WO2015046229A1 - 多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善する方法 - Google Patents
多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells.
- the present invention also relates to a gene transfer vector, a gene transfer composition used in the induction of pluripotent stem cells, and use thereof.
- the present invention increases the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells in the induction of pluripotent stem cells including the step of introducing a vector containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in one vector in this order. It is related to the technology.
- induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells also called induced pluripotent stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells
- IPS cells have been produced by introducing reprogramming factors in various mammalian cells including mice
- iPS cells use retroviral vectors to introduce reprogramming factors, but retroviral vectors are limited in their use due to the risk of tumor development due to integration into the host genome (Non-Patent Documents).
- adenoviral vectors and plasmids To solve this problem, attempts have been made to induce iPS cells using adenoviral vectors and plasmids. However, as long as DNA-type vectors are used, the concern for integration into the genome should be completely eliminated. I can't. Moreover, the induction efficiency of iPS cells by these vectors is extremely low (Non-Patent Document 10-13).
- the present inventors have previously developed a system for inducing iPS cells using a Sendai virus vector, which is one of RNA-type viruses (Patent Documents 1, 2). ).
- the induction efficiency of iPS cells using the Sendai virus vector was significantly higher than when other vectors were used.
- Sendai virus vectors do not have a DNA phase in the life cycle and have no concern of being integrated into the host genome, so that they are excellent in safety and easy to remove after induction of iPS cells.
- the technique of the present invention that further increases the induction efficiency of iPS cells is not known.
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a gene transfer vector, a gene transfer composition used in the induction of pluripotent stem cells, and use thereof.
- the present invention increases the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells in the induction of pluripotent stem cells including the step of introducing a vector containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in one vector in this order. And a gene transfer vector and a composition used therefor.
- the present inventors include a step of introducing a vector comprising a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene, which are reprogramming factors, into one vector in this order.
- a temperature-sensitive vector as this vector
- culturing at a low temperature (36 ° C.) after introducing the vector leads to pluripotent stem cells with relatively high efficiency
- 37 ° C. which is a normal cell culture temperature
- the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells may be significantly reduced.
- temperature-sensitive vectors are excellent in that they can be removed rapidly after induction of pluripotent stem cells, in order to efficiently induce pluripotent stem cells in this way, it is necessary to culture at low temperature after introducing the vector There was a problem that there was.
- the inventors diligently searched for a method that can induce pluripotent stem cells with high efficiency without using a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector and without culturing at a low temperature after introducing the vector.
- a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in one vector in this order is introduced, a vector that contains the KLF gene but does not contain the OCT gene and the SOX gene is introduced at a low temperature. It has been found that the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells can be significantly increased without culturing in the above.
- the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are contained in these vectors, rather than the combination of a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order in combination with a vector that expresses only the MYC gene.
- the present invention relates to a method for improving the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells in the induction of pluripotent stem cells including the step of introducing a vector comprising a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in one vector in this order, and The present invention relates to gene transfer vectors and compositions used for that purpose, and more specifically to the inventions described in the respective claims.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in this order in one vector is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, and A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein.
- Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, and L511F mutation in the P protein.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, a mutation of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, and D433A, R434A, K437A, and The method according to [5], wherein the L511F mutation is an F gene-deleted Sendai virus vector containing the L1361C, L1558I, N1197S, and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in this order in one vector is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, and A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein.
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutation in HN protein, L511F mutation in P protein
- the L protein is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing N1197S and K1795E mutations.
- a composition for inducing pluripotent stem cells (A) a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in this order in one vector; and (b) a Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene.
- composition for inducing pluripotent stem cells, (A) A temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in this order in one vector, wherein the M protein has G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations, and the HN protein has A262T, G264R, and K461G mutation, P433 protein D433A, R434A, K437A, and L511F mutation, and L protein N1197S and K1795E mutation-containing Sendai virus vector, and (b) KLF gene, OCT gene and SOX gene Sendai virus vector that does not contain G, mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, mutations of L511F in the P protein, and mutations of N1197S and K1795E in the L protein F gene deletion type Sendai virus vector,
- a kit for inducing pluripotent stem cells (A) a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in this order in one vector; and (b) a Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene.
- kit [17] A kit for inducing pluripotent stem cells, (A) A temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in this order in one vector, wherein the M protein has G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations, and the HN protein has A262T, G264R, and K461G mutation, P433 protein D433A, R434A, K437A, and L511F mutation, and L protein N1197S and K1795E mutation-containing Sendai virus vector, and (b) KLF gene, OCT gene and SOX gene Sendai virus vector that does not contain G, mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, mutations of L511F in the P protein, and mutations of N1197S and K1795E in the L protein F gene deletion type Sendai virus vector,
- the kit according to [18] further comprising an F gene-deleted Sendai virus vector comprising the L511F mutation, and the L protein containing the L1361C, L1558I, N1197S, and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells using a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order can be significantly improved.
- the use of temperature-sensitive vectors enables rapid removal of vectors after induction of pluripotent stem cells, and can induce pluripotent stem cells with high efficiency without performing culture at low temperatures. It is useful in.
- the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells from human adult skin-derived fibroblasts was shown. Each condition is the same as FIG. It is a figure which shows the induction
- the result of infecting human fetal lung cell-derived fibroblast (MRC-5) vector and staining cells on day 28 with alkaline phosphatase is shown. It is a figure which shows the induction
- Each condition is the same as FIG.
- the present invention includes a KLF gene and does not include an OCT gene and a SOX gene in the induction of pluripotent stem cells including a step of introducing a vector comprising a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in one vector in this order.
- the present invention relates to a method for increasing the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells, which further comprises the step of introducing a vector. More specifically, the method of the present invention relates to a pluripotent stem cell in a method of inducing a pluripotent stem cell by introducing a temperature sensitive viral vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in one vector in this order.
- the method further comprises the step of further introducing a viral vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene.
- the culture after the introduction of the vector need not be performed at a low temperature (eg, less than 36.5 ° C., more specifically, eg, 36 ° C. or less). That is, the method of the present invention can induce pluripotent stem cells with high efficiency without using low-temperature culture (eg, culturing at less than 36.5 ° C.) while using a temperature-sensitive mutant vector. It is excellent in that the vector disappears promptly after induction.
- the present invention provides a pluripotent stem cell in a method for introducing a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in one vector in this order and inducing pluripotent stem cells without low-temperature culture.
- induction of pluripotent stem cells includes production of pluripotent stem cells, and improvement of induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells includes improvement of production efficiency of pluripotent stem cells.
- the MYC gene can be introduced using, for example, a temperature sensitive virus vector, preferably a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- a vector containing a KLF gene, an OCT gene, and a SOX gene in this order in one vector, and a vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene are differentiated into differentiated cells such as somatic cells.
- a method of reprogramming a cell comprising the step of introducing or contacting is provided.
- the present invention is also a method for introducing the above-mentioned reprogramming factor gene in cell reprogramming, wherein the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are combined into one vector in this order.
- a method comprising introducing these reprogramming factor genes using a vector comprising a KLF gene and not comprising an OCT gene and a SOX gene, and a composition comprising the vector for use in the method provide.
- a pluripotent stem cell refers to a stem cell produced from an inner cell mass of an embryo at the blastocyst stage of an animal or a cell having a phenotype similar to it.
- the pluripotent stem cell induced in the present invention is a cell that expresses alkaline phosphatase, which is an indicator of ES-like cells.
- ES-like cells refer to pluripotent stem cells having properties and / or morphology similar to ES cells.
- the pluripotent stem cells are cultured to form a flat colony composed of cells having a higher nucleus capacity ratio than the cytoplasm. You may culture
- pluripotent stem cells can be passaged for a long time, for example, 15 times or more, preferably 20 times or more every 3 days. It can be confirmed that the growth is not lost even after passage 25 times or more, 30 times or more, 35 times or more, or 40 times or more.
- the pluripotent stem cells preferably express endogenous OCT3 / 4 or Nanog, more preferably both.
- the pluripotent stem cell preferably expresses TERT and exhibits telomerase activity (activity for synthesizing telomeric repeat sequences).
- the pluripotent stem cell preferably has the ability to differentiate into three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm) (for example, it can be confirmed in teratoma formation and / or embryoid body formation). More preferably, pluripotent stem cells generate germline chimeras by transplanting into blastocysts. A pluripotent stem cell capable of Germline transmission is called a germline-competent pluripotent stem cell. Confirmation of these phenotypes can be performed by a well-known method (WO2007 / 69666; Ichisaka T et al., Nature 448 (7151): 313-7, 2007).
- the term “differentiated” means that the differentiation stage has progressed more than before, for example, it may be differentiated more than pluripotent stem cells, and it still has the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages. State (for example, somatic stem cells) and a terminally differentiated state. Differentiated cells are cells derived from pluripotent stem cells (other than pluripotent stem cells). Differentiated cells may have no ability to differentiate into, for example, three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm). Such cells do not have the ability to form three germ layers unless reprogrammed. The differentiated cells may be cells that cannot generate cells other than the germ layer type to which the cells belong, for example. Differentiated cells may be somatic cells, for example, cells other than germ cells.
- reprogramming means that a certain cell is differentiated from the undifferentiated state.
- a differentiated cell is dedifferentiated, for example, has pluripotency. Inducing cells with no cells, such as pluripotent stem cells.
- dedifferentiation means that a certain cell is in an immature (eg, undifferentiated) state. Dedifferentiation may mean returning to the initial or developing state in which a cell has differentiated.
- dedifferentiation may be a state in which cells that cannot generate cells other than the germ layer type to which they belong can be differentiated into cells of other germ layers. Dedifferentiation includes, for example, that a cell having no ability to differentiate from three germ layers acquires the ability to differentiate from three germ layers. Dedifferentiation also includes the generation of pluripotent stem cells.
- somatic cells are cells other than pluripotent stem cells and germ cells, for example.
- Somatic cells include, for example, cells other than pluripotent stem cells among cells constituting multicellular organisms, and cultured cells thereof.
- Somatic cells include, for example, somatic stem cells and terminally differentiated cells.
- low temperature culture means culturing at a temperature lower than 36.5 ° C.
- the low temperature culture is less than 36.4 ° C, more preferably 36.3 ° C, 36.2 ° C, 36.1 ° C, 36 ° C, 35.9 ° C, 35.8 ° C, 35.7 ° C, 35.6 ° C, 35.5 ° C, 35.4 ° C, 35.3 ° C, 35.2 ° C, 35.1
- the lower limit is, for example, 30 ° C, preferably 31 ° C, more preferably 32 ° C, 33 ° C, or 34 ° C.
- about 37 ° C. means specifically 36.5 to 37.5 ° C., preferably 36.6 to 37.4 ° C., more preferably 36.7 ° C. to 37.3 ° C.
- the temperature sensitivity means that the activity is significantly reduced at a normal cell culture temperature (for example, 37 to 38 ° C.) as compared with a low temperature kit (for example, 30 to 36 ° C.). More preferably, it means that the activity is significantly reduced at 37 ° C compared to 36 ° C.
- a temperature-sensitive vector means that the expression level at a normal cell culture temperature (eg, 37-38 ° C.) is significantly lower than the expression level under low temperature (eg, 30-36 ° C.).
- Sendai virus TS 7 (L protein Y942H / L1361C / L1558I mutation), TS 12 (P protein D433A / R434A / K437A mutation, TS 13 (P protein D433A / R434A / K437A mutation and L protein L1558I mutation, Mutations such as TS 14 (P protein D433A / R434A / K437A mutation and L protein L1361C), TS 15 (P protein D433A / R434A / K437A mutation and L protein L1361C / L1558I) are temperature-sensitive mutations.
- the vector is preferably a viral vector.
- a viral vector is a vector having a genomic nucleic acid derived from the virus and capable of expressing the gene by incorporating a transgene into the nucleic acid.
- the Sendai virus vector is a non-chromosomal viral vector, and since the vector is expressed in the cytoplasm, there is no risk that the transgene is integrated into the host chromosome (nucleus-derived chromosome). Therefore, it is highly safe and the vector can be removed after reprogramming is completed.
- the Sendai virus vector is an infectious virus particle, a virus core, a complex of a virus genome and a virus protein, or a complex composed of a non-infectious virus particle.
- Complexes with the ability to express the onboard gene are included.
- a ribonucleoprotein virus core
- NP, P, and L proteins Sendai virus proteins
- NP, P, and L proteins Sendai virus proteins
- the introduction into the cells may be appropriately performed using a transfection reagent or the like.
- RNP ribonucleoprotein
- Sendai virus belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family (including Paramyxoviridae; Paramyxovirus, Morbillivirus, Rubulavirus, and Pneumovirus), and is a single negative chain (encoding a viral protein).
- RNA of the sense strand (antisense strand) is included as a genome.
- Negative strand RNA is also called negative strand RNA.
- Paramyxoviridae viruses other than Sendai virus include Newcastle disease virus, Mumps virus, Measles virus, RS virus (Respiratory syncytial virus), Rinderpest virus (rinderpest virus), distemper virus (distemper virus), simian parainfluenza virus (SV5), human parainfluenza virus type 1,2,3, orthomyxoviridae influenza virus (Influenza virus), rhabdoviridae ( Rhabdoviridae) vesicular stomatitis virus (Vesicular stomatitis virus), rabies virus (Rabies virus) and the like, more specifically, for example, Sendai virus (SeV), human parainfluenza virus-1 (HPIV-1), human parainfluenza virus-3 (HPIV-3), phocine distemper virus (PDV), canine distemper vi rus (CDV), dolphin molbillivirus (DMV), peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PD
- Sendai virus SeV
- human parainfluenza virus-1 HPIV-1
- human parainfluenza virus-3 HPIV-3
- phocine distemper virus PDV
- canine distemper virus CDV
- dolphin molbillivirus DMV
- Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus PDPR
- melesles virus MV
- rinderpest virus RSV
- Hendra virus Hendra
- accession number of the nucleotide sequence database of each gene of Sendai virus is M29343, M30202, M30203, M30204, M51331, M55565, M69046, X17218 for the NP gene, M30202, M30203, M30204, M55565, M69046 X00583, X17007, X17008, M gene D11446, K02742, M30202, M30203, M30204, M69046, U31956, X00584, X53056 , X02131, HN gene, D26475, M12397, M30202, M30203, M30204, M69046, X00586, X02808, X56131, and L gene are D00053, M30202, M30203, M30204, M69040, X00587, and X58886.
- viral genes encoded by other viruses are as follows: CDV, AF014953; DMV, X75961; HPIV-1, D01070; HPIV-2, M55320; HPIV-3, D10025 Mapuera, X85128; Mumps, D86172; MV, K01711; NDV, AF064091; PDPR, X74443; PDV, X75717; RPV, X68311; SeV, X00087; SV5, M81442; SV5, M81442; SV5, M81442; DMV, Z47758; HPIV-l, M74081; HPIV-3, X04721; HPIV-4a, M55975; HPIV-4b, M55976; Mumps, D86173; MV, M89920; NDV, M20302; PDV, X75960; RPV, V68311 M30202; SV5, AF052755; and Tu
- the Sendai virus vector of the present invention has 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, or 99% or more identity with the coding sequence of any of the above viral genes.
- Including a nucleotide sequence having The Sendai virus vector of the present invention is, for example, 90% or more, preferably 95% or more, 96% or more, 97% or more, 98% or more, with the amino acid sequence encoded by any of the above viral gene coding sequences, Or a nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid sequence having 99% or more identity.
