WO2014122971A1 - 発光装置、および、発光装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
発光装置、および、発光装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014122971A1 WO2014122971A1 PCT/JP2014/050995 JP2014050995W WO2014122971A1 WO 2014122971 A1 WO2014122971 A1 WO 2014122971A1 JP 2014050995 W JP2014050995 W JP 2014050995W WO 2014122971 A1 WO2014122971 A1 WO 2014122971A1
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- layer
- light emitting
- emitting device
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- light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/001—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electrical wires or cables
- F21V23/002—Arrangements of cables or conductors inside a lighting device, e.g. means for guiding along parts of the housing or in a pivoting arm
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/245—Reinforcing conductive patterns made by printing techniques or by other techniques for applying conductive pastes, inks or powders; Reinforcing other conductive patterns by such techniques
- H05K3/246—Reinforcing conductive paste, ink or powder patterns by other methods, e.g. by plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/24—Reinforcing the conductive pattern
- H05K3/245—Reinforcing conductive patterns made by printing techniques or by other techniques for applying conductive pastes, inks or powders; Reinforcing other conductive patterns by such techniques
- H05K3/247—Finish coating of conductors by using conductive pastes, inks or powders
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/05—Insulated conductive substrates, e.g. insulated metal substrate
- H05K1/053—Insulated conductive substrates, e.g. insulated metal substrate the metal substrate being covered by an inorganic insulating layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
- H05K2201/0332—Structure of the conductor
- H05K2201/0335—Layered conductors or foils
- H05K2201/0341—Intermediate metal, e.g. before reinforcing of conductors by plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10007—Types of components
- H05K2201/10106—Light emitting diode [LED]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
- H05K2201/10409—Screws
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10H—INORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES HAVING POTENTIAL BARRIERS
- H10H20/00—Individual inorganic light-emitting semiconductor devices having potential barriers, e.g. light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H10H20/80—Constructional details
- H10H20/85—Packages
- H10H20/857—Interconnections, e.g. lead-frames, bond wires or solder balls
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- H10W72/5522—
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- H10W90/753—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a light emitting device including a light emitting element formed on a substrate.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a light emitting device.
- a light-emitting device including a light-emitting element formed on a substrate a light-emitting device using a ceramic substrate, a light-emitting device including an organic resist layer as an insulating layer on a metal substrate, and the like are known.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a ceramic substrate in which wiring is formed on a substrate by sintering a silver-based conductor paste.
- Japanese Patent Publication Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-126853 (published May 11, 1999)”
- the conventional configuration has a problem that the wiring is likely to deteriorate.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a main object thereof is to realize a light emitting device in which deterioration due to oxidation hardly occurs in a wiring. It is also included in the object of the present invention to realize such a method for manufacturing a light emitting device.
- a light-emitting device is a light-emitting device including a substrate and a light-emitting element disposed over the substrate, and a wiring electrically connected to the light-emitting element over the substrate. A pattern is formed, and a gold layer is formed on the wiring pattern.
- a method for manufacturing a light emitting device includes a step of forming a wiring pattern on a ceramic substrate and a step of forming a gold layer on the wiring pattern.
- a light-emitting device in which deterioration due to oxidation hardly occurs in a wiring can be realized.
- FIG. 1A is a top view showing a configuration example of the light emitting device 30 according to this embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the BB cross section shown in FIG.
- the light emitting device 30 includes a substrate 100, a light emitting element (semiconductor light emitting element) 110, a light reflecting resin frame 130, a sealing resin 140, and a ceramic insulating film 150 having a single layer structure.
- the substrate 100 is an aluminum substrate.
- substrate is not specifically limited, For example, it is desirable to use the board
- the thermal conductivity of the metal substrate is preferably 200 [W / m ⁇ K] or more, and the thermal conductivity of the aluminum substrate is 230 [W / m ⁇ K].
- copper thermal conductivity: 398 [W / m ⁇ K]
- the thermal conductivity of the metal substrate 100 is 398 [W / m ⁇ K].
- the substrate may be a ceramic substrate.
- the substrate 100 made of aluminum is used because it is inexpensive, easy to process, and strong against atmospheric humidity.
- the outer shape of the substrate 100 in the substrate surface direction is a hexagon.
- the outer shape of the substrate 100 is not limited to this, and an arbitrary closed figure shape can be adopted.
- the closed figure shape may be a closed figure shape in which the circumference of the closed figure is composed of only a straight line or only a curve, and the closed figure shape has at least one straight line portion and a circumference of the closed figure. It may be a closed figure shape including at least one curved portion.
- the closed figure shape is not limited to the convex figure shape, and may be a concave figure shape.
- a convex polygonal shape composed only of straight lines a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a pentagonal shape, an octagonal shape, or the like may be used, and an arbitrary concave polygonal shape may be used.
- the closed figure shape comprised only by the curve circular shape or elliptical shape may be sufficient, and closed figure shapes, such as a convex curve shape or a concave curve shape, may be sufficient.
- a race track shape or the like may be used as an example of a closed figure shape including at least one straight line portion and at least one curved portion.
- the ceramic insulating film 150 is a film formed on one surface (hereinafter referred to as a surface) of the substrate 100 by a printing method, and has electrical insulation, high light reflectivity, and high thermal conductivity.
