WO2014199990A1 - 誘導体多層膜フィルム - Google Patents
誘導体多層膜フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014199990A1 WO2014199990A1 PCT/JP2014/065363 JP2014065363W WO2014199990A1 WO 2014199990 A1 WO2014199990 A1 WO 2014199990A1 JP 2014065363 W JP2014065363 W JP 2014065363W WO 2014199990 A1 WO2014199990 A1 WO 2014199990A1
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- refractive index
- multilayer film
- dielectric multilayer
- layer
- hard coat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/18—Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/281—Interference filters designed for the infrared light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
- G02B5/283—Interference filters designed for the ultraviolet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/202—Conductive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a derivative multilayer film.
- a dielectric multilayer film in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are laminated by adjusting the optical film thickness selectively reflects light of a specific wavelength theoretically. It has been.
- a film having such a dielectric multilayer film is used as, for example, a heat ray shielding film installed on a building window or a vehicle member.
- Such a heat ray shielding film transmits visible light and selectively shields near infrared rays, but the reflection wavelength can be controlled only by adjusting the film thickness and refractive index of each layer. Can be reflected.
- a method of forming a dielectric multilayer film there is generally a method of laminating by a dry film forming method, but formation of a dielectric multilayer film by a dry film forming method is not practical because it requires a lot of manufacturing costs.
- Practical methods include a method of applying and laminating a coating solution containing a mixture of a water-soluble resin and inorganic fine particles by a wet coating method (for example, see International Publication No. 2012/014607), or laminating a resin film.
- a method for example, JP-T-2008-528313 (see International Publication No. 2006/074168).
- a compound having a photocatalytic action such as titanium oxide or zirconium oxide is used as the refractive index adjusting agent contained in the high refractive index layer. Therefore, when such a dielectric multilayer film is left outdoors for a long period of time, the high refractive index layer becomes brittle due to the photocatalytic action of the refractive index adjusting agent, resulting in a high refractive index contained in the dielectric multilayer film. The phenomenon that the layers constituting the dielectric multilayer film such as the hard coat layer provided on the uppermost layer of the film, the low refractive index layer, and the film are peeled off, and the weather resistance adhesion is lowered. In such a dielectric multilayer film containing a compound having a photocatalytic action, improvement in weather resistance adhesion has been demanded.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for improving weather resistance adhesion in a dielectric multilayer film containing a compound having a photocatalytic action.
- a dielectric multilayer film obtained by laminating a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer contains a compound having a photocatalytic action A dielectric multilayer film having a hard coat layer, wherein the dielectric multilayer film is divided into two equal parts in the thickness direction, and the volume shrinkage of the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer and the hard coat.
- the present invention includes a dielectric multilayer film in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are laminated, and a hard coat layer, and at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is a photocatalyst.
- FIG. 1 is a substrate
- 2 is a low refractive index layer
- 3 is a high refractive index layer
- 4A is a dielectric multilayer film
- 5A is an intermediate layer
- 6A is a hard coat layer.
- 2 in FIG. 2 is a substrate
- 2 is a low refractive index layer
- 3 is a high refractive index layer
- 4A and 4B are dielectric multilayers
- 5A and 5B are intermediate layers
- 6A and 6B is a hard coat layer
- 10 is the sun.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention includes a dielectric multilayer film including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and a hard coat layer, and at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer Contains a compound having a photocatalytic action, and when the dielectric multilayer film is divided into two equal parts in the thickness direction, the volume shrinkage of the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer and the volume of the hard coat layer A difference from the shrinkage rate (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a difference in volume shrinkage rate) is 0.1% or more and less than 10%.
- the compound having the photocatalytic action When a dielectric multilayer film containing a compound having a photocatalytic action is irradiated with sunlight, the compound having the photocatalytic action may be catalyzed by ultraviolet rays, and the surrounding resin may be decomposed. Further, it was found that the phenomenon that the hard coat layer is denatured by ultraviolet irradiation, the shrinkage force of the hard coat layer is increased, and each layer constituting the dielectric multilayer film is peeled off.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention has a structure in which the dielectric multilayer film of the side half far from the hard coat layer when the dielectric multilayer film containing a compound having a photocatalytic action is equally divided into two in the thickness direction.
- the difference between the volume shrinkage rate and the volume shrinkage rate of the hard coat layer is 0.1% or more and less than 10%.
- ⁇ is used to mean that the numerical values described before and after it are included as a lower limit value and an upper limit value.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the layer structure of the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention.
- the dielectric multilayer film shown in FIG. 1 has a dielectric multilayer film 4A in which a plurality of low refractive index layers 2 and high refractive index layers 3 are alternately laminated on a base material 1, for example, a transparent resin base material. On top of this, the intermediate layer 5A and the hard coat layer 6A are provided on the outermost surface.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the layer structure of the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention.
- the dielectric multilayer film 4B, the intermediate layer 5B, and the hard coat layer 6B are also formed on the opposite surface of the substrate 1 on which the dielectric multilayer film 4A, the intermediate layer 5A, and the hard coat layer 6A are provided. Is provided.
- the hard coat layer 6B is disposed on a window glass or the like, the hard coat layer 6B is disposed on the sun 10 side.
- the total thickness of the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention is preferably 40 to 315 ⁇ m, more preferably 50 to 200 ⁇ m, and further preferably 60 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention has a conductive layer, an antistatic layer, a gas barrier layer, and an easy adhesion layer for the purpose of adding further functions under the base material or on the outermost surface layer opposite to the base material.
- Adhesive layer antifouling layer, deodorant layer, droplet layer, slippery layer, hard coat layer, wear-resistant layer, antireflection layer, electromagnetic wave shielding layer, ultraviolet absorption layer, infrared absorption layer, printing layer, fluorescence Light emitting layer, hologram layer, release layer, adhesive layer, adhesive layer, infrared cut layer (metal layer, liquid crystal layer) other than the high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer of the present invention (colored layer (visible light absorbing layer)), combination
- One or more functional layers such as an intermediate film layer used for glass may be included.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention is also used as an ultraviolet shielding film.
- the contents of the constituent elements described below are applied as they are except for the thicknesses of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer. sell.
- the layer thickness of the high refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 nm
- the layer thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 10 to 500 ⁇ m.
- Substrate The derivative multilayer film of the present invention may include a substrate.
- the substrate according to the present invention is preferably a transparent resin film and serves as a support for the dielectric multilayer film.
- the material, thickness, and the like are set so that the value obtained by dividing the heat shrinkage rate of the dielectric multilayer film by the heat shrinkage rate of the base material is in the range of 1 to 3. Those are preferred.
- the thickness of the substrate according to the present invention is preferably 30 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 150 ⁇ m, and further preferably 35 to 125 ⁇ m. If the thickness is 30 ⁇ m or more, wrinkles during handling are less likely to occur, and if the thickness is 200 ⁇ m or less, for example, the followability to a curved transparent substrate is good when bonded to a transparent substrate. Wrinkles are less likely to occur.
- the base material according to the present invention is preferably a biaxially stretched polyester film, but an unstretched or at least one stretched polyester film can also be used.
- a stretched film is preferable from the viewpoint of strength improvement and thermal expansion suppression. In particular, when used as a windshield of an automobile, a stretched film is more preferable.
- polyesters terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol component, ethylene glycol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol are used as dicarboxylic acid components in terms of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc.
- Polyester as the main constituent is preferred.
- polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used.
- Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention includes a base material
- the dielectric multilayer film and the hard coat layer described later may be formed on at least one surface of the base material and formed on both surfaces of the base material. May be.
- the dielectric multilayer film according to the present invention includes a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer.
- the dielectric multilayer film according to the present invention expresses a function of reflecting sunlight, infrared rays, visible rays, or ultraviolet rays, and at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer has a photocatalytic action.
- the thickness per layer of the high refractive index layer is preferably 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably 50 to 500 nm.
- the thickness of the low refractive index layer per layer is preferably 20 to 800 nm, and more preferably 50 to 500 nm.
- the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may have a clear interface between them, or may have a structure in which the composition changes continuously.
- the maximum refractive index minus the minimum refractive index ⁇ n in the region where the respective layers are mixed and the refractive index continuously changes.
- a point of refractive index + ⁇ n / 2 is regarded as a layer interface. The same applies to the layer thickness of the low refractive index layer described later.
- the profile of the refractive index adjusting agent of the dielectric multilayer film formed by laminating the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is etched from the surface to the depth direction using the sputtering method, and the XPS surface Using an analyzer, the outermost surface can be set to 0 nm, sputtered at a rate of 0.5 nm / min, and the atomic composition ratio can be measured. It is also possible to confirm the cut surface by cutting the laminated film and measuring the atomic composition ratio with an XPS surface analyzer. In the mixed region, when the concentration of the refractive index adjusting agent changes discontinuously, the boundary can be confirmed by a tomographic photograph using an electron microscope (TEM).
- TEM electron microscope
- the XPS surface analyzer is not particularly limited and any model can be used.
- ESCALAB-200R manufactured by VG Scientific, Inc. can be used.
- Mg is used for the X-ray anode, and measurement is performed at an output of 600 W (acceleration voltage: 15 kV, emission current: 40 mA).
- the total number of layers is preferably 6 to 50 layers, more preferably 8 to 40 layers, and further preferably 9 to 30 layers. Further, from the viewpoint of infrared reflectance and translucency, and suppression of film peeling and cracking due to heating, the total number of high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers is preferably 11 to 31 layers.
- the difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, still more preferably 0.35 or more, particularly preferably. Is 0.4 or more.
- the outermost layer and the lowermost layer a configuration outside the above preferred range may be used.
- the reflectance in a specific wavelength region is determined by the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers and the number of layers, and the larger the difference in refractive index, the same reflectance can be obtained with a smaller number of layers.
- the refractive index difference and the required number of layers can be calculated using commercially available optical design software. For example, in order to obtain a near-infrared reflectance of 90% or more, if the difference in refractive index is smaller than 0.1, it is necessary to laminate 200 layers or more, which not only decreases productivity but also at the lamination interface. Scattering increases, transparency decreases, and it may be difficult to manufacture without failure. From the standpoint of improving reflectivity and reducing the number of layers, there is no upper limit to the difference in refractive index, but practically about 1.4 is the limit.
- the dielectric multilayer film according to the present invention includes a base material
- a layer configuration in which the lowermost layer adjacent to the base material is a low refractive index layer is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesion to the base material.
- At least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer constituting the dielectric multilayer film contains a compound having a photocatalytic action.
- “at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer” means that a compound having a photocatalytic action is contained in at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer constituting the dielectric multilayer film.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention has a high refractive index layer that does not contain a photocatalytic compound as long as at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer contains a photocatalytic compound. And / or a low refractive index layer not containing a photocatalytic compound.
- At least one of the high refractive index layers includes a compound having a photocatalytic action, and more preferably, all layers of the high refractive index layer are photocatalysts. It is a form containing a compound having an action.
- the “compound having photocatalytic action” means a compound that exhibits catalytic action or some chemical change when irradiated with light.
- a dielectric multilayer film containing such a compound having a photocatalytic action by setting the difference in volume shrinkage to a specific range, a derivative multilayer film excellent in weather resistance adhesion Become.
- Examples of the compound having a photocatalytic action include inorganic compounds and organic compounds.
- the metal oxide particle etc. which are used as a 1st refractive index regulator contained in the below-mentioned high refractive index layer and a 2nd refractive index regulator contained in a low-refractive-index layer etc. are mentioned, for example.
- the organic compound include benzoin and derivatives thereof, acetophenone, benzophenone, hydroxybenzophenone, Michler's ketone, ⁇ -amyloxime ester, thioxanthone, and derivatives thereof, n-butylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylphosphine, and the like.
- Sensitizers can also be used. It is not limited to these, but includes all substances that generate active substances such as radicals and cations upon irradiation with light.
- the difference between the volume shrinkage ratio of the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer and the volume shrinkage ratio of the hard coat layer is 0.1. % Or more and less than 10%.
- each refractive index layer is thin and the volume shrinkage ratio is not so large. Therefore, if the difference in volume shrinkage ratio is made less than 0.1%, the volume shrinkage ratio of the hard coat layer is reduced. It will be. In that case, the crosslink density of the hard coat layer must be reduced, and the desired scratch resistance of the hard coat layer cannot be obtained.
- the difference in volume shrinkage is 10% or more, the weather resistance adhesion is lowered.
- the difference in volume shrinkage is preferably 1% to 7%, more preferably 1% to 5%.
- the volume shrinkage rate of the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer and the volume shrinkage rate of the hard coat layer are defined as follows.
- volume shrinkage of dielectric multilayer film is measured by measuring the specific gravity of the resin contained in the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in accordance with JIS Z8807: 2012 and assuming the density of water to be 1 g / cm 3. And this value was made into the resin density (g / cm ⁇ 3 >) before hardening.
- the resin density after curing was calculated according to the following procedure.
- a high refractive index layer coating solution or a low refractive index layer coating solution is applied to polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m and dried to obtain a coating film.
- the weight (g), area (cm 2 ), and film thickness ( ⁇ m) of this coating film are measured, and the resin density (g / cm 3 ) after curing is calculated.
- the volume shrinkage is calculated by the following mathematical formula (1).
- the volume shrinkage ratio is determined by the hard coat layer. After coating and drying the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer for the number of layers on the side half far from the coating layer, the weight and volume of the coating film are measured and calculated by the above method.
- the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer has a refractive index layer formed by extrusion molding of resin as described later
- the specific gravity of the resin constituting the layer is measured, and the density of water is determined. Assuming 1 g / cm 3 , this value is the resin density before curing (g / cm 3 ). Further, the weight (g), area (cm 2 ), and film thickness ( ⁇ m) of the formed film were measured, the resin density was calculated, and this was set as the resin density after curing (g / cm 3 ). . From the resin density before curing and the resin density after curing, the volume shrinkage is calculated by the above mathematical formula (1).
- the volumetric shrinkage rate is calculated in a form including the layer divided into two parts.
