WO2014175397A1 - Cmp用研磨液及びこれを用いた研磨方法 - Google Patents
Cmp用研磨液及びこれを用いた研磨方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014175397A1 WO2014175397A1 PCT/JP2014/061612 JP2014061612W WO2014175397A1 WO 2014175397 A1 WO2014175397 A1 WO 2014175397A1 JP 2014061612 W JP2014061612 W JP 2014061612W WO 2014175397 A1 WO2014175397 A1 WO 2014175397A1
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- polishing
- cmp
- ruthenium
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- H10P52/403—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1436—Composite particles, e.g. coated particles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
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- H10P14/418—
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- H10P14/43—
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- H10W20/038—
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- H10W20/062—
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- H10W20/425—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a CMP polishing liquid for polishing a ruthenium-based metal, and a polishing method using the same.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- a damascene method for forming damascene wiring has been mainly employed in order to increase the integration density and performance of LSIs.
- An example of the damascene method will be described with reference to FIG.
- a groove (recess) 2 is formed on the surface of the insulating material 1 (FIGS. 1A and 1B).
- the wiring metal 3 is deposited to fill the groove 2 (FIG. 1C).
- unevenness is formed on the surface of the wiring metal 3 due to the influence of the unevenness of the insulating material 1.
- the wiring metal 3 other than the portion buried in the groove 2 is removed by CMP (FIG. 1D).
- a copper-based metal (copper, copper alloy, etc.) is often used. Copper-based metals can diffuse into the insulating material. In order to prevent this, a layered barrier metal is provided between the copper-based metal and the insulating material.
- a tantalum metal, a titanium metal, or the like is used.
- these barrier metals have low adhesion to copper-based metals. Therefore, instead of directly forming the wiring part on the barrier metal, in order to maintain the adhesion between the copper-based metal and the barrier metal, a copper-based metal thin film (copper seed layer) called a seed layer is provided after the copper-based metal is provided. It is common to deposit metal. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the insulating material 1 having a recess on the surface
- the barrier metal 4 provided on the insulating material 1 so as to follow the surface shape of the insulating material 1
- the shape of the barrier metal 4 A substrate (base body) having a seed layer 5 provided on the barrier metal 4 so as to follow, and a wiring metal 3 provided on the seed layer 5 so as to fill the recess and cover the entire surface. Used.
- the formation of the barrier metal 4 and the seed layer 5 may be performed by physical vapor deposition (hereinafter referred to as “PVD method”).
- PVD method physical vapor deposition
- FIG. 3A a metal (barrier metal or seed) formed on the inner wall surface of the groove portion by the PVD method in the vicinity of the opening portion of the groove portion (recess portion) formed in the insulating material 1.
- Layer 6 tends to be partially thick.
- the generation of voids 7 becomes conspicuous when the metals provided on the inner wall surface of the groove contact each other.
- a method using a ruthenium-based metal having excellent adhesion to a copper-based metal has been studied. That is, a method using a ruthenium metal as a seed layer replacing a copper metal, or a method of providing a ruthenium metal between a seed layer using a copper metal and a barrier metal has been proposed.
- the ruthenium-based metal can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition method (Chemical Vapor Deposition, hereinafter referred to as “CVD method”) or an atomic layer deposition method (Atomic Layer Deposition, hereinafter referred to as “ALD method”).
- CVD method or the ALD method can easily suppress the generation of vacancies and can cope with the formation of fine wiring.
- a part of the ruthenium-based metal needs to be removed by CMP in the process of forming the damascene wiring.
- several methods for polishing noble metals have been proposed. For example, using a polishing liquid containing abrasive particles and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of diketones, heterocyclic compounds, urea compounds and amphoteric compounds, platinum, iridium, ruthenium, rhenium, rhodium, A method of polishing a noble metal such as palladium, silver, osmium, or gold has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below). In addition, a method for polishing a noble metal using a chemical mechanical polishing system including an abrasive, a liquid carrier, and a sulfonic acid compound or a salt thereof has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 2 below).
- ruthenium-based metal formed by CVD method or ALD method is extremely difficult to remove by polishing as compared with ruthenium-based metal formed by PVD method, and the present inventors have several polishing rates in polishing under the same conditions. I found it more than doubled.
- the conventional polishing liquid cannot achieve an excellent polishing rate in polishing ruthenium-based metal formed by a method other than the PVD method.
- a polishing liquid capable of expressing a polishing rate that has no practical problem is desired even for ruthenium-based metals formed by a method other than the PVD method (for example, a CVD method or an ALD method).
- the present invention provides a CMP polishing liquid capable of improving the polishing rate of a ruthenium-based metal as compared with the case where a conventional CMP polishing liquid is used, and a polishing method using the same.
- the present inventor has found that abrasive particles having a negative zeta potential in the CMP polishing liquid, a specific acid component, an oxidizing agent, and water, and have a pH of less than 7.0. It was found that the polishing rate of ruthenium-based metal can be improved by using the CMP polishing liquid as compared with the case of using the conventional CMP polishing liquid, and the present invention has been completed.
- the first embodiment of the polishing slurry for CMP according to the present invention is a polishing slurry for CMP for polishing a ruthenium-based metal, and contains polishing particles, an acid component, an oxidizing agent, and water.
- the acid component includes at least one selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, monocarboxylic acids, carboxylic acids having a plurality of carboxyl groups and no hydroxyl groups, and salts thereof, and the abrasive particles are for CMP.
- the polishing liquid has a negative zeta potential, and the pH of the CMP polishing liquid is less than 7.0.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved as compared with the case of using the conventional polishing slurry for CMP.
- the reason why such an effect is obtained is estimated as follows. That is, in the ruthenium-based metal CMP using the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment, the acid component reacts with the ruthenium-based metal to form a ruthenium complex, and the pH is less than 7.0. It is estimated that the ruthenium-based metal can be polished at high speed by electrostatically attracting abrasive particles having a negative zeta potential and the ruthenium-based metal.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate formed by a method other than the PVD method is used when the conventional CMP polishing liquid is used. It can be improved in comparison. Further, according to the polishing slurry for CMP according to the first embodiment, it is possible to polish the ruthenium-based metal formed by the PVD method at an excellent polishing rate.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment may further contain a triazole compound. Thereby, the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal can be further improved.
- the pH of the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment is preferably 1.0 to 6.0. Thereby, the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal can be further improved.
- the present inventor has further found the following knowledge.
- the wiring metal is exposed to the CMP polishing liquid in the step of polishing and removing the ruthenium-based metal.
- the CMP polishing liquid may contain an oxidizing agent and / or the CMP polishing liquid may have a low pH.
- the wiring metal is subject to galvanic attack (interfacial erosion, etc.) by the ruthenium-based metal in the CMP polishing liquid. receive.
- galvanic corrosion When such a galvanic attack occurs, the wiring metal is etched (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “galvanic corrosion”), so that the circuit performance deteriorates. Thus, since galvanic corrosion brings about deterioration of circuit performance, it is preferable to suppress galvanic corrosion as much as possible.
- two different metals in electrical contact form a galvanic cell when they are in contact with the electrolyte (eg, immersed in the electrolyte).
- the first metal that constitutes the anode corrodes at a faster rate than the absence of the second metal that constitutes the cathode.
- the second metal constituting the cathode corrodes at a slower rate than when the first metal constituting the anode is not present.
- the driving force of the corrosion process is the potential difference between the two metals, specifically the open circuit potential (open circuit potential, corrosion potential) of the two metals in a particular electrolyte.
- the inventor when polishing the substrate having the ruthenium-based metal and the wiring metal, the inventor has an open circuit potential difference (open circuit potential difference, corrosion potential difference) of the ruthenium-based metal with respect to the wiring metal in the CMP polishing liquid. It has been found that when the voltage is 0 mV, the corrosion rate of the wiring metal due to the galvanic bond with the ruthenium-based metal is reduced, and the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal by the CMP polishing liquid is suppressed.
- the polishing slurry for CMP contains abrasive particles having a negative zeta potential, a specific acid component, and an oxidizing agent in the polishing slurry for CMP.
- the difference AB between the corrosion potential A of the ruthenium-based metal and the corrosion potential B of the wiring metal is small, the ruthenium-based metal can be polished at a high speed and the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed.
- the second embodiment of the CMP polishing liquid according to the present invention is a CMP polishing liquid for polishing a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal and a wiring metal, and includes polishing particles, an acid component, and an oxidizing agent.
- Water and the acid component includes at least one selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, monocarboxylic acids, carboxylic acids having a plurality of carboxyl groups and no hydroxyl groups, and salts thereof
- the abrasive particles have a negative zeta potential in the CMP polishing liquid, and the difference AB between the corrosion potential A of the ruthenium-based metal and the corrosion potential B of the wiring metal in the CMP polishing liquid is ⁇ 500 to 0 mV.
- the polishing slurry for CMP has a pH of less than 7.0.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved and the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed as compared with the case where the conventional CMP polishing solution is used. .
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment preferably further contains a first anticorrosive agent represented by the following general formula (I).
- a first anticorrosive agent represented by the following general formula (I).
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment preferably further contains a second anticorrosive agent.
- a second anticorrosive agent is more preferably a triazole compound (however, excluding the first anticorrosive agent).