- the method of forming the ceramic insulating film 150 is not limited to the printing method, and a method of applying a ceramic paint to the substrate 100 using a spray is also included. Thereby, the heat generated in the light emitting element 110 can be radiated to the metal substrate through the insulating film. Therefore, high thermal conductivity can be realized.
- light leaking from the light emitting element 110 toward the substrate surface of the metal substrate can be reflected by the insulating layer. Therefore, high thermal conductivity and high light reflectivity can be realized.
- the metal substrate is made of aluminum having a low melting point
- a zirconia-based ceramic that is sintered at a sintering temperature lower than the melting point of aluminum, the ceramic substrate is maintained while maintaining the shape of the metal substrate. Can be sintered to the surface.
- a light emitting element 110 On the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150, a light emitting element 110, a light reflecting resin frame 130, and a sealing resin 140 are provided. Further, a wiring pattern including an anode conductor wiring 160, a cathode conductor wiring 165, and an anode electrode 170 and a cathode electrode 180 as land portions is formed on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150. An alignment mark 190, a polarity mark 195, and the like are directly formed.
- the wiring pattern includes a silver layer and a nickel layer, and the nickel layer is formed on the silver layer.
- the silver layer is formed on the substrate 100 (the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150).
- An Au layer (gold layer) 120 is formed on the wiring pattern.
- a wiring pattern may be formed by forming a silver nanoparticle paste layer on the silver layer and further forming a nickel layer on the silver nanoparticle paste layer.
- the wiring pattern may be formed by forming a nickel layer on the silver layer and further forming a palladium layer on the nickel layer.
- the wiring pattern may include a base metal layer such as a base nickel layer or a base gold layer as a base of the gold layer 120.
- a protective element (not shown) connected in parallel with a circuit in which a plurality of light emitting elements 110 are connected in series is provided on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150 as a resistance element for protecting the light emitting elements 110 from electrostatic withstand voltage. Further, it may be formed.
- the protective element can be formed by, for example, a printing resistor or a Zener diode. When a Zener diode is used as the protective element, the Zener diode is die-bonded on the wiring pattern and further electrically connected to a desired wiring by wire bonding. Also in this case, the Zener diode is connected in parallel to a circuit in which a plurality of light emitting elements 110 are connected in series.
- the light emitting element 110 is a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), and in this embodiment, a blue light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of around 450 nm is used.
- the configuration of the light emitting element 110 is not limited to this, and for example, an ultraviolet (near ultraviolet) light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of 390 nm to 420 nm may be used. By using the above ultraviolet (near ultraviolet) light emitting element, the luminous efficiency can be further improved.
- a plurality (20 in this embodiment) of light emitting elements 110 are mounted at predetermined positions that can satisfy a predetermined light emission amount on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150.
- Electrical connection of the light emitting element 110 (such as the anode conductor wiring 160 and the cathode conductor wiring 165) is performed by wire bonding using wires.
- a gold wire can be used as the wire.
- the light reflecting resin frame 130 forms an annular (arc-shaped) light reflecting resin frame 130 made of an alumina filler-containing silicone resin.
- the material of the light reflecting resin frame 130 is not limited to this, and any insulating resin having light reflecting characteristics may be used.
- the shape of the light reflecting resin frame 130 is not limited to an annular shape (arc shape), and may be an arbitrary shape. The same applies to the shapes of the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, and the protection element.
- the sealing resin 140 is a sealing resin layer made of a translucent resin, and is formed by being filled in a region surrounded by the light reflecting resin frame 130 as shown in FIG. The element 110, the wire, and the like are sealed.
- the sealing resin 140 may contain a phosphor.
- a phosphor that is excited by the primary light emitted from the light emitting element 110 and emits light having a longer wavelength than the primary light is used.
- the configuration of the phosphor is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the desired white chromaticity. For example, as a combination of daylight white color or light bulb color, a combination of YAG yellow phosphor and (Sr, Ca) AlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor, a combination of YAG yellow phosphor and CaAlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor, etc. Can be used.
- a combination of (Sr, Ca) AlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor and Ca 3 (Sc, Mg) 2 Si 3 O 12 : Ce green phosphor can be used.
- the combination of another fluorescent substance may be used and the structure containing only a YAG yellow fluorescent substance as pseudo white may be used.
- the Au conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, and the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode 180 as land portions are arranged on the wiring pattern.
- a layer 120 is formed.
- the light emitting element 110 and electrode portions (the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode) for connecting the light emitting device 30 to an external wiring (or an external device) are formed on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150.
- a frame portion made of light-reflective resin formed so as to surround the region that is formed, and a member (in a region surrounded by the frame portion (light-reflective resin frame 130))
- a ceramic insulating film 150 having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m is formed on one surface of a substrate 100 made of aluminum by a printing method. Specifically, after a ceramic coating is printed on one surface of the substrate 100 (film thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more), the ceramic insulating film 150 is formed through a drying process and a firing process. As the ceramic coating, it is preferable to use a coating that exhibits electrical insulation, high thermal conductivity, and high light reflectivity after the firing step. Further, the ceramic paint includes a caking agent for attaching the ceramic paint to the substrate 100, a resin for facilitating printing, and a solvent for maintaining the viscosity.