- the dielectric multilayer film has a high refractive index layer not containing a photocatalytic compound and / or a low refractive index layer not containing a photocatalytic compound
- the side closest to the hard coat layer in the dielectric multilayer film And a layer having a photocatalytic action and located on the farthest side from the hard coat layer are divided into two equal parts in the thickness direction.
- the dielectric multilayer film is formed on both surfaces of the base material and the hard coat layer is formed only on one surface of the dielectric multilayer film, only the dielectric multilayer film on the side where the hard coat layer is formed is used. It shall be divided into two equal parts in the thickness direction.
- the difference in volume shrinkage is far from the hard coat layer formed on the outermost surface opposite to the adhesive layer.
- the volume shrinkage ratio of the hard coat layer is determined by measuring the specific gravity of the resin according to JIS Z8807: 2012, assuming that the density of water is 1 g / cm 3, and this value is the resin density before curing (g / cm 3 ).
- the resin density after curing was calculated according to the following procedure.
- a coating solution for a hard coat layer is applied to polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to obtain a coating film.
- the weight (g), area (cm 2 ), and film thickness ( ⁇ m) of this coating film are measured, and the resin density (g / cm 3 ) after curing is calculated. From the resin density before curing and the resin density after curing, the volume shrinkage is calculated by the above formula.
- the volume shrinkage of the hard coat layer is the volume shrinkage of the hard coat layer formed on the outermost surface opposite to the adhesive layer.
- the configuration of the high refractive index layer according to the present invention is not particularly limited. However, it preferably contains a first water-soluble binder resin and a first refractive index adjuster, the first refractive index adjuster contains a compound having a photocatalytic action, and if necessary, a curing agent, It is preferable that it is the structure containing other binder resin, surfactant, various additives, etc.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer according to the present invention is preferably 1.80 to 2.50, more preferably 1.90 to 2.20.
- the first water-soluble binder resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 200,000, preferably 3,000 to 40,000. More preferably.
- the weight average molecular weight as used in the present invention can be measured by a known method, for example, static light scattering, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MASS), etc.
- the measurement is performed by gel permeation chromatography which is a generally known method.
- the content of the first water-soluble binder resin in the high refractive index layer is preferably 5 to 50% by mass and preferably 10 to 40% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer. Is more preferable.
- the first water-soluble binder resin applied to the high refractive index layer is preferably polyvinyl alcohol. Moreover, it is preferable that the 2nd water-soluble binder resin which exists in the low-refractive-index layer mentioned later is also polyvinyl alcohol.
- polyvinyl alcohol (A) is used as the first water-soluble binder resin used in the high refractive index layer, and polyvinyl alcohol as the second water-soluble binder resin used in the low refractive index layer. Is referred to as polyvinyl alcohol (B).
- each refractive index layer contains a plurality of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees and polymerization degrees
- the polyvinyl alcohol having the highest content in each refractive index layer is changed to polyvinyl alcohol (A ), And polyvinyl alcohol (B) in the low refractive index layer.
- the “degree of saponification” is the ratio of hydroxy groups to the total number of acetyloxy groups (derived from the starting vinyl acetate) and hydroxy groups in polyvinyl alcohol.
- the degree of polymerization is calculated assuming that the polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree difference of 3 mol% or less is the same polyvinyl alcohol. .
- a low polymerization degree polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 1000 or less is a different polyvinyl alcohol (even if there is a polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree difference of 3 mol% or less, it is not regarded as the same polyvinyl alcohol).
- polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of 90 mol%, a saponification degree of 91 mol%, and a saponification degree of 93 mol% is contained in the same layer by 10 mass%, 40 mass%, and 50 mass%, respectively.
- These three polyvinyl alcohols are the same polyvinyl alcohol, and these three mixtures are polyvinyl alcohol (A) or (B).
- the above-mentioned “polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree difference of 3 mol% or less” suffices to be within 3 mol% when attention is paid to any polyvinyl alcohol.
- polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree different by 3 mol% or more is contained in the same layer, it is regarded as a mixture of different polyvinyl alcohols, and the polymerization degree and the saponification degree are calculated for each.
- PVA203 5% by mass
- PVA117 25% by mass
- PVA217 10% by mass
- PVA220 10% by mass
- PVA224 10% by mass
- PVA235 20% by mass
- PVA245 20% by mass
- most contained A large amount of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is a mixture of PVA 217 to 245 (the difference in the degree of saponification of PVA 217 to 245 is within 3 mol%, and thus is the same polyvinyl alcohol), and this mixture is polyvinyl alcohol (A) or ( B).
- the difference in the absolute value of the saponification degree between the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and the polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably 3 mol% or more, and more preferably 5 mol% or more. If it is such a range, since the interlayer mixing state of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer will become a preferable level, it is preferable. Moreover, although the difference of the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) is so preferable that it is separated, it is 20 mol% or less from the viewpoint of the solubility to water of polyvinyl alcohol. It is preferable.
- the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably 75 mol% or more from the viewpoint of solubility in water. Furthermore, between polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B), one of them has a saponification degree of 90 mol% or more and the other is 90 mol% or less. Is preferable for achieving a preferable level. It is more preferable that one of the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and the polyvinyl alcohol (B) has a saponification degree of 95 mol% or more and the other is 90 mol% or less. In addition, although the upper limit of the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol is not specifically limited, Usually, it is less than 100 mol% and is about 99.9 mol% or less.
- the polymerization degree of the two types of polyvinyl alcohols having different saponification degrees is preferably 1000 or more, particularly preferably those having a polymerization degree in the range of 1500 to 5000, more preferably in the range of 2000 to 5000. Those are more preferably used. This is because when the polymerization degree of polyvinyl alcohol is 1000 or more, there is no cracking of the coating film, and when it is 5000 or less, the coating solution is stabilized. In the present specification, “the coating solution is stable” means that the coating solution is stable over time.
- the degree of polymerization of at least one of polyvinyl alcohol (A) and polyvinyl alcohol (B) is in the range of 2000 to 5000, it is preferable because cracks in the coating film are reduced and the reflectance at a specific wavelength is improved. It is preferable that both the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and the polyvinyl alcohol (B) are 2000 to 5000 because the above effects can be more remarkably exhibited.
- the “degree of polymerization” as used in the present invention refers to the viscosity average degree of polymerization, and is measured according to JIS K6726 (1994). PVA is completely re-saponified and purified, and then measured in water at 30 ° C. From [ ⁇ ] (dl / g), it is obtained by the following mathematical formula (2).
- the polyvinyl alcohol (B) contained in the low refractive index layer preferably has a saponification degree in the range of 75 to 90 mol% and a polymerization degree in the range of 2000 to 5000.
- polyvinyl alcohol having such characteristics is contained in the low refractive index layer, it is preferable in that interfacial mixing is further suppressed. This is considered to be because there are few cracks of a coating film and set property improves.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) and (B) used in the present invention may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- Examples of commercially available products used as polyvinyl alcohol (A) and (B) include, for example, PVA-102, PVA-103, PVA-105, PVA-110, PVA-117, PVA-120, PVA-124, PVA -203, PVA-205, PVA-210, PVA-217, PVA-220, PVA-224, PVA-235 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), JC-25, JC-33, JF-03, JF-04 , JPF-05, JP-03, JP-04, JP-05, JP-45 (above, manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Poval Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- the water-soluble binder resin according to the present invention may contain modified polyvinyl alcohol partially modified in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate. Good.
- modified polyvinyl alcohol include cation modified polyvinyl alcohol, anion modified polyvinyl alcohol, nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohol, and vinyl alcohol polymers.
- Examples of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol include primary to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups in the main chain or side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol as described in, for example, JP-A-61-110483. It is obtained by saponifying a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group and vinyl acetate.
- Anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol is described in, for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group as described in JP-A-1-206088, JP-A-61-237681 and JP-A-63-307979.
- examples thereof include a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a vinyl compound having a water-soluble group, and a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a water-soluble group as described in JP-A-7-285265.
- Nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohol includes, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol derivative in which a polyalkylene oxide group is added to a part of vinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-7-9758, and JP-A-8-25795.
- Block copolymer of vinyl compound having hydrophobic group and vinyl alcohol, silanol-modified polyvinyl alcohol having silanol group, reactive group modification having reactive group such as acetoacetyl group, carbonyl group and carboxy group Polyvinyl alcohol etc. are mentioned.
- a polyvinyl alcohol-based water-soluble polymer such as EXEVAL (registered trademark, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) or Nichigo G polymer (registered trademark, manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- Two or more kinds of modified polyvinyl alcohol can be used in combination, such as the degree of polymerization and the type of modification.
- the content of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 30% by mass with respect to the total mass (solid content) of each refractive index layer. If it is such a range, the said effect will be exhibited more.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) having a low saponification degree is used for the high refractive index layer and polyvinyl alcohol (B) having a high saponification degree is used for the low refractive index layer
- the polyvinyl alcohol ( A) is preferably contained in the range of 40% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the layer, more preferably 60% by mass to 95% by mass
- the low refractive index layer The polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably contained in the range of 40% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of all the polyvinyl alcohols in the low refractive index layer, and 60% by mass to 95% by mass. Is more preferable.
- the polyvinyl alcohol (A) having a high saponification degree is used for the high refractive index layer and polyvinyl alcohol (B) having a low saponification degree is used for the low refractive index layer
- the polyvinyl alcohol ( A) is preferably contained in the range of 40% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of all polyvinyl alcohols in the layer, more preferably 60% by mass to 95% by mass
- the low refractive index layer The polyvinyl alcohol (B) is preferably contained in the range of 40% by mass to 100% by mass with respect to the total mass of all the polyvinyl alcohols in the low refractive index layer, and 60% by mass to 95% by mass. More preferred.
- the content is 40% by mass or more, interlayer mixing is suppressed, and the effect of less disturbance of the interface appears remarkably. On the other hand, if content is 100 mass% or less, stability of a coating liquid will improve.
- examples of the first water-soluble binder resin other than polyvinyl alcohol include a high refractive index layer containing a first refractive index adjusting agent. Any film can be used as long as it can form a coating film. Also in the low refractive index layer described later, as the second water-soluble binder resin other than polyvinyl alcohol, the low refractive index layer containing the second refractive index adjusting agent forms a coating film as described above. Anything can be used without limitation. However, in view of environmental problems and flexibility of the coating film, water-soluble polymers (particularly gelatin, thickening polysaccharides, polymers having reactive functional groups) are preferable. These water-soluble polymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the other binder resin used in combination with polyvinyl alcohol preferably used as the first water-soluble binder resin is 5 to 50 mass with respect to 100 mass% of the solid content of the high refractive index layer. % Can also be used.
- the binder resin is preferably composed of a water-soluble polymer. That is, in the present invention, a water-soluble polymer other than polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol may be used as the binder resin in addition to the polyvinyl alcohol and modified polyvinyl alcohol as long as the effect is not impaired.
- the water-soluble polymer is when it is filtered through a G2 glass filter (maximum pores 40-50 ⁇ m) when dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.5% by mass at the temperature at which the water-soluble polymer is most dissolved.
- the mass of the insoluble matter separated by filtration is within 50% by mass of the added water-soluble polymer.
- water-soluble polymers gelatin, celluloses, thickening polysaccharides, or polymers having reactive functional groups are particularly preferable. These water-soluble polymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of such water-soluble polymers include compounds described in paragraphs “0033” to “0041” of JP2013-007817A.
- the first refractive index adjusting agent applicable to the high refractive index layer according to the present invention may be an inorganic material or an organic material.
- inorganic materials are preferred because of their higher refractive index, and metal oxide particles having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and 3.0 or less are more preferred.
- the metal oxide particles can be a compound having a photocatalytic action.
- examples thereof include ferric iron, iron black, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium titanate, yttrium oxide, niobium oxide, europium oxide, lanthanum oxide, zircon, and tin oxide.
- composite oxide particles composed of a plurality of metals, core / shell particles whose metal structure changes into a core / shell shape, and the like can also be used.
- a thiophene compound In the organic system, a thiophene compound, a polyphenylene sulfide compound, a polyacetylene compound, a polyphenylene vinylene compound, a polypyrrole compound, or a polyaniline compound can be used.
- the high refractive index layer according to the present invention includes metal oxide particles having a high refractive index such as titanium and zirconium, that is, titanium oxide particles and It is preferable to contain zirconia oxide particles.
- titanium oxide particles are more preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the coating liquid for forming the high refractive index layer.
- the rutile type tetragonal type
- the weather resistance of the high refractive index layer and adjacent layers is higher, and the refractive index is higher. Is more preferable.
- core / shell particles are used as the first refractive index adjusting agent in the high refractive index layer according to the present invention, the interaction between the silicon-containing hydrated oxide of the shell layer and the first water-soluble binder resin
- core / shell particles in which titanium oxide particles are coated (surface-treated) with a silicon-containing hydrated oxide are more preferable.
- the aqueous solution containing titanium oxide particles used for the core of the core-shell particles according to the present invention has a surface of an aqueous titanium oxide sol having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0 and a positive zeta potential of the titanium particles. It is preferable to use a hydrophobized and dispersible state in an organic solvent.
- the content of the metal oxide particles used as the first refractive index adjusting agent according to the present invention is 15 to 80% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer, the low refractive index layer and This is preferable from the viewpoint of providing a difference in refractive index. Furthermore, it is more preferably 20 to 77% by mass, and further preferably 30 to 75% by mass.
- the content when the metal oxide particles other than the core / shell particles are contained in the high refractive index layer according to the present invention is particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention can be obtained. It is not a thing.
- the volume average particle diameter of the metal oxide particles used as the first refractive index adjuster is preferably 50 nm or less, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 40 nm.
- a volume average particle size of 50 nm or less is preferable from the viewpoint of low visible light transmittance and low haze.
- the volume average particle diameter of the metal oxide particles used as the first refractive index adjusting agent according to the present invention refers to observing the particles themselves using a laser diffraction scattering method, a dynamic light scattering method, or an electron microscope.