- the polishing slurry for CMP according to the second embodiment preferably further contains a quaternary phosphonium salt. Thereby, it becomes easy to improve the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal.
- the quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of triarylphosphonium salts and tetraarylphosphonium salts. Thereby, it becomes easier to further improve the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- the quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (II).
- each benzene ring may have a substituent
- R 2 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group which may have a substituent
- X ⁇ represents an anion.
- the pH of the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment is preferably 3.5 or more. Thereby, the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be further suppressed.
- the acid component may be at least one selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, salicylic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and salts thereof. preferable. Thereby, it becomes easy to maintain a practical polishing rate.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present invention can be stored, transported and used by dividing the components of the CMP polishing liquid into a plurality of liquids.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present invention may be stored separately for the first liquid containing the abrasive particles and the acid component and the second liquid containing the oxidizing agent. Thereby, decomposition
- the polishing method according to the present invention comprises a step of polishing at least a part of the ruthenium-based metal by polishing a substrate having the ruthenium-based metal using the CMP polishing liquid.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved as compared with the case where a conventional CMP polishing liquid is used.
- the polishing rate of a ruthenium-based metal formed by a method other than the PVD method for example, the CVD method or the ALD method
- ruthenium-based metal formed by the PVD method can be polished at an excellent polishing rate.
- the base may further include a wiring metal.
- the wiring metal is preferably a copper-based metal.
- the characteristics of the CMP polishing liquid can be fully utilized, and the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved.
- the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal can be improved, and the galvanic corrosion of the copper-based metal can be suppressed.
- the polishing method according to the present invention may further include a step of forming a ruthenium-based metal on the substrate by a formation method other than the PVD method and preparing a substrate having the ruthenium-based metal.
- the forming method may be at least one selected from the group consisting of a CVD method and an ALD method.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved as compared with the case where a conventional CMP polishing liquid is used.
- the polishing rate of a ruthenium-based metal formed by a method other than the PVD method can be improved as compared with the case of using a conventional CMP polishing liquid.
- the ruthenium-type metal formed by PVD method can also be grind
- the application (use) of the polishing slurry for CMP can be provided for polishing a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal.
- CMP can improve at least the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate and suppress the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal as compared with the case of using a conventional CMP polishing liquid.
- a polishing liquid and a polishing method using the same can also be provided.
- application (use) of the polishing liquid for CMP can be provided for polishing a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal and a wiring metal.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a damascene method for forming damascene wiring.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a substrate in which a seed layer is provided between a copper-based metal and a barrier metal.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of a metal formed by the PVD method.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a substrate on which a ruthenium-based metal is provided instead of the copper seed layer.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a substrate in which a ruthenium-based metal is provided between a copper seed layer and a barrier metal.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a process of polishing a substrate using a CMP polishing liquid.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment is a CMP polishing liquid for polishing a ruthenium-based metal.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment includes (a) polishing particles (abrasive grains) having a negative zeta potential in the CMP polishing liquid, and (b) an inorganic acid, a monocarboxylic acid, and a plurality of carboxyl groups. Polishing for CMP, comprising an acid component containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid having no hydroxyl group and a salt thereof, (c) an oxidizing agent, and (d) water.
- the pH of the liquid is less than 7.0.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment is a CMP polishing liquid for polishing a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal and a wiring metal.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment includes (a) abrasive particles (abrasive grains) having a negative zeta potential in the CMP polishing liquid, and (b) an inorganic acid, a monocarboxylic acid, and a plurality of carboxyl groups.
- the difference AB between the corrosion potential A of the ruthenium-based metal and the corrosion potential B of the wiring metal is ⁇ 500 to 0 mV.
- the polishing slurry for CMP according to the second embodiment has a pH of less than 7.0.
- abrasive particles In general, since abrasive particles have a predetermined hardness, a mechanical action resulting from the hardness contributes to the progress of polishing.
- the abrasive particles used in the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment have a negative (minus) zeta potential in the CMP polishing liquid having a pH of less than 7.0 (that is, the zeta potential is 0 mV). Smaller). This improves the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- the zeta potential is preferably ⁇ 2 mV or less, more preferably ⁇ 5 mV or less, further preferably ⁇ 10 mV or less, particularly preferably ⁇ 15 mV or less, and extremely preferably ⁇ 20 mV or less.
- the absolute value of the zeta potential is thus large (that is, away from 0 mV) from the viewpoint of suppressing the aggregation of the abrasive particles due to the repulsion of the abrasive particles.
- the zeta potential can be measured by, for example, a product name: DELSA NANO C manufactured by Beckman Coulter.
- the zeta potential ( ⁇ [mV]) can be measured by the following procedure. First, in the zeta potential measurement device, the scattering intensity of the measurement sample is 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 cps (where “cps” means counts per second, that is, counts per second, A sample is obtained by diluting the CMP polishing liquid with pure water so that Then, the sample is put into a zeta potential measurement cell and the zeta potential is measured. In order to adjust the scattering intensity to the above range, for example, the polishing slurry for CMP is diluted so that the content of the abrasive particles is 1.7 to 1.8% by mass.
- the abrasive particles are not particularly limited as long as the surface potential (zeta potential) is negative in the CMP polishing liquid, but selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, zirconia, ceria, titania, germania, and modified products thereof. At least one of these is preferred.
- silica and alumina are preferable, and colloidal silica and colloidal alumina are more preferable from the viewpoint of good dispersion stability in the CMP polishing liquid and a small number of polishing scratches (scratches) generated by CMP. Colloidal silica is more preferable.
- the zeta potential can change depending on the pH of the CMP polishing liquid described later. For this reason, when the abrasive particles show a positive zeta potential in the polishing liquid for CMP, for example, the zeta potential of the abrasive particles is adjusted to be negative by applying a known method such as modifying the surface of the abrasive particles. it can.
- a known method such as modifying the surface of the abrasive particles.
- examples of such abrasive particles include modified products obtained by modifying the surface of abrasive particles such as silica, alumina, zirconia, ceria, titania, and germania with sulfo groups or aluminate.
- the upper limit of the average particle size of the abrasive particles is preferably 200 nm or less, more preferably 100 nm or less, and more preferably 80 nm or less from the viewpoint of good dispersion stability in the polishing liquid for CMP and a small number of polishing scratches generated by CMP. Is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the average particle size of the abrasive particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 nm or more.
- the lower limit of the average particle size of the abrasive particles is more preferably 10 nm or more, further preferably 20 nm or more, particularly preferably 30 nm or more, and extremely preferably 40 nm or more from the viewpoint that the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is easily improved.
- the “average particle diameter” of the abrasive particles means the average secondary particle diameter of the abrasive particles.
- the average particle diameter is the value of D50 (median diameter of volume distribution, cumulative median value) measured by a CMP light polishing slurry using a dynamic light scattering particle size distribution meter (for example, product name: COULTER Electronics 4 manufactured by COULTER Electronics). ).
- the average particle diameter can be measured by the following procedure. First, 100 ⁇ L of CMP polishing liquid (L represents liter; the same applies hereinafter) is weighed, and the content of abrasive particles is around 0.05 mass% (measurement transmittance (H) is 60 to 70%). The diluted solution is obtained by diluting with ion-exchanged water so that the content can be obtained. And an average particle diameter can be measured by throwing a dilution liquid into the sample tank of a dynamic light scattering type particle size distribution analyzer, and reading the value displayed as D50.
- the content of the abrasive particles is preferably 1.0% by mass or more, more preferably 5.0% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that a good polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal can be easily obtained. 10.0 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the content of the abrasive particles is preferably 50.0% by mass or less, more preferably 30.0% by mass or less, more preferably 20.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint of easily suppressing the occurrence of polishing scratches. A mass% or less is more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present embodiment is composed of an inorganic acid component (inorganic acid, inorganic acid salt, etc.) and an organic acid component (organic acid, organic acid salt, etc.) for the purpose of improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- an acid component containing at least one selected from the group specifically, an inorganic acid, a monocarboxylic acid (a carboxylic acid having one carboxyl group), a carboxyl having a plurality of carboxyl groups and no hydroxyl group
- An acid and an acid component containing at least one selected from the group consisting of these salts are contained.
- the specific acid component reacts with the ruthenium metal to form a complex, so that it is considered that a high polishing rate for the ruthenium metal can be obtained.
- the specific acid component can also increase the polishing rate of these metals.
- Examples of the inorganic acid component include nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, chromic acid, and salts thereof.
- the inorganic acid component is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, phosphoric acid and salts thereof, more preferably nitric acid, phosphoric acid and phosphate, from the viewpoint of easily maintaining a practical polishing rate. And phosphoric acid are more preferred, and phosphoric acid is particularly preferred.
- Examples of inorganic acid salts include ammonium salts. Examples of ammonium salts include ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfate.
- the organic acid component may be a monocarboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid having a plurality of carboxyl groups and not having a hydroxyl group, and a compound corresponding to any of these salts. Any of carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, etc.), amino acid, pyran compound, ketone compound and the like may be used.
- the organic acid component is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy acid, a monocarboxylic acid and a dicarboxylic acid, and more preferably a hydroxy acid, from the viewpoint of easily maintaining a practical polishing rate.