- the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode 180 as the land portion, the alignment mark 190, and the polarity mark 195 are formed on the ceramic insulating film 150 by a screen printing method.
- a wiring pattern including the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, and the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode 180 as land portions is formed as follows. First, silver resin paste printing is performed. Next, an electroless plating treatment is performed on the silver resin paste to form a nickel layer. In this way, the wiring pattern is formed.
- the said wiring pattern is formed. It may be formed. Alternatively, the wiring pattern may be formed by forming a silver layer on the substrate 100, forming a nickel layer on the silver layer, and further forming a palladium layer on the nickel layer. In any case, instead of forming a silver layer directly on the substrate 100 (the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150), a base metal layer such as a base nickel layer or a base gold layer is used as a base for the gold layer on the substrate. After forming, a gold layer may be formed on the base metal layer.
- an Au layer 120 is formed on the wiring pattern by electroless plating. Thereby, it can prevent that the silver wiring of a wiring pattern oxidizes. In order to obtain the same effect, a Pd / Au layer (a two-layer film made of a palladium layer and a gold layer) may be formed on the wiring pattern.
- the plurality of light emitting elements 110 are fixed on the ceramic insulating film 150 using a resin paste. In addition, each light emitting element 110 is connected by a wire, and the conductor wirings 160 and 165 and the light emitting element 110 are wire-bonded for electrical connection.
- a light reflecting resin frame 130 is formed on the substrate 100, the anode conductor wiring 160, and the cathode conductor wiring 165 so as to surround the periphery of the mounting region of the light emitting element 110.
- the formation method of the light reflection resin frame 130 is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be used.
- the sealing resin 140 is filled in the region surrounded by the light reflecting resin frame 130, and the ceramic insulating film 150, the light emitting element 110, the wire, and the like in the region are sealed.
- the reflectance of the ceramic insulating film 150 formed in this embodiment is about 4% higher than the reflectance of the substrate 100 made of aluminum.
- the thickness of the ceramic insulating film 150 is determined based on the reflectance and the dielectric strength voltage. If the ceramic insulating film 150 is too thick, cracks may occur. If the ceramic insulating film 150 is too thin, sufficient reflectance and dielectric strength may not be obtained. For this reason, the thickness of the ceramic insulating film 150 formed on the substrate 100 is 20 ⁇ m or more in order to ensure the reflectance in the visible light region and the insulation between the light emitting element 110 and the substrate 100 and to prevent the occurrence of cracks. It is preferably 130 or less, and more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the ceramic insulating film 150 having a single layer structure is formed on the substrate 100.
- the multilayered ceramic insulating film 150 including a plurality of ceramic layers is formed on the substrate 100.
- the Au layer is formed immediately above the wiring pattern including the silver layer and the nickel layer.
- the Au layer is formed immediately above the wiring pattern including the silver layer, the silver nanoparticle paste layer, and the nickel layer.
- FIG. 3A is a top view showing an example of the configuration of the light-emitting device 10 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC shown in FIG.
- the light emitting device 10 includes a substrate 100, a light emitting element (semiconductor light emitting element) 110, a light reflecting resin frame 130, a sealing resin 140, and a multilayer ceramic insulating film 150.
- the light emitting device 10 has a (i) multilayer structure in which the ceramic insulating film 150 includes a ceramic layer (first ceramic layer) 150b having high thermal conductivity and a ceramic layer (second ceramic layer) 150a having high light reflectivity.
- the light emission of the first embodiment is that (ii) the outer shape of the substrate 100 is a square, and (iii) a wiring pattern including a silver nanoparticle paste layer is formed between the silver layer and the nickel layer. Although it is different from the apparatus 30, the other configuration is substantially the same.
- the substrate 100 is a substrate made of a material having high thermal conductivity.
- substrate 100 is not specifically limited,
- substrate which consists of metals, such as aluminum and copper, can be used.
- an aluminum substrate is used as in the first embodiment.
- the ceramic insulating film 150 is a film having a multilayer structure in which a high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b and a high light reflective ceramic layer 150a are stacked on the substrate 100.
- the ceramic insulating film 150 having high thermal conductivity and high light reflectivity is formed by laminating the above two different ceramic layers to form a multilayer structure.
- the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b and the high light reflection ceramic layer 150a are preferably formed by forming the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b on the substrate 100 and forming the high light reflection ceramic layer 150a thereon.
- it is preferable that at least one of the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b and the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a has electrical insulation.
- a light emitting element 110 On the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150, a light emitting element 110, a light reflecting resin frame 130, and a sealing resin 140 are provided. Further, a wiring pattern including an anode conductor wiring 160, a cathode conductor wiring 165, and an anode electrode 170 and a cathode electrode 180 as land portions is formed on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150. An alignment mark 190, a polarity mark 195, and the like are directly formed. Then, as a wiring pattern, a silver layer is formed, a layer of silver nanoparticle paste containing nano-sized silver particles is formed on the silver layer, and further, nickel is electrolessly plated on the silver nanoparticle paste layer. A layer is formed. An Au layer (gold layer) 120 is formed by electroless plating on the nickel layer which is the surface layer of the wiring pattern.
- a protective element (not shown) connected in parallel with a circuit in which a plurality of light emitting elements 110 are connected in series is provided on the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150 as a resistance element for protecting the light emitting elements 110 from electrostatic withstand voltage. Further, it may be formed.