- the particle diameter of 1,000 arbitrary particles was measured by the method and the method of observing the cross section and surface of the refractive index layer with an electron microscope, and d1, d2,.
- the volume average particle size when the volume per particle is vi.
- mv average particle diameter weighted by a volume represented by ⁇ (vi ⁇ di) ⁇ / ⁇ (vi) ⁇ .
- a curing agent can be used to cure the first water-soluble binder resin applied to the high refractive index layer.
- the curing agent that can be used together with the first water-soluble binder resin is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with the first water-soluble binder resin.
- boric acid and its salt are preferable as the curing agent.
- known ones can be used, and in general, a compound having a group capable of reacting with polyvinyl alcohol or a compound that promotes the reaction between different groups possessed by polyvinyl alcohol. Select and use.
- curing agents other than boric acid and its salts include, for example, epoxy curing agents (for example, diglycidyl ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-di- Glycidylcyclohexane, N, N-diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, etc.), aldehyde-based curing agents (for example, formaldehyde, glycoxal, etc.), active halogen-based curing agents (for example, 2, 4-dichloro-4-hydroxy-1,3,5, -s-triazine, etc.), active vinyl compounds (eg, 1,3,5-trisacryloyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bisvinylsulfonylmethyl ether, etc.) , epoxy cu
- Boric acid and its salts refer to oxygen acids and their salts having a boron atom as a central atom, specifically, orthoboric acid, diboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, pentaboric acid and octabored acid. Examples include acids and their salts.
- the low refractive index layer according to the present invention includes a second water-soluble binder resin and a second refractive index adjuster, and further includes a curing agent, a surface coating component, a particle surface protective agent, Various additives such as other binder resins and surfactants may be included.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer according to the present invention is preferably 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.50.
- polyvinyl alcohol is preferably used as the second water-soluble binder resin applied to the low refractive index layer according to the present invention. Furthermore, it is more preferable that polyvinyl alcohol (B) different from the saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol (A) present in the high refractive index layer is used in the low refractive index layer according to the present invention.
- the content of the second water-soluble binder resin in the low refractive index layer is preferably 20 to 99.9% by mass, and 25 to 80% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer. More preferably.
- any method can be used as long as the low refractive index layer containing a refractive index adjusting agent can form a coating film. Anything can be used without limitation.
- water-soluble polymers particularly gelatin, thickening polysaccharides, polymers having reactive functional groups
- These water-soluble polymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the other binder resin used together with polyvinyl alcohol preferably used as the second water-soluble binder resin is 0.1 to 100% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer. It is preferable that it is 10 mass%.
- the low refractive index layer according to the present invention may contain water-soluble polymers such as celluloses, thickening polysaccharides, and polymers having reactive functional groups. These water-soluble polymers such as celluloses, thickening polysaccharides and polymers having reactive functional groups are the same as the water-soluble polymers described in the high refractive index layer described above. Is omitted.
- the second refractive index adjusting agent applied to the low refractive index layer according to the present invention may be an inorganic material or an organic material
- Silica sicon dioxide
- specific examples include synthetic amorphous silica and colloidal silica.
- acidic colloidal silica sol is more preferably used
- colloidal silica sol dispersed in an organic solvent is more preferably used.
- hollow fine particles having pores inside the particles can be used as the second refractive index adjusting agent applied to the low refractive index layer, particularly silica (silicon dioxide). The hollow fine particles are preferred.
- the metal oxide particles can be a compound having a photocatalytic action.
- the average particle size is preferably 3 to 100 nm.
- the average particle diameter of primary particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in a primary particle state is more preferably 3 to 50 nm, and further preferably 3 to 40 nm. It is particularly preferably 3 to 20 nm, and most preferably 4 to 10 nm.
- grains it is preferable from a viewpoint with few hazes and excellent visible light transmittance
- the average particle diameter of the metal oxide particles as the second refractive index adjusting agent applied to the low refractive index layer was determined by observing the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer with an electron microscope.
- the particle diameter of an arbitrary particle is measured and obtained as a simple average value (number average).
- the particle size of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.
- the colloidal silica used as the second refractive index adjusting agent is obtained by heating and aging a silica sol obtained by metathesis of sodium silicate with an acid or the like or passing through an ion exchange resin layer.
- a silica sol obtained by metathesis of sodium silicate with an acid or the like or passing through an ion exchange resin layer.
- colloidal silica may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- the surface of the colloidal silica may be cation-modified, or may be treated with Al, Ca, Mg, Ba or the like.
- Hollow particles can also be used as the second refractive index adjusting agent applied to the low refractive index layer.
- the average particle pore size is preferably 3 to 70 nm, more preferably 5 to 50 nm, and even more preferably 5 to 45 nm.
- the average particle pore diameter of the hollow particles is the average value of the inner diameters of the hollow particles.
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is sufficiently lowered.
- the average particle diameter is 50 or more at random, which can be observed as a circle, an ellipse, or substantially a circle or an ellipse by electron microscope observation, and the number of holes is determined for each particle. Is obtained.
- the average particle hole diameter means the minimum distance among the distances between the outer edges of the hole diameter that can be observed as a circle, ellipse, substantially circle or ellipse, between two parallel lines.
- the second refractive index adjusting agent applied to the low refractive index layer may be surface-coated with a surface coating component.
- the content of the second refractive index adjusting agent in the low refractive index layer is preferably 0.1 to 70% by mass, and preferably 30 to 70% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer. More preferably, it is more preferably 45 to 65% by mass.
- a curing agent can be further contained in the same manner as the high refractive index layer.
- a curing agent can be further contained in the same manner as the high refractive index layer.
- the curing agent when polyvinyl alcohol is used as the second water-soluble binder resin applied to the low refractive index layer, boric acid, a salt thereof, and borax are preferable.
- boric acid and its salts known ones can be used.
- the content of the curing agent in the low refractive index layer is preferably 1 to 10% by mass and more preferably 2 to 6% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the low refractive index layer.
- the total amount of the curing agent used is preferably 1 to 600 mg per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol, more preferably 100 to 600 mg per 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol.
- the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer according to the present invention can contain various additives as necessary.
- the content of the additive in the high refractive index layer is preferably 0.005 to 20% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the solid content of the high refractive index layer. Examples of such additives are described below.
- At least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer may further contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant any of zwitterionic, cationic, anionic, and nonionic types can be used. More preferably, a betaine zwitterionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, a dialkylsulfosuccinate anionic surfactant, an acetylene glycol nonionic surfactant, or a fluorine cationic interface Activators are preferred.
- the addition amount of the surfactant according to the present invention is in the range of 0.005 to 0.30 mass% when the total mass of the coating liquid for high refractive index layer or the coating liquid for low refractive index layer is 100 mass%.
- the content is 0.01 to 0.10% by mass.
- the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer according to the present invention can contain an amino acid, an emulsion resin, a lithium compound and the like as appropriate as other additives.
- Fluorescence enhancement described in JP-A-59-42993, JP-A-59-52689, JP-A-62-280069, JP-A-61-242871, and JP-A-4-219266 Whitening agent, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and other pH adjusters, antifoaming agents, diethylene glycol and other lubricants, preservatives, Known additives such as additives, antistatic agents, matting agents, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants, crystal nucleating agents, inorganic particles, organic particles, thickeners, lubricants, infrared absorbers, dyes, pigments, etc. Etc.
- the dielectric multilayer film forming method according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but the first water-soluble binder resin and the first refraction are formed on the substrate (transparent resin film).
- a production method including a step of applying a coating solution for a high refractive index layer containing a refractive index adjusting agent and a coating solution for a low refractive index layer containing a second water-soluble binder resin and a second refractive index adjusting agent is preferable.
- the coating method is not particularly limited as long as it is a wet coating method.
- examples thereof include a slide hopper coating method and an extrusion coating method described in the specification and US Pat. No. 2,761,791.
- sequential multilayer application or simultaneous multilayer application may be used as a method of applying a plurality of layers in multiple layers.
- the solvent for preparing the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, but water, an organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof is preferable.
- organic solvent examples include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and 1-butanol, esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethyl ether and propylene.
- examples include ethers such as glycol monomethyl ether and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, amides such as dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, and ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetylacetone and cyclohexanone. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the solvent for the coating solution is particularly preferably water or a mixed solvent of water and methanol, ethanol, or ethyl acetate.
- concentration of the first water-soluble binder resin in the coating solution for the high refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by mass.
- concentration of the first refractive index adjusting agent (metal oxide particles) in the coating solution for the high refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by mass.
- the concentration of the second water-soluble binder resin in the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by mass.
- concentration of the second refractive index adjusting agent (metal oxide particles) in the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by mass.
- the preparation method of the coating liquid for the high refractive index layer and the coating liquid for the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited.
- the water-soluble binder resin, the refractive index adjusting agent, and the necessity There may be mentioned a method in which other additives added in accordance with the above are added and mixed by stirring.
- the order of addition of the water-soluble binder resin, the refractive index adjuster, and other additives used as necessary is not particularly limited, and each component may be added and mixed sequentially while stirring. However, they may be added and mixed at once. If necessary, it is further adjusted to an appropriate viscosity using a solvent.
- the high refractive index layer is preferably formed using an aqueous high refractive index coating solution prepared by adding and dispersing core / shell particles.
- the core / shell particles are prepared by adding to the coating solution for the high refractive index layer as a sol having a pH in the range of 5.0 to 7.5 and a negative zeta potential of the particles. It is preferable.
- the viscosity at 40 to 45 ° C. of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer when the simultaneous multilayer coating is performed by the slide hopper coating method is 5 to 300 mPa ⁇ s. 10 to 250 mPa ⁇ s is more preferable.
- the viscosity at 40 to 45 ° C. of the coating solution for high refractive index layer and the coating solution for low refractive index layer when simultaneous multilayer coating is performed by the slide curtain coating method is preferably 5 to 1200 mPa ⁇ s, and preferably 25 to 500 mPa ⁇ s. -S is more preferable.
- the viscosity at 15 ° C. of the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer is preferably 10 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 15 to 30000 mPa ⁇ s, further preferably 20 to 20000 mPa ⁇ s, 20 ⁇ 18000 mPa ⁇ s is particularly preferred.
- the coating and drying method is not particularly limited, but the substrate (transparent resin) is heated by heating the coating solution for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution for the low refractive index layer to 30 ° C or higher.
- the temperature of the formed coating film is preferably cooled to 1 to 15 ° C. (set), and then It is preferable to dry at 10 ° C. or higher. More preferable drying conditions are a wet bulb temperature of 5 to 50 ° C. and a film surface temperature of 10 to 50 ° C.
- the set means a step of increasing the viscosity of the coating composition and reducing the fluidity of the substances in each layer and in each layer by means such as applying cold air to the coating film to lower the temperature.
- a state in which the cold air is applied to the coating film from the surface and the finger is pressed against the surface of the coating film is defined as a set completion state.
- the time (setting time) from application of cold air to completion of setting is within 5 minutes.
- the lower limit time is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to take 45 seconds or more. If the set time is too short, mixing of the components in the layer may be insufficient. On the other hand, if the set time is too long, the interlayer diffusion of the refractive index adjusting agent proceeds and there is a risk that the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer will be insufficient. In addition, if the high elasticity between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer occurs quickly, the step of setting may not be provided.
- the set time is adjusted by adjusting the concentration of the water-soluble binder resin and the refractive index adjusting agent (compound with photocatalytic action), and various other known gelling agents such as gelatin, pectin, agar, carrageenan, gellan gum, etc. It can adjust by adding the component of.
- concentration of the water-soluble binder resin and the refractive index adjusting agent compound with photocatalytic action
- various other known gelling agents such as gelatin, pectin, agar, carrageenan, gellan gum, etc. It can adjust by adding the component of.
- the temperature of the cold air is preferably 0 to 25 ° C, more preferably 5 to 10 ° C. Further, the time during which the coating film is exposed to the cold air is preferably 10 to 120 seconds, although it depends on the transport speed of the coating film.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention includes a high refractive index layer not containing a compound having a photocatalytic action, and / or Alternatively, a low refractive index layer not containing a compound having a photocatalytic action may be included.
- a refractive index layer that does not contain such a compound having a photocatalytic action is a refractive index layer formed by extrusion molding of a resin.
- Examples of a method for forming a refractive index layer formed by resin extrusion include a method in which a molten resin obtained by melting a resin is extruded onto a casting drum from a multilayer extrusion die and then rapidly cooled. At this time, after extruding and cooling the molten resin, the resin sheet may be stretched.
- the stretching ratio of the resin can be appropriately selected according to the resin, but is preferably 2 to 10 times in the vertical axis direction and the horizontal axis direction.
- the resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermoplastic resin, and examples thereof include polyalkylene resins, polyester resins, polycarbonate resins, (meth) acrylic resins, amide resins, silicone resins, and fluorine resins.
- polyalkylene resin examples include polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).
- polyester resin examples include a polyester resin mainly composed of a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component. Specifically, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), poly-1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) are preferable.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- polycarbonate resin examples include a reaction product of bisphenol A or its derivative bisphenol and phosgene or phenyl dicarbonate.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic resin include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid-2- Ethylhexyl, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acryl 2-butoxyethyl acid, (meth) acrylamide, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, N-ethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-diethyl (meth) acrylamide, N- Isopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N-ter
- amide resin examples include aliphatic amide resins such as 6,6-nylon, 6-nylon, 11-nylon, 12-nylon, 4,6-nylon, 6,10-nylon, 6,12-nylon; phenylene
- aromatic diamines such as diamines, aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthaloyl chloride and isophthaloyl chloride, or aromatic polyamides thereof.
- silicone resin examples include resins containing a siloxane bond having an organic group such as an alkyl group or an aromatic group as a structural unit. Specific examples include dimethylpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, diphenylpolysiloxane, and modified products thereof.
- fluororesin examples include homopolymers or copolymers such as tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, vinylidene fluoride, vinyl fluoride, and perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether.