- Sendai virus vector of the present invention for example, in the amino acid sequence encoded by the coding sequence of any of the above viral genes, preferably within 10, preferably within 9, within 8, within 7, within 6, A nucleotide sequence encoding an amino acid sequence in which 5 amino acids, 4 amino acids, 3 amino acids, 2 amino acids, or 1 amino acid is substituted, inserted, deleted, and / or added is included.
- sequences to which database accession numbers such as base sequences and amino acid sequences described in this specification are referenced refer to, for example, sequences on the filing date and priority date of the present application. It is possible to specify as a sequence at any point of time, preferably as a sequence as of the filing date of the present application. The sequence at each time point can be specified by referring to the revision history of the database.
- the Sendai virus vector used in the present invention may be a derivative, and the derivative includes a virus whose virus gene has been modified, a virus that has been chemically modified, and the like so as not to impair the gene transfer ability by the virus.
- Sendai virus may also be derived from natural strains, wild strains, mutant strains, laboratory passage strains, and artificially constructed strains.
- the Z strain Medical Journal Osaka University Vol.6, No.1, March 1955 p1-15. That is, as long as the target reprogramming can be induced, the virus may be a virus vector having the same structure as a virus isolated from nature, or a virus artificially modified by genetic recombination. .
- any gene possessed by the wild-type virus may be mutated or defective. It is also possible to use incomplete viruses such as DI particles (J. Virol. 68: 8413-8417, 1994).
- a virus having a mutation or deletion in at least one gene encoding a viral envelope protein or outer shell protein can be preferably used.
- a viral vector is, for example, a viral vector that can replicate the genome in infected cells but cannot form infectious viral particles.
- Such a transmission ability-deficient virus vector is highly safe because there is no concern of spreading infection around it.
- viral vectors that do not contain at least one gene encoding an envelope protein or spike protein such as F and / or HN, or combinations thereof can be used (WO00 / 70055 and WO00 / 70070; Li, H -O. Et al., J. Virol. 74 (14) 6564-6569 (2000)).
- proteins necessary for genome replication are encoded in genomic RNA
- the genome can be amplified in infected cells.
- a defective virus for example, a defective gene product or a protein capable of complementing it is supplied exogenously in virus-producing cells (WO00 / 70055 and WO00 / 70070; Li, H.-O. et al., J. Virol. 74 (14) 6654-6569 (2000)).
- a method for recovering a viral vector as a non-infectious viral particle (VLP) without completely complementing a defective viral protein is also known (WO00 / 70070).
- VLP non-infectious viral particle
- the vector can be produced without complementing the envelope protein.
- the present invention provides a method for gene transfer in reprogramming, a method for producing reprogrammed cells, a composition therefor, and a kit, particularly using a Sendai virus vector having a mutation and / or deletion in the viral gene.
- a large number of mutations including an attenuation mutation and a temperature-sensitive mutation are known in envelope proteins and outer shell proteins.
- Sendai virus having these mutant protein genes can be preferably used in the present invention.
- a vector with reduced cytotoxicity can be desirably used. Cytotoxicity can be measured, for example, by quantifying the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cells.
- LDH lactate dehydrogenase
- a vector whose cytotoxicity is significantly attenuated compared to the wild type can be used.
- the degree of attenuation of cytotoxicity is, for example, a culture in which human-derived HeLa cells (ATCC CCL-2) or monkey-derived CV-1 cells (ATCC CCL 70) are infected with MOI (infection titer) 3 and cultured for 3 days.
- a vector in which the amount of LDH released in the liquid is significantly reduced compared to the wild type, for example, 20% or more, 25% or more, 30% or more, 35% or more, 40% or more, or 50% or more can be used.
- mutations that reduce cytotoxicity include temperature-sensitive mutations.
- a temperature-sensitive mutation is a mutation whose activity is significantly reduced at a normal temperature (eg, 37 ° C. to 38 ° C.) of a virus host compared to a low temperature cocoon (30 ° C. to 36 ° C., eg, 30 ° C. to 32 ° C.). .
- a protein having a temperature-sensitive mutation is convenient because a virus can be produced at an allowable temperature (low temperature).
- a viral vector having a temperature-sensitive mutation useful in the present invention has a growth rate or gene expression level of at least 1/2 or less when infected at 37 ° C., for example, compared to when cultured cells are infected at 32 ° C. It is preferably 1/3 or less, more preferably 1/5 or less, more preferably 1/10 or less, and more preferably 1/20 or less.
- the Sendai virus vector used in the present invention may be wild type as long as it does not inhibit reprogramming, expresses a reprogramming factor, and thereby induces or assists in reprogramming, and preferably at least one, more Preferably there are deletions or mutations in at least 2, 3, 4, 5, or more viral genes. Deletions and mutations may be introduced in any combination for each gene.
- the mutation may be a reduced function mutation or a temperature-sensitive mutation, and preferably, at least at 37 ° C., the virus particle-forming ability (non-propagation type) compared to a wild type or a virus not having the mutation.
- NTVLP nontransmissible virus-like particle
- the mutation reduces the expression level of the gene to 1/2 or less, more preferably 1/3 or less, more preferably 1/5 or less, more preferably 1/10 or less, more preferably 1/20 or less.
- Use of such modified viral vectors can be particularly useful for the induction of pluripotent stem cells.
- the Sendai virus vector suitably used in the present invention at least two viral genes are deleted or mutated.
- Such viruses have at least two viral genes deleted, at least two viral genes mutated, at least one viral gene mutated and at least one viral gene deleted Is included.
- the at least two viral genes that are mutated or deleted are preferably genes that encode envelope-constituting proteins.
- a vector lacking the F gene and further lacking the M and / or HN gene or further having a mutation in the M and / or HN gene (for example, an NTVLP formation-inhibiting mutation and / or a temperature sensitive mutation) It is suitably used in the invention.
- a vector in which the F gene is deleted, the M or HN gene is further deleted, and the remaining M and / or HN gene is further mutated is also present. It is suitably used in the invention.
- At least three viral genes are deleted or mutated.
- Such viral vectors have at least 3 genes deleted, at least 3 genes mutated, at least 1 gene mutated and at least 2 genes deleted And those in which at least two genes are mutated and at least one gene is deleted.
- a vector that lacks the F gene and further lacks the M and HN genes, or further has a mutation in the M and HN genes (for example, an NTVLP formation-suppressing mutation and / or a temperature sensitive mutation) Is preferably used in the present invention.
- a vector in which the F gene is deleted, the M or HN gene is further deleted, and the remaining M or HN gene further has a mutation is preferable in the present invention. Used for.
- a mutant virus can be prepared according to a known method.
- preferable mutations in the M gene of Sendai virus include amino acid substitution at a site arbitrarily selected from the group consisting of positions 69 (G69), 116 (T116), and 183 (A183) in the M protein.
- Sendai virus M protein has a genome encoding a mutant M protein in which any of the above three sites, preferably a combination of any two sites, and more preferably all of the three sites are replaced with other amino acids.
- Viruses are preferably used in the present invention.
- the amino acid mutation is preferably a substitution with another amino acid having a different side chain chemistry, such as BLOSUM62 matrix (Henikoff, S. and Henikoff, J. G. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 10915-10919) is substituted with an amino acid having a value of 3 or less, preferably 2 or less, more preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.
- Sendai virus M protein G69, T116, and A183 can be replaced with Glu (E), Ala (A), and Ser (S), respectively.
- the introduction of mutation may be carried out according to a known mutation introduction method using, for example, an oligonucleotide.
- Examples of preferable mutations in the HN gene include amino acid substitution at a site arbitrarily selected from the group consisting of positions 262 (A262), 264 (G264), and 461 (K461) of the Sendai virus HN protein. (Inoue, M. et al., J.Virol. 2003, 77: 3238-3246).
- a virus having a genome encoding a mutant HN protein in which any one of the three sites, preferably a combination of any two sites, more preferably amino acids in all three sites are substituted with other amino acids, is used in the present invention.
- the substitution of amino acids is preferably substitution with other amino acids having different side chain chemical properties.
- A262, G264, and K461 of Sendai virus HN protein are replaced with Thr) (T), Arg (R), and Gly (G) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ , respectively.
- mutations can be introduced into amino acids 464 and 468 of the HN protein (Wright, K. E. et al., Virus Res. 2000: 67 ; 49-57).
- Sendai virus may have a mutation in the P gene and / or L gene.
- mutations include mutation of the 86th Glu (E86) of the SeV P protein and substitution of the SeV P protein with the other amino acid of the 511st Leu (L511).
- the substitution of amino acids is preferably substitution with other amino acids having different side chain chemical properties.
- Specific examples include substitution of the 86th amino acid with Lys and substitution of the 511st amino acid with Phe.
- the substitution of the 1197th Asn (N1197) and / or the 1795th Lys (K1795) of the SeV L protein with other amino acids can be mentioned. Substitution with other amino acids having different chemical properties is preferred.
- the L gene includes substitution of the SeV L protein with the other amino acids of the 1214th Tyr (Y1214) and / or the 1602nd Met (M1602). Substitution with other amino acids with different chemical properties is preferred. Specific examples include substitution of amino acid 1214 with Phe, substitution of amino acid 1602 with Leu, and the like.
- the mutations exemplified above can be arbitrarily combined.
- Sendai virus vector in which at least L at position 1, N at position 1197 and K at position 1795 of each protein are substituted with other amino acids, and F gene is deleted or deleted, and cytotoxicity is F gene-deficient or deleted Sendai virus vectors that are similar to or less than and / or suppress NTVLP formation at 37 ° C. or more are expressed in this invention as nuclear reprogramming factors Therefore, it is particularly suitable.
- substitutions include, for example, substitution of G69E, T116A, and A183S for M protein, substitution of A262T, G264R, and K461G for HN protein, substitution of L511F for P protein, and L As for proteins, N1197S and K1795E substitutions can be mentioned.
- L protein mutations include substitution of amino acids at sites arbitrarily selected from positions 942 (Y942), 1361 (L1361), and 1558 (L1558) of SeV L protein. .
- the substitution of amino acids is preferably substitution with other amino acids having different side chain chemical properties. Specific examples include substitution of the 942nd amino acid with His, substitution of the 1361st amino acid with Cys, substitution of the 1558th amino acid with Ile, and the like.
- L protein substituted at least at positions 942 or 1558 can be used preferably.
- a mutant L protein in which the 1361 position is substituted with another amino acid in addition to the 1558 position is also suitable.
- a mutant L protein in which positions 1558 and / or 1361 are substituted with other amino acids is also suitable. These mutations can increase the temperature sensitivity of the L protein.
- mutations in the P protein include substitution of an amino acid at a site arbitrarily selected from positions 433 (D433), 434 (R434), and 437 (K437) of the SeV P protein with another amino acid.
- the substitution of amino acids is preferably substitution with other amino acids having different side chain chemical properties.
- Specific examples include substitution of the 433th amino acid with Ala (A), substitution of the 434th amino acid with Ala (A), substitution of the 437th amino acid with Ala (A), and the like.
- a P protein in which all of these three sites are substituted can be preferably used. These mutations can increase the temperature sensitivity of P protein.
- Sendai virus vector lacking or deleting the F gene which encodes a mutant L protein (preferably a mutant L protein in which at least L at position 1361 is also substituted with another amino acid), and cytotoxicity is the same or less
- a Sendai virus vector that lacks or deletes the F gene having the same or higher temperature sensitivity as described below and / or higher is also preferably used in the present invention.
- Each viral protein may have a mutation in other amino acids (for example, within 10, within 5, within 4, within 3, 2, or 1 amino acid) in addition to the above mutation.
- the cells are allowed to reach normal temperature (eg, about 37 ° C., specifically 36.5-37.5 ° C., preferably 36.6-37.4 ° C.
- the vector can be easily removed by culturing preferably at 36.7 ° C. to 37.3 ° C.). In removing the vector, the culture may be performed at a slightly high temperature (for example, 37.5 to 39 ° C, preferably 38 to 39 ° C, or 38.5 to 39 ° C).
- TS 7 L (Y942H / L1361C / L1558I)
- TS 12 P (D433A / R434A / K437A)
- TS 13 P (D433A / R434A / K437A), L (L1558I)
- TS 14 P (D433A / R434A / K437A), L (L1361C)
- TS 15 P (D433A / R434A / K437A), L (L1361C)
- Sendai virus vectors having such mutations can be preferably used (International Publication No. WO2010 / 008054).
- Examples of specific vectors include, for example, mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein.
- F gene deletion type Sendai virus vector (for example, Z strain) having a mutation may be used, and a vector in which the above mutation of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, or TS 15 is further introduced into this vector is more preferable.
- SeV18 + / TS ⁇ F (WO2010 / 008054, WO2003 / 025570) and SeV (PM) / TS ⁇ F, and mutations of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, or TS 15 were further introduced into these.
- Examples include, but are not limited to, vectors.
- ⁇ TS ⁇ F '' has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein, Deletion of the F gene.
- a F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector having an L511F mutation in the P protein and an N1197S and K1795E mutation in the L protein, and further comprising the above TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, or TS 15 A vector having the following mutation is preferred.
- the M protein has G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations
- the HN protein has A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations
- the P protein has L511F mutations
- the L protein has N1197S and K1795E mutations
- TS This is a F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector with 12 mutations.
- Sendai virus containing KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene preferably KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene are in this order immediately after Sendai virus P gene, ie immediately downstream of P gene (minus strand RNA). Integrated immediately 5 'of the genome).
- SeV (PM) KOS / TS7 ⁇ F SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F, and the like are preferable, and SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F is more preferable, but it is not limited thereto.
- Sendai virus vector that expresses the KLF gene (a vector that carries the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene).
- Sendai virus vector encoding KLF gene may or may not be temperature sensitive, but preferably the vector forms NTVLP at 37 ° C. Have mutations that are suppressed. NTVLP formation can be measured according to the literature Inoue et al., J. Virol. 77: 3238-3246, 2003.
- Preferred vectors include, for example, the G protein with G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations in the M protein, the A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, the L511F mutation in the P protein, and the F gene having the N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- a deletion-type Sendai virus vector can be mentioned.
- a Sendai virus vector carrying the KLF gene but not the OCT gene or SOX gene can express the carried gene (KLF gene) at 37 ° C.
- As the vector a vector having higher expression efficiency of the loaded gene at 37 ° C. than the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in one vector in this order is used.
- the temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector containing the above KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in one vector in this order (high resistance even at 37 ° C., and the expression level of the loaded gene is low). (Relatively high) is preferable.
- the KLF gene can be inserted, for example, upstream of the N gene in the Sendai virus vector (3 ′ side of the N gene on the genome), and SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F can be mentioned as a preferred vector.
- a temperature sensitive virus vector encoding the MYC gene examples include a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector encoding the MYC gene. More specifically, mutations of G69E, T116A,, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R,, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, an L511F mutation in the P protein, and an F gene deletion having the N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein It is preferably a Sendai virus vector, and further a vector having the mutation of TS ⁇ 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS ⁇ ⁇ 14, or TS 15.
- the M protein has G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations
- the HN protein has A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations
- the P protein has the L511F mutation
- the L protein has the N1197S and K1795E mutations
- the TS This is a F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector with a mutation of 15.
- the MYC gene is incorporated, for example, immediately after the HN gene, that is, immediately downstream of the HN gene (immediately 5 ′ of the minus-strand RNA genome), for example, between the HN gene and the L gene.
- SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS12 ⁇ F, SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS13 ⁇ F, SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F, and the like, particularly SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F is preferred.