- the protective element can be formed by, for example, a printing resistor or a Zener diode. When a Zener diode is used as the protective element, the Zener diode is die-bonded on the wiring pattern and further electrically connected to a desired wiring by wire bonding. Also in this case, the Zener diode is connected in parallel to a circuit in which a plurality of light emitting elements 110 are connected in series.
- the light emitting element 110 is a semiconductor light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), and in this embodiment, a blue light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of around 450 nm is used.
- the configuration of the light emitting element 110 is not limited to this, and for example, an ultraviolet (near ultraviolet) light emitting element having an emission peak wavelength of 390 nm to 420 nm may be used. By using the above ultraviolet (near ultraviolet) light emitting element, the luminous efficiency can be further improved.
- a plurality of light emitting elements 110 are mounted on the surface of the highly light-reflective ceramic layer 150a at predetermined positions that satisfy a predetermined light emission amount. Electrical connection of the light emitting element 110 (such as the anode conductor wiring 160 and the cathode conductor wiring 165) is performed by wire bonding using wires. For example, a gold wire can be used as the wire.
- the light reflecting resin frame 130 forms an annular (arc-shaped) light reflecting resin frame 130 made of an alumina filler-containing silicone resin.
- the material of the light reflecting resin frame 130 is not limited to this, and any insulating resin having light reflecting characteristics may be used.
- the shape of the light reflecting resin frame 130 is not limited to an annular shape (arc shape), and may be an arbitrary shape. The same applies to the shapes of the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, and the protection element.
- the sealing resin 140 is a sealing resin layer made of a translucent resin, and is formed by filling a region surrounded by the light reflecting resin frame 130, and seals the ceramic insulating film 150, the light emitting element 110, the wire, and the like. Stop.
- the sealing resin 140 may contain a phosphor.
- a phosphor that is excited by the primary light emitted from the light emitting element 110 and emits light having a longer wavelength than the primary light is used.
- the configuration of the phosphor is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected according to the desired white chromaticity. For example, as a combination of daylight white color or light bulb color, a combination of YAG yellow phosphor and (Sr, Ca) AlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor, a combination of YAG yellow phosphor and CaAlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor, etc. Can be used.
- a combination of (Sr, Ca) AlSiN 3 : Eu red phosphor and Ca 3 (Sc, Mg) 2 Si 3 O 12 : Ce green phosphor can be used.
- the combination of another fluorescent substance may be used and the structure containing only a YAG yellow fluorescent substance as pseudo white may be used.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of the light emitting device 10.
- a high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m is formed on one surface of a substrate 100 made of aluminum by a printing method. Specifically, after a ceramic coating to be the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b is printed on one surface of the substrate 100 (film thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more), the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b is formed through a drying step and a firing step. .
- the ceramic coating material the coating material which shows high heat conductivity after a baking process is used.
- the ceramic paint includes a caking agent for attaching the ceramic paint to the substrate 100, a resin for facilitating printing, and a solvent for maintaining the viscosity. Note that the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b may be formed on the one surface of the substrate 100 by applying ceramic spray.
- a high light reflective ceramic layer 150a having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m is formed on the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b by a printing method. Specifically, after a ceramic coating that becomes the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a is printed on the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b (film thickness of 20 ⁇ m or more), it is formed through a drying step and a firing step.
- the ceramic coating material the coating material which shows high light reflectivity after a baking process is used.
- the ceramic paint includes a caking agent for attaching the ceramic paint to the substrate 100, a resin for facilitating printing, and a solvent for maintaining the viscosity.
- the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a may be formed on the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b by applying a ceramic spray on the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b.
- the silver conductor portions 160a and 165a of the anode conductor wiring 160 and the cathode conductor wiring 165 and the alignment mark 190 are silver resin on the ceramic insulating film 150 (high light reflective ceramic layer 150a). It is formed by paste printing (see FIG. 4A). Thereafter, the silver layer portions (170a, 180a) of the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode 180 as the land portions and the polarity mark 195 are formed by silver resin paste printing (see FIG. 4B).
- a silver nanoparticle paste layer 122 containing nanosized silver particles is formed on each of the silver resin paste 160a, the silver resin paste 165a, the silver resin paste 170a, and the silver resin paste 180a.
- a nickel layer 123 is formed on each of the nanoparticle paste layers 122.
- the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, the anode electrode 170, and the cathode electrode 180 are formed (see FIG. 4C).
- the layers constituting the wiring pattern are, in order from the lower layer, silver layer / silver nanoparticle paste layer / nickel layer, but a palladium layer may be further formed on the nickel layer.
- the layers constituting the wiring pattern are, in order from the lower layer, silver layer / silver nanoparticle paste layer / nickel layer / palladium layer.
- an Au layer 120 is formed on the wiring pattern (see FIG. 4D). Thereby, it can prevent that the silver wiring of a wiring pattern oxidizes.
- the Ni nanoparticle paste is formed on the layer of the Ag nanoparticle paste as in this embodiment.
- the plating property is better when the / Au layer or the Ni / Pd / Au layer is formed by electroless plating. This is due to the catalyst imparting property of the Ag nanoparticle paste.