- the organic acid component may be any of saturated carboxylic acid, unsaturated carboxylic acid, aromatic carboxylic acid and the like.
- Monocarboxylic acids include glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, salicylic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, 2-methylbutyric acid, n-hexanoic acid, 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid, 2-ethylbutyric acid 4-methylpentanoic acid, n-heptanoic acid, 2-methylhexanoic acid, n-octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, benzoic acid, glyceric acid and the like.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid having a plurality of carboxyl groups and having no hydroxyl group include fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, and phthalic acid. It is done.
- Examples of organic acid salts include ammonium salts. Examples of ammonium salts include ammonium acetate.
- organic acid component from the viewpoint of easily maintaining a practical polishing rate, from the group consisting of glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, salicylic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and salts thereof At least one selected is preferable, and at least one hydroxy acid selected from the group consisting of glycolic acid, lactic acid and salicylic acid is more preferable.
- nitric acid phosphoric acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, glycine, alanine, salicylic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and salts thereof from the viewpoint of easily maintaining a practical polishing rate. It is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of
- the acid component may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the acid component is preferably 0.01% by mass or more and 0.5% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint of easily improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- the above is more preferable, 1.0% by mass or more is further preferable, and 1.5% by mass or more is particularly preferable.
- the content of the acid component is preferably 20.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the CMP polishing liquid, from the same viewpoint and the viewpoint of excellent polishing liquid stability. 0 mass% or less is more preferable, and 2.0 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the content of the acid component is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, preferably 0.1% by mass, based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint of easily improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- the above is more preferable, 0.2% by mass or more is further preferable, and 0.3% by mass or more is particularly preferable.
- the content of the acid component is preferably 1.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP. 7 mass% or less is more preferable, and 0.5 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment contains a metal oxidizing agent (hereinafter simply referred to as “oxidizing agent”).
- oxidizing agent compounds corresponding to the acid component are excluded.
- the oxidizing agent is not particularly limited, but includes hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, ozone water, periodic acid, periodate, iodate, bromate, persulfate, cerium nitrate, etc. It is done. From the viewpoint of further improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal by oxidizing the ruthenium portion of the ruthenium-based metal trivalently in the acidic solution, hydrogen peroxide is preferable as the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen peroxide may be used as a hydrogen peroxide solution. Examples of salts such as periodate, iodate, bromate, persulfate, and cerium nitrate include ammonium salts. An oxidizing agent may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the content of the oxidizing agent is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the CMP polishing liquid, from the viewpoint of further improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate. 0.01% by mass or more is more preferable, 0.02% by mass or more is particularly preferable, and 0.03% by mass or more is very preferable.
- the content of the oxidizing agent is preferably 50.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that the surface after polishing is less likely to be rough.
- 0 mass% or less is still more preferable, 0.5 mass% or less is especially preferable, and 0.1 mass% or less is very preferable.
- an oxidizing agent that is generally available as an aqueous solution such as aqueous hydrogen peroxide, can be adjusted so that the content of the oxidizing agent contained in the aqueous solution falls within the above range in the CMP polishing liquid.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment can further contain a triazole compound for the purpose of further improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium metal.
- the cause of this effect is not necessarily clear, but because the CMP polishing liquid contains a triazole compound, the nitrogen atom (N atom) in the triazole compound is coordinated to the ruthenium metal and is brittle. It is presumed that the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is further improved by forming the reaction layer. Further, the triazole compound has an effect of suppressing the etching of the wiring metal.
- the triazole-based compound a known compound as an anticorrosive or protective film forming agent can be used without particular limitation.
- the triazole compound is not particularly limited, but 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 1-hydroxybenzotriazo -L, 1-hydroxypropylbenzotriazole, 2,3-dicarboxypropylbenzotriazole, 4-hydroxybenzotriazole, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole Methyl ester, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole butyl ester, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole octyl ester, 5-hexylbenzotriazole, [1,2,3-benzotriazolyl-1-methyl ] [1,2,4-triazolyl-1-methyl] [2-dfordxyl] amine, benzotriazole, 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole (also known as tolyltriazole), 5-ethy
- the triazole-based compound As the triazole-based compound, a compound represented by the following general formula (I) is preferable. As a result, the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is further improved. The cause of this effect is not necessarily clear, but the compound represented by the general formula (I) is likely to coordinate to the ruthenium metal among the triazole compounds, so that the polishing rate of the ruthenium metal is improved. It is estimated that Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include benzotriazole, 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 5-ethyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 5-propyl (-1H-) benzotriazole and the like. Can be mentioned. [In Formula (I), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. ]
- 1,2,4-triazole is preferable from the viewpoint of further improving the ruthenium metal polishing rate.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is further improved. That is, in the CMP polishing liquid according to the first embodiment, it is preferable to use the compound represented by the general formula (I) and 1,2,4-triazole in combination.
- 1,2,4-triazole is a compound that easily coordinates to a ruthenium-based metal and is easily soluble in water among triazole-based compounds.
- 1,2,4-triazole in combination, it becomes easier to form a ruthenium-based metal complex than when these compounds are used alone, and the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is increased. It is estimated that it can be improved.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be further improved as compared with the case where one triazole-based compound is used alone. it can.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is preferably 0.001% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal.
- the content is more preferably 01% by mass or more, further preferably 0.1% by mass or more, particularly preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and extremely preferably 0.3% by mass or more.
- the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP. 2.0 mass% or less is more preferable, and 1.0 mass% or less is particularly preferable.
- the content of the triazole-based compound is preferably 0.001% by mass or more and more preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of easily improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal. 0.1% by mass or more is more preferable.
- the content of the triazole-based compound is preferably 30.0% by mass or less, preferably 10.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint that the reduction of the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is easily suppressed. The following is more preferable, and 5.0% by mass or less is further preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment preferably contains a compound represented by the following general formula (I) as the first anticorrosive.
- a compound represented by the following general formula (I) as the first anticorrosive.
- Examples of the first anticorrosive agent include benzotriazole, 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 5-ethyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 5-propyl (-1H-) benzotriazole and the like.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- the content of the first anticorrosive is preferably 0.001% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that the etching of the wiring metal is easily suppressed and the surface to be polished is less likely to be rough. 0.01 mass% or more is more preferable, 0.1 mass% or more is still more preferable, 0.2 mass% or more is especially preferable, and 0.3 mass% or more is very preferable.
- the content of the first anticorrosive is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, preferably 5.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that the polishing rate of the wiring metal and the barrier metal is difficult to decrease. Is more preferable, 2.0 mass% or less is still more preferable, and 1.0 mass% or less is especially preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment makes it easy to improve the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal and is different from the first anticorrosive agent for the purpose of more effectively suppressing the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal. It is preferable to contain the anticorrosive agent.
- the second anticorrosive agent a known compound as an anticorrosive agent or a protective film forming agent can be used without particular limitation, and among them, a triazole compound (however, excluding the first anticorrosive agent) is preferable.
- the polishing liquid for CMP contains a triazole compound
- a nitrogen atom (N atom) in the triazole compound is coordinated to the ruthenium metal, and a reaction layer that is fragile but resistant to galvanic corrosion is formed. It is presumed that the galvanic corrosion can be suppressed while the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is improved.
- the triazole compound is not particularly limited, but 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 1-hydroxybenzotriazo -L, 1-hydroxypropylbenzotriazole, 2,3-dicarboxypropylbenzotriazole, 4-hydroxybenzotriazole, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole Methyl ester, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole butyl ester, 4-carboxyl (-1H-) benzotriazole octyl ester, 5-hexylbenzotriazole, [1,2,3-benzotriazolyl-1-methyl ] [1,2,4-triazolyl-1-methyl] [2-d Hexyl] amine, naphthotriazole, bis [(1-benzotriazolyl) methyl] compound having a skeleton such as
- 1,2,4-triazole is preferable.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is further improved. That is, in the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment, it is preferable to use 1,2,4-triazole in combination with the first anticorrosive agent.
- 1,2,4-triazole is a compound that easily coordinates to a ruthenium-based metal among triazole-based compounds and is easily soluble in water.
- the anticorrosive agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the second anticorrosive agent may be used alone as the anticorrosive agent.
- the content of the second anticorrosive is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.01% by mass or more, based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint of further improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate. Preferably, 0.1 mass% or more is more preferable.
- the content of the second anticorrosive is preferably 30.0% by mass or less, preferably 10.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint that the reduction in the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate is easily suppressed.
- the mass% or less is more preferable, and 5.0 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the second embodiment preferably further contains a quaternary phosphonium salt from the viewpoint of easily increasing the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- the quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a triarylphosphonium salt and a tetraarylphosphonium salt, and more preferably a tetraarylphosphonium salt, from the viewpoint of further improving the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate.
- Examples of the substituent bonded to the phosphorus atom of the quaternary phosphonium salt include an aryl group, an alkyl group, and a vinyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group bonded to the phosphorus atom include a phenyl group, a benzyl group, and a naphthyl group, and a phenyl group is preferable.
- the alkyl group bonded to the phosphorus atom may be a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group.
- the chain length of the alkyl group is preferably in the following range based on the number of carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably 4 or more.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably 14 or less, and more preferably 7 or less. If the alkyl group has 14 or less carbon atoms, the storage stability of the CMP polishing liquid tends to be excellent.
