matches the one recorded in the torrent file, then the segment is considered to be successfully downloaded, and the client notifies all attached peers about the presence of this segment. If the checksums differ, then the segment starts downloading again. Some clients block those peers that too often give the wrong segments. Thus, the volume of service information (the size of the torrent file and the size of messages with a list of segments) directly depends on the number, and therefore the size of the segments. Therefore, when choosing a segment, it is necessary to maintain a balance: on the one hand, with

5 a large segment size the volume of service information will be less, but in case of error checking the checksum will have to download again more information. On the other hand, with a small size, errors are not so critical, since it is necessary to reload a smaller amount, but the size of the torrent file and messages about

The 10 available segments are getting bigger.

Upon receipt of the full file, the client switches to a special mode of operation, in which additional steps are taken to identify matches of the downloaded file with the element in the library of protected content (see Figure 1, position 4). In this case, additional stages of analysis of the downloaded file are carried out.

At the first stage of the comparison, a search is performed by the hash sum of the received file segment, text data extracted from the downloaded file, name of the downloaded file, etc.

^ 20 ^and ends with an assessment of the relevance of the analyzed downloaded file to the content element from the database of the network sensor 24. If relevant, more than 95% of the content is recognized as equivalent to the content element from the database of the network sensor 24, and using the network sensor 24, the distribution conditions are checked and

2 ^{, J} 5 use of this content element by licensing terms of copyright holders 21.

It should be noted that the information and data constituting the subject of analysis of the first stage are lines of text contained in the compared documents (the downloaded file and file of the content item from the network filter database). They compare and calculate the relevance of such information as: hash - the sum of documents (file or file segments); file name and extension; metadata, tags, service information contained in the documents being compared, etc. In one of the preferred embodiments of the invention, the distribution of texts of fiction, author's scientific articles, journalistic materials of journals and other textual materials is revealed by lines of text.

Provided that at the first stage it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the DB elements of the content of the network sensor 24, the second stage of analysis of sound files and audio tracks is carried out. Using a third-party service (for example, SoundHound, Midomi, Google ASR and TTS, etc.) or using a network sensor 24, audio tracks are compared with the original licensed recordings. Identified downloaded files equivalent to the content item from the database of the network sensor 24 are compared with the licensing conditions of the copyright holders 21 to distribute and use the content.

The third stage of comparison is performed, provided that the downloaded file contains a video sequence, and in the previous stages it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the database elements of the content of the network sensor 24. The corresponding graphic images (video materials and pictures) are compared with licensed materials Network sensor database. When comparing graphic images, pattern recognition technologies are used. The proposed implementation provides the effective identification of similar to the degree of confusion images. Moreover, the images are recognized as similar under the condition of different levels of contrast, saturation, brightness of images. They also provide detection of similar images when changing the ratio of image sizes in height and width, scaling, changing the resolution of the image.

If during the checks (see Fig. 1, positions 2 and 4) matches with the content of the file segment from the content database of the SS ZIPSPS 24 are detected and recorded, at least the IP address of the client that distributed this segment of the file (see Fig. 1 position 5), and enters it into the network sensor database 24.

According to Figure 2, having recorded the fact of illegal use of content, SS ZIPSPS 24 adds the IP address of the user's computer to the database of IP addresses of the network sensor 23, in the corresponding table of addresses of violators. SS ZIPSPS 24 informs Internet service providers 20 and copyright holders 21 of a recorded violation of exclusive rights (see Figure 1, position 6). Additionally, it is possible to notify violators of the unlawful use of someone else's intellectual property. Through advertising platforms 22, a message is sent to the attacker at the appropriate IP address with a proposal to stop the misuse of intellectual property (see Figure 1, position 7). By agreement with copyright holder 21, the specified message may contain an offer of payment and / or purchase of rights to the corresponding work. In accordance with the legislation of a particular country, the Internet service provider 20 may block the given IP address of client torrent 25 or use other methods of influencing the intruder. In turn, copyright holder 21 has the opportunity to apply to the court with a request to stop the offense.

User notification of copyright infringement and the possibility of payment is provided through the inventory of advertising platforms 22 or sites on the Internet to which the database of the network sensor 24 of ZIPS is transmitted (or advertising platform 22 sends requests to the database of the network sensor). Advertising platform 22 or any website connected to the ZISPS system shows a notification of copyright infringement and an offer to pay for the use of content by copyright holder 21 at the corresponding IP address from the database of the network sensor 23.