- a suitable result can be obtained by combining SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F, SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F, and SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- the cytotoxicity of the vector can be measured, for example, by quantifying the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the cells. Specifically, for example, the amount of LDH released in a culture solution obtained by infecting HeLa (ATCC CCL-2) or monkey CV-1 (ATCC CCL 70) with MOI 3 and culturing for 3 days is measured. The smaller the amount of LDH released, the lower the cytotoxicity.
- the temperature sensitivity can be determined by measuring the virus growth rate or the expression level of the loaded gene at the normal temperature of the virus host (eg, 37 ° C. to 38 ° C.).
- the mutation is judged to be a temperature-sensitive mutation, and as the growth rate and / or expression level decreases, Temperature sensitivity is judged to be high.
- a virus containing a protein in the envelope that is different from the envelope protein inherent in the virus may be used.
- a virus containing this can be produced by expressing a desired foreign envelope protein in a virus-producing cell during virus production.
- Proteins such as a desired adhesion factor, a ligand, and a receptor which provide the infectious ability to a mammalian cell, can be used.
- Specific examples include G protein (VSV-G) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV).
- VSV-G protein may be derived from any VSV strain.
- a VSV-G protein derived from a Indiana serotype strain J. Virology 39: 519-528 (1981)
- the Sendai virus vector used in the present invention can contain any combination of envelope proteins derived from other viruses.
- Recombination of recombinant Sendai virus having nuclear reprogramming factors may be performed using a known method.
- a cDNA encoding Sendai virus genomic RNA (minus strand) or its complementary strand (plus strand) is used as a viral protein (NP, P, and L) can be produced by a step of transcription in cells expressing (b), and a step of collecting a culture supernatant containing the produced virus.
- Viral proteins necessary for particle formation may be expressed from transcribed viral genomic RNA, or may be supplied to trans from other than genomic RNA.
- expression plasmids encoding NP, P, and L proteins can be introduced into cells and supplied.
- the virus gene can be separately expressed in virus-producing cells to complement particle formation.
- a vector in which DNA encoding the protein or genomic RNA is linked downstream of an appropriate promoter that functions in the host cell is introduced into the host cell.
- the transcribed genomic RNA is replicated in the presence of viral proteins to form infectious viral particles.
- the defective virus or another viral protein capable of complementing its function can be expressed in the virus-producing cell.
- Sendai virus can be produced using the following known methods (WO97 / 16539; WO97 / 16538; WO00 / 70055; WO00 / 70070; WO01 / 18223; WO03 / 025570; WO2005 / 071092 ; WO2006 / 137517; WO2007 / 083644; WO2008 / 007581; Hasan, M. K. et al., J. Gen. Virol. 78: 2813-2820, 1997, Kato, A. et al., 1997, EMBO J. 16: 578-587 and Yu, D. et al., 1997, Genes Cells 2: 457-466; Durbin, A. P.
- the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene are incorporated into Sendai virus in this order.
- Another Sendai virus incorporates the KLF gene (this vector does not incorporate the OCT and SOX genes).
- These foreign genes can generally be inserted immediately before (3 'side of the genome) or immediately after (5' side of the genome) any viral gene (NP, P, M, F, HN, or L). it can.
- KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene are in this order immediately after Sendai virus P gene, ie immediately downstream of P gene (minus strand RNA). Integrated immediately 5 'of the genome).
- a transcription initiation signal (S sequence), a transcription termination signal (E sequence), and a spacer sequence (such as an intervening sequence (I sequence)) may be included between the P gene and the KLF gene, but other transcription units ( For example, a transcription unit encoding a gene encoding a protein) is not included. Since Sendai virus has minus-strand RNA in the genome, the 3 'side of the genome is upstream and the 5' side is downstream.
- the KLF gene is located most 3 'of the three genes, and the SOX gene is located 5' most. . Since minus-strand RNA encodes genes as antisense, the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene on the genome are encoded as antisense strands rather than protein coding strands (sense strands).
- an antigenomic RNA is generated using this genome as a template. The antigenome is a plus strand, and the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are loaded with a protein-coding strand (sense strand).
- the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are arranged most 5 ′ among the three genes and the SOX gene is arranged most 3 ′ among the three genes.
- the three genes are preferably adjacent to each other (ie no other gene is between the three genes). Each gene may be appropriately sandwiched between Sendai virus S (Start) sequence and E (End) sequence.
- the S sequence is a signal sequence that initiates transcription, and transcription ends at the E sequence.
- the region sandwiched between the S and E sequences is one transcription unit.
- a sequence serving as a spacer (intervening sequence) can be appropriately inserted between the E sequence of one gene and the S sequence of the next gene.
- S - KLF gene -EIS- OCT gene -EIS- SOX gene -E S, I, and E is S sequences, respectively, I (i ntervening) sequences, and represents the E sequence
- a Sendai virus vector can be suitably used.
- the P gene and KLF gene on the Sendai virus genome are linked as follows: P gene -EIS- KLF gene-.
- S-OCT gene -EIS- SOX gene -EIS- KLF gene -E S, I, and E are the S sequence, I ( i ntervening) and a Sendai virus vector containing a nucleic acid having a constitution of E
- P gene and SOX gene on the Sendai virus genome are combined as P gene -EIS- SOX gene-.
- a desired S sequence of Sendai virus can be used.
- Arrays can be used preferably.
- 3′-UCCCAGUUUC-5 ′ SEQ ID NO: 2
- 3′-UCCCACUUAC-5 ′ SEQ ID NO: 3
- 3′-UCCCACUUUC-5 ′ SEQ ID NO: 4 are preferable.
- sequences are expressed as DNA sequences encoding positive strands, 5'-AGGGTCAAAG-3 '(SEQ ID NO: 5), 5'-AGGGTGAATG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 6), and 5'-AGGGTGAAAG-, respectively. 3 '(SEQ ID NO: 7).
- E sequence of the Sendai virus vector for example, 3′-AUUCUUUU-5 ′ ((5′-TAAGAAAAA-3 ′ in the DNA encoding a plus strand) is preferable.
- the I sequence may be, for example, any three bases, and specifically, 3′-GAA-5 ′ (5′-CTT-3 ′ in plus strand DNA) may be used.
- the wild-type Sendai virus genome follows the 3 'short leader region, followed by the nucleocapsid (NP) gene, phospho (P) gene, matrix (M) gene, fusion (F) gene, hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene, And the large (L) gene and the short 5 'trailer region in this order.
- viral genes can be arranged in this order. Production of recombinant vectors corresponding to wild-type viruses and various mutant vectors is already known. Furthermore, it has been shown that gene transfer is possible with only RNP excluding the envelope (WO00 / 70055). Therefore, reprogramming can be performed using Sendai virus RNP as a viral vector.
- Sendai virus can function as a vector with the NP gene, P gene, and L gene, and can replicate the genome in cells and express the foreign genes (KLF, OCT, SOX, etc.) .
- Sendai virus containing three genes, NP gene, P gene, and L gene, as a viral gene a set of KLF, OCT, and SOX genes is inserted, for example, between P gene and L gene.
- a set of KLF, OCT, and SOX genes is inserted, for example, between the P gene and the M gene (WO97 / 16539).
- Sendai virus vector contains the F gene
- a set of KLF, OCT, and SOX genes is inserted between the P gene and the F gene (WO00 / 70070).
- M and F gene deletion type it is inserted between P gene and HN gene
- F, M and HN gene deletion type it is inserted between P gene and L gene (WO2003 / 025570, WO2006 / 137517) ).
- a vector lacking a viral gene is preferred because of its high safety.
- a vector lacking at least the F gene can be preferably used.
- the KLF gene is inserted, for example, upstream of the NP gene (between the 3 ′ leader sequence and the NP gene).
- the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF, OCT and SOX genes and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and SOX gene can be used for gene transfer in reprogramming as appropriate using only them. More preferably, it is used in reprogramming to further introduce the MYC gene. Instead of the MYC gene, a vector expressing the Glis1 gene (Maekawaeet al.,. Nature, 474: 225-229,2292011) may be combined. The MYC gene or Glis1 gene can be inserted into the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF, OCT and SOX genes or the Sendai virus vector not containing the OCT gene and SOX gene. It may be inserted and used.
- a desired vector such as a plasmid, a viral vector, or a non-viral vector (for example, a liposome) can be used.
- viral vectors include adenovirus vectors and retrovirus vectors, but are not limited thereto.
- the MYC gene or Glis1 gene is inserted into the Sendai virus vector.
- the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF, OCT and SOX genes, and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene are different Sendai viruses into which the MYC gene or Glis1 gene is inserted. More preferably, it is used in combination with a vector.
- the Sendai virus vector described above can be used as a Sendai virus vector from which the MYC gene or Glis1 gene is inserted.
- a desired site can be selected as the insertion position of the gene in the vector.
- the MYC gene or the Glis1 gene is located behind (5 ′ side) of the minus-strand RNA genome, for example, 5 ′ end from the center of the minus-strand RNA virus genome (5 ′ end from the middle gene in the order), that is, In a plurality of protein coding sequences arranged on the genome, it is preferable to arrange them at a position earlier counted from the 5 ′ side than from the 3 ′ side (see Examples).
- the MYC gene or the Glis1 gene can be arranged, for example, on the most 5 ′ side (that is, the first from the 5 ′ side), or the second or third from the 5 ′ side.
- the MYC gene or the Glis1 gene is, for example, the second from the 5 ′ side of the genome, specifically, the L gene at the most 5 ′ side of the genome, and then the HN gene, followed by the HN gene and the L gene. It may be arranged between (HN-L).
- the MYC gene or Glis1 gene is located immediately upstream of the L gene on the Sendai virus genome (3 ', eg, between the HN gene and the L gene), or immediately downstream (eg, between the L gene and the 5' trailer sequence). ).
- a Sendai virus vector in which the MYC gene is inserted between the HN gene and the L gene is most preferred.
- Sendai virus vectors include, for example, G69E, T116A, and A183S mutations in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, the L511F mutation in the P protein, and the N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- An F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector (for example, Z strain) may be used, and a vector in which a mutation of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, or TS 15 is further introduced into this vector is more preferable.
- the MYC gene can induce pluripotent stem cells not only in wild-type c-MYC but also in T58A mutant, N-MYC, and L-MYC (WO2007 / 69666; Blelloch R. et al., Cell Stem Cell, 1 : 245-247, 2007).
- the MYC gene can be substituted with a continuous A or T base sequence by appropriately introducing a silent mutation so as not to change the encoded amino acid sequence.
- wild-type c-MYC was found to have less expression from RNA virus vectors such as Sendai virus vectors.
- RNA virus vectors such as Sendai virus vectors.
- by introducing one or more, preferably 2, or more, 3 or more, 4 or more, or all 5 mutations selected from a378g, t1122c, t1125c, a1191g, and a1194g into wild-type c-MYC Therefore, it is possible to stably and highly express the gene.
- the modified c-MYC gene (referred to as “c-rMYC”) shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 (the amino acid sequence is SEQ ID NO: 9) can be preferably used.
- SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS ⁇ F SeV (L) c-rMYC / TS ⁇ F
- SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F (WO2010 / 008054; Fusaki et al., Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. Vol. 85, p348-362 (2009))
- SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F is particularly preferred, but is not limited thereto.
- Sendai virus vector containing the KLF, OCT and SOX genes Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene, and / or Sendai virus vector containing the MYC gene are appropriately reprogrammed for cells.
- the gene to be mounted may be a desired gene involved in induction of various stem cells such as pluripotent stem cells from differentiated cells. For example, a gene that increases the efficiency of reprogramming can be mounted.
- the present invention provides the use of the Sendai virus vector of the present invention for introducing a gene in cell reprogramming, and for expressing a reprogramming factor in the cell and inducing the reprogramming of the cell. .
- the present invention also provides an agent (introduction agent, gene introduction agent) for introducing a gene in cell reprogramming and an agent for expressing a reprogramming factor in the cell, comprising the Sendai virus vector of the present invention.
- the present invention also relates to an agent for expressing a reprogramming factor in a cell and inducing reprogramming of the cell, comprising the Sendai virus vector of the present invention.
- the vector of the present invention is also useful for further expressing a desired gene in the cell when performing nuclear reprogramming of the cell.
- the Sendai virus vector of the present invention can be used for cell reprogramming according to the present invention.
- the induction of reprogramming may specifically be induction of pluripotent stem cells.
- the present invention can be used for medical and non-medical applications and is useful in medical and non-medical embodiments.
- the present invention can be used for therapeutic, surgical, and / or diagnostic, or non-therapeutic, non-surgical, and / or non-diagnostic purposes.
- a nuclear reprogramming factor is a gene used to induce a differentiation state of a cell to a more undifferentiated state, or a product thereof, alone or in combination with a plurality of factors.
- a gene or product thereof used to induce dedifferentiation of differentiated cells includes a factor essential for nuclear reprogramming and an auxiliary factor (cofactor) that increases the efficiency of nuclear reprogramming.
- a desired gene for use in nuclear reprogramming may be mounted on a vector. For example, a gene for use in the production of pluripotent stem cells can be further loaded.
- nuclear reprogramming factors for inducing pluripotent stem cells are expressed in, for example, ES cells and early embryos, but not expressed in many differentiated somatic cells or expressed.
- Eg, ES cell-specific gene can be used.
- Such a gene is preferably a gene encoding a transcription factor, a nuclear protein or the like.
- Methods for identifying nuclear reprogramming genes are already known (WO2005 / 80598). In fact, genes identified using this method are useful for reprogramming into pluripotent stem cells Is shown (WO2007 / 69666).
- genes include DPPA5 (developmental pluripotency associated 5, ES cell specific gene 1 (ESG1); accession numbers NM_001025290, NM_025274, XM_236761), F-box protein 15 (Fbx15, NM_152676, NM_798 NM_024865, AB093574), ECAT1 (ES cell associated transcript 1; AB211062, AB211060), ERAS (ES cell expressed Ras; NM_181532, NM_181548), DNMT3L (DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3-like; NM_013369, NM_194348, ECAT8 (AB211063, AB211061), GDF3 (growth differentiation factor 3; NM_020634, NM_008108), SOX15 (SRY (sex determining region Y) -box 15; NM_006942, NM_009235), DPPA4 (developmental pl4 (NM_)-
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF, OCT and SOX genes Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene and not containing OCT gene and SOX gene, and / or Sendai virus vector containing MYC gene, Genes not loaded on the vector can be further loaded, or other vectors carrying those genes can be used in combination.
- Each of these genes may be incorporated into another vector, or a plurality of genes may be integrated into one vector.
- each gene may be incorporated into one type of vector, or different types of vectors (including chromosomally integrated viral vectors and / or non-viral vectors) may be combined with the above-mentioned book containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene. It may be used in combination with the Sendai virus vector of the invention and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene. Individual virus vectors are packaged separately and can be used in combination at the time of use. Alternatively, a plurality of viral vectors having different genes to be mounted may be combined in advance as a kit or mixed to form a composition.
- One or more non-integrating viral vectors containing any combination (or all) of these genes, and kits or compositions further comprising the vectors also reprogram cells, particularly pluripotent stem cells It can use suitably in manufacture of this.
- the vector may be appropriately combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or vehicle, for example, mixed in sterilized water, pH buffer solution, physiological saline, culture solution, etc. Good.
- a part or most of the nuclear reprogramming gene can be replaced with a protein that is an expression product thereof.