- the chain length is determined by the longest chain length.
- Examples of the substituent bonded to the phosphorus atom include a halogen group, a hydroxy group (hydroxyl group), a nitro group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, a formyl group, an amino group (such as an alkylamino group), a naphthyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and a carboxy group. These substituents may be further bonded.
- an aryl group having a substituent includes 2-hydroxybenzyl group, 2-chlorobenzyl group, 4-chlorobenzyl group, 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group, 4-nitrobenzyl group, 4-ethoxybenzyl group, 1- It may be a naphthylmethyl group or the like.
- alkyl group having a substituent examples include a cyanomethyl group, a methoxymethyl group, a formylmethyl group, a methoxycarbonylmethyl group, an ethoxycarbonylmethyl group, a 3-carboxypropyl group, a 4-carboxybutyl group, and a 2-dimethylaminoethyl group. May be.
- a portion branched from the longest chain is a substituent.
- the counter anion (anion) of the quaternary phosphonium cation of the quaternary phosphonium salt is not particularly limited, but is a halogen ion (eg, F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇ ), a hydroxide ion, Nitrate ion, nitrite ion, hypochlorite ion, chlorite ion, chlorate ion, perchlorate ion, acetate ion, bicarbonate ion, phosphate ion, sulfate ion, hydrogen sulfate ion, sulfite ion, thiosulfuric acid And ions and carbonate ions.
- a halogen ion eg, F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇
- hydroxide ion eg, F ⁇ , Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , I ⁇
- the triarylphosphonium salt is preferably an alkyltriarylphosphonium salt (a compound having an alkyltriarylphosphonium salt structure), and more preferably an alkyltriphenylphosphonium salt.
- the chain length of the alkyl group in the alkyltriarylphosphonium salt is preferably in the above-described range based on the number of carbon atoms.
- the quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (II).
- each benzene ring may have a substituent
- R 2 represents an alkyl group or an aryl group which may have a substituent
- X ⁇ represents an anion.
- examples of the alkyl group and aryl group of R 2 include the alkyl groups and aryl groups described above.
- the alkyl group for R 2 is preferably an alkyl group having 14 or less carbon atoms from the viewpoint of excellent stability of the polishing liquid.
- the aryl group for R 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a phenyl group and a methylphenyl group.
- the above-mentioned counter anions can be used as counter anions of the quaternary phosphonium cation.
- the anion X ⁇ is not particularly limited, but is preferably a halogen ion, and more preferably a bromonium ion.
- quaternary phosphonium salt examples include methyltriphenylphosphonium salt, ethyltriphenylphosphonium salt, triphenylpropylphosphonium salt, isopropyltriphenylphosphonium salt, butyltriphenylphosphonium salt, pentyltriphenylphosphonium salt, hexyltriphenyl.
- Phosphonium salt n-heptyltriphenylphosphonium salt, triphenyl (tetradecyl) phosphonium salt, tetraphenylphosphonium salt, benzyltriphenylphosphonium salt, (2-hydroxybenzyl) triphenylphosphonium salt, (2-chlorobenzyl) triphenylphosphonium Salt, (4-chlorobenzyl) triphenylphosphonium salt, (2,4-dichlorobenzyl) phenylphosphonium salt, (4-nitrobenzyl) Triphenylphosphonium salt, 4-ethoxybenzyltriphenylphosphonium salt, (1-naphthylmethyl) triphenylphosphonium salt, (cyanomethyl) triphenylphosphonium salt, (methoxymethyl) triphenylphosphonium salt, (formylmethyl) triphenylphosphonium salt Acetonyl triphenylphosphonium salt, phenacyltriphenyl
- butyltriphenylphosphonium salt pentyltriphenylphosphonium salt, hexyltriphenylphosphonium salt, n-heptyltriphenylphosphonium salt, tetraphenylphosphonium salt, benzyltriphenylphosphonium salt from the viewpoint of excellent affinity with the wiring metal.
- Salts are preferred.
- bromonium salts and chloride salts are preferred.
- the content of the quaternary phosphonium salt is preferably 0.0001% by mass or more and 0.001% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of effectively obtaining the effect of improving the ruthenium polishing rate.
- the above is more preferable, and 0.005 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the content of the quaternary phosphonium salt is 0.1 mass on the basis of the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of further improving the ruthenium polishing rate and the excellent storage stability of the polishing slurry for CMP. % Or less is preferable, 0.05 mass% or less is more preferable, and 0.01 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment can further contain a metal dissolving agent for the purpose of increasing the polishing rate of a metal material such as a barrier metal other than a ruthenium-based metal or a wiring metal.
- a metal solubilizer is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound that reacts with a metal material to form a complex, but excludes a compound corresponding to the acid component.
- the metal solubilizer include organic acids such as malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid, organic acid esters of these organic acids, and ammonium salts of these organic acids.
- a metal dissolving agent may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the content of the metal solubilizer is preferably 0.001% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of increasing the polishing rate of a metal material such as a barrier metal other than a ruthenium-based metal or a wiring metal. 0.01 mass% or more is more preferable, and 0.1 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the content of the metal solubilizer is preferably 20.0% by mass or less, preferably 10.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that etching is easily suppressed and the surface to be polished is less likely to be rough. The following is more preferable, and 5.0% by mass or less is further preferable.
- the polishing liquid for CMP according to the present embodiment uses a metal anticorrosive (except for the triazole compound) in order to suppress excessive polishing of a metal material such as a barrier metal or a wiring metal other than a ruthenium metal. Further, it can be contained.
- the metal anticorrosive is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a compound having a thiazole skeleton, a compound having a pyrimidine skeleton, a compound having a tetrazole skeleton, a compound having an imidazole skeleton, and a compound having a pyrazole skeleton.
- Examples of the compound having a thiazole skeleton include 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
- Examples of the compound having a pyrimidine skeleton include pyrimidine, 1,2,4-triazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidine, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-pyrimido [1,2-a Pyrimidine, 1,3-diphenyl-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine sulfate, 2,4,5 -Trihydroxypyrimidine, 2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine, 2,4,6-trimethoxypyrimidine, 2,4,6-triphenylpyrimidine, 2,4-diamino- 6-hydroxylpyrimidine, 2,4-diaminopyrimidine, 2-acetamidopyrimidine, 2-aminopyrimidine, 2-methyl-5,7-diphenyl- ( , 2,4) Triazolo [1,5-a] pyrimidine
- Examples of the compound having a tetrazole skeleton include tetrazole, 5-methyltetrazole, 5-aminotetrazole, 1- (2-dimethylaminoethyl) -5-mercaptotetrazole and the like.
- Compounds having an imidazole skeleton include imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-isopropylimidazole, 2-propylimidazole, 2-butylimidazole, 4-methylimidazole, 2,4-dimethylimidazole, 2-ethyl Examples include -4-methylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, and 2-aminoimidazole.
- Examples of the compound having a pyrazole skeleton include pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 3-amino-5-methylpyrazole, 4-methylpyrazole, 3-amino-5-hydroxypyrazole and the like.
- the metal anticorrosive may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the metal anticorrosive is preferably 0.001% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint of easy suppression of excessive etching on the wiring metal and being less likely to cause roughness on the surface to be polished. 0.005 mass% or more is more preferable, and 0.01 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the content of the metal anticorrosive is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less, based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP, from the viewpoint that the polishing rate of the wiring metal and the barrier metal is difficult to decrease. Preferably, it is 2.0 mass% or less.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment can further contain a water-soluble polymer.
- the polishing slurry for CMP contains a water-soluble polymer, the exchange current density under load can be improved, and the exchange current density under non-load can be reduced. This principle is currently not clear.
- the water-soluble polymer is not particularly limited, and polyaspartic acid, polyglutamic acid, polylysine, polymalic acid, polymethacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid ammonium salt, polymethacrylic acid sodium salt, polyamic acid, polymaleic acid, polyitaconic acid, polyfumaric acid
- Polycarboxylic acids such as poly (p-styrene carboxylic acid), polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, aminopolyacrylamide, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyamic acid, sodium polyamic acid and polyglyoxylic acid Acids and salts thereof; polysaccharides such as alginic acid, pectic acid, carboxymethylcellulose, agar, curdlan and pullulan; polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly- (4-vinylpyridine) Vinyl-based polymers such as microcrystalline polyacrolein, and the like.
- a water-soluble polymer may be used
- the lower limit of the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 500 or more, more preferably 1500 or more, and still more preferably 5000 or more. When the water-soluble polymer has a weight average molecular weight of 500 or more, a high polishing rate for the barrier metal is easily developed.
- the upper limit of the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 million or less from the viewpoint of excellent solubility.
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer can be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using a standard polystyrene calibration curve under the following conditions.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 0.001% by mass or more, more preferably 0.005% by mass or more, and still more preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing liquid for CMP.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 15.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP, from the viewpoint of sufficiently maintaining the stability of the abrasive particles contained in the polishing slurry for CMP. 0 mass% or less is more preferable, and 5.0 mass% or less is still more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment can further contain an organic solvent.
- an organic solvent As a result, the wettability of the CMP polishing liquid to a substrate such as a substrate is improved, and the polishing rate of barrier metals other than ruthenium-based metals can be increased.