- the plurality of light emitting elements 110 are fixed on the ceramic insulating film 150 (high light reflective ceramic layer 150a) using a resin paste. Further, the light emitting elements 110 are connected by wires, and the conductor wirings 160 and 165 and the light emitting elements 110 are wire-bonded in order to electrically connect them (see FIG. 4E).
- a light reflecting resin frame 130 is formed on the substrate 100, the anode conductor wiring 160, and the cathode conductor wiring 165 so as to surround the periphery of the mounting region of the light emitting element 110.
- the formation method of the light reflection resin frame 130 is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be used.
- the sealing resin 140 is filled in the region surrounded by the light reflecting resin frame 130, and the ceramic insulating film 150, the light emitting element 110, the wire, and the like in the region are sealed (see FIG. 4F).
- the reflectance (reflectance of light having a wavelength of 450 nm) of the ceramic insulating film 150 (highly light-reflective ceramic layer 150a) formed in this embodiment is about 4% as compared with the reflectance of the substrate 100 made of aluminum. high.
- the thickness of the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a and the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b is too thick, cracks may occur. If the thickness is too thin, sufficient light reflection characteristics, thermal conductivity, and dielectric strength can be obtained. It may not be possible. For this reason, in the present embodiment, in consideration of characteristics required for the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a and the high thermal conductivity ceramic layer 150b (high light reflectivity, high thermal conductivity, withstand voltage), and prevention of occurrence of cracks, The thickness of each of these layers was 50 ⁇ m. In addition, when it is desired to prioritize one of the characteristics of high light reflectivity or high thermal conductivity, the thickness of any layer may be set thick.
- the thickness of each layer should be set to 10 ⁇ m or more and 65 ⁇ m or less, respectively. Is preferable, and is more preferably set to 25 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. In order to prevent the occurrence of cracks more reliably, the total thickness of the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a and the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b is preferably set to 100 ⁇ m or more and 130 ⁇ m or less.
- the multilayered ceramic insulating film 150 including the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b and the high light reflective ceramic layer 150a is formed on the substrate 100.
- the light emitting device according to the present embodiment has a multilayer structure including a silver (Ag) layer for imparting light reflectivity and a high thermal conductivity ceramic layer on a substrate.
- the silver layer of the wiring pattern including the anode conductor wiring 160, the cathode conductor wiring 165, and the anode electrode 170 and the cathode electrode 180 as land portions is formed by silver resin paste printing. Furthermore, the nickel layer of the wiring pattern was formed on the silver layer. On the other hand, in this embodiment, a gold layer serving as a base is formed by Au resin paste printing as a wiring pattern.
- FIG. 5A is a top view showing a configuration example of the light emitting device 20 according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD shown in FIG.
- the light emitting device 20 includes a substrate 100, a light emitting element (semiconductor light emitting element) 110, a light reflecting resin frame 130, a sealing resin 140, a silver (Ag) layer 150c, and a high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b. It has.
- a high heat conductive ceramic layer (high heat dissipation ceramic layer) 150b (ceramic insulating film 150) is formed on the surface of a silver (Ag) layer 150c having high light reflectivity.
- a male screw (screw member) 205 for fixing the light emitting device 20 to a heat sink (not shown) is formed on the back side of the substrate 100, and (iii) the outer shape of the substrate 100 is a hexagon.
- the base gold layer is formed by Au resin paste printing as the wiring pattern, and (v) Nano-sized gold (Au) is used as the gold layer on the wiring pattern (base gold layer).
- a multilayer structure including a silver (Ag) layer 150c formed by plating on the substrate 100 and a high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b formed by a printing method on the silver layer 150c is formed.
- a ceramic material that has electrical insulation and does not absorb light emitted from the light emitting element 110 (light transmittance) is used as the high thermal conductive ceramic layer 150b.
- the surface of the silver layer 150c is highly thermally conductive. Since it coat
- the above configuration in which the wiring pattern is covered with the Au nanoparticle paste layer 124 can prevent the wiring of the wiring pattern from being deteriorated by oxidation.
- the light emitting device 20 includes a male screw 205 for attaching the light emitting device 20 to a heat sink (not shown) on a part of the back surface of the substrate 100. Thereby, the light-emitting device 20 can be firmly attached to the heat sink.
- the male screw 205 may be integrally formed with the substrate 100 or may be attached to the substrate 100 by welding or the like.
- the material of the male screw 205 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a material having high thermal conductivity in order to improve heat dissipation to the heat sink.
- the outer shape of the substrate 100 is a hexagon.
- the light emitting device 20 can be firmly attached to the heat sink with the male screw 205 by tightening the substrate 100 with a tool such as a wrench or spanner.
- the outer shape of the substrate 100 is not limited to a hexagon, and may be other polygons such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, an octagon, a circle or an ellipse, or other shapes. There may be.
- it is preferable that at least a part of the outer shape of the substrate 100 is a linear shape.
- this embodiment demonstrated the structure provided with the silver layer 150c as a light reflection layer, it is not restricted to this, for example, the structure which has a metal layer which has light reflectivity other than silver as a light reflection layer It is good.
- the manufacturing method of the light emitting device 20 is not described in detail, as one of the differences from the manufacturing method of the light emitting device 10, the manufacturing method of the light emitting device 20 is to form a gold layer on the wiring pattern by electroless plating. It replaces with the process of Embodiment 2 to perform, and the point which includes the process of forming the layer of a gold nanoparticle paste on a wiring pattern is mentioned.