- composition and kit of the present invention include the Sendai virus vector containing at least the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene, and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and the SOX gene,
- Other vectors chromosomally integrated viral vectors and / or non-viral vectors
- All of the factors necessary for reprogramming are preferably expressed from the Sendai virus vector, but only a part is expressed from the Sendai virus vector, and the others are expressed by other vectors and / or compounds (for example, proteins and low molecular weight compounds). You may supply by.
- the method for producing a reprogrammed cell of the present invention is not limited to a method in which all gene transfer is performed using a Sendai virus vector. That is, the method of the present invention may use the Sendai virus vector containing at least the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene, and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and the SOX gene. This includes using in combination with other vectors to be expressed (chromosomally integrated viral vectors and / or non-viral vectors) and / or compounds that induce reprogramming.
- the Sendai virus vector containing the MYC gene or Glis1 gene is further used in combination.
- the present invention also provides the following inventions.
- the method according to [1] wherein the vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order is a temperature sensitive virus vector.
- the temperature sensitive virus vector is a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- Temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vectors are TS 7 (L protein Y942H, L1361C, and L1558I mutations), TS 12 (P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A mutations, TS 13 (P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A mutation and L protein L1558I mutation, TS 14 (P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A mutation and L protein L1361C mutation), and TS 15 (P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A mutation and L protein L1361C and The method according to [3], which is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of (L1558I mutation).
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein.
- the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are incorporated immediately after the Sendai virus P gene in this order (5 ′ side of the P gene in the minus-strand RNA genome) [3] to [5] The method in any one of. [7] The method according to [3], wherein the temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector is selected from the group consisting of SeV (PM) KOS / TS7 ⁇ F and SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F. [8] The method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is a Sendai virus vector.
- Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is a Sendai virus vector having a mutation that suppresses NTVLP formation at 37 ° C.
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in HN protein, and P protein
- the method according to [8] which is an F gene-deleted Sendai virus vector containing the L511F mutation and the N protein containing the N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene has been inserted is an F gene deletion-type Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15. The method according to [15].
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, a mutation of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, a L511F mutation in the P protein, and
- the L protein contains N1197S and K1795E mutations, and further includes a TS 15 mutation (mutations of P protein D433A, R434A and K437A, and L protein L1361C and L1558I mutations).
- the present invention also provides the following inventions.
- Induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells in the method (including the method of production) for introducing pluripotent stem cells by introducing a vector containing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in this order in one vector Use of a vector containing a KLF gene and not an OCT gene and a SOX gene in the manufacture of a drug for improvement (including improvement of production efficiency).
- the use according to [1], wherein the vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order is a temperature sensitive virus vector.
- the temperature sensitive virus vector is a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15; Use of description.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein.
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in HN protein, and P protein
- the use according to [8], wherein the L511F mutation is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing the N1197S and K1795E mutations in the L protein.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene has been inserted is an F gene deletion-type Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15. The use according to [15].
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, a mutation of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, a L511F mutation in the P protein, and
- the L protein contains N1197S and K1795E mutations, and further includes a TS 15 mutation (mutations of P protein D433A, R434A and K437A, and L protein L1361C and L1558I mutations). Use as described in [16].
- a pluripotency including (a) a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order in one vector, and (b) a vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene.
- Compositions and kits for inducing stem cells including manufacturing).
- the temperature-sensitive virus vector is a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15; The composition and kit described.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein.
- composition and kit according to [4] which is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation and further comprising a TS 12 mutation (mutation of P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A).
- the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are incorporated immediately after the Sendai virus P gene in this order (5 ′ side of the P gene in the minus-strand RNA genome) [3] to [5]
- the temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector is selected from the group consisting of SeV (PM) KOS / TS7 ⁇ F and SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F.
- the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is a Sendai virus vector having a mutation that inhibits NTVLP formation at 37 ° C.
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in HN protein, and P protein
- the composition and kit according to [8] which is an F gene-deleted Sendai virus vector containing the L511F mutation and the L protein containing the N1197S and K1795E mutations.
- composition and kit according to [8], wherein the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- the composition and kit according to [13], wherein the vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a Sendai virus vector.
- the Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene has been inserted is an F gene deletion-type Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, a mutation of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, a L511F mutation in the P protein, and
- the L protein contains N1197S and K1795E mutations, and further includes a TS 15 mutation (mutations of P protein D433A, R434A and K437A, and L protein L1361C and L1558I mutations).
- the composition and kit according to [14], wherein the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F.
- a pluripotency including (a) a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order in one vector, and (b) a vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene.
- Compositions and kits for improving stem cell induction efficiency including improvement of production efficiency).
- the composition and kit according to [1] wherein the vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order is a temperature sensitive virus vector.
- the temperature-sensitive virus vector is a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15; The composition and kit described.
- the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, A262T, G264R, and K461G mutations in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein.
- composition and kit according to [4] which is an F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation and further comprising a TS 12 mutation (mutation of P protein D433A, R434A, and K437A).
- the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are incorporated immediately after the Sendai virus P gene in this order (5 ′ side of the P gene in the minus-strand RNA genome) [3] to [5]
- the temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector is selected from the group consisting of SeV (PM) KOS / TS7 ⁇ F and SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F.
- the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is a Sendai virus vector having a mutation that inhibits NTVLP formation at 37 ° C.
- Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene has mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in HN protein, and P protein
- the composition and kit according to [8] which is an F gene-deleted Sendai virus vector containing the L511F mutation and the L protein containing the N1197S and K1795E mutations.
- composition and kit according to [8], wherein the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not containing the OCT gene and the SOX gene is SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- the composition and kit according to [13], wherein the vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a Sendai virus vector.
- the Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a temperature sensitive Sendai virus vector.
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene has been inserted is a F gene-deficient Sendai virus vector containing a mutation selected from the group consisting of TS 7, TS 12, TS 13, TS 14, and TS 15 [15] The composition and kit according to [15].
- a temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is a mutation of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, a mutation of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, a L511F mutation in the P protein, and
- the L protein contains N1197S and K1795E mutations, and further includes a TS 15 mutation (mutations of P protein D433A, R434A and K437A, and L protein L1361C and L1558I mutations).
- the composition and kit according to [14], wherein the temperature-sensitive Sendai virus vector into which the MYC gene is inserted is SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F.
- a vector (preferably SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F) in which the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are inserted in this order into one Sendai virus vector is contained in the OCT containing the KLF4 gene. It is preferably used in combination with a Sendai virus vector (preferably SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F) that does not contain the gene and SOX gene.
- a Sendai virus vector that expresses the MYC gene preferably SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F It is more preferable to further combine).
- KLF gene may be appropriately selected in accordance with the origin of the cell to be reprogrammed. It may be derived from primates such as rats, rabbits, pigs and monkeys. Further, the gene and protein sequences do not necessarily have to be wild-type sequences, and may have mutations as long as reprogramming can be induced. Examples of producing pluripotent stem cells using mutant genes are already known (WO2007 / 69666). For example, 1 or a small number (for example, several, within 3, within 5, within 10, within 15, within 20, within 25) added, deleted, substituted, and / or inserted.
- a gene encoding an amino acid sequence and capable of inducing reprogramming can be used in the present invention.
- biological activity for example, 1 to several residues (for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15 or 20 at the N-terminus and / or C-terminus)
- Variants that can be used include, for example, fragments of natural proteins, analogs, derivatives, and fusion proteins with other polypeptides (eg, those added with heterologous signal peptides or antibody fragments).
- the wild-type amino acid sequence includes a sequence in which one or more amino acids of the wild-type amino acid sequence are substituted, deleted, and / or added, and has a biological activity equivalent to that of the wild-type protein (eg, activity that induces reprogramming). ).
- a wild-type protein fragment is usually 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, 95% of the wild-type polypeptide (in the case of a secreted protein, the mature form). % Or more than 98% continuous area.
- Amino acid sequence variants can be prepared, for example, by introducing mutations into DNA encoding a natural polypeptide (Walker and Gaastra, eds. Techniques in Molecular Biology (MacMillan Publishing Company, New York, 1983); Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 488-492, 1985; Kunkel et al., Methods Enzymol. 154: 367-382, 1987; Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Press, Plainview, NY), 1989; US Pat. No., 4,873,192).
- Guidance for substitution of amino acids so as not to affect biological activity includes, for example, Dayhoff et al. (Dayhoffhet al.,. In Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure (Natl.NaBiomed. Res. Found., Washington, ingtonDC ), 1978).
- the number of amino acids to be modified is not particularly limited, but for example, within 30%, preferably within 25%, more preferably within 20%, more preferably within 15%, more preferably within the total amino acids of a natural mature polypeptide. It is within 10%, within 5%, or within 3%, for example, within 15 amino acids, preferably within 10 amino acids, more preferably within 8 amino acids, more preferably within 5 amino acids, more preferably within 3 amino acids.
- substituting an amino acid it can be expected to maintain the activity of the protein by substituting an amino acid having a similar side chain property. Such substitution is referred to as conservative substitution in the present invention.
- Conservative substitutions include, for example, basic amino acids (eg, lysine, arginine, histidine), acidic amino acids (eg, aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar amino acids (eg, glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine), non- Each of polar amino acids (eg alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), ⁇ -branched amino acids (eg threonine, valine, isoleucine), and aromatic amino acids (eg tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine) Examples include substitution between amino acids in the group.
- basic amino acids eg, lysine, arginine, histidine
- acidic amino acids eg, aspartic acid, glutamic acid
- uncharged polar amino acids
- the modified protein shows high homology with the amino acid sequence of the wild type protein.
- High homology is, for example, an amino acid sequence having 70% or more, 75% or more, 80% or more, 85% or more, 90% or more, 93% or more, 95% or more, or 96% or more identity.
- Amino acid sequence identity can be determined, for example, using the BLASTP program (Altschul, S. F. et al., J. Mol. Biol. 215: 403-410, 1990). For example, on the BLAST web page of NCBI (National Center ch Biothchnology Information), search can be performed using default parameters (Altschul SF et al., Nature Genet.
- Gaps are treated in the same way as mismatches, and for example, the identity value for the entire amino acid sequence of a natural cytokine (the mature form after secretion) is calculated. Specifically, the ratio of the number of matching amino acids in the total number of amino acids of wild type protein cocoon (or mature type in the case of a secreted protein) cocoon is calculated.
- silent mutations can be introduced into genes so as not to change the encoded amino acid sequence.
- AT rich genes by replacing 5 or more consecutive A or T bases with G or C so as not to change the encoded amino acid sequence, stable high gene expression can be obtained. Can do.
- the modified protein or the protein used for reprogramming is a protein encoded by a nucleic acid that hybridizes under stringent conditions with part or all of the coding region of the gene encoding the wild type protein, and is equivalent to the wild type protein.
- examples thereof include proteins having activity (activity for inducing reprogramming).
- a probe is prepared from either a nucleic acid containing a sequence of the coding region of a wild-type protein gene or a complementary sequence thereof, or a nucleic acid to be hybridized, and whether it hybridizes to the other nucleic acid. Can be identified by detecting.
- Stringent hybridization conditions include, for example, 5xSSC, 7% (W / V) SDS, 100 ⁇ g / ml denatured salmon sperm DNA, 5x Denhardt's solution (1x Denhardt solution is 0.2% polyvinylpyrrolidone, 0.2% bovine serum albumin, and In a solution containing 0.2% Ficoll) at 60 ° C., preferably 65 ° C., more preferably 68 ° C., followed by 2 ⁇ SSC, preferably 1 ⁇ SSC, more preferably 0.5 ⁇ SSC at the same temperature as the hybridization. The condition is that the washing is performed in 0.1 ⁇ SSC for 2 hours while shaking.
- genes that are particularly preferred for inducing cell reprogramming are F-box protein 15 (Fbx15, NM_152676, NM_015798), Nanog (NM_024865, AB093574), ERAS (ES cell expressed Ras; NM_181532, NM_181548 ), DPPA2 (NM_138815, NM_028615), OCT3 / 4 (also called POU5F1; NM_002701, NM_203289, NM_013633, NM_001009178), SOX2 (NM_003106, NM_011443, XM_574919), TCL1A (T-cell NM 0 KLF4 (Kruppel-like factor 4; NM_004235, NM_010637), catenin ⁇ 1 (cadherin-associated protein beta 1; NM_001904, NM_007614; S33Y mutant included), c-MYC (NM_002467, NM_0
- Sendai virus vector that further carries any of the above or a combination thereof, and other genes other than the OCT gene and SOX gene in addition to the KLF gene
- Sendai virus vector of the present invention that carries the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene and the vector that contains the KLF gene and does not contain the OCT gene and the SOX gene
- Further use of Sendai virus vectors carrying these combinations and combinations of those vectors is useful for use in the induction of cell reprogramming in the present invention, and is particularly suitable for use in the induction of pluripotent stem cells. Can do. Individual viral vectors can be used in combination at the time of use.
- kits or compositions comprising those vectors are also included in the present invention.
- the vector of the present invention expressing the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene and the vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene are particularly preferably combined with a vector expressing the MYC gene and / or Glis1 gene ( Takahashi, K. and Yamanaka S., Cell 126, 663-676, 2006; Lowry WE et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 105 (8): 2883-8, 2008; -8Masaki, H. et al. , Stem Cell Res. 1: 105-115, 2008; Maekawa et al., Nature, 474: 225-229, 2011; WO 2007/69666).
- the SOX protein, KLF protein, MYC protein, and OCT protein and their genes refer to member proteins and genes belonging to the SOX family, KLF family, MYC family, and OCT family, respectively. It has been reported that pluripotent stem cells can be induced from various differentiated cells by adjusting one or more members of these four families to express each. For example, with regard to the SOX family of genes, it has been reported that pluripotent stem cells can be induced using any of the SOX1, SOX2, SOX3, SOX15, and SOX17 genes (WO2007 / 69666). As for the KLF family, pluripotent stem cells could be induced by either KLF4 or KLF2 (WO2007 / 69666).
- pluripotent stem cells could be induced not only by wild-type c-MYC but also by T58A mutant, N-MYC, and L-MYC (WO2007 / 69666; Blelloch R. et al. , 1: 245-247, 2007).
- T58A mutant N-MYC
- L-MYC L-MYC
- the KLF family includes KLF1 (NM_006563, NM_010635), KLF2 (NM_016270, NM_008452), KLF4 (NM_004235, NM_010637), KLF5 (NM_001730, NM_009769), and the MYC family includes c-MYC ( NM_002467, NM_010849, T58A mutants included), N-MYC (NM_005378, NM_008709), L-MYC (NM_005376, NM_005806) are included, and OCT1A (NM_002697, NM_198934), OCT3 / 4 (NM_002701, NM_203289, NM_013633, NM_001009178), OCT6 (NM_002699, NM_011141), and SOX families include SOX1 (NM_005986, NM_009233), SOX2 (NM_003106, NM-00
- a Sendai virus vector carrying any one of these genes according to the order of the present invention is useful for use in the induction of cell dedifferentiation in the present invention, and can be particularly suitably used for the induction of pluripotent stem cells.
- Most preferred as the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene are the OCT3 / 4 gene, the SOX2 gene, and the KLF4 gene, respectively.
- MYC family genes are not essential for the induction of pluripotent stem cells, and pluripotent stem cells can be induced with only three family genes except for the MYC family genes (Nakagawa M. et al., Nat Biotechnol. 26 ( 1): 101-6, 2008; Wering M. et al., Cell Stem Cell 2 (1): 10-2, 2008).
- MYC gene is not expressed, for example, p53 ⁇ siRNA and UTF1 can significantly increase the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells (Y. Zhao et al., Cell Stem Cell, 3 (5): 475-479, 2008 ; N. Maherali, and K. Hochedlinger, erCell Stem Cell, 3 (6): 595-605, 2008).