- the above-described resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a preferable combination of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer includes PET-PEN and the like.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention has a hard coat layer as a surface protective layer for enhancing scratch resistance.
- the hard coat layer according to the present invention may be formed only on one surface of the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention, or may be formed on both surfaces. Depending on the type of derivative laminated film, the adhesion layer and adhesion may be poor, or when a dielectric multilayer film is formed, white turbidity may occur.However, these problems can be solved by forming a hard coat layer. Can be solved. In addition, the elongation of the substrate can be controlled by forming a hard coat layer.
- a hard coat material constituting the hard coat layer according to the present invention a material having a small shrinkage stress after curing such as an inorganic material typified by polysiloxane or a curable resin such as an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin is used. It is preferable to do.
- These hard coat materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Specific compounds include tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, tetra-iso-propoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-tert-butoxysilane, Terapentaethoxysilane, tetrapenta-iso-propoxysilane, tetrapenta-n-propoxysilane, tetrapenta-n-butoxysilane, tetrapenta-sec-butoxysilane, tetrapenta-tert-butoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, Methyltributoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethylethoxysilane, dimethylmethoxysilane, dimethylpropoxysilane
- polyorganosiloxane-based hard coat material examples include Surcoat Series, BP-16N (manufactured by Doken Co., Ltd.), SR2441 (manufactured by Dow Corning Toray), Perma-New 6000 (manufactured by California Hardcoating Company). ) Etc. can be used.
- examples of the curable resin used in the hard coat layer according to the present invention include a thermosetting resin and an active energy ray curable resin, but an active energy ray curable resin is preferable because of easy molding. .
- Such curable resins can be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the active energy ray-curable resin refers to a resin that is cured through a crosslinking reaction or the like by irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams.
- the active energy ray curable resin a component containing a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond is preferably used, and cured by irradiating an active energy ray such as an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam to cure the active energy ray.
- a functional resin layer that is, a hard coat layer is formed.
- the active energy ray curable resin include an ultraviolet curable resin and an electron beam curable resin, and an ultraviolet curable resin that is cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays is preferable.
- the ultraviolet curable resin examples include an ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable polyol acrylate resin, an ultraviolet curable acrylic acrylate resin, and an ultraviolet curable epoxy resin. Etc. are preferably used.
- the UV curable urethane acrylate resin generally includes 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (hereinafter referred to as methacrylate) in addition to a product obtained by reacting a polyester polyol with an isocyanate monomer or a prepolymer. It is easily obtained by reacting an acrylate monomer having a hydroxyl group such as 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate.
- An ultraviolet curable polyester acrylate resin can be easily obtained by reacting a monomer such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate or acrylic acid with a hydroxyl group or carboxyl group at the end of the polyester (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59). -151112).
- the ultraviolet curable epoxy acrylate resin is obtained by reacting a terminal hydroxyl group of an epoxy resin with a monomer such as acrylic acid, acrylic acid chloride, or glycidyl acrylate.
- a monomer such as acrylic acid, acrylic acid chloride, or glycidyl acrylate.
- the ultraviolet curable polyol acrylate resin include ethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, and diester.
- Examples thereof include resins obtained by curing one or more monomers such as pentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, alkyl-modified dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, and pentaerythritol ethylene oxide-modified tetraacrylate.
- monomers such as pentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, alkyl-modified dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, and pentaerythritol ethylene oxide-modified tetraacrylate.
- examples of commercially available products of active energy ray-curable resins used for hard coat layer formation include, for example, the Hitaroid (registered trademark) series (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), the Shikko series (Nippon Gosei Chemical Co., Ltd.) Company), ETERMER 2382 (ETERNAL CHEMICAL) and the like.
- the difference in volume shrinkage is in a specific range, and for this reason, it is important to reduce the shrinkage stress of the hard coat layer.
- a material such as the above-mentioned monomer or resin as a raw material for the hard coat layer is appropriately selected, or the number of functional groups to be cross-linked by the material or the cross-linking And a method for controlling the number of functional groups not to be used and the molecular weight of the above materials.
- the structure of the monomer used as the raw material for the hard coat layer is not particularly limited as long as the final volume shrinkage falls within the scope of the present invention, but the number of functional groups to be crosslinked by the monomer is preferably 2 or more and 20 or less.
- the molecular weight is preferably 50 or more and 3000 or less.
- the hard coat layer has a configuration that does not promote shrinkage even under sunlight exposure conditions. Therefore, the hard coat layer preferably contains an ultraviolet absorber and / or an antioxidant.
- the content of these ultraviolet absorbers and antioxidants is preferably 0.05% by mass or more and 4% by mass or less, and preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 3% by mass or less with respect to the total mass of the hard coat layer. Preferably there is. This is because when the hard coat layer is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, the reaction in the hard coat layer is accelerated and the shrinkage stress is increased. In addition, a phenomenon in which the hard coat layer itself becomes brittle due to decomposition of the resin in the hard coat layer may occur. Therefore, by including an ultraviolet absorber or an antioxidant in the hard coat layer, shrinkage and decomposition of the hard coat layer can be suppressed, so that weather resistance adhesion can be improved.
- UV absorber examples include benzophenone, benzotriazole, phenyl salicylate, and triazine.
- benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2,4-dihydroxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxy-benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-octadecyloxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-benzophenone, 2,2 ', 4,4' -Tetrahydroxy-benzophenone and the like.
- benzotriazole ultraviolet absorber examples include 2- (2′-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and 2- (2′-hydroxy-3 ′, 5′-di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole.
- benzotriazole examples include benzotriazole.
- phenyl salicylate UV absorber examples include phenyl salicylate, 2-4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, and the like.
- hindered amine ultraviolet absorber examples include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) sebacate.
- triazine ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy- 4-ethoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy-4-propoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl- (2-hydroxy- 4-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-butoxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- ( 2-hydroxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl) -1,3,5 Triazine, 2,4-diphenyl-6- (2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphen
- the ultraviolet absorber includes a compound having a function of converting the energy held by ultraviolet rays into vibrational energy in the molecule and releasing the vibrational energy as thermal energy. Furthermore, those that exhibit an effect when used in combination with an antioxidant, a colorant, or the like, or a light stabilizer that acts as a light energy conversion agent, called a quencher, can be used in combination.
- the ultraviolet absorber may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- Examples of commercially available products include, for example, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 320, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 328, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 234, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 1577, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 622 (above, BASF Japan Ltd.) ADEKA STAB LA-31 (manufactured by ADEKA CORPORATION), SEESORB (registered trademark) 102, SEESORB (registered trademark) 103, SEESORB (registered trademark) 501 (manufactured by Sipro Kasei Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- antioxidants examples include phenolic antioxidants, thiol antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, and the like.
- phenolic antioxidants examples include 1,1,3-tris (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-tert-butylphenyl) butane, 2,2′-methylenebis (4-ethyl-6-t- Butylphenol), tetrakis- [methylene-3- (3 ′, 5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl) propionate] methane, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 4,4 '-Thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 1,3,5-tris (3', 5'-di-t -Butyl-4'-hydroxybenzyl) -S-triazine-2,4,6- (1H, 3H, 5H) trione, stearyl- ⁇ - (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propi , Triethylene glycol bis [3- (3-
- thiol-based antioxidant examples include distearyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, pentaerythritol-tetrakis- ( ⁇ -lauryl-thiopropionate), and the like.
- phosphite antioxidant examples include tris (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, di (2,6-di-t-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol.
- Diphosphite bis- (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl) -pentaerythritol diphosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) 4,4′-biphenylene-diphosphonite 2,2′-methylenebis (4,6-di-t-butylphenyl) octyl phosphite and the like.
- hindered amine antioxidant examples include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, tetrakis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)- 2- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) -2-n-butylmalonate, 1-methyl-8- (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) Sebacate, 1- [2- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionyloxy] ethyl] -4- [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4 -Hydroxyphenyl Propionyloxy] -2,2,6,6-te
- nickel-based UV stabilizers include [2,2′-thiobis (4-t-octylphenolate)]-2-ethylhexylamine nickel (II), nickel complex-3,5-di-t-butyl-4- Hydroxybenzyl phosphate monoethylate, nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate, etc. can also be used.
- the hindered amine antioxidant is preferably a hindered amine light stabilizer containing only a tertiary amine.
- a hindered amine light stabilizer containing only a tertiary amine.
- the antioxidant may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- Examples of commercially available products include NOCRACK (registered trademark) 200, NOCRACK (registered trademark) M-17, NOCRACK (registered trademark) SP, NOCRACK (registered trademark) SP-N, NOCRACK (registered trademark) NS-5, NOCRACK (registered trademark) NS-6, NOCRACK (registered trademark) NS-30, NOCRACK (registered trademark) 300, NOCRACK (registered trademark) NS-7, NOCRACK (registered trademark) DAH (above, Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Manufactured), ADK STAB AO-30, ADK STAB AO-40, ADK STAB AO-50, ADK STAB AO-60, ADK STAB AO-616, ADK STAB AO-635, ADK STAB AO-658, ADK STAB AO-80, ADK STAB AO-30, ADK STAB AO-40,
- the hard coat layer contains an infrared absorber, and the layer also has a function as an infrared absorption layer.
- the infrared absorber applicable to the hard coat layer according to the present invention both inorganic infrared absorbers and organic infrared absorbers can be used, but inorganic infrared absorbers are preferable, and visible light transmittance is high. From the viewpoints of infrared absorptivity, suitability for dispersion in a resin, and the like, it is more preferable to mix a zinc oxide-based infrared absorber in the hard coat layer.
- inorganic infrared absorbers include zinc oxide, antimony-doped zinc oxide (AZO), indium-doped zinc oxide (IZO), gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide, tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide ( ATO), indium-doped tin oxide (ITO), zinc antimonate, lanthanum boride, nickel complex compounds can be used, among which antimony-doped zinc oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, indium-doped tin oxide or antimonic acid Zinc is preferred.
- the organic infrared absorber for example, an imonium compound, a phthalocyanine compound, or an aminium compound can be used. These infrared absorbers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the infrared absorber a synthetic product or a commercially available product may be used.
- commercially available products include, for example, the Cellux (registered trademark) series (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.), the passette series (manufactured by Hakusuitec Co., Ltd.), the tin oxide series, ATO dispersion, ITO Dispersion liquid (above, Mitsubishi Materials Corporation), KH series (Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.), etc. are mentioned.
- Examples of the organic commercial products include NIR-IM1, NIR-AM1 (manufactured by Nagase Chemitex Co., Ltd.), Lumogen (registered trademark) series (manufactured by BASF Corp.), and the like.
- content of the infrared absorber in a hard-coat layer is 55 to 80 mass% with respect to the total mass of a hard-coat layer. If it is this range, since the said resin component in a hard-coat layer decreases, since shrinkage stress becomes small, it is preferable. When the content of the infrared absorber is less than 55% by mass, the thickness of the hard coat layer increases, shrinkage stress increases, and weather resistance tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, when the amount is more than 80% by mass, the resin component is too small, so that there is an excess of particles, and the hardness as the hard coat layer may not be exhibited.
- the hard coat layer may contain inorganic fine particles other than the infrared absorber.
- Preferable inorganic fine particles include fine particles of an inorganic compound containing a metal such as titanium, silica, zirconium, aluminum, magnesium, antimony, zinc or tin.
- the average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 1000 nm or less, and more preferably in the range of 10 to 500 nm, from the viewpoint of ensuring visible light transmittance.
- inorganic fine particles have a higher bonding strength with the curable resin forming the hard coat layer, they can be prevented from falling out of the hard coat layer, so that a photopolymerization reactivity such as monofunctional or polyfunctional acrylate is present. Those having a functional group introduced on the surface are preferred.
- the hue can be adjusted by adding dyes or pigments to the hard coat layer.
- dyes or pigments for example, cadmium red, molybdenum red, chromium permillion, chromium oxide, viridian, titanium cobalt green, cobalt green, cobalt chrome green, Victoria green, ultramarine blue, ultramarine blue, bitumen, Berlin blue, miloli blue, cobalt blue, cerulean blue,
- Colored inorganic pigments such as cobalt silica blue, cobalt zinc blue, manganese violet, mineral violet, and cobalt violet, organic pigments such as phthalocyanine pigments, and anthraquinone dyes are preferably used.
- the layer thickness of the hard coat layer is preferably from 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably from 1 to 20 ⁇ m. If it is 0.1 ⁇ m or more, the hard coat property tends to be improved, and conversely if it is 50 ⁇ m or less, the transparency of the derivative multilayer film tends to be improved.
- a formation method of a hard-coat layer the method of apply
- the reactivity varies depending on the irradiation wavelength, the illuminance, and the light amount of the active energy ray, and therefore it is necessary to select optimum conditions depending on the resin to be used.
- the illuminance is preferably 50 to 1500 mW / cm 2 and the irradiation energy amount is preferably 50 to 1500 mJ / cm 2 .
- a surfactant may be added to the coating solution for forming the hard coat layer to impart leveling properties, water repellency, slipping properties, and the like.
- An acrylic surfactant, a silicon-type surfactant, a fluorine-type surfactant, etc. can be used.
- a fluorosurfactant is preferably used from the viewpoint of leveling properties, water repellency, and slipperiness.
- the fluorosurfactant include, for example, Megafac (registered trademark) F series (F-430, F-477, F-552 to F-559, F-561, F-562, etc., manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- the hard coat layer contained in the derivative multilayer film of the present invention may have only one layer or two or more layers. When it has two or more layers, the configuration of each hard coat layer may be the same or different.
- the derivative multilayer film of the present invention may further contain an intermediate layer between the hard coat layer described above and the derivative multilayer film.
- the function of the intermediate layer is formed for the purpose of enhancing the adhesion between the dielectric multilayer film and the hard coat layer and further reducing the shrinkage stress of the hard coat layer.