- an organic solvent there is no restriction
- organic solvent examples include carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and methyl ethyl carbonate; lactones such as butyrolactone and propyrolactone; ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol Glycols such as triethylene glycol and tripropylene glycol; derivatives of glycols include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether , Ethylene glycol monoethyl Ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl
- the content of the organic solvent is preferably 0.1% by mass or more based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of sufficiently ensuring the wettability of the polishing slurry for CMP to a substrate such as a substrate. 2 mass% or more is more preferable, and 0.5 mass% or more is still more preferable.
- the content of the organic solvent is preferably 50.0% by mass or less, more preferably 30.0% by mass or less, and more preferably 10.0% by mass based on the total mass of the polishing slurry for CMP from the viewpoint of sufficiently ensuring dispersibility. A mass% or less is more preferable.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to this embodiment can further contain a surfactant.
- the surfactant include water-soluble anionic surfactants such as ammonium lauryl sulfate and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether ammonium sulfate; water-soluble nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether and polyethylene glycol monostearate, and the like. It is done.
- a water-soluble anionic surfactant is preferable.
- it is more preferable to use at least one water-soluble anionic surfactant such as a polymer dispersant obtained using an ammonium salt as a copolymerization component.
- a water-soluble nonionic surfactant, a water-soluble anionic surfactant, a water-soluble cationic surfactant and the like may be used in combination.
- the content of the surfactant is, for example, 0.0001 to 0.1% by mass based on the total mass of the CMP polishing liquid.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present embodiment contains water.
- the content of water in the CMP polishing liquid may be the remainder of the polishing liquid excluding the contents of other components.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP according to the first embodiment is less than 7.0 from the viewpoint of improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal by electrostatic attraction between the abrasive particles and the ruthenium-based metal.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP is preferably 6.0 or less, more preferably 5.8 or less, still more preferably 5.5 or less, and even more preferably 5.0 or less from the viewpoint of obtaining a further excellent polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal. Is particularly preferable and 4.0 or less is very preferable.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 2.0 or more, and even more preferably 2.5 or more, from the viewpoint of excellent safety when used.
- well-known pH adjusters such as an acid and a base, can be used.
- the pH is defined as the pH at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP according to the second embodiment is less than 7.0 from the viewpoint of improving the polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal by electrostatic attraction between the abrasive particles and the ruthenium-based metal.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP is preferably 6.0 or less, more preferably 5.8 or less, and even more preferably 5.5 or less, from the viewpoint of obtaining a further excellent polishing rate of the ruthenium-based metal.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP is preferably 2.0 or more, more preferably 3.0 or more, still more preferably 3.5 or more, and particularly preferably 4.0 or more from the viewpoint of further suppressing galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal. 4.3 or more is very preferable.
- well-known pH adjusters such as an acid and a base, can be used.
- the pH is defined as the pH at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the pH of the polishing slurry for CMP can be measured with a pH meter (for example, model number: PHL-40, manufactured by Electrochemical Instrument Co., Ltd.). For example, after two-point calibration using a standard buffer (phthalate pH buffer, pH: 4.01 (25 ° C.); neutral phosphate pH buffer, pH: 6.86 (25 ° C.))
- the pH of the CMP polishing liquid can be measured by placing the electrode in the CMP polishing liquid and measuring the value after 2 minutes or more have passed and stabilized.
- the difference AB between the corrosion potential A of the ruthenium-based metal and the corrosion potential B of the wiring metal in the CMP polishing liquid is ⁇ 500 to 0 mV.
- the corrosion potential difference AB is preferably closer to 0 mV.
- the corrosion potential difference AB is preferably closer to ⁇ 500 mV.
- the corrosion potential difference AB is more preferably ⁇ 350 to 0 mV, further preferably ⁇ 300 to 0 mV, and particularly preferably ⁇ 300 to ⁇ 100 mV.
- the corrosion potential is determined by, for example, immersing a reference electrode containing a ruthenium-based metal or a wiring metal, a silver / silver chloride electrode (working electrode), and a platinum electrode (counter electrode) in a polishing slurry for CMP, and then Hokuto Denko Corporation It can be obtained by measuring the corrosion electrode of the reference electrode using a company-made “electrochemical measurement system HZ-5000”.
- the corrosion potential difference AB can be adjusted by the content of each component of the CMP polishing liquid.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present embodiment can be stored, transported and used by dividing the components of the CMP polishing liquid into a plurality of liquids.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present embodiment may be stored separately as a component containing an oxidizing agent and a component other than the oxidizing agent, and the first liquid containing the abrasive particles and the acid component
- the second liquid containing the oxidizing agent may be stored separately.
- the first liquid may further contain a triazole compound, a metal dissolving agent, a metal anticorrosive, a water-soluble polymer, an organic solvent, a surfactant, and the like.
- the first liquid further contains an anticorrosive (the triazole compound, metal anticorrosive, etc.), a quaternary phosphonium salt, a metal solubilizer, a water-soluble polymer, an organic solvent, a surfactant, and the like. May be.
- the polishing method according to the first embodiment includes a polishing step of polishing at least a part of the ruthenium-based metal by polishing the substrate having the ruthenium-based metal using the CMP polishing liquid.
- the polishing method according to the second embodiment includes a polishing step of polishing a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal and a wiring metal using the CMP polishing liquid to remove at least a part of the ruthenium-based metal.
- the polishing liquid for CMP is supplied between a surface to be polished of a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal and a polishing pad (polishing cloth) to remove at least a part of the ruthenium-based metal.
- the ruthenium-based metal is polished in the polishing step using the CMP polishing liquid. At least a part of the metal and at least a part of the wiring metal may be removed.
- the substrate to be polished using the CMP polishing liquid is a substrate having a ruthenium-based metal.
- the base may further include a wiring metal.
- the ruthenium-based metal is, for example, layered (a layer containing a ruthenium-based metal).
- Examples of the substrate include a substrate such as a semiconductor substrate; a component such as an aircraft component or an automobile component; a vehicle such as a railway vehicle; a housing of an electronic device.
- the polishing method according to the present embodiment may further include a step of forming a ruthenium-based metal on a base (first base) and preparing a base having a ruthenium-based metal (second base).
- the base body having a ruthenium-based metal may further have a wiring metal.
- a method for forming the ruthenium-based metal a method other than the PVD method is preferable, at least one method selected from the group consisting of the CVD method and the ALD method is more preferable, and the CVD method is more preferable.
- polishing method will be described in detail by exemplifying a case where the base is a semiconductor substrate.
- An example in which a ruthenium-based metal is used when the substrate is a semiconductor substrate includes a damascene wiring formation process.
- reference numeral 11 is an insulating material
- reference numeral 12 is a barrier metal
- reference numeral 13 is a ruthenium-based metal
- reference numeral 14 is a wiring metal.
- a groove concave portion
- the barrier metal 12 is formed on the insulating material 11 so as to follow the shape of the surface of the insulating material 11.
- the ruthenium-based metal 13 is formed on the barrier metal 12 so as to follow the shape of the barrier metal 12, and finally the wiring metal 14 is formed on the ruthenium-based metal 13 so as to fill the recess and cover the entire surface. Can be obtained.
- FIG. 5 there is a technique in which a ruthenium-based metal 13 is provided between a barrier metal 12 and a seed layer 15 using a metal material similar to the wiring metal 14. That is, by adding a step of forming the seed layer 15 using the same metal material as the wiring metal 14 after the formation of the ruthenium-based metal 13 in FIG. 4, the semiconductor substrate having the structure shown in FIG. 5 is obtained.
- the wiring metal is preferably a copper-based metal such as copper, a copper alloy, a copper oxide, or a copper alloy oxide.
- the wiring metal can be formed by a known sputtering method, plating method or the like.
- Examples of the ruthenium-based metal include ruthenium, a ruthenium alloy (for example, an alloy having a ruthenium content exceeding 50% by mass), a ruthenium compound, and the like.
- Examples of the ruthenium alloy include a ruthenium tantalum alloy and a ruthenium titanium alloy.
- Examples of the ruthenium compound include ruthenium nitride.
- the barrier metal is formed for the purpose of preventing the wiring metal from diffusing into the insulating material.
- Tantalum-type metals such as a tantalum, a tantalum alloy, a tantalum compound (for example, tantalum nitride); Titanium-type metals, such as titanium, a titanium alloy, a titanium compound (for example, titanium nitride); Tungsten, a tungsten alloy And tungsten-based metals such as tungsten compounds (for example, tungsten nitride).
- the insulating material is not particularly limited as long as it can reduce the parasitic capacitance between elements or between wirings and has an insulating property, and is an inorganic material such as SiO 2 , SiOF, Si—H containing SiO 2 ; carbon Organic inorganic hybrid materials such as containing SiO 2 (SiOC) and methyl group containing SiO 2 ; organic polymer materials such as fluororesin polymer (eg PTFE polymer), polyimide polymer, polyallyl ether polymer, parylene polymer, etc. Can be mentioned.