Many files distributed on such networks that are not legally free for distribution from the legal point of view are distributed without the permission of the copyright holders 21. It is technically impossible to stop the distribution of the file on a decentralized network — to do this, physically disconnect from the network all the machines on which this file is located, and there can be many such machines — depending on the popularity of the file, their number can reach hundreds of thousands.

When using bit torrents, copyright infringement occurs, including in the case of transferring part of a copyrighted object, even if the downloader did not receive other parts in principle. Moreover, the system of downloading “pieces” of files simply expands the circle of collaborators for a specific violation.

In conclusion, it should be noted that the information provided in the description are examples that do not limit the scope of the present invention defined by the formula. Specialist in In this area, it should be clear that there are alternative embodiments of the invention, consistent with the essence of the present invention. Therefore, the attached claims containing a combination of features characterizing the invention should not be interpreted in the narrow sense of the examples of implementation disclosed in the description, but at the same time it discloses the scope of legal protection granted to the invention in the event of the grant of a patent.

Claims

CLAIM 1. A method for registering the misuse of intellectual property objects, implemented using a network sensor containing server equipment, a database of protected content, a database of IP addresses and a network interface, while the hardware carries out the execution of service software to perform the following main stages of the method: network sensor protection of intellectual property in peer-to-peer networks (SS ZISPS) collects active torrent links; SS ZISPS establishes the correspondence of data files located in the peer-to-peer network with the corresponding copyrighted content from the database; CC ZISPS registers and documents violations of the legal rights of copyright holders; record a violation of the terms of use, record using a network sensor, register the fact of unlicensed downloading/distribution of content of the copyright holder, and also identify the IP address of the seeder/leecher; permitted and prohibited options for using licensed content are recorded in the Database (DB) of the network sensor for each instance of licensed content;. registering the IP address of the user's computer in the network sensor database, in the corresponding table of addresses of violators; inform Internet service providers and copyright holders about a recorded violation of exclusive rights. 2. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which violators are additionally notified of the misuse of someone else’s intellectual property using advertising platforms. 3. The method according to claim 2 of the formula, in which a message is delivered to the offender at the corresponding IP address with a proposal to stop the misuse of intellectual property Yu property. 4. The method according to claim 3, in which the agreement with the copyright holder contains an offer to pay and/or purchase rights to the corresponding work. ^ 5. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which the CC ZISPS checks data files transmitted over the peer-to-peer network for the content of objects of intellectual property rights. 6. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which the CC ZISPS establishes a connection to the torrent network, acting as a client of the network and downloads files, connects to the torrent tracker at the address specified in the torrent file, tells it its address and hash amount torrent file and in return receives the addresses of other clients downloading or distributing content. 5 7. The method according to claim 1, in which the downloaded segment of the data file is stored in temporary storage on the network sensor. 8. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which the CC ZISPS checks the checksum of the data file segment, and if checksum matches the checksum stored in the torrent file, then the segment is considered downloaded successfully and without errors, otherwise the data file segment is re-queued for downloading, a connection is established with the seeder and re-downloaded into temporary storage. 9. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which the CC ZISPS checks the content contained in the segment of the file received via active links with the network filter content database with license conditions for each instance. 10. The method according to claim 1 of the formula, in which the SS ZISPS searches by the hash sum of the received file segment, text data extracted from the downloaded file, the name of the downloaded file, evaluates the relevance of the analyzed downloaded file to the content element from the network sensor database, then, if relevant more than 95% of the content is recognized as equivalent to the content element from the network sensor database, and with the help of the network sensor, the conditions for distribution and use of this content element are checked against the licensing conditions of the copyright holders. 1 1. The method according to claim 10 of the formula, in which the SS ZISPS compares and calculates relevance using such information as: hash sum of documents (file or file segments); file name and extension; metadata, tags, service information contained in the compared documents, etc. An example of compared metadata is the ID3 signature used in audio files in the MP3 format and containing data on the name of the track, album, artist name, etc. 12. The method according to claim 11 of the formula, in which the SS ZISPS provided that that at the first stage it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the elements of the network sensor content database, they analyze sound files and audio tracks. 13. The method according to claim 12 of the formula, in which the SS ZISPS performs the comparison stage, provided that the downloaded file contains a video sequence, and also in the previous stages it was not possible to establish the correspondence of the downloaded file to any of the elements of the network sensor content database. 14. The method according to claim 13 of the formula, in which the CC ZISPS checks the corresponding graphic images (video materials and pictures) and compares them with the licensed materials of the network sensor database.