- the intermediate layer is preferably composed of a resin component, and examples thereof include a polyvinyl acetal resin, an acrylic resin, and a polyurethane resin. These resin components can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin applicable to the intermediate layer according to the present invention is a resin obtained by acetalizing polyvinyl alcohol by reaction with at least one suitable aldehyde, and specifically, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, Examples thereof include copolymer acetals such as polyvinyl butyral and polyvinyl butyral acetal containing partially formalized portions.
- polyvinyl acetal resins are, for example, Denka Butyral # 2000L, # 3000-1, # 3000-K, # 4000-1, # 5000-A, # 6000-C, Denka Formal # 20 manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- the degree of acetalization of these polyvinyl acetal resins is preferably 5 to 65 mol%, and more preferably 15 to 50 mol% from the viewpoints of solubility in water and adhesion. If the degree of acetalization is in the above range, the intermediate layer is excellent in adhesion to the hard coat layer and the dielectric multilayer film.
- acrylic monomer include, for example, acrylic acid; methacrylic acid; acrylic ester, such as alkyl acrylate (for example, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, t -Butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenylethyl acrylate, etc.), hydroxy-containing alkyl acrylates (eg 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, etc.); methacryl
- the above acrylic monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Preferred examples of the acrylic resin include methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate-ammonium acrylate-acrylamide copolymer, methacrylamide-butyl acrylate-sodium acrylate-methyl methacrylate-N-methylol acrylamide copolymer, and the like.
- the acrylic resin can be produced and obtained as an acrylic emulsion, an acrylic aqueous solution, an acrylic dispersion, or the like.
- the acrylic resin used for the intermediate layer according to the present invention may be a synthetic product or a commercially available product.
- LR1730 made by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. is mentioned, for example.
- an isocyanate compound can be used as a crosslinking agent.
- the isocyanate compound include cyclic diisocyanates such as xylylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and alicyclic diisocyanates, tolylene diisocyanate, and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
- Aliphatic diisocyanates such as aromatic diisocyanates and hexamethylene diisocyanate are preferred.
- blocked isocyanate can be used, for example, product number 214 manufactured by Baxenden.
- the polyurethane resin is a general term for polymers having a urethane bond in the main chain, and is usually obtained by a reaction between a polyisocyanate and a polyol.
- Polyisocyanates include TDI (tolylene diisocyanate), MDI (diphenylmethane diisocyanate), NDI (naphthylene diisocyanate), TODI (toluidine diisocyanate), HDI (hexamethylene dicyanate), IPDI (isophorone diisocyanate), etc. Includes ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, hexanetriol, and the like.
- the isocyanate of the present invention a polymer obtained by subjecting a polyurethane polymer obtained by the reaction of polyisocyanate and polyol to chain extension treatment to increase the molecular weight can also be used.
- the polyurethane resin described in the present invention may be one or two or more polyurethane resins, or may be a mixture with a polyvinyl acetal resin or an acrylic resin.
- a urethane-modified acrylic polymer can also be used as the polyurethane resin.
- the polyurethane resin preferably has a Tg of ⁇ 30 to 60 ° C., more preferably a Tg of ⁇ 20 to 40 ° C. If the glass transition temperature Tg of the polyurethane resin contained in the intermediate layer is 60 ° C. or less, good adhesion can be obtained. If the glass transition temperature Tg of the polyurethane resin contained in the intermediate layer is ⁇ 30 ° C. or higher, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the polyurethane resin.
- the polyurethane resin used in the present invention may be a synthetic product or a commercial product.
- commercially available products include Superflex 150HS, Superflex 470 (manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), Hydran (registered trademark) AP-20, Hydran (registered trademark) WLS-210, Hydran (registered trademark). )
- Commercially available products such as HW-161 (above, manufactured by DIC Corporation), Acryt 8UA series (produced by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like.
- a material having a polyrotaxane structure can also be used as another intermediate layer material.
- SeRM Super Polymer A-1000 Advanced Soft Materials Co., Ltd., hydroxy group-containing polyrotaxane
- hydroxy group-containing polyrotaxane can be mentioned as a representative example.
- the layer thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 4 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 4 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- Young's modulus of the intermediate layer is not more than 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3 GPa or 2.0 ⁇ 10 1 GPa and preferably, 1.0 ⁇ 10 -3 GPa or 1.0 ⁇ 10 1 GPa or less Is more preferable. If the Young's modulus is in this range, the intermediate layer acts as a stress relaxation layer, relieves the shrinkage stress of the hard coat layer, and even if the difference in volume shrinkage between the hard coat layer and the dielectric multilayer film increases, the peeling occurs. It becomes difficult to do.
- the Young's modulus of the intermediate layer can be measured by the method described in the examples.
- guide_body multilayer film of this invention may have only one layer, or may have two or more layers.
- middle layer may be the same and may differ.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention may further have an adhesive layer.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives, silicon pressure-sensitive adhesives, urethane pressure-sensitive adhesives, polyvinyl butyral pressure-sensitive adhesives, and ethylene-vinyl acetate pressure-sensitive adhesives. Can do.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention When the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention is attached to a window glass, water is sprayed on the window, and the adhesive method of attaching the adhesive layer of the dielectric multilayer film to the wet glass surface, the so-called water pasting method is re-stretched. It is preferably used from the viewpoint of position correction. For this reason, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive that has a weak adhesive force in the presence of water is preferably used.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive used may be either solvent-based or emulsion-based, but is preferably a solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesive because it is easy to increase the adhesive strength and the like, and among them, those obtained by solution polymerization are preferable.
- raw materials for producing such a solvent-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive by solution polymerization include, for example, acrylic acid esters such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and octyl acrylate, and agglomerates as the main monomer serving as a skeleton.
- a comonomer for improving strength vinyl acetate, acrylonitrile, styrene, methyl methacrylate, etc. are further functionalized to promote cross-linking, to provide stable adhesive strength, and to maintain a certain level of adhesive strength even in the presence of water.
- the group-containing monomer include methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and the like. Since the adhesive layer of the laminated film requires a particularly high tack as the main polymer, those having a low glass transition temperature (Tg) such as butyl acrylate are particularly useful.
- This adhesive layer contains additives such as stabilizers, surfactants, UV absorbers, flame retardants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring, adhesion modifiers, etc. It can also be made.
- additives such as stabilizers, surfactants, UV absorbers, flame retardants, antistatic agents, antioxidants, thermal stabilizers, lubricants, fillers, coloring, adhesion modifiers, etc. It can also be made.
- an ultraviolet absorber is effective for suppressing deterioration of the derivative multilayer film due to ultraviolet rays.
- the layer thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ m. If it is 1 micrometer or more, there exists a tendency for adhesiveness to improve and sufficient adhesive force is acquired. On the contrary, if the thickness is 100 ⁇ m or less, not only the transparency of the dielectric multilayer film is improved, but also when the dielectric multilayer film is attached to the window glass and then peeled off, no cohesive failure occurs between the adhesive layers, and the glass There is a tendency for the adhesive residue on the surface to disappear.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention further includes, for example, a functional layer such as a heat insulating layer within a range not impairing the object effects of the present invention. Also good.
- an adhesive layer may be provided on either surface of the dielectric multilayer film.
- the constitution of the adhesive layer applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, any of a dry laminating agent, a wet laminating agent, a heat sealing agent, a hot melt agent and the like are used.
- the adhesive include polyester resin, polyurethane resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, and nitrile rubber.
- the method for providing the adhesive layer is preferably a laminating method.
- a laminating method For example, it is preferable to carry out a roll method continuously from the viewpoint of economy and productivity.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is usually preferably in the range of about 1 to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoints of adhesive effect, drying speed, and the like.
- the reciprocal of the radius of curvature (unit: m) in the width direction measured under the conditions of a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 55% RH is preferably 0 or more and 30 or less. More preferably, it is 0 or more and 25 or less. If it is this range, the stress concerning the whole dielectric multilayer film can be suppressed, and a weather-resistant adhesiveness can be improved further.
- the curvature radius of the curl in the width direction can be measured by the method described in the examples. Further, when the measured value of the radius of curvature of curl is 0, the reciprocal thereof is assumed to be 0.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention exhibits a function of reflecting (shielding) sunlight, infrared rays, visible rays, or ultraviolet rays.
- the derivative laminated film of the present invention is suitably used as an infrared shielding film or an ultraviolet shielding film.
- a dielectric multilayer unit can be constructed by disposing a transparent adhesive layer on the surface and affixing the adhesive layer to a transparent substrate, for example, a glass substrate, via the adhesive layer. That is, it is possible to install the dielectric multilayer film by bonding the boundary between the outdoors and the room, for example, the indoor side surface of the window glass and the surface provided with the adhesive layer of the dielectric multilayer film. it can.
- a dielectric multilayer film constituting laminated glass it can be used as a dielectric multilayer film constituting laminated glass.
- an adhesive layer is provided on the hard coat layers 6A and 6B of the dielectric multilayer film shown in FIG. 2, and a glass substrate is bonded to both sides of the dielectric multilayer film via the adhesive layer. Laminated glass can be produced.
- Colloidal silica (10% by mass, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd .; Snowtex (registered trademark) OXS) 430 parts by mass Boric acid aqueous solution (3% by mass) 150 parts by mass Water 85 parts by mass Polyvinyl alcohol (4% by mass, JP-45, Japan 300 parts by weight Surfactant (5% by weight, Softazoline (registered trademark) LSB-R, manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.) 3 parts by weight Then, it was finished to 1000 parts by mass with pure water to prepare a coating solution L1 for a low refractive index layer.
- the base-treated titanium compound was suspended in pure water so as to have a TiO 2 concentration of 20 g / L, and citric acid was added in an amount of 0.4 mol% with respect to the amount of TiO 2 with stirring, and the temperature was raised.
- citric acid was added in an amount of 0.4 mol% with respect to the amount of TiO 2 with stirring, and the temperature was raised.
- concentrated hydrochloric acid was added to a hydrochloric acid concentration of 30 g / L, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours while maintaining the liquid temperature.
- the pH and zeta potential of the obtained titanium oxide sol aqueous dispersion were measured, the pH was 1.4 and the zeta potential was +40 mV. Furthermore, when the particle size was measured by Zetasizer Nano manufactured by Malvern, the volume average particle size was 35 nm, and the monodispersity was 16%.
- the silica-modified titanium oxide particles are a compound having a photocatalytic action.
- Sol dispersion of silica-modified titanium oxide particles (20.0% by mass) 320 parts by mass Citric acid aqueous solution (1.92% by mass) 120 parts by mass Polyvinyl alcohol (10% by mass, PVA-103, polymerization degree 300, saponification degree 99 mol%, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) 20 parts by mass Boric acid aqueous solution (3 masses) %) 100 parts by weight Polyvinyl alcohol (4% by weight, PVA-124, degree of polymerization 2400, saponification degree 88 mol%, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) 350 parts by weight Surfactant (5% by weight, Softazoline (registered trademark) LSB- R, manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1 part by mass Finished to 1000 parts by mass with pure water to prepare a coating solution H1 for a high refractive index layer.
- Polyvinyl alcohol 10% by mass, PVA-103, polymerization degree 300, saponification degree 99 mol%, manufactured
- AZO trade name: Celnax (registered trademark) CX-Z410K, antimony-doped zinc oxide, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Hitaroid registered trademark
- 7975 Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- UV curable acrylic acrylate resin methyl ethyl ketone was added as a solvent.
- a hard coat layer coating solution was prepared by adjusting to a mass%.
- A4300 double-sided easy-adhesion layer, length 200 m ⁇ width 210 mm, refractive index: 1.58), the lowermost layer and the uppermost layer are low-refractive index layers, and other than that, a high-refractive index layer and a low-refractive index layer
- a total of nine layers were simultaneously applied so that the layer thickness during drying was 150 nm for each low refractive index layer and 130 nm for each high refractive index layer.
- Confirmation of the mixed region (mixed layer) between layers and measurement (confirmation) of the layer thickness were performed by cutting the dielectric multilayer film (dielectric multilayer film sample) and cutting the cut surface with an XPS surface analyzer. By measuring the abundance of the material (TiO 2 ) and the low refractive index layer material (SiO 2 ), it was confirmed that the layer thickness of each layer described above was ensured.
- dielectric multilayer film A After completion of setting, warm air of 80 ° C. was blown and dried to form a dielectric multilayer film composed of nine layers. This configuration is referred to as a dielectric multilayer film A.
- a dielectric multilayer film B composed of nine layers was formed on the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate film opposite to the surface on which the dielectric multilayer film A was formed in the same manner as described above.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer formed above was 1.95, and the refractive index of the low refractive index layer was 1.45.
- the intermediate layer coating solution was applied using a wire bar so that the dry layer thickness was 6.0 ⁇ m and dried to form an intermediate layer.
- Example 2 Except that the AZO concentration in the coating liquid for hard coat layer was 65% by mass with respect to the total solid content, and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 7.0 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 1. A dielectric multilayer film 2 was produced.
- Example 3 Except that the AZO concentration of the coating liquid for hard coat layer was 75% by mass with respect to the total solid content, and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 5.5 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 2, Dielectric multilayer film 3 was produced.
- Dielectric Multilayer Film 4 Example 4
- the resin component of the coating solution for the hard coat layer was changed from Hitaroid (registered trademark) 7975 to purple light UV-7600B (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., UV curable urethane acrylate resin), and the AZO concentration was based on the total solid content
- a dielectric multilayer film 4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry thickness of the hard coat layer was 9.2 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 Except that the AZO concentration of the coating liquid for hard coat layer was 55% by mass with respect to the total solid content and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 8.5 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 4, A dielectric multilayer film 5 was produced.
- Example 6 Except that the AZO concentration of the coating liquid for hard coat layer was 65% by mass with respect to the total solid content, and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 7.0 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 5, A dielectric multilayer film 6 was produced.
- Example 7 Except that the AZO concentration of the coating liquid for the hard coat layer was 75% by mass with respect to the total solid content and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 6.0 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 6, A dielectric multilayer film 7 was produced.