- inorganic material such as SiO 2 , SiOF, Si—H containing SiO 2 ; carbon Organic inorganic hybrid materials such as containing SiO 2 (SiOC) and methyl group containing SiO 2 ; organic polymer materials such as fluororesin polymer (eg PTFE polymer), polyimide polymer, polyallyl ether polymer, parylene polymer, etc. Can be mentioned.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state before polishing the substrate
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a state of the substrate after the first polishing step
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of the substrate after the second polishing step.
- the wiring metal 14 is polished using a CMP polishing liquid for wiring metal to expose the ruthenium-based metal 13 present on the convex portions of the insulating material 11, and the substrate having the structure shown in FIG. Obtain (first polishing step).
- the ruthenium-based metal 13 and the barrier metal 12 existing on the convex portion of the insulating material 11 and a part of the wiring metal 14 existing in the concave portion of the insulating material 11 are polished, so that the convex portion of the insulating material 11 is polished.
- the CMP polishing liquid according to the present embodiment is preferably used in at least the second polishing process.
- polishing may be continued for a predetermined time (over polishing). That is, in the present embodiment, in the polishing step, the substrate is polished using the CMP polishing liquid, so that at least a part of the ruthenium-based metal, at least a part of the wiring metal, and at least one of the insulating materials. May be removed.
- a polishing apparatus for example, a general polishing apparatus having a surface plate to which a polishing pad can be attached and a holder for holding a substrate can be used. A motor or the like that can change the rotational speed may be attached to the surface plate.
- a polishing pad A general nonwoven fabric, a foaming polyurethane, a porous fluororesin, etc. can be used.
- the polishing conditions are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to adjust the rotational speed of the surface plate to a low rotational speed of 200 min ⁇ 1 or less so that the substrate does not jump out.
- the pressure applied to the substrate pressed against the polishing pad is preferably 4 to 100 kPa, and more preferably 6 to 50 kPa from the viewpoint of excellent uniformity in the substrate surface and flatness of the pattern.
- polishing pressure is preferably 4 to 100 kPa, and more preferably 6 to 50 kPa from the viewpoint of excellent uniformity in the substrate surface and flatness of the pattern.
- polishing it is preferable to continuously supply the polishing liquid for CMP to the polishing pad with a pump or the like. Although there is no restriction
- the substrate is preferably washed in running water and then dried after removing water droplets adhering to the substrate using a spin dryer or the like.
- the type of the polishing liquid and the blending ratio thereof may be other than the types and blending ratios described in the present embodiment, and the composition and structure of the polishing target may be other than those described in the present embodiment. Also, it may be a structure.
- a polishing liquid was prepared by the following method using each component shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- Example A1 Mixing and stirring 100 parts of colloidal silica whose average secondary particle size is 60 nm and whose surface is modified with sulfo groups, 1.7 parts by weight of phosphoric acid, 0.03 parts by weight of hydrogen peroxide and water. A mass polishing slurry for CMP was prepared. In addition, the said addition amount of the said colloidal silica, the said phosphoric acid, and the said hydrogen peroxide is adjusted using the colloidal silica liquid whose silica particle content is 20 mass%, 85 mass% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, and 30 mass% hydrogen peroxide water. did.
- Examples A2 to A13 The components shown in Table 1 were mixed and operated in the same manner as in Example A1 to prepare CMP polishing liquids of Examples A2 to A13.
- anionic colloidal silica colloidal silica having an average secondary particle size of 60 nm and a surface modified with a sulfo group was used.
- Comparative Examples A1 to A7 The components shown in Table 2 were mixed and operated in the same manner as in Example A1 to prepare CMP polishing liquids of Comparative Examples A1 to A7.
- cationic colloidal silica colloidal silica that is cationic when the average secondary particle size is 60 nm and the pH is 1 to 5 was used.
- anionic colloidal silica colloidal silica having an average secondary particle size of 60 nm and a surface modified with a sulfo group was used.
- Example B1 15.0 parts by mass of colloidal silica having an average secondary particle size of 60 nm and a surface modified with a sulfo group, 0.4 parts by mass of phosphoric acid, 0.03 parts by mass of hydrogen peroxide, 5-methyl (-1H-)
- the pH was adjusted to the value shown in Table 3 using aqueous ammonia, and 100 parts by mass of CMP was used.
- a polishing liquid (CMP polishing liquid of Example B1) was prepared.
- the said addition amount of the said colloidal silica, the said phosphoric acid, and the said hydrogen peroxide is adjusted using the colloidal silica liquid whose silica particle content is 20 mass%, 85 mass% phosphoric acid aqueous solution, and 30 mass% hydrogen peroxide water. did.
- Example B2 to B14 and Comparative Examples B1 to B2 The components shown in Table 3 were mixed and operated in the same manner as in Example B1 to prepare CMP polishing liquids of Examples B2 to B14 and CMP polishing liquids of Comparative Examples B1 to B2.
- the polishing slurry for CMP in Example B13 is the same as that in Example A9.
- the polishing slurry for CMP in Example B14 is the same as that in Example A8.
- anionic colloidal silica colloidal silica having an average secondary particle size of 60 nm and a surface modified with a sulfo group was used.
- cationic colloidal silica colloidal silica that is cationic when the average secondary particle diameter is 60 nm and the pH is 1 to 5 was used.
- Examples C1 to C10 and Comparative Examples C1 to C3 The components shown in Table 4 were mixed and operated in the same manner as in Example A1 to prepare CMP polishing liquids of Examples C1 to C10 and CMP polishing liquids of Comparative Examples C1 to C3.
- anionic colloidal silica colloidal silica having an average secondary particle size of 60 nm and a surface modified with a sulfo group was used.
- the zeta potential of the colloidal silica of the polishing slurry for CMP was measured using “DELSA NANO C” manufactured by Beckman Coulter.
- Polishing device Polishing machine for single-sided metal film (Applied Materials, product name: MIRRA ("MIRRA" is a registered trademark)) Polishing pad: Polishing pad made of polyurethane foam resin Surface plate rotation speed: 93 min -1 Head rotation speed: 87 min -1 Polishing pressure: 14 kPa Supply amount of polishing liquid: 200 mL / min
- Polishing apparatus single-sided metal film polishing machine (Applied Materials, product name: Reflexion LK) Polishing pad: Polishing pad made of foamed polyurethane resin Surface plate rotation speed: 123 min ⁇ 1 Head rotation speed: 117 min -1 Polishing pressure: 10.3 kPa (1.5 psi) Supply amount of polishing liquid: 300 mL / min
- a sponge brush (made of polyvinyl alcohol resin) was pressed against the surface to be polished of the substrate polished above, and then the substrate and the sponge brush were rotated while supplying distilled water to the substrate, followed by washing for 60 seconds. Next, after removing the sponge brush, distilled water was supplied to the polished surface of the substrate for 60 seconds. Finally, the substrate was dried by spinning off the substrate at high speed to blow off distilled water.
- polishing rate was evaluated as follows. Based on the difference in film thickness before and after polishing measured using a metal film thickness measuring device (product name: VR-120 / 08S) manufactured by Hitachi Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd. Asked. The measurement results are shown in Tables 1 to 4 as “ruthenium polishing rate”.
- the corrosion potential difference AB was determined. That is, a blanket wafer with a potential measurement film formed on the surface is cut out to an appropriate size as a reference electrode, a silver / silver chloride electrode as a working electrode, and a platinum electrode as a counter electrode. Prepared. Then, these three electrodes were put in a polishing slurry for CMP, and a potential difference was obtained by measurement mode: linear sweep voltammetry. The measurement results are shown in Tables 3 and 4 as “corrosion potential [Ru—Cu]”.
- Pattern board with copper wiring having a diameter of 12 inches (30.5 cm) ( ⁇ ) (manufactured by Advanced Material Technology, SEMATECH754 CMP pattern: an interlayer insulating film made of silicon dioxide having a thickness of 3000 mm: a pattern having a copper wiring width of 180 nm and a wiring density of 50%
- the copper film other than the concave portion (groove portion) of the first portion was polished by a known CMP method using a copper film polishing liquid to expose the convex barrier layer on the surface to be polished.
- This pattern substrate was cut into small pieces of 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm and used for the following polishing.
- the barrier layer of the pattern substrate was a tantalum film having a thickness of 300 mm.
- the galvanic corrosion of the patterned substrate after polishing was evaluated under the following conditions. That is, a copper wiring portion having a copper wiring width of 180 nm and a wiring density of 50% on the patterned substrate after polishing was observed using a Review SEM observation apparatus, SEM vision G3, manufactured by Applied Materials technology. The case where no galvanic corrosion was confirmed was evaluated as a good result and indicated as “A” in the table. The case where galvanic corrosion was confirmed was indicated as “B” in the table. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
- Example A7 it can be seen that a good ruthenium polishing rate can be obtained even if the type of the acid component is changed.
- the ruthenium polishing rate is remarkably improved by using a triazole compound (particularly, using 1,2,4-triazole and 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole in combination). I understand that.
- Examples B1 to B3 show the evaluation results of ruthenium polishing rate and galvanic corrosion when the polishing liquid contains 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole and 1,2,4-triazole as anticorrosive agents. From this result, it can be seen that the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed while maintaining the ruthenium polishing rate high by the small corrosion potential difference.