- the base gold layer is formed by Au resin paste printing as the wiring pattern.
- the base gold layer not the base gold layer but the base nickel layer is formed as the wiring pattern.
- Nickel resin paste printing is mentioned as a formation method of a base nickel layer. In this case, the material cost can be reduced as compared with the case where Au resin paste printing is performed.
- the configuration of the light emitting device according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the light emitting device 20 according to the third embodiment, except that a base nickel layer is formed as a wiring pattern by Ni resin paste printing.
- a wiring pattern is formed by forming a nickel layer on the substrate 100 (the surface of the ceramic insulating film 150).
- a nickel layer is formed on the substrate 100, and further on the nickel layer.
- a wiring pattern may be formed by forming a palladium layer.
- a wiring pattern may be formed by forming a primer on the substrate 100 and replacing the primer with nickel.
- the primer may be patterned by ink jet or flexographic printing.
- the formation of nickel the formation of nickel from the primer may be promoted by causing a catalyst (for example, a palladium catalyst) to act on the primer.
- the ceramic insulating film in the first to third embodiments is preferably zirconia ceramic.
- a metal material having a relatively high melting point such as aluminum (at least a temperature higher than the sintering temperature of the zirconia-based ceramic) is used as the material for the metal substrate.
- a zirconia ceramic that is sintered at a sintering temperature lower than the melting point there is an effect that the ceramic can be sintered on the surface of the metal substrate while maintaining the shape of the metal substrate.
- the ceramic insulating film desirably has thermal conductivity and light reflectivity as in the first to third embodiments, it does not have to have thermal conductivity and light reflectivity.
- the ceramic on the metal plate may be a ceramic that does not require sintering.
- the sintering step can be omitted, and a desired electronic circuit board can be obtained at low cost.
- a surface treatment step of roughening the surface of the ceramic by irradiation with an inert gas such as argon may be added before the wiring is formed on the ceramic. Thereby, the adhesiveness of the wiring to the ceramic is improved, and a highly reliable electronic circuit board can be obtained.
- the surface of the ceramic insulating film may be subjected to a plating primer treatment.
- the Au layer 120 may be formed on the wiring pattern by applying Ni plating to the surface of the ceramic insulating film (plating primer layer) after the plating primer treatment and further applying Au plating.
- Ni plating is applied to the surface of the ceramic insulating film (plating primer layer) after the plating primer treatment, then Pd plating is applied, and Au plating is further applied to form Ni on the ceramic insulating film.
- a / Pd / Au layer may be formed.
- These Ni layer, Pd layer and Au layer on the plating primer layer may be formed using electroless plating.
- the plating primer layer may contain palladium as a plating catalyst primer.
- the plating primer layer may be patterned by ink jet or flexographic printing.
- the manufacturing process can be simplified as compared with the case where Au resin paste printing is performed.
- the circuit board includes a metal plate, a ceramic insulating film, a wiring pattern, and a gold layer formed on the wiring pattern. Since the circuit board includes a metal plate, the circuit board is excellent in heat dissipation. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently release the heat generated by the light emitting element, which can contribute to extending the life of the light emitting element. This high heat dissipation circuit board can obtain the same effect when, for example, an element that generates heat such as a power semiconductor is mounted.
- the ceramic insulating film 150 may be formed by baking and hardening a ceramic with a glass binder. Alternatively, the ceramic insulating film 150 may be formed by baking and hardening a ceramic with a binder made of a material other than glass.
- the light emitting device includes the substrate (substrate 100) and the light emitting element (light emitting element 110) disposed on the substrate.
- a wiring pattern electrically connected to the light emitting element is formed on the substrate, and a gold layer (Au layer 120, Au nanoparticle paste) is formed on the wiring pattern.
- the layer 124) is formed.
- the wiring pattern of the light emitting device is covered with the gold layer. Therefore, the light emitting device has an effect that deterioration due to oxidation hardly occurs in the wiring.
- the wiring pattern includes a silver layer formed on the substrate, a nickel layer formed on the silver layer, and It is desirable to contain.
- the wiring pattern further includes a palladium layer formed between the nickel layer and the gold layer.
- the wiring pattern further includes a silver nanoparticle paste layer formed between the silver layer and the nickel layer. Is desirable.
- the gold layer is preferably formed of a gold nanoparticle paste layer (layer 124).
- the wiring pattern preferably includes a base metal layer.
- the wiring pattern preferably includes a base nickel layer.
- a light-emitting device is the light-emitting device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the substrate includes a metal plate and a ceramic insulating film formed on the metal plate. Is desirable.
- the metal plate is preferably made of an aluminum material.
- the thermal conductivity of the metal substrate can be set to 230 [W / m ⁇ K].
- the manufacturing cost of the electronic device can be reduced.
- the metal substrate is made of aluminum having a low melting point
- the shape of the metal substrate is maintained by using a zirconia ceramic sintered at a sintering temperature lower than the melting point of aluminum as the material of the insulating layer. The ceramic can be sintered on the metal substrate surface.
- the metal plate is preferably made of a copper material.