- Example 8 Except that the AZO concentration of the coating liquid for hard coat layer was 80% by mass with respect to the total solid content, and the hard coat layer was formed so that the dry layer thickness was 5.5 ⁇ m, the same as in Example 7, A dielectric multilayer film 8 was produced.
- Example 9 In the same manner as in Example 6, except that the resin component of the coating liquid for the hard coat layer was changed from purple light UV-7600B to purple light UV-7650B (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., ultraviolet curable urethane acrylate resin). The body multilayer film 9 was produced.
- Example 10 Dielectric multilayer film in the same manner as in Example 9, except that the resin component of the coating solution for the hard coat layer was changed from Violet UV-7650B to ETERMER 2382 (ETERNAL CHEMICAL, pentaerythritol ethylene oxide-modified tetraacrylate). 10 was produced.
- Example 11 Example except that UV absorber Tinuvin (registered trademark) 234 (manufactured by BASF) was added to the hard coat layer coating solution so as to be 0.1% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer. In the same manner as in Example 6, a dielectric multilayer film 11 was produced.
- UV absorber Tinuvin registered trademark 234 (manufactured by BASF)
- Example 12 Except that the addition amount of Tinuvin (registered trademark) 234 in the hard coat layer coating solution was changed to 1.5% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, the same procedure as in Example 11 was performed. Thus, a dielectric multilayer film 12 was produced.
- Tinuvin registered trademark
- Example 13 Except that the addition amount of Tinuvin (registered trademark) 234 in the coating solution for the hard coat layer was changed to 3.0 mass% with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, the same as in Example 11. Thus, a dielectric multilayer film 13 was produced.
- Tinuvin registered trademark
- Example 14 Except that the addition amount of Tinuvin (registered trademark) 234 in the coating solution for the hard coat layer was changed to 3.5% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, the same as in Example 11. Thus, a dielectric multilayer film 14 was produced.
- Tinuvin registered trademark
- Example 15 Except that Adeka Stab LA-52 (manufactured by ADEKA Co., Ltd.), an antioxidant, was added to the hard coat layer coating solution so as to be 0.1% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer. In the same manner as in Example 12, a dielectric multilayer film 15 was produced.
- Adeka Stab LA-52 manufactured by ADEKA Co., Ltd.
- an antioxidant was added to the hard coat layer coating solution so as to be 0.1% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer.
- a dielectric multilayer film 15 was produced.
- Example 16 In the same manner as in Example 15, except that the addition amount of LA-52 in the coating liquid for hard coat layer was changed to 1.5% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, The body multilayer film 16 was produced.
- Example 17 In the same manner as in Example 15, except that the amount of LA-52 added in the hard coat layer coating solution was changed to 3.0% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, The body multilayer film 17 was produced.
- Example 18 In the same manner as in Example 15, except that the amount of LA-52 added in the hard coat layer coating solution was changed to 3.5% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the hard coat layer, The body multilayer film 18 was produced.
- Example 19 Except that SeRM Super Polymer A-1000 (manufactured by Advanced Soft Materials, hydroxy group-containing polyrotaxane) was further added to the coating solution for the intermediate layer so as to have a solid content of 3% by mass. In the same manner as in Example 16, a dielectric multilayer film 19 was produced.
- SeRM Super Polymer A-1000 manufactured by Advanced Soft Materials, hydroxy group-containing polyrotaxane
- Example 20 The dielectric multilayer film 20 is the same as that of Example 16 except that SeRM Super Polymer A-1000 is further added to the coating solution for the intermediate layer so as to have a concentration of 5% by mass in terms of solid content. Was made.
- Example 21 Preparation of Dielectric Multilayer Film 21: Example 21] Instead of LR1730, Acryte 8UA-301 (made by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., urethane-modified acrylic polymer) diluted with MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) to a solid content of 30% by mass was used as the coating solution for the intermediate layer In the same manner as in Example 16, a dielectric multilayer film 21 was produced.
- Acryte 8UA-301 made by Taisei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., urethane-modified acrylic polymer
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- Example 22 (Production of dielectric multilayer film (ultraviolet shielding film)) ⁇ Formation of dielectric multilayer film (ultraviolet shielding layer)> A dielectric multilayer film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the low refractive index layer was applied to have a thickness of 50 nm and the high refractive index layer was 43 nm. . Next, a polysiloxane-based hard coat BP-16N (manufactured by Doken Co., Ltd.) was applied so that the dry layer thickness was 3 ⁇ m to form a hard coat layer, which was then aged at 50 ° C. for 5 days to block UV rays. A dielectric multilayer film 22 having the properties was produced.
- BP-16N manufactured by Doken Co., Ltd.
- a dielectric multilayer film 23 is produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that Beamset (registered trademark) 577 (made by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd., urethane acrylate) is used instead of Hitaroid (registered trademark) 7975. did.
- Beamset registered trademark
- Hitaroid registered trademark
- a dielectric multilayer film 24 was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that Aronix (registered trademark) M305 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., urethane acrylate) was used instead of Hitaloid (registered trademark) 7975.
- Aronix registered trademark
- M305 manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd., urethane acrylate
- Dielectric Multilayer Film 25 was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that DPHA (manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd., dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate) was used instead of Aronix (registered trademark) M305.
- DPHA manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd., dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate
- Aronix registered trademark
- a dielectric multilayer film 26 is produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that HDDA (manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd., 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate) is used instead of Aronix (registered trademark) M305. did.
- HDDA manufactured by Daicel Cytec Co., Ltd., 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate
- Aronix registered trademark
- volume shrinkage is measured by measuring the specific gravity of the resin in accordance with JIS Z8807: 2012, assuming that the density of water is 1 g / cm 3, and this value is the resin density before curing (g / cm 3 ). It was.
- the resin density after curing was calculated according to the following procedure. If a coating solution is applied to polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, and if there is a coating solution for a high refractive index layer and a coating solution for a low refractive index layer, it is dried. Got. The weight (g), area (cm 2 ), and film thickness ( ⁇ m) of this coating film were measured, and the resin density (g / cm 3 ) after curing was calculated. From the resin density before curing and the resin density after curing, the volume shrinkage was calculated by the following mathematical formula (1).
- the volume shrinkage ratio of the dielectric multilayer film on the side half far from the hard coat layer is determined by measuring the volume shrinkage ratio of each of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer by the above method.
- the weight and volume of the minute were determined, and the volumetric shrinkage for five layers was determined.
- the volume shrinkage after the heat deterioration treatment was measured by measuring the weight and volume of the film after the weather resistance test in each single layer, and measuring the density.
- the Young's modulus of the intermediate layer is measured by measuring the test force (load) -indentation depth curve on the surface of the intermediate layer without forming the hard coat layer of the dielectric multilayer film, and the Poisson's ratio is the single layer of the intermediate layer Was separately prepared and measured.
- the single layer of the intermediate layer was formed by forming an intermediate layer solution on glass using an applicator and drying it at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- Test force (load) -indentation depth curve measured with Shimadzu Dynamic Ultra Micro Hardness Tester DUH-211S manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and Tensilon RTA-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. Young's modulus was calculated from the Poisson's ratio.
- ⁇ Production of dielectric multilayer unit> (Formation of adhesive layer and bonding with glass substrate)
- a layer containing 5% of Tinuvin (registered trademark) 477 in 10 ⁇ m-thick polyvinyl butyral was formed as an adhesive layer.
- a clear glass having a thickness of 3 mm is laminated on the adhesive layer, and after removing an excess portion protruding from the edge portion of the glass, heating is performed at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes, pressure degassing is performed, and a combination process is performed.
- Derivative multilayer film units 1 to 26 were produced.
- the hard coat layer surface of the dielectric multilayer unit was subjected to a load of 500 g / cm 2 on # 0000 steel wool and rubbed 10 times at a stroke of 100 mm and a speed of 30 mm / sec.
- the number of scratches was ranked according to the following criteria.
- each dielectric multilayer unit was performed according to the cross-cut test method described in 5.6 (2004 version) of JIS K 5600.
- the volume shrinkage ratio after heat deterioration treatment for five layers of the dielectric multilayer film is 1.3%.
- the volume shrinkage rate of the hard coat layer of each of the produced dielectric multilayer films 1 to 26 was measured, and the difference from the volume shrinkage rate of the dielectric multilayer film and the results of weather resistance adhesion were compared.