- Examples B4 and B5 show the evaluation results of ruthenium polishing rate and galvanic corrosion when the polishing liquid contains only 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole as an anticorrosive agent. Even when the polishing liquid contains only 5-methyl (-1H-) benzotriazole, it can be seen that the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed while maintaining the ruthenium polishing rate high because the difference in corrosion potential is small.
- the polishing liquids of Examples B8 to B11 have a composition in which the polishing liquids of Examples B1 to B4 further contain tetraphenylphosphonium bromide as an additive. It can be seen that the inclusion of such an additive in the polishing liquid can further increase the ruthenium polishing rate and suppress the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal.
- Example B12 From the result of Example B12, it can be seen that galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed while maintaining a high ruthenium polishing rate even when nitric acid is used as the acid component.
- Comparative Example A3 and Comparative Example B1 From the results of Comparative Example A3 and Comparative Example B1, it can be seen that the ruthenium polishing rate decreases when the pH is 7.0. From the results of Comparative Examples A1, A5 to A7, and Comparative Example B2, it can be seen that the ruthenium polishing rate decreases when the zeta potential of the abrasive particles is positive. From the results of Comparative Examples A2 and A7 and Comparative Examples C1 to C3, it can be seen that the ruthenium polishing rate is lowered by not using the predetermined acid component of the present application. From the result of Comparative Example A4, it can be seen that the ruthenium polishing rate is reduced by not using the oxidizing agent.
- the ruthenium-based metal polishing rate can be improved as compared with the case where a conventional CMP polishing liquid is used.
- the polishing rate for ruthenium-based metal can be improved and the galvanic corrosion of the wiring metal can be suppressed as compared with the case where a conventional CMP polishing liquid is used.
- a polishing liquid and a polishing method using the same can also be provided.
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Abstract
Description
第一実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属を研磨するためのCMP用研磨液である。第一実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、(a)CMP用研磨液中において負のゼータ電位を有する研磨粒子(砥粒)と、(b)無機酸、モノカルボン酸、複数のカルボキシル基を有し且つ水酸基を有さないカルボン酸、及び、これらの塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種を含む酸成分と、(c)酸化剤と、(d)水と、を含有し、CMP用研磨液のpHが7.0未満であることを特徴とする。
一般に、研磨粒子は所定の硬度を有するため、その硬度に起因する機械的作用が研磨の進行に寄与する。本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液において使用される研磨粒子は、pHが7.0未満であるCMP用研磨液中において負(マイナス)のゼータ電位を有している(すなわち、ゼータ電位が0mVより小さい)。これにより、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度が向上する。この理由は明確ではないが、研磨粒子が負のゼータ電位を有することで、研磨粒子とルテニウム系金属とが静電的に吸引しあう相互作用が発現し、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度が向上すると考えられる。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度を向上させる目的で、無機酸成分(無機酸、無機酸塩等)及び有機酸成分(有機酸、有機酸塩等)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種を含む酸成分を含有し、具体的には、無機酸、モノカルボン酸(一つのカルボキシル基を有するカルボン酸)、複数のカルボキシル基を有し且つ水酸基を有さないカルボン酸、及び、これらの塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種を含む酸成分を含有する。前記特定の酸成分がルテニウム系金属と反応し錯体を形成することで、ルテニウム系金属に対する高い研磨速度が得られると考えられる。研磨対象の基体がルテニウム系金属以外のバリア金属及び配線金属等を有する場合、前記特定の酸成分は、これらの金属の研磨速度を高めることもできる。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、金属の酸化剤(以下、単に「酸化剤」という)を含有する。酸化剤としては、前記酸成分に該当する化合物を除く。
第一実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度が更に向上する目的で、トリアゾール系化合物を更に含有できる。かかる効果が奏される要因は必ずしも明らかではないが、CMP用研磨液がトリアゾール系化合物を含有することで、トリアゾール系化合物中の窒素原子(N原子)がルテニウム系金属に配位して脆弱な反応層が形成されることで、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度が更に向上すると推測される。また、トリアゾール系化合物は配線金属のエッチングを抑制する効果もある。トリアゾール系化合物としては、防食剤又は保護膜形成剤として公知の化合物を特に制限なく使用できる。
第二実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、第一の防食剤として、下記一般式(I)で表される化合物を含有することが好ましい。これにより、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度が向上しやすくなると共に配線金属のガルバニック腐食を抑制しやすくなる。かかる効果が奏される要因は必ずしも明らかではないが、一般式(I)で表される化合物はルテニウム系金属に配位しやすいため、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度を向上させつつ、ガルバニック腐食を抑制できると推測される。第一の防食剤としては、ベンゾトリアゾール、5-メチル(-1H-)ベンゾトリアゾール、5-エチル(-1H-)ベンゾトリアゾール、5-プロピル(-1H-)ベンゾトリアゾール等が挙げられる。
第二実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度を向上させやすくなる観点から、第四級ホスホニウム塩を更に含有することが好ましい。第四級ホスホニウム塩は、ルテニウム系金属の研磨速度を更に向上させやすくなる観点から、トリアリールホスホニウム塩及びテトラアリールホスホニウム塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種が好ましく、テトラアリールホスホニウム塩がより好ましい。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属以外のバリア金属又は配線金属等の金属材料の研磨速度を高める目的で、金属溶解剤を更に含有できる。このような金属溶解剤としては、金属材料と反応し錯体を形成する化合物であれば特に制限はないが、前記酸成分に該当する化合物を除く。金属溶解剤としては、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、クエン酸等の有機酸、これらの有機酸の有機酸エステル、及び、これら有機酸のアンモニウム塩などが挙げられる。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、ルテニウム系金属以外のバリア金属又は配線金属等の金属材料が過度に研磨されることを抑制するために、金属防食剤(前記トリアゾール系化合物を除く)を更に含有できる。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、水溶性ポリマーを更に含有できる。CMP用研磨液が水溶性ポリマーを含有することにより、荷重下での交換電流密度を向上させることができると共に、非荷重下での交換電流密度を低下させることができる。この原理に関しては現在明確にはなっていない。
試料:10μL
標準ポリスチレン:東ソー株式会社製、標準ポリスチレン(分子量:190000、17900、9100、2980、578、474、370、266)
検出器:株式会社日立製作所製、RI-モニター、製品名「L-3000」
インテグレーター:株式会社日立製作所製、GPCインテグレーター、製品名「D-2200」
ポンプ:株式会社日立製作所製、製品名「L-6000」
デガス装置:昭和電工株式会社製、製品名「Shodex DEGAS」(「Shodex」は登録商標)
カラム:日立化成株式会社製、製品名「GL-R440」、「GL-R430」、「GL-R420」をこの順番で連結して使用
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン(THF)
測定温度:23℃
流速:1.75mL/分
測定時間:45分
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、有機溶媒を更に含有できる。これにより、CMP用研磨液の基板等の基体への濡れ性が向上し、ルテニウム系金属以外のバリア金属等の研磨速度を高めることができる。有機溶媒としては、特に制限はないが、水と任意に混合できる溶媒が好ましい。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、界面活性剤を更に含有できる。界面活性剤としては、ラウリル硫酸アンモニウム、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル硫酸アンモニウム等の水溶性陰イオン性界面活性剤;ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールモノステアレート等の水溶性非イオン性界面活性剤などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、界面活性剤としては、水溶性陰イオン性界面活性剤が好ましい。特に、共重合成分としてアンモニウム塩を用いて得られた高分子分散剤等の水溶性陰イオン性界面活性剤の少なくとも一種を使用することがより好ましい。水溶性非イオン性界面活性剤、水溶性陰イオン性界面活性剤、水溶性陽イオン性界面活性剤等を併用してもよい。界面活性剤の含有量は、CMP用研磨液の全質量基準で例えば0.0001~0.1質量%である。