- the thermal conductivity of the metal substrate can be set to 398 [W / m ⁇ K].
- the ceramic insulating film has thermal conductivity and light reflectivity.
- a light emitting device in which an insulating layer having excellent thermal conductivity and light reflectivity is formed on a substrate on which a light emitting element is mounted. Moreover, in order to obtain a light-emitting device with a large output, it is necessary to mount a large number of light-emitting elements on the substrate, and it is necessary to increase the area of the substrate. By forming a ceramic insulating film, a light emitting device having high reflectivity and high heat dissipation can be easily realized. According to the above configuration, heat generated in the light emitting element can be radiated to the substrate through the insulating layer. Therefore, high thermal conductivity can be realized.
- the material for the insulating layer as described above include zirconia ceramics described later.
- the ceramic insulating film is preferably a zirconia ceramic.
- a metal material having a relatively high melting point such as aluminum (at least a temperature higher than the sintering temperature of the zirconia-based ceramic) is used as the material for the metal substrate.
- a zirconia ceramic that is sintered at a sintering temperature lower than the melting point there is an effect that the ceramic can be sintered on the surface of the metal substrate while maintaining the shape of the metal substrate.
- a light emitting device is the light emitting device according to any one of the first aspect to the twelfth aspect, wherein the wiring pattern includes a conductor wiring for the anode and a land portion, and a conductor wiring for the cathode. And including a land portion.
- a method for manufacturing a light emitting device includes a step of forming a wiring pattern on a ceramic substrate, and a step of forming a gold layer on the wiring pattern. It is said.
- the said manufacturing method has an effect similar to the light-emitting device which concerns on the 1st aspect of this invention.
- the step of forming the gold layer preferably includes a step of forming a layer of gold nanoparticle paste.
- the step of forming the wiring pattern includes a step of forming a nickel layer.
- the step of forming the wiring pattern further includes a step of forming a palladium layer on the nickel layer. desirable.
- the step of forming the nickel layer includes a step of forming a primer on the ceramic substrate, and a step of forming the primer on the primer. And forming a nickel layer.
- the manufacturing method has the further effect that the light emitting device can be manufactured without using a paste.
- the present invention can be used in a light emitting device including a light emitting element formed on a substrate.
- Substrate 110 Light emitting element 120 Au layer 122 Ag nanoparticle paste layer 123 Nickel layer 124 Au nanoparticle paste layer 130 Light reflecting resin frame 140 Sealing resin 150 Ceramic insulating film 150a High light reflecting ceramic Layer (second ceramic layer) 150b High thermal conductivity ceramic layer (first ceramic layer) 150c Silver layer (metal layer) 160 Anode conductor wiring (wiring) 165 Conductor wiring for cathode (wiring) 170 Anode electrode (electrode part) 180 Cathode electrode (electrode part) 205 Male thread (screw part)
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態では、安価で、加工が容易であり、雰囲気湿度に強いことからアルミニウム製の基板100を用いた。また、本実施形態では基板100の基板面方向の外形形状を六角形としているが、基板100の外形はこれに限るものではなく、任意の閉図形形状を採用することができる。また、閉図形形状は、閉図形の周が、直線のみ、または、曲線のみで構成された閉図形形状であっても良く、閉図形形状は、閉図形の周が、少なくとも1つの直線部および少なくとも1つの曲線部を含む閉図形形状であっても良い。また、閉図形形状は、凸図形形状に限定されず、凹図形形状であっても良い。例えば、直線のみで構成された凸多角形形状の例として、三角形、四角形、五角形、八角形等であってもよく、また、任意の凹多角形形状であっても良い。また、曲線のみで構成された閉図形形状の例として、円形形状または楕円形形状であってもよく、凸曲線形状または凹曲線形状等の閉図形形状であっても良い。さらに、少なくとも1つの直線部および少なくとも1つの曲線部を含む閉図形形状の例として、レーストラック形状などであっても良い。
次に、発光装置30の製造方法について説明する。
本発明の他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1で説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