- pluripotent stem cells can be induced only by genes of three families excluding genes of KLF family (Park IH et al., Nature, 451 (7175): 141-6, 2008). Moreover, by using together with a G9a histone methyltransferase inhibitor (BIX-01294; Kubicek, S. et al., Mol. Cell 25, 473-481, 2007), KLF gene, SOX gene, and fetal-derived NPC, and It has been reported that pluripotent stem cells can be induced with only three genes of MYC gene (Shi Y et al., Cell Stem Cell, 2 (6): 525-8, 2008).
- BIX-01294 G9a histone methyltransferase inhibitor
- Viral vectors encoding each gene may be prepared separately as a single unit. They can be used in combination at the time of use. Arbitrary combinations or all may be combined into a kit or mixed to form a composition.
- the present invention also includes a Sendai virus vector of the present invention carrying the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene, and a Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and SOX gene, It also relates to a kit or composition comprising any combination (or all) of compounds.
- the gene may be appropriately loaded on a recombinant vector. Furthermore, some of the recombinant vectors included in this kit can be replaced with proteins having a considerable function, synthetic compounds, and the like.
- genes include TERT (NM_198253, NM_009354) and / or SV40 large T antigen (NC_001669.1, Fiers, W. (05-11-1978) Nature 273: (5658) 113-120) ( Park IH. Et al., Nature, 451 (7175): 141-6, 2008).
- TERT NM_198253, NM_009354
- One or more genes selected from the group consisting of HPV16 E6, HPV16 E7, and Bmil NM_005180, NM_007552
- Fbx15 Mol Cell Biol.
- ECAT1 (AB211062, AB211060), DPPA5 (NM_001025290, NM_025274, XM_236761), DNMT3L (NM_013369, NM_019448), ECAT8 (AB211063, AB211061), GDF3 (NM_020634, NM_008108) _0 NM_028610), FTHL17 (NM_031894, NM_031261), SALL4 (NM_020436, NM_175303), Rex-1 (NM_174900, NM_009556), Utf1 (NM_003577, NM_009482), DPPA3 (NM_199286, NM_139218, STAT3, One or more genes selected from the group consisting of GRB2 (NM_002086, NM_008163) may be combined.
- NM_024865, AB093574 NM_024865, AB093574
- NM_024674 LIN28 gene
- a combination of these with the MYC gene is also suitable (Liao J et al., Cell Res. 18 (5): 600-3, 2008). By additionally expressing these genes, induction of pluripotent stem cells can be promoted (WO2007 / 69666).
- the myeloid transcription factor C / EBP ⁇ (CCAAT / enhancer-binding-protein ⁇ ) (NM_004364) is expressed ectopically, or the B cell transcription factor Pax5 (paired box 5) ; (NM_016734) can be suppressed to promote reprogramming (Hanna J, Cell. 133 (2): 250-64, 2008).
- these factors can also be expressed using the Sendai virus vector in the present invention.
- some of the recombinant vectors included in this kit can be replaced with proteins having a considerable function, synthetic compounds, and the like.
- the efficiency of reprogramming can be improved by combining, for example, addition of a compound.
- bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor
- SCF stem cell factor
- PD98056 A MAP kinase inhibitor is also useful for establishing pluripotent stem cells closer to ES cells (WO2007 / 69666).
- a DNA methylase (Dnmt) inhibitor and / or a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor improves the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells (Huangfu D et al., Nat Biotechnol. (Published online: 22 June 2008, doi: 10.1038 / nbt1418); Nat. Biotechnol. 26, 795-797 (2008)).
- HDAC histone deacetylase
- pluripotent stem cells can be induced by introduction of only two genes, OCT4 and SOX2 (Huangfu, D. et al., Nat Biotechnol. 2008 26 (11) : 1269-75).
- the vector of the present invention is useful as an agent for use in combination with administration of these compounds.
- Dnmt inhibitor for example, 5-azacytidine and the like
- HDAC inhibitor for example, suberolanilide hydrozamic acid (SAHA), trichostatin A (TSA), valproic acid (VPA) and the like are useful.
- SAHA suberolanilide hydrozamic acid
- TSA trichostatin A
- VPA valproic acid
- the efficiency can be increased by using glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) in combination.
- Sendai virus vector of the present invention containing KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene in this order, Sendai virus vector containing KLF gene but not OCT gene and SOX gene, 2) A combination of the vector of (1) and a Sendai virus vector that expresses the MYC gene or Glis1 gene. (3) The Sendai virus vector that further expresses the NANOG gene in (1) and / or (2), and LIN28.
- a combination comprising a Sendai virus vector, or a vector carrying the vector according to any one of (4) (1) to (4) and the above-mentioned other desired reprogramming factors and / or a desire to induce reprogramming Combinations with these compounds can be introduced into cells.
- the introduction is preferably carried out simultaneously. Specifically, within 48 hours, preferably within 36 hours, more preferably after the first vector or compound is added. All vectors and / or encoding reprogramming factors within 24 hours, 18 hours, 12 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours, 3 hours, 2 hours, or 1 hour It is preferred to complete the addition of the compound.
- the dose of the vector can be appropriately adjusted.
- the MOI is 0.1 or more, preferably 0.3 or more, 0.5 or more, 1 or more, 2 or more, 3 or more, 4 or more, or 5 or more, and 100 or less, preferably 90.
- the infection is carried out with, for example, MOI of 0.3 to 100, more preferably MOI of 0.5 to 50, more preferably MOI of 1 to 40, more preferably MOI of 1 to 30, more preferably MOI of 2 to 30, such as MOI of 3 to 30.
- the induced pluripotent stem cells form a flat colony similar to ES cells and express alkaline phosphatase.
- the induced pluripotent stem cells may express undifferentiated cell markers such as Nanog, OCT4, and / or SOX2.
- the induced pluripotent stem cells preferably express TERT and / or exhibit telomerase activity.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a cell that expresses alkaline phosphatase, and preferably further expresses Nanog and / or TERT, which are undifferentiated cell markers, and the above Sendai virus in the production of the cell and a drug that induces the cell It also relates to the use of vectors.
- pluripotent stem cells can be prepared from desired cells including adult skin cells and neonatal foreskin cells.
- pluripotent stem cell colonies are obtained from at least certain types of cells (eg, adult skin cells and / or neonatal foreskin cells), eg, 0.03 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 or more, 0.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 or more, 0.3 ⁇ Appearance rate of 10 -5 or more, 0.5 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 0.8 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, or 1 ⁇ 10 -5 or more (for example, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ), preferably 1.5 ⁇ 10 -5 above, 1.7 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 2.0 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 2.5 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 3 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 4 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 5 ⁇ 10 -5 or more, 8 ⁇ 10 - 5 or more, 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 or more, 2 ⁇ 10
- At least 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 (0.01%), preferably at least 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 1 ⁇ 10 2 -1 , 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 , 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 , 4 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 , or 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 1 can induce pluripotent stem cells, and at least 1 from human peripheral blood monocytes ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 (0.001%), preferably at least 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , 8 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 , 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 , 4 ⁇ it can induce pluripotent stem cells 10-2 or 5 ⁇ 10 -2 efficiency.
- the MOI may be appropriately set as described above, for example, 5, 10, or 30.
- the appearance efficiency of colonies of pluripotent stem cells by the vector of the present invention containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order and the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene but not the OCT gene and the SOX gene is the KLF gene
- the Sendai virus vector of the present invention that expresses the OCT gene and the SOX gene is used, but at least 1.2 times or more for a certain cell as compared with the case where the Sendai virus vector containing the KLF gene and not the OCT gene and the SOX gene is not used.
- the method of the present invention is superior to the conventional method in that the introduction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells when cultured at 37 ° C. after introduction of the vector is significantly high, and that the vector is rapidly dropped after induction of pluripotent stem cells. Compared to the remarkable effect.
- somatic cells there are no particular limitations on the differentiated cells that are the targets for inducing reprogramming, and desired somatic cells can be used. It has been shown that the generation of pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells is possible not only from cells derived from mouse embryos but also from differentiated cells collected from the tail of adult mice, hepatocytes and gastric mucosa cells It is suggested that it does not depend on cell type or differentiation state (WO2007 / 069666; Aoi T. et al., Science [Published Online February 14, 2008]; Science. 2008; 321 (5889): 699-702) .
- pluripotent stem cells are not dependent on the underlying cells.
- the method of the present invention can be applied.
- differentiated cells to be reprogrammed include fibroblasts, synovial cells, mucosal cells such as the oral cavity or stomach, hepatocytes, bone marrow cells, tooth germ cells, blood cells (for example, lymphocytes, White blood cells) and other desired cells.
- the blood cell may be a peripheral blood cell.
- fibroblasts are also preferred.
- the cells may also be derived, for example, from embryonic, fetal, neonatal, child, adult or elderly cells.
- the origin of the animal is not particularly limited, and includes humans and non-human primates (such as monkeys), rodents such as mice and rats, and mammals including non-rodents such as cows, pigs and goats, etc. It is.
- cells from which the vector has been removed can be selected as appropriate.
- a cell from which the vector has been naturally removed may be selected.
- negative selection can be performed with an antibody specific to a viral vector (for example, an anti-HN antibody).
- a temperature sensitive vector When a temperature sensitive vector is used, it is cultured at a normal temperature (eg, about 37 ° C., specifically 36.5-37.5 ° C., preferably 36.6-37.4 ° C., more preferably 36.7 ° C.-37.3 ° C.), or The vector can be easily removed by culturing at a slightly high temperature (for example, 37.5 to 39 ° C, preferably 38 to 39 ° C, or 38.5 to 39 ° C).
- a slightly high temperature for example, 37.5 to 39 ° C, preferably 38 to 39 ° C, or 38.5 to 39 ° C.
- PM SeV
- Preferred vectors include, but are not limited to, combining SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F and SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- the MYC gene can be introduced using SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS12 ⁇ F, SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS13 ⁇ F, SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F, or the like.
- the combination of SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F, SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F, and SeV (HNL) c-rMYC / TS15 ⁇ F is particularly preferable.
- the fact that the MYC gene is not loaded on the Sendai virus vector carrying the KLF gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene has the advantage that reprogramming can be performed without using the MYC gene related to canceration.
- the gene, OCT gene, and SOX gene, c-MYC, L-MYC, or Glis1 can be freely selected and used as the fourth factor.
- the cells produced by the method of the present invention are useful for differentiating into various tissues and cells, and can be used in desired tests, research, diagnosis, examinations, treatments, and the like.
- induced stem cells are expected to be used in stem cell therapy.
- reprogramming is induced using somatic cells collected from a patient, and then somatic stem cells and other somatic cells obtained by inducing differentiation can be transplanted into the patient.
- the method of inducing cell differentiation is not particularly limited, and differentiation can be induced by, for example, retinoic acid treatment, various growth factor / cytokine treatments, and hormone treatments.
- the obtained cells can be used to detect the effect of a desired drug or compound, and through this, screening of the drug or compound can be performed.
- Example 1 Construction of pSeV (PM) / TS ⁇ F A method for preparing Sendai virus vector pSeV (PM) / TS ⁇ F used in this example is shown below.
- (PM) represents insertion of a reprogramming gene between the P gene and the M gene
- (HNL) represents a reprogramming gene between the HN gene and the L gene. Is inserted.
- TS refers to mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and K1795E in the L protein. It represents having a mutation, and “ ⁇ F” represents that the F gene is deleted.
- SeV (PM) / TS ⁇ F refers to mutations of G69E, T116A, and A183S in the M protein, mutations of A262T, G264R, and K461G in the HN protein, L511F mutation in the P protein, and N1197S and L in the L protein.
- F gene deletion type Sendai virus vector (Z strain) having K1795E mutation.
- This vector has a transgene insertion site (NotI site) immediately below the P gene (between the P gene and the M gene).
- NotI site transgene insertion site immediately below the P gene (between the P gene and the M gene).
- PMNOTI-F 5'- GAAATTTCACCTAAGCGGCCGCAATGGCAGATATCTATAG -3 ') (SEQ ID NO: 10) and PMNOTI-R (5'-TAGCTGTAGCGTCTC) (SEQ ID NO: 11) PCR was carried out using scissors (94 ° C-3 minutes ⁇ 98 ° C-10 seconds, 55 ° C-15 seconds, 72 ° C-12 minutes, 25 cycles ⁇ 72 ° C-7 minutes). After approximately 11 kb of PCR product obtained was treated with Dpn I, 20 ⁇ l of this reaction solution was transformed with E. coli DH5 ⁇ (ToYoBooCode No.
- the Not I fragment containing the KLF4 gene was cloned into the Not I site of the pSeV18 + / TS ⁇ F vector, and a clone with the correct sequence was selected by sequencing to obtain pSeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- the Sendai virus prepared from the transcription product of the pSeV18 + / TS ⁇ F vector is referred to as SeV18 + / TS ⁇ F
- the Sendai virus prepared from the transcription product of the pSeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F vector is referred to as SeV18 + KLF4 / TS ⁇ F.
- PCR products were mixed, using PrimeSter with F2001 and R3787 primers, and a cycle of 94 ° C for 3 minutes (98 ° C for 10 seconds, 55 ° C for 15 seconds, 72 ° C for 2 minutes) for 30 cycles, 72 PCR was performed at 5 ° C. for 4 minutes at 4 ° C.
- the PCR product was purified with a QIAquick PCR purification kit, digested with SalI and NotI, separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and then a band of about 1.6 kbp was cut out and purified with a QIAquick Gel Extraction kit.
- pSeV (PM) KOS / TS ⁇ F was digested with Not I, separated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, a band of about 3.6 kbp was excised, and purified by Qiaquick Gel Extraction Kit (Qiagen, catalog number 28706). Elute in 100 ⁇ l of eluate supplied with the kit.
- the Not I fragment containing the KLF4 gene, OCT3 / 4 gene, and SOX2 gene was cloned into the Not I site of the pSeV (PM) / TS12 ⁇ F vector, and the clone with the correct sequence was selected by sequencing, and pSeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F was selected. Obtained.
- the Sendai virus produced from the transcription product of this vector is referred to as SeV (PM) KOS / TS12 ⁇ F.
- NotI site of this pSeV (HNL) / TS15 ⁇ F was introduced by digesting NotI from pBS-KS-c-rMyc by NotI digestion and introducing the purified Not I fragment containing c-rMyc gene, and pSeV (HNL) c-rMyc / TS15 ⁇ F Got.
- the base sequence and amino acid sequence of c-rMyc are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 9.
- c-rMyc has the mutations a378g, t1122c, t1125c, a1191g, and a1194g.
- the Sendai virus prepared from the transcription product of this vector is referred to as SeV (HNL) c-rMyc / TS15 ⁇ F.
- Example 6 Production of induced pluripotent stem cells using Sendai virus vector carrying cell reprogramming gene 1 (iPS cells) Human neonatal foreskin-derived fibroblasts (BJ) (ATCC (www.atcc.org), CRL-2522) 5 x 10 5 (pieces) with 10% FBS (GIBCO-BRL) and penicillin (100 u / ml) streptomycin (100 ⁇ g 37 ml in DMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995), 10% FBS (Cell Culture Bioscience Cat. No.
- the above-mentioned vector-introduced cells 1.0 ⁇ detached from a mitomycin-treated feeder cell (for example, MEF) 1.25 ⁇ 10 5 (cells) prepared in a gelatin-coated 6-well plate using a 0.25% trypsin-EDTA solution 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 (pieces) were added and cultured in a CO 2 incubator.