- the weather resistance adhesion was improved. This relationship also correlates with the size of the curl. The smaller the curl, the higher the weather resistance adhesion, and when the curl size is 30 or less, good weather resistance adhesion is obtained. Further, it was shown that the weather resistance adhesion was further improved when an ultraviolet absorber and / or an antioxidant was added.
- the use of a resin having a low Young's modulus as the intermediate layer also improves the weather resistance adhesion. That is, it was shown that the weather-resistant adhesion is remarkably improved by reducing the shrinkage of the hard coat layer, adding an ultraviolet absorber and / or an antioxidant, and reducing the Young's modulus of the intermediate layer. Further, it was shown that the weather resistance adhesion was improved even when the difference in volume shrinkage was within the range of the present invention even with the ultraviolet shielding type dielectric multilayer film.
- the dielectric multilayer film of the present invention is shown to significantly improve the weather resistance adhesion, and an excellent dielectric multilayer film can be formed.
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Abstract
Description
以下、図を交えて、本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルムの代表的な構成について説明する。
〔1〕基材
本発明の誘導体多層膜フィルムは、基材を含んでもよい。本発明に係る基材としては、透明樹脂フィルムであることが好ましく、誘電体多層膜フィルムの支持体としての役割を果たす。本発明に係る基材は、誘電体多層膜フィルムの熱収縮率を基材の熱収縮率で除した値が1~3の範囲内となるように、材料や厚さ等が設定されているものが好ましい。
本発明に係る誘電体多層膜は、高屈折率層および低屈折率層を含む。本発明に係る誘電体多層膜は、太陽光線、赤外線、可視光線、または紫外線を反射する機能を発現するものであり、前記高屈折率層および前記低屈折率層の少なくとも1層は、光触媒作用を有する化合物を含む。
誘電体多層膜の体積収縮率の測定方法は、JIS Z8807:2012に準拠して高屈折率層および低屈折率層に含まれる樹脂の比重を測定し、水の密度を1g/cm3と仮定して、この値を硬化前の樹脂密度(g/cm3)とした。
ハードコート層の体積収縮率は、JIS Z8807:2012に準拠して樹脂の比重を測定し、水の密度を1g/cm3と仮定して、この値を硬化前の樹脂密度(g/cm3)とした。硬化後の樹脂密度を、次の手順により算出した。厚み50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートにハードコート層用塗布液を塗工し、紫外線を照射して、塗布膜を得る。この塗布膜の重量(g)、面積(cm2)、および膜厚(μm)を測定し、硬化後の樹脂密度(g/cm3)を算出する。硬化前の樹脂密度と硬化後の樹脂密度とから、上記式により体積収縮率を計算する。
本発明に係る高屈折率層の構成としては、特に制限されない。しかしながら、好ましくは第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂および第1の屈折率調整剤を含有し、前記第1の屈折率調整剤が光触媒作用を有する化合物を含有し、さらに必要に応じて、硬化剤、その他のバインダー樹脂、界面活性剤、各種添加剤等を含む構成であることが好ましい。
本発明において、第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂は、重量平均分子量が1,000~200,000であることが好ましく、3,000~40,000であることがより好ましい。
本発明に係る高屈折率層と低屈折率層とにおいては、ケン化度の異なる2種以上のポリビニルアルコールを含むことが好ましい。ここで、区別するために、高屈折率層で用いる第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂としてのポリビニルアルコールをポリビニルアルコール(A)とし、低屈折率層で用いる第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂としてのポリビニルアルコールをポリビニルアルコール(B)と称す。なお、各屈折率層が、ケン化度や重合度が異なる複数のポリビニルアルコールを含む場合には、各屈折率層中で最も含有量の高いポリビニルアルコールをそれぞれ高屈折率層におけるポリビニルアルコール(A)、および低屈折率層におけるポリビニルアルコール(B)と称する。
本発明に係る高屈折率層において、ポリビニルアルコール以外の第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂としては、第1の屈折率調整剤を含有した高屈折率層が塗膜を形成することができれば、いかなるものでも制限なく使用可能である。また、後述する低屈折率層においても、ポリビニルアルコール以外の第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂としては、前記と同様に、第2の屈折率調整剤を含有した低屈折率層が塗膜を形成することができれば、どのようなものでも制限なく使用可能である。ただし、環境の問題や塗膜の柔軟性を考慮すると、水溶性高分子(特にゼラチン、増粘多糖類、反応性官能基を有するポリマー)が好ましい。これらの水溶性高分子は単独で用いてもよいし、2種類以上を混合して用いてもよい。
本発明に係る高屈折率層に適用可能な第1の屈折率調整剤としては、無機材料であってもよいし有機材料であってもよい。一般に無機材料の方がより高屈折率であることから好ましく、屈折率が2.0以上3.0以下である金属酸化物粒子がより好ましい。なお、第1の屈折率調整剤として金属酸化物粒子を用いる場合、該金属酸化物粒子は、光触媒作用を有する化合物となりうる。
本発明においては、高屈折率層に適用する第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂を硬化させるため、硬化剤を使用することもできる。第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂と共に用いることができる硬化剤としては、当該第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂と硬化反応を起こすものであれば特に制限はない。例えば、第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂として、ポリビニルアルコールを用いる場合では、硬化剤として、ホウ酸およびその塩が好ましい。ホウ酸およびその塩以外にも公知のものが使用でき、一般的には、ポリビニルアルコールと反応し得る基を有する化合物またはポリビニルアルコールが有する異なる基同士の反応を促進するような化合物であり、適宜選択して用いられる。ホウ酸およびその塩以外の硬化剤の具体例としては、例えば、エポキシ系硬化剤(例えば、ジグリシジルエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4-ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ジグリシジルシクロヘキサン、N,N-ジグリシジル-4-グリシジルオキシアニリン、ソルビトールポリグリシジルエーテル、グリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル等)、アルデヒド系硬化剤(例えば、ホルムアルデヒド、グリオキザール等)、活性ハロゲン系硬化剤(例えば、2,4-ジクロロ-4-ヒドロキシ-1,3,5,-s-トリアジン等)、活性ビニル系化合物(例えば、1,3,5-トリスアクリロイル-ヘキサヒドロ-s-トリアジン、ビスビニルスルホニルメチルエーテル等)、アルミニウム明礬等が挙げられる。
本発明に係る低屈折率層は、第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂および第2の屈折率調整剤を含み、さらには、硬化剤、表面被覆成分、粒子表面保護剤、その他のバインダー樹脂、界面活性剤等各種添加剤を含んでもよい。
本発明に係る低屈折率層に適用する第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂として、ポリビニルアルコールが好ましく用いられる。さらに、前記高屈折率層に存在するポリビニルアルコール(A)のケン化度とは異なるポリビニルアルコール(B)が、本発明に係る低屈折率層に用いられることがより好ましい。なお、ここでの第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂の好ましい重量平均分子量等、ポリビニルアルコール(A)およびポリビニルアルコール(B)についての説明は、上記高屈折率層の第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂にて説明されており、ここでは説明を省略する。
本発明に係る低屈折率層において適用が可能な、ポリビニルアルコール以外の第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂としては、屈折率調整剤を含有した低屈折率層が塗膜を形成することができればどのようなものでも制限なく使用可能である。ただし、環境の問題や塗膜の柔軟性を考慮すると、水溶性高分子(特にゼラチン、増粘多糖類、反応性官能基を有するポリマー)が好ましい。これらの水溶性高分子は単独で用いても構わないし、2種類以上を混合して用いても構わない。
本発明に係る低屈折率層に適用する第2の屈折率調整剤としては、無機材料であってもよいし有機材料であってもよいが、第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂との相性、液安定性、コスト等の観点からシリカ(二酸化ケイ素)を用いることが好ましく、具体的な例として合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ等が挙げられる。これらのうち、酸性のコロイダルシリカゾルを用いることがより好ましく、有機溶媒に分散させたコロイダルシリカゾルを用いることがさらに好ましい。また、屈折率をより低減させるためには、低屈折率層に適用する第2の屈折率調整剤として、粒子の内部に空孔を有する中空微粒子を用いることができ、特にシリカ(二酸化ケイ素)の中空微粒子が好ましい。なお、第2の屈折率調整剤として金属酸化物粒子を用いる場合、該金属酸化物粒子は、光触媒作用を有する化合物となりうる。
本発明に係る低屈折率層において、前記高屈折率層と同様に、硬化剤をさらに含有させることができる。低屈折率層に含まれる第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂と硬化反応を起こすものであれば、特に制限されない。特に、低屈折率層に適用する第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂としてポリビニルアルコールを用いた場合の硬化剤としては、ホウ酸およびその塩、ホウ砂が好ましい。また、ホウ酸およびその塩以外にも公知のものが使用できる。
本発明に係る高屈折率層および低屈折率層には、必要に応じて各種の添加剤を含有させることができる。また、高屈折率層における添加剤の含有量は、高屈折率層の固形分100質量%に対して、0.005~20質量%であることが好ましい。当該添加剤の例を以下に記載する。
本発明においては、高屈折率層および低屈折率層の少なくとも1層が、さらに界面活性剤を含有してもよい。界面活性剤としては、両性イオン系、カチオン系、アニオン系、ノニオン系のいずれの種類も使用することができる。より好ましくは、ベタイン系両性イオン性界面活性剤、4級アンモニウム塩系カチオン性界面活性剤、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸塩系アニオン性界面活性剤、アセチレングリコール系ノニオン性界面活性剤、またはフッ素系カチオン性界面活性剤が好ましい。
本発明に係る高屈折率層または低屈折率層は、その他の添加剤として、アミノ酸、エマルジョン樹脂、リチウム化合物等を適宜選択して含有することができる。さらには、特開昭57-74193号公報、特開昭57-87988号公報、および特開昭62-261476号公報に記載の紫外線吸収剤、特開昭57-74192号、特開昭57-87989号公報、特開昭60-72785号公報、特開昭61-146591号公報、特開平1-95091号公報、および特開平3-13376号公報等に記載されている退色防止剤、特開昭59-42993号公報、特開昭59-52689号公報、特開昭62-280069号公報、特開昭61-242871号公報、および特開平4-219266号公報等に記載されている蛍光増白剤、硫酸、リン酸、酢酸、クエン酸、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウム等のpH調整剤、消泡剤、ジエチレングリコール等の潤滑剤、防腐剤、防黴剤、帯電防止剤、マット剤、熱安定剤、酸化防止剤、難燃剤、結晶核剤、無機粒子、有機粒子、減粘剤、滑剤、赤外線吸収剤、色素、顔料等の公知の各種添加剤などが挙げられる。
本発明に係る誘電体多層膜の形成方法は、特に制限されないが、基材(透明樹脂フィルム)上に、第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂および第1の屈折率調整剤を含む高屈折率層用塗布液と、第2の水溶性バインダー樹脂および第2の屈折率調整剤を含む低屈折率層用塗布液とを塗布する工程を含む製造方法が好ましい。
高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液を調製するための溶媒は、特に制限されないが、水、有機溶媒またはその混合溶媒が好ましい。
高屈折率層用塗布液中の第1の水溶性バインダー樹脂の濃度は、1~10質量%の範囲内であることが好ましい。また、高屈折率層用塗布液中の第1の屈折率調整剤(金属酸化物粒子)の濃度は、1~50質量%の範囲内であることが好ましい。
高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液の調製方法は、特に制限されず、例えば、水溶性バインダー樹脂、屈折率調整剤、および必要に応じて添加されるその他の添加剤を添加し、攪拌混合する方法が挙げられる。この際、水溶性バインダー樹脂、屈折率調整剤、および必要に応じて用いられるその他の添加剤の添加順も特に制限されず、攪拌しながら各成分を順次添加し混合してもよいし、攪拌しながら一度に添加し混合してもよい。必要に応じて、さらに溶媒を用いて、適当な粘度に調整される。
スライドホッパー塗布法により同時重層塗布を行う際の高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液の40~45℃における粘度は、5~300mPa・sが好ましく、10~250mPa・sがより好ましい。また、スライド型カーテン塗布法により同時重層塗布を行う際の高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液の40~45℃における粘度は、5~1200mPa・sが好ましく、25~500mPa・sがより好ましい。
塗布および乾燥方法は、特に制限されないが、高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液を30℃以上に加温して、基材(透明樹脂フィルム)上に高屈折率層用塗布液および低屈折率層用塗布液の同時重層塗布を行った後、形成した塗膜の温度を好ましくは1~15℃に一旦冷却し(セット)、その後10℃以上で乾燥することが好ましい。より好ましい乾燥条件は、湿球温度5~50℃、膜面温度10~50℃の範囲の条件である。また、塗布直後の冷却方式としては、形成された塗膜の均一性向上の観点から、水平セット方式で行うことが好ましい。
本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルムは、耐擦過性を高めるための表面保護層として、ハードコート層を有する。
本発明に係るハードコート層の形成に適用可能なポリシロキサン系ハードコート材料としては、下記一般式(1)で表される化合物が好ましい。
ハードコート材料として、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂を使用することも好ましい。活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂とは、紫外線や電子線のような活性エネルギー線照射により架橋反応等を経て硬化する樹脂をいう。活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂としては、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を有するモノマーを含む成分が好ましく用いられ、紫外線や電子線のような活性エネルギー線を照射することによって硬化させて、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂層、すなわちハードコート層が形成される。活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂としては紫外線硬化性樹脂や電子線硬化性樹脂等が代表的なものとして挙げられるが、紫外線照射によって硬化する紫外線硬化性樹脂が好ましい。
紫外線吸収剤の種類としては、ベンゾフェノン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、サリチル酸フェニル系、トリアジン系等が挙げられる。
酸化防止剤の種類としては、フェノール系酸化防止剤、チオール系酸化防止剤、ホスファイト系酸化防止剤、ヒンダードアミン系酸化防止剤などが挙げられる。
本発明の誘導体多層膜フィルムが赤外線遮蔽フィルムである場合においては、ハードコート層に赤外線吸収剤を含有させ、赤外吸収層としての機能も兼ね備えた層とすることが好ましい。本発明に係るハードコート層に適用可能な赤外線吸収剤としては、無機系赤外線吸収剤および有機系赤外線吸収剤のいずれも使用することができるが、無機系赤外線吸収剤が好ましく、可視光線透過率、赤外線吸収性、樹脂中への分散適性等の観点から、酸化亜鉛系赤外線吸収剤をハードコート層中に混合することがより好ましい。
本発明の誘導体多層膜フィルムは、上記説明したハードコート層と、誘導体多層膜との間に、さらに中間層を含有してもよい。該中間層の機能としては、誘電体多層膜とハードコート層との密着性を高め、さらにハードコート層の収縮応力を緩和する目的で形成される。中間層は樹脂成分で構成されていることが好ましく、例えば、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂等が挙げられる。これら樹脂成分は、単独でもまたは2種以上混合しても用いることができる。
本発明に係る中間層に適用可能なポリビニルアセタール樹脂は、ポリビニルアルコールを少なくとも1種の適当なアルデヒドとの反応によりアセタール化した樹脂であり、具体的には、ポリビニルアセタール、ポリビニルホルマール、ポリビニルブチラールや部分的にホルマール化した部分を含むポリビニルブチラール、ポリビニルブチラールアセタール等の共重合アセタール等が挙げられる。
本発明に係る中間層に適用可能なアクリル樹脂としては、アクリルモノマー、例えばメタクリル酸、アクリル酸、これらのエステルまたは塩、アクリルアミド、メタクリルアミドをポリマー構成成分とする樹脂が挙げられる。アクリルモノマーの具体例としては、例えば、アクリル酸;メタクリル酸;アクリル酸エステル、例えば、アルキルアクリレート(例えば、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、n-プロピルアクリレート、イソプロピルアクリレート、n-ブチルアクリレート、イソブチルアクリレート、t-ブチルアクリレート、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート、シクロヘキシルアクリレート、フェニルアクリレート、ベンジルアクリレート、フェニルエチルアクリレート等)、ヒドロキシ含有アルキルアクリレート(例えば、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート等);メタクリル酸エステル、例えばアルキルメタクリレート(例えば、メチルメタクリレート、エチルメタクリレート、n-プロピルメタクリレート、イソプロピルメタクリレート、n-ブチルメタクリレート、イソブチルメタクリレート、t-ブチルメタクリレート、2-エチルヘキシルメタクリレート、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート、フェニルメタクリレート、ベンジルメタクリレート、フェニルエチルメタクリレート等)、ヒドロキシ含有アルキルメタクリレート(例えば、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等);アクリルアミド;置換アクリルアミド、例えば、N-メチルアクリルアミド、N-メチロールアクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチロールアクリルアミド、N-メトキシメチルアクリルアミド等;メタクリルアミド;置換メタクリルアミド、例えばN-メチルメタクリルアミド、N-メチロールメタクリルアミド、N,N-ジメチロールメタクリルアミド、N-メトキシメチルメタクリルアミド等;アミノ基置換アルキルアクリレート、例えば、N,N-ジエチルアミノエチルアクリレート;アミノ基置換アルキルメタクリレート、例えば、N,N-ジエチルアミメタクリレート;エポキシ基含有アクリレート、例えばグリシジルアクリレート;エポキシ基含有メタクリレート、例えばグリシジルメタクリレート;アクリル酸の塩、例えばナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、アンモニウム塩;メタクリル酸の塩、例えばナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、アンモニウム塩が挙げられる。上述のアクリルモノマーは、単独でもまたは2種以上を併用することもできる。アクリル樹脂としては、メタクリル酸メチル-アクリル酸エチル-アクリル酸アンモニウム-アクリルアミド共重合体、メタクリルアミド-アクリル酸ブチル-アクリル酸ソーダ-メタクリル酸メチル-N-メチロールアクリルアミド系共重合体等が好ましく挙げられる。アクリル樹脂はアクリルエマルジョン、アクリル水溶液、アクリルディスパージョン等として製造でき、また入手できる。