本実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液は、水を含有している。CMP用研磨液における水の含有量は、他の構成成分の含有量を除いた研磨液の残部でよい。
第一実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液のpHは、研磨粒子とルテニウム系金属との静電的吸引作用によってルテニウム系金属の研磨速度を向上させる観点から、7.0未満である。CMP用研磨液のpHは、ルテニウム系金属の更に優れた研磨速度が得られる観点から、6.0以下が好ましく、5.8以下がより好ましく、5.5以下が更に好ましく、5.0以下が特に好ましく、4.0以下が極めて好ましい。CMP用研磨液のpHは、使用する際の安全性に優れる観点から、1.0以上が好ましく、2.0以上がより好ましく、2.5以上が更に好ましい。なお、pHを調整するために、酸及び塩基等の公知のpH調整剤を使用できる。pHは液温25℃におけるpHと定義する。
第二実施形態に係るCMP用研磨液では、当該CMP用研磨液中のルテニウム系金属の腐食電位Aと配線金属との腐食電位Bとの差A-Bが、-500~0mVである。これにより、配線金属がルテニウム系金属によってガルバニック腐食を受けることを抑制できる。
次に、本実施形態に係る研磨方法について説明する。
表1~表4に示す各成分を用いて研磨液を下記の方法で作製した。
平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカ3.0質量部、リン酸1.7質量部、過酸化水素0.03質量部及び水を混合、攪拌して100質量部のCMP用研磨液を作製した。なお、前記コロイダルシリカ、前記リン酸、前記過酸化水素の前記添加量は、シリカ粒子含有量20質量%のコロイダルシリカ液、85質量%リン酸水溶液、30質量%過酸化水素水を用いて調整した。
表1に示す各成分を混合し、実施例A1と同様に操作して実施例A2~A13のCMP用研磨液を作製した。なお、アニオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカを用いた。
表2に示す各成分を混合し、実施例A1と同様に操作して比較例A1~A7のCMP用研磨液を作製した。なお、カチオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つpHが1~5のときにカチオン性であるコロイダルシリカを用いた。アニオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカを用いた。
平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカ15.0質量部、リン酸0.4質量部、過酸化水素0.03質量部、5-メチル(-1H-)ベンゾトリアゾール0.5質量部、1,2,4-トリアゾール3.0質量部及び水を混合した後、アンモニア水を用いてpHを表3に示す値に調整して、100質量部のCMP用研磨液(実施例B1のCMP用研磨液)を作製した。なお、前記コロイダルシリカ、前記リン酸、前記過酸化水素の前記添加量は、シリカ粒子含有量20質量%のコロイダルシリカ液、85質量%リン酸水溶液、30質量%過酸化水素水を用いて調整した。
表3に示す各成分を混合し、実施例B1と同様に操作して実施例B2~B14のCMP用研磨液及び比較例B1~B2のCMP用研磨液を作製した。実施例B13のCMP用研磨液は、実施例A9と同一である。実施例B14のCMP用研磨液は、実施例A8と同一である。なお、アニオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカを用いた。カチオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つpHが1~5のときにカチオン性であるコロイダルシリカを用いた。
表4に示す各成分を混合し、実施例A1と同様に操作して実施例C1~C10のCMP用研磨液及び比較例C1~C3のCMP用研磨液を作製した。なお、アニオン性コロイダルシリカとしては、平均二次粒径が60nmであり且つ表面をスルホ基により修飾したコロイダルシリカを用いた。
CMP用研磨液における研磨粒子のゼータ電位、及び、CMP用研磨液のpHを下記の手順及び条件で求めた。測定結果は表1~表4に示すとおりである。
CMP用研磨液のコロイダルシリカのゼータ電位を、ベックマンコールター社製「DELSA NANO C」を使用して測定した。
測定温度:25±5℃
測定器:電気化学計器株式会社製、型番:PHL-40
以下の項目により、実施例及び比較例の評価を行った。
[被研磨基板]
厚さ15nm(150Å)のルテニウム膜をCVD法でシリコン基板上に形成したルテニウムブランケット基板を用意した。
実施例A1~A13、実施例C1~C10、比較例A1~A7及び比較例C1~C3のCMP用研磨液を用いて、下記研磨条件で前記被研磨基体をそれぞれ60秒間CMPした。
研磨パッド:発泡ポリウレタン樹脂製研磨パッド
定盤回転数:93min-1
ヘッド回転数:87min-1
研磨圧力:14kPa
研磨液の供給量:200mL/分
実施例B1~B14及び比較例B1~B2のCMP用研磨液を用いて、下記研磨条件で前記被研磨基体をそれぞれ60秒間CMPした。
研磨パッド:発泡ポリウレタン樹脂製研磨パッド
定盤回転数:123min-1
ヘッド回転数:117min-1
研磨圧力:10.3kPa(1.5psi)
研磨液の供給量:300mL/min
前記で研磨した基板の被研磨面にスポンジブラシ(ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂製)を押し付けた後、蒸留水を基板に供給しながら基板とスポンジブラシを回転させ、60秒間洗浄した。次に、スポンジブラシを取り除いた後、基板の被研磨面に蒸留水を60秒間供給した。最後に、基板を高速で回転させて蒸留水を弾き飛ばして基板を乾燥した。
研磨速度を下記のように評価した。株式会社日立国際電気製、金属膜厚測定装置(製品名:VR-120/08S)を用いて測定した研磨前後の膜厚差に基づき、前記条件で研磨及び洗浄したルテニウムブランケット基板の研磨速度を求めた。測定結果を「ルテニウム研磨速度」として表1~表4に示す。
CMP後の基板(前記(1.ルテニウム系金属の研磨評価)におけるルテニウムブランケット基板)を目視観察、光学顕微鏡観察及び電子顕微鏡観察し、研磨傷の発生の有無を確認した。その結果、すべての実施例及び比較例において顕著な研磨傷の発生は認められなかった。
実施例B1~B14、実施例C1~C10、比較例B1~B2及び比較例C1~C3のCMP用研磨液を用いて、腐食電位の測定、及び、配線金属のガルバニック腐食評価を行った。
北斗電工株式会社製「電気化学測定システム HZ-5000」を用いてルテニウム系金属の腐食電位Aと配線金属の腐食電位Bとを測定した後、腐食電位差A-Bを求めた。すなわち、電位測定を行う膜が表面に成膜されたブランケットウエハを適切な大きさに切り出したものを参照電極として用意し、作用電極として銀/塩化銀電極を用意し、カウンター電極として白金電極を用意した。そして、これら三電極をCMP用研磨液にいれ、測定モード:リニアスイープボルタメトリーで電位差を求めた。測定結果を「腐食電位[Ru-Cu]」として表3及び表4に示す。
[パターン基板(被研磨基体)の作製]
基体として以下の基板を用意した。直径12インチ(30.5cm)(φ)サイズの銅配線付きパターン基板(Advanced Material Technology社製 SEMATECH754CMPパターン:二酸化ケイ素からなる厚さ3000Åの層間絶縁膜:銅配線幅180nm、配線密度50%のパターンを有する)の凹部(溝部)以外の銅膜を、銅膜用研磨液を用いて公知のCMP法により研磨して凸部のバリア層を被研磨面に露出させた。このパターン基板を2cm×2cmの小片に切断し、下記の研磨に使用した。なお、前記パターン基板のバリア層は厚さ300Åのタンタル膜であった。
実施例B1~B14、実施例C1~C10、比較例B1~B2及び比較例C1~C3のCMP用研磨液を用いて、前記研磨条件で前記被研磨基体をそれぞれ60秒間CMPした。
前記研磨後パターン基板のガルバニック腐食を下記条件により評価した。すなわち、前記研磨後パターン基板における銅配線幅180nm、配線密度50%である銅配線部を、Applied Materials technology社製Review SEM観察装置、SEM vision G3を用いて観察した。ガルバニック腐食が全く確認されなかった場合を良好な結果と評価し、表中「A」として表記した。ガルバニック腐食が確認された場合を表中「B」として表記した。評価結果を表3及び表4に示す。
Claims (18)
- ルテニウム系金属を研磨するためのCMP用研磨液であって、
研磨粒子と、酸成分と、酸化剤と、水と、を含有し、
前記酸成分が、無機酸、モノカルボン酸、複数のカルボキシル基を有し且つ水酸基を有さないカルボン酸、及び、これらの塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、
前記研磨粒子が前記CMP用研磨液中において負のゼータ電位を有し、
前記CMP用研磨液のpHが7.0未満である、CMP用研磨液。 - トリアゾール系化合物を更に含有する、請求項1に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記CMP用研磨液のpHが1.0~6.0である、請求項1又は2に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- ルテニウム系金属及び配線金属を有する基体を研磨するためのCMP用研磨液であって、
研磨粒子と、酸成分と、酸化剤と、水と、を含有し、
前記酸成分が、無機酸、モノカルボン酸、複数のカルボキシル基を有し且つ水酸基を有さないカルボン酸、及び、これらの塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種を含み、
前記研磨粒子が前記CMP用研磨液中において負のゼータ電位を有し、
前記CMP用研磨液中においてルテニウム系金属の腐食電位Aと配線金属の腐食電位Bとの差A-Bが-500~0mVであり、
前記CMP用研磨液のpHが7.0未満である、CMP用研磨液。 - 第二の防食剤を更に含有する、請求項5に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記第二の防食剤がトリアゾール系化合物(但し、前記第一の防食剤を除く)である、請求項6に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 第四級ホスホニウム塩を更に含有する、請求項4~7のいずれか一項に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記第四級ホスホニウム塩が、トリアリールホスホニウム塩及びテトラアリールホスホニウム塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項8に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記CMP用研磨液のpHが3.5以上である、請求項4~10のいずれか一項に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記酸成分が、硝酸、リン酸、グリコール酸、乳酸、グリシン、アラニン、サリチル酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸及びこれらの塩からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 前記研磨粒子及び前記酸成分を含む第一の液と、前記酸化剤を含む第二の液と、に分けて保管される、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載のCMP用研磨液。
- 請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載のCMP用研磨液を用いて、ルテニウム系金属を有する基体を研磨して、前記ルテニウム系金属の少なくとも一部を除去する工程を備える、研磨方法。
- 前記基体が配線金属を更に有する、請求項14に記載の研磨方法。
- 前記配線金属が銅系金属である、請求項15に記載の研磨方法。
- 物理気相成長法以外の形成方法でルテニウム系金属を基体上に形成して、ルテニウム系金属を有する基体を用意する工程を更に備える、請求項14~16のいずれか一項に記載の研磨方法。
- 前記形成方法が、化学気相成長法及び原子層堆積法からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、請求項17に記載の研磨方法。
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| JPWO2014175397A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
| KR20160002728A (ko) | 2016-01-08 |
| TW201506099A (zh) | 2015-02-16 |
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