- a mitomycin-treated feeder cell for example, MEF
- the medium was changed from 10% FBS / PS / DMEM to a medium for primate ES (ReproCell, RCHEMD001) (bFGF added to 4 ng / ml), and cultured at 37 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator .
- the medium was changed every day or once every two days.
- the medium may be a feeder cell conditioned medium.
- the activity of alkaline phosphatase, an undifferentiated marker of ES cells was stained with NBCT / BCIP (PIERCE, NBT / BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042) to observe the induction efficiency of iPS cells ( Figure 1).
- Example 7 Production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) using Sendai virus vectors carrying cell reprogramming genes 2 Human neonatal foreskin-derived fibroblasts (BJ) (ATCC (www.atcc.org), CRL-2522) 5x 10 5 (piece) in a 6-well plate with 10% FBS (GIBCO-BRL) and penicillin (100u / ml) DMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995) containing streptomycin (100 ⁇ g / ml) (Nacalai Tesque, Code 26253-84), 10% FBS (Cell Culture Bioscience Cat. No.
- conditions 1, 2, and 5 were cultured in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator.
- Conditions 3, 4 and 6 were cultured in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 35 ° C.
- the medium was changed almost daily with 10% FBS / PS / DMEM.
- 1.25 ⁇ 10 5 mitomycin-treated feeder cells (for example, MEF) prepared in a gelatin-coated 6-well plate were removed from the vector-introduced cells described above using a 0.25% trypsin-EDTA solution.
- ⁇ 10 4 (pieces) were added and cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was changed from 10% FBS / PS / DMEM to a medium for primate ES (ReproCell, RCHEMD001) (bFGF added to 4 ng / ml), and cultured at 37 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator .
- the medium was changed every day or once every two days.
- the medium may be a feeder cell conditioned medium.
- the activity of alkaline phosphatase, an undifferentiated marker of ES cells was stained with NBCT / BCIP (PIERCE, NBT / BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042) to observe the induction efficiency of iPS cells ( FIG. 3).
- conditions 1, 2, and 5 were cultured in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator.
- Conditions 3, 4 and 6 were cultured in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 35 ° C.
- the medium was changed almost daily with 10% FBS / PS / DMEM.
- 1.25 ⁇ 10 5 mitomycin-treated feeder cells (for example, MEF) prepared in a gelatin-coated 6-well plate were removed from the vector-introduced cells described above using a 0.25% trypsin-EDTA solution.
- ⁇ 10 5 (pieces) were added and cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was changed from 10% FBS / PS / DMEM to a medium for primate ES (ReproCell, RCHEMD001) (bFGF added to 4 ng / ml), and cultured at 37 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator .
- the medium was changed every day or once every two days.
- the medium may be a feeder cell conditioned medium.
- the activity of alkaline phosphatase, an undifferentiated marker of ES cells was stained with NBCT / BCIP (PIERCE, NBT / BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042) to observe the induction efficiency of iPS cells ( FIG. 5).
- iPS cells induced pluripotent stem cells
- conditions 1, 2, and 5 were cultured in a 37 ° C., 5% CO 2 incubator.
- Conditions 3, 4 and 6 were cultured in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 35 ° C.
- the medium was changed almost daily with 10% FBS / PS / DMEM.
- 1.25 ⁇ 10 5 mitomycin-treated feeder cells (for example, MEF) prepared in a gelatin-coated 6-well plate were removed from the vector-introduced cells described above using a 0.25% trypsin-EDTA solution.
- ⁇ 10 5 (pieces) were added and cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 incubator.
- the medium was changed from 10% FBS / PS / DMEM to a medium for primate ES (ReproCell, RCHEMD001) (bFGF added to 4 ng / ml), and cultured at 37 ° C in a 5% CO 2 incubator .
- the medium was changed every day or once every two days.
- the medium may be a feeder cell conditioned medium.
- the activity of alkaline phosphatase, an undifferentiated marker of ES cells was stained with NBCT / BCIP (PIERCE, NBT / BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042) to observe the induction efficiency of iPS cells ( FIG. 7).
- Example 10 Evaluation of in vivo pluripotency of induced induced pluripotent stem cells In vivo pluripotency was confirmed by teratoma formation in immunodeficient mice.
- BJ cell-derived iPS cell clone BJ-1215K # 1 and HDF cell-derived iPS cell clone HDF-1215K # 1 are inoculated subcutaneously in SCID mice, and tumor formation is confirmed after about 1 month, and specimens are collected after about 2 months After fixing with 10% formalin, it was embedded in paraffin, and the tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to confirm the differentiation of the three germ layers (FIG. 9).
- Example 12 Induction of iPS cells from mouse fibroblasts Fibroblasts derived from 129 + TER / SvJcl mice were seeded in 6-well plates at 5x10 5 cells / well, and CO 2 incubator (37 ° C, 5% CO 2 ) Overnight. The cells in the well for measuring the number of cells were detached using a trypsin-EDTA solution, and the number of cells per well was measured. Based on this cell number, the amount of vector was calculated.
- ESG1106 was added to a final concentration of 1000 U / ml to prepare a mouse ES cell culture medium (hereinafter referred to as 2i / LIF medium)), and added in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C, 5% CO 2 ). Cultured. (Subsequently, the cells were cultured while changing the medium in 2i / LIF medium until the fifth day of vector infection. On the fifth day of infection, the feeder cells were placed in a 6-well plate coated with 0.1% gelatin solution at 1.4 ⁇ 10.
- Example 13 Obtaining clones of mouse iPS cells From Example 10, 10 clones containing 1x10 4 cells / dish and 1x10 5 cells / dish were picked up 6 clones and 18 clones on the 16th day of infection. Culture was performed, and anti-SeV antibody staining was performed to confirm removal of the Sendai virus vector (FIG. 12). As a result, Sendai virus vector negative of 9 clones (clone numbers: 5-2, 5-6, 5-7, 5-11, 5-13, 5-14, 5-15, 5-16, 5-17) A clone was obtained.
- Example 14 Gene expression analysis by immunostaining Evaluation of mouse iPS cells induced in Example 12 and confirmed to be negative for Sendai virus vector in Example 13 was performed by immunostaining with anti-NANOG antibody and anti-OCT4 antibody ( FIG. 13). As a result, three iPS cell clones (5-2, 5-7, 5-17) were stained in the same manner as mouse ES cells in which NANOG and OCT4 were positive controls. In negative control mouse fibroblasts, NANOG and OCT4 were not stained. Therefore, it was shown that the evaluated iPS cells expressed the NANOG and OCT4 genes at the protein level.
- Example 15 Multipotency evaluation The mouse iPS cells induced in Example 12 and confirmed to be negative for Sendai virus vector in Example 13 were evaluated for pluripotency.
- the embryoid body was formed by culturing in a serum medium not containing LIF (FIG. 14). Similar to mouse ES cells. After the formation of the embryoid body, it is subcultured to a gelatin-coated plate and cultured in a serum medium not containing LIF. On the fourth day, the cell nuclei are stained by GATA4 (transcription factor, a marker of endoderm). Stained ( Figure 15).
- IPS cell induction from human monocytes 1 Induction of iPS cells from human CD14 + monocytes was performed. The monocytes used were purchased from LONZA (catalog number 2W-400C). Monocytes were cultured in IMDM (10% FBS / PS / IMDM) containing 10% fetal bovine serum and penicillin streptomycin. The frozen monocyte cells were thawed in a 37 ° C. water bath, transferred to a 50 ml Falcon tube containing 10 ml of 10% FBS / PS / IMDM medium, and mixed gently.
- IMDM % FBS / PS / IMDM
- the cell solution and the vector solution were mixed and added to a 6-well plate, and cultured overnight in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- 10% FBS / PS / IMDM was added at 1 ml / well and cultured in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ) for 2 days.
- the medium was changed with 10% FBS / PS / IMDM until the third and fourth days of infection.
- cells were detached using trypsin-EDTA, suspended in 10% FBS / PS / IMDM, added onto feeder cells, and in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C, 5% CO 2 ) Cultured.
- the medium was changed using a medium for primate ES (ReproCell, RCHEMD001) (bFGF was added to 4 ng / ml). Thereafter, the culture was continued until the 28th day of vector infection while exchanging the medium.
- the state of the cells in the induction process is shown in FIG. On day 28, alkaline phosphatase staining was performed, and induction of alkaline phosphatase positive colonies was observed (FIG. 20).
- the induction efficiency of iPS cells increased depending on the amount of vector, and was about 0.01% to 0.03% (FIG. 21).
- Example 17 Induction of iPS cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared from blood provided by two volunteers (referred to as donors 1 and 2) by the Ficoll method. Cytokine (100 ng / mL SCF, 100 ng / mL FLT-3 Ligand, 20 ng / mL Thrombopoetin, 10 ng) in PBMC medium (StemPro-34 SFM with StemPro-34 Nutrient, L-Glutamine, and penicillin streptomycin) / mL IL-6) was added to the culture medium (PBMC + medium). Vector infection was performed on the 4th day of culture.
- a vector solution was prepared by adding the calculated vector to PBMC + medium.
- the culture solution of PBMC was removed, a vector solution was added, and the cells were cultured in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- On day 3 of vector infection cells were detached using trypsin-EDTA, suspended in PBMC + medium, added onto feeder cells, and cultured in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ). From the next day to the 6th day of infection, the medium was changed using PBMC medium and cultured in a CO 2 incubator (37 ° C., 5% CO 2 ).
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were prepared by Ficoll method from blood provided by two volunteers (donors 3 and 4).
- CD14 + cells were separated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells using EasySep positive selection Human CD14 positive Selection kit (using Veritas, Cat. No. 18058) as a starting material.
- FACS analysis using an anti-CD14 antibody confirmed that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, CD14-positive cells were about 15% but were purified to 85% or more after separation.
- the induction efficiency of pluripotent stem cells using a vector containing the KLF gene, the OCT gene, and the SOX gene in this order can be significantly improved.
- a temperature-sensitive vector it is possible to induce pluripotent stem cells with high efficiency without culturing at low temperature while enabling rapid removal of the vector for induction of pluripotent stem cells.
- the method of the present invention is expected to obtain physiologically more preferable pluripotent stem cells because no low temperature stimulation is applied to the cells.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち本発明は、KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含むベクターを導入する工程を含む多能性幹細胞の誘導において、多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善する方法およびそのために用いられる遺伝子導入ベクターおよび組成物等に関し、より具体的には請求項の各項に記載の発明に関する。なお同一の請求項を引用する請求項に記載の発明の2つまたはそれ以上の任意の組み合わせからなる発明も、本明細書において意図された発明である。すなわち本発明は、以下の発明に関する。
〔1〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入し、低温培養せずに、多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善する方法であって、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターをさらに導入する工程を含む方法。
〔2〕 約37℃で培養される、〔1〕に記載の方法。
〔3〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕または〔2〕に記載の方法。
〔4〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕から〔3〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔5〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入する工程をさらに含む、〔1〕から〔4〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔6〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔5〕に記載の方法。
〔7〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入し、低温培養せずに、多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善するための薬剤の製造における、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターの使用。
〔8〕 多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法が、約37℃で培養する方法である、〔7〕に記載の使用。
〔9〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔7〕または〔8〕に記載の使用。
〔10〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔7〕から〔9〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔11〕 多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物であって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクター、を含む組成物、
〔12〕 多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物であって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、
を含む組成物。
〔13〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、〔11〕または〔12〕に記載の組成物、
〔14〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、〔13〕に記載の組成物。
〔15〕 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物である、〔11〕から〔14〕のいずれかに記載の組成物。
〔16〕 多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットであって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクター、を含むキット、
〔17〕 多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットであって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、
を含むキット。
〔18〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、〔16〕または〔17〕に記載のキット、
〔19〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、〔18〕に記載のキット。
〔20〕 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットである、〔16〕から〔19〕のいずれかに記載のキット。
またP蛋白質の変異としては、SeV P蛋白質の433位(D433)、434位(R434)、および437位(K437)から任意に選択される部位のアミノ酸の他のアミノ酸への置換が挙げられる。上記と同様に、アミノ酸の置換は、側鎖の化学的性質の異なる他のアミノ酸への置換が好ましい。具体的には、433番目のアミノ酸のAla (A) への置換、434番目のアミノ酸のAla (A) への置換、437番目のアミノ酸のAla (A) への置換などが例示できる。特にこれら3つの部位全てが置換されたP蛋白質を好適に用いることができる。これらの変異により、P蛋白質の温度感受性を上昇させることができる。
より具体的に例を挙げれば、例えば
TS 7:L (Y942H/L1361C/L1558I)
TS 12:P(D433A/R434A/K437A)
TS 13:P(D433A/R434A/K437A), L(L1558I)
TS 14:P(D433A/R434A/K437A), L(L1361C)
TS 15:P(D433A/R434A/K437A), L(L1361C/L1558I)
などの変異を持つセンダイウイルスベクターを好適に用いることができる(国際公開番号 WO2010/008054)。
なお「TSΔF」は、M蛋白質にG69E,T116A,及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T,G264R,及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を持ち、F遺伝子を欠失することを言う。
KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターとしては、特にM蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を持つF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターであって、さらに上記の TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、またはTS 15の変異を有するベクターが好ましい。より好ましくは、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を持ち、さらに TS 12 の変異を持つF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである。KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子を含むセンダイウイルスにおいては、好ましくはKLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子は、この順番でセンダイウイルスのP遺伝子の直後、すなわちP遺伝子のすぐ下流(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムのすぐ5'側)に組み込まれる。
OCT遺伝子、SOX遺伝子、およびKLF遺伝子の順番で配置される場合は、例えば S - OCT遺伝子 -E-I-S- SOX遺伝子 -E-I-S- KLF遺伝子 -E(S, I, およびE はそれぞれS配列、I (intervening) 配列、およびE配列を表す)の構成をもつ核酸をゲノムに含むセンダイウイルスベクターを好適に用いることができる。センダイウイルスゲノム上のP遺伝子とSOX遺伝子は、P遺伝子 -E-I-S- SOX遺伝子 - ... のように結合される。
本発明は、本発明のセンダイウイルスベクターの、細胞のリプログラミングにおいて遺伝子を導入するための使用、そして、細胞においてリプログラミング因子を発現させ、該細胞のリプログラミングを誘導するための使用を提供する。また本発明は、本発明のセンダイウイルスベクターを含む、細胞のリプログラミングにおいて遺伝子を導入するための剤(導入剤、遺伝子導入剤)、細胞においてリプログラミング因子を発現させるための剤を提供する。また本発明は、本発明のセンダイウイルスベクターを含む、細胞においてリプログラミング因子を発現させ、該細胞のリプログラミングを誘導するための剤に関する。また本発明のベクターは、細胞の核初期化を行う際に、所望の遺伝子を該細胞においてさらに発現させるためにも有用である。本発明のセンダイウイルスベクターは、本発明に従い、細胞のリプログラミングのために利用することができる。リプログラミングの誘導とは、具体的には多能性幹細胞の誘導であってよい。本発明は、医学的用途および非医学的用途のために用いることができ、メディカルおよびノンメディカルの態様において有用である。例えば本発明は、治療、手術、および/または診断、あるいは非治療、非手術、および/または非診断の目的に用いることができる。
〔1〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含むベクターを導入して多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法(製造する方法を含む)における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善(製造効率の改善を含む)する方法であって、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターをさらに導入する工程を含む方法。
〔2〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で含むベクターが温度感受性ウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の方法。
〔3〕 温度感受性ウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔2〕に記載の方法。
〔4〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7(L蛋白質のY942H, L1361C, およびL1558I変異)、TS 12(P蛋白質のD433A, R434A, およびK437A変異、TS 13(P蛋白質のD433A, R434A, およびK437A変異および L蛋白質のL1558I変異、TS 14(P蛋白質のD433A, R434A, およびK437A変異および L蛋白質のL1361C変異)、および TS 15(P蛋白質のD433A, R434A, およびK437A変異および L蛋白質のL1361C および L1558I変異)からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔3〕に記載の方法。
〔5〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 12の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、およびK437Aの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔4〕に記載の方法。
〔6〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子が、この順番でセンダイウイルスのP遺伝子の直後(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてP遺伝子の5'側)に組み込まれている、〔3〕から〔5〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔7〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、SeV(PM)KOS/TS7ΔF、およびSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFからなる群より選択される、〔3〕に記載の方法。
〔8〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕から〔7〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔9〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが37℃におけるNTVLP形成が抑制される変異を有するセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔10〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔11〕 KLF遺伝子が、N遺伝子の上流(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてN遺伝子の3'側)に組み込まれている、〔8〕から〔10〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔12〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターがSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFである、〔8〕に記載の方法。
〔13〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターを導入する工程をさらに含む、〔1〕から〔12〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔14〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔13〕に記載の方法。
〔15〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたセンダイウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔14〕に記載の方法。
〔16〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔15〕に記載の方法。
〔17〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 15 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、K437Aの変異、並びにL蛋白質のL1361CおよびL1558Iの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔16〕に記載の方法。
〔18〕 MYC遺伝子が、L遺伝子の直前(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムの3'側)に組み込まれている、〔14〕から〔17〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔19〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターがSeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFである、〔14〕に記載の方法。
〔20〕 MYC遺伝子がc-rMycである、〔13〕から〔19〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔21〕 低温で培養しない、〔1〕から〔20〕のいずれかに記載の方法。
〔22〕 約37℃で培養する、〔21〕に記載の方法。
〔1〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含むベクターを導入して多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法(製造する方法を含む)における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善(製造効率の改善を含む)するための薬剤の製造における、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターの使用。
〔2〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で含むベクターが温度感受性ウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の使用。
〔3〕 温度感受性ウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔2〕に記載の使用。
〔4〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔3〕に記載の使用。
〔5〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 12 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、およびK437Aの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔4〕に記載の使用。
〔6〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子が、この順番でセンダイウイルスのP遺伝子の直後(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてP遺伝子の5'側)に組み込まれている、〔3〕から〔5〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔7〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、SeV(PM)KOS/TS7ΔF、およびSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFからなる群より選択される、〔3〕に記載の使用。
〔8〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕から〔7〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔9〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが37℃におけるNTVLP形成が抑制される変異を有するセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の使用。
〔10〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の使用。
〔11〕 KLF遺伝子が、N遺伝子の上流(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてN遺伝子の3'側)に組み込まれている、〔8〕から〔10〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔12〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターがSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFである、〔8〕に記載の使用。
〔13〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターを導入する工程をさらに含む、〔1〕から〔12〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔14〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔13〕に記載の使用。
〔15〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたセンダイウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔14〕に記載の使用。
〔16〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔15〕に記載の使用。
〔17〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 15 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、K437Aの変異、並びにL蛋白質のL1361CおよびL1558Iの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔16〕に記載の使用。
〔18〕 MYC遺伝子が、L遺伝子の直前(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムの3'側)に組み込まれている、〔14〕から〔17〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔19〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターがSeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFである、〔14〕に記載の使用。
〔20〕 MYC遺伝子がc-rMycである、〔13〕から〔19〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔21〕 該誘導および/または製造において低温で培養しない、〔1〕から〔20〕のいずれかに記載の使用。
〔22〕 約37℃で培養する、〔21〕に記載の使用。
〔1〕(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含むベクター、および(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクター、を含む多能性幹細胞を誘導(製造を含む)するための組成物およびキット。
〔2〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で含むベクターが温度感受性ウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔3〕 温度感受性ウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔4〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔3〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔5〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 12 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、およびK437Aの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔4〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔6〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子が、この順番でセンダイウイルスのP遺伝子の直後(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてP遺伝子の5'側)に組み込まれている、〔3〕から〔5〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔7〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、SeV(PM)KOS/TS7ΔF、およびSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFからなる群より選択される、〔3〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔8〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕から〔7〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔9〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが37℃におけるNTVLP形成が抑制される変異を有するセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔10〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔11〕 KLF遺伝子が、N遺伝子の上流(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてN遺伝子の3'側)に組み込まれている、〔8〕から〔10〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔12〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターがSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔13〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターをさらに含む、〔1〕から〔12〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔14〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔13〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔15〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたセンダイウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔14〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔16〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔15〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔17〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 15 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、K437Aの変異、並びにL蛋白質のL1361CおよびL1558Iの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔16〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔18〕 MYC遺伝子が、L遺伝子の直前(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムの3'側)に組み込まれている、〔14〕から〔17〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔19〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターがSeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFである、〔14〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔20〕 MYC遺伝子がc-rMycである、〔13〕から〔19〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔21〕 該誘導および/または製造において低温で培養しない、〔1〕から〔20〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔22〕 約37℃で培養する、〔21〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔1〕(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含むベクター、および(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクター、を含む多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善(製造効率の改善を含む)するための組成物およびキット。
〔2〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で含むベクターが温度感受性ウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔3〕 温度感受性ウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔4〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、TS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔3〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔5〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 12 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、およびK437Aの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔4〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔6〕 KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子が、この順番でセンダイウイルスのP遺伝子の直後(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてP遺伝子の5'側)に組み込まれている、〔3〕から〔5〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔7〕 温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、SeV(PM)KOS/TS7ΔF、およびSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFからなる群より選択される、〔3〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔8〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔1〕から〔7〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔9〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが37℃におけるNTVLP形成が抑制される変異を有するセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔10〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔11〕 KLF遺伝子が、N遺伝子の上流(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムにおいてN遺伝子の3'側)に組み込まれている、〔8〕から〔10〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔12〕 KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターがSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFである、〔8〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔13〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターをさらに含む、〔1〕から〔12〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔14〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたベクターがセンダイウイルスベクターである、〔13〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔15〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入されたセンダイウイルスベクターが温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターである、〔14〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔16〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターがTS 7、TS 12、TS 13、TS 14、および TS 15 からなる群より選択される変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔15〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔17〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含み、さらに TS 15 の変異(P蛋白質のD433A、R434A、K437Aの変異、並びにL蛋白質のL1361CおよびL1558Iの変異)を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、〔16〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔18〕 MYC遺伝子が、L遺伝子の直前(マイナス鎖RNAゲノムの3'側)に組み込まれている、〔14〕から〔17〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔19〕 MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターがSeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFである、〔14〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
〔20〕 MYC遺伝子がc-rMycである、〔13〕から〔19〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔21〕 該誘導および/または製造において低温で培養しない、〔1〕から〔20〕のいずれかに記載の組成物およびキット。
〔22〕 約37℃で培養する、〔21〕に記載の組成物およびキット。
pSeV(PM)/TSΔFの構築
本実施例で用いたセンダイウイルスベクターpSeV(PM)/TSΔFの作製方法を以下に示す。尚、本発明において「(PM)」とは、P遺伝子とM遺伝子の間にリプログラミング遺伝子を挿入することを表し、「(HNL)」とは、HN遺伝子とL遺伝子の間にリプログラミング遺伝子を挿入することを表す。また本発明において「TS」とは、M蛋白質にG69E,T116A,及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T,G264R,及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を持つことを表し、「ΔF」とは、F遺伝子を欠失していることを表す。また下記SeV(PM)/TSΔFとは、M蛋白質にG69E,T116A,及びA183Sの変異を、HN蛋白質にA262T,G264R,及びK461Gの変異を、P蛋白質にL511F変異を、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を持つF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター(Z strain)である。このベクターは、P遺伝子の直下(immediate downstream)(P遺伝子とM遺伝子の間)に導入遺伝子挿入部位(NotI部位)を有する。但しこれらは例示であって、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
pSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFの構築
JurkatのcDNAライブラリーからPrimeStar HS DNA polymerase (タカラバイオ株式会社 カタログ番号R010A)を用いてPCRを行なうことによりKIF4遺伝子を増幅し、これをブルースクリプトプラスミドベクターのNot Iサイトに挿入して、プラスミドpBS-KS-KLF4を得た(WO2010/008054)。pBS-KS-KLF4をNot Iで消化(37℃で3時間)し、1%アガロースゲル電気泳動により分離し、約1.5k bpのバンドを切り出し、Qiaquick Gel Extraction Kit (キアゲン、カタログ番号28706) で精製した。このKLF4遺伝子を含むNot I断片をpSeV18+/TSΔFベクターのNot Iサイトにクローニングし、シークエンスにより配列の正しいクローンを選択し、pSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFを得た。pSeV18+/TSΔFベクターの転写産物から作製したセンダイウイルスをSeV18+/TSΔF、pSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターの転写産物から作製したセンダイウイルスをSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFと称す。