ポリウレタン樹脂とは、主鎖にウレタン結合を有するポリマーの総称であり、通常ポリイソシアネートとポリオールとの反応によって得られる。ポリイソシアネートとしては、TDI(トリレンジイソシアネート)、MDI(ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート)、NDI(ナフチレンジイソシアネート)、TODI(トルイジンジイソシアネート)、HDI(ヘキサメチレンジシアネート)、IPDI(イソホロンジイソシアネート)等があり、ポリオールとしてはエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン、ヘキサントリオール等がある。また、本発明のイソシアネートとしては、ポリイソシアネートとポリオールの反応によって得られたポリウレタンポリマーに鎖延長処理をして分子量を増大させたポリマーも使用することができる。なお、本発明において記載されているポリウレタン樹脂は、1種または2種以上のポリウレタン樹脂であってもよく、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂やアクリル樹脂との混合物であってもよい。また、該ポリウレタン樹脂として、ウレタン変性アクリルポリマーも用いることができる。
本発明の誘電体多層膜は、粘着層をさらに有していてもよい。粘着層を構成する粘着剤としては、特に制限されず、例えば、アクリル系粘着剤、シリコン系粘着剤、ウレタン系粘着剤、ポリビニルブチラール系粘着剤、エチレン-酢酸ビニル系粘着剤などを例示することができる。
本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルムには、上記で説明した層の他に、本発明の目的効果を損なわない範囲で、例えば、断熱層等の機能層をさらに設けてもよい。
本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルムは、温度23℃、湿度55%RHの条件下において測定される幅手方向のカールの曲率半径(単位:m)の逆数が0以上30以下であることが好ましく、0以上25以下であることがより好ましい。この範囲であれば、誘電体多層膜フィルム全体にかかるストレスを抑えることができ、耐候密着性をさらに向上させることができる。
本発明の誘電体多層膜フィルムは、太陽光線、赤外線、可視光線、または紫外線を反射(遮蔽)する機能を発現するものである。これらの中でも、本発明の誘導体積層膜フィルムは、赤外線遮蔽フィルムまたは紫外線遮蔽フィルムとして好適に用いられる。
(低屈折率層用塗布液L1の調製)
以下に記載の各構成材料を、45℃で順次に添加した。
(10質量%、日産化学株式会社製;スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS) 430質量部
ほう酸水溶液(3質量%) 150質量部
水 85質量部
ポリビニルアルコール(4質量%、JP-45、日本酢ビ・ポバール株式会社製、重合度4500、ケン化度88mol%) 300質量部
界面活性剤(5質量%、ソフタゾリン(登録商標)LSB-R、川研ファインケミカル株式会社製) 3質量部
最後に、純水で1000質量部に仕上げ、低屈折率層用塗布液L1を調製した。
〈酸化チタンゾル水系分散液の調製〉
二酸化チタン水和物を水に懸濁させた水性懸濁液(TiO2濃度100g/L)10L(リットル)に、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(濃度10モル/L)30Lを攪拌下で添加し、90℃に昇温し、5時間熟成した後、塩酸で中和、濾過、水洗した。なお、上記反応(処理)において、二酸化チタン水和物は公知の手法に従い、硫酸チタン水溶液を熱加水分解して得られたものを用いた。
SiO2濃度が2.0質量%のケイ酸水溶液を調製した。
上記の10.0質量%酸化チタンゾル水系分散液0.5kgに、純水2kgを加えた後、90℃に加熱した。その後、2.0質量%のケイ酸水溶液1.3kgを徐々に添加し、次いで、得られた分散液をオートクレーブ中、175℃で18時間加熱処理を行い、さらに濃縮して、ルチル型構造を有する酸化チタンで、被覆層がSiO2である、20質量%のシリカ変性酸化チタン粒子のゾル水分散液を得た。このシリカ変性酸化チタン粒子は、光触媒作用を有する化合物である。
以下に記載の各構成材料を、45℃で順次に添加した。
320質量部
クエン酸水溶液(1.92質量%) 120質量部
ポリビニルアルコール(10質量%、PVA-103、重合度300、ケン化度99mol%、株式会社クラレ製) 20質量部
ほう酸水溶液(3質量%) 100質量部
ポリビニルアルコール(4質量%、PVA-124、重合度2400、ケン化度88mol%、株式会社クラレ社製) 350質量部
界面活性剤(5質量%、ソフタゾリン(登録商標)LSB-R、川研ファインケミカル株式会社製) 1質量部
純水で1000質量部に仕上げ、高屈折率層用塗布液H1を調製した。
LR1730(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、アクリル樹脂)を、エタノールで濃度が20質量%となるように溶解して、中間層用塗布液を調製した。
赤外線吸収剤としてAZO(商品名:セルナックス(登録商標)CX-Z410K、アンチモンドープ酸化亜鉛、日産化学株式会社製)を用い、紫外線硬化性樹脂として、ヒタロイド(登録商標)7975(日立化成株式会社製、紫外線硬化性アクリルアクリレート樹脂)を用い、溶媒としてメチルエチルケトンを添加した。さらに、フッ素系界面活性剤(商品名:フタージェント650A、株式会社ネオス製)を0.08質量%添加し、全固形分が40質量部、およびAZOの添加量が全固形分に対して55質量%となるように調製して、ハードコート層用塗布液を調製した。
〈誘電体多層膜(赤外線遮蔽層)の形成〉
9層重層塗布可能なスライドホッパー塗布装置を用いた。上記で調製した低屈折率層用塗布液L1および高屈折率層用塗布液H1を45℃に保温しながら、基材として45℃に加温した厚さ50μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東洋紡株式会社製A4300:両面易接着層、長さ200m×幅210mm、屈折率:1.58)上に、最下層および最上層は低屈折率層とし、それ以外は高屈折率層と低屈折率層とを交互に、乾燥時の層厚が、低屈折率層が各層150nm、高屈折率層が各層130nmになるように計9層の同時重層塗布を行った。なお、層間の混合領域(混合層)の確認および層厚の測定(確認)は、誘電体多層膜(誘電体多層膜フィルム試料)を切断して切断面をXPS表面分析装置で高屈折率層材料(TiO2)と低屈折率層材料(SiO2)の存在量を測定することで、上記した各層の層厚が確保されていることが確認できた。
次に、誘電体多層膜A上に、中間層用塗布液を、乾燥層厚が6.0μmになるように、ワイヤーバーを用いて塗布し、乾燥を行い、中間層を形成した。
上記で形成した中間層上に、上記調製したハードコート層用塗布液を、ワイヤーバーを用いて、乾燥層厚が8.5μmとなる条件で塗布した後、乾燥区間温度90℃で乾燥後、紫外線ランプを用い照射部の照度が100mW/cm2で、照射量を0.5J/cm2としてハードコート層を硬化させ、ハードコート層を形成し、誘電体多層膜フィルム1を作製した。ハードコート層の屈折率は、1.59であった。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して65質量%とし、乾燥層厚が7.0μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム2を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して75質量%とし、乾燥層厚が5.5μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム3を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液の樹脂成分を、ヒタロイド(登録商標)7975から紫光UV-7600B(日本合成化学株式会社製、紫外線硬化性ウレタンアクリレート樹脂)に変更し、AZO濃度を全固形分に対して50質量%とし、さらにハードコート層の乾燥層厚が9.2μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム4を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して55質量%とし、乾燥層厚が8.5μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例4と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム5を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して65質量%とし、乾燥層厚が7.0μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例5と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム6を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して75質量%とし、乾燥層厚が6.0μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム7を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液のAZO濃度を全固形分に対して80質量%とし、乾燥層厚が5.5μmになるようにハードコート層を形成したこと以外は、実施例7と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム8を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液の樹脂成分を紫光UV-7600Bから紫光UV-7650B(日本合成化学株式会社製、紫外線硬化性ウレタンアクリレート樹脂)に変更したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム9を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液の樹脂成分を紫光UV-7650BからETERMER2382(ETERNAL CHEMICAL社製、ペンタエリスリトールエチレンオキサイド変性テトラアクリレート)に変更したこと以外は、実施例9と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム10を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液に紫外線吸収剤Tinuvin(登録商標)234(BASF社製)を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して0.1質量%となるように添加したこと以外は、実施例6と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム11を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のTinuvin(登録商標)234の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して1.5質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム12を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のTinuvin(登録商標)234の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して3.0質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム13を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のTinuvin(登録商標)234の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して3.5質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例11と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム14を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中に酸化防止剤であるアデカスタブLA-52(株式会社ADEKA製)を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して0.1質量%となるように添加したこと以外は、実施例12と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム15を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のLA-52の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して1.5質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例15と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム16を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のLA-52の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して3.0質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例15と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム17を作製した。
ハードコート層用塗布液中のLA-52の添加量を、ハードコート層の全固形分に対して3.5質量%となるように変更したこと以外は、実施例15と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム18を作製した。
中間層用塗布液に対して、SeRM Super Polymer A-1000(アドバンスト・ソフトマテリアルズ社製、ヒドロキシ基含有ポリロタキサン)を固形分で3質量%の濃度となるようにさらに添加したこと以外は、実施例16と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム19を作製した。
中間層用塗布液に対して、SeRM Super Polymer A-1000を、固形分で5質量%の濃度になるようにさらに添加したこと以外は、実施例16と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム20を作製した。
LR1730の代わりに、アクリット 8UA-301(大成ファインケミカル株式会社製、ウレタン変性アクリルポリマー)をMEK(メチルエチルケトン)で固形分30質量%になるように希釈したものを中間層用塗布液として用いたこと以外は、実施例16と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム21を作製した。
(誘電体多層膜フィルム(紫外線遮蔽フィルム)の作製)
〈誘電体多層膜(紫外線遮蔽層)の形成〉
低屈折率層の各層の層厚を50nmとし、高屈折率層の各層の層厚を43nmとなるように塗布したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、誘電体多層膜を作製した。次に、ポリシロキサン系ハードコート BP-16N(株式会社動研製)を乾燥層厚が3μmになるようにして塗布してハードコート層を形成し、50℃で5日間エージングすることにより、紫外線遮蔽性を有する誘電体多層膜フィルム22を作製した。
〔誘電体多層膜フィルム23の作製:比較例1〕
ヒタロイド(登録商標)7975の代わりにビームセット(登録商標)577(荒川化学工業株式会社製、ウレタンアクリレート)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム23を作製した。
ヒタロイド(登録商標)7975の代わりにアロニックス(登録商標)M305(東亞合成株式会社製、ウレタンアクリレート)を用いたこと以外は、実施例2と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム24を作製した。
アロニックス(登録商標)M305の代わりにDPHA(ダイセル・サイテック株式会社製、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート)を用いたこと以外は、比較例2と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム25を作製した。
アロニックス(登録商標)M305の代わりにHDDA(ダイセル・サイテック株式会社製、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート)を用いたこと以外は、比較例2と同様にして、誘電体多層膜フィルム26を作製した。
体積収縮率の測定方法は、JIS Z8807:2012に準拠して樹脂の比重を測定し、水の密度を1g/cm3と仮定して、この値を硬化前の樹脂密度(g/cm3)とした。
中間層のヤング率の測定は、誘電体多層膜フィルムのハードコート層を形成しない状態で、中間層の表面の試験力(荷重)-押し込み深さ曲線を測定し、ポアソン比は中間層単膜を別途作製して測定した。中間層の単膜はガラス上にアプリケーターを用いて中間層溶液を製膜し、100℃、3分かけて乾燥させて形成した。株式会社島津製作所製の島津ダイナミック超微小硬度計DUH-211Sを用いて測定された試験力(荷重)-押し込み深さ曲線と、株式会社オリエンテック製のテンシロンRTA-100を用いて測定されたポアソン比とから、ヤング率を算出した。
誘電体多層膜フィルムのカールの測定は、JIS K7619:1988の「写真フィルムのカールの測定法」中の方法Aのカール測定用型板を用いて行った。ここで、カールがプラスとはフィルムのハードコート層塗設側が湾曲の内側になるカールを言い、マイナスとは塗設側が湾曲の外側になるカールをいう。また、カールは以下の数式Aで表される。
(接着層の形成とガラス基材との接合)
上記で作製した誘電体多層膜フィルム1~26の誘電体多層膜B上に、粘着層として、厚さ10μmのポリビニルブチラール中にTinuvin(登録商標)477を5%含有する層を形成した。その後、該粘着層上に、厚さ3mmのクリアガラスを積層し、ガラスのエッジ部からはみ出した余剰部分を除去した後、140℃で30分間加熱し、加圧脱気して合わせ処理を行い、誘導体多層膜ユニット1~26を作製した。
上記作製した誘電体多層膜ユニット1~26について、下記の各評価を行った。
誘電体多層膜ユニットのハードコート層面を#0000のスチールウールに500g/cm2の荷重をかけて、ストローク100mm、速度30mm/secで10往復摩擦した後の表面を目視で傷の本数を計測し、傷本数に対して、以下の基準によりランク付けを行った。
4:傷1~10本
3:傷11本~30本
2:傷31本~50本
1:傷51本以上。
上記作製した誘電体多層膜ユニット1~26について、下記の方法に従って耐候密着性を評価した。
ガラス側を光源として、サンシャインウェザーメーター(S80HB、スガ試験機株式会社製)を用い、温度40℃、湿度50%RHの環境下で、放射照度255W/m2(300-700nm)の光を2000時間連続して照射し、加速劣化処理を施した。
作製直後(初期)および加速劣化処理後の各誘電体多層膜ユニットについて、下記の方法に従って密着性を評価した。
Claims (13)
- 高屈折率層および低屈折率層を積層した誘電体多層膜と、
ハードコート層と、
を有し、
前記高屈折率層および前記低屈折率層の少なくとも1層が光触媒作用を有する化合物を含有し、
前記誘電体多層膜を厚み方向で2等分したとき前記ハードコート層から遠い側半分の前記誘電体多層膜の体積収縮率と前記ハードコート層の体積収縮率との差が0.1%以上10%未満である、誘電体多層膜フィルム。 - 前記誘導体多層膜を厚み方向で2等分したとき前記ハードコート層から遠い側半分の前記誘導体多層膜の体積収縮率と前記ハードコート層の体積収縮率との差が、1%以上7%以下である、請求項1に記載の誘導体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記誘電体多層膜と前記ハードコート層との間に、ヤング率が1.0×10-3GPa以上2.0×101GPa以下である中間層をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 温度23℃、湿度55%RHの条件下において測定される幅手方向のカールの曲率半径(単位:m)の逆数が0以上30以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記ハードコート層が紫外線吸収剤をさらに含む、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤の含有量が、前記ハードコート層の全質量に対して0.1質量%以上3質量%以下である、請求項5に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記ハードコート層が酸化防止剤をさらに含む、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記酸化防止剤の含有量が、前記ハードコート層の全質量に対して0.1質量%以上3質量%以下である、請求項7に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 赤外線遮蔽フィルムである、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 前記ハードコート層が赤外線吸収剤をさらに含み、前記赤外線吸収剤の含有量が、前記ハードコート層の全質量に対して55質量%以上80質量%以下である、請求項9に記載の誘導体積層膜フィルム。
- 紫外線遮蔽フィルムである、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルム。
- 基材の少なくとも一方の面に前記誘電体多層膜および前記ハードコート層を有する、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載の誘導体多層膜フィルム。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載の誘電体多層膜フィルムを有する、合わせガラス。
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| JP2015522794A JPWO2014199990A1 (ja) | 2013-06-14 | 2014-06-10 | 誘電体多層膜フィルム |
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| JPWO2014199990A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| US20160146993A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
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