次に、発光装置10の製造方法について説明する。図4は、発光装置10の製造工程を示す説明図である。
本発明のさらに他の実施形態について説明する。なお、説明の便宜上、実施形態1で説明した部材と同じ機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
実施形態3では配線パターンとして、Au樹脂ペースト印刷により下地金層を形成したが、本実施形態では、配線パターンとして、下地金層ではなく、下地ニッケル層を形成する。下地ニッケル層の形成方法としては、ニッケル樹脂ペースト印刷が挙げられる。この場合、Au樹脂ペースト印刷を行う場合に比べて材料費を低減できる。本実施形態に係る発光装置の構成は、Ni樹脂ペースト印刷により配線パターンとして下地ニッケル層を形成する点を除き、実施形態3にかかる発光装置20と略同様の構成である。
実施形態1~3におけるセラミック絶縁膜はジルコニア系セラミックであることが望ましい。上記の構成によれば、例えば、アルミニウムのように、比較的融点が高い金属材料(少なくともジルコニア系セラミックの焼結温度よりも高い温度)を金属製基板の材料とした場合に、その金属材料の融点よりも低い焼結温度で焼結されるジルコニア系セラミックを用いることで、金属製基板の形を維持しつつセラミックを金属製基板表面に焼結できるという効果がある。なお、実施形態1~3のようにセラミック絶縁膜は、熱伝導性および光反射性を有することが望ましいが、熱伝導性および光反射性を有していなくともよい。
セラミック絶縁膜の表面には鍍金プライマー処理が施されてもよい。この場合、鍍金プライマー処理後のセラミック絶縁膜の表面(鍍金プライマー層)に対して、Ni鍍金を施し、さらに、Au鍍金を施すことにより、配線パターン上にAu層120を形成してもよい。同様に、鍍金プライマー処理後のセラミック絶縁膜の表面(鍍金プライマー層)に対して、Ni鍍金を施し、次に、Pd鍍金を施し、さらに、Au鍍金を施すことにより、セラミック絶縁膜上にNi/Pd/Au層を形成してもよい。鍍金プライマー層上のこれらのNi層、Pd層およびAu層は、無電解鍍金を用いて形成してもよい。また、鍍金プライマー層は、鍍金触媒プライマーとして、パラジウムを含んでいてもよい。また、鍍金プライマー層は、インクジェットまたはフレキソ印刷によりパターン形成されてもよい。
実施形態1~3で説明したように、回路基板は、金属板と、セラミック絶縁膜と、配線パターンと、配線パターン上に形成された金層と、を含んでいる。回路基板は、金属板を含むので、放熱性に優れている。そのため、発光素子が発した熱を効率的に放出することが可能であり、発光素子の長寿命化に貢献できる。この高放熱性の回路基板は、例えば、電力用半導体等の発熱を伴う素子を実装した場合に、同様な効果を得ることができる。
セラミック絶縁膜150は、ガラスのバインダーでセラミックを焼き固めることにより形成されてもよい。あるいは、セラミック絶縁膜150は、ガラス以外の他の素材で出来たバインダーでセラミックを焼き固めることにより形成されてもよい。
以上のように、本発明の第1態様にかかる発光装置(発光装置10、20、30)は、基板(基板100)と、上記基板上に配置された発光素子(発光素子110)と、を備えた発光装置であって、上記基板上には、電気的に上記発光素子と接続された配線パターンが形成されており、上記配線パターン上には、金層(Au層120、Auナノ粒子ペーストの層124)が形成されている、ことを特徴としている。
100 基板
110 発光素子
120 Au層
122 Agナノ粒子ペーストの層
123 ニッケル層
124 Auナノ粒子ペーストの層
130 光反射樹脂枠
140 封止樹脂
150 セラミック絶縁膜
150a 高光反射性セラミック層(第2セラミック層)
150b 高熱伝導性セラミック層(第1セラミック層)
150c 銀層(金属層)
160 アノード用導電体配線(配線)
165 カソード用導電体配線(配線)
170 アノード電極(電極部)
180 カソード電極(電極部)
205 雄ネジ(ネジ部)
Claims (18)
- 基板と、上記基板上に配置された発光素子と、を備えた発光装置であって、
上記基板上には、電気的に上記発光素子と接続された配線パターンが形成されており、
上記配線パターン上には、金層が形成されている、ことを特徴とする発光装置。 - 上記配線パターンは、上記基板上に形成された銀層と、上記銀層の上に形成されたニッケル層と、を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 上記配線パターンは、更に、上記ニッケル層と上記金層との間に形成されたパラジウム層を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の発光装置。
- 上記配線パターンは、更に、上記銀層とニッケル層との間に形成された銀ナノ粒子ペースト層を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項2または3のいずれかに記載の発光装置。
- 上記金層は、金ナノ粒子ペーストの層で形成されている、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光装置。
- 上記配線パターンは、下地金層を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の発光装置。
- 上記配線パターンは、下地ニッケル層を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の発光装置。
- 上記基板は金属板であり、上記金属板上にはセラミック絶縁膜が形成されている、ことを特徴とする、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。
- 上記金属板は、アルミニウム材料で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の発光装置。
- 上記金属板は、銅材料で構成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の発光装置。
- 上記セラミック絶縁膜は熱伝導性および光反射性を有する、ことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の発光装置。
- 上記セラミック絶縁膜はジルコニア系セラミックである、ことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の発光装置。
- 上記配線パターンは、アノード用の導電体配線およびランド部、並びに、カソード用の導電体配線およびランド部を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする、請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の発光装置。
- 配線パターンをセラミック基板上に形成する工程と、
上記配線パターン上に金層を形成する工程と、を含んでいることを特徴とする発光装置の製造方法。 - 上記金層を形成する工程は、金ナノ粒子ペーストの層を形成する工程を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の発光装置の製造方法。
- 上記配線パターンを形成する工程は、ニッケル層を形成する工程を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の発光装置の製造方法。
- 上記配線パターンを形成する工程は、さらに、上記ニッケル層上にパラジウム層を形成する工程を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする、請求項16に記載の発光装置の製造方法。
- 上記ニッケル層を形成する工程は、上記セラミック基板上にプライマーを形成する工程と、上記プライマー上にニッケル層を形成する工程と、を含んでいる、ことを特徴とする、請求項16または17に記載の発光装置の製造方法。
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20150316242A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
| JP6092266B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
| CN104969372B (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
| JPWO2014122971A1 (ja) | 2017-01-26 |
| CN104969372A (zh) | 2015-10-07 |
| US9726357B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
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