pSeV(PM)/TS12ΔFの構築
pSeV(PM)/TSΔFを鋳型にして、F3208 (5'-AGAGAACAAGACTAAGGCTACC-3' (配列番号:12))及びR3787(5'- ACCTTGACAATCCTGATGTGG-3' (配列番号:13))のプライマーを用いて、PrimeSterを使用し、94℃3分、(98℃10秒、55℃15秒、72℃1.5分)のサイクルを30サイクル、72℃5分、4℃∞の条件でPCRを行い、増幅された約600bpのバンドをQIAquick PCR purification kitにて精製した。pSeV18+Oct3/4/TS12ΔF(WO2010/008054; WO2012/029770)を鋳型にして、F2001 (5'- CCATCAACACTCCCCAAGGACC-3' (配列番号:14)) 及びR3390(5'- AGACGTGATGCGTTTGAGGCCC-3' (配列番号:15)) のプライマーを用いて、PrimeSterを使用し、94℃3分、(98℃10秒、55℃15秒、72℃1.5分) のサイクルを30サイクル、72℃5分、4℃∞の条件でPCRを行い、増幅された約1.4kbpのバンドをQIAquick PCR purification kitにて精製した。これらのPCR産物を混合し、F2001及びR3787のプライマーを用いて、PrimeSterを使用し、94℃3分、(98℃10秒、55℃15秒、72℃2分) のサイクルを30サイクル、72℃5分、4℃∞の条件でPCRを行った。そのPCR産物をQIAquick PCR purification kitにて精製し、SalI及びNot Iで消化後アガロースゲル電気泳動にて分離後、約1.6kbpのバンドを切り出し、QIAquick Gel Extraction kitにて精製した。pSeV(PM)/TSΔFをSalI及びNot Iで消化後アガロースゲル電気泳動にて分離後、約14.8kbpのバンドを切り出し、QIAquick Gel Extraction kitにて精製した。この2つのSalI及びNot I消化、精製産物を用いてライゲーションを行い、シークエンスにより配列を正しいクローンを選択し、pSeV(PM)/TS12ΔFを得た。このベクターは、P遺伝子およびM遺伝子の間に導入遺伝子挿入部位(NotI部位)を有する。このベクターの転写産物から作製したセンダイウイルスをSeV(PM)/TS12ΔFと称す。
pSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFの構築
KLF4-OCT3/4-SOX2遺伝子が搭載されたSeV/TS12ΔFベクター作製用のプラスミドを以下の通り作製した。
pSeV(PM)/TSΔFをNot Iで消化後、QIAquick PCR purification kit(キアゲンカタログ番号28106)で精製し、BAP処理を行った。その後、QIAquick PCR purification kitで精製した。pSeV(PM)KOS/TSΔFをNot Iで消化し、1%アガロースゲル電気泳動により分離し、約3.6kbpのバンドを切り出し、Qiaquick Gel Extraction Kit (キアゲン、カタログ番号28706) で精製した。キットに付属の溶出液100μlに溶出した。このKLF4遺伝子、OCT3/4遺伝子、SOX2遺伝子を含むNot I断片をpSeV(PM)/TS12ΔFベクターのNot Iサイトにクローニングし、シークエンスにより配列の正しいクローンを選択し、pSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFを得た。このベクターの転写産物から作製したセンダイウイルスをSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFと称す。
pSeV(HNL)c-rMyc/TS15ΔFの作製
Litmus38TSΔF-P2(HNL)ΔGFPおよびpSeV/TSΔF-Linker L1361CL1558I(WO2010/008054; WO2012/029770)をそれぞれSalI-NheI消化後、アガロースゲル電気泳動により分離し、それぞれ8.0kbp、8.3kbpのバンドを切り出し精製した。これらの精製断片のライゲーションを行いpSeV(HNL)/TS15ΔFを得た(SeV(HNL)/TS15ΔFのアンチゲノムをコードするプラスミド)。このpSeV(HNL)/TS15ΔFのNot IサイトにpBS-KS-c-rMycより NotI消化により、切り出し、精製したc-rMyc遺伝子を含むNot I断片を導入し、pSeV(HNL)c-rMyc/TS15ΔFを得た。c-rMycの塩基配列およびアミノ酸配列を配列番号:8および9に示した。c-rMycは、a378g、t1122c、t1125c、a1191g、および a1194gの変異を有する。このベクターの転写産物から作製したセンダイウイルスをSeV(HNL)c-rMyc/TS15ΔFと称す。
細胞初期化用遺伝子を保持するセンダイウイルスベクターによる人工多能性幹細胞の作製1(iPS細胞)
ヒト新生児包皮由来線維芽細胞(BJ) (ATCC(www.atcc.org), CRL-2522) 5 x 105(個)を 10 % FBS (GIBCO-BRL) 及びペニシリン(100u/ml)ストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)(ナカライテスク, Code 26253-84)を含むDMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995), 10 % FBS (Cell Culture BioscienceCat. No. 171012) (以下10%FBS/PS/DMEMとする) 中で37℃、5 % CO2インキュベーターにて終夜培養した。その後、以下の条件でベクターを細胞に感染させた。
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=3
条件2:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=10
条件3:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+/TSΔF MOI=3
条件4:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+/TSΔF MOI=10
条件5:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
条件6:ベクター非投与群(コントロール群)
感染28日目に、ES細胞の未分化マーカーであるアルカリホスファターゼの活性をNBCT/BCIP (PIERCE, NBT/BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042) にて染色してiPS細胞の誘導効率を観察した(図1)。SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加していない試験群(上記条件5)と比較して、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加した試験群(上記条件1,2)において、iPS細胞の誘導効率がSeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターの添加量依存的に改善された。図2は、n=2の誘導効率を平均したグラフを示す。SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターをMOI=3で添加した場合は、約6.9倍、MOI=10で添加した場合は、約12倍iPS細胞の誘導効率が改善された。SeV18+ /TSΔFベクターを添加した場合、MOI=3で添加した場合は、約3.2倍、MOI=10で添加した場合は、6倍iPS細胞の誘導効率が改善された。
細胞初期化用遺伝子を保持するセンダイウイルスベクターによる人工多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)の作製2
ヒト新生児包皮由来繊維芽細胞 (BJ)( ATCC(www.atcc.org), CRL-2522) 5x 105 (個) を6ウェルプレートに 10 % FBS (GIBCO-BRL) 及びペニシリン (100u/ml) ストレプトマイシン (100μg/ml)(ナカライテスク, Code 26253-84)を含むDMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995), 10 % FBS (Cell Culture BioscienceCat. No. 171012) (以下10%FBS/PS/DMEMとする) 中で37℃、5 % CO2インキュベーターにて終夜培養した。その後、以下の条件でベクターを細胞に感染させた。評価はn=2で行った。
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=5
条件2:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=10
条件3:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
条件4:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
条件5:ベクター非投与群1(コントロール群1)
条件6:ベクター非投与群2(コントロール群2)
感染28日目に、ES細胞の未分化マーカーであるアルカリホスファターゼの活性をNBCT/BCIP(PIERCE, NBT/BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042)にて染色してiPS細胞の誘導効率を観察した(図3)。SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加していない試験群(上記条件3,4)と比較して、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加した試験群(上記条件1,2)において、iPS細胞の誘導効率が高かった。ベクター非投与群(上記条件5、6)では、iPS細胞の誘導は認められなかった。図4に、n=2の結果の平均値のグラフを示す。
細胞初期化用遺伝子を保持するセンダイウイルスベクターによる人工多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)の作製3
ヒト成人皮膚由来繊維芽細胞HDF(Applications, Inc. 106-05A-1388) 5 x 105(個)を6ウェルプレートに 10 % FBS (GIBCO-BRL) 及びペニシリン (100u/ml) ストレプトマイシン (100μg/ml)(ナカライテスク, Code 26253-84)を含むDMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995), 10 % FBS (Cell Culture BioscienceCat. No. 171012) (以下10%FBS/PS/DMEMとする) 中で37℃、5 % CO2インキュベーターにて終夜培養した。その後、以下の条件でベクターを細胞に感染させた。評価はn=2で行った。
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=5
条件2:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=10
条件3:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
条件4:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
条件5:ベクター非投与群1(コントロール群1)
条件6:ベクター非投与群2(コントロール群2)
感染28日目に、ES細胞の未分化マーカーであるアルカリホスファターゼの活性をNBCT/BCIP (PIERCE, NBT/BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042)にて染色してiPS細胞の誘導効率を観察した(図5)。SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加していない試験群(上記条件3,4)と比較して、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加した試験群(上記条件1,2)において、iPS細胞の誘導効率が高かった。ベクター非投与群(上記条件5、6)では、iPS細胞の誘導は認められなかった。図6に、n=2の結果の平均値のグラフを示す。
細胞初期化用遺伝子を保持するセンダイウイルスベクターによる人工多能性幹細胞(iPS細胞)の作製4
ヒト胎児肺細胞由来繊維芽細胞(MRC-5;ATCC, CCL-171)2x 105(個)を6ウェルプレートに 10 % FBS (GIBCO-BRL) 及びペニシリン(100u/ml)ストレプトマイシン(100μg/ml)(ナカライテスク, Code 26253-84)を含むDMEM (GIBCO-BRL, 11995), 10 % FBS (Cell Culture BioscienceCat. No. 171012) (以下10%FBS/PS/DMEMとする) 中で37℃、5 % CO2インキュベーターにて終夜培養した。その後、以下の条件でベクターを細胞に感染させた。評価はn=2で行った。
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=5
条件2:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF+SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
SeV18+KLF4/TSΔF MOI=10
条件3:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=5
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=5
条件4:SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF+SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF
SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔF MOI=30
SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔF MOI=30
条件5:ベクター非投与群1(コントロール群1)
条件6:ベクター非投与群2(コントロール群2)
感染28日目に、ES細胞の未分化マーカーであるアルカリホスファターゼの活性をNBCT/BCIP(PIERCE, NBT/BCIP, 1-Step, # 34042)にて染色してiPS細胞の誘導効率を観察した(図7)。SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加していない試験群(上記条件3,4)と比較して、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを添加した試験群(上記条件1,2)において、iPS細胞の誘導効率が高かった。ベクター非投与群(上記条件5、6)では、iPS細胞の誘導は認められなかった。図8に、n=2の結果の平均値のグラフを示す。
誘導された人工多能性幹細胞のin vivo多分化能の評価
in vivoでの多分化能は免疫不全マウスへのテラトーマ形成で確認を行った。BJ細胞由来iPS細胞のクローンBJ-1215K#1、HDF細胞由来iPS細胞のクローンHDF-1215K#1をSCIDマウス皮下に接種し、約1ヶ月後に腫瘤形成を確認し、約2ヶ月後に検体を回収し、10 %ホルマリン固定後、パラフィン包埋し、組織切片のヘマトキシリン・エオジン染色を行い、三胚葉分化を確認した (図9)。
核型解析
9継代目のBJ細胞由来iPS細胞のクローンBJ-1215K#1、HDF細胞由来iPS細胞のクローンHDF-1215K#1、MRC-5細胞由来iPS細胞のクローンMRC5-1215K#1の核型解析を(株)日本遺伝子研究所に依頼して行った。その結果、46本の染色体を有し、核型が正常であることが示された (図10)。
マウス線維芽細胞からのiPS細胞の誘導
129+TER/SvJclマウス由来の線維芽細胞を5x105cells/ウェルになるように6-ウェルプレートへ播種し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で1晩培養した。細胞数測定用のウェルの細胞をトリプシン-EDTA溶液を用いて剥がし、1ウェル当たりの細胞数を測定した。この細胞数を基にベクターの量を算出した。SeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFベクター、SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFベクター、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターを10%FBS/PS/DMEM培地に各ベクターをMOI=5になるように添加して、最終溶液が1mLとなるようにベクター液を調製した。6-ウェルプレートの培養液を除き、調製したベクター溶液を添加し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で約24時間、培養を行った。その後、培養液を除き、10%FBS/PS/DMEMを添加(2 mL/ウェル)し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で約24時間、培養を行った。細胞の培養液を除き、ES細胞用の培地(Neurobasal medium(Life technologies. Cat. No.21103-049)を250 ml、DMEM/F-12, GlutaMAX (Life technologies. Cat. No. 10565-018) を250 ml、B27 (Life technologies, Cat. No.17504044) を 10 ml、N2(Life technologies. Cat. No.17502-048)を5 ml、2-メルカプトエタノール(シグマ, Cat. No. M3148-100ML)を3.5μl、L-Glutamine(Life technologies. Cat. No.25030-0841)を2.5 ml、ペニシリンストレプトマイシン(ナカライテスク, Cat. No. 26253-84)を5 ml、PD0325901 (5 mMに調製)(フナコシ, Cat. No. Axon1408)を100μl、CT 99021 (15 mMに調製)(フナコシ, Cat. No. Axon1386)を100μlを混合して2i培地を作製。2i培地にLIF(Millipore, Cat. No. ESG1106)を終濃度1000 U/mlになるように添加してマウスES細胞用培地とした(以下2i/LIF培地とする))を添加し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。(この後、さらにベクター感染5日目まで、2i/LIF培地で培地交換を行いながら培養を行った。感染5日目に、フィーダー細胞を、0.1%ゼラチン溶液でコートした6ウェルプレートに1.4x105 cells/ウェル/2 ml 10%FBS/PS/DMEM、10cmディッシュに7x105 cells/ディッシュ/10 ml 10%FBS/PS/DMEMで播種し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。感染6日目に、ベクターを感染させた細胞をトリプシン-EDTAを用いて剥がし、準備したフィーダー上に2i/LIF培地を添加して、1x104 cells/ウェル、1x105 cells/ウェルの割合で6ウェルプレートに、1x104 cells/ディッシュ、1x105 cells/ディッシュの割合で10cmディッシュに撒き、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。これ以降は、ほぼ毎日2i/LIF培地で培地交換を行いながらiPS細胞の誘導を行った。感染21日目にアルカリホスファターゼ染色を行った(図11)。iPS細胞様でアルカリホスファターゼ陽性の細胞を計測し、誘導効率を求めた結果、約0.1%であった。
マウスiPS細胞のクローンの取得
実施例12で1x104 cells/ディッシュ、1x105 cells/ディッシュの割合で細胞を撒いた10cmディッシュから、感染16日目にそれぞれ6クローン、18クローンをピックアップし、継代培養を行い、抗SeV抗体染色を行いセンダイウイルスベクターの除去の確認を行った(図12)。その結果、9クローン(クローン番号:5-2、5-6、5-7、5-11、5-13、5-14、5-15、5-16、5-17)のセンダイウイルスベクター陰性クローンを得た。
免疫染色による遺伝子発現解析
実施例12で誘導し、実施例13でセンダイウイルスベクターが陰性であることが確認されたマウスiPS細胞の評価を抗NANOG抗体、抗OCT4抗体を免疫染色法により行った(図13)。その結果、3つのiPS細胞のクローン(5-2、5-7、5-17)は、NANOGおよびOCT4が陽性コントロールであるマウスのES細胞と同様に染色された。陰性コントロールのマウス線維芽細胞では、NANOGおよびOCT4は、染色されなかった。従って、評価したiPS細胞は、NANOGおよびOCT4遺伝子をタンパク質レベルで発現している事が示された。
多分化能評価
実施例12で誘導し、実施例13でセンダイウイルスベクターが陰性であることが確認されたマウスiPS細胞の多分化能評価を行った。
LIFを含まない血清培地で培養することで胚葉体を形成した(図14)。マウスES細胞と同様であった。
胚葉体を形成させた後に、ゼラチンコートプレートに継代し、LIFを含まない血清培地で培養することで4日目には、GATA4(内胚葉のマーカーである転写因子)染色により細胞の核が染色された(図15)。
LIFを含まない血清培地にて、培養を続けることでゼラチンコートプレートに継代して10日目に拍動する心筋と考えられる組織が観察された。14日目に細胞を固定してα-Actininに対する抗体を用いて免疫染色を行った(図16)。全体的に染色されていた。その中でもいくつかの領域では、強く染色された細胞が観察された。
LIFを含まない2i培地で培養することでゼラチンコートに継代して4日目には、βIIIチューブリン陽性(図17)Tyrosine Hydroxylase陽性(図18)、の神経細胞に分化できることが示された。これらの結果より、本発明のセンダイウイルスベクターを使用することでマウスの細胞から3胚葉への分化能を有するiPS細胞が誘導可能であることが示された。
ヒト単球からのiPS細胞誘導1
ヒトCD14+単球からのiPS細胞の誘導を行った。使用した単球は、LONZA社より購入した(カタログ番号 2W-400C)。 単球は10%ウシ胎児血清およびペニシリンストレプトマイシンを含むIMDM(10%FBS/PS/IMDMとする)により培養を行った。凍結された単球の細胞を37℃のウォーターバスで融解し、10%FBS/PS/IMDM培地10mlを入れた50mlファルコンチューブに移し、優しく混合した。100g 5分、室温で遠心分離後、上清を取り除き、10 mlの10%FBS/PS/IMDMを添加、混合した。血球計算盤を用いて細胞数をカウントした。5x105cells/ウェル/2ml 10%FBS/PS/IMDMで6-ウェルプレートに播種し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。
ヒト末梢血単核球からのiPS細胞誘導
2名のボランティア(ドナー1、2とする)から提供された血液からフィコール法により末梢血単核球を調製した。PBMC培地(StemPro-34 SFMにStemPro-34 Nutrient、L-Glutamine、ペニシリンストレプトマイシンを添加した培地)にサイトカイン(100 ng/mL SCF、100 ng/mL FLT-3 Ligand、 20 ng/mL Thrombopoetin、10 ng/mL IL-6)を添加した培地(PBMC+培地とする)を用いて培養を行った。培養4日目にベクターの感染を行った。末梢血単核球の細胞数を計測し、MOIが5、10、30、50となるようにベクター量を計算した。PBMC+培地に計算したベクターを添加してベクター溶液を作製した。PBMCの培養液を除き、ベクター溶液を添加し、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。ベクター感染3日目にトリプシン-EDTAを用いて細胞を剥がし、PBMC+培地に懸濁後、フィーダー細胞上に添加、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。翌日から感染6日目まで、PBMC培地を用いて培地交換を行い、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。感染7日目には、半分の培地を除去し、同量の霊長類ES用培地 (ReproCell社, RCHEMD001)(4 ng/ml になるようbFGFを添加した)を添加、CO2インキュベーター(37℃、5% CO2)で培養した。これ以降は、霊長類ES用培地 (ReproCell社, RCHEMD001)(4 ng/ml になるようbFGFを添加した)を用いて培養を行い感染21日目には、iPS様の細胞が認められた(図22、図23)。この後、アルカリホスファターゼ染色を行った(図24)。アルカリホスファターゼ陽性、iPS細胞様の誘導効率を算出した結果、ドナーやベクター量により誘導効率が異なったが、0.1%~0.8%の誘導効率を達成した(図25)。
ヒト単球からのiPS細胞誘導2
2名のボランティア(ドナー3、4とする)から提供された血液からフィコール法により末梢血単核球を調製した。この末梢血単核球からEasySep positive selection Human CD14 positive Selection kit (ベリタス, Cat. No. 18058を使用)を用いてCD14+細胞を分離して出発材料とした。抗CD14抗体を用いたFACS解析により、末梢血単核球では、CD14陽性細胞は、約15%であったが、分離後は85%以上にまで純化されたことを確認した。この細胞にSeV(PM)KOS/TS12ΔFベクター、SeV(HNL)c-rMYC/TS15ΔFベクター、SeV18+KLF4/TSΔFベクターの3種類のベクターをMOI=5, 10, 30, 50となるように感染させて、実施例16で示した方法と同様にiPS細胞の誘導を行った。その結果、アルカリホスファターゼ染色陽性iPS様細胞の誘導が確認され(図26、図27、図28)、誘導効率は、最大で0.12%であった(図29)。
Claims (20)
- KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入し、低温培養せずに、多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善する方法であって、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターをさらに導入する工程を含む方法。
- 約37℃で培養される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入する工程をさらに含む、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターを導入し、低温培養せずに、多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法における多能性幹細胞の誘導効率を改善するための薬剤の製造における、KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターの使用。
- 多能性幹細胞を誘導する方法が、約37℃で培養する方法である、請求項7に記載の使用。
- KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項7または8に記載の使用。
- KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項7から9のいずれかに記載の使用。
- 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物であって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクター、
を含む組成物。 - 多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物であって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、
を含む組成物。 - MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、請求項11または12に記載の組成物。
- MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するための組成物である、請求項12から14のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットであって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクター、
を含むキット。 - 多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットであって、
(a)KLF遺伝子、OCT遺伝子、およびSOX遺伝子をこの順序で1つのベクターに含む温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、および
(b)KLF遺伝子を含み、OCT遺伝子およびSOX遺伝子を含まないセンダイウイルスベクターであって、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にN1197S及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクター、
を含むキット。 - MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターをさらに含む、請求項16または17に記載のキット。
- MYC遺伝子が挿入された温度感受性センダイウイルスベクターが、M蛋白質にG69E, T116A, 及びA183Sの変異、HN蛋白質にA262T, G264R, 及びK461Gの変異、P蛋白質にD433A, R434A, K437A, 及びL511F変異、そしてL蛋白質にL1361C, L1558I, N1197S, 及びK1795E変異を含むF遺伝子欠失型センダイウイルスベクターである、請求項18に記載のキット。
- 低温培養せずに培養して多能性幹細胞を誘導するためのキットである、請求項17から19のいずれかに記載のキット。
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| DK3050961T5 (da) | 2024-10-14 |
| CN105916980A (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
| EP3050961A4 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
| US10975358B2 (en) | 2021-04-13 |
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